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• Why does Python's __import__ require fromlist?

  - by ieure

  In Python, if you want to programmatically import a module, you can do: module = __import__('module_name') If you want to import a submodule, you would think it would be a simple matter of: module = __import__('module_name.submodule') Of course, this doesn't work; you just get module_name again. You have to do: module = __import__('module_name.submodule', fromlist=['blah']) Why? The actual value of fromlist don't seem to matter at all, as long as it's non-empty. What is the point of requiring an argument, then ignoring its values? Most stuff in Python seems to be done for good reason, but for the life of me, I can't come up with any reasonable explanation for this behavior to exist.

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• Dynamic CSS class names in GWT

  - by Anupam Jain

  I am in the process of porting a simple CSS grid system to GWT. My CSS file currently has classes like .size1, .size2 etc., and I have a CSS resource that looks like - class MyResource extends CSSResource { @ClassName("size1") String size1(); @ClassName("size2") String size2(); // And so on } However what I really want, is to have a single function like the following - String size(int size); which will generate the appropriate class when passed the size as an integer at runtime. This is needed as I perform some calculations to determine the actual space available/needed for a widget in javascript and then attach the appropriate class name. Is this something that is even possible with GWT?

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• Validation errors from Google App Engine Logout link

  - by goggin13

  I am making a web page using the Google App Engine. I am validating my pages, and found that the logout link that is generated by the call to the users api (in python) users.create_logout_url(request.uri) does not validate as XHTML 1.0 Strict. The href in the anchor tag looks like this: /_ah/login?continue=http%3A//localhost%3A8080/&action=Logout Including a link with this anchor text throws three different validation errors: *general entity "action" not defined and no default entity *reference to entity "action" for which no system identifier could be generated *EntityRef: expecting ';' Here is a dummy page with the anchor tag in it, if you want to try it on w3c validator.Dummy Page. The logout link wont work, but you can see how the page is valid without it, but the actual text inside the href tag breaks the validation. Any thoughts on whats going on? Thank you!

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• How do polymorphic inline caches work with mutable types?

  - by kingkilr

  A polymorphic inline cache works by caching the actual method by the type of the object, in order to avoid the expensive lookup procedures (usually a hashtable lookup). How does one handle the type comparison if the type objects are mutable (i.e. the method might be monkey patched into something different at run time). The one idea I've come up with would be a "class counter" that gets incremented each time a method is adjusted, however this seems like it would be exceptionally expensive in a heavily monkey patched environ since it would kill all the PICs for that class, even if the methods for them weren't altered. I'm sure there must be a good solution to this, as this issue is directly applicable to Javascript and AFAIK all 3 of the big JS VMs have PICs (wow acronym ahoy).

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• Getting true video Height/Width from ASF videos

  - by David

  I am trying to convert an ASF video with FFMPEG using an interface called mediahandler. The issue is, the metadata on the ASF video appears to be corrupt. It states that the video is 640x240, and 4:3 aspect ratio. The aspect ratio is correct, but obviously the resolution is not. This causes the converter to incorrectly scale the video, because it uses the resolution to determine the original aspect ratio. I am able to get the aspect ratio metadata, but I'm not sure this solves the issue, because I would think that if the resolution could be incorrect, then so could the aspect ratio metadata. So, is there any way to get the actual height/width? It appears that players like VLC have no issue with this. How do I do such a thing w/ FFMPEG?

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• hibernate versioning parent entity

  - by Priit

  Consider two entities Parent and Child. Child is part of Parent's transient collection Child has a ManyToOne mapping to parent with FetchType.LAZY Both are displayed on the same form to a user. When user saves the data we first update Parent instance and then Child collection (both using merge). Now comes the tricky part. When user modifies only Child property on the form then hibernate dirty checking does not update Parent instance and thus does not increase optimistic locking version number for that entity. I would like to see situation where only Parent is versioned and every time I call merge for Parent then version is always updated even if actual update is not executed in db.

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• Exception Handling in MVP Passive View

  - by ilmatte

  Hello, I'm wondering what's the preferred way to manage exceptions in an MVP implemented with a Passive View. There's a discussion in my company about putting try/catch blocks in the presenter or only in the view. In my opinion the logical top level caller is the presenter (even if the actual one is the view). Moreover I can test the presenter and not the view. This is the reason why I prefer to define a method in the view interface: IView.ShowError(error) and invoke it from the catch blocks in the presenter: try { } catch (Exception exception) { ...log exception... view.ShowError("An error occurred") } In this way the developers of future views can safely forget to implement exception handling but the IView interface force them to implement a ShowError method. The drawback is that if I want to feel completely safe I need to add redundant try/catch blocks in the view. The other way would be to add try catch blocks only in the views and not introducing the showerror method in the view interface. What do you suggest?

