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  • Switch to IPv6 and get rid of NAT? Are you kidding?

    - by Ernie
    So our ISP has set up IPv6 recently, and I've been studying what the transition should entail before jumping into the fray. I've noticed three very important issues: Our office NAT router (an old Linksys BEFSR41) does not support IPv6. Nor does any newer router, AFAICT. The book I'm reading about IPv6 tells me that it makes NAT "unnecessary" anyway. If we're supposed to just get rid of this router and plug everything directly to the Internet, I start to panic. There's no way in hell I'll put our billing database (With lots of credit card information!) on the internet for everyone to see. Even if I were to propose setting up Windows' firewall on it to allow only 6 addresses to have any access to it at all, I still break out in a cold sweat. I don't trust Windows, Windows' firewall, or the network at large enough to even be remotely comfortable with that. There's a few old hardware devices (ie, printers) that have absolutely no IPv6 capability at all. And likely a laundry list of security issues that date back to around 1998. And likely no way to actually patch them in any way. And no funding for new printers. I hear that IPv6 and IPSEC are supposed to make all this secure somehow, but without physically separated networks that make these devices invisible to the Internet, I really can't see how. I can likewise really see how any defences I create will be overrun in short order. I've been running servers on the Internet for years now and I'm quite familiar with the sort of things necessary to secure those, but putting something Private on the network like our billing database has always been completely out of the question. What should I be replacing NAT with, if we don't have physically separate networks?

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  • Can't get the L2TP IPSEC up and running

    - by Maciej Swic
    i have an Ubuntu 11.10 (oneiric) server running on a ReadyNAS. Im planning to use this to accept ipsec+l2tp connections through a router. However, the connection is failing somewhere half through. Using Openswan IPsec U2.6.28/K3.0.0-12-generic and trying to connect with an iOS 5 iPhone 4S. This is how far i can get: auth.log: Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "PSK" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-NAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "passthrough-for-non-l2tp" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: listening for IKE messages Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying new style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: ESPINUDP(1) setup failed for new style NAT-T family IPv4 (errno=19) Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying old style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo ::1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 2001:470:28:81:a00:27ff:* Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/etc/ipsec.secrets" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc" Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike] method set to=110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [8f8d83826d246b6fc7a8a6a428c11de8] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [439b59f8ba676c4c7737ae22eab8f582] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [4d1e0e136deafa34c4f3ea9f02ec7285] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [80d0bb3def54565ee84645d4c85ce3ee] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [9909b64eed937c6573de52ace952fa6b] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-03] meth=108, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02] meth=107, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02_n] meth=106, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer 95.*.*.233 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: NAT-Traversal: Result using draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike (MacOS X): both are NATed Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3 Jan 19 14:05:03 ubuntu pluto[1990]: ERROR: asynchronous network error report on eth0 (sport=500) for message to 95.*.*.233 port 500, complainant 95.*.*.233: Connection refused [errno 111, origin ICMP type 3 code 3 (not authenticated)] Router config UDP 500, 1701 and 4500 forwarded to 192.168.19.99 (Ubuntu server for ipsec). Ipsec passthrough enabled. /etc/ipsec.conf # /etc/ipsec.conf - Openswan IPsec configuration file # This file: /usr/share/doc/openswan/ipsec.conf-sample # # Manual: ipsec.conf.5 version 2.0 # conforms to second version of ipsec.conf specification config setup nat_traversal=yes #charonstart=yes #plutostart=yes protostack=netkey conn PSK authby=secret forceencaps=yes pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 dpdtimeout=60 dpdaction=clear rekey=no left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 leftprotoport=17/1701 right=%any rightprotoport=17/%any rightsubnet=vhost:%priv,%no dpddelay=10 #dpdtimeout=10 #dpdaction=clear include /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf conn L2TP-PSK-NAT rightsubnet=vhost:%priv also=L2TP-PSK-noNAT conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT # # PreSharedSecret needs to be specified in /etc/ipsec.secrets as # YourIPAddress %any: "sharedsecret" authby=secret pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 # we cannot rekey for %any, let client rekey rekey=no # Set ikelifetime and keylife to same defaults windows has ikelifetime=8h keylife=1h # l2tp-over-ipsec is transport mode type=transport # left=192.168.19.99 # # For updated Windows 2000/XP clients, # to support old clients as well, use leftprotoport=17/%any leftprotoport=17/1701 # # The remote user. # right=%any # Using the magic port of "0" means "any one single port". This is # a work around required for Apple OSX clients that use a randomly # high port, but propose "0" instead of their port. rightprotoport=17/%any dpddelay=10 dpdtimeout=10 dpdaction=clear conn passthrough-for-non-l2tp type=passthrough left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 right=0.0.0.0 rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0 auto=route /etc/ipsec.secrets include /var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc %any %any: PSK "my-key" 192.168.19.99 %any: PSK "my-key" /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf [global] debug network = yes debug tunnel = yes ipsec saref = no listen-addr = 192.168.19.99 [lns default] ip range = 192.168.19.201-192.168.19.220 local ip = 192.168.19.99 require chap = yes refuse chap = no refuse pap = no require authentication = no ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd length bit = yes /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd pcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote noccp auth crtscts idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 defaultroute debug lock proxyarp connect-delay 5000 ipcp-accept-local /etc/ppp/chap-secrets # Secrets for authentication using CHAP # client server secret IP addresses maciekish * my-secret * * maciekish my-secret * I can't seem to find the problem. Other ipsec connections to other hosts work from the network im currently at.

