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  • Remote deployment of OS X Mountain Lion 10.8 upgrade, not as a fresh install

    - by Dean A. Vassallo
    Anyone have any ideas or suggestions (or know if its even possible) to remote upgrade a fleet of Macs from 10.6.8 to 10.8 remotely. I presume I can push the installESD through ARD, but I want it to run completely unattended. If it is not possible through "traditional" methods does anyone know of any tools that might help automate this process? Thank you for your thoughts, feedback, and suggestions.

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  • Is it perfectly safe to install grub bootloader on regular partition?

    - by Flint
    One of the methods to do dual booting Windows with Linux OS is by installing grub boot loader onto Linux partition so you can retain Windows boot loader and let Windows handles the dual booting process. What's the odd that grub bootloader could partially overwrite the data at the beginning of the Linux partition and corrupt the file? Does grub actually check if there's a data at the beginning of the partition and move it to other location on the partition before writing its bootloader?

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  • What is /com/host?

    - by grawity
    The Perl documentation for Sys::Hostname contains: Attempts several methods of getting the system hostname [...]. It tries the first available of [blah blah] , and the file /com/host. If all that fails it croaks. What systems is this /com/host used on? It's a very ungooglable filename, and this is the first time I have heard of it.

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  • Exchange ActiveSync is not working with Android's 'verify certificate' setting, what do I need to do to make them work together?

    - by Yannone
    All other methods of Activesync and web access to my Exchange server are working fine with no errors or issues, but when we attempt to configure Android phones for the server, it will only work with 'verify certificate' checked off. Ideally, I'd like my users to be able to use the default configuration, which includes the 'Verify Certificate' option. My primary question is: 'What does Verify Certificate do?', as I imagine if I knew that, I might have some idea why it isn't working.

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  • Canonical configuration for multiple-instance Postfix?

    - by threecheeseopera
    I recently attempted to reconfigure an existing single-instance Postfix server (multi-homed) to support multiple MTA instances, but failed miserably (read: open relay, nastygram from ISP). It appears that there are several methods that can be used to accomplish this, and the various (and numerous) secondary sources that I found online were 'all over the map' with respect to which they used/glued together. Can anyone provide a working configuration (or tips) that use postmulti to manage a multi-instance Postfix setup?

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  • One Exchange 2010 issue

    - by user64060
    Hi All, When end user use the outlook anywhere to connect company exchange 2010 server from outside, it will come out the Synchronization Log: **15:18:26 Microsoft Exchange offline address book 15:18:26 Not downloading Offline address book files. A server (URL) could not be located. 15:18:26 0X8004010F** Can help me to resolve this issue. I have tried many methods but can not resolve it! Thank you very much.

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  • On ubuntu 10.04, what is the recommended RoR stack?

    - by Kurucu
    I can't find clear answers / methods on this. As seen elsewhere, passenger and RoR under apache gobble up ram on my VPS. I've tried a multitude of stacks and implementations, currently resting on a sub optimal apache/cgi/rails configuration, which has swapped my ram usage for CPU time and slow response to requests. Can anyone recommend an efficient and preferably simple to administer method of setting up rails apps in ubuntu 10.04 server?

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  • How see the converted sql from ActiveRecord method in view, etc

    - by Jak
    Hi All, I will be happy if someone clear doubt, i can see objects in view by using <%= debug @object % and lot of methods is there apart from view like .to_yml, etc Is there any method available for seeing the converted sql from ActiveRecord method in view, etc. Although I can find it in console but it will confuse when we run multiple queries.. example: User.find :all it will produce "SELECT * FROM users;" in output console But i want it in view are any other specific point like yml , etc ? Thanks, Jak

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  • What kind of scaling method is it, when you add new software to a single server to handle more users? [on hold]

    - by Phil
    I have read about scaling (in terms of terminology and methods). This got me confused about the following: On a single computer, running a web server (say apache), if the system administrator adds a front, caching, reverse-proxy such as Varnish, which in that scenario increase the amount of requests this server is able to handle. My question: Setting up such cache increases the capacity of the server to handle work, hence scales it, but without increasing neither the amount of nodes or the node's capacity. What is the name for this type of scaling?

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  • How to get accurate window information (dimensions, etc.) in Linux (X)?

    - by mellort
    How can I get accurate window information in Linux? I know that I can use wmctrl to get a window's size, but the actual size of the window can vary due to window decorations. I need the following information and methods: * precise window dimensions * precise available screen space (excluding panels like gnome-panel) * the ability to set a window to be a certain size, including decorations What would be the best way to do this? Thanks in advance!

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  • Job conditions conflicting with personal principles on software-development - how much is too much?

