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• Graphing the pitch (frequency) of a sound

  - by Coronatus

  I want to plot the pitch of a sound into a graph. Currently I can plot the amplitude. The graph below is created by the data returned by getUnscaledAmplitude(): AudioInputStream audioInputStream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file))); byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) (audioInputStream.getFrameLength()) * (audioInputStream.getFormat().getFrameSize())]; audioInputStream.read(bytes); // Get amplitude values for each audio channel in an array. graphData = type.getUnscaledAmplitude(bytes, this); public int[][] getUnscaledAmplitude(byte[] eightBitByteArray, AudioInfo audioInfo) { int[][] toReturn = new int[audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels()][eightBitByteArray.length / (2 * audioInfo. getNumberOfChannels())]; int index = 0; for (int audioByte = 0; audioByte < eightBitByteArray.length;) { for (int channel = 0; channel < audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels(); channel++) { // Do the byte to sample conversion. int low = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int high = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int sample = (high << 8) + (low & 0x00ff); if (sample < audioInfo.sampleMin) { audioInfo.sampleMin = sample; } else if (sample > audioInfo.sampleMax) { audioInfo.sampleMax = sample; } toReturn[channel][index] = sample; } index++; } return toReturn; } But I need to show the audio's pitch, not amplitude. Fast Fourier transform appears to get the pitch, but it needs to know more variables than the raw bytes I have, and is very complex and mathematical. Is there a way I can do this?

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• How to get to the key name of a referenced entity property from an entity instance without a datastore read in google app engine?

  - by Sumeet Pareek

  Consider I have the following models - class Team(db.Model): # say I have just 5 teams name = db.StringProperty() class Player(db.Model): # say I have thousands of players name = db.StringProperty() team = db.ReferenceProperty(Team, collection_name="player_set") Key name for each Team entity = 'team_' , and for each Player entity = 'player_' By some prior arrangement I have a Team entity's (key_name, name) mapping available to me. For example (team_01, United States Of America), (team_02, Russia) etc I have to show all the players and their teams on a page. One way of doing this would be - players = Player.all().fetch(1000) # This is 1 DB read for player in players: # This will iterate 1000 times self.response.out.write(player.name) # This is obviously not a DB read self.response.out.write(player.team.name) #This is a total of 1x1000 = 1000 DB reads That is a 1001 DB reads for a silly thing. The interesting part is that when I do a db.to_dict() on players, it shows that for every player in that list there is 'name' of the player and there is the 'key_name' of the team available too. So how can I do the below ?? players = Player.all().fetch(1000) # This is 1 DB read for player in players: # This will iterate 1000 times self.response.out.write(player.name) # This is obviously not a DB read self.response.out.write(team_list[player.<SOME WAY OF GETTING TEAM KEY NAME>]) # Here 'team_list' already has (key_name, name) for all 5 teams I have been struggling with this for a long time. Have read every available documentation. I could just hug the person that can help me here :-) Disclaimer: The above problem description is not a real scenario. It is a simplified arrangement that represents my problem exactly. I have run into it in a rater complex and big GAE appication.

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• Adding <tr> from repeater's ItemDataBound Event

  - by nemiss

  My repeater's templates generate a table, where each item is a table row. When a very very specific condition is met (itemdata), I want to add an additional row to the table from this event. How can I do that? protected void rptData_ItemDataBound(object sender, RepeaterItemEventArgs e) { if (e.Item.ItemType == ListItemType.Item || e.Item.ItemType == ListItemType.AlternatingItem) { bool tmp = bool.Parse(DataBinder.Eval(e.Item.DataItem, "somedata").ToString()); if (!tmp && e.Item.ItemIndex != 0) { //Add row after this item } } } I can use e.Item.Controls.Add() and add TableRow but for that I need to locate a table right? How can I solve that? UPDATE I will explain now why I need this: I am creating a sort of message board, where data entries are displayed in a tabled style. The first items in the table are "important" items after those items, i want to add this row. I could solved it using 2 repeaters, where the first repeater will be bounded to pinned items, and the second repeater will be bounded to refular items. But I don't want to have to repeaters nor I want to complex the business logic for separating the fetched data to pinned and not-pinned collection. I think the best opton is to do it "onfly", using one repeater and one datasource.