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  • forward same port but for two different IPs (cisco)

    - by Colin
    Hi! I have a cisco running IOS 12.0(25) responding to two different IPs addresses: IP_A and IP_B. Behind this router I also have two different servers: server_A and server_B. What I want is to forward port 22 to both servers, so: IP_A, port22 -> server_A, port22 IP_B, port22 -> server_B, port22 ATM this only works for one of them (server_A), this is my config: interface Ethernet0/0 description Internet ip address IP_A 255.255.255.0 ip address IP_B 255.255.255.0 secondary no ip directed-broadcast ip nat outside no ip mroute-cache no cdp enable ip nat pool pool_A IP_A IP_A netmask 255.255.255.0 ip nat pool pool_B IP_B IP_B netmask 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside source list A pool pool_A overload ip nat inside source list B pool pool_B overload ip nat inside source static tcp server_B 22 IP_B 22 extendable ip nat inside source static tcp server_A 22 IP_A 22 extendable access-list A permit server_A access-list B permit server_B

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  • Is there a way to bridge two outgoing TCP connections in order to bypass firewalls and NAT?

    - by TK Kocheran
    We're all familiar with the problem of port-forwarding and NAT: if you want to expose something to accepting an incoming connection, you need to configure port-forwarding on the router or conjure up some other black magickery to "punch holes" in the firewall using UDP or something. I'm fairly new to the whole "hole-punching" concept so could someone explain how it works? Essentially, I'd like to understand how hole-punching would work and the theory behind it, as well as if two TCP connections could be bridged via a third party. Since there's no issue with outgoing TCP connections since it's handled with NAT, could a third party bridge the connections so that the two parties are still connected but without the bandwidth cost of traffic going through the third party?

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  • Help me upgrade my pf.conf for OpenBSD 4.7

