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• I need an abstract field !

  - by Jules Olléon

  I know abstract fields do not exist in java. I also read this question but the solutions proposed won't solve my problem. Maybe there is no solution, but it's worth asking :) Problem I have an abstract class that does an operation in the constructor depending on the value of one of its fields. The problem is that the value of this field will change depending on the subclass. How can I do so that the operation is done on the value of the field redefined by the subclass ? If I just "override" the field in the subclass the operation is done on the value of the field in the abstract class. I'm open to any solution that would ensure that the operation will be done during the instantiation of the subclass (ie putting the operation in a method called by each subclass in the constructor is not a valid solution, because someone might extend the abstract class and forget to call the method). Also, I don't want to give the value of the field as an argument of the constructor. Is there any solution to do that, or should I just change my design ?

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• Workaround for basic syntax not being parsed.

  - by Mark Tomlin

  I want to have a class property that allow for an expression to take place on the right side of the equals sign. All versions of PHP choke on the following code, but it is written in this way to allow for easier extendibility in the future. /* Example SDK Class */ class SDK { /* Runtime Option Flags */ // Strings # 0: Makes no change to the strings. var $STRING_NONE = (1 << 0); # 1: Removes color codes from the string. var $STRING_STRIP_COLOR = (1 << 1); # 2: Removes language codes from the string. var $STRING_STRIP_LANG = (1 << 2); # 3: Removes all formatting from the string. var $STRING_STRIP = SELF::STRING_STRIP_COLOR & SELF::STRING_STRIP_LANG; # 4: Converts color codes to HTML & UTF-8. var $STRING_HTML = (1 << 3); # 8: Converts color codes to ECMA-48 escape color codes & UTF-8. var $STRING_CONSOLE = (1 << 4); # 16: Changes player names only. var $STRING_NAMES = (1 << 5); # 32: Changes host names only. var $STRING_HOSTS = (1 << 6); function SDK($fString = SELF::STRING_HTML & SELF::STRING_NAMES & SELF_HOST) { // constructor code. } } $SDK &= new SDK(SDK::STRING_NONE); (1 << 0) seems like very basic syntax to me, and is not fathomable why PHP would not allow for such a thing. Can anyone think of a work around that would maintain readability and future expandability of the following code?

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• Populate a form from SQL

  - by xrum

  Hi, I am trying to populate a web from from a SQL table. This is what I have right now, though I am not sure if it's the best way to do things, please give me suggestions: Public Class userDetails Public address1 As String Public address2 As String Public city As String ... ... ... End Class Public Class clsPerson 'set SQL connection Dim objFormat As New clsFormat Dim objConn As New clsConn() Dim connStr As String = objConn.getConn() Dim myConnection As New Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connStr) Public Function GetPersonDetails() As userDetails 'connection and all other good stuff here Try ' Execute the command myConnection.Open() dr = myCommand.ExecuteReader() ' Make sure a record was returned If dr.Read() Then ' Create and Populate ApplicantDetails userDetails.address1 = dr("address1") userDetails.address2 = objFormat.CheckNull(dr("address2")) userDetails.city = objFormat.CheckNull(dr("city")) .... Else Err.Raise(4938, "clsUser", "Error in GetUserDetails - User Not Found") End If dr.Close() Finally myConnection.Close() End Try Return userDetails End Function i then use GetPersonDetails() function in my backend to populate the form. like so: Dim userDetails as new userDetails userdetails = getPersonDetails() txtAddress.text = userdetails.address1 etc.... however, there are like 50 fields in the User db, and it seems like a lot of retyping... please help me find a better way to do this. Thank you!

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• I need to implement C# deep copy constructors with inheritance. What patterns are there to choose fr

  - by Tony Lambert

  I wish to implement a deepcopy of my classes hierarchy in C# public Class ParentObj : ICloneable { protected int myA; public virtual Object Clone () { ParentObj newObj = new ParentObj(); newObj.myA = theObj.MyA; return newObj; } } public Class ChildObj : ParentObj { protected int myB; public override Object Clone ( ) { Parent newObj = this.base.Clone(); newObj.myB = theObj.MyB; return newObj; } } This will not work as when Cloning the Child only a parent is new-ed. In my code some classes have large hierarchies. What is the recommended way of doing this? Cloning everything at each level without calling the base class seems wrong? There must be some neat solutions to this problem, what are they? Can I thank everyone for their answers. It was really interesting to see some of the approaches. I think it would be good if someone gave an example of a reflection answer for completeness. +1 awaiting!

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• In Ruby, how to implement 20 - point and point - 20 using coerce() ?

