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• How to tunnel a local port onto a remote server

  - by Trevor Rudolph

  I have a domain that i bought from DynDNS. I pointed the domain at my ip adress so i can run servers. The problem I have is that I don't live near the server computer... Can I use an ssh tunnel? As I understand it, this will let me access to my servers. I want the remote computer to direct traffic from port 8080 over the ssh tunnel to the ssh client, being my laptop's port 80. Is this possible? EDIT: verbose output of tunnel macbookpro:~ trevor$ ssh -R *:8080:localhost:80 -N [email protected] -v OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/trevor/.ssh/config debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: Connecting to site.com [remote ip address] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /Users/trevor/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/trevor/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/trevor/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host 'site.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /Users/trevor/.ssh/known_hosts:9 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/trevor/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /Users/trevor/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Offering public key: /Users/trevor/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: Remote connections from *:8080 forwarded to local address localhost:80 debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: remote forward success for: listen 8080, connect localhost:80 debug1: All remote forwarding requests processed

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• Outbound HTTP performance tuning recommendations

  - by Richard Gadsden

  I'll detail my exact setup below, but general recommendations for a better web-browsing experience will be useful. A nice checklist of things to try would be great! I have 600 users on a single site with an 8MB leased line. I get a lot of moans about the performance of "the internet" (ie web-browsing). What recommendations do the community have for speeding things up without just throwing more bandwidth at it? I expect I will end up buying some more, but good management tips are always valuable. My setup is this: Cisco PIX (515E) firewall on the edge of the network. It's just doing some basic NAT, and opening up a handful of ports to various bastion hosts (aka DMZ servers). The DMZ is just a switch that the servers are plugged into. ISA 2006 Enterprise array (two servers) connecting DMZ to the internal LAN, with WebSense Web Security filtering HTTP traffic so users can't look at porn or waste bandwidth on YouTube during working hours. I've done a few things - I've just switched my internal DNS over to use root hints, which halved DNS query latency from 500ms to 250ms. Well worth doing. I'm trying to cache more aggressively, but so much more of the internet is AJAXy and doesn't cache very well as compared to five years ago. Plus the 70GB of cache which felt like a lot a few years ago really isn't any more. I'm getting about 45% cache hits by number of requests, but only about 22% by size, ie larger objects are less likely to be cached. Latency seems to be part of the problem. Is that attributable to the bandwidth problem, or are there things I can look at to try to reduce latency even on heavily-loaded bandwidth?

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• TomTom GO & Ubuntu Linux: impersonating a GPRS phone with dund

  - by Broam

  Background: I've called TomTom support, and they don't support Linux. I can get my GO 730 to mount Mass Storage, and I found a shell script that will allow me to install maps (haven't tried it; will update when I do.). As of note: USB 2.0 only. 1.1 ports will not work. However--I still can't update the TomTom or take advantage of any traffic services. The GO will connect to a mobile phone, but I don't have one that supports tethering. However, I've found a site that claims to know a way to get a Linux Machine to impersonate a phone advertising GPRS services and it apparently works in Fedora as old as FC4. I'm having some serious trouble getting this to work on Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic, mainly because I think some of the built-in bluetooth stuff is getting in the way. Changing the class bits in main.conf (hcid.conf does not exist) doesn't crash..., and dund starts and listens, but the TomTom device never seems to want to connect to my machine. I haven't played around much with sdcptool (I think that's the name, not in front of a Linux machine right now) but maybe I have to advertise the DUN profile...I'm not very sure. My Question: I have no way to diagnose the problems. What are some diagnostic tools I can use to help dig down and figure out what's going on? Update: apparently dund is a legacy tool that's going away. What replaces it?

