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  • Ruby TypeErrors involving `expected Data`

    - by Kenny Peng
    I've ran into situations where I have gotten these expected Data errors before, but they have always pointed to ActiveRecord not playing well with other libraries in the past. This piece of code: def load(kv_block, debug=false) # Converts a string block to a Hash using split kv_map = StringUtils.kv_array_to_hash(kv_block) # Loop through each key, value kv_map.each do |mem,val| # Format the member from camel case to underscore member = mem.camel_to_underscore() # If the object includes a method to set the key (i.e. the key # is a member of self), invoke the method, setting the value of # the member) if self.methods.include?(member.to_set_method_name()) then # Exception thrown here self.send(member.to_set_method_name(), val) # Else, check for the same case, this time for an instance variable elsif self.instance_variable_defined?(member.to_instance_var_name()) self.instance_variable_set(member.to_instance_var_name(), val) # Else, complain that the object doesn't understand the key with # respect to its class definition. else raise ArgumentError, "I don't know what to do with #{member}. #{self.class} does not have a member or function called #{member}" end end end produces the error wrong argument type #<Class:0x11a02088> (expected Data) (TypeError) in the each loop on the first if test. I've inspected a post-mortem debugging instance using rdebug, and running that line manually, it works without a hitch. Has anyone seen this error before and what's been your solution to it? I used to think it was ActiveRecord and other gems stomping on each other's definitions, but I removed any references to ActiveRecord and this still occurs.

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  • Where do I put javaassist code?

    - by DutrowLLC
    I have an application running on google app engine. I'm using restlets and I have a couple of layers set up including the restlet layer, the model layer, the business layer, and the data layer. I'm attempting to use javaassist to modify some classes, but I'm unsure where to actually put the code. I tried to put the code in the static initialization block: public class Person { String firstName; String getFirstName(){return null;} static{ ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); try { CtClass CtPerson = pool.get("Person"); CtMethod CtGetFirstName = CtPerson.getDeclaredMethod("GetFirstName"); CtGetFirstName.setBody("return firstName;"); CtPerson.toClass(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ...but that resulted in this error: javassist.CannotCompileException:.....attempted duplicate class definition...". I guess it makes sense that I can't edit the class file in the middle of its generation. I know the code works because I was able to run it correctly by simply putting it in a location that would run when I sent the program a command. (accessed a Restlet resource). The code ran fine if an instance of the class had not already been instantiated, however once I instantiated an instance of the affected class, the javaassist code failed. I assume I need to put this code somewhere that it will only run either: once after the program starts, directly before a class is instantiated for the first time, or even better, during compile time.

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  • Visual Studio - Edit source code located in a database

    - by mfeingold
    I am building something similar to Server Explorer for Apache CouchDB. One of the things necessary is to be able to edit CouchDB view definitions which in CouchDB are JavaScript functions. How can I trick Visual Studio into using my object to retrieve and save the content of the JavaScript function but still use the rest of it - I am happy with editor itself and have no intention of writing my own Editor/Language Service, etc. The latter would be much bigger effort than what this project warrants Edit After more digging I am still stuck. Here is what I know: IVsUIShellOpenDocument interface provides a method OpenStandardEditor which can be used to open the standard Visual Studio editor. As one of the parameters this method takes a Pointer to the IUnknown interface of the document data object. This object is supposed to implement several interfaces described in many places all over the MSDN. Visual Studio SDK also provides a 'sample' implementation of the document data object VsTextBufferClass. I can create an instance of this class and when I pass the pointer to the instance to the OpenStandardEditor I can see my editor and it seems to work ok. When I try to implement my own class implementing the same interfaces (IVsTextBuffer, VsTextBuffer, IVsTextLines) OpenStandardEditor method returns success, but VS bombs out on call editor.Show() with an access violation. My suspicion is that VsTextBufferClass also implements some other interface(s) but not in C# way but rather in the good old COM way. I just do not know which one(s). Any thoughts?