  - by Jian Lin

  In Ruby, the operation of point - 20 20 - point are to be implemented. But the following code: class Point attr_accessor :x, :y def initialize(x,y) @x, @y = x, y end def -(q) if (q.is_a? Fixnum) return Point.new(@x - q, @y - q) end Point.new(@x - q.x, @y - q.y) end def -@ Point.new(-@x, -@y) end def *(c) Point.new(@x * c, @y * c) end def coerce(something) [self, something] end end p = Point.new(100,100) q = Point.new(80,80) p (-p) p p - q p q - p p p * 3 p 5 * p p p - 30 p 30 - p Output: #<Point:0x2424e54 @x=-100, @y=-100> #<Point:0x2424dc8 @x=20, @y=20> #<Point:0x2424d3c @x=-20, @y=-20> #<Point:0x2424cc4 @x=300, @y=300> #<Point:0x2424c38 @x=500, @y=500> #<Point:0x2424bc0 @x=70, @y=70> #<Point:0x2424b20 @x=70, @y=70> 30 - p will actually be taken as p - 30 by the coerce function. Can it be made to work? I am actually surprise that the - method won't coerce the argument this way: class Fixnum def -(something) if (/* something is unknown class */) a, b = something.coerce(self) return -(a - b) # because we are doing a - b but we wanted b - a, so it is negated end end end that is, the function returns a negated version of a - b instead of just returning a - b.

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• With this generics code why am I getting "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.Relationsh

  - by Greg

  Hi, Any see why I'm getting a "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.RelationshipBase' to 'TRelationship'" in the code below, in CreateRelationship() ? public class TopologyBase<TKey, TNode, TRelationship> where TNode : NodeBase<TKey>, new() where TRelationship : RelationshipBase<TKey>, new() { // Properties public Dictionary<TKey, TNode> Nodes { get; private set; } public List<TRelationship> Relationships { get; private set; } // Constructors protected TopologyBase() { Nodes = new Dictionary<TKey, TNode>(); Relationships = new List<TRelationship>(); } // Methods public TNode CreateNode(TKey key) { var node = new TNode {Key = key}; Nodes.Add(node.Key, node); return node; } public void CreateRelationship(TNode parent, TNode child) { // Validation if (!Nodes.ContainsKey(parent.Key) || !Nodes.ContainsKey(child.Key)) { throw new ApplicationException("Can not create relationship as either parent or child was not in the graph: Parent:" + parent.Key + ", Child:" + child.Key); } // Add Relationship var r = new RelationshipBase<TNode>(); r.Parent = parent; r.Child = child; Relationships.Add(r); // *** HERE *** "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.RelationshipBase<TNode>' to 'TRelationship'" } } public class RelationshipBase<TNode> { public TNode Parent { get; set; } public TNode Child { get; set; } } public class NodeBase<T> { public T Key { get; set; } public NodeBase() { } public NodeBase(T key) { Key = key; } }

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• When do instance variables get initialized and values assigned?

  - by AKh

  When doees the instance variable get initialized? Is it after the constructor block is done or before it? Consider this example: public abstract class Parent { public Parent(){ System.out.println("Parent Constructor"); init(); } public void init(){ System.out.println("parent Init()"); } } public class Child extends Parent { private Integer attribute1; private Integer attribute2 = null; public Child(){ super(); System.out.println("Child Constructor"); } public void init(){ System.out.println("Child init()"); super.init(); attribute1 = new Integer(100); attribute2 = new Integer(200); } public void print(){ System.out.println("attribute 1 : " +attribute1); System.out.println("attribute 2 : " +attribute2); } } public class Tester { public static void main(String[] args) { Parent c = new Child(); ((Child)c).print(); } } OUTPUT: Parent Constructor Child init() parent Init() Child Constructor attribute 1 : 100 attribute 2 : null When the memory for the atribute 1 & 2 are allocated in the heap ? Curious to know why is attribute 2 is NULL ? Are there any design flaws?

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• Vertical text inside table headers using a JavaScript-based SVG library

