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• Debian: What are these files in /sys/devices/pci0000:00/ for?

  - by muhuk

  I am running Debian Squeeze on an MSI M670 laptop. I have these following files on my root drive, each 256MB: file:///sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/resource1 file:///sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/resource1_wc Here is my lspci output: muhuk@debian:~$ lspci 00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:00.2 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 1 (rev a2) 00:00.3 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 5 (rev a2) 00:00.4 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 4 (rev a2) 00:00.5 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:00.6 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 3 (rev a2) 00:00.7 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 2 (rev a2) 00:03.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation C51 PCI Express Bridge (rev a1) 00:05.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation C51 [GeForce Go 6100] (rev a2) 00:09.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:0a.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 LPC Bridge (rev a3) 00:0a.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP51 SMBus (rev a3) 00:0a.3 Co-processor: nVidia Corporation MCP51 PMU (rev a3) 00:0b.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP51 USB Controller (rev a3) 00:0b.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP51 USB Controller (rev a3) 00:0d.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 IDE (rev a1) 00:0e.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Serial ATA Controller (rev a1) 00:0f.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Serial ATA Controller (rev a1) 00:10.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 PCI Bridge (rev a2) 00:10.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation MCP51 High Definition Audio (rev a2) 00:14.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Ethernet Controller (rev a3) 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control 04:04.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): O2 Micro, Inc. Firewire (IEEE 1394) (rev 02) 04:04.2 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MMC/SD Controller (rev 01) 04:04.3 Mass storage controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MS/xD Controller (rev 01) 04:09.0 Network controller: RaLink RT2561/RT61 rev B 802.11g I am speculating these have something to do with the shared RAM my GPU is using. But why a file on disk? And why two of them?

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• Android: Showing photos runs out of memory

  - by Tom Beech

  I'm using a dialog box to display images in my android project. The first one opens fine, but when I close it and do the process again to show a different one the app falls over with a memory error (it's running on a samsung galaxy s3 - so shouldnt be an issue). Error: 10-24 11:25:45.575: E/dalvikvm-heap(29194): Out of memory on a 31961104-byte allocation. 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:587) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeFile(BitmapFactory.java:389) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeFile(BitmapFactory.java:418) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromPath(Drawable.java:882) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.ImageView.resolveUri(ImageView.java:569) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.ImageView.setImageURI(ImageView.java:340) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at com.directenquiries.assessment.tool.AddAsset.loadPhoto(AddAsset.java:771) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at com.directenquiries.assessment.tool.AddAsset$11.onClick(AddAsset.java:748) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at com.android.internal.app.AlertController$AlertParams$3.onItemClick(AlertController.java:936) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.AdapterView.performItemClick(AdapterView.java:292) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.AbsListView.performItemClick(AbsListView.java:1359) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.AbsListView$PerformClick.run(AbsListView.java:2988) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.widget.AbsListView$1.run(AbsListView.java:3783) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:605) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4517) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:993) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:760) 10-24 11:25:45.580: E/AndroidRuntime(29194): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) Loading code: public void loadPhotoList(){ Cursor f = db.rawQuery("select * from stationphotos where StationObjectID = '"+ checkStationObjectID + "'", null); final ArrayList<String> mHelperNames= new ArrayList<String>(); if(f.getCount() != 0) { f.moveToFirst(); f.moveToFirst(); while(!f.isAfterLast()) { mHelperNames.add(f.getString(f.getColumnIndex("FilePath"))); f.moveToNext(); } } f.close(); final String [] nameStrings = new String [mHelperNames.size()]; for(int i=0; i<mHelperNames.size(); i++) nameStrings[i] = mHelperNames.get(i).toString(); AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this); builder.setTitle("Select Picture"); builder.setItems(nameStrings, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int item) { loadPhoto(mHelperNames.get(item).toString()); } }); AlertDialog alert = builder.create(); alert.show(); } public void loadPhoto(String imagepath){ Dialog dialog = new Dialog(this); dialog.setContentView(R.layout.activity_show_image); dialog.setTitle("Image"); dialog.setCancelable(true); ImageView img = (ImageView) dialog.findViewById(R.id.imageView1); img.setImageResource(R.drawable.ico_partial); Uri imgUri = Uri.parse(imagepath); img.setImageURI(imgUri); dialog.show(); }

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• Does boost::asio makes excessive small heap allocations or am I wrong?