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• Unity 1.2 Dependency injection of internal types

  - by qvin

  I have a facade in a library that exposes some complex functionality through a simple interface. My question is how do I do dependency injection for the internal types used in the facade. Let's say my C# library code looks like - public class XYZfacade:IFacade { [Dependency] internal IType1 type1 { get; set; } [Dependency] internal IType2 type2 { get; set; } public string SomeFunction() { return type1.someString(); } } internal class TypeA { .... } internal class TypeB { .... } And my website code is like - IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer(); container.RegisterType<IType1, TypeA>(); container.RegisterType<IType2, TypeB>(); container.RegisterType<IFacade, XYZFacade>(); ... ... IFacade facade = container.Resolve<IFacade>(); Here facade.SomeFunction() throws an exception because facade.type1 and facade.type2 are null. Any help is appreciated.

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• How to create a snowstorm on your Windows desktop?

  - by Vilx-

  Practical uses aside, how (if it is possible at all) could you create a "snowing" effect on your desktop PC running Windows? Preferably with nothing but raw C/C++ and WinAPI. The requirements for the snow are: Appears over everything else shown; Snowflakes are small, possibly simple dots or clusters of a few white pixels; Does not bother working with the computer (clicking a snowflake sends the click through to the underlying window); Plays nicely with users dragging windows; Multimonitor capable. Bonus points for any of the following features: Snow accumulates on the lower edge of the window or the taskbar (if it's at the bottom of the screen); Snow accumulates also on top-level windows. Or perhaps some snow accumulates, some continues down, accumulating on every window with a title bar; Snow accumulated on windows gets "shaken off" when windows are dragged; Snow accumulated on taskbar is aware of the extended "Start" button under Vista/7. Snowflakes have shadows/outlines, so they are visible on white backgrounds; Snowflakes have complex snowflike-alike shapes (they must still be tiny). Most of these effects are straightforward enough, except the part where snow is click-through and plays nicely with dragging of windows. In my early days I've made an implementation that draws on the HDC you get from GetDesktopWindow(), which was click-through, but had problems with users dragging windows (snowflakes rendered on them got "dragged along"). The solution may use Vista/7 Aero features, but, of course, a universal solution is preferred. Any ideas? :)

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• Need Help finding an appropriate task asignment algoritm for a collage project involving coordinatin

  - by Trif Mircea

  Hello. I am a long time lurker here and have found over time many answers regarding jquery and web development topics so I decided to ask a question of my own. This time I have to create a c++ project for collage which should help manage the workflow of a company providing all kinds of services through in the field teams. The ideas I have so far are: client-server application; the server is a dispatcher where all the orders from clients get and the clients are mobile devices (PDAs) each team in the field having one a order from a client is a task. Each task is made up of a series of subtasks. You have a database with estimations on how long a task should take to complete you also know what tasks or subtasks each team on the field can perform based on what kind of specialists made up the team (not going to complicate the problem by adding needed materials, it is considered that if a member of a team can perform a subtask he has the stuff needed) Now knowing these factors, what would a good task assignment algorithm be? The criteria is: how many tasks can a team do, how many tasks they have in the queue, it could also be location, how far away are they from the place but I don't think I can implement that.. It needs to be efficient and also to adapt quickly is the human dispatcher manually assigns a task. Any help or leads would be really appreciated. Also I'm not 100% sure in the idea so if you have another way you would go about creating such an application please share, even if it just a quick outline. I have to write a theoretical part too so even if the ideas are far more complex that what i outlined that would be ok ; I'd write those and implement what I can.

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• Why is debugging better in an IDE?

