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• Real world examples of Ecmascript functions returning a Reference?

  - by Bergi

  Read the EcmaScript specification, section 8.7 The Reference Specification Type: The Reference type is used to explain the behaviour of such operators as delete, typeof, and the assignment operators. […] A Reference is a resolved name binding. Function calls are permitted to return references. This possibility is admitted purely for the sake of host objects. No built-in ECMAScript function defined by this specification returns a reference and there is no provision for a user-defined function to return a reference. Those last two sentences impressed me. With this, you could do things like coolHostFn() = value (valid syntax, btw). So my question is: Are there any EcmaScript implementations that define host function objects which result in Reference values?

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• C++ include header conventions

  - by user231536

  Suppose I have a file X.h which defines a class X, whose methods are implemented in X.cc. The file X.h includes a file Y.h because it needs Y to define class X. In X.cc, we can refer to Y because X.h has already included Y.h. Should I still include Y.h in X.cc ? I understand that I don't need to and I can depend on header guards to prevent multiple inclusions. But on the one hand, including Y.h makes X.cc a little more independent of X.h (can't be completely independent of course). What is the accepted practice? Another example: including <iostream> in both .h and .cc files. I see some people do this and some don't.

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• Haskell: Defaulting constraints to type

  - by yairchu

  Consider this example: applyKTimes :: Integral i => i -> (a -> a) -> a -> a applyKTimes 0 _ x = x applyKTimes k f x = applyKTimes (k-1) f (f x) applyThrice :: (a -> a) -> a -> a applyThrice = applyKTimes 3 The 3 in applyThrice is defaulted by GHC to an Integer as shown when compiling with -Wall: Warning: Defaulting the following constraint(s) to type 'Integer' 'Integral t' arising from a use of 'applyKTimes' So I guess that Integer is the default Integral a => a. Is there a way to define "default types" for other constraints too? Is using default types bad practice? (it does complain when using -Wall..)

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• An exception to the "only one implementation" rule ?

  - by ereOn

  While I was reading the accepted answer of this question, I had the following question: Typically, methods are defined in header files (.hpp or whatever), and implementation in source files (.cpp or whatever). One of the main reasons it is bad practice to ever include a "source file" (#include <source_file.cpp>) is that its methods implementation would then be duplicated, resulting in linking errors. When one writes: #ifndef BRITNEYSPEARS_HPP #define BRITNEYSPEARS_HPP class BritneySpears { public: BritneySpears() {}; // Here the constructor has implementation. }; #endif /* BRITNEYSPEARS_HPP */ He is giving the implementation of the constructor (here an "empty" implementation, but still). But why then including this header file multiple times (aka. on different source files) will not generate a "duplicate definition" error at link time ?

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• how to diff / align Python lists using arbitrary matching function?

  - by James Tauber

  I'd like to align two lists in a similar way to what difflib.Differ would do except I want to be able to define a match function for comparing items, not just use string equality, and preferably a match function that can return a number between 0.0 and 1.0, not just a boolean. So, for example, say I had the two lists: L1 = [('A', 1), ('B', 3), ('C', 7)] L2 = ['A', 'b', 'C'] and I want to be able to write a match function like this: def match(item1, item2): if item1[0] == item2: return 1.0 elif item1[0].lower() == item2.lower(): return 0.5 else: return 0 and then do: d = Differ(match_func=match) d.compare(L1, L2) and have it diff using the match function. Like difflib, I'd rather the algorithm gave more intuitive Ratcliff-Obershelp type results rather than a purely minimal Levenshtein distance.

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• How to prevent swallowing exceptions caused by unset expectations for a mocked object?

  - by Schultz9999

  I am looking for a way to modify catch block depending on if it's executed during the unit test run or not. The purpose is basically to detect/setup mock expectations which are swallowed because catch doesn't rethrow. I am using MSTest. One obvious thing is using preprocessor but I don't think it works. Especially if to use DEBUG define. There should be an easy way to detect that, shouldn't it? I must have been looking for something wrong because I couldn't find much info on that. try {...} catch(Exception) { Log(...); #if DEBUG throw; #endif }

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• C Structure Pointer Problem

  - by Halo

  I have this struct; #define BUFSIZE 10 struct shared_data { pthread_mutex_t th_mutex_queue; int count; int data_buffer_allocation[BUFSIZE]; int data_buffers[BUFSIZE][100]; }; and I want to allocate one of the data_buffers for a process, for that purpose I execute the following function; int allocate_data_buffer(int pid) { int i; for (i = 0; i < BUFSIZE; i++) { if (sdata_ptr->data_buffer_allocation[i] == NULL) { sdata_ptr->data_buffer_allocation[i] = pid; return i; } } return -1; } but the compiler warns me that I'm comparing pointer to a value. When I put a & in front of sdata_ptr it calms down but I'm not sure if it will work. Isn't what I wrote above supposed to be true?