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• Vmware Player 3.0 - cannot ping 32 bits guest from 64 bits (guest or host)

  - by npmj

  I'm stuck with what seems a bug in VmWare Player (build 203739). I'm using W7 Ultimate 64bits as host and have a CentOS 5.4 (64 bits) as a guest and a Windows XP Professional SP3 (32 bits) as another guest. From the 64 bits machines (the host and the linux guest) I cannot ping the windows XP. Off course, I already turned off the windows firewall in the guest and also in the host. The network is pretty basic, I'm using Vmnet8 (NAT), with DHCP and port forwarding (to the windows XP's IP). Everything is working ok, I have internet access from host and from both guests. Port forwarding to the XP guest is working ok too. The only problem is that I cannot access the XP guest through the Vmnet8. I monitored the traffic using wireshark (in the host and in the windows guest). If I try to ping the XP guest from the host, what I see is the ARP request leaving the host, being answered by the guest and, after that, there is no echo request leaving the host. The same occurs if I try to ping the XP from the CentOs guest. From the windows XP guest I can ping both the host and the CentOs guest. From the XP guest I can access the host shares. Obviously, from the host I cannot see the XP shares (as I cannot even ping the guest). I want to maintain this setup (using NAT to share the host's internet connection). Any suggestions?

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• Snort/Barnyard2 Logging

  - by Eric

  I need some help with my Snort/Barnyard2 setup. My goal is to have Snort send unified2 logs to Barnyard2 and then have Barnyard2 send the data to other locations. Here is my currrent setup. OS Scientific Linux 6 Snort Version 2.9.2.3 Barnyard2 Version 2.1.9 Snort command snort -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -i eth2 & Barnyard2 command /usr/local/bin/barnyard2 -c /etc/snort/barnyard2.conf -d /var/log/snort -f snort.log -w /var/log/snort/barnyard.waldo & snort.conf output unified2: filename snort.log, limit 128 barnyard2.conf output alert_syslog: host=127.0.0.1 output database: log, mysql, user=snort dbname=snort password=password host=localhost With this setup, barnyard2 is showing all of the correct information in the database and I'm using BASE to view it on the web GUI. I was hoping to be able to send the full packet data to syslog with barnyard2 but after reading around, it seems that it is impossible to do that. So I then started trying to modify the snort.conf file and add lines like "output alert_full: alert.full". This definitely gave me a lot more information but still not the full packet data like I want. So my question is, is there anyway I can use barnyard2 to send the full packet data of alerts to a human readable file? Since I can't send it directly to syslog, I can create another process to take the data from that file and ship it off to another server. If not, what flags and/or snort.conf configuration would you recommend to get the most data possible but still be able to handle quite a bit of traffic? In the end of it all, these alerts will be shipped to a central server via a SSH tunnel. I'm trying to stay away from databases.

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• Setting up multiple servers for one domain

  - by Joseph Torraca

  So I am starting up a new website and I was wondering how to set up 5 servers to host the site. I have already purchased 5 Apple XServes, one will be used as a test server and the other 4 will be for the live site. So I have read some website on the internet and they all reference using one server and installing software onto it and have that server do the load balancing. I have also read that you could use a hardware, rack-mounted system and plug the servers into that. The load balancer would then distribute the load. So I have a few questions about each: 1) How do you set up the software version and have the other servers as "slaves" and have one "master" to direct traffic? 2) Which of the two options above are more reliable, and better suited for a startup that doesn't have many users per month, yet(hopefully)? 3) Is there a theoretical max limit of servers that can be connected to a software load balancing system? Note: Obviously this will change from software to software, but in terms of the server being able to handle it? 4) In your own opinion, what are you using for your sites? Have you had any problems setting up that system or operating it once its running? Are there any things you would stay away from if you had to start over? 5) I also purchased a Apple RAID system, so if you are familiar with it, is there any way to connect it to multiple Xserves so they all serve the same data? I'm a little confused on this, so thanks for all your help and being patient with me. Note: Take it easy on me, I am learning this as I go along, so I may have used terms incorrectly or explained things that don't really make sense. Sorry. P.S. If you need me to supply the specs on the servers to determine which system makes the most sense, I can post them for you.

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• SQL Server instance shuts down

  - by user42119

  I'm currently developing a new ASP.NET project hosted on a Windows Server 2008 RC2 with an SQL Server 2008 Express database. I have three SQL Server instances (for different purposes) running which currently all contain a single database. For apparently no reason, these instances tend to shut down after some days. There might be low or no traffic to these instances, because there might be some days in a row, where I can't develop. It now occurred several times, that one or two of these three instances just shut down, so that I can't access the database, without manually starting the instance. I can't seem to find a event log entry for the shutdown, which is most likely because I just enabled logging (why is the default setting off?). So the questions are: * Why does an SQL Server instance shut down? (Is there such a thing as a "Shut down instance after 3 days of inactivity"? * How can I achieve that the instances are running 24/7? Edit: I solved this problem by writing my own application that checks for the status of the SQL Server services. My program will start via a batch file, that gets called by the Windows Task Scheduler every 5 minutes.