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  • wpf observableCollection

    - by Asha
    I have an ObservableCollection which is dataContext for my treeview when I try to remove an Item from ObservableCollection I will get an error that Object reference not set to an instance of an object . can you please tell me why this error is happening and what is the solution thanks EDIT 1: The code is something like : class MyClass : INotifyPropertyChanged { //my class code here } public partial class UC_myUserControl : UserControl { private ObservableCollection<MyClass> myCollection = new ObservableCollection<MyClass>(); private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { myCollection.add(new myClass); myTreeView.DataContext = myCollection ; } private void deleteItem() { myCollection.RemoveAt(0); //after removing I get error Which I guess should be something related //to interface update but I don't know how can I solve it } } Exception Detail : System.NullReferenceException was unhandled Message="Object reference not set to an instance of an object." Source="PresentationFramework" EDIT 3: I have a style which is for my treeitem to keep the treeitems expanded <Style TargetType="TreeViewItem"> <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="True" /> </Style> and with commenting this part I wont get any error !!! Now I want to change my question to why having this style is causing error ?

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  • ASP:GridView does not show data with ObjectdataSource

    - by Kashif
    I have been trying to bind a DataGrid with ObjectDataSource having custom paging but no output is display on my usercontrol. Here is the code I am using <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="LeadId" DataSourceID="dsBuyingLead1" AllowPaging="True"> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="Subject" HeaderText="Subject" ReadOnly="True" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="ExpiryDate" HeaderText="ExpiryDate" ReadOnly="True" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView> <asp:ObjectDataSource ID="dsBuyingLead1" runat="server" EnablePaging="True" DataObjectTypeName="Modules.SearchBuyingLeadInfo" OldValuesParameterFormatString="original_{0}" SelectMethod="GetAllBuyingLeads" StartRowIndexParameterName="startRow" MaximumRowsParameterName="maximumRows" SelectCountMethod="GetAllBuyingLeadsCount" TypeName="Modules.SearchController"> <SelectParameters> <asp:QueryStringParameter Name="searchText" QueryStringField="q" Type="String" /> </SelectParameters> </asp:ObjectDataSource> Here are my methods from SearchController class: [DataObjectMethod(DataObjectMethodType.Select)] public static long GetAllBuyingLeadsCount(string searchText) { return DataProvider.Instance().GetAllBuyingLeadsCount(searchText); } [DataObjectMethod(DataObjectMethodType.Select)] public static List<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> GetAllBuyingLeads (string searchText, int startRow, int maximumRows) { List<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> l = CBO.FillCollection<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> ( DataProvider.Instance() .GetAllBuyingLeadswithText(searchText, startRow, maximumRows) ); return l; } Where SearchBuyingLeadInfo is my Data Access Object class I have verified by setting up break points that both GetAllBuyingLeadsCount and GetAllBuyingLeads return non-zero values but unfortunately nothing is displayed on the grid. Only the column headers are displayed. Can anyone tell me what am I missing?

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  • Advice needed: cold backup for SQL Server 2008 Express?

    - by Mikey Cee
    What are my options for achieving a cold backup server for SQL Server Express instance running a single database? I have an SQL Server 2008 Express instance in production that currently represents a single point of failure for my application. I have a second physical box sitting at the installation that is currently doing nothing. I want to somehow replicate my database in near real time (a little bit of data loss is acceptable) to the second box. The database is very small and resources are utilized very lightly. In the case that the production server dies, I would manually reconfigure my application to point to the backup server instead. Although Express doesn't support log shipping, I am thinking that I could manually script a poor man's version of it, where I use batch files to take the logs and copy them across the network and apply them to the second server at 5 minute intervals. Does anyone have any advice on whether this is technically achievable, or if there is a better way to do what I am trying to do? Note that I want to avoid having to pay for the full version of SQL Server and configure mirroring as I think it is an overkill for this application. I understand that other DB platforms may present suitable options (eg. a MySQL Cluster), but for the purposes of this discussion, let's assume we have to stick to SQL Server.

