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  • Accessing type members outside the class in Scala

    - by Pekka Mattila
    Hi, I am trying to understand type members in Scala. I wrote a simple example that tries to explain my question. First, I created two classes for types: class BaseclassForTypes class OwnType extends BaseclassForTypes Then, I defined an abstract type member in trait and then defined the type member in a concerete class: trait ScalaTypesTest { type T <: BaseclassForTypes def returnType: T } class ScalaTypesTestImpl extends ScalaTypesTest { type T = OwnType override def returnType: T = { new T } } Then, I want to access the type member (yes, the type is not needed here, but this explains my question). Both examples work. Solution 1. Declaring the type, but the problem here is that it does not use the type member and the type information is duplicated (caller and callee). val typeTest = new ScalaTypesTestImpl val typeObject:OwnType = typeTest.returnType // declare the type second time here true must beTrue Solution 2. Initializing the class and using the type through the object. I don't like this, since the class needs to be initialized val typeTest = new ScalaTypesTestImpl val typeObject:typeTest.T = typeTest.returnType // through an instance true must beTrue So, is there a better way of doing this or are type members meant to be used only with the internal implementation of a class?

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  • Problem with a blocking network task

    - by user326967
    Hello everyone. I'm new in Java so please forgive any obscene errors that I may make :) I'm developing a program in Java that among other things it should also handle clients that will connect to a server. The server has 3 threads running, and I have created them in the following way : DaemonForUI du; DaemonForPort da; DaemonForCheck dc; da = new DaemonForPort(3); dc = new DaemonForCheck(5); du = new DaemonForUI(7); Thread t_port = new Thread(da); Thread t_check = new Thread(dc); Thread t_ui = new Thread(du); t_port.setName("v1.9--PORTd"); t_check.setName("v1.9-CHECKd"); t_ui.setName("v1.9----UId"); t_port.start(); t_check.start(); t_ui.start(); Each thread handles a different aspect of the complete program. The thread t_ui is responsible to accept asynchronous incoming connections from clients, process the sent data and send other data back to the client. When I remove all the commands from the previous piece of code that has to with the t_ui thread, everything runs ok which in my case means that the other threads are printing their debug messages. If I set the t_ui thread to run too, then the whole program blocks at the "accept" of the t_ui thread. After reading at online manuals I saw that the accepted connections should be non-blocking, therefore use something like that : public ServerSocketChannel ssc = null; ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open(); ssc.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port)); ssc.configureBlocking(false); SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept(); if (sc == null) { ; } else { System.out.println("The server and client are connected!"); System.out.println("Incoming connection from: " + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress()); in = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(sc.socket().getInputStream())); out = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(sc.socket().getOutputStream())); //other magic things take place after that point... The thread for t_ui is created as follows : class DaemonForUI implements Runnable{ private int cnt; private int rr; public ListenerForUI serverListener; public DaemonForUI(int rr){ cnt = 0; this.rr = rr; serverListener = new ListenerForUI(); } public static String getCurrentTime() { final String DATE_FORMAT_NOW = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT_NOW); return (sdf.format(cal.getTime())); } public void run() { while(true) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t (" + cnt + ")\t (every " + rr + " sec) @ " + getCurrentTime()); try{ Thread.sleep(rr * 1000); cnt++; } catch (InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } } Obviously, I'm doing something wrong at the creation of the socket or at the use of the thread. Do you know what is causing the problem? Every help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Measuring Programmers' Productivity. Bad, good or invasive?

    - by Fraga
    A client needs my company to develop an app that will be able to measure the programmer productivity, by getting information from VS, IE, SSMS, profiler and VMware. For example: Lines, Methods, Classes (Added, Deleted, Modified) How many time spent in certain file, class, method, specific task, etc. How many time in different stages of the development cycle (Design, Coding, Debugging, Compiling, Testing) Real lines of code. Etc They told me they want to implement PSP. Would you resign if a company wants to measure this way? OR Would you install this kind of software for self improvement?