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• Cygwin, ssh, and git on Windows Server 2008

  - by Paul

  Hi everyone. I'm trying to setup a git repository on an existing Windows 2008 (R2) server. I have successfully installed Cygwin & added git and ssh to the packages, and everything works perfectly (thanks to Mark for his article on it). I can ssh to localhost on the server, and I can do git operations locally on the server. When I try to do either from the client, however, I get the "port 22, Bad file number" error. Detailed SSH output is limited to this: OpenSSH_4.6p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8e 23 Feb 2007 debug1: Connecting to {myserver} [{myserver}] port 22. debug1: connect to address {myserver} port 22: Attempt to connect timed out without establishing a connection ssh: connect to host {myserver} port 22: Bad file number Google tells me that this means I'm being blocked, usually, by a firewall. So, double-checked the firewall settings on the server, rule is there allowing port 22 traffic. I even tried turning off the firewall briefly, no change in behavior. I can ssh just fine from that client to other servers. The hosting company swears that there's no other firewalls blocking that server on port 22 (or any other port, they claim, but I find that hard to believe). I have another trouble ticket into them, just in case the first support person was full of it, but meanwhile I wanted to see if anyone could think of anything else it can be. Thanks, Paul

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• Cisco SG200 vlan issue in ESXi VSA cluster

  - by George

  I have three Cisco SG200-26 switches, and I also have two ESXi hosts that I have connected like shown in the below "best practice" map by VMware: http://communities.vmware.com/servlet/JiveServlet/previewBody/17393-102-1-22458/VSA_networking_map.pdf Even though I created the VLANs in the SG200 and I set the two VLANs (508 and 608) as allowed for these untagged ports (where my ESX NIC's are connected), I can not ping from host 1 to host 2 when configuring the NIC's to use 608 VLAN. Am I missing something? my IP's are all in the 192.168. range, and the only reason I need the VLANs is to isolate the traffic of VSA back-end internally, only the two hosts will be using the VLANs. So I think I do not have to create virtual interfaces on my router since that's the case, is my understanding correct? Also sending my switch config screenshot below.. all 3 switches have the latest firmware (it seems these were originally linksys and got rebranded as cisco after the acquisition) http://img31.imageshack.us/img31/2503/switch.gif Any ideas what to change on the Cisco SG200 to make this work , would be appreciated! The second VLAN (608) only needs two IP's: 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2 The first VLAN (508) will have about 15 IP's for ESXi Management and VSA cluster service, I could use either 192.168.1.xx or 10.0.1.xx The rest of my network (about 50 clients) is in 192.168.1.xx range VMware also states that the VLAN protocol on the physical switch must be 802.1Q, not ISL, anyone knows which of the two my SG200-26 uses? In addition to that, the only requirement from VSA is that my two hosts: -Are in the same subnet. -Have static IP addresses set. -Have the same Default Gateway configured. If I need inter-vlan routing for this, I suppose I have to create virtual interfaces on my sonicwall, and assign an IP for each VLAN, and then set routes between them? Thank you for your time!

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• Not Able To Connect to Windows Server 2008 R2 using FileZilla Externally

  - by obautista

  I configured FTP Service/Role on my Windows Server 2008 R2 machine. I am able to connect from the inside, but not from the outside. On the inside I tested using cmd prompt and IE FTP. On the outside, I am testing with FileZilla and IE FTP. From the outside, IE FTP prompts me to enter my username/pwd, but nothing happens. Page eventually times out and I get "Internet Explorer cannot display page". Using FileZilla, I get the following messages. Note FileZilla resolved domain name and authenticates. I did not configure FTP Wirewall Support on the FTP site. I am not sure if I need to do this. I set up basic authentication, non-ssl, not allowing anonymous. I testing with Windows Firewall Turned off and on (I added windows firewall rule for port 21). On my network firewall (Cisco), I added a rule to forward port 21 traffic to FTP Server. Status: Resolving address of ftp.technologyblends.com Status: Connecting to 75.149.66.201:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Microsoft FTP Service Command: USER * Response: 331 Password required for . Command: PASS *** Response: 230 User logged in. Command: SYST Response: 215 Windows_NT Command: FEAT Response: 211-Extended features supported: Response: LANG EN* Response: UTF8 Response: AUTH TLS;TLS-C;SSL;TLS-P; Response: PBSZ Response: PROT C;P; Response: CCC Response: HOST Response: SIZE Response: MDTM Response: REST STREAM Response: 211 END Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 OPTS UTF8 command successful - UTF8 encoding now ON. Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is current directory. Command: TYPE I Response: 200 Type set to I. Command: PASV Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing