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  • How to have multiple instances of jQuery plugin on single page?

    - by James Skidmore
    I'm writing a simple jQuery plugin, but I'm having trouble being able to use multiple instances on a page. For instance, here is a sample plugin to illustrate my point: (function($) { $.fn.samplePlugin = function(options) { if (typeof foo != 'undefined') { alert('Already defined!'); } else { var foo = 'bar'; } }; })(jQuery); And then if I do this: $(document).ready(function(){ $('#myDiv').samplePlugin({}); // does nothing $('#myDiv2').samplePlugion({}); // alerts "Already defined!" }); This is obviously an over-simplified example to get across the point. So my question is, how do I have two separate instances of the plugin? I'd like to be able to use it across multiple instances on the same page. I'm guessing that part of the problem might be with defining the variables in a global scope. How can I define them unique to that instance of the plugin then? Thank you for your guidance!

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  • avoid extra xmlns:xsi while adding a attribute to xml root element in C#.net

    - by Rakesh kumar
    Please help me. First pls forgive me if i am wrong. i am createing a xmlfile using c#.net . my Code is like XmlDocument d = new XmlDocument(); XmlDeclaration xmlDeclaration = d.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null); d.InsertBefore(xmlDeclaration,d.DocumentElement); XmlElement root = d.CreateElement("ITRETURN","ITR","http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/ITR1"); XmlAttribute xsiNs = d.CreateAttribute("xsi:schemaLocation", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"); xsiNs.Value = "http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/main ITRMain10.xsd"; root.SetAttributeNode(xsiNs); //root.SetAttribute("xsi:schemaLocation", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"); root.SetAttribute("xmlns:ITR1FORM", "http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/ITR1"); root.SetAttribute("xmlns:ITR2FORM", "http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/ITR2"); root.SetAttribute("xmlns:ITR3FORM", "http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/ITR3"); root.SetAttribute("xmlns:ITR4FORM", "http://incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/ITR4"); d.AppendChild(root); d.Save("c://myxml.xml"); and i am getting output like this - - root node But My requirement is like + any value please help

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  • How to restrict a content of string to less than 4MB and save that string in DB using C#

    - by Pranay B
    I'm working on a project where I need to get the Text data from pdf files and dump the whole text in a DB column. With the help of iTextsharp, I got the data and referred it String. But now I need to check whether the string exceeds the 4MB limit or not and if it is exceeding then accept the string data which is less than 4MB in size. This is my code: internal string ReadPdfFiles() { // variable to store file path string filePath = null; // open dialog box to select file OpenFileDialog file = new OpenFileDialog(); // dilog box title name file.Title = "Select Pdf File"; //files to be accepted by the user. file.Filter = "Pdf file (*.pdf)|*.pdf|All files (*.*)|*.*"; // set initial directory of computer system file.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop); // set restore directory file.RestoreDirectory = true; // execute if block when dialog result box click ok button if (file.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { // store selected file path filePath = file.FileName.ToString(); } //file path /// use a string array and pass all the pdf for searching //String filePath = @"D:\Pranay\Documentation\Working on SSAS.pdf"; try { //creating an instance of PdfReader class using (PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(filePath)) { //creating an instance of StringBuilder class StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder(); //use loop to specify how many pages to read. //I started from 5th page as Piyush told for (int i = 5; i <= reader.NumberOfPages; i++) { //Read the pdf text.Append(PdfTextExtractor.GetTextFromPage(reader, i)); }//end of for(i) int k = 4096000; //Test whether the string exceeds the 4MB if (text.Length < k) { //return the string text1 = text.ToString(); } //end of if } //end of using } //end try catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "Please Do select a pdf file!!", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning); } //end of catch return text1; } //end of ReadPdfFiles() method Do help me!