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• Should I use implicit conversions to enforce preconditions?

  - by Malvolio

  It occurs to me that I could use use implicit conversions to both announce and enforce preconditions. Consider this: object NonNegativeDouble { implicit def int2nnd(d : Double) : NonNegativeDouble = new NonNegativeDouble(d) implicit def nnd2int(d : NonNegativeDouble) : Double = d.v def sqrt(n : NonNegativeDouble) : NonNegativeDouble = scala.math.sqrt(n) } class NonNegativeDouble(val v : Double ) { if (v < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative value") } } object Test { def t1 = { val d : Double = NonNegativeDouble.sqrt(3.0); printf("%f\n", d); val n : Double = NonNegativeDouble.sqrt(-3.0); } } Ignore for the moment the actual vacuity of the example: my point is, the subclass NonNegativeDouble expresses the notion that a function only takes a subset of the entire range of the class's values. First is this: A good idea, a bad idea, or an obvious idea everybody else already knows about Second, this would be most useful with basic types, like Int and String. Those classes are final, of course, so is there a good way to not only use the restricted type in functions (that's what the second implicit is for) but also delegate to all methods on the underlying value (short of hand-implementing every delegation)?

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• StringBuilder/StringBuffer vs. "+" Operator

  - by matt.seil

  I'm reading "Better, Faster, Lighter Java" (by Bruce Tate and Justin Gehtland) and am familiar with the readability requirements in agile type teams, such as what Robert Martin discusses in his clean coding books. On the team I'm on now, I've been told explicitly not to use the "+" operator because it creates extra (and unnecessary) string objects during runtime. But this article: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp01274.html Written back in '04 talks about how object allocation is about 10 machine instructions. (essentially free) It also talks about how the GC also helps to reduce costs in this environment. What is the actual performance tradeoffs between using "+," "StringBuilder," or "StringBuffer?" (In my case it is StringBuffer only as we are limited to Java 1.4.2.) StringBuffer to me results in ugly, less readable code, as a couple of examples in Tate's book demonstrates. And StringBuffer is thread-synchronized which seems to have its own costs that outweigh the "danger" in using the "+" operator. Thoughts/Opinions?

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• How to implement arrays in an interpreter?

  - by Ray

  I have managed to write several interpreters including Tokenizing Parsing, including more complicated expressions such as ((x+y)*z)/2 Building bytecode from syntax trees Actual bytecode execution What I didn't manage: Implementation of dictionaries/lists/arrays. I always got stuck with getting multiple values into one variable. My value structure (used for all values passed around, including variables) looks like this, for example: class Value { public: ValueType type; int integerValue; string stringValue; } Works fine with integers and strings, but how could I implement arrays? (From now on with array I mean arrays in my experimental language, not in C++) How can I fit the array concept into the Value class above? Is it possible? How should I make arrays able to be passed around just as you could pass around integers and strings in my language, using the class above? Accessing array elements or memory allocation wouldn't be the problem, I just don't know how to store them.

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• Easiest way to convert json data into objects with methods attached?

  - by John Mee

  What's the quickest and easiest way to convert my json, containing the data of the objects, into actual objects with methods attached? By way of example, I get data for a fruitbowl with an array of fruit objects which in turn contain an array of seeds thus: {"fruitbowl": [{ "name": "apple", "color": "red", "seeds": [] },{ "name": "orange", "color": "orange", "seeds": [ {"size":"small","density":"hard"}, {"size":"small","density":"soft"} ]} } That's all nice and good but down on the client we do stuff with this fruit, like eat it and plant trees... var fruitbowl = [] function Fruit(name, color, seeds){ this.name = name this.color = color this.seeds = seeds this.eat = function(){ // munch munch } } function Seed(size, density){ this.size = size this.density = density this.plant = function(){ // grow grow } } My ajax's success routine currently is currently looping over the thing and constructing each object in turn and it doesn't handle the seeds yet, because before I go looping over seed constructors I'm thinking Is there not a better way? success: function(data){ fruitbowl.length = 0 $.each(data.fruitbowl, function(i, f){ fruitbowl.push(new Fruit(f.name, f.color, f.seeds)) }) I haven't explored looping over the objects as they are and attaching all the methods. Would that work?

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• Predicting performance for an iPhone/iPod Touch App

  - by Avizz

  I don't have an iPhone Developer Program Account yet and will be getting one in the next couple of days. Can instruments be used with the simulator to give a rough estimate on how well my app may perform? Using instruments I checked and fixed all the leaks it was detecting, and it appears that my memory usage maxes out at about 5.77mb. Is there any other tests I could perform with instruments to judge how well my app would perform? I realize there is no way other then the actual device to get a definite answer, it would be nice to get an estimate.

