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Summarising grouped records in a dataframe in R (...again)

- by monch1962

Hello all, (I tried to ask this question earlier today, but later realised I over-simplified the question; the answers I received were correct, but I couldn't use them because of my over-simplification of the problem in the original question. Here's my 2nd attempt...) I have a data frame in R that looks like: "Timestamp", "Source", "Target", "Length", "Content" 0.1 , P1 , P2 , 5 , "ABCDE" 0.2 , P1 , P2 , 3 , "HIJ" 0.4 , P1 , P2 , 4 , "PQRS" 0.5 , P2 , P1 , 2 , "ZY" 0.9 , P2 , P1 , 4 , "SRQP" 1.1 , P1 , P2 , 1 , "B" 1.6 , P1 , P2 , 3 , "DEF" 2.0 , P2 , P1 , 3 , "IJK" ... and I want to convert this to: "StartTime", "EndTime", "Duration", "Source", "Target", "Length", "Content" 0.1 , 0.4 , 0.3 , P1 , P2 , 12 , "ABCDEHIJPQRS" 0.5 , 0.9 , 0.4 , P2 , P1 , 6 , "ZYSRQP" 1.1 , 1.6 , 0.5 , P1 , P2 , 4 , "BDEF" ... Trying to put this into English, I want to group consecutive records with the same 'Source' and 'Target' together, then print out a single record per group showing the StartTime, EndTime & Duration (=EndTime-StartTime) for that group, along with the sum of the Lengths for that group, and a concatenation of the Content (which will all be strings) in that group. The TimeOffset values will always increase throughout the data frame. I had a look at melt/recast and have a feeling that it could be used to solve the problem, but couldn't get my head around the documentation. I suspect it's possible to do this within R, but I really don't know where to start. In a pinch I could export the data frame out and do it in e.g. Python, but I'd prefer to stay within R if possible. Thanks in advance for any assistance you can provide

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How do I create a class repository in Java and do I really need it?

- by Roman

I have a large number of objects which are identified by names (strings). So, I would like to have a kind of mapping from object name to the class instances. I was told that in this situation I can use a "repository" class which works like that: Server myServer = ServerRepository.getServer("NameOfServer"); So, if there is already an object (sever) with the "NameOfServer" it will be returned by the "getServer". If such an object does not exist yet, it will be created and returned by the "getServer". So, my question is how to program such a "repository" class? In this class I have to be able to check if there is an instance of a given class such that it has a given value of a given field. How can I do it? I need to have a kind of loop over all existing object of a given class? Another part of my question is why I cannot use associative arrays (associative container, map, mapping, dictionary, finite map)? (I am not sure how do you call it in Java) In more details, I have an "array" which maps names of objects to objects. So, whenever I create a new object, I add a new element to the array: myArray["NameOfServer"] = new Server("NameOfServer").

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How to change the behavior of string objects in web service calls via Windows Communication Foundati

- by Geri Langlois

I have third party api's which require string values to be submitted as empty strings. On an asp.net page I can use this code (abbreviated here) and it works fine: public class Customer { private string addr1 = ""; public string Addr1 { get {return addr1;} set {addr1 = value;} } private string addr2 = ""; public string Addr2 { get {return addr2;} set {addr2 = value;} } private string city = ""; public string City { get {return city;} set {city = value;} } } Customer cust = new Customer(); cust.Addr1 = "1 Main St."; cust.City = "Hartford"; int custno = CustomerController.InsertCustomer(cust); The Addr2 field, which was not initialized is still an empty string when inserted. However, using the same code but called it through a web service based on Windows Communication Foundation the Addr2 field is null. Is there a way (or setting) where all string fields, even if uninitialized, would return an empty string (unless, of course, a value was set).

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[AS3] Calling Php Script with UTF-8 POST variables

- by kornelijepetak

AS3 documentation says that Strings in AS3 are in UTF-16 format. There is a textbox on a Flash Clip where user can type some data. When a button is clicked, I want this data to be sent to a php script. I have everything set up, but it seems that the PHP script gets the data in UTF-16 format. The data in the database (which is utf-8) shows some unrecognizable characters (where special characters are used), meaning that the data has not been sent in a correct encoding. var variables:URLVariables=new URLVariables; var varSend:URLRequest=new URLRequest("http://website.com/systematic/accept.php"); varSend.method=URLRequestMethod.POST; varSend.data=variables; var varLoader:URLLoader=new URLLoader; varLoader.dataFormat=URLLoaderDataFormat.VARIABLES; varLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, completeHandler); When submit button is clicked, the following handler gets executed. function sendData(event:MouseEvent) : void { // i guess here is the problem (tbName.text is UTF-16) variables.name = tbName.text; varLoader.load(varSend); } Is there any way to send the data so that PHP script gets the data in UTF-8 format? (PHP script is retrieving the value using the $_POST['name']).