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• Can functions like sin() be redefined, in Fortran, C or Java?

  - by EOL

  Can a mathematical function like sin() be redefined, in Fortran, C or Java code, while preserving the default behavior of other mathematical functions like cos()? Or can another function named sin() but that accepts different argument types be defined in addition to the built-in sin()? I am interested in general features of these languages (I am thinking of applications like the implementation of non-usual number algebras). I tried to define a sin() function in a Fortran 95 program, but the intrinsic sin() function was called instead… Is there a way around this? what about C and Java?

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• Relational databases are not suited for my application - what's the alternative?

  - by waitinforatrain

  Hi, I'm writing a CMS in PHP that allows the user to define different fields (e.g. a Blog page could have fields for Title (string), Content (rich text), Picture (file)). I need the user to be able to add and remove fields dynamically, and the only way I can think of to do it with relational DBs is to serialise all these values and store them in one cell. This seems like a slow approach and like I'm trying to fit something dynamic within a static structure. Could someone recommend anything that is PHP-compatible that would make this easier?

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• Declaration for object for which creation is wrapped in macro

  - by learner

  The following macro is defined in our code: #define MSGMacro(obj, arg) MyPaymentClass obj(arg) Where MSGMacro is used to creates the object of type MyPaymentClass using code like MSGMacro(Card, 1); MSGMacro(Cash, 2); ---- ---- //removed unwanted things to keep question cleaner. All the above code is in one cpp file, Now the problem is how we can expose these two objects of MyPaymentClass to other units in my project? i.e. I want to use Card and Cash in other CPP files. Please suggest how I can give the declaration for the same in some header file?

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• Can I join 2+ styles together into a superstyle?

  - by Kurru

  Hi I was looking to join 2 styles together to make a super style for easy use and customisation of my page. Is it possible to define something like this? (if so how) .bold { font-weight: bold;} .color1 {color: white;} .boldColor {.bold; .color1;} where .boldColor is effectively .boldColor {font-weight:bold; color:white;} I want this so that I can have styles thoughout the page and be able to easily change the colors in many places in 1 place. I'm currently using <p class="bold color"> but some of my class defs are becoming long so I'd like to be able to use <p class="boldColor"> Thanks

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• Looking for ideas on automatically arranging a set of objects (furniture) in a virtual room in AS3

  - by raf

  First of all, I don't want to visually arrange 3D models dragging them with the mouse, all I want is: Given a room of certain dimensions (L,W,H) and given a set of elements like beds, chairs, etc (with L,W,H dimensions, of course) I want to automatically arrange those elements to take advantage of the space as much as I can. So I want to be able to put as much furniture as I can in a given room. At the end I need to represent the arranged items visually, inside the room. My first thought was to use an array of items and sorting it with array.sortOn(["l","w","h"] Array.NUMERIC) and then define a gap between the objects and make the maths to put the objects one next to another, etc. but that isn't a good approach because some items may be placed on top of another ones (boxes of the same size, boxes on top of tables, etc). I really don't have experience on 3D programming, that's why I'm asking for help. Thanks in advance.

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• Is there a way to convert code to a string and vice versa in Python?

  - by Dragos Toader

  The original question was: Is there a way to declare macros in Python as they are declared in C: #define OBJWITHSIZE(_x) (sizeof _x)/(sizeof _x[0]) Here's what I'm trying to find out: Is there a way to avoid code duplication in Python? In one part of a program I'm writing, I have a function: def replaceProgramFilesPath(filenameBr): def getProgramFilesPath(): import os return os.environ.get("PROGRAMFILES") + chr(92) return filenameBr.replace("<ProgramFilesPath>",getProgramFilesPath() ) In another part, I've got this code embedded in a string that will later be output to a python file that will itself be run: """ def replaceProgramFilesPath(filenameBr): def getProgramFilesPath(): import os return os.environ.get("PROGRAMFILES") + chr(92) return filenameBr.replace("<ProgramFilesPath>",getProgramFilesPath() ) """ How can I build a "macro" that will avoid this duplication?