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  • I don't understand how work call_once

    - by SABROG
    Please help me understand how work call_once Here is thread-safe code. I don't understand why this need Thread Local Storage and global_epoch variables. Variable _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch can be changed to constant/enum like {FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT, BEING_INITIALIZED, FINISH_INITIALIZED}. Why needed count calls in global_epoch? I think this code can be rewriting with logc: if flag FINISH_INITIALIZED do nothing, else go to block with mutexes and this all. #ifndef FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_H #define FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_H #include #include typedef sig_atomic_t fast_pthread_once_t; #define FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT SIG_ATOMIC_MAX extern __thread fast_pthread_once_t _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch; #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif extern void fast_pthread_once( pthread_once_t *once, void (*func)(void) ); inline static void fast_pthread_once_inline( fast_pthread_once_t *once, void (*func)(void) ) { fast_pthread_once_t x = *once; /* unprotected access */ if ( x _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch ) { fast_pthread_once( once, func ); } } #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_H Source fast_pthread_once.c The source is written in C. The lines of the primary function are numbered for reference in the subsequent correctness argument. #include "fast_pthread_once.h" #include static pthread_mutex_t mu = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; /* protects global_epoch and all fast_pthread_once_t writes */ static pthread_cond_t cv = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER; /* signalled whenever a fast_pthread_once_t is finalized */ #define BEING_INITIALIZED (FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT - 1) static fast_pthread_once_t global_epoch = 0; /* under mu */ __thread fast_pthread_once_t _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch; static void check( int x ) { if ( x == 0 ) abort(); } void fast_pthread_once( fast_pthread_once_t *once, void (*func)(void) ) { /*01*/ fast_pthread_once_t x = *once; /* unprotected access */ /*02*/ if ( x _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch ) { /*03*/ check( pthread_mutex_lock(µ) == 0 ); /*04*/ if ( *once == FAST_PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT ) { /*05*/ *once = BEING_INITIALIZED; /*06*/ check( pthread_mutex_unlock(µ) == 0 ); /*07*/ (*func)(); /*08*/ check( pthread_mutex_lock(µ) == 0 ); /*09*/ global_epoch++; /*10*/ *once = global_epoch; /*11*/ check( pthread_cond_broadcast(&cv;) == 0 ); /*12*/ } else { /*13*/ while ( *once == BEING_INITIALIZED ) { /*14*/ check( pthread_cond_wait(&cv;, µ) == 0 ); /*15*/ } /*16*/ } /*17*/ _fast_pthread_once_per_thread_epoch = global_epoch; /*18*/ check (pthread_mutex_unlock(µ) == 0); } } This code from BOOST: #ifndef BOOST_THREAD_PTHREAD_ONCE_HPP #define BOOST_THREAD_PTHREAD_ONCE_HPP // once.hpp // // (C) Copyright 2007-8 Anthony Williams // // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See // accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) #include #include #include #include "pthread_mutex_scoped_lock.hpp" #include #include #include namespace boost { struct once_flag { boost::uintmax_t epoch; }; namespace detail { BOOST_THREAD_DECL boost::uintmax_t& get_once_per_thread_epoch(); BOOST_THREAD_DECL extern boost::uintmax_t once_global_epoch; BOOST_THREAD_DECL extern pthread_mutex_t once_epoch_mutex; BOOST_THREAD_DECL extern pthread_cond_t once_epoch_cv; } #define BOOST_ONCE_INITIAL_FLAG_VALUE 0 #define BOOST_ONCE_INIT {BOOST_ONCE_INITIAL_FLAG_VALUE} // Based on Mike Burrows fast_pthread_once algorithm as described in // http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2444.html template void call_once(once_flag& flag,Function f) { static boost::uintmax_t const uninitialized_flag=BOOST_ONCE_INITIAL_FLAG_VALUE; static boost::uintmax_t const being_initialized=uninitialized_flag+1; boost::uintmax_t const epoch=flag.epoch; boost::uintmax_t& this_thread_epoch=detail::get_once_per_thread_epoch(); if(epoch #endif I right understand, boost don't use atomic operation, so code from boost not thread-safe?