    - by Baelnorn
    Sorry for the incoming wall'o'text (and for my probably bad English) but I just need to get this off somehow. I also accept that this question will be probably closed as subjective and argumentative, but I need to know one thing: "how much BS are programmers supposed to put up with before breaking?" My background I'm 27 years old and have a B.Sc. in Computer engineering with a graduation grade of 1.8 from a university of applied science. I went looking for a job right after graduation. I got three offers right away, with two offers paying vastly more than the last one, but that last one seemed more interesting so I went for that. My situation I've been working for the company now for 17 months now, but it feels like a drag more and more each day. Primarily because the company (which has only 5 other developers but me, and of these I work with 4) turned out to be pretty much the anti-thesis of what I expected (and was taught in university) from a modern software company. I agreed to accept less than half of the usual payment appropriate for my qualification for the first year because I was promised a trainee program. However, the trainee program turned out to be "here you got a computer, there's some links on the stuff we use, and now do what you colleagues tell you". Further, during my whole time there (trainee or not) I haven't been given the grace of even a single code-review - apparently nobody's interested in my work as long as it "just works". I was told in the job interview that "Microsoft technology played a central role in the company" yet I've been slowly eroding my congnitive functions with Flex/Actionscript/Cairngorm ever since I started (despite having applied as a C#/.NET developer). Actually, the company's primary projects are based on Java/XSLT and Flex/Actionscript (with some SAP/ABAP stuff here and there but I'm not involved in that) and they've been working on these before I even applied. Having had no experience either with that particular technology nor the framework nor the field (RIA) nor in developing business scale applications I obviously made several mistakes. However, my boss told me that he let me make those mistakes (which ate at least 2 months of development time on their own) on purpose to provide some "learning experience". Even when I was still a trainee I was already tasked with working on a business-critical application. On my own. Without supervision. Without code-reviews. My boss thinks agile methods are a waste of time/money and deems putting more than one developer on any project not efficient. Documentation is not necessary and each developer should only document what he himself needs for his work. Recently he wanted us to do bug tracking with Excel and Email instead of using an already existing Bugzilla, overriding an unanimous decision made by all developers and testers involved in the process - only after another senior developer had another hour-long private discussion with him he agreed to let us use the bugtracker. Project management is basically not present, there are only a few Excel sheets floating around where the senior developer lists some things (not all, mind you) with a time estimate ranging from days to months, trying to at least somehow organize the whole mess. A development process is also basically not present, each developer just works on his own however he wants. There are not even coding conventions in the company. Testing is done manually with a single tester (sometimes two testers) per project because automated testing wasn't given the least thought when the whole project was started. I guess it's not a big surprise when I say that each developer also has his own share of hundreds of overhours (which are, of course, unpaid). Each developer is tasked with working on his own project(s) which in turn leads to a very extensive knowledge monopolization - if one developer was to have an accident or become ill there would be absolutely no one who could even hope to do his work. Considering that each developer has his own business-critical application to work on, I guess that's a pretty bad situation. I've been trying to change things for the better. I tried to introduce a development process, but my first attempt was pretty much shot down by my boss with "I don't want to discuss agile methods". After that I put together a process that at least resembled how most of the developers were already working and then include stuff like automated (or at least organized) testing, coding conventions, etc. However, this was also shot down because it wasn't "simple" enought to be shown on a business slide (actually, I wasn't even given the 15 minutes I'd have needed to present the process in the meeting). My problem I can't stand working there any longer. Seriously, I consider to resign on monday, which still leaves me with 3 months to work there due to the cancelation period. My primary goal since I started studying computer science was being a good computer scientist, working with modern technologies and adhering to modern and proven principles and methods. However, the company I'm working for seems to make that impossible. Some days I feel as if was living in a perverted real-life version of the Dilbert comics. My question Am I overreacting? Is this the reality each graduate from university has to face? Should I betray my sound principles and just accept these working conditions? Or should I gtfo of there? What's the opinion of other developers on this matter. Would you put up with all that stuff?