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PyGTK: Trouble with size of ScrolledWindow

- by canavanin

Hi everyone! I am using PyGTK and the gtk.Assistant. On one page I have placed a treeview (one column, just strings) in a gtk.ScrolledWindow (I wanted the vertical scrollbar, since the list contains about 35 items). Everything is working fine; the only thing that bugs me is that I have not been able to figure out from the documentation how to set the size of the scrolled window. Currently only three items are displayed at a time; I would like to set this number to 10 or so. Below is the code. As you can see I have tried using a gtk.Adjustment to influence the scrolled window's size, but as - once more - I have been incompetent at retrieving the required info from the documentation, I don't actually know what values should be put into there. self.page7 = gtk.VBox() # The gtk.Adjustment: page_size = gtk.Adjustment(lower=10, page_size=100) # just used some arbitrary numbers here >_< scrolled_win = gtk.ScrolledWindow(page_size) scrolled_win.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC) # only display scroll bars when required self.character_traits_treeview = gtk.TreeView() self.character_traits_treestore = gtk.TreeStore(str) self.character_traits_treeview.set_model(self.character_traits_treestore) tc = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Character traits") self.character_traits_treeview.append_column(tc) cr = gtk.CellRendererText() tc.pack_start(cr, True) tc.add_attribute(cr, "text", 0) self.character_trait_selection = self.character_traits_treeview.get_selection() self.character_trait_selection.connect('changed', self.check_number_of_character_trait_selections) self.character_trait_selection.set_mode(gtk.SELECTION_MULTIPLE) self.make_character_traits_treestore() # adding the treeview to the scrolled window: scrolled_win.add(self.character_traits_treeview) self.page7.pack_start(scrolled_win, False, False, 0) self.assistant.append_page(self.page7) self.assistant.set_page_title(self.page7, "Step 7: Select 2-3 character traits") self.assistant.set_page_type(self.page7, gtk.ASSISTANT_PAGE_CONTENT) self.assistant.set_page_complete(self.page7, False) def check_number_of_character_trait_selections(self, blah): # ... def make_character_traits_treestore(self): # ... I know I should RTFM, but as I can't make head or tail of it, and as further searching, too, has been to no avail, I'm just hoping that someone on here can give me a hint. Thanks a lot in advance! PS: Here are the links to: the gtk.ScrolledWindow documentation the gtk.Adjustment documentation

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NSPopupButton Bindings with Value Transformer

- by rdelmar

I don't know if what I see with a popup button populated by bindings with a value transformer is the way it's supposed to be or not -- the unusual thing I'm seeing (at least with respect to what I've seen with value transformers and table views) is that the "value" parameter in the transformedValue: method is the whole array bound to the array controller, not the individual strings in the array. When I've done this with table views, the transformer is called once for each displayed row in the table, and the "value" parameter is whatever object is bound to that row and column, not the whole array that serves as the content array for the array controller. I have a very simple app to test this. In the app delegate there is this: +(void)initialize { RDTransformer *transformer = [[RDTransformer alloc] init]; [NSValueTransformer setValueTransformer:transformer forName:@"testTransformer"]; } - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification { self.theData = @[@{@"name":@"William", @"age":@"24"},@{@"name":@"Thomas", @"age":@"23"},@{@"name":@"Alexander", @"age":@"64"},@{@"name":@"James", @"age":@"47"}]; } In the RDTransformer class is this: + (Class)transformedValueClass { return [NSString class]; } +(BOOL)allowsReverseTransformation { return NO; } -(id)transformedValue:(id)value { NSLog(@"%@",value); return value; } In IB, I added an NSPopupButton to the window and an array controller to the objects list. The content array of the controller is bound to App Delegate.theData, and the Content Values of the popup button is bound to Array Controller.arrangedObjects.name with the value transformer, testTransformer. When I run the program, the log from the transformedValue: method is this: 2012-09-19 20:31:39.975 PopupBindingWithTransformer[793:303] ( ) 2012-09-19 20:31:40.019 PopupBindingWithTransformer[793:303] ( William, Thomas, Alexander, James ) This doesn't seem to be other people's experience from what I can see on SO. Is there something I'm doing wrong with either the bindings or the value transformer?