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  • What could be the Java successor Oracle wants to invest in?

    - by deamon
    I've read that Oracle wants to invest into another language than Java: "On the other hand, Oracle has been particularly supportive of alternative JVM languages. Adam Messinger ( http://www.linkedin.com/in/adammessinger ) was pretty blunt at the JVM Languages Summit this year about Java the language reaching it's logical end and how Oracle is looking for a 'higher level' language to 'put significant investment into.'" But what language could be the one Oracle wants to invest in? Is there another candidate than Scala?

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  • How to print "Hello, world!" (in every possible way)

    - by Attila Oláh
    Here's what I', trying to do: 1 language: (Python < 3): print "Hello, world!" 2 languages: (Python < 3 & Windows Shell, aka .bat file): rem=""" echo "Hello, world!" exit """ print "Hello, world!" Next step could be something like bash. Since the above one raises an exception, I tried to make it not raise exceptions, like this: rem=""" echo "Hello, world!" exit """ exit="" exit print "Hello, world!" The only issue is, of course, it won't print the hello world. And I really want it to print that hello world for me. Anyone can help with this? Also, any other language would do it, just don't break the previous ones (i.e. the answer still has to be valid Python code and print out the nice hello world greeting when run with Python.) Any ideas are welcome. I'm making this a community wiki so feel free to add ideas to the list.

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  • F# exercise help - Beginner

    - by bobjink
    I hope you can help me with these exercises I have been stuck with. I am not in particular looking for the answers. Tips that help me solve them myself are just as good :) 1. Write a function implode : char list - string so that implode s returns the characters concatenated into a string: let implode (cArray:char list) = List.foldBack (+) 0 cArray;; Error. I am thinking that i need to cast every char to strings before I do the above. I bet however, that there is a much simpler and better solution. 2. Write a function palindrome : string - bool, so that palindrome s returns true if the string s is a palindrome let isIdentical cArray1 cArray2 = (cArray1 = cArray2);; let palinDrome (word:string) = isIdentical(word.ToCharArray(), Array.rev(word.ToCharArray()));; I get the value: val palinDrome : string - (char [] * char [] - bool), which is not what I want. 3. Write a function combinePair : int list - int list so that combinePair xs returns the list with elements from xs combined into pairs. If xs contains an odd number of elements, then the last element is thrown away: I have no idea for this one.

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  • Python: Cannot concatenate str and NoneType objects

    - by Chase Higgins
    sql = """ INSERT INTO [SCHOOLINFO] VALUES( '""" + self.accountNo + """', '""" + self.altName + """', '""" + self.address1 + """', '""" + self.address2 + """', '""" + self.city + """', '""" + self.state + """', '""" + self.zipCode + """', '""" + self.phone1 + """', '""" + self.phone2 + """', '""" + self.fax + """', '""" + self.contactName + """', '""" + self.contactEmail + """', '""" + self.prize_id + """', '""" + self.shipping + """', '""" + self.chairTempPass + """', '""" + self.studentCount + """' ) """; I have the following code and Python keeps throwing the error that it cannon concatenate strings and nonetype objects. The thing is I have verified every variable here is in fact a string and is not null. I have been stuck on this for quite some time today, and any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • How to File Transfer client to Server?