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  • PHP Fatal error, trying to request method inside model multiple times

    - by Tom
    The error message [23-Mar-2010 08:36:16] PHP Fatal error: Cannot redeclare humanize() (previously declared in /Users/tmclssns/Sites/nadar/nadar/trunk/webapp/application/filer/models/Filer/Aggregate.php:133) in /Users/tmclssns/Sites/nadar/nadar/trunk/webapp/application/filer/models/Filer/Aggregate.php on line 133 I have a "Filer" model which contains several methods to generate graphs. Each method in there related to generating graphs has the suffix "Graph" in the method name. As we have some performance issues, I try to render the graphs in advance (using cron) instead of rendering them on each request. The code below is what I came up with: public function generategraphsAction() { $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setNoRender(); $config = Zend_Registry::get('config'); $id = $this->_getParam('filerid'); $filer = new Filer($id); $filer_methods = get_class_methods($filer); foreach ($filer_methods as $filer_method) { if (preg_match('/^(.*)Graph$/i', $filer_method, $matches)) { $path = $config->imaging_caching_dir . "/$id/{$matches[1]}.png"; $filer->$matches[0]($path); } } // var_dump(get_class_methods($filer)); die; } The result from the var_dump(), when uncommented, is: array 0 => string '__construct' (length=11) 1 => string 'find_by_name' (length=12) 2 => string 'getPartner' (length=10) 3 => string 'getSlots' (length=8) 4 => string 'getGroups' (length=9) 5 => string 'grouplist' (length=9) 6 => string 'getAggregates' (length=13) 7 => string 'getVolumes' (length=10) 8 => string 'getAggregateVolumes' (length=19) 9 => string 'getShelves' (length=10) 10 => string 'getAutoSupportHistory' (length=21) 11 => string 'getAutoSupportMail' (length=18) 12 => string 'getOrphans' (length=10) 13 => string 'getAll' (length=6) 14 => string 'getDiskRevOverview' (length=18) 15 => string 'getDiskTypeOverview' (length=19) 16 => string 'getDiskTypeSizeFunctionOverview' (length=31) 17 => string 'getLicenses' (length=11) 18 => string 'removeGroup' (length=11) 19 => string 'addGroup' (length=8) 20 => string 'hasGroup' (length=8) 21 => string 'aggdefaultGraph' (length=15) 22 => string 'aggbarGraph' (length=11) 23 => string 'voldefaultGraph' (length=15) 24 => string 'volbarGraph' (length=11) 25 => string 'replicationGraph' (length=16) 26 => string 'getReplicationData' (length=18) 27 => string 'humanize' (length=8) 28 => string 'getFiler' (length=8) 29 => string 'getOptions' (length=10) 30 => string 'getCifsInfo' (length=11) 31 => string 'getCifsStats' (length=12) 32 => string '__get' (length=5) 33 => string 'tr' (length=2) 34 => string 'trs' (length=3) 35 => string 'fieldList' (length=9) The generategraphsAction() method finds the 'Graph' methods correctly: array 0 => string 'aggdefaultGraph' (length=15) 1 => string 'aggdefault' (length=10) array 0 => string 'aggbarGraph' (length=11) 1 => string 'aggbar' (length=6) array 0 => string 'voldefaultGraph' (length=15) 1 => string 'voldefault' (length=10) array 0 => string 'volbarGraph' (length=11) 1 => string 'volbar' (length=6) array 0 => string 'replicationGraph' (length=16) 1 => string 'replication' (length=11) However when the first graph is generated, it generates the above listed PHP fatal error. Anyone can come up with a solution to this? I tried to pass by reference or switch a few things around (like re declare the Filer model, $current_filer = new Filer($id); and unset() it again after the request, but resulted in the same error) without much success. The referenced method "humanize" isn't used for anything I'm doing at the moment, but belongs to the Model because it's used in several other places. Of course, removing the method is not really an option right now, and the model contains several other methods as well so I assume if I just move the humanize method around, it will generate an error on the next one. For reference, the humanize() method: public function humanize ($kbytes, $unit = null) { // KiloByte, Megabyte, GigaByte, TeraByte, PetaByte, ExaByte, ZettaByte, YottaByte $units = array('KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB', 'EB', 'ZB', 'YB'); if (null !== $units) { $i = array_search(substr($unit, -2), $units); if (! $i) { $i = floor((strlen($kbytes) - 1) / 3); } } else { $i = floor((strlen($kbytes) - 1) / 3); } $newSize = round($kbytes / pow(1024, $i), 2); return $newSize . $units[$i]; } Thanks in advance for the help offered.

