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  • Can I expect a performance gain from removing this JOIN?

    - by makeee
    I have a "items" table with 1 million rows and a "users" table with 20,000 rows. When I select from the "items" table I do a join on the "users" table (items.user_id = user.id), so that I can grab the "username" from the users table. I'm considering adding a username column to the items table and removing the join. Can I expect a decent performance increase from this? It's already quite fast, but it would be nice to decrease my load (which is pretty high). The downside is that if the user changes their username, items will still reflect their old username, but this is okay with me if I can expect a decent performance increase. I'm asking stackoverflow because benchmarks aren't telling me too much. Both queries finish very quickly. Regardless, I'm wondering if removing the join would lighten load on the database to any significant degree.

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  • python sqlite3 won't execute a join, but sqlite3 alone will

    - by Francis Davey
    Using the sqlite3 standard library in python 2.6.4, the following query works fine on sqlite3 command line: select segmentid, node_t, start, number,title from ((segments inner join position using (segmentid)) left outer join titles using (legid, segmentid)) left outer join numbers using (start, legid, version); But If I execute it via the sqlite3 library in python I get an error: >>> conn=sqlite3.connect('data/test.db') >>> conn.execute('''select segmentid, node_t, start, number,title from ((segments inner join position using (segmentid)) left outer join titles using (legid, segmentid)) left outer join numbers using (start, legid, version)''') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> sqlite3.OperationalError: cannot join using column start - column not present in both tables The (computed) table on the left hand side of the join appears to have the relevant column because if I check it by itself I get: >>> conn.execute('''select * from ((segments inner join position using (segmentid)) left outer join titles using (legid, segmentid)) limit 20''').description (('segmentid', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('html', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('node_t', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('legid', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('version', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('start', None, None, None, None, None, None), ('title', None, None, None, None, None, None)) My schema is: CREATE TABLE leg (legid integer primary key, t char(16), year char(16), no char(16)); CREATE TABLE numbers ( number char(16), legid integer, version integer, start integer, end integer, prev integer, prev_number char(16), next integer, next_number char(16), primary key (number, legid, version)); CREATE TABLE position ( segmentid integer, legid integer, version integer, start integer, primary key (segmentid, legid, version)); CREATE TABLE 'segments' (segmentid integer primary key, html text, node_t integer); CREATE TABLE titles (legid integer, segmentid integer, title text, primary key (legid, segmentid)); CREATE TABLE versions (legid integer, version integer, primary key (legid, version)); CREATE INDEX idx_numbers_start on numbers (legid, version, start); I am baffled as to what I am doing wrong. I have tried quitting/restarting both the python and sqlite command lines and can't see what I'm doing wrong. It may be completely obvious.

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  • C++ Multithreading with pthread is blocking (including sockets)