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getSharedPreferences not working for me with concerns to ListPreferences and Integers

- by ideagent

I'm stuck at a point where I'm trying to get my project to read a preference value (from a ListPreference listing) and then use that value in a basic mathematical subtraction instance. The problem is that the "seek" preference is not being seen by my Java code, and yet the default value is (I've tried the default value with 3000 and now 0). Am i missing something, is there a bug here, known or unknown? Java code chunk where the issues manifests itself: public static final String PREF_FILE_NAME = "preferences"; seekback.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { try { SharedPreferences preferences = getSharedPreferences(PREF_FILE_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE); Integer storedPreference = preferences.getInt("seek", 0); (mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition()-storedPreference); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); Here are some other code bits for my project: From preferences file: <ListPreference android:entries="@array/seconds" android:entryValues="@array/seconds_values" android:summary="sets the seek interval for the seekback and seekforward buttons" android:title="Seek Interval" android:defaultValue="5000" android:key="@string/seek" From strings file: seek From an array file: Five seconds Fifteen seconds Thirty seconds Sixty seconds 5000 15000 30000 60000 let me know if you need to see more code to figure this one out Thanks in advance for any help that can be offered. I've worked over this issue now for a few hours and I'm burnt, a second pair of eyes on it would be very much appreciated. Arg, not sure how to get the code and plain text to format nicely here, even tried the options, like Code Sample, no luck AndroidCoder

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Understanding how software testing works and what to test.

- by RHaguiuda

Intro: I've seen lots of topics here on SO about software testing and other terms I don't understand. Problem: As a beginner developer I, unfortunately, have no idea how software testing works, not even how to test a simple function. This is a shame, but thats the truth. I also hope this question can help others beginners developers too. Question: Can you help me to understand this subject a little bit more? Maybe some questions to start would help: When I develop a function, how should I test it? For example: when working with a sum function, should I test every input value possible or just some limits? How about testing functions with strings as parameters? In a big program, do I have to test every single piece of code of it? When you guys program do you test every code written? How automated test works and how can I try one? How tools for automated testing works and what they do? I`ve heard about unit testing. Can I have a brief explanation on this? What is a testing framework? If possible please post some code with examples to clarify the ideas. Any help on this topic is very welcome! Thanks.

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Which templating languages output HTML *as a tree of nodes*?

- by alamar

HTML is a tree of nodes, before all. It's not just a text. However, most templating engines handle their input and output as it was just a text; they don't care what happens around their tags, their {$foo}'s and <% bar() %>'s; also they don't care about what are they outputting. Sometimes they happen to produce a correct html, but that's just a coincidence; they didn't aim for that, all they wanted is to replace some funny marks in the text stream with their evaluation. There are a few templating engines which do treat their output as a set of nodes; XSLT and Haml come to mind. For some tasks, this has advantages: for example, you can automatically reformat (like, delete all empty text nodes; auto-indent; word-wrap). The result is guaranteed to be a correct xml/sgml unless you use a strict subset of operations that can break that. Also, such templating engine would automatically quote strings, differently in text nodes and in attributes, because it strictly knows whether you're writing an attribute or a text node. Moreover, it can conditionally remove a node from output because it knows where it does begin and end, which is useful, and do other non-trivial node operations. You might not like XSLT for its verbosiness or functionalness, but it's damn helps that your template is xmllint-able XML, and your output is a good sgml/xml. So the question is: Which template engines do you know that treat their output as a set of correct nodes, not just an unstructured text? I know XSLT, Haml and some obscure python-based one. Moar!

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Best way to unit test Collection?