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  • Understanding EDI 997

    - by VishnuTiwariBlog
    Hi Guys, This is for the EDI starter. Below is the complete detail of EDI 997 segment and element details. 997 Functional Acknowledgment Transaction Layout:   No. Seg ID Name Description Example M/O 010 ST Transaction Set Header To indicate the start of a transaction set and to assign a control number ST*997*382823~   M ST01   Code uniquely identifying a Transaction Set   M ST02   Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set   M 020 AK1 Functional Group Response Header To start acknowledgment of a functional group AK1*QM*2459823 M        AK101   Code identifying a group of application related transaction sets IN Invoice Information (810) SH Ship Notice/Manifest (856)     AK102   Assigned number originated and maintained by the sender     030 AK2 Transaction Set Response Header To start acknowledgment of a single transaction set AK2*856*001 M AK201   Code uniquely identifying a Transaction Set 810 Invoice 856 Ship Notice/Manifest   M AK202   Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set   M 040 AK3 Data Segment Note To report errors in a data segment and identify the location of the data segment AK3*TD3*9 O AK301 Segment ID Code Code defining the segment ID of the data segment in error (See Appendix A - Number 77)     AK302 Segment Position in Transaction Set The numerical count position of this data segment from the start of the transaction set: the transaction set header is count position 1     050 AK4 Data Element Note To report errors in a data element or composite data structure and identify the location of the data element AK4*2**2 O AK401 Position in Segment Code indicating the relative position of a simple data element, or the relative position of a composite data structure combined with the relative position of the component data element within the composite data structure, in error; the count starts with 1 for the simple data element or composite data structure immediately following the segment ID     AK402 Element Position in Segment This is used to indicate the relative position of a simple data element, or the relative position of a composite data structure with the relative position of the component within the composite data structure, in error; in the data segment the count starts with 1 for the simple data element or composite data structure immediately following the segment ID     AK403 Data Element Syntax Error Code Code indicating the error found after syntax edits of a data element 1 Mandatory Data Element Missing 2 Conditional Required Data Element Missing 3 Too Many Data Elements 4 Data Element Too Short 5 Data Element Too Long 6 Invalid Character in Data Element 7 Invalid Code Value 8 Invalid Date 9 Invalid Time 10 Exclusion Condition Violated     AK404 Copy of Bad Data Element This is a copy of the data element in error     060 AK5 AK5 Transaction Set Response Trailer To acknowledge acceptance or rejection and report errors in a transaction set AK5*A~ AK5*R*5~ M AK501 Transaction Set Acknowledgment Code Code indicating accept or reject condition based on the syntax editing of the transaction set A Accepted E Accepted But Errors Were Noted R Rejected     AK502 Transaction Set Syntax Error Code Code indicating error found based on the syntax editing of a transaction set 1 Transaction Set Not Supported 2 Transaction Set Trailer Missing 3 Transaction Set Control Number in Header and Trailer Do Not Match 4 Number of Included Segments Does Not Match Actual Count 5 One or More Segments in Error 6 Missing or Invalid Transaction Set Identifier 7 Missing or Invalid Transaction Set Control Number     070 AK9 Functional Group Response Trailer To acknowledge acceptance or rejection of a functional group and report the number of included transaction sets from the original trailer, the accepted sets, and the received sets in this functional group AK9*A*1*1*1~ AK9*R*1*1*0~ M AK901 Functional Group Acknowledge Code Code indicating accept or reject condition based on the syntax editing of the functional group A Accepted E Accepted, But Errors Were Noted. R Rejected     AK902 Number of Transaction Sets Included Total number of transaction sets included in the functional group or interchange (transmission) group terminated by the trailer containing this data element     AK903 Number of Received Transaction Sets Number of Transaction Sets received     AK904 Number of Accepted Transaction Sets Number of accepted Transaction Sets in a Functional Group     AK905 Functional Group Syntax Error Code Code indicating error found based on the syntax editing of the functional group header and/or trailer 1 Functional Group Not Supported 2 Functional Group Version Not Supported 3 Functional Group Trailer Missing 4 Group Control Number in the Functional Group Header and Trailer Do Not Agree 5 Number of Included Transaction Sets Does Not Match Actual Count 6 Group Control Number Violates Syntax     080 SE Transaction Set Trailer To indicate the end of the transaction set and provide the count of the transmitted segments (including the beginning (ST) and ending (SE) segments) SE*9*223~ M SE01 Number of Included Segments Total number of segments included in a transaction set including ST and SE segments     SE02 Transaction Set Control Number Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set

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  • Understanding EDI 997.