    - by Sebastian Büttner
    I am trying to implement a multi threaded application with pthread. I did implement a thread class which looks like the following and I call it later twice (or even more), but it seems to block instead of execute the threads parallel. Here is what I got until now: The Thread Class is an abstract class which has the abstract method "exec" which should contain the thread code in a derive class (I did a sample of this, named DerivedThread) Thread.hpp #ifndef THREAD_H_ #define THREAD_H_ #include <pthread.h> class Thread { public: Thread(); void start(); void join(); virtual int exec() = 0; int exit_code(); private: static void* thread_router(void* arg); void exec_thread(); pthread_t pth_; int code_; }; #endif /* THREAD_H_ */ And Thread.cpp #include <iostream> #include "Thread.hpp" /*****************************/ using namespace std; Thread::Thread(): code_(0) { cout << "[Thread] Init" << endl; } void Thread::start() { cout << "[Thread] Created Thread" << endl; pthread_create( &pth_, NULL, Thread::thread_router, reinterpret_cast<void*>(this)); } void Thread::join() { cout << "[Thread] Join Thread" << endl; pthread_join(pth_, NULL); } int Thread::exit_code() { return code_; } void Thread::exec_thread() { cout << "[Thread] Execute" << endl; code_ = exec(); } void* Thread::thread_router(void* arg) { cout << "[Thread] exec_thread function in thread" << endl; reinterpret_cast<Thread*>(arg)->exec_thread(); return NULL; } DerivedThread.hpp #include "Thread.hpp" class DerivedThread : public Thread { public: DerivedThread(); virtual ~DerivedThread(); int exec(); void Close() = 0; DerivedThread.cpp [...] #include "DerivedThread.cpp" [...] int DerivedThread::exec() { //code to be executed do { cout << "Thread executed" << endl; usleep(1000000); } while (true); //dummy, just to let it run for a while } [...] Basically, I am calling this like the here: DerivedThread *thread; cout << "Creating Thread" << endl; thread = new DerivedThread(); cout << "Created thread, starting..." << endl; thread->start(); cout << "Started thread" << endl; cout << "Creating 2nd Thread" << endl; thread = new DerivedThread(); cout << "Created 2nd thread, starting..." << endl; thread->start(); cout << "Started 2nd thread" << endl; What is working great if I am only starting one of these Threads , but if I start multiple which should run together (not synced, only parallel) . But I discovered, that the thread is created, then as it tries to execute it (via start) the problem seems to block until the thread has closed. After that the next Thread is processed. I thought that pthread would do it unblocked for me, so what did I wrong? A sample output might be: Creating Thread [Thread] Thread Init Created thread, starting... [Thread] Created thread [Thread] exec_thread function in thread [Thread] Execute Thread executed Thread executed Thread executed Thread executed Thread executed Thread executed Thread executed .... Until Thread 1 is not terminated, a Thread 2 won't be created not executed. The process above is executed in an other class. Just for the information: I am trying to create a multi threaded server. The concept is like this: MultiThreadedServer Class has a main loop, like this one: ::inet::ServerSock *sock; //just a simple self made wrapper class for sockets DerivedThread *thread; for (;;) { sock = new ::inet::ServerSock(); this->Socket->accept( *sock ); cout << "Creating Thread" << endl; //Threads (according to code sample above) thread = new DerivedThread(sock); //I did not mentoine the parameter before as it was not neccesary, in fact, I pass the socket handle with the connected socket to the thread cout << "Created thread, starting..." << endl; thread->start(); cout << "Started thread" << endl; } So I thought that this would loop over and over and wait for new connections to accept. and when a new client arrives, I am creating a new thread and give the thread the connected socket as a parameter. In the DerivedThread::exec I am doing the handling for the connected client. Like: [...] do { [...] if (this-sock_-read( Buffer, sizeof(PacketStruc) ) 0) { cout << "[Handler_Base] Recv Packet" << endl; //handle the packet } else { Connected = false; } delete Buffer; } while ( Connected ); So I loop in the created thread as long as the client keeps the connection. I think, that the socket may cause the blocking behaviour. Edit: I figured out, that it is not the read() loop in the DerivedThread Class as I simply replaced it with a loop over a simple cout-usleep part. It did also only execute the first one and after first thread finished, the 2nd one was executed. Many thanks and best regards, Sebastian

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  • Hibernate noob fetch join problem

    - by Bruce
    Hi all I have two classes, Test2 and Test3. Test2 has an attribute test3 that is an instance of Test3. In other words, I have a unidirectional OneToOne association, with test2 having a reference to test3. When I select Test2 from the db, I can see that a separate select is being made to get the details of the associated test3 class. This is the famous 1+N selects problem. To fix this to use a single select, I am trying to use the fetch=join annotation, which I understand to be @Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN) However, with fetch set to join, I still see separate selects. Here are the relevant portions of my setup.. hibernate.cfg.xml: <property name="max_fetch_depth">2</property> Test2: public class Test2 { @OneToOne (cascade=CascadeType.ALL , fetch=FetchType.EAGER) @JoinColumn (name="test3_id") @Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN) public Test3 getTest3() { return test3; } NB I set the FetchType to EAGER out of desperation, even though it defaults to EAGER anyway for OneToOne mappings, but it made no difference. Thanks for any help! Edit: I've pretty much given up on trying to use FetchMode.JOIN - can anyone confirm that they have got it to work ie produce a left outer join? In the docs I see that "Usually, the mapping document is not used to customize fetching. Instead, we keep the default behavior, and override it for a particular transaction, using left join fetch in HQL" If I do a left join fetch instead: query = session.createQuery("from Test2 t2 left join fetch t2.test3"); then I do indeed get the results I want - ie a left outer join in the query.