  - by Oleg

  I use jqGrid with many columns containing boolean information, which are displayed as checkboxes inside the table (see http://www.ok-soft-gmbh.com/VerticalHeaders/TestFixedO.htm as an example). To display information more compactly I use vertical column headers. It works very well and works in jqGrid in all browsers (see my discussion with Tony Tomov in jqGrid forum http://www.trirand.com/blog/?page_id=393/feature-request/headers-with-vertical-orientation/), but in IE vertical text is blurred and doesn't look nice enough (open the link above in IE and you will see exactly what I mean). I was asked from users why the text displayed so strangely. So I'm thinking of using a JavaScript-based SVG library like SVG Web ( http://code.google.com/p/svgweb/ ) or Raphaël ( http://raphaeljs.com/ ). SVG is very powerful and it is difficult to find a good example. I need only to display vertical text (-90 grad, from the bottom up) and use if possible without working in mode of absolute positioning. So one more time my question: I need to have a possibility to display vertical text (-90 grad rotation) inside <td> elements of a table header. I want to use a JavaScript-based SVG library like SVG Web or Raphaël. The solution must support IE6. Does anybody have a good reference example which could help me do this? If somebody posts a whole solution of the problem I would be happy. To be exact here is my current solution: I define .rotate { -webkit-transform: rotate(-90deg); /* Safari 3.1+, Chrome */ -moz-transform: rotate(-90deg); /* Firefox 3.5+ */ -o-transform: rotate(-90deg); /* Opera starting with 10.50 */ /* Internet Explorer: */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=3); /* IE6, IE7 */ -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=3)" /* IE8 */; } define RotateCheckboxColumnHeaders function var RotateCheckboxColumnHeaders = function (grid, headerHeight) { // we use grid as context (if one have more as one table on tnhe page) var trHead = $("thead:first tr", grid.hdiv); var cm = grid.getGridParam("colModel"); $("thead:first tr th").height(headerHeight); headerHeight = $("thead:first tr th").height(); for (var iCol = 0; iCol < cm.length; iCol++) { var cmi = cm[iCol]; if (cmi.formatter === 'checkbox') { // we must set width of column header div BEFOR adding class "rotate" to // prevent text cutting based on the current column width var headDiv = $("th:eq(" + iCol + ") div", trHead); headDiv.width(headerHeight).addClass("rotate"); if (!$.browser.msie) { if ($.browser.mozilla) { headDiv.css("left", (cmi.width - headerHeight) / 2 + 3).css("bottom", 7); } else { headDiv.css("left", (cmi.width - headerHeight) / 2); } } else { var ieVer = jQuery.browser.version.substr(0, 3); // Internet Explorer if (ieVer !== "6.0" && ieVer !== "7.0") { headDiv.css("left", cmi.width / 2 - 4).css("bottom", headerHeight / 2); $("span", headDiv).css("left", 0); } else { headDiv.css("left", 3); } } } } }; And include a call like RotateCheckboxColumnHeaders(grid, 110); after creating jqGrid.

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• Unable to step into interface implementation configured by unity application block

  - by Rahul

  I have configured a set of interface implementations with EntLib. unity block. The constructor of implementation classes work fine as soon as I run the application: 1. The interface to implement when I run the application the cctor runs fine, which shows that unity resolution was successful: But when I try to call a method of this class, the code just passes through without actually invoking the function of the implemented class: Edit: Added on June 11, 2012 Following is the Unity Configuration I have. (This is all the unity configuration I am doing) public class UnityControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory { private static readonly IUnityContainer container; private static UnityControllerFactory factory = null; static UnityControllerFactory() { container = new UnityContainer(); UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"); section.Configure(container); factory = new UnityControllerFactory(); } public static UnityControllerFactory GetControllerFactory() { return factory; } protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) { return container.Resolve(controllerType) as IController; } } I am unable to step into this code and the implementation simply skips out without executing anything. What is wrong here?

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• Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_STRING in...

  - by rabidmachine9

  I' making this class to catch twitter posts but I get the error : Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_STRING in /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/classTest/Twitter.php on line 29 I cant find what's wrong...any ideas? class TwitterGrub{ function twitterCapture($user = 'myUsername',$password = 'myPass') { $ch = curl_init("https://twitter.com/statuses/user_timeline.xml"); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_USERPWD,$user . ":" . $password); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); $result=curl_exec ($ch); $data = strstr($result, '<?'); $xml = new SimpleXMLElement($data); return $xml; } function twitterDisplay($twitNum){ $xml = this->twitterCapture(); for($i= 0; $i<$twitNum; $i++){ echo "<div class='curvebox'>".$xml->status[$i]->text."</div>"; } } }

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• What do I name classes whose only purpose is to act as a structure?

  - by Sergio Tapia

  For example, take my Actor class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Drawing; namespace FreeIMDB { class Actor { public string Name { get; set; } public Image Portrait { get; set; } public DateTime DateOfBirth { get; set; } public List<string> ActingRoles { get; set; } public List<string> WritingRoles { get; set; } public List<string> ProducingRoles { get; set; } public List<string> DirectingRoles { get; set; } } } This class will only be used to stuff information into it, and allow other developers to get their values. What are these types of classes officially called? What is the correct nomenclature?

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• Flash compiler error 1061: Call to a possibly undefined method run... but run exists!