    - by Phsika
    i try to recieve a file from server but give me error on server.Start() ERROR : In a manner not permitted by the access permissions to access a socket was attempted to How can i solve it? private void btn_Recieve_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { TcpListener server = null; // Set the TcpListener on port 13000. Int32 port = 13000; IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.201"); // TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port); server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port); // Start listening for client requests. server.Start(); // Buffer for reading data Byte[] bytes = new Byte[277577]; String data; data = null; // Perform a blocking call to accept requests. // You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here. TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient(); NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); int i; i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, 277577); BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(File.Open("GoodLuckToMe.jpg", FileMode.Create)); writer.Write(bytes); writer.Close(); client.Close(); }

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  • Software Development Lifecycle

    - by j-t-s
    Hi All Our investor wants a SDLC. I've never written one before, and I don't have enough time to go and buy a book, or spend much time learning about them. But from what I'vebeen told about them, is basically that you need to list requirements (what needs to be done), and list what has already been done. Is this correct? thank you

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  • How to counter the "one true language" perspective?

    - by Rob Wells
    How do you work with someone when they haven't been able to see that there is a range of other languages out there beyond "The One True Path"? I mean someone who hasn't realised that the modern software professional has a range of tools in his toolbox. The person whose knee jerk reaction is, for example, "We must do this is C++!" "Everything must be done in C++!" What's the best approach to open people up to the fact that "not everything is a nail"? How may I introduce them to having a well-equipped toolbox, selecting the best tool for the job at hand?

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  • packet mmap send packet format

    - by SeregASM
    I want to improve packet transmitting performance. Before that I used raw sockets and now I study packet_mmap. I have packets(frames) which I already captured from kernel module from another PC, put to current PC and now I want to retransmit them to local interface with following forwarding. I have got example of packet_mmap, integrated it to my project, but I send fd_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL)); memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = PF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL); strcpy(str_devname, "eth0"); strncpy(s_ifr.ifr_name, str_devname, sizeof(s_ifr.ifr_name)); ec = ioctl(fd_socket, SIOCGIFINDEX, &s_ifr); i_ifindex = s_ifr.ifr_ifindex; memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = AF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = ETH_P_ALL; my_addr.sll_ifindex = i_ifindex; bind(fd_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll) s_packet_req.tp_block_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_frame_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_block_nr = c_buffer_nb; s_packet_req.tp_frame_nr = c_buffer_nb; size = s_packet_req.tp_block_size * s_packet_req.tp_block_nr; if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_TX_RING, (char *) &s_packet_req, sizeof(s_packet_req)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt: PACKET_TX_RING"); return; } if (c_sndbuf_sz) { printf("send buff size = %d\n", c_sndbuf_sz); if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &c_sndbuf_sz, sizeof(c_sndbuf_sz)) < 0){ perror("getsockopt: SO_SNDBUF"); exit(1); } } data_offset = TPACKET_HDRLEN - sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll); printf("data offset = %d bytes\n", data_offset); ps_header_start = (tpacket_hdr *) mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd_socket, 0); if (ps_header_start == (void*) -1) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } Then I fill data ps_header = ((struct tpacket_hdr *) ((char *) ps_header_start + (c_buffer_sz * i_index))); if (!ps_header) { perror("ps_header") ; return NULL; } data = ((char*) ps_header) + data_offset; switch ((volatile uint32_t) ps_header->tp_status) { case TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE: printf("TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE, index=%d\n",i_index) ; memcpy(data, packet_data, size); pthread_mutex_lock(&index_locker) ; i_index++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&index_locker) ; if (i_index >= c_buffer_nb) { i_index = 0; first_loop = 0; } /* update packet len */ ps_header->tp_len = size; /* set header flag to USER (trigs xmit)*/ ps_header->tp_status = TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST; then I send ec_send = sendto(fd_socket, NULL, 0, 0, (struct sockaddr *) ps_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); I have got no errors, ec_send=not null size of sended data. But there are no data routed to destination host. So, I ask - what data I should pass to ring buffer, now I include headers ip,tcp, should I include MAC header? - May be I have to set additional flags to route my packets.