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  • Need help in SQL and Sequel involving inner join and where/filter

    - by mhd
    Need help transfer sql to sequel: SQL: SELECT table_t.curr_id FROM table_t INNER JOIN table_c ON table_c.curr_id = table_t.curr_id INNER JOIN table_b ON table_b.bic = table_t.bic WHERE table_c.alpha_id = 'XXX' AND table_b.name='Foo'; I'm stuck in the sequel, I don't know how to filter, so far like this: cid= table_t.select(:curr_id). join(:table_c, :curr_id=>:curr_id). join(:table_b, :bic=>:bic). filter( ????? ) Answer with better idiom than above is appreciated as well.Tnx. UPDATE: I have to modify a little to make it works cid = DB[:table_t].select(:table_t__curr_id). join(:table_c, :curr_id=>:curr_id). join(:table_b, :bic=>:table_t__bic). #add table_t or else ERROR: column table_c.bic does not exist filter(:table_c__alpha_id => 'XXX', :table_b__name => 'Foo') without filter, cid = DB[:table_t].select(:table_t__curr_id). join(:table_c, :curr_id=>:curr_id, :alpha_id=>'XXX'). join(:table_b, :bic=>:table_t__bic, :name=>'Foo') btw I use pgsql 9.0

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  • Change query to use a LEFT join

    - by Craig
    I have a query which is failing, as it needs to be using LEFT JOIN, as opposed to the default INNER JOIN used by the 'join' syntax: var users = (from u in this._context.Users join p in this._context.Profiles on u.ProfileID equals p.ID join vw in this._context.vw_Contacts on u.ContactID equals vw.ID orderby u.Code select new { ID = u.ID, profileId = p.ID, u.ContactID, u.Code, u.UserName, vw.FileAs, p.Name, u.LastLogout, u.Inactive, u.Disabled }).ToList(); How would i re-write this so that is utilises a LEFT join?

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  • How can you access two identically-named columns in a MySQL LEFT JOIN query?

    - by George Edison
    I have two tables. table_x: id INT(11) tag INT(11) table_tags: id INT(11) name VARCHAR(255) Then I use PHP to perform the following query: SELECT * FROM table_x LEFT JOIN table_tags ON table_x.tag = table_tags.id The only problem is: how do I access table_x.id and table_tags.id in the results? Here is the PHP code: $query = "SELECT * FROM table_x LEFT JOIN table_tags ON table_x.tag = table_tags.id"; $results = mysql_query($query); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($results)) { // how do I now access table_x.id and table_tags.id ??? }

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  • Inequality joins, Asynchronous transformations and Lookups : SSIS

    - by jamiet
    It is pretty much accepted by SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) developers that synchronous transformations are generally quicker than asynchronous transformations (for a description of synchronous and asynchronous transformations go read Asynchronous and synchronous data flow components). Notice I said “generally” and not “always”; there are circumstances where using asynchronous transformations can be beneficial and in this blog post I’ll demonstrate such a scenario, one that is pretty common when building data warehouses. Imagine I have a [Customer] dimension table that manages information about all of my customers as a slowly-changing dimension. If that is a type 2 slowly changing dimension then you will likely have multiple rows per customer in that table. Furthermore you might also have datetime fields that indicate the effective time period of each member record. Here is such a table that contains data for four dimension members {Terry, Max, Henry, Horace}: Notice that we have multiple records per customer and that the [SCDStartDate] of a record is equivalent to the [SCDEndDate] of the record that preceded it (if there was one). (Note that I am on record as saying I am not a fan of this technique of storing an [SCDEndDate] but for the purposes of clarity I have included it here.) Anyway, the idea here is that we will have some incoming data containing [CustomerName] & [EffectiveDate] and we need to use those values to lookup [Customer].[CustomerId]. The logic will be: Lookup a [CustomerId] WHERE [CustomerName]=[CustomerName] AND [SCDStartDate] <= [EffectiveDate] AND [EffectiveDate] <= [SCDEndDate] The conventional approach to this would be to use a full cached lookup but that isn’t an option here because we are using inequality conditions. The obvious next step then is to use a non-cached lookup which enables us to change the SQL statement to use inequality operators: Let’s take a look at the dataflow: Notice these are all synchronous components. This approach works just fine however it does have the limitation that it has to issue a SQL statement against your lookup set for every row thus we can expect the execution time of our dataflow to increase linearly in line with the number of rows in our dataflow; that’s not good. OK, that’s the obvious method. Let’s now look at a different way of achieving this using an asynchronous Merge Join transform coupled with a Conditional Split. I’ve shown it post-execution so that I can include the row counts which help to illustrate what is going on here: Notice that there are more rows output from our Merge Join component than on the input. That is because we are joining on [CustomerName] and, as we know, we have multiple records per [CustomerName] in our lookup set. Notice also that there are two asynchronous components in here (the Sort and the Merge Join). I have embedded a video below that compares the execution times for each of these two methods. The video is just over 8minutes long. View on Vimeo  For those that can’t be bothered watching the video I’ll tell you the results here. The dataflow that used the Lookup transform took 36 seconds whereas the dataflow that used the Merge Join took less than two seconds. An illustration in case it is needed: Pretty conclusive proof that in some scenarios it may be quicker to use an asynchronous component than a synchronous one. Your mileage may of course vary. The scenario outlined here is analogous to performance tuning procedural SQL that uses cursors. It is common to eliminate cursors by converting them to set-based operations and that is effectively what we have done here. Our non-cached lookup is performing a discrete operation for every single row of data, exactly like a cursor does. By eliminating this cursor-in-disguise we have dramatically sped up our dataflow. I hope all of that proves useful. You can download the package that I demonstrated in the video from my SkyDrive at http://cid-550f681dad532637.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Public/BlogShare/20100514/20100514%20Lookups%20and%20Merge%20Joins.zip Comments are welcome as always. @Jamiet Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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  • SQL Server 2008: Comparing similar records - Need to still display an ID for a record when the JOIN has no matches