    - by polemon
    I'm planning on upgrading my OpenBSD to 4.7 (from 4.6) and as you may or may not know, they changed the syntax for pf.conf. This is the relevant portion from the upgrade guide: pf(4) NAT syntax change As described in more detail in this mailing list post, PF's separate nat/rdr/binat (translation) rules have been replaced with actions on regular match/filter rules. Simple rulesets may be converted like this: nat on $ext_if from 10/8 -> ($ext_if) rdr on $ext_if to ($ext_if) -> 1.2.3.4 becomes match out on $ext_if from 10/8 nat-to ($ext_if) match in on $ext_if to ($ext_if) rdr-to 1.2.3.4 and... binat on $ext_if from $web_serv_int to any -> $web_serv_ext becomes match on $ext_if from $web_serv_int to any binat-to $web_serv_ext nat-anchor and/or rdr-anchor lines, e.g. for relayd(8), ftp-proxy(8) and tftp-proxy(8), are no longer used and should be removed from pf.conf(5), leaving only the anchor lines. Translation rules relating to these and spamd(8) will need to be adjusted as appropriate. N.B.: Previously, translation rules had "stop at first match" behaviour, with binat being evaluated first, followed by nat/rdr depending on direction of the packet. Now the filter rules are subject to the usual "last match" behaviour, so care must be taken with rule ordering when converting. pf(4) route-to/reply-to syntax change The route-to, reply-to, dup-to and fastroute options in pf.conf move to filteropts; pass in on $ext_if route-to (em1 192.168.1.1) from 10.1.1.1 pass in on $ext_if reply-to (em1 192.168.1.1) to 10.1.1.1 becomes pass in on $ext_if from 10.1.1.1 route-to (em1 192.168.1.1) pass in on $ext_if to 10.1.1.1 reply-to (em1 192.168.1.1) Now, this is my current pf.conf: # $OpenBSD: pf.conf,v 1.38 2009/02/23 01:18:36 deraadt Exp $ # # See pf.conf(5) for syntax and examples; this sample ruleset uses # require-order to permit mixing of NAT/RDR and filter rules. # Remember to set net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 and/or net.inet6.ip6.forwarding=1 # in /etc/sysctl.conf if packets are to be forwarded between interfaces. ext_if="pppoe0" int_if="nfe0" int_net="192.168.0.0/24" polemon="192.168.0.10" poletopw="192.168.0.12" segatop="192.168.0.20" table <leechers> persist set loginterface $ext_if set skip on lo match on $ext_if all scrub (no-df max-mss 1440) altq on $ext_if priq bandwidth 950Kb queue {q_pri, q_hi, q_std, q_low} queue q_pri priority 15 queue q_hi priority 10 queue q_std priority 7 priq(default) queue q_low priority 0 nat-anchor "ftp-proxy/*" rdr-anchor "ftp-proxy/*" nat on $ext_if from !($ext_if) -> ($ext_if) rdr pass on $int_if proto tcp to port ftp -> 127.0.0.1 port 8021 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 2080 -> $segatop port 80 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 2022 -> $segatop port 22 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 4000 -> $polemon port 4000 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 6600 -> $polemon port 6600 anchor "ftp-proxy/*" block pass on $int_if queue(q_hi, q_pri) pass out on $ext_if queue(q_std, q_pri) pass out on $ext_if proto icmp queue q_pri pass out on $ext_if proto {tcp, udp} to any port ssh queue(q_hi, q_pri) pass out on $ext_if proto {tcp, udp} to any port http queue(q_std, q_pri) #pass out on $ext_if proto {tcp, udp} all queue(q_low, q_hi) pass out on $ext_if proto {tcp, udp} from <leechers> queue(q_low, q_std) pass in on $ext_if proto tcp to ($ext_if) port ident queue(q_hi, q_pri) pass in on $ext_if proto tcp to ($ext_if) port ssh queue(q_hi, q_pri) pass in on $ext_if proto tcp to ($ext_if) port http queue(q_hi, q_pri) pass in on $ext_if inet proto icmp all icmp-type echoreq queue q_pri If someone has experience with porting the 4.6 pf.conf to 4.7, please help me do the correct changes. OK, this is how far I've got: I commented out nat-anchor and rdr-anchor, as describted in the guide: #nat-anchor "ftp-proxy/*" #rdr-anchor "ftp-proxy/*" And this is how I've "converted" the rdr rules: #nat on $ext_if from !($ext_if) -> ($ext_if) match out on $ext_if from !($ext_if) nat-to ($ext_if) #rdr pass on $int_if proto tcp to port ftp -> 127.0.0.1 port 8021 match in on $int_if proto tcp to port ftp rdr-to 127.0.0.1 port 8021 #rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 2080 -> $segatop port 80 match in on $ext_if proto tcp tp port 2080 rdr-to $segatop port 80 #rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 2022 -> $segatop port 22 match in on $ext_if proto tcp tp port 2022 rdr-to $segatop port 22 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 4000 -> $polemon port 4000 match in on $ext_if proto tcp tp port 4000 rdr-to $polemon port 4000 rdr pass on $ext_if proto tcp to port 6600 -> $polemon port 6600 match in on $ext_if proto tcp tp port 6600 rdr-to $polemon port 6600 Did I miss anything? Is the anchor for ftp-proxy OK as it is now? Do I need to change something in the other pass in on... lines?

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  • Can I NAT multiple Linux clients through a Windows VPN client to a remote network?

    - by Draco Flangetastic
    Here's the situation: My org has a Check Point firewall. I can only connect to it using Windows, despite making attempts with Openswan. Is there a way I can use the Windows box to VPN into my org and then use the Windows box to NAT other local workstations into the remote network? It seems like I might be able to but I'd like to know that for sure from a networking expert before I run down another rabbit hole. :-) Thanks in advance!

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  • PDAnet on Android IP on PC is not public IP. Where does the NAT take place, PDAnet or Verizon?

    - by lcbrevard
    When using PDAnet on a PC (Win7 ultimate) to USB tether a Motorola Droid on Verizon 3G the IP address of the PC appears to be public - 64.245.171.115 (64-245-171-115.pools.spcsdns.net) - but connections show as coming from another public IP - 97.14.69.212 (212-sub-97.14.69.myvzw.com). Someone is performing Network Address Translation - either PDAnet or within the Verizon 3G network. Can someone tell me who is doing the NAT? Is it PDAnet or is it at Verizon? Is there any possibility of setting up port forwarding, such that connections to the public IP 97.14.69.212 (212-sub-97.14.69.myvzw.com) are forward to the PC? We are testing a network protocol that requires either a true public IP or forwarding a range of ports from the public Internet to the system on which the software runs (actually Linux hosted by VMware Player or Workstation on a PC running Windows).