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• Using virtual IP with stunnel and haproxy

  - by beardtwizzle

  Hi there, We have a load-balancer setup, in which an HTTPS Request flows through the following steps:- Client -> DNS -> stunnel on Load-Balancer -> HAProxy on LB -> Web-Server This setup works perfectly when stunnel is listening to the local IP of the Load-Balancer. However in our setup we have 2 load-balancers and we want to be able to listen to a virtual IP, which only ever exists on one LB at a time (keepalived flips the IP to the second LB if the first one falls over). HAProxy has no problem in doing this (and I can ping the assigned virtual IP on the load-balancer I'm testing), but it seems stunnel hates the concept. Has anyone achieved this before (below is my stunnel config - as you can see I'm actually listening for ALL traffic on 443):- cert= /etc/ssl/certs/mycert.crt key = /etc/ssl/certs/mykey.key ;setuid = nobody ;setgid = nogroup pid = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pid debug = 3 output = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.log socket=l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket=r:TCP_NODELAY=1 [https] accept=443 connect=127.0.0.1:8443 TIMEOUTclose=0 xforwardedfor=yes Sorry for the long-winded question!

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• ASA DHCP Relay configuration..

  - by Jeff

  I have locations in different cities, connected using 2 Cisco ASA devices. my main location, corporate, use the IP 192.168.1.x The second location, remote store, use the IP 192.168.3.x I have a DHCP server (192.168.1.254) at my corporate location. I have created a scope for the 192.168.1.x which works fine for the corporate location. I created a scope for the remote location (192.168.3.x) on my DHCP server and tried to configure the remote ASA DCHP Relay, on the remote ASA: I disabled the DHCP Server on the inside. I enabled DHCP Relay on the inside, with set route set at yes. I set the Global DHCP Relay Servers, specify up to four servers to which DHCP requests would be relayed. I added my DHCP, 192.168.1.254 I flashed these settings to the ASA and gave it a try, didn't do anything. am i missing something - forgetting something. not really sure what im doing wrong. DHCP Settings on remote ASA: dhcp-client update dns server both dhcpd dns 192.168.1.254 dhcpd ping_timeout 750 dhcpd domain JEWELS.LOCAL dhcpd auto_config outside dhcpd update dns both ! dhcpd address 192.168.3.2-192.168.3.33 inside ! dhcprelay server 192.168.1.254 outside dhcprelay enable inside dhcprelay setroute inside on my local ASA: i have two ACLs for UDP ports 67 and 68 permitting any inbound traffic from the remote locations IP ... dhcprelay timeout 120

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• Vmware Player 3.0 - cannot ping 32 bits guest from 64 bits (guest or host)

  - by npmj

  I'm stuck with what seems a bug in VmWare Player (build 203739). I'm using W7 Ultimate 64bits as host and have a CentOS 5.4 (64 bits) as a guest and a Windows XP Professional SP3 (32 bits) as another guest. From the 64 bits machines (the host and the linux guest) I cannot ping the windows XP. Off course, I already turned off the windows firewall in the guest and also in the host. The network is pretty basic, I'm using Vmnet8 (NAT), with DHCP and port forwarding (to the windows XP's IP). Everything is working ok, I have internet access from host and from both guests. Port forwarding to the XP guest is working ok too. The only problem is that I cannot access the XP guest through the Vmnet8. I monitored the traffic using wireshark (in the host and in the windows guest). If I try to ping the XP guest from the host, what I see is the ARP request leaving the host, being answered by the guest and, after that, there is no echo request leaving the host. The same occurs if I try to ping the XP from the CentOs guest. From the windows XP guest I can ping both the host and the CentOs guest. From the XP guest I can access the host shares. Obviously, from the host I cannot see the XP shares (as I cannot even ping the guest). I want to maintain this setup (using NAT to share the host's internet connection). Any suggestions?