    - by aleppke
    I'm writing a SQL Server 2008 report that will compare genetic test results for animals. A genetic test consists of an animalId, a gene and a result. Not all animals will have the same genes tested but I need to be able to display the results side-by-side for a given set of animals and only include the genes that are present for at least one of the selected animals. My TestResult table has the following data in it: animalId gene result 1 a CC 1 b CT 1 d TT 2 a CT 2 b CT 2 c TT 3 a CT 3 b TT 3 c CC 3 d CC 3 e TT I need to generate a result set that looks like the following. Note that Animal 3 is not being displayed (user doesn't want to see its results) and neither are results for Gene "e" since neither Animal 1 nor Animal 2 have a result for that gene: SireID SireResult CalfID CalfResult Gene 1 CC 2 CT a 1 CT 2 CT b 1 NULL 2 TT c 1 TT 2 NULL d But I can only manage to get this: SireID SireResult CalfID CalfResult Gene 1 CC 2 CT a 1 CT 2 CT b NULL NULL 2 TT c 1 TT NULL NULL d This is the query I'm using. SELECT sire.animalId AS 'SireID' ,sire.result AS 'SireResult' ,calf.animalId AS 'CalfID' ,calf.result AS 'CalfResult' ,sire.gene AS 'Gene' FROM (SELECT s.animalId ,s.result ,m1.gene FROM (SELECT [animalId ] ,result ,gene FROM TestResult WHERE animalId IN (1)) s FULL JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT gene FROM TestResult WHERE animalId IN (1, 2)) m1 ON s.marker = m1.marker) sire FULL JOIN (SELECT c.animalId ,c.result ,m2.gene FROM (SELECT animalId ,result ,gene FROM TestResult WHERE animalId IN (2)) c FULL JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT gene FROM TestResult WHERE animalId IN (1, 2)) m2 ON c.gene = m2.gene) calf ON sire.gene = calf.gene How do I get the SireIDs and CalfIDs to display their values when they don't have a record associated with a particular Gene? I was thinking of using COALESCE but I can't figure out how to specify the correct animalId to pass in. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Can I join two tables whereby the joined table is sorted by a certain column?

    - by Ferdy
    I'm not much of a database guru so I need some help on a query I'm working on. In my photo community project I want to richly visualize tags by not only showing the tag name and counter (# of images inside them), I also want to show a thumb of the most popular image inside the tag (most karma). The table setup is as follow: Image table holds basic image metadata, important is the karma field Imagefile table holds multiple entries per image, one for each format Tag table holds tag definitions Tag_map table maps tags to images In my usual trial and error query authoring I have come this far: SELECT * FROM (SELECT tag.name, tag.id, COUNT(tag_map.tag_id) as cnt FROM tag INNER JOIN tag_map ON (tag.id = tag_map.tag_id) INNER JOIN image ON tag_map.image_id = image.id INNER JOIN imagefile on image.id = imagefile.image_id WHERE imagefile.type = 'smallthumb' GROUP BY tag.name ORDER BY cnt DESC) as T1 WHERE cnt > 0 ORDER BY cnt DESC [column clause of inner query snipped for the sake of simplicity] This query gives me somewhat what I need. The outer query makes sure that only tags are returned for which there is at least 1 image. The inner query returns the tag details, such as its name, count (# of images) and the thumb. In addition, I can sort the inner query as I want (by most images, alphabetically, most recent, etc) So far so good. The problem however is that this query does not match the most popular image (most karma) of the tag, it seems to always take the most recent one in the tag. How can I make sure that the most popular image is matched with the tag?

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  • How to join multiple tables using LINQ-to-SQL?