  - by Zane Geiger

  So I've been working on making a game in Processing but I think Flash would be a better way to get more people playing it, so I've decided to learn Flash. The problem is that I keep getting really stupid errors on incredibly simple things. For instance, I want to make a 'Block' object to use in a platform game. So I make a new .as file, name it Block.as, and define the Block class within it like so: package { public class Block { public function Block() { // constructor code } public function run() { } } } I don't want to add the code yet, I just want to ensure that this works. So in my main timeline code, I try to create an instance of the Block object and execute its run method: var block1:Block = new Block(); block1.run(); Every time it gives me this inane error: Scene 1, Layer 'Layer 1', Frame 1, Line 2 1061: Call to a possibly undefined method run through a reference with static type Block. What undefined method!? It's defined RIGHT THERE in Block.as. The class file is even in the same folder and everything. I'm getting REALLY annoyed at how poorly Flash handles such a ridiculously simple project. Does anyone know why Flash hates me?

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• Is it true that in most Object Oriented Programming Languages, an "i" in an instance method always r

  - by Jian Lin

  In the following code: <script type="text/javascript"> var i = 10; function Circle(radius) { this.r = radius; this.i = radius; } Circle.i = 123; Circle.prototype.area = function() { alert(i); } var c = new Circle(1); var a = c.area(); </script> What is being alerted? The answer is at the end of this question. I found that the i in the alert call either refers to any local (if any), or the global variable. There is no way that it can be the instance variable or the class variable even when there is no local and no global defined. To refer to the instance variable i, we need this.i, and to the class variable i, we need Circle.i. Is this actually true for almost all Object oriented programming languages? Any exception? Are there cases that when there is no local and no global, it will look up the instance variable and then the class variable scope? (or in this case, are those called scope?) the answer is: 10 is being alerted.

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• Segmentation fault on instationation of more than 1 object

  - by ECE

  I have a class called "Vertex.hpp" which is as follows: #include <iostream> #include "Edge.hpp" #include <vector> using namespace std; /** A class, instances of which are nodes in an HCTree. */ class Vertex { public: Vertex(char * str){ *name=*str; } vector<Vertex*> adjecency_list; vector<Edge*> edge_weights; char *name; }; #endif When I instantiate an object of type Vector as follows: Vertex *first_read; Vertex *second_read; in.getline(input,256); str=strtok(input," "); first_read->name=str; str=strtok(NULL, " "); second_read->name=str; A segmentation fault occurs when more than 1 object of type Vector is instantiated. Why would this occur if more than 1 object is instantiated, and how can i allow multiple objects to be instantiated?

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• AttributeError in my Python program regarding classes

  - by Axel Finkel

  I'm doing an exercise out of the Python book that involves creating a class and a subclass. I am getting the following error when I try to run the program: AttributeError: 'Customer' object has no attribute 'name', when it tries to go through this bit of code: self.name.append(name) As this is my first time dealing with classes and objects in Python, I'm sure I am making some overt mistake somewhere, but I can't seem to figure it out. I've looked over the documentation for creating classes and writing member functions, and it looks correct, but it is obviously not. I want the Customer subclass to inherit the name, address, and telephone attributes from the Person superclass, but it doesn't seem to be doing so? Here is my code: class Person: def __init__(self): self.name = None self.address = None self.telephone = None def changeName(self, name): self.name.append(name) def changeAddress(self, address): self.address.append(address) def changeTelephone(self, telephone): self.telephone.append(telephone) class Customer(Person): def __init__(self): self.customerNumber = None self.onMailingList = False def changeCustomerNumber(self, customerNumber): self.customerNumber.append(customerNumber) def changeOnMailingList(): if onMailingList == False: onMailingList == True else: onMailingList == False def main(): customer1 = Customer() name = 'Bob Smith' address = '123 Somewhere Road' telephone = '111 222 3333' customerNumber = '12345' customer1.changeName(name) customer1.changeAddress(address) customer1.changeTelephone(telephone) customer1.changeCustomerNumber(customerNumber) print("Customer name: " + customer1.name) print("Customer address: " + customer1.address) print("Customer telephone number: " + customer1.telephone) print("Customer number: " + customer1.customerNumber) print("On mailing list: " + customer1.OnMailingList) customer1.changeOnMailingList() print("On mailing list: " + customer1.OnMailingList) main()

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• C++ class functions calling fortran subroutine