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• Apache, Tomcat 5 and problem with HTTP basic auth

  - by Juha Syrjälä

  I have setup a Tomcat with a webapp that uses http basic auth in some of its URLs. There is a Apache server in front of the Tomcat. I have setup Apache as a proxy like this (all traffic should go directly to tomcat): /etc/httpd/conf.d/proxy_ajp.conf: LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so ProxyPass / ajp://localhost:8009/ ProxyPassReverse / ajp://localhost:8009/ There is a webapp installed to root of Tomcat (ROOT.war), so I should be able to use http://localhost/ to access my webapp. But it is not working with http basic auth. The problem is that everything works until I try to access URL that are protected by the HTTP basic auth. URLs without authentication work just fine. When accessing this url via apache I am getting an error message from Apache. If I access the same URL directly from tomcat, everything works just fine. I am getting this to Apache error log: [Wed Sep 01 21:34:01 2010] [error] proxy: dialog to [::1]:8009 (localhost) failed access log looks like this: ::1 - - [01/Sep/2010:21:34:01 +0300] "GET /protected_path/ HTTP/1.0" 503 360 "-" "w3m/0.5.2" I am using: Fedora release 13 (Goddard) httpd-2.2.16-1.fc13.x86_64 tomcat5-5.5.27-7.4.fc12.noarch The basic auth is implemented in the webapp (not in Apache or Tomcat). The webapp is actually implemented in Scala/Lift, but that shouldn't matter. The auth works if I access the tomcat directly. Error message that I am getting from Apache. It is curious that the title is Unauthorized and not Internal error: Unauthorized The server is temporarily unable to service your request due to maintenance downtime or capacity problems. Please try again later. Apache/2.2.16 (Fedora) Server at my.server.name.com Port 80 It could be that Apache is seeing a some thing else than 200 OK response and thinks that it is an error when it actually should pass the received 401 Unauthorized response directly to browser. If this is the problem, how to fix it?

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• iTunes Home Sharing only works one way between 2 WinXP PC's on the same LAN

  - by scunliffe

  Both PC's have the latest iTunes installed. PC (A) can "see" that there is a shared library "B library" but attempts to connect to it return this error message: The shared library "{Username}'s Library" is not responding (-3259) Check that any firewall software running on either the shared computer or this computer has been set to allow communication on port 3689. however the reverse works fine. e.g. PC (B) can "see" shared library "A library" and can access all content. Notes: Both PC's have Home Sharing enabled (turned off/on several times to verify). Both PC's have Windows Firewall turned on, but in the exceptions tab, iTunes is allowed, and Port 3689 is also added as a firewall exception (just in case) Both iTunes accounts have been "authorized" on both PC's Both PC's connect via LAN via D-Link DIR-615 router. In the advanced application rules, iTunes has also been added to allow traffic on port 3689 un-hindered. Is there any other magical setting/configuration option that I should be aware of and set in order to get this to work? I could care less about sharing apps etc. I just want the music sharing to work. Update: Solved! It turns out on PC (B) there were multiple accounts set up. 1 of the accounts had the checkbox checked under the windows firewall "On" option which states "No exceptions" thus even though it was added to the exception list on the main user account, this other account was blocking access.

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• Howo to get Multipath IO with Dell MD3600i into active/active setup?