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  • PDAnet on Android IP on PC is not public IP. Where does the NAT take place, PDAnet or Verizon?

    - by lcbrevard
    When using PDAnet on a PC (Win7 ultimate) to USB tether a Motorola Droid on Verizon 3G the IP address of the PC appears to be public - 64.245.171.115 (64-245-171-115.pools.spcsdns.net) - but connections show as coming from another public IP - 97.14.69.212 (212-sub-97.14.69.myvzw.com). Someone is performing Network Address Translation - either PDAnet or within the Verizon 3G network. Can someone tell me who is doing the NAT? Is it PDAnet or is it at Verizon? Is there any possibility of setting up port forwarding, such that connections to the public IP 97.14.69.212 (212-sub-97.14.69.myvzw.com) are forward to the PC? We are testing a network protocol that requires either a true public IP or forwarding a range of ports from the public Internet to the system on which the software runs (actually Linux hosted by VMware Player or Workstation on a PC running Windows).

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  • AD domain on web servers behind NAT - DNS issues?

    - by Ant
    I'm trying to setup an AD domain to manage the security between two Windows Server 2008 webservers that will sooner or later use NLB to balance website requests. I've hit a problem which I think is a simple solution and is down to DNS. My website domain is mydomain.com. The two servers are running behind a NAT firewall on the 10.0.0.0 IP range. I've setup the AD domain to be called ad.mydomain.com (as recommended by MS and a few other answers to questions on here). The second web server however doesn't want to join the domain, and gives an error pinning the problem on DNS - "ensure that the domain name is typed correctly" even though it queries the SRV record successfully and gets the correct DC back - dc.ad.mydomain.com. Doing a dcdiag /test:dns on the DC gives the Delegation error 'DNS Server dc.mydomain.com Missing glue A record'. I have a feeling I need to add something to the public DNS so that it in some way knows about ad.mydomain.com. Can anyone suggest whether I'm on the right track in adding something to the public DNS? Or whether it's something else? Many thanks

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  • Will the removal of NAT (with the use of IPv6) be bad for consumers? [closed]

    - by Jonathan.
    Possible Duplicate: How will IPv6 impact everyday users? (World IPv6 Day) As I understand when we have finally made the switch to IPv6 not only will NAT be unnecessary but it is incompatible with IPv6? Will that mean that ISPs will have to serve multiple IP addresses per customer? Will they provide a range of addresses for each customer or as each device connects will they get an IP address that isn't necessarily near that of the other devices in their house? But overall will this be bad for the Internet users? as surely it will allow ISPs to see exactly how many devices are being used, and so allow them to charge for the use of additional IP addresses? And then if that happens, what happens when you try to connect an extra device to your network? Will it simply not get an IP address? In my home we have about 15-20 devices connected at once, but for places where there are hundreds of devices, it seems like the perfect opportunity for ISPs to charge more? I think I may have it completely wrong, so is there somewhere where there is an explanation of who things will work when IPv6 becomes the norm?

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  • iptables -P FORWARD DROP makes port forwarding slow

    - by Isaac
    I have three computers, linked like this: box1 (ubuntu) box2 router & gateway (debian) box3 (opensuse) [10.0.1.1] ---- [10.0.1.18,10.0.2.18,10.0.3.18] ---- [10.0.3.15] | box4, www [10.0.2.1] Among other things I want box2 to do nat and port forwarding, so that I can do ssh -p 2223 box2 to reach box3. For this I have the following iptables script: #!/bin/bash # flush iptables -F INPUT iptables -F FORWARD iptables -F OUTPUT iptables -t nat -F PREROUTING iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING iptables -t nat -F OUTPUT # default default_action=DROP for chain in INPUT OUTPUT;do iptables -P $chain $default_action done iptables -P FORWARD DROP # allow ssh to local computer allowed_ssh_clients="10.0.1.1 10.0.3.15" for ip in $allowed_ssh_clients;do iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -d $ip -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -s $ip -j ACCEPT done # allow DNS iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -m state \ --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -m state \ --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # allow HTTP & HTTPS iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --sports 80,443 -j ACCEPT # # ROUTING # # allow routing echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward # nat iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE # http iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --sport 80 -j ACCEPT # ssh redirect iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth1 --dport 2223 -j DNAT \ --to-destination 10.0.3.15:22 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --sport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT iptables -I FORWARD -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " While this works, it takes about 10 seconds to get a password promt from my ssh command. Afterwards, the connection is as responsive as could be. If I change the default policy for my FORWARD chain to "ACCEPT", then the password promt is there imediatly. I have tried analysing the logs, but I can not spot a difference in the logs for ACCEPT/DROP in my FORWARD chain. Also I have tried allowing all the unprivileged ports, as box1 uses thoses for doing ssh to box2. Any hints? (If the whole setup seems strange to you - the point of the exercise is to understand iptables ;))

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  • Hyper-V + RRAS NAT + Port Forwarding + RDP, can I get it all working together?