    - by VishnuTiwariBlog
    Hi Guys, This is for the EDI starter. Below is the complete detail of EDI 997 segment and element details. 997 Functional Acknowledgment Transaction Layout: No. Seg ID Name Description Example M/O 010 ST Transaction Set Header To indicate the start of a transaction set and to assign a control number ST*997*382823~   M ST01   Code uniquely identifying a Transaction Set   M ST02   Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set   M 020 AK1 Functional Group Response Header To start acknowledgment of a functional group AK1*QM*2459823 M        AK101   Code identifying a group of application related transaction sets IN Invoice Information (810) SH Ship Notice/Manifest (856)     AK102   Assigned number originated and maintained by the sender     030 AK2 Transaction Set Response Header To start acknowledgment of a single transaction set AK2*856*001 M AK201   Code uniquely identifying a Transaction Set 810 Invoice 856 Ship Notice/Manifest   M AK202   Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set   M 040 AK3 Data Segment Note To report errors in a data segment and identify the location of the data segment AK3*TD3*9 O AK301 Segment ID Code Code defining the segment ID of the data segment in error (See Appendix A - Number 77)     AK302 Segment Position in Transaction Set The numerical count position of this data segment from the start of the transaction set: the transaction set header is count position 1     050 AK4 Data Element Note To report errors in a data element or composite data structure and identify the location of the data element AK4*2**2 O AK401 Position in Segment Code indicating the relative position of a simple data element, or the relative position of a composite data structure combined with the relative position of the component data element within the composite data structure, in error; the count starts with 1 for the simple data element or composite data structure immediately following the segment ID     AK402 Element Position in Segment This is used to indicate the relative position of a simple data element, or the relative position of a composite data structure with the relative position of the component within the composite data structure, in error; in the data segment the count starts with 1 for the simple data element or composite data structure immediately following the segment ID     AK403 Data Element Syntax Error Code Code indicating the error found after syntax edits of a data element 1 Mandatory Data Element Missing 2 Conditional Required Data Element Missing 3 Too Many Data Elements 4 Data Element Too Short 5 Data Element Too Long 6 Invalid Character in Data Element 7 Invalid Code Value 8 Invalid Date 9 Invalid Time 10 Exclusion Condition Violated     AK404 Copy of Bad Data Element This is a copy of the data element in error     060 AK5 AK5 Transaction Set Response Trailer To acknowledge acceptance or rejection and report errors in a transaction set AK5*A~ AK5*R*5~ M AK501 Transaction Set Acknowledgment Code Code indicating accept or reject condition based on the syntax editing of the transaction set A Accepted E Accepted But Errors Were Noted R Rejected     AK502 Transaction Set Syntax Error Code Code indicating error found based on the syntax editing of a transaction set 1 Transaction Set Not Supported 2 Transaction Set Trailer Missing 3 Transaction Set Control Number in Header and Trailer Do Not Match 4 Number of Included Segments Does Not Match Actual Count 5 One or More Segments in Error 6 Missing or Invalid Transaction Set Identifier 7 Missing or Invalid Transaction Set Control Number     070 AK9 Functional Group Response Trailer To acknowledge acceptance or rejection of a functional group and report the number of included transaction sets from the original trailer, the accepted sets, and the received sets in this functional group AK9*A*1*1*1~ AK9*R*1*1*0~ M AK901 Functional Group Acknowledge Code Code indicating accept or reject condition based on the syntax editing of the functional group A Accepted E Accepted, But Errors Were Noted. R Rejected     AK902 Number of Transaction Sets Included Total number of transaction sets included in the functional group or interchange (transmission) group terminated by the trailer containing this data element     AK903 Number of Received Transaction Sets Number of Transaction Sets received     AK904 Number of Accepted Transaction Sets Number of accepted Transaction Sets in a Functional Group     AK905 Functional Group Syntax Error Code Code indicating error found based on the syntax editing of the functional group header and/or trailer 1 Functional Group Not Supported 2 Functional Group Version Not Supported 3 Functional Group Trailer Missing 4 Group Control Number in the Functional Group Header and Trailer Do Not Agree 5 Number of Included Transaction Sets Does Not Match Actual Count 6 Group Control Number Violates Syntax     080 SE Transaction Set Trailer To indicate the end of the transaction set and provide the count of the transmitted segments (including the beginning (ST) and ending (SE) segments) SE*9*223~ M SE01 Number of Included Segments Total number of segments included in a transaction set including ST and SE segments     SE02 Transaction Set Control Number Identifying control number that must be unique within the transaction set functional group assigned by the originator for a transaction set

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  • What Color is your Jetpack ?