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  • Clone existing structs with different alignment in Visual C++

    - by Crend King
    Is there a way to clone an existing struct with different member alignment in Visual C++? Here is the background: I use an 3rd-party library, which uses several structs. To fill up the structs, I pass the address of the struct instances to some functions. Unfortunately, the functions only returns unaligned buffer, so that data of some members are always wrong. /Zp is out of choice, since it breaks the other parts of the program. I know #pragma pack modifies the alignment of the following struct, but I would like to avoid copying the structs into my code, for the definitions in the library might change in the future. Sample code: test.h: struct am_aligned { BYTE data1[10]; ULONG data2; }; test.cpp: #include "test.h" // typedef alignment(1) struct am_aligned am_unaligned; int APIENTRY wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { char buffer[20] = {}; for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(unaligned_struct); i++) { buffer[i] = i; } am_aligned instance = *(am_aligned*) buffer; return 0; } Consider am_aligned is defined in the library header file. am_unaligned is my custom declaration, and only effective in test.cpp. The commented line does not work of course. instance.data2 is 0x0f0e0d0c, while 0x0d0c0b0a is desired. Thanks for help!

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  • How do I display java.lang.* object allocations in Eclipse profiler?

    - by Martin Wickman
    I am profiling an application using the Eclipse profiler. I am particularly interested in number of allocated object instances of classes from java.lang (for instance java.lang.String or java.util.HashMap). I also want to know stuff like number of calls to String.equals() etc. I use the "Object Allocations" tab and I shows all classes in my application and a count. It also shows all int[], byte[], long[] etc, but there is no mention of any standard java classes. For instance, this silly code: public static void main(String[] args) { Object obj[] = new Object[1000]; for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { obj[i] = new StringBuffer("foo" + i); } System.out.println (obj[30]); } Shows up in the Object Allocations tab as 7 byte[]s, 4 char[]s and 2 int[]s. It doesn't matter if I use 1000 or 1 iterations. It seems the profiler simply ignores everything that is in any of the java.* packages. The same applies to Execution Statistics as well. Any idea how to display instances of java.* in the Eclipse Profiler?

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  • How do I make a serialization class for this?

    - by chobo2
    I have something like this (sorry for the bad names) <root xmlns="http://www.domain.com" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.Domain.com Schema.xsd> <product></product> <SomeHighLevelElement> <anotherElment> <lowestElement> </lowestElement> </anotherElment> </SomeHighLevelElement> </root> I have something like this for my class public class MyClass { public MyClass() { ListWrapper= new List<UserInfo>(); } public string product{ get; set; } public List<SomeHighLevelElement> ListWrapper{ get; set; } } public class SomeHighLevelElement { public string lowestElement{ get; set; } } But I don't know how to write the code for the "anotherElement" not sure if I have to make another wrapper around it. Edit I know get a error in my actual xml file. I have this in my tag xmlns="http://www.domain.com" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.Domain.com Schema.xsd Throws an exception on the root line saying there was a error with this stuff. So I don't know if it is mad at the schemaLocation since I am using local host right now or what.

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  • Updating entity fields in app engine development server

    - by Joey
    I recently tried updating a field in one of my entities on the app engine local dev server via the sdk console. It appeared to have updated just fine (a simple float). However, when I followed up with a query on the entity, I received an exception: "Items in the mSomeList list must all be Key instances". mSomeList is just another list field I have in that entity, not the one I modified. Is there any reason manually changing a field would adversely throw something off such that the server gets confused? Is this a known bug? I wrote an http handler to alter the field through server code and it works fine if I take that approach. Update: (adding details) I am using the python google app engine server. Basically if I go into the Google App Engine Launcher and press the SDK Console button, then go into one of my entities and edit a field that is a float (i.e. change it from 0 to 3.5, for instance), I get the "Items in the mMyList list must all be Key instance" suddenly when I query the entity like this: query = DataModels.RegionData.gql("WHERE mRegion = :1", region) entry = query.get() the RegionData entity is what has the mMyList member. As mentioned previously, if I do not manually change the field but rather do so through server code, i.e. query = DataModels.RegionData.gql("WHERE mRegion = :1", region) entry = query.get() entry.mMyFloat = 3.5 entry.put() Then it works.