  - by Poni

  #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <boost/asio.hpp> using boost::asio::ip::tcp; class session { public: session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length - 1), boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { if (!error) { data_[bytes_transferred] = '\0'; if(NULL != strstr(data_, "quit")) { this->socket().shutdown(boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket::shutdown_both); this->socket().close(); // how to make this dispatch "handle_read()" with a "disconnected" flag? } else { boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(data_, bytes_transferred), boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length - 1), boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } } else { delete this; } } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { // } else { delete this; } } private: tcp::socket socket_; enum { max_length = 1024 }; char data_[max_length]; }; class server { public: server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port) : io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) { session* new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } void handle_accept(session* new_session, const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { new_session->start(); new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete new_session; } } private: boost::asio::io_service& io_service_; tcp::acceptor acceptor_; }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { try { if (argc != 2) { std::cerr << "Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\n"; return 1; } boost::asio::io_service io_service; using namespace std; // For atoi. server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1])); io_service.run(); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n"; } return 0; } While experimenting with boost::asio I've noticed that within the calls to async_write()/async_read_some() there is a usage of the C++ "new" keyword. Also, when stressing this echo server with a client (1 connection) that sends for example 100,000 times some data, the memory usage of this program is getting higher and higher. What's going on? Will it allocate memory for every call? Or am I wrong? Asking because it doesn't seem right that a server app will allocate, anything. Can I handle it, say with a memory pool? Another side-question: See the "this-socket().close();" ? I want it, as the comment right to it says, to dispatch that same function one last time, with a disconnection error. Need that to do some clean-up. How do I do that? Thank you all gurus (:

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• iPad + OpenGL ES2. Why the Puzzling Virtual Memory Spike During Device Reorientation?

  - by dugla

  I've been spending the afternoon starring at Xcode Instruments memory monitor trying to decipher the following memory issue. I have a fullscreen OpenGL ES2 app running on iPad. I am fanatical about memory issues so my retains/releases are all nicely balanced. I closely monitor memory leaks. My app is basically squeeky clean. Except occassionally when I reorient the device. Portrait to Landscape. Back and forth I rock the device stress testing my discarding and rebuilding of the OpenGL framebuffer. The ambient memory footprint of my app is about 70MB Real Mems and 180MB Virtual Mems. Real memory hardly varies at all during device rotations. However the virtual mems reading sometimes briefly spikes up to 250MB and then recedes back to 180MB. No real pattern. But clearly related discarding/rebuilding the framebuffer. I see random memory warnings in my NSlogs but the app just hums along, no worries. 1) Since iPhone OS devices don't have VM could someone explain to me what the VM reading actually means? 2) My app totally leak free and generally bulletproof dispite the VM spikes. Never crashes. Rock solid. Should I be concerned about this? 3) There is clearly something happening in OpenGL framebuffer land that is causing this but I am using the API in the proper way: paraphrasing: Discarding the framebuffer: glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &m_colorbuffer); glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &m_framebuffer); Rebuilding the framebuffer: glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_framebuffer); glGenRenderbuffers(1, &m_colorbuffer); Is there some other memory flushing trick I have missed? Thanks for any insight. Cheers, Doug

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• Lightweight spinlocks built from GCC atomic operations?

  - by Thomas

  I'd like to minimize synchronization and write lock-free code when possible in a project of mine. When absolutely necessary I'd love to substitute light-weight spinlocks built from atomic operations for pthread and win32 mutex locks. My understanding is that these are system calls underneath and could cause a context switch (which may be unnecessary for very quick critical sections where simply spinning a few times would be preferable). The atomic operations I'm referring to are well documented here: http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.4.1/gcc/Atomic-Builtins.html Here is an example to illustrate what I'm talking about. Imagine a RB-tree with multiple readers and writers possible. RBTree::exists() is read-only and thread safe, RBTree::insert() would require exclusive access by a single writer (and no readers) to be safe. Some code: class IntSetTest { private: unsigned short lock; RBTree<int>* myset; public: // ... void add_number(int n) { // Aquire once locked==false (atomic) while (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, 0, 0xffff) == false); // Perform a thread-unsafe operation on the set myset->insert(n); // Unlock (atomic) __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, 0xffff, 0); } bool check_number(int n) { // Increment once the lock is below 0xffff u16 savedlock = lock; while (savedlock == 0xffff || __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, savedlock, savedlock+1) == false) savedlock = lock; // Perform read-only operation bool exists = tree->exists(n); // Decrement savedlock = lock; while (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, savedlock, savedlock-1) == false) savedlock = lock; return exists; } }; (lets assume it need not be exception-safe) Is this code indeed thread-safe? Are there any pros/cons to this idea? Any advice? Is the use of spinlocks like this a bad idea if the threads are not truly concurrent? Thanks in advance. ;)