- by limc

I'm just wondering how folks unit test and assert that the "expected" collection is the same/similar as the "actual" collection (order is not important). To perform this assertion, I wrote my simple assert API:- public void assertCollection(Collection<?> expectedCollection, Collection<?> actualCollection) { assertNotNull(expectedCollection); assertNotNull(actualCollection); assertEquals(expectedCollection.size(), actualCollection.size()); assertTrue(expectedCollection.containsAll(actualCollection)); assertTrue(actualCollection.containsAll(expectedCollection)); } Well, it works. It's pretty simple if I'm asserting just bunch of Integers or Strings. It can also be pretty painful if I'm trying to assert a collection of Hibernate domains, say for example. The collection.containsAll(..) relies on the equals(..) to perform the check, but I always override the equals(..) in my Hibernate domains to check only the business keys (which is the best practice stated in the Hibernate website) and not all the fields of that domain. Sure, it makes sense to check just against the business keys, but there are times I really want to make sure all the fields are correct, not just the business keys (for example, new data entry record). So, in this case, I can't mess around with the domain.equals(..) and it almost seems like I need to implement some comparators for just unit testing purposes instead of relying on collection.containsAll(..). Are there some testing libraries I could leverage here? How do you test your collection? Thanks.

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iphone nsarray problem?

- by Brodie4598

Okay maybe i just need another set of eyes on this, but I have the following lines of code in one of my view controllers. It takes some data from a file, and populates it into an array using "\n" as a separator. I then use that array to make an NSDictionary, which is used to populate a tableview. It's very simple. However it isnt working. Here's the code: NSString *dataString = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:checklistPath encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding error:NULL]; if ([dataString hasPrefix:@"\n"]) { dataString = [dataString substringFromIndex:1]; } NSArray *tempArray = [dataString componentsSeparatedByString:@"\n"]; NSLog(@"datastring:%@",dataString); NSLog(@"temp array:",tempArray); NSLog(@"%i",[tempArray count]); NSDictionary *temporaryDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject: tempArray forKey:@"User Generated Checklist"]; self.names = temporaryDictionary; NSLog(@"names:%@",names); so in the log, datastring is correct, so it's correctly pulling the data from a file. however for tempArray, i get: 2010-05-17 19:15:55.825 MyApp[7309:207] temp array: for the tempArray count i get: 2010-05-17 19:15:55.826 myApp[7309:207] 5 which is the correct number of strings in the array So i'm stumped. I have the EXACT same few lines of code in a different view controller and it works perfectly. Whats crazier is the last NSLog, that shows the final NSDictionary (names) displays this, which looks correct: 2010-05-17 19:15:55.827 FS Companion[7309:207] names:{ "User Generated Checklist" = ( "System|||ACTION", "System|||ACTION", "System|||ACTION", "System|||ACTION", "System|||ACTION" ); \ am i missing something really obvious??

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How safe and reliable are C++ String Literals?

- by DoctorT

So, I'm wanting to get a better grasp on how string literals in C++ work. I'm mostly concerned with situations where you're assigning the address of a string literal to a pointer, and passing it around. For example: char* advice = "Don't stick your hands in the toaster."; Now lets say I just pass this string around by copying pointers for the duration of the program. Sure, it's probably not a good idea, but I'm curious what would actually be going on behind the scenes. For another example, let's say we make a function that returns a string literal: char* foo() { // function does does stuff return "Yikes!"; // somebody's feeble attempt at an error message } Now lets say this function is called very often, and the string literal is only used about half the time it's called: // situation #1: it's just randomly called without heed to the return value foo(); // situation #2: the returned string is kept and used for who knows how long char* retVal = foo(); In the first situation, what's actually happening? Is the string just created but not used, and never deallocated? In the second situation, is the string going to be maintained as long as the user finds need for it? What happens when it isn't needed anymore... will that memory be freed up then (assuming nothing points to that space anymore)? Don't get me wrong, I'm not planning on using string literals like this. I'm planning on using a container to keep my strings in check (probably std::string). I'm mostly just wanting to know if these situations could cause problems either for memory management or corrupted data.

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ASP.NET MVC 2 user input to SQL 2008 Database problems

- by Rob

After my publish in VS2010 the entire website loads and pulls data from the database perfectly. I can even create new users through the site with the correct key code, given out to who needs access. I have two connection strings in my web.config file The first: <add xdt:Transform="SetAttributes" xdt:Locator="Match(name)" name="EveModelContainer" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Models.EdmModel.EveModel.csdl|res://*/Models.EdmModel.EveModel.ssdl|res://*/Models.EdmModel.EveModel.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=fleet;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=fleet;Password=****"" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" /> The second: <add xdt:Transform="SetAttributes" xdt:Locator="Match(name)" name="ApplicationServices" connectionString="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=fleet;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=fleet;Password=****;MultipleActiveResultSets=True" /> The first one is the one that is needed to post data with the main application, EveModelContainer. Everything else is pulled using the standard ApplicationServices connection. Do you see anything wrong with my connectionstring? I'm at a complete loss here. The site works perfectly on my friends server and not on mine... Could it be a provider issue? And if I go to iis 7's manager console, and click .net users I get a pop up message saying the custom provider isn't a trusted provider do I want to allow it to run at a higher trust level. I'm at the point where I think its either my string or this trusted provider error... but I have no clue how to add to the trusted provider list... Thank you in advance!!!