  - by Bill Karwin

  I've been a software developer for over twenty years, programming in C, Perl, SQL, Java, PHP, JavaScript, and recently Python. I've never had a problem I could not debug using some careful thought, and well-placed debugging print statements. I respect that many people say that my techniques are primitive, and using a real debugger in an IDE is much better. Yet from my observation, IDE users don't appear to debug faster or more successfully than I can, using my stone knives and bear skins. I'm sincerely open to learning the right tools, I've just never been shown a compelling advantage to using visual debuggers. Moreover, I have never read a tutorial or book that showed how to debug effectively using an IDE, beyond the basics of how to set breakpoints and display the contents of variables. What am I missing? What makes IDE debugging tools so much more effective than thoughtful use of diagnostic print statements? Can you suggest resources (tutorials, books, screencasts) that show the finer techniques of IDE debugging? Sweet answers! Thanks much to everyone for taking the time. Very illuminating. I voted up many, and voted none down. Some notable points: Debuggers can help me do ad hoc inspection or alteration of variables, code, or any other aspect of the runtime environment, whereas manual debugging requires me to stop, edit, and re-execute the application (possibly requiring recompilation). Debuggers can attach to a running process or use a crash dump, whereas with manual debugging, "steps to reproduce" a defect are necessary. Debuggers can display complex data structures, multi-threaded environments, or full runtime stacks easily and in a more readable manner. Debuggers offer many ways to reduce the time and repetitive work to do almost any debugging tasks. Visual debuggers and console debuggers are both useful, and have many features in common. A visual debugger integrated into an IDE also gives you convenient access to smart editing and all the other features of the IDE, in a single integrated development environment (hence the name).

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• Is there a better way to write this LINQ query?

  - by Raj Aththanayake

  Hi Is there a better simplified way to write this query. My logic is if collection contains customer ids and countrycodes, do the query ordey by customer id ascending. If there are no contain id in CustIDs then do the order by customer name. Is there a better way to write this query? I'm not really familiar with complex lambdas. var custIdResult = (from Customer c in CustomerCollection where (c.CustomerID.ToLower().Contains(param.ToLower()) && (countryCodeFilters.Any(item => item.Equals(c.CountryCode))) ) select c).ToList(); if (custIdResult.Count > 0) { return from Customer c in custIdResult where ( c.CustomerName.ToLower().Contains(param.ToLower()) && countryCodeFilters.Any(item => item.Equals(c.CountryCode))) orderby c.CustomerID ascending select c; } else { return from Customer c in CustomerCollection where (c.CustomerName.ToLower().Contains(param.ToLower()) && countryCodeFilters.Any(item => item.Equals(c.CountryCode))) orderby c.CustomerName descending select c; }

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• C++: parsing with simple regular expression or shoud I use sscanf?

  - by Helltone

  I need to parse a string like func1(arg1, arg2); func2(arg3, arg4);. It's not a very complex parsing problem, so I would prefer to avoid resorting to flex/bison or similar utilities. My first approch was to try to use POSIX C regcomp/regexec or Boost implementation of C++ std::regex. I wrote the following regular expression, which does not work (I'll explain why further on). "^" "[ ;\t\n]*" "(" // (1) identifier "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*" ")" "[ \t\n]*" "(" // (2) non-marking "\[" "(" // (3) non-marking "[ \t]*" "(" // (4..n-1) argument "[a-zA-Z0-9_]+" ")" "[ \t\n]*" "," ")*" "[ \t\n]*" "(" // (n) last argument "[a-zA-Z0-9_]+" ")" "]" ")?" "[ \t\n]*" ";" Note that the group 1 captures the identifier and groups 4..n-1 are intended to capture arguments except the last, which is captured by group n. When I apply this regex to, say func(arg1, arg2, arg3) the result I get is an array {func, arg2, arg3}. This is wrong because arg1 is not in it! The problem is that in the standard regex libraries, submarkings only capture the last match. In other words, if you have for instance the regex "((a*|b*))*" applied on "babb", the results of the inner match will be bb and all previous captures will have been forgotten. Another thing that annoys me here is that in case of error there is no way to know which character was not recognized as these functions provide very little information about the state of the parser when the input is rejected. So I don't know if I'm missing something here... In this case should I use sscanf or similar instead? Note that I prefer to use C/C++ standard libraries (and maybe boost).

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• Why is partial specialziation of a nested class template allowed, while complete isn't?

  - by drhirsch

  template<int x> struct A { template<int y> struct B {};. template<int y, int unused> struct C {}; }; template<int x> template<> struct A<x>::B<x> {}; // error: enclosing class templates are not explicitly specialized template<int x> template<int unused> struct A<x>::C<x, unused> {}; // ok So why is the explicit specialization of a inner, nested class (or function) not allowed, if the outer class isn't specialiced too? Strange enough, I can work around this behaviour if I only partially specialize the inner class with simply adding a dummy template parameter. Makes things uglier and more complex, but it works. Note: I need this feature for recursive templates of the inner class for a set of the outer class. To make things even more complicate, in reality I only need a template function instead of the inner class. But partial specialization of functions is generally disallowed somewhere else in the standard ^^