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• TFS no release folder in build folder

  - by brian b

  I have a tfs build that works fine on the client, but when executed on the server, no actual binaries get created. When I go to the folder: \[MyServer]\builds[BuildName], I see BuildLog.txt ErrorsWarningsLog.txt Release.txt I expect to see a big \Release folder full of my dlls, but I get nothing. The error log reports no problems up until we ask the build to copy the binaries to our staging server. If I comment those out, I get no errors. CustomizableOutDir is true, DropLocation is set to something sensible BuildDirectoryPath is set to something sensible But no matter what, I just don't get any dlls built. Our local TFS guy is baffled too. Any suggestions?

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• jQuery UI sortable issue

  - by colourandcode

  When I try to use a sortable event . (For instance the stop() event) It only works when I bind it using : $('.selector').bind('sortstop', function(event, ui) { ... }); rather than $('.selector').sortable({ stop: function(event, ui) { ... } }); Is there a missing piece in this? The only reason I ask is because when I bind using the actual bind() method it's not giving me access to the event or ui parameters I pass in. I'm always returned undefined.

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• How to write my own download manager using Objective C for iOS devices

  - by Saurabh

  I am writing a download manager for iPhone using objective C. I am using ASIHTTP framework and its working great. But my problem is I am not able to download from file sharing sites like filesonic, rapidshare, hotfile etc. I want to know how can I get download (actual download) url from these sites, or at least how these sites are hiding this info (and where), so I can get that somehow... Is there any open source library or framework to help me with this? How firefox or other desktop browser get this link? Any help will be much appreciated! Update 1 : I don't want to bypass their advertising and revenue streams. Almost all file sharing companies also provide free downloads with low bandwidth, I only want to use that service. there are many download managers available now for iPhone like - "Downloads Lite". I just want to build a similar functionality.

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• Iterate set covered by cross-product of ranges in ruby

  - by wilsona

  I figured this answer had been asked before, so I searched, but I couldn't find anything. Granted, there are a ton of Ruby Array questions, so it might be there, just buried. In any case, I'm trying to reduce a cross-product of ranges, returning a sum of all elements of the cross-product that meet some set of conditions. To construct a trivial example, if I have an array like this: [0..1,0..1,0..1] I'd like to iterate over this set: [ [0,0,0], [0,0,1], [0,1,0], [0,1,1], [1,0,0], [1,0,1], [1,1,0], [1,1,1] ] and return a sum based the condition "return 1 if i[0] == 1 and i[2] == 0" (which would give 2). In my contrived example, I could do it like this: br = 0..1 br.reduce(0){|sumx, x| sumx + br.reduce(0){|sumy, y| sumy + br.reduce(0){|sumz, z| sumz + (x == 1 and z == 0 ? 1 : 0) } } } , but in the actual application, the set of ranges might be much larger, and nesting reduces that way would get quite ugly. Is there a better way?

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• 302 Redirect to Images in IE8 do not render image

  - by empire29

  I am helping migrate a legacy application. One of the requirements is we are able to handle requests for old images. What we have is: New site on new.com Old site on old.com Images to links (imported content) point to /imgs/cat.png however the actual image is hosted on old.com/assets/images/cat.png (for now). <img src="/imgs/cat.png"/> I setup a redirect for all png, jpg, jpeg, gif that 302's requests for new.com/imgs/(.*).(png|jpg|jpeg|gif) to http://old.com/assets/images/$1.$2 Everything works find in Chrome, Firefox and IE9 - however it was noted in IE8 the image does not render. Its possible that it has the same issue in IE7, 6 and 5.5 however I have not been able to test this. Does anyone know why this is happening and how to fix? I tried setting the contentType header on the response of the 302's to image/(png|jpg|jpeg|gif) and this did not have any impact. Any insight would be appreciated.

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• How to use a servlet to repsond to a request for an object

  - by Rick

  I'm sure this is easy, but I don't work with website development very often and I'm lost on this one. I have a web application that needs to support multiple clients with different settings, icons and other content. The contents of these files are in separate directories for each client. What I would like to do is respond to a request sent to a jsp/java servlet. The servlet will look up the proper folder location in a database (I have the database stuff working) and send the actual object to the requesting page whether it is xml, graphic or video. How do I do that? What methods should I be using. Help I'm lost! :(

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• Object reference not set to an instance of an object - how to find the offending object name in the

  - by Jason

  This is the bane of my programming existence. After deploying an application, when this error crops up, no amount of debug dump tells you WHAT object was not instantiated. I have the call stack, that's great, it tells me roughly where the object is, but is there any way to get .NET to tell me the actual name of the object? If you catch them while debugging, of course the program breaks right on the offending creature, but if it happens after the program is in the wild, good luck. There has to be a way. I've explored the exceptions returned in these instances and there is just nothing helpful.