    - by Tom Bull
    I am running a Windows 2008 R2 server with various services running natively and two virtualised servers running on Hyper-V. The hardware server, I'm going to call it REAL1, has one external NIC, to which I can assign any of the following IP addresses: 1.2.3.4, 1.2.3.5, 1.2.3.6, etc... I need to achieve the following: I would like to be able to connect to REAL1 via remote desktop (RDP / port 3389) on one IP address (say 1.2.3.4), but also to the virtualised servers (I'm going to call them VIRTUAL1 and VIRTUAL2) on the other available IP addresses (say 1.2.3.5 and 1.2.3.6). The easiest way of doing this is to connect the virtual servers directly to the external interface and assign them each their own IP address. REAL1 will have 1.2.3.4, VIRTUAL1 will have 1.2.3.5 and VIRTUAL2 will have 1.2.3.6. Unfortunately, although I don't directly manage the two virtual servers, I have responsibility for their security. I would like to have some kind of firewall between the virtual servers an the internet. I have tried running a virtual machine firewall, but have found the performance on Hyper-V pretty terrible. The alternative I am now trying is Routing and Remote Access (RRAS): I have set up a virtual network called 'Internal' and REAL1 has a virtual network adapter connected to this virtual network I have connected each of the virtual servers to this network too I have assigned each server static IP addresses on this virtual network (REAL1 has 10.1.1.1, VIRTUAL1 has 10.1.1.2 and VIRTUAL2 has 10.1.1.3) I have installed RRAS and set up a NAT. The external interface is the external NIC, the internal interface is the virtual NIC connected to the internal network I have assigned all the available external IP addresses to the external NIC on REAL1. The virtual servers have been set up appropriately such that their default gateway is pointing to 10.1.1.1 and they can both access externally. Success! The RRAS is routing packets. The problem I have is that when I try to port forward services from the external IP address on REAL1, it only works if there is not already a service bound to the port. Remote desktop 'greedily' binds to every available IP address on port 3389 on REAL1 so I can't selectively forward incoming traffic for 1.2.3.5:3389 to 10.1.1.2:3389. RRAS will allow me to set up this port forwarding, and no errors come up. It just doesn't work. So the question I have is: Is there a better way of doing this? Or at least is there a way of resolving the apparant conflict between RRAS and everything else on the physical server?

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  • How can I troubleshoot Virtualbox port forwarding from Windows guest to OSX host not working?

    - by joe larson
    There are a plethora of questions about virtual box port forwarding problems but none with my specific details. I have a Windows install living in Virtual Box, hosted within OSX. I've got several webservers running on localhost on different ports within the Windows install. I cannot for the life of me get port forwarding to work so I can access those webservers from OSX. My settings look like this (yes I have a NAT adapter): And in my vbox configuration file the relavent portion looks like this: <NAT> <DNS pass-domain="true" use-proxy="false" use-host-resolver="false"/> <Alias logging="false" proxy-only="false" use-same-ports="false"/> <Forwarding name="RLPWeb" proto="1" hostport="7084" guestip="127.0.0.1" guestport="7084"/> <Forwarding name="UtilWeb" proto="1" hostport="4040" guestip="127.0.0.1" guestport="4040"/> <Forwarding name="WCARLP" proto="1" hostport="8084" guestip="127.0.0.1" guestport="8084"/> <Forwarding name="WCAUtil" proto="1" hostport="4848" guestip="127.0.0.1" guestport="4848"/> </NAT> I've turned off the Windows firewall to ensure it is not interfering, and I am not running a firewall on OSX. Anyway, when I attempt to go to for example http://127.0.0.1:4040/ on any of my OSX browsers, it will eventually time out. The log file for this VM shows that it is correctly reading the settings and implying it's doing the right thing here: 00:00:08.286 NAT: set redirect TCP host port 4848 => guest port 4848 @ 127.0.0.1 00:00:08.286 NAT: set redirect TCP host port 8084 => guest port 8084 @ 127.0.0.1 00:00:08.286 NAT: set redirect TCP host port 4040 => guest port 4040 @ 127.0.0.1 00:00:08.286 NAT: set redirect TCP host port 7084 => guest port 7084 @ 127.0.0.1 00:00:08.290 Changing the VM state from 'LOADING' to 'SUSPENDED'. 00:00:08.290 Changing the VM state from 'SUSPENDED' to 'RESUMING'. 00:00:08.290 Changing the VM state from 'RESUMING' to 'RUNNING'. 00:00:08.337 Display::handleDisplayResize(): uScreenId = 0, pvVRAM=000000012017d000 w=1834 h=929 bpp=32 cbLine=0x1CA8, flags=0x1 00:00:09.139 AIOMgr: Host limits number of active IO requests to 16. Expect a performance impact. 00:00:13.454 NAT: DHCP offered IP address 10.0.2.15 I've tried setting the Host IP to 127.0.0.1, and I've tried setting Guest IP blank and also 10.0.2.15. None of these seem to help. What else can I look at to troubleshoot this issue? Details of setup: OSX 10.6.8 Windows 7 Professional 64bit VirtualBox 4.1.2