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Match subpatterns in any order

- by Yaroslav

I have long regexp with two complicated subpatters inside. How i can match that subpatterns in any order? Simplified example: /(apple)?\s?(banana)?\s?(orange)?\s?(kiwi)?/ and i want to match both of apple banana orange kiwi apple orange banana kiwi It is very simplified example. In my case banana and orange is long complicated subpatterns and i don't want to do something like /(apple)?\s?((banana)?\s?(orange)?|(orange)?\s?(banana)?)\s?(kiwi)?/ Is it possible to group subpatterns like chars in character class? UPD Real data as requested: 14:24 26,37 Mb 108.53 01:19:02 06.07 24.39 19:39 46:00 my strings much longer, but it is significant part. Here you can see two lines what i need to match. First has two values: length (14 min 24 sec) and size 26.37 Mb. Second one has three values but in different order: size 108.53 Mb, length 01 h 19 m 02 s and date June, 07 Third one has two size and length Fourth has only length There are couple more variations and i need to parse all values. I have a regexp that pretty close except i can't figure out how to match patterns in different order without writing it twice. (?<size>\d{1,3}\[.,]\d{1,2}\s+(?:Mb)?)?\s? (?<length>(?:(?:01:)?\d{1,2}:\d{2}))?\s* (?<date>\d{2}\.\d{2}))? NOTE: that is only part of big regexp that forks fine already.

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Regular expression to Match addresses

- by Burfi

I have below set of strings to be searched : 1Dept Neurosci, The Univ. of New Mexico, ALBUQUERQUE, NM; 2Mol. and Human Genet., Baylor Col. of Med., Houston,, TX; 3Psychiatry, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX; 4Clin. Genet., Erasmus Univ. Med. Ctr., Rotterdam, Netherlands; 5Human Genet., Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA Above is a set of addresses , which starts with a digit (used to link it to the person).Need to search all the address as : 1Dept Neurosci, The Univ. of New Mexico, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 2Mol. and Human Genet., Baylor Col. of Med., Houston,, TX 3Psychiatry, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX 4Clin. Genet., ErasmusUniv. Med. Ctr., Rotterdam, Netherlands 5Human Genet., Emory Univ.Atlanta, GA I have written the below Regex : \d\w+,* It only matches a digit followed by a word . How can I modify it .Please suggest is there any better way.

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How to build a simulation of a login hardware token in .Net

- by Michel

Hi, i have a hardware token for remote login to some citrix environment. When i click the button on the device, i get an id and i can use that to login to the citrix farm. I can click the button as much as i like, and every time a new code gets generated, and they all work. Now i want to secure my private website likewise, but not with the hardware token, but with a 'token app' on my phone. So i run an app on my phone, generate a key, and use that to (partly) authenticate myself on the server. But here's the point: i don't know how it works! How can i generate 1, 2 or 100 keys at one time which i can see (on the server) are all valid, but without the server and the phone app having contact (the hardware token also is an 'offline' solution). Can you help me with a hint how i would do this? This is what i thought of so far: the phone app and the server app know (hardcoded) the same encryption key. The phone app encrypts the current time. The server app decrypts the string to the current time and if the diff between that time and the actual server time is less than 10 minutes it's an ok. Difficult for other users to fake a key, but encryption gives such nasty strings to enter, and the hardware token gives me nice things like 'H554TU8' And this is probably not how the real hardware token works, because the server and the phone app must 'know' the same encryption key. Michel

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Semi-generic function

- by Fredrik Ullner

I have a bunch of overloaded functions that operate on certain data types such as int, double and strings. Most of these functions perform the same action, where only a specific set of data types are allowed. That means I cannot create a simple generic template function as I lose type safety (and potentially incurring a run-time problem for validation within the function). Is it possible to create a "semi-generic compile time type safe function"? If so, how? If not, is this something that will come up in C++0x? An (non-valid) idea; template <typename T, restrict: int, std::string > void foo(T bar); ... foo((int)0); // OK foo((std::string)"foobar"); // OK foo((double)0.0); // Compile Error Note: I realize I could create a class that has overloaded constructors and assignment operators and pass a variable of that class instead to the function.