    - by JoshReuben
    I’m a programmer, Im approaching 40, and I’m fairly decent at my job – I’ll keep doing what I’m doing for as long as they let me!   So what are your career options if you know how to code? A Programmer could be ..   An Algorithm developer Pros Interesting High barriers of entry, potential for startup competitive factor Cons Do you have the skill, qualifications? What are working conditions n this mystery niche ? micro-focus An Academic Pros Low pressure Job security – or is this an illusion ? Cons Low Pay Need a PhD A Software Architect Pros: strategic, rather than tactical Setting technology platform and high level vision You say how it should work, others have to figure out why its not working the way its supposed to ! broad view – you are paid to learn (how do you con people into paying for you to learn ??) Cons: Glorified developer – more often than not! competitive – everyone wants to do it ! loose touch with underlying tech in tough times, first guy to get the axe ! A Software Engineer Pros: interesting, always more to learn fun I can do it Fallback Cons: Nothing new under the sun – been there, done that Dealing with poor requirements, deadlines, other peoples code, overtime C#, XAML, Web - Low barriers of entry –> à race to the bottom A Team leader Pros: Setting code standards and proposing technology choices Cons: Glorified developer – more often than not! Inspecting other peoples code and debugging the problems they cannot fix Dealing with mugbies and prima donas Responsible for QA of others A Project Manager Pros No need for debugging other peoples code Cons Low barrier of entry High pressure Responsible for QA of others Loosing touch with technology A lot of bullshit meetings Have to be an asshole A Product Manager Pros No need for debugging other peoples code Learning new skillset of sales and marketing Cons Travel (I'm a family man) May need to know the bs details of an uninteresting product things I want to work with: AI, algorithms, Numerical Computing, Mathematica, C++ AMP – unfortunately, the work here is few & far between. VS & TFS Extensibility, DSLs (Workflow , Lightswitch), Code Generation – one day, code will write code ! Unity3D, WebGL – fun, fun, fun ! Modern Web – Knockout, SignalR, MVC, Node.Js ??? (tentative – I'll wait until things stabilize as this area is undergoing a pre-Cambrian explosion) Things I don’t want to work with: (but will if I'm asked to !) C# – same old, same old – not learning anything new here Old code – blech ! Environment with code & fix mentality , ad hoc requirements, excessive overtime Pc support, System administration – even after 20 years, people still ask you to do this sometimes ! debugging – my skills are just not there yet Oracle Old tech: VB 6, XSLT, WinForms, Net 3.51 or less Old style Web dev Information Systems: ASP.NET webforms, Reporting services / crystal reports, SQL Server CRUD with manual data layer, XAML MVVM – variations of the same concept, ad nauseaum. Low barriers of entry –> race to the bottom.  Metro – an elegant API coupled to a horrendous UX – I'll wait for market penetration viability before investing further in this.   Conclusion So if you are in a slump, take heart: Programming is a great career choice compared to every other job !

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  • Come up with a real-world problem in which only the best solution will do (a problem from Introduction to algorithms) [closed]

    - by Mike
    EDITED (I realized that the question certainly needs a context) The problem 1.1-5 in the book of Thomas Cormen et al Introduction to algorithms is: "Come up with a real-world problem in which only the best solution will do. Then come up with one in which a solution that is “approximately” the best is good enough." I'm interested in its first statement. And (from my understanding) it is asked to name a real-world problem where only the exact solution will work as opposed to a real-world problem where good-enough solution will be ok. So what is the difference between the exact and good enough solution. Consider some physics problem for example the simulation of the fulid flow in the permeable medium. To make this simulation happen some simplyfing assumptions have to be made when deriving a mathematical model. Otherwise the model becomes at least complex and unsolvable. Virtually any particle in the universe has its influence on the fluid flow. But not all particles are equal. Those that form the permeable medium are much more influental than the ones located light years away. Then when the mathematical model needs to be solved an exact solution can rarely be found unless the mathematical model is simple enough (wich probably means the model isn't close to reality). We take an approximate numerical method and after hours of coding and days of verification come up with the program or algorithm which is a solution. And if the model and an algorithm give results close to a real problem by some degree that is good enough soultion. Its worth noting the difference between exact solution algorithm and exact computation result. When considering real-world problems and real-world computation machines I believe all physical problems solutions where any calculations are taken can not be exact because universal physical constants are represented approximately in the computer. Any numbers are represented with the limited precision, at least limited by amount of memory available to computing machine. I can imagine plenty of problems where good-enough, good to some degree solution will work, like train scheduling, automated trading, satellite orbit calculation, health care expert systems. In that cases exact solutions can't be derived due to constraints on computation time, limitations in computer memory or due to the nature of problems. I googled this question and like what this guy suggests: there're kinds of mathematical problems that need exact solutions (little note here: because the question is taken from the book "Introduction to algorithms" the term "solution" means an algorithm or a program, which in this case gives exact answer on each input). But that's probably more of theoretical interest. So I would like to narrow down the question to: What are the real-world practical problems where only the best (exact) solution algorithm or program will do (but not the good-enough solution)? There are problems like breaking of cryptographic ciphers where only exact solution matters in practice and again in practice the process of deciphering without knowing a secret should take reasonable amount of time. Returning to the original question this is the problem where good-enough (fast-enough) solution will do there's no practical need in instant crack though it's desired. So the quality of "best" can be understood in any sense: exact, fastest, requiring least memory, having minimal possible network traffic etc. And still I want this question to be theoretical if possible. In a sense that there may be example of computer X that has limited resource R of amount Y where the best solution to problem P is the one that takes not more than available Y for inputs of size N*Y. But that's the problem of finding solution for P on computer X which is... well, good enough. My final thought that we live in a world where it is required from programming solutions to practical purposes to be good enough. In rare cases really very very good but still not the best ones. Isn't it? :) If it's not can you provide an example? Or can you name any such unsolved problem of practical interest?