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• Should we use a CSS frame work ? Are they worth it ?

  - by Gaurav M

  CSS frameworks have nice styles inbuilt and ask you to focuses on the grids but still there is a bit of dependency and lack of freedom it provide.. If I need to generate a webpage by looking on a PSD based mockup screen ..either i will use the classes provided by the framework but if that actual measurements does not exist I need to again specify my own rules that will add upto my CSS filesize and if performance is a constraint as always it is...you need not a big size file..though its in kb but every drop counts. Any comments and suggestions to use the framework in a best possible way.

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• C++ Urban Myths

  - by Neil Butterworth

  I'm starting to write an article on what I'm calling "C++ Urban Myths" - that is, ideas and conceptions about C++ that are common but have no actual roots in reality. Some that I've come up with so far are: TR1 is part of standard C++ TR1 (technical Report #1) proposed a whole bunch of changes to C++. Unfortunately, it was never accepted. It is faster to use iterators to access a vector than operator[] Or vice versa. All tests I've carried out indicate the two are nearly identical in performance. The C++ Standard contains something called the STL It doesn't - neither "STL" nor "Standard Template Library" appear in the Standard. I'm wondering if the SO C++ community can come up with any better ones? Ideally, they should be expressible in a single sentence, and not involve any code. Edit: I guess I didn't make it clear enough that I was interested in myths believed by C++ developers, not misconceptions held by non-C++users. Oh well...

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• JAVA or JAVA SCRIPT OR Idoc SCRIPT alphabetical sort

  - by tito86

  Hi folks, I have a task: All items within categories should be sorted alphabetically except for Examples. Special characters and numbers should be displayed before letters. I'm facing with a problem. Most of standart sort functions and plugins are being used the ASCII table. In this table the following symboles: ~,},{ etc. have the index more than letters,for example: Actual result of sorting is: 1 - #1 A T 2 - A T 3 - {C T I need to get: 1 - #1 A T 2 - {C T 3 - A T Plese give me your piece of advice or sny examples ASAP. Best Regards.

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• Python: Unpack arbitary length bits for database storage

  - by sberry2A

  I have a binary data format consisting of 18,000+ packed int64s, ints, shorts, bytes and chars. The data is packed to minimize it's size, so they don't always use byte sized chunks. For example, a number whose min and max value are 31, 32 respectively might be stored with a single bit where the actual value is bitvalue + min, so 0 is 31 and 1 is 32. I am looking for the most efficient way to unpack all of these for subsequent processing and database storage. Right now I am able to read any value by using either struct.unpack, or BitBuffer. I use struct.unpack for any data that starts on a bit where (bit-offset % 8 == 0 and data-length % 8 == 0) and I use BitBuffer for anything else. I know the offset and size of every packed piece of data, so what is going to be the fasted way to completely unpack them? Many thanks.

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• Switching Javascript Function states

  - by webzide

  Dear experts, I would like to implement a API of Javascript that sort of resemble a light switch. For instance, there are two buttons on the actual HTML page act as the UI. Both of the buttons have event handlers that invokes a different function. Each function have codes that act like a state, for instance. button1.onclick=function (){ $("div").click( //code effects 2 ) } button2.onclick=function (){ $("div").click( //Code effects 2 ) } I the code works fine on the surface but the 2 state functions overlap. the effects is going to take place for the rest of the way until the next reload of the document. Basically what I want to achieve is that when 1 button is clicked, it will switch "OFF" the state of function invoked by the other button and vice versa. Thus, the effects achieved are unique are not overlapped. Is there anyway to achieve this or could any experts point me to the right direction. Thanks in advance.

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• How to set background image in Java?

  - by Dew

  I am developing a simple platform game using Java using BlueJ as the IDE. Right now I have player/enemy sprites, platforms and other items in the game drawn using polygons and simple shapes. Eventually I hope to replace them with actual images. For now I would like to know what is the simplest solution to setting an image (either URL or from local source) as the 'background' of my game window/canvas? I would appreciate it if it isn't something long or complex as my programming skills aren't very good and I want to keep my program as simple as possible. Kindly provide example codes with comments to elaborate on their function, and also if it's in its own class, how to call on relevant methods used by it on other classes. Thank you very much.

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