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  • List of Lua derived VMs and Languages

    - by Shane Holloway
    Is there a compendium of virtual machines and languages derived or inspired by Lua? By derived, I mean usage beyond embedding and extending with modules. I'm wanting to research the Lua technology tree, and am looking for our combined knowledge of what already exists. Current List: Bright - A C-like Lua Derivative http://bluedino.net/luapix/Bright.pdf Agena - An Algol68/SQL like Lua Derivative http://agena.sourceforge.net/ LuaJIT - A (very impressive) JIT for Lua http://luajit.org MetaLua - An ML-style language extension http://metalua.luaforge.net/

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  • How to handle Socket Exception ideally?

    - by cbz
    Hi, I'm using socket for chat application and I get SocketException unexpectedly. How this exception should ideally be handled? I'm currently simply reconnecting socket. How to make sure my socket is live on application level? I'm aware of method setKeepAlive

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  • Inform me when site (server) is online again

    - by dede
    When I ping one site it returns "Request timed out". I want to make little program that will inform me (sound beep or something like that) when this server is online again. No matter in which language. I think it should be very simple script with a several lines of code. So how to write it?

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  • Consuming Web Services in Netbeans

    - by Seven
    Hi. I've setup a project in Netbeans 6.5 with some web services that I've created myself and some web services that I've imported from WSDL files. I've setup a couple of desktop application through Netbeans in order to consume these web services. I'm not too sure where to go from here. I have the GUI setup but not sure how to reference the web services so they can be consumed. I was wondering would anybody be able to guide me through this process or point me in the direction of a relevant tutorial. I'd also like to learn how to consume a web service through a JSP (also created in Netbeans) if possible. Thanks.

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  • Why does this Object wonk out & get deleted ?

    - by brainydexter
    Stepping through the debugger, the BBox object is okay at the entry of the function, but as soon as it enters the function, the vfptr object points to 0xccccc. I don't get it. What is causing this ? Why is there a virtual table reference in there when the object is not derived from other class. (Though, it resides in GameObject from which my Player class inherits and I retrieve the BBox from within player. But, why does the BBox have the reference ? Shouldn't it be player who should be maintained in that reference ?) For 1; some code for reference: A. I retrieve the bounding box from player. This returns a bounding box as expected. I then send its address to GetGridCells. const BoundingBox& l_Bbox = l_pPlayer-GetBoundingBox(); boost::unordered_set < Cell*, CellPHash & l_GridCells = GetGridCells ( &l_Bbox ); B. This is where a_pBoundingBox goes crazy and gets that garbage value. boost::unordered_set< Cell*, CellPHash CollisionMgr::GetGridCells(const BoundingBox *a_pBoundingBox) { I think the following code is also pertinent, so I'm sticking this in here anyways: const BoundingBox& Player::GetBoundingBox(void) { return BoundingBox( &GetBoundingSphere() ); } const BoundingSphere& Player::GetBoundingSphere(void) { BoundingSphere& l_BSphere = m_pGeomMesh-m_BoundingSphere; l_BSphere.m_Center = GetPosition(); return l_BSphere; } // BoundingBox Constructor BoundingBox(const BoundingSphere* a_pBoundingSphere); Can anyone please give me some idea as to why this is happening? Also, if you want me to post more code, please do let me know. Thanks!

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  • Function overloading by return type?

    - by dsimcha
    Why don't more mainstream statically typed languages support function/method overloading by return type? I can't think of any that do. It seems no less useful or reasonable than supporting overload by parameter type. How come it's so much less popular?

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  • Java: Is clone() really ever used? What about defensive copying in getters/setters?

    - by GreenieMeanie
    Do people practically ever use defensive getters/setters? To me, 99% of the time you intend for the object you set in another object to be a copy of the same object reference, and you intend for changes you make to it to also be made in the object it was set in. If you setDate(Date dt) and modify dt later, who cares? Unless I want some basic immutable data bean that just has primitives and maybe something simple like a Date, I never use it. As far as clone, there are issues as to how deep or shallow the copy is, so it seems kind of "dangerous" to know what is going to come out when you clone an Object. I think I have only used clone() once or twice, and that was to copy the current state of the object because another thread (ie another HTTP request accessing the same object in Session) could be modifying it. Edit - A comment I made below is more the question: But then again, you DID change the Date, so it's kind of your own fault, hence whole discussion of term "defensive". If it is all application code under your own control among a small to medium group of developers, will just documenting your classes suffice as an alternative to making object copies? Or is this not necessary, since you should always assume something ISN'T copied when calling a setter/getter?