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• how to tesselate bezier triangles?

  - by Cheery

  My concern are quadratic bezier triangles which I'm trying to tesselate for rendering them. I've managed to implement this by subdividing the triangle recursively like described in a wikipedia page. Though I'd like to get more precision to subdivision. The problem is that I'll either get too few subdivisions or too many because the amount of surfaces doubles on every iteration of that algorithm. In particular I would need an adaptive tesselation algorithm that allows me to define the amount of segments at the edges. I'm not sure whether I can get that though so I'd also like to hear about uniform tesselation techniques. Hardest trouble I have trouble with calculating normals for a point in bezier surface, which I'm not sure whether I need, but been trying to solve out.

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• How do I do a semijoin using SQLAlchemy?

  - by Jason Baker

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_algebra#Semijoin Let's say that I have two tables: A and B. I want to make a query that would work similarly to the following SQL statement using the SQLAlchemy orm: SELECT A.* FROM A, B WHERE A.id = B.id AND B.type = 'some type'; The thing is that I'm trying to separate out A and B's logic into different places. So I'd like to make two queries that I can define in separate places: one where A uses B as a subquery, but only returns rows from A. I'm sure this is fairly easy to do, but an example would be nice if someone could show me.

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• Always require a plugin to be loaded

  - by axon

  I am writing an application with RequireJS and Knockout JS. The application includes an extension to knockout that adds ko.protectedObservable to the main knockout object. I would like this to always be available on the require'd knockout object, and not only when I specify it in the dependencies. I could concat the files together, but that seems that it should be unnecessary. Additionally, I can put knockout-protectedObservable as a dependency for knockout in the requirejs shim configuration, but that just leads to a circular dependency and it all fails to load. Edit: I've solved me issue, but seems hacky, is there a better way? -- Main.html <script type="text/javascript" src="require.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> require(['knockout'], function(ko) { require(['knockout-protectedObservable']); }); </script> -- knockout-protectedObservable.js define(['knockout'], function(ko) { ko.protectedObservable = { ... }; });

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• Is there a way to serialize automatically enums as int?

  - by FireAphis

  Hello, Is there a way to serialize enums automatically as int? Every time I define a new enum and write std::stringstream stream; stream << myenum1; stream >> myenum2; the compiler complains that the operators << and are not defined. Do you know a way to tell the compiler to treat enums as plain int's? What makes the problem harder is that, actually, the serialization is inside a template. Something like this: template <typename T> void serialize(const T& value) { std::stringstream stream; stream << value; } So I cannot add any casts :( Maybe I can specialize it somehow? Thank you.

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• Are there any Objective-C / Cocoa naming conventions for properties that are acronyms?

  - by t6d

  I have an object that models an online resource. Therefore, my object has to store the URL of the resource it belongs to. How would I name the getter and setter? MyObject *myObject = [[MyObject alloc] init]; // Set values [myObject setURL:url]; myObject.URL = url; // Get values [myObject URL]; myObject.URL; or would the following be better: MyObject *myObject = [[MyObject alloc] init]; // Set values [myObject setUrl:url]; myObject.url = url; // Get values [myObject url]; myObject.url; The former example would of course require to define the property in the following way: @property (retain, getter = URL, setter = setURL:) NSURL *url;

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• How Matlab calculates the camera view angle?