  - by Disco

  I'm desperately trying to improve performance of my SAN connection. Here's what i have: [root@xnode1 dell]# multipath -ll mpath1 (36d4ae520009bd7cc0000030e4fe8230b) dm-2 DELL,MD36xxi [size=5.5T][features=3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50][hwhandler=1 rdac][rw] \_ round-robin 0 [prio=200][active] \_ 18:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 [active][ready] \_ 19:0:0:0 sdd 8:48 [active][ghost] \_ 20:0:0:0 sdf 8:80 [active][ghost] \_ 21:0:0:0 sdh 8:112 [active][ready] And multipath.conf : defaults { udev_dir /dev polling_interval 5 prio_callout none rr_min_io 100 max_fds 8192 user_friendly_names yes path_grouping_policy multibus default_features "1 fail_if_no_path" } blacklist { device { vendor "*" product "Universal Xport" } } devices { device { vendor "DELL" product "MD36xxi" path_checker rdac path_selector "round-robin 0" hardware_handler "1 rdac" failback immediate features "2 pg_init_retries 50" no_path_retry 30 rr_min_io 100 prio_callout "/sbin/mpath_prio_rdac /dev/%n" } } And sessions. [root@xnode1 dell]# iscsiadm -m session tcp: [13] 10.0.51.220:3260,1 iqn.1984-05.com.dell:powervault.md3600i.6d4ae520009bd7cc000000004fd7507c tcp: [14] 10.0.50.221:3260,2 iqn.1984-05.com.dell:powervault.md3600i.6d4ae520009bd7cc000000004fd7507c tcp: [15] 10.0.51.221:3260,2 iqn.1984-05.com.dell:powervault.md3600i.6d4ae520009bd7cc000000004fd7507c tcp: [16] 10.0.50.220:3260,1 iqn.1984-05.com.dell:powervault.md3600i.6d4ae520009bd7cc000000004fd7507c I'm getting very poor read performance : dd if=/dev/mapper/mpath1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1000 The SAN is configured as follows: CTRL0,PORT0 : 10.0.50.220 CTRL0,PORT1 : 10.0.50.221 CTRL1,PORT0 : 10.0.51.220 CTRL1,PORT1 : 10.0.51.221 And on the host : IF0 : 10.0.50.1 IF1 : 10.0.51.1 (Dual 10GbE Ethernet Card Intel DA2) It's connected to a 10gbE switch dedicated for SAN traffic. My questions being; why the connection is set up as 'ghost' and not 'ready' like an active/active configuration ?

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• VPN Device behind router/firewall

  - by David Steven

  ROUTER A: Peplink 310 serving as the gateway/router/firewall at one location. ROUTER B: Linksys RV082 serving as the gateway/router/firewall at another location. I want to VPN these two locations together. The Peplink has a PPTP server and has proprietary site-to-site vpn if you had another peplink device. The Linksys has an IPsec vpn server. VPN A: I also have another spare linksys rv082. I'm trying to setup the other rv082 (VPN A) behind the peplink (ROUTER A) and get VPN A to talk to ROUTER B. I setup VPN A with a lan ip address and plugged one of it's LAN ports into the LAN. I was able to get to it's web interface fine. On ROUTER A I one-to-one nat mapped one of our public ip's to the LAN IP for VPN A. I opened TCP 50-51 and UDP 500 to VPN A. I configured the VPN settings on VPN A to connect to ROUTER B. I did the opposite for ROUTER B. But the vpn doesn't connect. Then I tried pluging VPN A's wan port into the lan, and gave it another LAN IP. I thought perpahs VPN A didn't want to send VPN traffic out over the LAN and wanted do send it over it's WAN. The vpn still doesn't connect. It what I'm trying to do even possible?

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• Is there any way for ME to improve routing to an overseas server?

  - by Simon Hartcher

  I am trying to make a connection to a gaming server in Asia from Australia, but my ISP routes my connection through the US. Tracing route to worldoftanks-sea.com [116.51.25.54]over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.1.1 2 34 ms 42 ms 45 ms 10.20.21.123 3 40 ms 40 ms 43 ms 202.7.173.145 4 51 ms 42 ms 36 ms syd-sot-ken-crt1-ge-6-0-0.tpgi.com.au [202.7.171.121] 5 175 ms 200 ms 195 ms ge5-0-5d0.cir1.seattle7-wa.us.xo.net [216.156.100.37] 6 212 ms 228 ms 229 ms vb2002.rar3.sanjose-ca.us.xo.net [207.88.13.150] 7 205 ms 204 ms 206 ms 207.88.14.226.ptr.us.xo.net [207.88.14.226] 8 207 ms 215 ms 220 ms xe-0.equinix.snjsca04.us.bb.gin.ntt.net [206.223.116.12] 9 198 ms 201 ms 199 ms ae-7.r20.snjsca04.us.bb.gin.ntt.net [129.250.5.52] 10 396 ms 391 ms 395 ms as-6.r20.sngpsi02.sg.bb.gin.ntt.net [129.250.3.89] 11 383 ms 384 ms 383 ms ae-3.r02.sngpsi02.sg.bb.gin.ntt.net [129.250.4.178] 12 364 ms 381 ms 359 ms wotsg1-slave-54.worldoftanks.sg [116.51.25.54] Trace complete. Since I think it will be unlikely that my ISP will do anything, are there any ways to improve my routing to the server without them having to intervene? NB. The game runs predominately over UDP, so I believe most low ping services are out of the question, as they rely on TCP traffic.