    - by user603245
    Hi! I'm quite new to linq, so please bear with me. I'm working on a asp.net webpage and I want to add a "search function" (textbox where user inputs name or surname or both or just parts of it and gets back all related information). I have two tables ("Person" and "Application") and I want to display some columns from Person (name and surname) and some from Application (score, position,...). I know how I could do it using sql, but I want to learn more about linq and thus I want to do it using linq. For now I got two main ideas: 1.) var person = dataContext.GetTable<Person>(); var application = dataContext.GetTable<Application>(); var p1 = from p in Person where(p.Name.Contains(tokens[0]) || p.Surname.Contains(tokens[1])) select new {Id = p.Id, Name = p.Name, Surname = p.Surname}; //or maybe without this line //I don't know how to do the following properly var result = from a in Application where a.FK_Application.Equals(index) //just to get the "right" type of application //this is not right, but I don't know how to do it better join p1 on p1.Id == a.FK_Person 2.) The other idea is just to go through "Application" and instead of "join p1 ..." to use var result = from a in Application where a.FK_Application.Equals(index) //just to get the "right" type of application join p from Person on p.Id == a.FK_Person where p.Name.Contains(tokens[0]) || p.Surname.Contains(tokens[1]) I think that first idea is better for queries without the first "where" condition, which I also intended to use. Regardless of what is better (faster), I still don't know how to do it using linq. Also in the end I wanted to display / select just some parts (columns) of the result (joined tables + filtering conditions). I really want to know how to do such things using linq as I'll be dealing also with some similar problems with local data, where I can use only linq. Could somebody please explain me how to do it, I spent days trying to figure it out and searching on the internet for answers. Thank you for your time.

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  • How can I join 3 tables with mysql & php?

    - by steven
    check out the page [url]http://www.mujak.com/test/test3.php[/url] It pulls the users Post,username,xbc/xlk tags etc which is perfect... BUT since I am pulling information from a MyBB bulletin board system, its quite different. When replying, people are are allowed to change the "Thread Subject" by simplying replying and changing it. I dont want it to SHOW the changed subject title, just the original title of all posts in that thread. By default it repies with "RE:thread title". They can easily edit this and it will show up in the "Subject" cell & people wont know which thread it was posted in because they changed their thread to when replying to the post. So I just want to keep the orginial thread title when they are replying. Make sense~?? Tables:mybb_users Fields:uid,username Tables:mybb_userfields Fields:ufid Tables:mybb_posts Fields:pid,tid,replyto,subject,ufid,username,uid,message Tables:mybb_threads Fields:tid,fid,subject,uid,username,lastpost,lastposter,lastposteruid I haev tried multiple queries with no success: $result = mysql_query(" SELECT * FROM mybb_users LEFT JOIN (mybb_posts, mybb_userfields, mybb_threads) ON ( mybb_userfields.ufid=mybb_posts.uid AND mybb_threads.tid=mybb_posts.tid AND mybb_users.uid=mybb_userfields.ufid ) WHERE mybb_posts.fid=42"); $result = mysql_query(" SELECT * FROM mybb_users LEFT JOIN (mybb_posts, mybb_userfields, mybb_threads) ON ( mybb_userfields.ufid=mybb_posts.uid AND mybb_threads.tid=mybb_posts.tid AND mybb_users.uid=mybb_posts.uid ) WHERE mybb_threads.fid=42"); $result = mysql_query(" SELECT * FROM mybb_posts LEFT JOIN (mybb_userfields, mybb_threads) ON ( mybb_userfields.ufid=mybb_posts.uid AND mybb_threads.tid=mybb_posts.tid ) WHERE mybb_posts.fid=42");

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  • T-SQL - Left Outer Joins - Filters in the where clause versus the on clause.