  - by user2863626

  Okay so I am trying to make my code work. It is a simple C++ program with a class "CArray". This class has 2 properties, the array size, and the value. I want the main C++ program to create two instances of the class CArray. In the class CArray, I have a function called "AddArray( CArray )" where it adds another array to the current array. The problem I am stuck with, is that I want the function "AddArray" to add the two arrays in fortran. I know, much more complicated, but that is what I need. I am having issues with linking the two inside the class code. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CArray { public: CArray(); ~CArray(); int Size; int* Val; void SetSize( int ); void SetValues(); void GetArray(); extern "C" { void Add( int*, int*, int*, int*); void Subtract( int*, int*, int*, int*); void Muliply( int*, int*, int *, int* ); } void AddArray( CArray ); void SubtractArray( CArray ); void MultiplyArray( CArray ); }; Also here is the CArray function file. #include "Array.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; CArray::CArray() { } CArray::~CArray() { } void CArray::SetSize( int s ) { Size = s; for ( int i=0; i<s; i++ ) { Val = new int[Size]; } } void CArray::SetValues() { for ( int i=0; i<Size; i++ ) { cout << "Element " << i+1 << ": "; cin >> Val[i]; } } void CArray::GetArray() { for ( int i=0; i<Size; i++ ) { cout << Val[i] << " "; } } void CArray::AddArray( CArray a ) { if ( Size == a.Size ) { Add(&Val, &a.Val); } else { cout << "Array dimensions do not agree!" << endl; } } void CArray::SubtractArray( CArray a ) { Subtract( &Val, &a, &Size, &a.Size); GetArray(); } Here is my Fortran code. module SubtractArrays use ico_c_binding implicit none contains subroutine Subtract(a,b,s1,s2) bind(c,name='Subtract') integer s1,s2 integer a(s1),b(s2) if ( s1.eq.s2 ) do i=1,s1 a(i) = a(i) - b(i) end return end end If someone could just help me with setting me up to send arrays of integers from C++ classes to fortran I would greatly appreciate it! Thank you, Josh Derrick

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• How to loop through an array return from the Query of Mysql

  - by Jerry

  This might be easy for you guys but i could't get it. I have a php class that query the database and return the query result. I assign the result to an array and wants to use it on my main.php script. I have tried to use echo $var[0] or echo $var[1] but the output are 'array' instead of my value. Anyone can help me about this issue? Thanks a lot! My php class <?php class teamQuery { function teamQuery(){ } function getAllTeam(){ $connection = mysql_connect(DB_SERVER,DB_USER,DB_PASS); if (!$connection) { die("Database connection failed: " . mysql_error()); } $db_select = mysql_select_db(DB_NAME,$connection); if (!$db_select) { die("Database selection failed: " . mysql_error()); } $teamQuery=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM team", $connection); if (!$teamQuery){ die("database has errors: ".mysql_error()); } $ret = array(); while($row=mysql_fetch_array($teamQuery)){ $ret[]=$row; } mysql_free_result($teamQuery); return $ret; } } ?> My php on the main.php $getTeam=new teamQuery(); $team=$getTeam->getAllTeam(); //echo $team[0] or team[1] output 'array' string! // while($team){ // do something } can't work either // How to loop through the values?? Thanks!

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• Implement two functions with the same name but different, non-covariant return types due to multiple abstract base classes

  - by user1508167

  If I have two abstract classes defining a pure virtual function with the same name, but different, non-covariant return types, how can I derive from these and define an implementation for both their functions? #include <iostream> class ITestA { public: virtual ~ITestA() {}; virtual float test() =0; }; class ITestB { public: virtual ~ITestB() {}; virtual bool test() =0; }; class C : public ITestA, public ITestB { public: /* Somehow implement ITestA::test and ITestB::test */ }; int main() { ITestA *a = new C(); std::cout << a->test() << std::endl; // should print a float, like "3.14" ITestB *b = dynamic_cast<ITestB *>(a); if (b) { std::cout << b->test() << std::endl; // should print "1" or "0" } delete(a); return 0; } As long as I don't call C::test() directly there's nothing ambiguous, so I think that it should work somehow and I guess I just didn't find the right notation yet. Or is this impossible, if so: Why?

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• CSS class not having an effect on a div

  - by ETFairfax

  Hi Peeps, The following is an section of my css file plus some HTML. Can anyone tell me when I put class="containerHeader selected" (as is on Test Header A) the background colour is not being set to Red??? Cheers, ET Fairfax. div#builderContainer { margin-top: 15px; width: 390px; height: 700px; border: solid 0px #CCCCCC; background-repeat: no-repeat; } div#builderContainer .container { display: none; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; /* Corner radius */ border: solid 1px #999999; } div#builderContainer .container div:hover { background-color: #EEEEEE; } div#builderContainer .containerHeader { -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background: #93c3cd url(images/ui-bg_diagonals-small_50_93c3cd_40x40.png) 50% 50% repeat; border-bottom: solid 0px #999999; margin: 0px; margin-top: 25px; padding: 10px; /* display: none; */ border: solid 1px #999999; font-weight: bold; font-family: Verdana; background-color: #FFF; cursor: pointer; vertical-align: middle; } div#builderContainer .containerHeader:hover { background: #ccd232 url(images/ui-bg_diagonals-small_75_ccd232_40x40.png) 50% 50% repeat; } div#builderContainer .containerHeader:active { background: #db4865 url(images/ui-bg_diagonals-small_40_db4865_40x40.png) 50% 50% repeat; } div#builderContainer .containerHeader .selected { background-color: Red; } <div id="builderContainer"> <div class="containerHeader selected" id="CHA">Test Header A</div> <div class="container" id="CA"></div> <div class="containerHeader" id="CHB">Test Header B</div> <div class="container" id="CB"></div> </div>