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  • Why Remote Desktop Sessions show client internal IP address? [closed]

    - by Varp
    I have Windows Server 2008 r2 with static ip address on WAN interface. I connecting to the server from home from my laptop. Laptop at home is behind nat box. When i connecting to the server from home in Remote Desktop Session Manager i see in client status dialog a local ip address of client behind the nat box not WAN ip address of nat box. I suppose i must see the WAN ip address of the nat box in Remote Desktop Session Manager, isnt it?

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  • Time Machine + Ubee Router?

    - by Charlie
    I can't for the life of me figure this out. I recently had TWC installed in my house, and wanted to disable the NAT and router functions of it. I have a Time Machine hooked up to it from LAN1 (on the Ubee) to the WAN port on the TM. The problems started occurring here. I figured the settings would be these: Ubee Configuration mode: Bridge DHCP: Off TM IPv4: 192.168.100.2 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Router Address: 192.168.100.1 DNS Servers: 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4 Router Mode: DHCP and NAT But using those settings, my TM says "Double NAT", so I have to change it all around to the default settings of the Ubee using NAT. This leads me to believe bridge mode doesn't actually turn off NAT...

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  • Strange port forwarding problem

    - by rAyt
    I've got a strange port forwarding problem. The port forwarding to my internal webserver (10.0.0.10 on Port 80) works without a problem but the port forwarding to a windows server (10.0.0.15) on port 3389 doesn't work. The port 3389 is open. Any ideas? thanks! #!/bin/sh IPTABLES="/sbin/iptables" $IPTABLES --flush $IPTABLES --table nat --flush $IPTABLES --delete-chain $IPTABLES --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth0 -j MASQUERADE $IPTABLES -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 -d 188.40.XXX.XXX --dport 3389 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.15:3389 $IPTABLES -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 -d 188.40.XXX.XXX --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.10:80 $IPTABLES -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 -d 188.40.XXX.XXX --dport 222 -j DNAT --to 10.0.0.10:22 $IPTABLES --append FORWARD --in-interface eth1 -j ACCEPT

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  • Time Capsule + Ubee Router?

    - by Charlie
    I can't for the life of me figure this out. I recently had TWC installed in my house, and wanted to disable the NAT and router functions of it. I have a Time Capsule hooked up to it from LAN1 (on the Ubee) to the WAN port on the TC. The problems started occurring here. I figured the settings would be these: Ubee Configuration mode: Bridge DHCP: Off TC IPv4: 192.168.100.2 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Router Address: 192.168.100.1 DNS Servers: 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4 Router Mode: DHCP and NAT But using those settings, my TC says "Double NAT", so I have to change it all around to the default settings of the Ubee using NAT. This leads me to believe bridge mode doesn't actually turn off NAT...

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  • How to access a web service behind a NAT?

    - by jr
    We have a product we are deploying to some small businesses. It is basically a RESTful API over SSL using Tomcat. This is installed on the server in the small business and is accessed via an iPhone or other device portable device. So, the devices connecting to the server could come from any number of IP addresses. The problem comes with the installation. When we install this service, it seems to always become a problem when doing port forwarding so the outside world can gain access to tomcat. It seems most time the owner doesn't know router password, etc, etc. I am trying to research other ways we can accomplish this. I've come up with the following and would like to hear other thoughts on the topic. Setup a SSH tunnel from each client office to a central server. Basically the remote devices would connect to that central server on a port and that traffic would be tunneled back to Tomcat in the office. Seems kind of redundant to have SSH and then SSL, but really no other way to accomplish it since end-to-end I need SSL (from device to office). Not sure of performance implications here, but I know it would work. Would need to monitor the tunnel and bring it back up if it goes done, would need to handle SSH key exchanges, etc. Setup uPNP to try and configure the hole for me. Would likely work most of the time, but uPNP isn't guaranteed to be turned on. May be a good next step. Come up with some type of NAT transversal scheme. I'm just not familiar with these and uncertain of how they exactly work. We have access to a centralized server which is required for the authentication if that makes it any easier. What else should I be looking at to get this accomplished?