    - by Greg Potter
    I am trying to compare two tables to find rows in each table that is not in the other. Table 1 has a groupby column to create 2 sets of data within table one. groupby number ----------- ----------- 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 4 Table 2 has only one column. number ----------- 1 3 4 So Table 1 has the values 1,2,4 in group 2 and Table 2 has the values 1,3,4. I expect the following result when joining for Group 2: `Table 1 LEFT OUTER Join Table 2` T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- 2 2 NULL `Table 2 LEFT OUTER Join Table 1` T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- NULL NULL 3 The only way I can get this to work is if I put a where clause for the first join: PRINT 'Table 1 LEFT OUTER Join Table 2, with WHERE clause' select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table1 LEFT OUTER join table2 --****************************** on table1.number = table2.number --****************************** WHERE table1.groupby = 2 AND table2.number IS NULL and a filter in the ON for the second: PRINT 'Table 2 LEFT OUTER Join Table 1, with ON clause' select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table2 LEFT OUTER join table1 --****************************** on table2.number = table1.number AND table1.groupby = 2 --****************************** WHERE table1.number IS NULL Can anyone come up with a way of not using the filter in the on clause but in the where clause? The context of this is I have a staging area in a database and I want to identify new records and records that have been deleted. The groupby field is the equivalent of a batchid for an extract and I am comparing the latest extract in a temp table to a the batch from yesterday stored in a partioneds table, which also has all the previously extracted batches as well. Code to create table 1 and 2: create table table1 (number int, groupby int) create table table2 (number int) insert into table1 (number, groupby) values (1, 1) insert into table1 (number, groupby) values (2, 1) insert into table1 (number, groupby) values (1, 2) insert into table2 (number) values (1) insert into table1 (number, groupby) values (2, 2) insert into table2 (number) values (3) insert into table1 (number, groupby) values (4, 2) insert into table2 (number) values (4) EDIT: A bit more context - depending on where I put the filter I different results. As stated above the where clause gives me the correct result in one state and the ON in the other. I am looking for a consistent way of doing this. Where - select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table1 LEFT OUTER join table2 --****************************** on table1.number = table2.number --****************************** WHERE table1.groupby = 2 AND table2.number IS NULL Result: T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- 2 2 NULL On - select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table1 LEFT OUTER join table2 --****************************** on table1.number = table2.number AND table1.groupby = 2 --****************************** WHERE table2.number IS NULL Result: T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- 1 1 NULL 2 2 NULL 1 2 NULL Where (table 2 this time) - select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table2 LEFT OUTER join table1 --****************************** on table2.number = table1.number AND table1.groupby = 2 --****************************** WHERE table1.number IS NULL Result: T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- NULL NULL 3 On - select table1.groupby as [T1_Groupby], table1.number as [T1_Number], table2.number as [T2_Number] from table2 LEFT OUTER join table1 --****************************** on table2.number = table1.number --****************************** WHERE table1.number IS NULL AND table1.groupby = 2 Result: T1_Groupby T1_Number T2_Number ----------- ----------- ----------- (0) rows returned

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  • Clean file separators in Ruby without File.join

    - by kerry
    I love anything that can be done to clean up source code and make it more readable.  So, when I came upon this post, I was pretty excited.  This is precisely the kind of thing I love. I have never felt good about ‘file separator’ strings b/c of their ugliness and verbosity. In Java we have: 1: String path = "lib"+File.separator+"etc"; And in Ruby a popular method is: 1: path = File.join("lib","etc") Now, by overloading the ‘/’ operator on a String in Ruby: 1: class String 2: def /(str_to_join) 3: File.join(self, str_to_join) 4: end 5: end We can now write: 1: path = 'lib'/'src'/'main' Brilliant!

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  • MySQL 5 multiple JOIN syntax not working in MySQL 4

    - by draco
    Hello all, the current SQL query works fine locally on MAMP 1.8.4 running MySQL 5.1.37. SELECT EL.log_actions, EL.log_date, EL.log_value, EL.log_type, EA.admins_name, EU.users_name, EU.users_matric FROM events_log EL JOIN events_users EU USING (users_id) JOIN events_admins EA USING (admins_id) ORDER BY EL.log_id DESC LIMIT 0, 10 However, when I bring this query live to production server which is running MySQL 4.1.22-standard, the following error occurred (whether or not there are data in the entry). A Database Error Occurred Error Number: 1054 Unknown column 'sceclub_exclaim2007.EU.admins_id' in 'on clause' SELECT EL.log_actions, EL.log_date, EL.log_value, EL.log_type, EA.admins_name, EU.users_name, EU.users_matric FROM events_log EL JOIN events_users EU USING (users_id) JOIN events_admins EA USING (admins_id) ORDER BY EL.log_id DESC LIMIT 0, 20 This is based on CodeIgniter 1.7.2 and both production and development are running the same set of database. Database tables events_users: users_id users_name users_credits users_matric users_redeem events_admins: admins_id admins_email admins_name admins_pass admins_date admins_modified admins_last_login events_attendance: attendance_id users_id events_id events_events: events_id events_name events_venue events_time events_desc events_pass events_log:log_id admins_id log_actions log_date log_value users_id log_type I'm new to MySQL so I'm not aware of any difference in versions or what could be a possible cause, thank you in advance! Tried googling for MySQL4 difference to no avail too. Also tried using SELECT EL.log_actions, EL.log_date, EL.log_value, EL.log_type, EA.admins_name, EU.users_name, EU.users_matric FROM events_log EL JOIN events_users EU where EL.users_id = EU.users_id JOIN events_admins EA USING EL.admins_id = EA.admins_id ORDER BY EL.log_id DESC LIMIT 0, 10 But then I got the error in both production and development. A Database Error Occurred Error Number: 1064 You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'JOIN events_admins EA USING EL.admins_id = EA.admins_id ORDER BY' at line 8 SELECT EL.log_actions, EL.log_date, EL.log_value, EL.log_type, EA.admins_name, EU.users_name, EU.users_matric FROM events_log EL JOIN events_users EU where EL.users_id = EU.users_id JOIN events_admins EA USING EL.admins_id = EA.admins_id ORDER BY EL.log_id DESC LIMIT 0, 20 If you can point me to some resources where I can read up more on MySQL 4 syntax to achieve the same thing effect like I did with MySQL 5 syntax, please let me know. Thanks again!