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• Documentation for java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock

  - by Andrei Taptunov

  Disclaimer: I'm not very good at Java and just comparing read/writer locks between C# and Java to understand this topic better & decisions behind both implementations. There is JavaDoc about ReentrantReadWriteLock. It states the following about upgrade/downgrade for locks: Lock downgrading ... However, upgrading from a read lock to the write lock is not possible. It also has the following example that shows manual upgrade from read lock to write lock: // Here is a code sketch showing how to exploit reentrancy // to perform lock downgrading after updating a cache void processCachedData() { rwl.readLock().lock(); if (!cacheValid) { // upgrade lock manually #1: rwl.readLock().unlock(); // must unlock first to obtain writelock #2: rwl.writeLock().lock(); if (!cacheValid) { // recheck ... } ... } use(data); rwl.readLock().unlock(); Does it mean that actually the sample from above may not behave correctly in some cases - I mean there is no lock between lines #1 & #2 and underlying structure is exposed to changes from other threads. So it can not be considered as the correct way to upgrade the lock or do I miss something here?

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• Exit code 3 (not my return value, looking for source)

  - by Kathoz

  Greetings, my program exits with the code 3. No error messages, no exceptions, and the exit is not initiated by my code. The problem occurs when I am trying to read extremely long integer values from a text file (the text file is present and correctly opened, with successful prior reading). I am using very large amounts of memory (in fact, I think that this might be the cause, as I am nearly sure I go over the 2GB per process memory limit). I am also using the GMP (or, rather, MPIR) library to multiply bignums. I am fairly sure that this is not a file I/O problem as I got the same error code on a previous program version that was fully in-memory. System: MS Visual Studio 2008 MS Windows Vista Home Premium x86 MPIR 2.1.0 rc2 4GB RAM Where might this error code originate from? EDIT: this is the procedure that exits with the code void condenseBinSplitFile(const char *sourceFilename, int partCount){ //condense results file into final P and Q std::string tempFilename; std::string inputFilename(sourceFilename); std::string outputFilename(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_DATA2); mpz_class *P = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *Q = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *PP = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *QQ = new mpz_class(0); FILE *sourceFile; FILE *resultFile; fpos_t oldPos; int swapCount = 0; while (partCount > 1){ std::cout << partCount << std::endl; sourceFile = fopen(inputFilename.c_str(), "r"); resultFile = fopen(outputFilename.c_str(), "w"); for (int i=0; i<partCount/2; i++){ //Multiplication order: //Get Q, skip P //Get QQ, mul Q and QQ, print Q, delete Q //Jump back to P, get P //Mul P and QQ, delete QQ //Skip QQ, get PP //Mul P and PP, delete P and PP //Get Q, skip P mpz_inp_str(Q->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); fgetpos(sourceFile, &oldPos); skipLine(sourceFile); skipLine(sourceFile); //Get QQ, mul Q and QQ, print Q, delete Q mpz_inp_str(QQ->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); (*Q) *= (*QQ); mpz_out_str(resultFile, CALC_BASE, Q->get_mpz_t()); fputc('\n', resultFile); (*Q) = 0; //Jump back to P, get P fsetpos(sourceFile, &oldPos); mpz_inp_str(P->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); //Mul P and QQ, delete QQ (*P) *= (*QQ); (*QQ) = 0; //Skip QQ, get PP skipLine(sourceFile); skipLine(sourceFile); mpz_inp_str(PP->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); //Mul P and PP, delete PP, print P, delete P (*P) += (*PP); (*PP) = 0; mpz_out_str(resultFile, CALC_BASE, P->get_mpz_t()); fputc('\n', resultFile); (*P) = 0; } partCount /= 2; fclose(sourceFile); fclose(resultFile); //swap filenames tempFilename = inputFilename; inputFilename = outputFilename; outputFilename = tempFilename; swapCount++; } delete P; delete Q; delete PP; delete QQ; remove(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); if (swapCount%2 == 0) rename(sourceFilename, BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); else rename(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_DATA2, BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); }

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• Language-agnostic term for typed things that need memory

  - by FredOverflow

  Is there an accepted general term that subsumes the concepts of variables, class instances and arrays? Basically "any typed thing that needs memory". In C++, such a thing is called an object, but I'm looking for a more language-agnostic term. § 1.8 The C++ object model 1 The constructs in a C++ program create, destroy, refer to, access, and manipulate objects. An object is a region of storage. [...] An object can have a name (Clause 3). An object has a storage duration (3.7) which influences its lifetime (3.8). An object has a type (3.9).