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  • Vaadin table hide columns and container customization

    - by Alex
    Hello I am testing a project, using Vaadin and Hibernate. I am trying to use the HbnContainer class to show data into table. The problem is that I do not want to show all the properties of the two classes in the table. For example: @Entity @Table(name="users") class User { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String name; @ManyToOne(cascade=CascadeType.PERSIST) private UserRole role; //getters and setters } and a second class: @Entity @Table(name="user_roles") class UserRole { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String name; //getters and setters } Next, I retrieve my data using the HbnContainer, and connect it to the table: HbnContainer container = new HbnContainer(User.class, app); table.setContainerDataSource(container); The Table will only display the columns from User, and for the "role" it will put the role id instead. How can I hide that column, and replace it with the UserRole.name ? I managed to use a ColumnGenerator() to get the string value in the table, for the UserRole - but I couldn't remove the previous column, with the numerical value. What am I missing? Or, what is the best way to "customize" your data, before displaying a table (if i want to show data in a table from more than one object type.. what do I do?) If I can't find a simple solution soon, I think I will just build the tables "by hand".. So, any advice on this matter? Thank you, Alex

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  • How to program a neural network for chess?

    - by marco92w
    Hello! I want to program a chess engine which learns to make good moves and win against other players. I've already coded a representation of the chess board and a function which outputs all possible moves. So I only need an evaluation function which says how good a given situation of the board is. Therefore, I would like to use an artificial neural network which should then evaluate a given position. The output should be a numerical value. The higher the value is, the better is the position for the white player. My approach is to build a network of 385 neurons: There are six unique chess pieces and 64 fields on the board. So for every field we take 6 neurons (1 for every piece). If there is a white piece, the input value is 1. If there is a black piece, the value is -1. And if there is no piece of that sort on that field, the value is 0. In addition to that there should be 1 neuron for the player to move. If it is White's turn, the input value is 1 and if it's Black's turn, the value is -1. I think that configuration of the neural network is quite good. But the main part is missing: How can I implement this neural network into a coding language (e.g. Delphi)? I think the weights for each neuron should be the same in the beginning. Depending on the result of a match, the weights should then be adjusted. But how? I think I should let 2 computer players (both using my engine) play against each other. If White wins, Black gets the feedback that its weights aren't good. So it would be great if you could help me implementing the neural network into a coding language (best would be Delphi, otherwise pseudo-code). Thanks in advance!

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  • Is there a perfect algorithm for chess?

    - by Overflown
    Dear Stack Overflow community, I was recently in a discussion with a non-coder person on the possibilities of chess computers. I'm not well versed in theory, but think I know enough. I argued that there could not exist a deterministic Turing machine that always won or stalemated at chess. I think that, even if you search the entire space of all combinations of player1/2 moves, the single move that the computer decides upon at each step is based on a heuristic. Being based on a heuristic, it does not necessarily beat ALL of the moves that the opponent could do. My friend thought, to the contrary, that a computer would always win or tie if it never made a "mistake" move (however do you define that?). However, being a programmer who has taken CS, I know that even your good choices - given a wise opponent - can force you to make "mistake" moves in the end. Even if you know everything, your next move is greedy in matching a heuristic. Most chess computers try to match a possible end game to the game in progress, which is essentially a dynamic programming traceback. Again, the endgame in question is avoidable though. -- thanks, Allan Edit: Hmm... looks like I ruffled some feathers here. That's good. Thinking about it again, it seems like there is no theoretical problem with solving a finite game like chess. I would argue that chess is a bit more complicated than checkers in that a win is not necessarily by numerical exhaustion of pieces, but by a mate. My original assertion is probably wrong, but then again I think I've pointed out something that is not yet satisfactorily proven (formally). I guess my thought experiment was that whenever a branch in the tree is taken, then the algorithm (or memorized paths) must find a path to a mate (without getting mated) for any possible branch on the opponent moves. After the discussion, I will buy that given more memory than we can possibly dream of, all these paths could be found.