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• SNAT through Racoon IPSec VPN

  - by Mite fine d'ailes

  I am trying to route traffic from a device (that I will call "target") connected to my Ubuntu box (that I will call "host") to servers at a remote office. The host uses a Racoon IPSec VPN, connected through a NIC called efix. This creates an aliased IF called efix:0 which has IP adress 192.168.190.132. It is able to reach the servers. The link between host and target is an Ethernet link, using IP adresses 10.0.0.1 on IF eusb for the host and 10.0.0.2 on IF eth0 for the target. I have setup the following routes and iptables entries: On target: 10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 On host: echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to 192.168.190.132 iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT Using Wireshark to monitor an HTTP GET, I can see SYN packets from the target go all the way to the server, but the server's SYNACK packets stop at the host and are not forwarded to the target. Am I missing something here ? Isn't SNAT supposed to keep track of the connections ?

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• iPhone Remote with iTunes Library via VPN

  - by sudo work

  Alright, so I'm currently behind a network router (not under my control). The router performs NAT and somehow prevents a computer from scanning other nodes. At least, you're unable, in this instance, to locate an iTunes library. You can, however, communicate with a node's open ports if the local IP address is known, as well as the port. I haven't actually tried port scanning a specific IP using nmap or another tool yet. So I've tried one solution to remove the contribution of the router entirely (to verify that it works without the influence of the routers). I set up an access point using my iPhone and tethered my computer (with the library) to it. From here, I was able to pair my library and the iPhone Remote application. Control of the library was normal as well. This solution is not ideal, however, because I am actively using bandwidth with my computer and cannot afford to be tethered to my 3G connection. A viable solution for me is to use a common VPN connection, which I have set up on a Ubuntu (Intrepid) server that is remote. Both my computer and iPhone are able to access the VPN via PPTP. The server is setup with PPTPD as the VPN-server; I'm using IPTables to perform IP masquerading and forwarding traffic. I however, still cannot connect the library to the phone. I can however, see both devices on the VPN subnet (192.168.0.0/24). SSH'ing and such works fine. What settings on the VPN server must I change to get this to work? Also, how can I assign static IP addresses to various PPTP clients based on MAC addresses?

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• Using VLANs/subnetting to separate management from services?

  - by YouAreTheHat

  Background: I recently purchased a server and a managed switch for my home in the hopes of getting more experience and some fun toys to play with. The devices and appliances I either have or plan to have cover a broad spectrum: router, DD-WRT AP, Dell switch, OpenLDAP server, FreeRADIUS server, OpenVPN gateway, home PCs, gaming consoles, etc. I intend to segment my network with VLANs and associated subnets (e.g., VID10 is populated by devices on 192.168.10.0/24). The idea is to secure the more sensitive appliances by forcing traffic through my router/FW. Setup: After thinking and planning for some time, I have tentatively decided on 4 VLANs: one for the WAN connection, one for servers, one for home/personal devices, and one for management. In theory, the home VLAN will have limited access to the servers, and the management VLAN will be totally isolated for security. Question: Since I want to restrict access to management interfaces, but some appliances have to be accessible to other devices, is it possible/wise to have only management (SSH, HTTP, RDP) available on one VLAN/IP and only services (LDAP, DHCP, RADIUS, VPN) available on other? Is this a thing that is done? Does it gain me the security I think it does, or hurt me in some way?

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• Mounting Replicated Gluster Multi-AZ Storage