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• There is insufficient system memory to run this query when creating temporary table

  - by phenevo

  StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder(); query.Append("CREATE TABLE #Codes (Code nvarchar(100) collate database_default ) "); query.Append("Insert into #Codes (Code) "); int lengthOfCodesArray = targetCodes.Length; for (int index = 0; index < lengthOfCodesArray; index++) { string targetCode = targetCodes[index]; query.Append("Select N'" + targetCode + "' "); if (index != lengthOfCodesArray - 1) { query.Append("Union All "); } } query.Append("drop table #Codes "); on: cmd.ExecuteReader() I get There is insufficient system memory to run this query when creating temporary table But weird thing is that, when I have 25k codes is ok, when 5k I get this error. Initial size is 262 MB. Lengt of each code is average 15.

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• stanford pos tagger runs out of memory?

  - by goh

  my stanford tagger ran out of memory. Is it because the text has to be properly formatted? This is because i use it to tag html contents, with the tags stripped, but there may have quite a excessive amount of newlines. here is the error: BlockquoWARNING: Untokenizable: ? (char in decimal: 9829) Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space at edu.stanford.nlp.sequences.ExactBestSequenceFinder.bestSequenceNew(Ex actBestSequenceFinder.java:175) at edu.stanford.nlp.sequences.ExactBestSequenceFinder.bestSequence(Exact BestSequenceFinder.java:98) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.TestSentence.runTagInference(TestSente nce.java:277) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.TestSentence.testTagInference(TestSent ence.java:258) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.TestSentence.tagSentence(TestSentence. java:110) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.MaxentTagger.tagSentence(MaxentTagger. java:825) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.MaxentTagger.runTagger(MaxentTagger.ja va:1319) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.MaxentTagger.runTagger(MaxentTagger.ja va:1225) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.MaxentTagger.runTagger(MaxentTagger.ja va:1183) at edu.stanford.nlp.tagger.maxent.MaxentTagger.main(MaxentTagger.java:13 58)

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• Problem with room/screen/menu controller in python game: old rooms are not removed from memory