  - by iman

  I am using matlab to visualise a scene. In order to zoom in the scene, I can do that by eather: - Fix the cameraposition and the cameratarget and change the cameraviewangle.or - Fix the cameratarget and the cameraview angle and moving the camera along the viewing line (defined by the cameraPosition and the cameraTarget). I know how to set the values of cameraposition CameraTarget and viewangle, but I do not how to define the optimal view angle. In auto mode of cameraviewangle, matlab calculate the smalest view angle that capture all the scene from the specefied camera position. I appreciate any help in understanding this. Iman

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• Fallback to another existing MIME type when the required is missing in Rails

  - by fifigyuri

  I want to extend the existing supported HTML type of my site by support for iPhone. For this I registered a new MIME type. I created a layout for iphone and also converted some of the html views to iphone version. However, I did not convert all of the html.erb files. I do not see the reason to convert all views, some of them should not change, some partials simply just remain the same. I guess there should be a solution for this case. I tried to search for ways how to fallback to an existing format, but did not find any answer. Does a way to define fallback for MIME types in Rails exist? How does it work? If it doesn't exist and thus I wanted to solve the issue not the right way, what could simply solve the task of extending an existing site by another format? Thanks for your suggestions.

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• Web.xml ExceptionType

  - by andrew007

  Hi, is it possible to define two sections in the web.xml in order to catch two different exception types: <!-- general exception --> <error-page> <exception-type>**java.lang.Exception**</exception-type> <location>/generalError.jsp</location> </error-page> <!-- specific exception --> <error-page> <exception-type>org.myapp.myException</exception-type> <location>/sessionTimeout.jsp</location> </error-page> Does it has any conflict? THANKS!

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• ASP.NET/VB/SQL: trying to insert data, getting error "no value given for required parameters"

  - by Sara

  I am pretty sure this is a basic syntax error, I am new at this and basically figuring things out by trial and error... I am trying to insert data from textboxes into an Access database, where the primary key fields in tableCourse are prefix and course_number. It keeps giving me the "no value given for one or more required parameters" error. Here is my codebehind: Protected Sub Wizard1_FinishButtonClick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.WizardNavigationEventArgs) Handles Wizard1.FinishButtonClick 'Collect Data Dim myDept = txtDept.Text Dim myFirst = txtFirstName.Text Dim myLast = txtLastName.Text Dim myPrefix = txtCoursePrefix.Text Dim myNum = txtCourseNum.Text 'Define Connection Dim myConn As New OleDbConnection myConn.ConnectionString = AccessDataSource1.ConnectionString 'Create commands Dim myIns1 As New OleDbCommand("INSERT INTO tableCourse (department, name_first, name_last, prefix, course_number) VALUES (@myDept, @myFirst, @myLast, @myPrefix, @myNum)", myConn) 'Execute the commands myConn.Open() myIns1.ExecuteNonQuery() End Sub

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• Autocomplete for generic types in Eclipse

  - by AvrDragon

  "Refer to objects by their interfaces" is a good practise, as mentioned in Effective Java. So for example i prefer List<String> al = new ArrayList<String>(); over ArrayList<String> al = new ArrayList<String>(); in my code. One annoying thing is that if i type ArrayList<String> al = new and then hit Ctrl+Space in Eclipse i get ArrayList<String>() as propostal. But if i type List al = new and then hit Ctrl+Space i will get only propostal to define anonymous inner class, but not propostals such as new ArrayList<String>(), what is 99% the case, or for example new Vector<String>(). Is there any way to get the subclasses as propostals for generic types?

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• How can I get reason of page unloading in javascript's onunload event, in IE?

  - by DM

  There may be different reasons of page unloading: 1 User closes the current window. 2 User navigates to another location. 3 Clicks the Back, Forward, Refresh, or Home button. 4 User submits a form, and then browser starts to unload current page and load page with results of form submitting. (Assuming that the current window is the form's target). 5 and so on... Can I somehow know in onunload handler that the reason of unloading is p.4, i.e. moving to page with results of form submitting? I could define some flag when submiting form, but this does not solve the problem. Because response (on form submit) from web server takes some time, browser doesn't unload the current page immediately and waits response from server. And during this waiting user may close window or navigate anywhere. And I need to know whether was it indeed moving to results page or something else...?

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• How can pass parameters to a flash Movie in Delphi 2010?

  - by m-abdi

  I have imported the ShockWave flash Activex Control in my Delphi project. I can manipulate All the properties of a Flash movie file. But I need to define my own Parameters in the my own Flash file and Manipulate those parameters in the Delphi project. I know that passing parameters to a flash file is possible in the HTML script. But my project is a desktop application and i can't use it. Is it possible to get a handle to the defined parameter of a flash file in the Delphi project? in fact All i need is passing parameter to flash file in the Delphi project.

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