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  • delegate method throws runtime "unrecognized selector" error when switching back from one UIViewCont

    - by chimgrrl
    Ok, I've spend like half day on this and it's killing me. So I've got 3 view controllers transitioning from one another, something like this: I call the UploadDecisionViewController after destroying the previous View Controller: [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; [self performSelector:@selector(showUDModalView) withObject:nil afterDelay:0.5]; In my showUDModalView method: - (void)showUDModalView { UploadDecisionViewController *udcontroller = [[UploadDecisionViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"UploadDecisionViewController" bundle:nil]; udcontroller.delegate = self; [self presentModalViewController:udcontroller animated:YES]; [udcontroller release]; } The UploadDecisionViewController shows up no problem. The UploadDecisionViewController has a button, which when clicked I want it to transition to the FileUploadViewController. I setup a UploadDecisionDelegate, threw a method in there to handle the button clicking: Inside UploadDecisionDelegate protocol (UploadDecisionViewController.h): @protocol UploadDecisionDelegate //let UOnliveViewController know that a button was selected - (void)UploadDecisionViewController:(UploadDecisionViewController *)controller madeChoice:(NSString *)whichDirection; @end Then inside my IBAction method when the button is clicked, I have this: - (IBAction)decisionSelected:(id)sender { [delegate UploadDecisionViewController:self madeChoice:@"upload"];//crashing at this line } When I run this, at this line above it is throwing a runtime exception: 2010-06-09 12:48:59.561 UOnlive[4735:207] *** -[UIView UploadDecisionViewController:madeChoice:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3b65420 2010-06-09 12:48:59.562 UOnlive[4735:207] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[UIView UploadDecisionViewController:madeChoice:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3b65420' 2010-06-09 12:48:59.563 UOnlive[4735:207] Stack: ( 33502299, 2495698185, 33884219, 33453686, 33306306, 20618, 2982917, 3390286, 3399023, 3394235, 3087839, 2996168, 3022945, 40156505, 33287040, 33283144, 40150549, 40150746, 3026863, 11700, 11554 ) Let me throw in the delegate method implemented also: - (void)UploadDecisionViewController:(UploadDecisionViewController *)controller madeChoice:(NSString *)whichDirection { NSLog(@"it got to here 245"); [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; if (yesOrNo) { //open up the FileUploadViewController and proceed to upload [self performSelector:@selector(showFUModalView) withObject:nil afterDelay:0.5]; } } Can someone tell me what the heck is going on? Thanks a bunch for the help...

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  • Cannot connect to SQL Server from ASP.NET MVC app

    - by Dan Fergus
    I have an ASP.NET MVC app that has on a hosted server for over a year, connecting to SQL Server. I've had to change hosting services, the new one supports MVC 1.0. I've also moved a non MVC ASP app to the same hosting service. Now, MY MVC based app retturnes this error when I try to validate a user login. A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server) Now, the non-MVC app can access the exact same database and authenticate users just fine. The MVC app, when run from my dev box connects fine. It also run/connects/authenticates without problem when I install and run the site from an internal SQL 2008 server running IIS 7. I, along with the hosting support techs, am at a loss how the exact same connect string works every where except on the hosted server, and only when run from inside an ASP.NET MVC web app. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Comparing all properties of an object using expression trees