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• Class Problem (c++ and prolog)

  - by Joshua Green

  I am using the C++ interface to Prolog (the classes and methods of SWI-cpp.h). For working out a simple backtracking that john likes mary and emma and sara: likes(john, mary). likes(john, emma). likes(john, ashley). I can just do: { PlFrame fr; PlTermv av(2); av[0] = PlCompound("john"); PlQuery q("likes", av); while (q.next_solution()) { cout << (char*)av[1] << endl; } } This works in a separate code, so the syntax is correct. But I am also trying to get this simple backtracking to work within a class: class UserTaskProlog { public: UserTaskProlog(ArRobot* r); ~UserTaskProlog(); protected: int cycles; char* argv[1]; ArRobot* robot; void logTask(); }; This class works fine, with my cycles variable incrementing every robot cycle. However, when I run my main code, I get an Unhandled Exception error message: UserTaskProlog::UserTaskProlog(ArRobot* r) : robotTaskFunc(this, &UserTaskProlog::logTask) { cycles = 0; PlEngine e(argv[0]); PlCall("consult('myFile.pl')"); robot->addSensorInterpTask("UserTaskProlog", 50, &robotTaskFunc); } UserTaskProlog::~UserTaskProlog() { robot->remSensorInterpTask(&robotTaskFunc); // Do I need a destructor here for pl? } void UserTaskProlog::logTask() { cycles++; cout << cycles; { PlFrame fr; PlTermv av(2); av[0] = PlCompound("john"); PlQuery q("likes", av); while (q.next_solution()) { cout << (char*)av[1] << endl; } } } I have my opening and closing brackets for PlFrame. I have my frame, my query, etc... The exact same code that backtracks and prints out mary and emma and sara. What am I missing here that I get an error message? Here is what I think the code should do: I expect mary and emma and sara to be printed out once, every time cycles increments. However, it opens SWI-cpp.h file automatically and points to class PlFrame. What is it trying to tell me? I don't see anything wrong with my PlFrame class declaration. Thanks,

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• CustomRenderer for AutoComplete using google closure library

  - by Paul

  I'm looking to use one of the AutoComplete subclasses(Rich,Remote,RichRemote) and I'd like to use a CustomRenderer, however I don't see instructions for this and reading the documentation/source it appears that the Remote subclass is instantiated with a renderer of "var renderer = new goog.ui.AutoComplete.Renderer();" leaving me no option to change it while instantiating. Is there a setRenderer method on the AutoComplete base class similar to that on the goog.ui.Controls classes? Thanks, Paul

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• Winforms: calling entry form function from a different class

  - by samy

  I'm kinda new to programming and got a question on what is a good practice. I created a class that represents a ball and it has a function Jump() that use 2 timers and get the ball up and down. I know that in Winforms you got to call Invalidate() every time you want to repaint the screen, or part of it. I didn't find a good way to do that, so I reference the form in my class, and called Invalidate() inside my ball class every time I need to repaint to ball movement. (this works but I got a feeling that this is not a good practice) Here is the class I created: public class Ball { public Form1 parent;//----> here is the reference to the form public Rectangle ball; Size size; public Point p; Timer timerBallGoUp = new Timer(); Timer timerBallGDown = new Timer(); public int ballY; public Ball(Size _size, Point _p) { size = _size; p = _p; ball = new Rectangle(p, size); } public void Jump() { ballY = p.Y; timerBallGDown.Elapsed += ballGoDown; timerBallGDown.Interval = 50; timerBallGoUp.Elapsed += ballGoUp; timerBallGoUp.Interval = 50; timerBallGoUp.Start(); } private void ballGoUp(object obj,ElapsedEventArgs e) { p.Y++; ball.Location = new Point(ball.Location.X, p.Y); if (p.Y >= ballY + 50) { timerBallGoUp.Stop(); timerBallGDown.Start(); } parent.Invalidate(); // here i call parent.Invalidate() 1 } private void ballGoDown(object obj, ElapsedEventArgs e) { p.Y--; ball.Location = new Point(ball.Location.X, p.Y); if (p.Y <= ballY) { timerBallGDown.Stop(); timerBallGoUp.Start(); } parent.Invalidate(); // here i call parent.Invalidate() 2 } } I'm wondring if there is a better way to do that? (sorry for my english)