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• pure/const functions in C++

  - by Albert

  Hi, I'm thinking of using pure/const functions more heavily in my C++ code. (pure/const attribute in GCC) However, I am curious how strict I should be about it and what could possibly break. The most obvious case are debug outputs (in whatever form, could be on cout, in some file or in some custom debug class). I probably will have a lot of functions, which don't have any side effects despite this sort of debug output. No matter if the debug output is made or not, this will absolutely have no effect on the rest of my application. Or another case I'm thinking of is the use of my own SmartPointer class. In debug mode, my SmartPointer class has some global register where it does some extra checks. If I use such an object in a pure/const function, it does have some slight side effects (in the sense that some memory probably will be different) which should not have any real side effects though (in the sense that the behaviour is in any way different). Similar also for mutexes and other stuff. I can think of many complex cases where it has some side effects (in the sense of that some memory will be different, maybe even some threads are created, some filesystem manipulation is made, etc) but has no computational difference (all those side effects could very well be left out and I would even prefer that). How does it work out in practice? If I mark such functions as pure/const, could it break anything (considering that the code is all correct)?

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• Why are compilers so stupid?

  - by martinus

  I always wonder why compilers can't figure out simple things that are obvious to the human eye. They do lots of simple optimizations, but never something even a little bit complex. For example, this code takes about 6 seconds on my computer to print the value zero (using java 1.6): int x = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 100 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000; ++i) { x += x + x + x + x + x; } System.out.println(x); It is totally obvious that x is never changed so no matter how often you add 0 to itself it stays zero. So the compiler could in theory replace this with System.out.println(0). Or even better, this takes 23 seconds: public int slow() { String s = "x"; for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) { s += "x"; } return 10; } First the compiler could notice that I am actually creating a string s of 100000 "x" so it could automatically use s StringBuilder instead, or even better directly replace it with the resulting string as it is always the same. Second, It does not recognize that I do not actually use the string at all, so the whole loop could be discarded! Why, after so much manpower is going into fast compilers, are they still so relatively dumb? EDIT: Of course these are stupid examples that should never be used anywhere. But whenever I have to rewrite a beautiful and very readable code into something unreadable so that the compiler is happy and produces fast code, I wonder why compilers or some other automated tool can't do this work for me.

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• What is the easiest way to add compression to WCF in Silverlight?

  - by caryden

  I have a silverlight 2 beta 2 application that accesses a WCF web service. Because of this, it currently can only use basicHttp binding. The webservice will return fairly large amounts of XML data. This seems fairly wasteful from a bandwidth usage standpoint as the response, if zipped, would be smaller by a factor of 5 (I actually pasted the response into a txt file and zipped it.). The request does have the "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" - Is there any way have the WCF service gzip (or otherwise compress) the response? I did find this link but it sure seems a bit complex for functionality that should be handled out-of-the-box IMHO. OK - at first I marked the solution using the System.IO.Compression as the answer as I could never "seem" to get the IIS7 dynamic compression to work. Well, as it turns out: Dynamic Compression on IIS7 was working al along. It is just that Nikhil's Web Developer Helper plugin for IE did not show it working. My guess is that since SL hands the web service call off to the browser, that the browser handles it "under the covers" and Nikhil's tool never sees the compressed response. I was able to confirm this by using Fiddler which monitors traffic external to the browser application. In fiddler, the response was, in fact, gzip compressed!! The other problem with the System.IO.Compression solution is that System.IO.Compression does not exist in the Silverlight CLR. So from my perspective, the EASIEST way to enable WCF compression in Silverlight is to enable Dynamic Compression in IIS7 and write no code at all.

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• How to change XmlSchemaElement.SchemaType (or: difference between SchemaType and ElementSchemaType)

  - by Gregor

  Hey, I'm working on a XML Editor which gets all his information from the corresponding XSD file. To work with the XSD files I use the System.Xml.Schema Namespace (XmlSchema*). Because of an 'xsi:type' attribute in the XML I've to change the XmlSchemaType of an XmlSchemaElement. Until now I use in my code the 'ElementSchemaType' property of 'XmlSchemaElement'. The nice thing about it: it's read only. There is also in 'XmlSchemaElement' an 'SchemaType' property which is not read only, but always null (yes, XmlSchema and XmlSchemaSet are compiled). So how can I change the type of the 'XmlSchemaElement'? Or, also the same question: What is the diffrence between this two porperties? Some technical data: C#, .NET 3.5 The MSDN documentation is nearly the same for both: SchemaType Documentation: Gets or sets the type of the element. This can either be a complex type or a simple type. ElementSchemaType Documentation: Gets an XmlSchemaType object representing the type of the element based on the SchemaType or SchemaTypeName values of the element.