    - by stringargs
    Hi, I'm trying to write a simple generator that uses an expression tree to dynamically generate a method that compares all properties of an instance of a type to the properties of another instance of that type. This works fine for most properties, like int an string, but fails for DateTime? (and presumably other nullable value types). The method: static Delegate GenerateComparer(Type type) { var left = Expression.Parameter(type, "left"); var right = Expression.Parameter(type, "right"); Expression result = null; foreach (var p in type.GetProperties()) { var leftProperty = Expression.Property(left, p.Name); var rightProperty = Expression.Property(right, p.Name); var equals = p.PropertyType.GetMethod("Equals", new[] { p.PropertyType }); var callEqualsOnLeft = Expression.Call(leftProperty, equals, rightProperty); result = result != null ? (Expression)Expression.And(result, callEqualsOnLeft) : (Expression)callEqualsOnLeft; } var method = Expression.Lambda(result, left, right).Compile(); return method; } On a DateTime? property it fails with: Expression of type 'System.Nullable`1[System.DateTime]' cannot be used for parameter of type 'System.Object' of method 'Boolean Equals(System.Object)' OK, so it finds an overload of Equals that expects object. So why can't I pass a DateTime? into that, as it's convertible to object? If I look at Nullable<T>, it indeed has an override of Equals(object o). PS: I realize that this isn't a proper generator yet as it can't deal with null values, but I'll get to that :)

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  • Program structure in long running data processing python script

    - by fmark
    For my current job I am writing some long-running (think hours to days) scripts that do CPU intensive data-processing. The program flow is very simple - it proceeds into the main loop, completes the main loop, saves output and terminates: The basic structure of my programs tends to be like so: <import statements> <constant declarations> <misc function declarations> def main(): for blah in blahs(): <lots of local variables> <lots of tightly coupled computation> for something in somethings(): <lots more local variables> <lots more computation> <etc., etc.> <save results> if __name__ == "__main__": main() This gets unmanageable quickly, so I want to refactor it into something more manageable. I want to make this more maintainable, without sacrificing execution speed. Each chuck of code relies on a large number of variables however, so refactoring parts of the computation out to functions would make parameters list grow out of hand very quickly. Should I put this sort of code into a python class, and change the local variables into class variables? It doesn't make a great deal of sense tp me conceptually to turn the program into a class, as the class would never be reused, and only one instance would ever be created per instance. What is the best practice structure for this kind of program? I am using python but the question is relatively language-agnostic, assuming a modern object-oriented language features.

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  • paintComponent on JPanel, image flashes and then disappears

    - by mark
    I have a JApplet (MainClass extends JApplet), a JPanel (ChartWindow extends JPanel) and a Grafico class. The problem is that the Grafico class instance has 2 JPanel that should show 2 images (1 for each panel) but the images are shown and after a little while they disappears: instead of them i get a gray background (like an empty JPanel). This happens for every repaint() call (that are made in the ChartWindow class) the MainClass init() contains chartwindow=new ChartWindow(); add(chartwindow) chartwindow has a Grafico instance. it's the ChartWindow's paintComponent (override) paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); Image immagineGrafico=createImage(grafico.pannelloGrafico.getWidth() ,grafico.pannelloGrafico.getHeight()); Image immagineVolumi=createImage(grafico.pannelloVolumi.getWidth() ,grafico.pannelloVolumi.getHeight()); Graphics2D imgGrafico=(Graphics2D)immagineGrafico.getGraphics(); Graphics2D imgVolumi=(Graphics2D)immagineVolumi.getGraphics(); grafico.draw(imgGrafico,imgVolumi,mouseX,mouseY); ((Graphics2D)grafico.pannelloGrafico.getGraphics()).drawImage(immagineGrafico,0,0,this); ((Graphics2D)grafico.pannelloVolumi.getGraphics()).drawImage(immagineVolumi,0,0,this); } grafico's JPanels are added this way in the ChartWindow's constructor grafico=new Grafico() ................ add(grafico.pannelloGrafico); add(grafico.pannelloVolumi); Tell me if you need more information, thank you very much :-)

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  • Overloading generic implicit conversions