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  • How to avoid Cartesian product in an INNER JOIN query?

    - by flhe
    I have 6 tables, let's call them a,b,c,d,e,f. Now I want to search all the colums (except the ID columns) of all tables for a certain word, let's say 'Joe'. What I did was, I made INNER JOINS over all the tables and then used LIKE to search the columns. INNER JOIN ... ON INNER JOIN ... ON.......etc. WHERE a.firstname ~* 'Joe' OR a.lastname ~* 'Joe' OR b.favorite_food ~* 'Joe' OR c.job ~* 'Joe'.......etc. The results are correct, I get all the colums I was looking for. But I also get some kind of cartesian product, I get 2 or more lines with almost the same results. How can i avoid this? I want so have each line only once, since the results should appear on a web search.

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  • PostgreSQL JOIN with array type with array elements order, how to implement?

    - by Adiasz
    Hello I have two tables in database: CREATE TABLE items( id SERIAL PRIMARy KEY, ... some other fields ); This table contains come data row with unique ID. CREATE TABLE some_choosen_data_in_order( id SERIAL PRIMARy KEY, id_items INTEGER[], ); This table contains array type field. Each row contains values of IDs from table "items" in specyfic order. For example: {2,4,233,5}. Now, I want to get data from table "items" for choosen row from table "some_choosen_data_in_order" with order for elements in array type. The my attempt is JOIN: SELECT I.* FROM items AS I JOIN some_choosen_data_in_order AS S ON I.id = ANY(S.id_items) WHERE S.id = ? Second attempt was subquery like: SELECT I.* FROM items AS I WHERE I.id = ANY (ARRAY[SELECT S.id_items FROM some_choosen_data_in_order WHERE id = ?]) But none of them keep IDs order in array field. Could You help me, how to get data from "items" table with correspond with array IDs order from "some_choosen_data_in_order" table for specyfic row?

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  • SQL: How to join a view with a table?

    - by gamerzfuse
    CREATE VIEW qtyorderedview AS SELECT titleditors.title_id, titleditors.ed_id, salesdetails.title_id, salesdetails.qty_shipped FROM titleditors, salesdetails WHERE titleditors.title_id = salesdetails.title_id I am using the above SQL statement to create a view. I need to show Editors First Name, Last Name, City where they shipped more than 50 books. The three tables I have are: create table editors ( ed_id char(11), ed_lname varchar(20), ed_fname varchar(20), ed_pos varchar(12), phone varchar(10), address varchar(30), city varchar(20), state char(2), zip char(5), ed_boss char(11)); create table titleditors ( ed_id char(11), title_id char(6), ed_ord integer); create table salesdetails ( sonum integer, qty_ordered integer, qty_shipped integer, title_id char(6), date_shipped date); Can anyone tell me what the second Join code would be to create this result? My first view works fine, but I don't know how to join it to the second table to achieve this result? I didn't make the tables, I just have to work with what I was given. Thanks in advance!

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  • How can I do a right outer join where both tables have a where clause?

    - by cdeszaq
    Here's the scenario: I have 2 tables: CREATE TABLE dbo.API_User ( id int NOT NULL, name nvarchar(255) NOT NULL, authorization_key varchar(255) NOT NULL, is_active bit NOT NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] CREATE TABLE dbo.Single_Sign_On_User ( id int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1), API_User_id int NOT NULL, external_id varchar(255) NOT NULL, user_id int NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] What I am trying to return is the following: is_active for a given authorization_key The Single_Sign_On_User.id that matches the external_id/API_User_id pair if it exists or NULL if there is no such pair When I try this query: SELECT Single_Sign_On_User.id, API_User.is_active FROM API_User LEFT OUTER JOIN Single_Sign_On_User ON Single_Sign_On_User.API_User_id = API_User.id WHERE Single_Sign_On_User.external_id = 'test_ext_id' AND API_User.authorization_key = 'test' where the "test" API_User record exists but the "test_ext_id" record does not, and with no other values in either table, I get no records returned. When I use: SELECT Single_Sign_On_User.id, API_User.is_active FROM API_User LEFT OUTER JOIN Single_Sign_On_User ON Single_Sign_On_User.API_User_id = API_User.id WHERE API_User.authorization_key = 'test' I get the results I expect (NULL, 1), but that query doesn't allow me to find the "test_ext_id" record if it exists but would give me all records associated with the "test" API_User record. How can I get the results I am after?