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• How to change the date/time in Python for all modules?

  - by Felix Schwarz

  When I write with business logic, my code often depends on the current time. For example the algorithm which looks at each unfinished order and checks if an invoice should be sent (which depends on the no of days since the job was ended). In these cases creating an invoice is not triggered by an explicit user action but by a background job. Now this creates a problem for me when it comes to testing: I can test invoice creation itself easily However it is hard to create an order in a test and check that the background job identifies the correct orders at the correct time. So far I found two solutions: In the test setup, calculate the job dates relative to the current date. Downside: The code becomes quite complicated as there are no explicit dates written anymore. Sometimes the business logic is pretty complex for edge cases so it becomes hard to debug due to all these relative dates. I have my own date/time accessor functions which I use throughout my code. In the test I just set a current date and all modules get this date. So I can simulate an order creation in February and check that the invoice is created in April easily. Downside: 3rd party modules do not use this mechanism so it's really hard to integrate+test these. The second approach was way more successful to me after all. Therefore I'm looking for a way to set the time Python's datetime+time modules return. Setting the date is usually enough, I don't need to set the current hour or second (even though this would be nice). Is there such a utility? Is there an (internal) Python API that I can use?

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• Indexing and Searching Over Word Level Annotation Layers in Lucene

  - by dmcer

  I have a data set with multiple layers of annotation over the underlying text, such as part-of-tags, chunks from a shallow parser, name entities, and others from various natural language processing (NLP) tools. For a sentence like The man went to the store, the annotations might look like: Word POS Chunk NER ==== === ===== ======== The DT NP Person man NN NP Person went VBD VP - to TO PP - the DT NP Location store NN NP Location I'd like to index a bunch of documents with annotations like these using Lucene and then perform searches across the different layers. An example of a simple query would be to retrieve all documents where Washington is tagged as a person. While I'm not absolutely committed to the notation, syntactically end-users might enter the query as follows: Query: Word=Washington,NER=Person I'd also like to do more complex queries involving the sequential order of annotations across different layers, e.g. find all the documents where there's a word tagged person followed by the words arrived at followed by a word tagged location. Such a query might look like: Query: "NER=Person Word=arrived Word=at NER=Location" What's a good way to go about approaching this with Lucene? Is there anyway to index and search over document fields that contain structured tokens?

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• What file format can I use to output a formatted text file straight from a program without having the markup be too complicated?

  - by Matt

  Premise: I am parsing a file that is quite nearly XML, but not quite. From this file I would like to extract data and output in a file that a user could open up in some program and read. To make the data reasonable, I would almost certainly need to format the text. In case it matters, I will probably be using Java to write the program. Problem: I cannot find a file format that supports formatting without having terribly complex rules and encoding problems. Attempts: I looked into a basic .txt extension first, but it does not have enough formatting advantage. I then tried a .rtf extension, but the rules for outputting text seem to be terribly complicated. It was then suggested that I used XML, but I do not understand how this file would be viewed. This appears to be probably the best solution, but I don't understand much about it. Perhaps somebody could shed some light here. In Other Words: Could somebody suggest and easy to use file format and/or shed some light on how to use XML for text formatting and viewing?

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• Create new or update existing entity at one go with JPA