    - by raichoo
    Hi I'm having a little scala (version 2.8.0RC1) problem with implicit conversions. Whenever importing more than one implicit conversion the first one gets shadowed. Here is the code where the problem shows up: // containers class Maybe[T] case class Nothing[T]() extends Maybe[T] case class Just[T](value: T) extends Maybe[T] case class Value[T](value: T) trait Monad[C[_]] { def >>=[A, B](a: C[A], f: A => C[B]): C[B] def pure[A](a: A): C[A] } // implicit converter trait Extender[C[_]] { class Wrapper[A](c: C[A]) { def >>=[B](f: A => C[B])(implicit m: Monad[C]): C[B] = { m >>= (c, f) } def >>[B](b: C[B])(implicit m: Monad[C]): C[B] = { m >>= (c, { (x: A) => b } ) } } implicit def extendToMonad[A](c: C[A]) = new Wrapper[A](c) } // instance maybe object maybemonad extends Extender[Maybe] { implicit object MaybeMonad extends Monad[Maybe] { override def >>=[A, B](a: Maybe[A], f: A => Maybe[B]): Maybe[B] = { a match { case Just(x) => f(x) case Nothing() => Nothing() } } override def pure[A](a: A): Maybe[A] = Just(a) } } // instance value object identitymonad extends Extender[Value] { implicit object IdentityMonad extends Monad[Value] { override def >>=[A, B](a: Value[A], f: A => Value[B]): Value[B] = { a match { case Value(x) => f(x) } } override def pure[A](a: A): Value[A] = Value(a) } } import maybemonad._ //import identitymonad._ object Main { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { println(Just(1) >>= { (x: Int) => MaybeMonad.pure(x) }) } } When uncommenting the second import statement everything goes wrong since the first "extendToMonad" is shadowed. However, this one works: object Main { implicit def foo(a: Int) = new { def foobar(): Unit = { println("Foobar") } } implicit def foo(a: String) = new { def foobar(): Unit = { println(a) } } def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { 1 foobar() "bla" foobar() } } So, where is the catch? What am I missing? Regards, raichoo

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  • Unity: Replace registered type with another type at runtime

    - by gehho
    We have a scenario where the user can choose between different hardware at runtime. In the background we have several different hardware classes which all implement an IHardware interface. We would like to use Unity to register the currently selected hardware instance for this interface. However, when the user selects another hardware, this would require us to replace this registration at runtime. The following example might make this clearer: public interface IHardware { // some methods... } public class HardwareA : IHardware { // ... } public class HardwareB : IHardware { // ... } container.RegisterInstance<IHardware>(new HardwareA()); // user selects new hardware somewhere in the configuration... // the following is invalid code, but can it be achieved another way? container.ReplaceInstance<IHardware>(new HardwareB()); Can this behavior be achieved somehow? BTW: I am completely aware that instances which have already been resolved from the container will not be replaced with the new instances, of course. We would take care of that ourselves by forcing them to resolve the instance once again.

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  • OOP C# Question: Making a Fruit a Pear

    - by Adam Kane
    Given that I have an instance of Fruit with some properties set, and I want to get those properties into a new Pear instance (because this particular Fruit happens to have the qualities of a pear), what's the best way to achieve this effect? For example, what we can't do is simple cast a Fruit to a Pear, because not all Fruits are Pears: public static class PearGenerator { public static Pear CreatePear () { // Make a new generic fruit. Fruit genericFruit = new Fruit(); // Upcast it to a pear. (Throws exception: Can't cast a Fruit to a Pear.) Pear pear = (Pear)genericFruit; // Return freshly grown pear. return ( pear ); } } public class Fruit { // some code } public class Pear : Fruit { public void PutInPie () { // some code } } Thanks! Update: I don't control the "new Fruit()" code. My starting point is that I've got a Fruit to work with. I need to get that Fruit into a new Pear somehow. Maybe copy all the properties one by one?

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  • Run arbitrary subprocesses on Windows and still terminate cleanly?