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• synchronizing XML nodes between class and file using C#

  - by Sarah Vessels

  I'm trying to write an IXmlSerializable class that stays synced with an XML file. The XML file has the following format: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <logging> <logLevel>Error</logLevel> </logging> ...potentially other sections... </configuration> I have a DllConfig class for the whole XML file and a LoggingSection class for representing <logging> and its contents, i.e., <logLevel>. DllConfig has this property: [XmlElement(ElementName = LOGGING_TAG_NAME, DataType = "LoggingSection")] public LoggingSection Logging { get; protected set; } What I want is for the backing XML file to be updated (i.e., rewritten) when a property is set. I already have DllConfig do this when Logging is set. However, how should I go about doing this when Logging.LogLevel is set? Here's an example of what I mean: var config = new DllConfig("path_to_backing_file.xml"); config.Logging.LogLevel = LogLevel.Information; // not using Logging setter, but a // setter on LoggingSection, so how // does path_to_backing_file.xml // have its contents updated? My current solution is to have a SyncedLoggingSection class that inherits from LoggingSection and also takes a DllConfig instance in the constructor. It declares a new LogLevel that, when set, updates the LogLevel in the base class and also uses the given DllConfig to write the entire DllConfig out to the backing XML file. Is this a good technique? I don't think I can just serialize SyncedLoggingSection by itself to the backing XML file, because not all of the contents will be written, just the <logging> node. Then I'd end up with an XML file containing only the <logging> section with its updated <logLevel>, instead of the entire config file with <logLevel> updated. Hence, I need to pass an instance of DllConfig to SyncedLoggingSection. It seems almost like I want an event handler, one in DllConfig that would notice when particular properties (i.e., LogLevel) in its properties (i.e., Logging) were set. Is such a thing possible?

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• Marshalling to a native library in C#