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  • Explaining persistent data structures in simple terms

    - by Jason Baker
    I'm working on a library for Python that implements some persistent data structures (mainly as a learning exercise). However, I'm beginning to learn that explaining persistent data structures to people unfamiliar with them can be difficult. Can someone help me think of an easy (or at least the least complicated) way to describe persistent data structures to them? I've had a couple of people tell me that the documentation that I have is somewhat confusing. (And before anyone asks, no I don't mean persistent data structures as in persisted to the file system. Google persistent data structures if you're unclear on this.)

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  • Known "Z notation" applications ?

    - by Amadeus45
    I was just remembering back my university classes and was wondering to know if anyone out here even used the "Z notation" in a professional environment. I honestly must say that it was the single most boring class that I have ever attended in my life. Maybe because of the teacher, but at the time we really all thought it was a big waste of time. I might have been wrong, which is why I'd like to hear you about it. If you are using it or some derived language (Z++), I'd just like to know how is it useful for you. Just curious to know some commonly-known applications of Z or your application. For those who are not familiar : http://staff.washington.edu/jon/z/z-examples.html

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  • How can I use functools.partial on multiple methods on an object, and freeze parameters out of order

    - by Joseph Garvin
    I find functools.partial to be extremely useful, but I would like to be able to freeze arguments out of order (the argument you want to freeze is not always the first one) and I'd like to be able to apply it to several methods on a class at once, to make a proxy object that has the same methods as the underlying object except with some of its methods parameter being frozen (think of it as generalizing partial to apply to classes). I've managed to scrap together a version of functools.partial called 'bind' that lets me specify parameters out of order by passing them by keyword argument. That part works: >>> def foo(x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> bar = bind(foo, y=3) >>> bar(2) 2 3 But my proxy class does not work, and I'm not sure why: >>> class Foo(object): ... def bar(self, x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> a = Foo() >>> b = PureProxy(a, bar=bind(Foo.bar, y=3)) >>> b.bar(2) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: bar() takes exactly 3 arguments (2 given) I'm probably doing this all sorts of wrong because I'm just going by what I've pieced together from random documentation, blogs, and running dir() on all the pieces. Suggestions both on how to make this work and better ways to implement it would be appreciated ;) One detail I'm unsure about is how this should all interact with descriptors. Code follows. from types import MethodType class PureProxy(object): def __init__(self, underlying, **substitutions): self.underlying = underlying for name in substitutions: subst_attr = substitutions[name] if hasattr(subst_attr, "underlying"): setattr(self, name, MethodType(subst_attr, self, PureProxy)) def __getattribute__(self, name): return getattr(object.__getattribute__(self, "underlying"), name) def bind(f, *args, **kwargs): """ Lets you freeze arguments of a function be certain values. Unlike functools.partial, you can freeze arguments by name, which has the bonus of letting you freeze them out of order. args will be treated just like partial, but kwargs will properly take into account if you are specifying a regular argument by name. """ argspec = inspect.getargspec(f) argdict = copy(kwargs) if hasattr(f, "im_func"): f = f.im_func args_idx = 0 for arg in argspec.args: if args_idx >= len(args): break argdict[arg] = args[args_idx] args_idx += 1 num_plugged = args_idx def new_func(*inner_args, **inner_kwargs): args_idx = 0 for arg in argspec.args[num_plugged:]: if arg in argdict: continue if args_idx >= len(inner_args): # We can't raise an error here because some remaining arguments # may have been passed in by keyword. break argdict[arg] = inner_args[args_idx] args_idx += 1 f(**dict(argdict, **inner_kwargs)) new_func.underlying = f return new_func

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