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How do I secure a .NET Web Service for use by an iPhone application?

- by David A Gibson

Hello, The title says it all, I have a Web Service written in .NET that provides data for an iPhone application. It will also allow the application make a "reservation." Currently it's all internal to the corporate network but obviously when the iPhone application is published I will need ensure the Web Service is available externally. How would I go about securing the Web Service? There are two aspects I'm looking into: Authentication for accessing the web service Protection for the data being transferred I'm no so bothered about the data being passed back and forth as it will be viewable in the application anyway (which will be free). The key issue for me is preventing users from accessing the Web Service and making reservations themselves. At the moment I am considering encrypting any strings in the XML data passed back and forth so only the client can effectively use the web service sidestepping the need for authentication and providing protection for the data. This is the only model I have seen but I think the overheads on the iPhone and even for the web service make for a poor user experience. Any solutions at all would be most welcome? Thanks

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How to make a calculator in PHP?

- by Giulio Muscarello

I want to use PHP to calculate simple algebraic expressions like, 8*(5+1), entered via an <input> tag by a normal user (which means, normal notation: no syntax changes like Multiply(8, Add(5, 1))). Also, it has to show all steps, but that's not hard. The problem, right now, is calculating the value of the expressions. Note: this is what I thought so far, which is quite inefficient but it's a provisory solution. Just replace strings where possible: in our example, recognize the string 5+1 and replace it with 6. Then, loop again, replace (6) with 6, loop again, and replace 8*6 with 48. The code for multiplying, for example, should look like this: for ($a=1; $a < 1000; $a++) { for ($b=1; $b < 1000; $b++) { string_replace($a . '*' . $b, $a*$b, $string); } }

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SQL indexes for "not equal" searches

- by bortzmeyer

The SQL index allows to find quickly a string which matches my query. Now, I have to search in a big table the strings which do not match. Of course, the normal index does not help and I have to do a slow sequential scan: essais=> \d phone_idx Index "public.phone_idx" Column | Type --------+------ phone | text btree, for table "public.phonespersons" essais=> EXPLAIN SELECT person FROM PhonesPersons WHERE phone = '+33 1234567'; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index Scan using phone_idx on phonespersons (cost=0.00..8.41 rows=1 width=4) Index Cond: (phone = '+33 1234567'::text) (2 rows) essais=> EXPLAIN SELECT person FROM PhonesPersons WHERE phone != '+33 1234567'; QUERY PLAN ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Seq Scan on phonespersons (cost=0.00..18621.00 rows=999999 width=4) Filter: (phone <> '+33 1234567'::text) (2 rows) I understand (see Mark Byers' very good explanations) that PostgreSQL can decide not to use an index when it sees that a sequential scan would be faster (for instance if almost all the tuples match). But, here, "not equal" searches are really slower. Any way to make these "is not equal to" searches faster? Here is another example, to address Mark Byers' excellent remarks. The index is used for the '=' query (which returns the vast majority of tuples) but not for the '!=' query: essais=> EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT person FROM EmailsPersons WHERE tld(email) = 'fr'; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Index Scan using tld_idx on emailspersons (cost=0.25..4010.79 rows=97033 width=4) (actual time=0.137..261.123 rows=97110 loops=1) Index Cond: (tld(email) = 'fr'::text) Total runtime: 444.800 ms (3 rows) essais=> EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT person FROM EmailsPersons WHERE tld(email) != 'fr'; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seq Scan on emailspersons (cost=0.00..27129.00 rows=2967 width=4) (actual time=1.004..1031.224 rows=2890 loops=1) Filter: (tld(email) <> 'fr'::text) Total runtime: 1037.278 ms (3 rows) DBMS is PostgreSQL 8.3 (but I can upgrade to 8.4).