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  • malloc: error checking and freeing memory

    - by yCalleecharan
    Hi, I'm using malloc to make an error check of whether memory can be allocated or not for the particular array z1. ARRAY_SIZE is a predefined with a numerical value. I use casting as I've read it's safe to do so. long double *z1 = (long double *)malloc(sizeof (long double) * ARRAY_SIZE); if(z1 == NULL){ printf("Out of memory\n"); exit(-1); } The above is just a snippet of my code, but when I add the error checking part (contained in the if statement above), I get a lot of compile time errors with visual studio 2008. It is this error checking part that's generating all the errors. What am I doing wrong? On a related issue with malloc, I understand that the memory needs to be deallocated/freed after the variable/array z1 has been used. For the array z1, I use: free(z1); z1 = NULL; Is the second line z1 = NULL necessary? Thanks a lot...

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  • Reading binary data from serial port using Dejan TComport Delphi component

    - by johnma
    Apologies for this question but I am a bit of a noob with Delphi. I am using Dejan TComport component to get data from a serial port. A box of equipment connected to the port sends about 100 bytes of binary data to the serial port. What I want to do is extract the bytes as numerical values into an array so that I can perform calculations on them. TComport has a method Read(buffer,Count) which reads DATA from input buffer. function Read(var Buffer; Count: Integer): Integer; The help says the Buffer variable must be large enough to hold Count bytes but does not provide any example of how to use this function. I can see that the Count variable holds the number of bytes received but I can't find a way to access the bytes in Buffer. TComport also has a methord Readstr which reads data from input buffer into a STRING variable. function ReadStr(var Str: String; Count: Integer): Integer; Again the Count variable shows the number of bytes received and I can use Memo1.Text:=str to display some information but obviously Memo1 has problems displaying the control characters. I have tried various ways to try and extract the byte data from Str but so far without success. I am sure it must be easy. Here's hoping.

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  • Using NSNumberFormatter to get a decimal value from an international currency string

    - by Duncan A
    It seems that the NSNumberFormatter can't parse Euro (and probably other) currency strings into a numerical type. Can someone please prove me wrong. I'm attempting to use the following to get a numeric amount from a currency string: NSNumberFormatter *currencyFormatter = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] autorelease]; [currencyFormatter setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterCurrencyStyle]; NSNumber *currencyNumber = [currencyFormatter numberFromString:currencyString]; This works fine for UK and US currency amounts. It even deals with $ and £ and thousands separators with no problems. However, when I use it with euro currency amounts (with the Region Format set to France or Germany in the settings app) it returns an empty string. All of the following strings fail: 12,34 € 12,34 12.345,67 € 12.345,67 It's worth noting that these strings match exactly what comes out of the NSNumberFormatter's stringFromNumber method when using the corresponding locale. Setting the Region Format to France in the settings app, then setting currencyNumber to 12.34 in the following code, results in currencyString being set to '12,34 €' : NSNumberFormatter *currencyFormatter = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] autorelease]; [currencyFormatter setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterCurrencyStyle]; NSString *currencyString = [currencyFormatter stringFromNumber:currencyNumber]; It would obviously be fairly easy to hack around this problem specifically for the Euro but I'm hoping to sell this app in as many countries as possible and I'm thinking that a similar situation is bound to occur with other locales. Does anyone have an answer? TIA, Duncan

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  • Extra fulltext ordering criteria beyond default relevance

    - by Jeremy Warne
    I'm implementing an ingredient text search, for adding ingredients to a recipe. I've currently got a full text index on the ingredient name, which is stored in a single text field, like so: "Sauce, tomato, lite, Heinz" I've found that because there are a lot of ingredients with very similar names in the database, simply sorting by relevance doesn't work that well a lot of the time. So, I've found myself sorting by a bunch of my own rules of thumb, which probably duplicates a lot of the full-text search algorithm which spits out a numerical relevance. For instance (abridged): ORDER BY [ingredient name is exactly search term], [ingredient name starts with search term], [ingredient name starts with any word from the search and contains all search terms in some order], [ingredient name contains all search terms in some order], ...and so on. Each of these is defined in the SELECT specification as an expression returning either 1 or 0, and so I order by those in sequential order. I would love to hear suggestions for: A better way to define complicated order-by criteria in one place, say perhaps in a view or stored procedure that you can pass just the search term to and get back a set of results without having to worry about how they're ordered? A better tool for this than MySQL's fulltext engine -- perhaps if I was using Sphinx or something [which I've heard of but not used before], would I find some sort of complicated config option designed to solve problems like this? Some google search terms which might turn up discussion on how to order text items within a specific domain like this? I haven't found much that's of use. Thanks for reading!

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