  - by Alex R

  A have a JPA entity that has timestamp field and is distinguished by a complex identifier field. What I need is to update timestamp in an entity that has already been stored, otherwise create and store new entity with the current timestamp. As it turns out the task is not as simple as it seems from the first sight. The problem is that in concurrent environment I get nasty "Unique index or primary key violation" exception. Here's my code: // Load existing entity, if any. Entity e = entityManager.find(Entity.class, id); if (e == null) { // Could not find entity with the specified id in the database, so create new one. e = entityManager.merge(new Entity(id)); } // Set current time... e.setTimestamp(new Date()); // ...and finally save entity. entityManager.flush(); Please note that in this example entity identifier is not generated on insert, it is known in advance. When two or more of threads run this block of code in parallel, they may simultaneously get null from entityManager.find(Entity.class, id) method call, so they will attempt to save two or more entities at the same time, with the same identifier resulting in error. I think that there are few solutions to the problem. Sure I could synchronize this code block with a global lock to prevent concurrent access to the database, but would it be the most efficient way? Some databases support very handy MERGE statement that updates existing or creates new row if none exists. But I doubt that OpenJPA (JPA implementation of my choice) supports it. Event if JPA does not support SQL MERGE, I can always fall back to plain old JDBC and do whatever I want with the database. But I don't want to leave comfortable API and mess with hairy JDBC+SQL combination. There is a magic trick to fix it using standard JPA API only, but I don't know it yet. Please help.

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• getting data from dynamic schema

  - by coure2011

  I am using mongoose/nodejs to get data as json from mongodb. For using mongoose I need to define schema first like this var mongoose = require('mongoose'); var Schema = mongoose.Schema; var GPSDataSchema = new Schema({ createdAt: { type: Date, default: Date.now } ,speed: {type: String, trim: true} ,battery: { type: String, trim: true } }); var GPSData = mongoose.model('GPSData', GPSDataSchema); mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/gpsdatabase'); var db = mongoose.connection; db.on('open', function() { console.log('DB Started'); }); then in code I can get data from db like GPSData.find({"createdAt" : { $gte : dateStr, $lte: nextDate }}, function(err, data) { res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json", "Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*" }); var body = JSON.stringify(data); res.end(body); }); How to define scheme for a complex data like this, you can see that subSection can go to any deeper level. [ { 'title': 'Some Title', 'subSection': [{ 'title': 'Inner1', 'subSection': [ {'titile': 'test', 'url': 'ab/cd'} ] }] }, .. ]

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• about c# OBJECTS and the Possibilties it has.

  - by user527825

  As a novice programmer and i always wonder about c# capabilities.i know it is still early to judge that but all i want to know is can c# do complex stuffs or something outside windows OS. 1- I think c# is a proprietary language (i don't know if i said that right) meaning you can't do it outside visual studio or windows. 2-also you cant create your own controller(called object right?) like you are forced to use these available in toolbox and their properties and methods. 3-can c# be used with openGL API or DirectX API . 4-Finally it always bothers me when i think i start doing things in visual studio, i know it sounds arrogant to say but sometimes i feel that i don't like to be forced to use something even if its helpful, like i feel (do i have the right to feel?) that i want to do all things by myself? don't laugh i just feel that this will give me a better understanding. 5- is visual c# is like using MaxScript inside 3ds max in that c# is exclusive to do windows and forms and components that are windows related and maxscript is only for 3d editing and manipulation for various things in the software. If it is too difficult for a beginner i hope you don't answer the fourth question as i don't have enough motivation and i want to keep the little i have. thank you for your time. Note: 1-sorry for my English, i am self taught and never used the language with native speakers so expect so errors. 2-i have a lot of questions regarding many things, what is the daily ratio you think for asking (number of questions) that would not bother the admins of the site and the members here. thank you for your time.

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• How do I implement configurations and settings?

  - by Malvolio

  I'm writing a system that is deployed in several places and each site needs its own configurations and settings. A "configuration" is a named value that is necessary to a particular site (e.g., the database URL, S3 bucket name); every configuration is necessary, there is not usually a default, and it's typically string-valued. A setting is a named value but it just tweaks the behavior of the system; it's often numeric or Boolean, and there's usually some default. So far, I've been using property files or thing like them, but it's a terrible solution. Several times, a developer has added a requirement for a configuration but not added the value to file for the live configuration, so the new release passed all the tests, then failed when released to live. Better, of course, for every file to be compiled — so if there's a missing configuration, or one of the wrong type, it won't get past the compiler — and inject the site-specific class into the build for each site. As a bones, a Scala file can easy model more complex values, especially lists, but also maps and tuples. The downside is, the files are sometimes maintained by people who aren't developers, so it has to be pretty self-explanatory, which was the advantage of property files. (Someone explain XML configurations to me: all the complexity of a compilable file but the run-time risk of a property file.) What I'm looking for is an easy pattern for defining a group required names and allowable values. Any suggestions?

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• How to detect a gamepad button press on OSX 10.5 and higher?