  - by Daniel Baulig

  I'm having trouble calling functions of a native library from within managed C# code. I am developing for the 3.5 compact framework (Windows Mobile 6.x) just in case this would make any difference. I am working with the waveIn* functions from coredll.dll (these are in winmm.dll in regular Windows I believe). This is what I came up with: // namespace winmm; class winmm [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct WAVEFORMAT { public ushort wFormatTag; public ushort nChannels; public uint nSamplesPerSec; public uint nAvgBytesPerSec; public ushort nBlockAlign; public ushort wBitsPerSample; public ushort cbSize; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct WAVEHDR { public IntPtr lpData; public uint dwBufferLength; public uint dwBytesRecorded; public IntPtr dwUser; public uint dwFlags; public uint dwLoops; public IntPtr lpNext; public IntPtr reserved; } public delegate void AudioRecordingDelegate(IntPtr deviceHandle, uint message, IntPtr instance, ref WAVEHDR wavehdr, IntPtr reserved2); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInAddBuffer(IntPtr hWaveIn, ref WAVEHDR lpWaveHdr, uint cWaveHdrSize); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInPrepareHeader(IntPtr hWaveIn, ref WAVEHDR lpWaveHdr, uint Size); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInStart(IntPtr hWaveIn); // some other class private WinMM.WinMM.AudioRecordingDelegate waveIn; private IntPtr handle; private uint bufferLength; private void setupBuffer() { byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLength]; GCHandle bufferPin = GCHandle.Alloc(buffer, GCHandleType.Pinned); WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR hdr = new WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR(); hdr.lpData = bufferPin.AddrOfPinnedObject(); hdr.dwBufferLength = this.bufferLength; hdr.dwFlags = 0; int i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInPrepareHeader(this.handle, ref hdr, Convert.ToUInt32(Marshal.SizeOf(hdr))); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInPrepare"; return; } i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInAddBuffer(this.handle, ref hdr, Convert.ToUInt32(Marshal.SizeOf(hdr))); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInAddrBuffer"; return; } } private void setupWaveIn() { WinMM.WinMM.WAVEFORMAT format = new WinMM.WinMM.WAVEFORMAT(); format.wFormatTag = WinMM.WinMM.WAVE_FORMAT_PCM; format.nChannels = 1; format.nSamplesPerSec = 8000; format.wBitsPerSample = 8; format.nBlockAlign = Convert.ToUInt16(format.nChannels * format.wBitsPerSample); format.nAvgBytesPerSec = format.nSamplesPerSec * format.nBlockAlign; this.bufferLength = format.nAvgBytesPerSec; format.cbSize = 0; int i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInOpen(out this.handle, WinMM.WinMM.WAVE_MAPPER, ref format, Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(waveIn), 0, WinMM.WinMM.CALLBACK_FUNCTION); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInOpen"; return; } setupBuffer(); WinMM.WinMM.waveInStart(this.handle); } I read alot about marshalling the last few days, nevertheless I do not get this code working. When my callback function is called (waveIn) when the buffer is full, the hdr structure passed back in wavehdr is obviously corrupted. Here is an examlpe of how the structure looks like at that point: - wavehdr {WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR} WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR dwBufferLength 0x19904c00 uint dwBytesRecorded 0x0000fa00 uint dwFlags 0x00000003 uint dwLoops 0x1990f6a4 uint + dwUser 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + lpData 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + lpNext 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + reserved 0x7c07c9a0 System.IntPtr This obiously is not what I expected to get passed. I am clearly concerned about the order of the fields in the view. I do not know if Visual Studio .NET cares about actual memory order when displaying the record in the "local"-view, but they are obviously not displayed in the order I speciefied in the struct. Then theres no data pointer and the bufferLength field is far to high. Interestingly the bytesRecorded field is exactly 64000 - bufferLength and bytesRecorded I'd expect both to be 64000 though. I do not know what exactly is going wrong, maybe someone can help me out on this. I'm an absolute noob to managed code programming and marshalling so please don't be too harsh to me for all the stupid things I've propably done. Oh here's the C code definition for WAVEHDR which I found here, I believe I might have done something wrong in the C# struct definition: /* wave data block header */ typedef struct wavehdr_tag { LPSTR lpData; /* pointer to locked data buffer */ DWORD dwBufferLength; /* length of data buffer */ DWORD dwBytesRecorded; /* used for input only */ DWORD_PTR dwUser; /* for client's use */ DWORD dwFlags; /* assorted flags (see defines) */ DWORD dwLoops; /* loop control counter */ struct wavehdr_tag FAR *lpNext; /* reserved for driver */ DWORD_PTR reserved; /* reserved for driver */ } WAVEHDR, *PWAVEHDR, NEAR *NPWAVEHDR, FAR *LPWAVEHDR; If you are used to work with all those low level tools like pointer-arithmetic, casts, etc starting writing managed code is a pain in the ass. It's like trying to learn how to swim with your hands tied on your back. Some things I tried (to no effect): .NET compact framework does not seem to support the Pack = 2^x directive in [StructLayout]. I tried [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)] and used 4 bytes and 8 bytes alignment. 4 bytes alignmentgave me the same result as the above code and 8 bytes alignment only made things worse - but that's what I expected. Interestingly if I move the code from setupBuffer into the setupWaveIn and do not declare the GCHandle in the context of the class but in a local context of setupWaveIn the struct returned by the callback function does not seem to be corrupted. I am not sure however why this is the case and how I can use this knowledge to fix my code. I'd really appreciate any good links on marshalling, calling unmanaged code from C#, etc. Then I'd be very happy if someone could point out my mistakes. What am I doing wrong? Why do I not get what I'd expect.

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• Turn class "Interfaceable"

  - by scooterman

  Hi folks, On my company system, we use a class to represent beans. It is just a holder of information using boost::variant and some serialization/deserialization stuff. It works well, but we have a problem: it is not over an interface, and since we use modularization through dlls, building an interface for it is getting very complicated, since it is used in almost every part of our app, and sadly interfaces (abstract classes ) on c++ have to be accessed through pointers, witch makes almost impossible to refactor the entire system. Our structure is: dll A: interface definition through abstract class dll B: interface implementation there is a painless way to achieve that (maybe using templates, I don't know) or I should forget about making this work and simply link everything with dll B? thanks Edit: Here is my example. this is on dll A BeanProtocol is a holder of N dataprotocol itens, wich are acessed by a index. class DataProtocol; class UTILS_EXPORT BeanProtocol { public: virtual DataProtocol& get(const unsigned int ) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual void getFields(std::list<unsigned int>&) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual DataProtocol& operator[](const unsigned int ) { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual DataProtocol& operator[](const unsigned int ) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual void fromString(const std::string&) { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual std::string toString() const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual void fromBinary(const std::string&) { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual std::string toBinary() const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual BeanProtocol& operator=(const BeanProtocol&) { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual bool operator==(const BeanProtocol&) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual bool operator!=(const BeanProtocol&) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual bool operator==(const char*) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } virtual bool hasKey(unsigned int field) const { throw std::runtime_error("Not implemented"); } }; the other class (named GenericBean) implements it. This is the only way I've found to make this work, but now I want to turn it in a truly interface and remove the UTILS_EXPORT (which is an _declspec macro), and finally remove the forced linkage of B with A.

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