  - by Roman Newaza

  I have Replicated Gluster Storage which is used by Auto scaling Servers. Both, Auto scaling and Storage are allocated in two Availability zones. Gluster: Number of Bricks: 4 x 2 = 8 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: gluster01:/storage/1a # Zone A Brick2: gluster02:/storage/1b # Zone B Brick3: gluster03:/storage/2a # Zone A Brick4: gluster04:/storage/2b # Zone B Brick5: gluster01:/storage/3a # Zone A Brick6: gluster02:/storage/3b # Zone B Brick7: gluster03:/storage/4a # Zone A Brick8: gluster04:/storage/4b # Zone B I used Round Robin DNS for Gluster entry point, so DNS name resolves to all of the storage server addresses which are returned in different order all the time: # host storage.domain.com storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x1 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x2 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x3 storage.domain.com has address xx.xx.xx.x4 The Storage is mounted with Native Gluster Client: # grep storage /etc/fstab storage.domain.com:/storage /storage glusterfs defaults,log-level=WARNING,log-file=/var/log/gluster.log 0 0 I have heard Gluster might be mounted with the first Server IP and after that it will fetch its configuration with the rest of Servers. Personally, I never tested single Server mount setup and I don't know how Gluster handles this. On EC2, traffic among single Availability zone is free and between different zones is not. When Client in zone A writes to storage and IP of Storage in zone B is returned, it will cost me twice more for data transfer: Client (Zone A) - Storage Server (Zone B) - Replication to Storage Server (Zone A). Question: Would it be better to mount Storage Server of the same zone, so that data transfer charges apply only for replication (A - A - B)?

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• missing network usage through iptables

  - by Purres

  I inserted a rule to iptables to track the input usage to a certain ip address. The vps server's IP is 192.168.1.5 and the guest os's IP is 192.168.1.115. I ran 'yum update' inside the guest OS to get some network traffic. Then I ran iptables -vnL from the hypervisor. However it only showed network usage to the host, but not to the guest. Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target source destination 0 0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 destination IP range 192.168.1.115-192.168.1.115 1853 114K 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 destination IP range 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.5 I ran tcpdump and the log showed that there're data packets to the guest os. 16:17:43.932514 IP mirrordenver.fdcservers.net.http > 192.168.1.115.34471: Flags [.], seq 17694667:17696115, ack 1345, win 113, options [nop,nop,TS val 1060308643 ecr 1958781], length 1448 16:17:43.932559 IP 192.168.1.115.34471 > mirrordenver.fdcservers.net.http: Flags [.], ack 17696115, win 15287, options [nop,nop,TS val 1958869 ecr 1060308643], length 0 Why the guest OS network usage couldn't be tracked? iptables -L will return the INPUT chain as following: Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination all -- anywhere anywhere destination IP range 192.168.1.115-192.168.1.115 all -- anywhere anywhere destination IP range 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.5 all -- anywhere anywhere

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• Network profile reverts to 'Unidentified' following Windows Update reboot

  - by user140575

  I have searched high and low for a solution to this problem. I have multiple servers running Windows 2000 Server as well as Windows Server 2003, 2003 R2, and 2008 R2. All of these servers are on the same Active Directory domain. The servers run showing the network profile as Domain Network, which is fine and correct. However, when a Windows update is installed, the server changes the profile to Unidentified Network once it has rebooted. This then doesn't allow any traffic to the server. For security reasons, we can't turn the firewalls off for. The only way to fix the problem is to physically be in front of the machine and work on it to change the profile back. Once the Profile has been reinstated to the Domain profile, it will be fine until the next month's update. This happens on all the Windows software mentioned above. The machines are not all identical, so it's not a hardware problem either. If anyone can help I'd be very grateful.

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• Node.js, Nginx and Varnish with WebSockets

  - by Joe S

  I'm in the process of architecting the backend of a new Node.js web app that i'd like to be pretty scalable, but not overkill. In all of my previous Node.js deployments, I have used Nginx to serve static assets such as JS/CSS and reverse proxy to Node (As i've heard Nginx does a much better job of this / express is not really production ready). However, Nginx does not support WebSockets. I am making extensive use of Socket.IO for the first time and discovered many articles detailing this limitation. Most of them suggest using Varnish to direct the WebSockets traffic directly to node, bypassing Nginx. This is my current setup: Varnish : Port 80 - Routing HTTP requests to Nginx and WebSockets directly to node Nginx : Port 8080 - Serving Static Assets like CSS/JS Node.js Express: Port 3000 - Serving the App, over HTTP + WebSockets However, there is now the added complexity that Varnish doesn't support HTTPS, which requires Stunnel or some other solution, it's also not load balanced yet (Perhaps i will use HAProxy or something). The complexity is stacking up! I would like to keep things simpler than this if possible. Is it still necessary to reverse proxy Node.js using Nginx when Varnish is also present? As even if express is slow at serving static files, they should theoretically be cached by Varnish. Or are there better ways to implement this?

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