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  • How do I prevent libvirt from adding iptables rules for guest NAT networks?

    - by Jack Douglas
    Similar to this old request on BugZilla for Fedora 8, I'm hoping something has changed since then or someone knows another way. I want to manage the iptables rules by hand—the one-size-fits-all automatic rules don't suit me at all. These rules seem to be added and removed when a network is started and destroyed. Is there a way of either preventing these rules being added at all or hooking a script into the network start that restores the default rules afterwards. For now, I'm using a very crude method with cron, but I hope there is a better way: * * * * * root iptables-restore < /etc/sysconfig/iptables

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  • How to set static ip address on vmware for NAT guest vms from an ubuntu Host dhcp server?

    - by javadba
    I need to configure various linux flavor NAT'ed guest vm's to have static ip addresses provided by the Ubuntu host. The vmware documentation punts on this topic, deferring to "see the man pages for your linux distribution". But the generic pages for "my linux distro" do not know about the special stuff for vmware e.g. vmnet8. Pointers from someone who just knows how to do this would be much appreciated. Here is the /etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf: allow unknown-clients; default-lease-time 1800; # default is 30 minutes max-lease-time 7200; # default is 2 hours subnet 192.168.238.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.238.128 192.168.238.254; option broadcast-address 192.168.238.255; option domain-name-servers 192.168.238.2; option domain-name localdomain; default-lease-time 1800; # default is 30 minutes max-lease-time 7200; # default is 2 hours option netbios-name-servers 192.168.238.2; option routers 192.168.238.2; } host vmnet8 { hardware ethernet 00:50:56:C0:00:08; fixed-address 192.168.238.1; option domain-name-servers 0.0.0.0; option domain-name ""; option routers 0.0.0.0; } Fromt the dhcpd.conf documentation, we are supposed to add an entry for static hosts similar to the following: host mystatichostonee { hardware ethernet 00:20:6B:C7:9B:E4; fixed-address 192.168.238.101; } host mystatichosttwo { hardware ethernet 00:23:7a:C7:9c:F2; fixed-address 192.168.238.102; } But notice that the vmnet8 entry in the vmware-generated dhcpd.conf already is set to fixed-address. I don't know how to add the specifics for my hosts to that vmnet8 entry: do they become nested?

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  • Make router forward HTTP and HTTPS traffic to external App

    - by cOsticla
    I use a Linksys WRT54GL router with DD-WRT v24-sp2 (10/10/09) std (SVN revision 13064) which I am trying to make forward all HTTP and HTTPS traffic to an external app called Fiddler (used as proxy) on port 8888. After a lot of digging on this site, dd-wrt forum, dd-wrt.com and WWW, I am stacked with the following piece of code that works (thanks to the guys from dd-wrt support for this info), but only for forwarding HTTP traffic (port 80): #!/bin/sh PROXY_IP=1234567890 PROXY_PORT=8888 LAN_IP=`nvram get lan_ipaddr` LAN_NET=$LAN_IP/`nvram get lan_netmask` iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $LAN_NET -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s ! $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to $PROXY_IP:$PROXY_PORT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp -j SNAT --to $LAN_IP iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport $PROXY_PORT -j ACCEPT I tried to edit the code from above and I came up with the following but it's still not forwarding HTTPS but just HTTP traffic: #!/bin/sh PROXY_IP=1234567890 PROXY_PORT=8888 LAN_IP=`nvram get lan_ipaddr` LAN_NET=$LAN_IP/`nvram get lan_netmask` iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $LAN_NET -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s ! $PROXY_IP -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,443 -j DNAT --to $PROXY_IP:$PROXY_PORT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp -j SNAT --to $LAN_IP iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport $PROXY_PORT -j ACCEPT I am not sure if is possible to forward HTTPS traffic anymore by just using a router so I'd appreciate if somebody will share his thoughts and/or examples regarding this subject here. Thanks!