  - by Jordan Magnuson

  I'm literally banging my head against a wall here (as in, yes, physically, at my current location, I am damaging my cranium). Basically, I've got a Python/Pygame game with some typical game "rooms", or "screens." EG title screen, high scores screen, and the actual game room. Something bad is happening when I switch between rooms: the old room (and its various items) are not removed from memory, or from my event listener. Not only that, but every time I go back to a certain room, my number of event listeners increases, as well as the RAM being consumed! (So if I go back and forth between the title screen and the "game room", for instance, the number of event listeners and the memory usage just keep going up and up. The main issue is that all the event listeners start to add up and really drain the CPU. I'm new to Python, and don't know if I'm doing something obviously wrong here, or what. I will love you so much if you can help me with this! Below is the relevant source code. Complete source code at http://www.necessarygames.com/my_games/betraveled/betraveled_src0328.zip MAIN.PY class RoomController(object): """Controls which room is currently active (eg Title Screen)""" def __init__(self, screen, ev_manager): self.room = None self.screen = screen self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.room = self.set_room(config.room) def set_room(self, room_const): #Unregister old room from ev_manager if self.room: self.room.ev_manager.unregister_listener(self.room) self.room = None #Set new room based on const if room_const == config.TITLE_SCREEN: return rooms.TitleScreen(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.GAME_MODE_ROOM: return rooms.GameModeRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.GAME_ROOM: return rooms.GameRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.HIGH_SCORES_ROOM: return rooms.HighScoresRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) def notify(self, event): if isinstance(event, ChangeRoomRequest): if event.game_mode: config.game_mode = event.game_mode self.room = self.set_room(event.new_room) #Run game def main(): pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode(config.screen_size) ev_manager = EventManager() spinner = CPUSpinnerController(ev_manager) room_controller = RoomController(screen, ev_manager) pygame_event_controller = PyGameEventController(ev_manager) spinner.run() EVENT_MANAGER.PY class EventManager: #This object is responsible for coordinating most communication #between the Model, View, and Controller. def __init__(self): from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary self.last_listeners = {} self.listeners = WeakKeyDictionary() self.eventQueue= [] self.gui_app = None #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def register_listener(self, listener): self.listeners[listener] = 1 #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def unregister_listener(self, listener): if listener in self.listeners: del self.listeners[listener] #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def clear(self): del self.listeners[:] #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def post(self, event): # if isinstance(event, MouseButtonLeftEvent): # debug(event.name) #NOTE: copying the list like this before iterating over it, EVERY tick, is highly inefficient, #but currently has to be done because of how new listeners are added to the queue while it is running #(eg when popping cards from a deck). Should be changed. See: http://dr0id.homepage.bluewin.ch/pygame_tutorial08.html #and search for "Watch the iteration" print 'Number of listeners: ' + str(len(self.listeners)) for listener in list(self.listeners): #NOTE: If the weakref has died, it will be #automatically removed, so we don't have #to worry about it. listener.notify(event) def notify(self, event): pass #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ class PyGameEventController: """...""" def __init__(self, ev_manager): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.input_freeze = False #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def notify(self, incoming_event): if isinstance(incoming_event, UserInputFreeze): self.input_freeze = True elif isinstance(incoming_event, UserInputUnFreeze): self.input_freeze = False elif isinstance(incoming_event, TickEvent) or isinstance(incoming_event, BoardCreationTick): #Share some time with other processes, so we don't hog the cpu pygame.time.wait(5) #Handle Pygame Events for event in pygame.event.get(): #If this event manager has an associated PGU GUI app, notify it of the event if self.ev_manager.gui_app: self.ev_manager.gui_app.event(event) #Standard event handling for everything else ev = None if event.type == QUIT: ev = QuitEvent() elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 1: #Button 1 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonLeftEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 2: #Button 2 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonRightEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 2: #Button 2 Release pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonRightReleaseEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION: pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseMoveEvent(pos) #Post event to event manager if ev: self.ev_manager.post(ev) # elif isinstance(event, BoardCreationTick): # #Share some time with other processes, so we don't hog the cpu # pygame.time.wait(5) # # #If this event manager has an associated PGU GUI app, notify it of the event # if self.ev_manager.gui_app: # self.ev_manager.gui_app.event(event) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ class CPUSpinnerController: def __init__(self, ev_manager): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.clock = pygame.time.Clock() self.cumu_time = 0 self.keep_going = True #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def run(self): if not self.keep_going: raise Exception('dead spinner') while self.keep_going: time_passed = self.clock.tick() fps = self.clock.get_fps() self.cumu_time += time_passed self.ev_manager.post(TickEvent(time_passed, fps)) if self.cumu_time >= 1000: self.cumu_time = 0 self.ev_manager.post(SecondEvent(fps=fps)) pygame.quit() #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def notify(self, event): if isinstance(event, QuitEvent): #this will stop the while loop from running self.keep_going = False EXAMPLE CLASS USING EVENT MANAGER class Timer(object): def __init__(self, ev_manager, time_left): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.time_left = time_left self.paused = False def __repr__(self): return str(self.time_left) def pause(self): self.paused = True def unpause(self): self.paused = False def notify(self, event): #Pause Event if isinstance(event, Pause): self.pause() #Unpause Event elif isinstance(event, Unpause): self.unpause() #Second Event elif isinstance(event, SecondEvent): if not self.paused: self.time_left -= 1

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• Accessing one process's memory contents from another module

  - by Fangkai Yang

  I am developing a virtual device driver such that the user can write to the driver a process' pid and a virtual address, and the module will use these two values to get the memory contents of the target process. I am wondering if there is any easy functions that can fetch user page's data at this virtual address. I have tried get_user but this is not possible because the modules executing get_user at another process's context. I also tried to use ptrace_readdata, however, it seems that the file at /kernel/ptrace.c leaves a function access_process_vm undefined and also I don't know how to compile the source code of my module with this file (the linker seaches file in /linux/include by default). I am wondering if there are any other solutions...