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Help thinking "Pythony"

- by Josh

I'm brand new to Python and trying to learn it by replicating the following C++ function into python // determines which words in a vector consist of the same letters // outputs the words with the same letters on the same line void equivalentWords(vector <string> words, ofstream & outFile) { outFile << "Equivalent words\n"; // checkedWord is parallel to the words vector. It is // used to make sure each word is only displayed once. vector <bool> checkedWord (words.size(), false); for(int i = 0; i < words.size(); i++) { if (!checkedWord[i]){ outFile << " "; for(int j = i; j < words.size(); j++){ if(equivalentWords(words[i], words[j], outFile)) { outFile << words[j] << " "; checkedWord[j] = true; } } outFile << "\n"; } } } In my python code (below), rather than having a second vector, I have a list ("words") of lists of a string, a sorted list of the chars in the former string (because strings are immutable), and a bool (that tells if the word has been checked yet). However, I can't figure out how to change a value as you iterate through a list. for word, s_word, checked in words: if not checked: for word1, s_word1, checked1 in words: if s_word1 == s_word: checked1 = True # this doesn't work print word1, print "" Any help on doing this or thinking more "Pythony" is appreciated.

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Finding the Column Index for a Specific Value

- by Btibert3

Hi All, I am having a brain cramp. Below is a toy dataset: df <- data.frame( id = 1:6, v1 = c("a", "a", "c", NA, "g", "h"), v2 = c("z", "y", "a", NA, "a", "g"), stringsAsFactors=F) I have a specific value that I want to find across a set of defined columns and I want to identify the position it is located in. The fields I am searching are characters and the trick is that the value I am looking for might not exist. In addition, null strings are also present in the dataset. Assuming I knew how to do this, the variable position indicates the values I would like returned. > df id v1 v2 position 1 1 a z 1 2 2 a y 1 3 3 c a 2 4 4 <NA> <NA> 99 5 5 g a 2 6 6 h g 99 The general rule is that I want to find the position of value "a", and if it is not located or if v1 is missing, then I want 99 returned. In this instance, I am searching across v1 and v2, but in reality, I have 10 different variables. It is also worth noting that the value I am searching for can only exist once across the 10 variables. What is the best way to generate this recode? Many thanks in advance.

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binary_search not working for a vector<string>

- by VaioIsBorn

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; int main(void) { string temp; vector<string> encrypt, decrypt; int i,n, co=0; cin >> n; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { cin >> temp; encrypt.push_back(temp); } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { cin >> temp; decrypt.push_back(temp); } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { temp = encrypt[i]; if((binary_search(decrypt.begin(), decrypt.end(), temp)) == true) ++co; } cout << co << endl; return 0; } It reads two equal lists of strings and should print out how many of the words in the first list are also found in the second list, simple. Not giving me the expexted results and i think the problem is in binary_search. Can you tell me why ?

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How do I tweak columns in a Flat File Destination in SSIS?

- by theog

I have an OLE DB Data source and a Flat File Destination in the Data Flow of my SSIS Project. The goal is simply to pump data into a text file, and it does that. Where I'm having problems is with the formatting. I need to be able to rtrim() a couple of columns to remove trailing spaces, and I have a couple more that need their leading zeros preserved. The current process is losing all the leading zeros. The rtrim() can be done by simple truncation and ignoring the truncation errors, but that's very inelegant and error prone. I'd like to find a better way, like actually doing the rtrim() function where needed. Exploring similar SSIS questions & answers on SO, the thing to do seems to be "Use a Script Task", but that's ususally just thrown out there with no details, and it's not at all an intuitive thing to set up. I don't see how to use scripting to do what I need. Do I use a Script Task on the Control Flow, or a Script Component in the Data Flow? Can I do rtrim() and pad strings where needed in a script? Anybody got an example of doing this or similar things? Many thanks in advance.

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iPhone: Helpful Classes or extended Subclasses which should have been in the SDK

- by disp

This is more a community sharing post than a real question. In my iPhone OS projects I'm always importing a helper class with helpful methods which I can use for about every project. So I thought it might be a good idea, if everyone shares some of their favorite methods, which should have been in everyones toolcase. I'll start with an extension of the NSString class, so I can make strings with dates on the fly providing format and locale. Maybe someone can find some need in this. @implementation NSString (DateHelper) +(NSString *) stringWithDate:(NSDate*)date withFormat:(NSString *)format withLocaleIdent:(NSString*)localeString{ NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; //For example @"de-DE", or @"en-US" NSLocale *locale = [[NSLocale alloc] initWithLocaleIdentifier:localeString]; [dateFormatter setLocale:locale]; // For example @"HH:mm" [dateFormatter setDateFormat:format]; NSString *string = [dateFormatter stringFromDate:date]; [dateFormatter release]; [locale release]; return string; } @end I'd love to see some of your tools.

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