    - by Weeble
    I have an application A that I would like to be able to invoke arbitrary other processes as specified by a user in a configuration file. Batch script B is one such process a user would like to be invoked by A. B sets up some environment variables, shows some messages and invokes a compiler C to do some work. Does Windows provide a standard way for arbitrary processes to be terminated cleanly? Suppose A is run in a console and receives a CTRL+C. Can it pass this on to B and C? Suppose A runs in a window and the user tries to close the window, can it cancel B and C? TerminateProcess is an option, but not a very good one. If A uses TerminateProcess on B, C keeps running. This could cause nasty problems if C is long-running, since we might start another instance of C to operate on the same files while the first instance of C is still secretly at work. In addition, TerminateProcess doesn't result in a clean exit. GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent sounds nice, and might work when everything's running in a console, but the documentation says that you can only send CTRL+C to your own console, and so wouldn't help if A were running in a window. Is there any equivalent to SIGINT on Windows? I would love to find an article like this one: http://www.cons.org/cracauer/sigint.html for Windows.

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  • application trying to connect to mirrored sql db

    - by hp
    Hello, We have 4 web servers that host our asp.net (3.5) application. Randomly, we get error messages like : 1) "Login failed for user 'userid'" 2) "A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)" we are running sql2005 and have a principle and a mirror db (sync). When these exceptions are thrown, I look at the SQL error logs on the mirrored db and noticed the failed login messages in there. The principle db is running fine and the other web apps are working great. this will happen for maybe 10 min, then the app pool recycles and it starts hitting the principle db again. Is there a configuration I have incorrect? my theory is that our principle db is forwarding the request to the mirror, but that should never happen. any help??

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  • Providing custom database functionality to custom asp.net membership provider

    - by IrfanRaza
    Hello friends, I am creating custom membership provider for my asp.net application. I have also created a separate class "DBConnect" that provides database functionality such as Executing SQL statement, Executing SPs, Executing SPs or Query and returning SqlDataReader and so on... I have created instance of DBConnect class within Session_Start of Global.asax and stored to a session. Later using a static class I am providing the database functionality throughout the application using the same single session. In short I am providing a single point for all database operations from any asp.net page. I know that i can write my own code to connect/disconnect database and execute SPs within from the methods i need to override. Please look at the code below - public class SGI_MembershipProvider : MembershipProvider { ...... public override bool ChangePassword(string username, string oldPassword, string newPassword) { if (!ValidateUser(username, oldPassword)) return false; ValidatePasswordEventArgs args = new ValidatePasswordEventArgs(username, newPassword, true); OnValidatingPassword(args); if (args.Cancel) { if (args.FailureInformation != null) { throw args.FailureInformation; } else { throw new Exception("Change password canceled due to new password validation failure."); } } ..... //Database connectivity and code execution to change password. } .... } MY PROBLEM - Now what i need is to execute the database part within all these overriden methods from the same database point as described on the top. That is i have to pass the instance of DBConnect existing in the session to this class, so that i can access the methods. Could anyone provide solution on this. There might be some better techniques i am not aware of that. The approach i am using might be wrong. Your suggessions are always welcome. Thanks for sharing your valuable time.

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  • Grails - Removing an item from a hasMany association List on data bind?

    - by ecrane
    Grails offers the ability to automatically create and bind domain objects to a hasMany List, as described in the grails user guide. So, for example, if my domain object "Author" has a List of many "Book" objects, I could create and bind these using the following markup (from the user guide): <g:textField name="books[0].title" value="the Stand" /> <g:textField name="books[1].title" value="the Shining" /> <g:textField name="books[2].title" value="Red Madder" /> In this case, if any of the books specified don't already exist, Grails will create them and set their titles appropriately. If there are already books in the specified indices, their titles will be updated and they will be saved. My question is: is there some easy way to tell Grails to remove one of those books from the 'books' association on data bind? The most obvious way to do this would be to omit the form element that corresponds to the domain instance you want to delete; unfortunately, this does not work, as per the user guide: Then Grails will automatically create a new instance for you at the defined position. If you "skipped" a few elements in the middle ... Then Grails will automatically create instances in between. I realize that a specific solution could be engineered as part of a command object, or as part of a particular controller- however, the need for this functionality appears repeatedly throughout my application, across multiple domain objects and for associations of many different types of objects. A general solution, therefore, would be ideal. Does anyone know if there is something like this included in Grails?

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