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  • Allow access from outside network with dmz and iptables

    - by Ivan
    I'm having a problem with my home network. So my setup is like this: In my Router (using Ubuntu desktop v11.04), I installed squid proxy as my transparent proxy. So I would like to use dyndns to my home network so I could be access my server from the internet, and also I installed CCTV camera and I would like to enable watching it from internet. The problem is I cannot access it from outside the net. I already set DMZ in my modem to my router ip. My first guess is because i'm using iptables to redirect all inside network to use squid. And not allow from outside traffic to my inside network. Here is my iptables script: #!/bin/sh # squid server IP SQUID_SERVER="192.168.5.1" # Interface connected to Internet INTERNET="eth0" # Interface connected to LAN LAN_IN="eth1" # Squid port SQUID_PORT="3128" # Clean old firewall iptables -F iptables -X iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X # Load IPTABLES modules for NAT and IP conntrack support modprobe ip_conntrack modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp # For win xp ftp client #modprobe ip_nat_ftp echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward # Setting default filter policy iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # Unlimited access to loop back iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Allow UDP, DNS and Passive FTP iptables -A INPUT -i $INTERNET -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # set this system as a router for Rest of LAN iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface $INTERNET -j MASQUERADE iptables --append FORWARD --in-interface $LAN_IN -j ACCEPT # unlimited access to LAN iptables -A INPUT -i $LAN_IN -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o $LAN_IN -j ACCEPT # DNAT port 80 request comming from LAN systems to squid 3128 ($SQUID_PORT) aka transparent proxy iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i $LAN_IN -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to $SQUID_SERVER:$SQUID_PORT # if it is same system iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i $INTERNET -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port $SQUID_PORT # DROP everything and Log it iptables -A INPUT -j LOG iptables -A INPUT -j DROP If you know where did I miss, please advice me. Thanks for all your help and I really appreciate it.

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  • Natting trafic from a tunnel to internet

    - by mezgani
    I'm trying to set up a GRE tunnel between a linux box and a router (LAN), and I'm having a few problems which seem to depend to my iptables configuration. Watching with tcpdump on linux box, I can see packets coming with flags GREv0, all i need right know is forwarding this data to internet, found here some trace : iptables -F iptables -X iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p 47 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o cloud -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i cloud -o ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward cloud Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr C4-CE-7A-2E-F2-BF-DD-C0-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet adr:10.3.3.3 P-t-P:10.3.3.3 Masque:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1476 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:10416 (10.1 KiB) Table de routage IP du noyau Destination Passerelle Genmask Indic MSS Fenêtre irtt Iface 196.206.120.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 cloud 0.0.0.0 196.206.120.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 root@aldebaran:~# ip route 196.206.120.1 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 196.206.122.46 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.18 10.3.3.0/24 dev cloud scope link default via 196.206.120.1 dev ppp0

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  • IPtables: DNAT not working

    - by GetFree
    In a CentOS server I have, I want to forward port 8080 to a third-party webserver. So I added this rule: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to-destination thirdparty_server_ip:80 But it doesn't seem to work. In an effort to debug the process, I added these two LOG rules: iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --src my_laptop_ip --dport ! 22 -j LOG --log-level warning --log-prefix "[_REQUEST_COMING_FROM_CLIENT_] " iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp --dst thirdparty_server_ip -j LOG --log-level warning --log-prefix "[_REQUEST_BEING_FORWARDED_] " (the --dport ! 22 part is there just to filter out the SSH traffic so that my log file doesn't get flooded) According to this page the mangle/PREROUTING chain is the first one to process incomming packets and the nat/POSTROUTING chain is the last one to process outgoing packets. And since the nat/PREROUTING chain comes in the middle of the other two, the three rules should do this: the rule in mangle/PREROUTING logs the incomming packets the rule in nat/PREROUTING modifies the packets (it changes the dest IP and port) the rule in nat/POSTROUTING logs the modified packets about to be forwarded Although the first rule does log incomming packets comming from my laptop, the third rule doesn't log the packets which are supposed to be modified by the second rule. It does log, however, packets that are produced in the server, hence I know the two LOG rules are working properly. Why are the packets not being forwarded, or at least why are they not being logged by the third rule? PS: there are no more rules than those three. All other chains in all tables are empty and with policy ACCEPT.

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  • LXC, Port forwarding and iptables

    - by Roberto Aloi
    I have a LXC container (10.0.3.2) running on a host. A service is running inside the container on port 7000. From the host (10.0.3.1, lxcbr0), I can reach the service: $ telnet 10.0.3.2 7000 Trying 10.0.3.2... Connected to 10.0.3.2. Escape character is '^]'. I'd love to make the service running inside the container accessible to the outer world. Therefore, I want to forward port 7002 on the host to port 7000 on the container: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 7002 -j DNAT --to 10.0.3.2:7000 Which results in (iptables -t nat -L): DNAT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:afs3-prserver to:10.0.3.2:7000 Still, I cannot access the service from the host using the forwarded port: $ telnet 10.0.3.1 7002 Trying 10.0.3.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused I feel like I'm missing something stupid here. What things should I check? What's a good strategy to debug these situations? For completeness, here is how iptables are set on the host: iptables -F iptables -F -t nat iptables -F -t mangle iptables -X iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o lxcbr0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 7002 -j DNAT --to 10.0.3.2:7000

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