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  • Is using Natural Join or Implicit column names not a good practice when writing SQL in a programming

    - by Jian Lin
    When we use Natural Join, we are joining the tables when both table have the same column names. But what if we write it in PHP and then the DBA add some more fields to both tables, then the Natural Join can break? The same goes for Insert, if we do a insert into gifts values (NULL, "chocolate", "choco.jpg", now()); then it will break the code as well as contaminating the table when the DBA adds some fields to the table (example as column 2 or 3). So it is always best to spell out the column names when the SQL statements are written inside a programming language and stored in a file in a big project.

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  • What is difference between Where and Join in linq ?

    - by Freshblood
    hello What is difference between of these 2 queries ? they are completely equal ? from order in myDB.OrdersSet from person in myDB.PersonSet from product in myDB.ProductSet where order.Persons_Id==person.Id && order.Products_Id==product.Id select new { order.Id, person.Name, person.SurName, product.Model,UrunAdi=product.Name }; and from order in myDB.OrdersSet join person in myDB.PersonSet on order.Persons_Id equals person.Id join product in myDB.ProductSet on order.Products_Id equals product.Id select new { order.Id, person.Name, person.SurName, product.Model,UrunAdi=product.Name };

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  • How should I join these 3 SQL queries in Oracle?

    - by Nazgulled
    I have these 3 queries: SELECT title, year, MovieGenres(m.mid) genres, MovieDirectors(m.mid) directors, MovieWriters(m.mid) writers, synopsis, poster_url FROM movies m WHERE m.mid = 1; SELECT AVG(rating) FROM movie_ratings WHERE mid = 1; SELECT COUNT(rating) FROM movie_ratings WHERE mid = 1; And I need to join them into a single query. I was able to do it like this: SELECT title, year, MovieGenres(m.mid) genres, MovieDirectors(m.mid) directors, MovieWriters(m.mid) writers, synopsis, poster_url, AVG(rating) average, COUNT(rating) count FROM movies m INNER JOIN movie_ratings mr ON m.mid = mr.mid WHERE m.mid = 1 GROUP BY title, year, MovieGenres(m.mid), MovieDirectors(m.mid), MovieWriters(m.mid), synopsis, poster_url; But I don't really like that "huge" GROUP BY, is there a simpler way to do it?

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  • MySQL : select/join on strings as fieldnames - is this possible?

    - by Dylan
    I can retrieve all column names from table 'categories' with : SELECT col.column_name FROM information_schema.columns AS col WHERE col.table_schema= database() and col.table_name = "categories" This produces a resultset like this : column_name ----------------- categoryID name description I can retrieve all values for a specific category with : SELECT * FROM categories AS c WHERE c.categoryID=12345 this results in a resultset like this: categoryID | name | description ------------------------------------------------ 12345 | test | this is a test Now I would like to get some kind of join of above selects to get a resultset that looks something like this : fieldname | value ---------------------------------------- categoryID | 12345 name | test description | this is a test Does anyone know if this is possible ? Can you do a join on strings that come from another select ?? The reason for this is that I'm writing a universal stored procedure that outputs all fields + their values from a table, without knowing what fields there are in the table. (The tablename is given in a parameter)

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  • What is wrong with my SQL syntax for an UPDATE with a JOIN?

    - by Phil H
    I have two tables, related by a common key. So TableA has key AID and value Name and TableB has keys AID, BID and values Name, Value: AID Name 74 Alpha AID BID Name Value 74 4 Beta Brilliance I would like to update the TableB Value here from Brilliance to Barmy, using just the Name fields. I thought I could do it via an UPDATE containing a JOIN, but Access (I know...) is complaining with 'Syntax error (missing operator) in query expression ' and then everything from 'Barmy' here: UPDATE tB SET tB.BValue='Barmy' FROM TableB tB INNER JOIN TableA tA ON tB.AID=tA.AID WHERE tB.Name='Beta' AND tA.Name='Alpha'; What is my heinous crime? Or is it just Access not conforming?

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