  - by Steph Thirion

  How do I detect a button press on a USB gamepad on OSX 10.5 and higher? I can't wrap my head around the ridiculously complex HID Manager (even though apparently it was simplified with 10.5), and the code samples at Apple have thousands of lines of code that would take days to understand and isolate what I need, so I'd appreciate if someone posts a simple, and fully coded solution for this isolated problem. EDIT: so far all answers are links to source code or semi obscure libraries for all kinds of HID devices, which will require more research time than what I'd like to invest on this. I am starting a bounty to get an actual snippet of code that solves this simple problem (using an external library or not). EDIT POS BOUNTY: thanks to all for you help; but unfortunately the answer that has been automatically selected by the system is not working for me, can't figure out why; and the author has not yet replied to my comments. Any insight would be appreciated, but until a fix is found, anyone looking for resources on this topic should take this answer with a pinch of salt.

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• Getting the first of a GROUP BY clause in SQL

  - by Michael Bleigh

  I'm trying to implement single-column regionalization for a Rails application and I'm running into some major headaches with a complex SQL need. For this system, a region can be represented by a country code (e.g. us) a continent code that is uppercase (e.g. NA) or it can be NULL indicating the "default" information. I need to group these items by some relevant information such as a foreign key (we'll call it external_id). Given a country and its continent, I need to be able to select only the most specific region available. So if records exist with the country code, I select them. If, not I want a records with the continent code. If not that, I want records with a NULL code so I can receive the default values. So far I've figured that I may be able to use a generated CASE statement to get an arbitrary sort order. Something like this: SELECT *, CASE region WHEN 'us' THEN 1 WHEN 'NA' THEN 2 ELSE 3 END AS region_sort FROM my_table WHERE region IN ('us','NA') OR region IS NULL GROUP BY external_id ORDER BY region_sort The problem is that without an aggregate function the actual data returned by the GROUP BY for a given row seems to be untameable. How can I massage this query to make it return only the first record of the region_sort ordered groups?

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• Best practice to create WPF wrapper application displaying screens on demand.

  - by Robbie

  Context: I'm developing a WPF application which will contain a lot of different "screens". Each screen contains a which on its turn contains all the visual elements. Some elements trigger events (e.g., checkboxes), a screen has individual resources, etc. The main application is "wrapper" around these screens: it contains a menubar, toolbar, statusbar and alike (in a DockPanel) and space to display one screen. Through the menubar, the user can choose which screen he wants to display. Goal: I want to dynamically load & display & (event)handle one screen in the space in the main application. I don't want to copy & paste all the "wrapper" stuff in all the different screens. And As I have many complex screens (around 300 - luckily auto-generated), I don't want to load all of them at the start of the application, but only upon request. Question: What do you recommend as the best way to realize this? What kind of things should I use and investigate: Pages or windows or User Control for the screens? Does this affect the event handling?

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• How to filter Many2Many / Generic Relations properly with Q?

  - by HWM-Rocker

  Hi, I have 3 Models, the TaggedObject has a GenericRelation with the ObjectTagBridge. And the ObjectTagBridge has a ForeignKey to the Tag Model. class TaggedObject(models.Model): """ class that represent a tagged object """ tags = generic.GenericRelation('ObjectTagBridge', blank=True, null=True) class ObjectTagBridge(models.Model): """ Help to connect a generic object to a Tag. """ # pylint: disable-msg=W0232,R0903 content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') tag = models.ForeignKey('Tag') class Tag(models.Model): ... when I am attaching a Tag to an Object, I am creating a new ObjectTagBridge and set its ForeignKey tag to the Tag I want to attach. That is working fine, and I can get all Tags that I attached to my Object very easy. But when I want to get (filter) all Objects that have Tag1 and Tag2 I tried to something like this: query = Q(tags__tag=Tag1) & Q(tags__tag=Tag2) object_list = TaggedObjects.filter(query) but now my object_list is empty, because it is looking for TaggedObjects that have one ObjectTagBridge with 2 tag objects, the first with Tag1 and the second with Tag2. I my application will be more complex Q queries than this one, so I think I need a solution with this Q object. In fact any combination of binary conjunctions, like: (...) and ( (...) or not(...)) How can I filter this correctly? Every answer is welcome, maybe there is also a different way do achieve this. thx for your help!!!

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