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• SQL Server CE - Internal error: Cannot open the shared memory region

  - by blu

  I have a SQL Server CE database that works fine in dev, but when installed on the client has an issue. The SQL Server CE 3.5 dependencies are copied as part of the deployment. The target machine is a clean Windows 7 32-bit Ultimate image. The message for the exception in the event log is: Internal error: Cannot open the shared memory region. It looks like this is SSCE_M_CANTOPENSHAREDMEMORY and the site says there isn't a connection string value to change this and that these issues are typically not resolvable by the end developers. Has anyone run into this, and if so were you able to resolve this issue?

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• Use a System.Drawing.Printing.PrintDocument to generate a PDF in memory

  - by MarkB29

  Does anyone know if the following is possible and if so what the best way of doing it is for free? I am generating a PrintDocument in a project I am currently working on and displaying a print dialog box so a user can choose which printer they want to use etc. The is currently a windows form application and if a user wants to print to a PDF they can select to print to CutePDF or something similar. However I am now putting a ASP.Net web frontend on the application and want to use the same code to generate the PrintDocument but want to print it to a PDF on the fly and serve it up via the Response stream in the format of a PDF download. So my question is....How can I use the current PrintDocument and generate a PDF in memory from it?? Thanks

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• Out of memory with multi images in one picturebox

  - by Nikom

  Hi, ive problem with out of memory when im trying load few images into one picturebox. Pls Help :) public void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { FolderBrowserDialog dialog = new FolderBrowserDialog(); dialog.ShowDialog(); string selected = dialog.SelectedPath; string[] imageFileList = Directory.GetFiles(selected); int iCtr = 0,zCtr = 0; foreach(string imageFile in imageFileList) { if (Image.FromFile(imageFile) != null) { Image.FromFile(imageFile).Dispose(); } PictureBox eachPictureBox = new PictureBox(); eachPictureBox.Size = new Size(100,100); // if (iCtr % 8 == 0) //{ // zCtr++; // iCtr = 0; //} eachPictureBox.Location = new Point(iCtr * 100 + 1, 1); eachPictureBox.Image = Image.FromFile(imageFile); iCtr++; panel1.Controls.Add(eachPictureBox); } }`enter code here`

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• ASN1 out of memory. during a signedCMS.decode

  - by JL

  I am having a problem using the signedCMS.decode routine. See the code below. The error seems to occur when the file size is too big in this case 11MB. private static void RemoveZfoSignature(string zfoFileName) { byte[] fileContents = File.ReadAllBytes(zfoFileName); var contentInfo = new ContentInfo(fileContents); var signedCms = new SignedCms(contentInfo); // This line throws the error 100% of the time signedCms.Decode(fileContents); signedCms.RemoveSignature(0); byte[] outfile = signedCms.ContentInfo.Content; string outFileName = zfoFileName.Replace(".zfo", "_tmp.zfo"); File.WriteAllBytes(outFileName, outfile); } Here is the exact error: "System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException: ASN1 out of memory. at System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs.SignedCms.OpenToDecode(Byte[] encodedMessage, ContentInfo contentInfo, Boolean detached) at System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs.SignedCms.Decode(Byte[] encodedMessage) at ConsoleApplication2.Program.RemoveZfoSignature(String zfoFileName) in C:\\Users\\\\Documents\\Visual Studio 2008\\Projects\\ConsoleApplication2\\ConsoleApplication2\\Program.cs:line 30" Any idea on how to fix this?

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• SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 5 Out of memory (Needed 4194092 bytes)

  - by Jon Reeks

  Hi I'm receiving the following error on my shared hosting box: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 5 Out of memory (Needed 4194092 bytes) This error is only triggered on a specific page. I guess this indicates that I am reaching the upper limit of the 64MB allocated to me in my current MySQL environment. Does this mean that a single query is going over (returning) 64MB of data? If so, i guess i can just track down and tune that specific query? Or isnt that the correct approach? Thanks Jon

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• How can I exceed the 60% Memory Limit of IIS7 in ASP.NET Caching application

  - by evilknot

  Pardon if this is more serverfault vs. stackoverflow. It seems to be on the border. We have an application that caches a large amount of product data for an e-commerce application using ASP.NET caching. This is a dictionary object with 65K elements, and our calculations put the object's size at ~10GB. Problem: The amount of memory the object consumes seems to be far in excess of our 10GB calculation. BIGGEST CONCERN: We can't seem to use over 60% of the 32GB in the server. What we've tried so far: In machine.config/system.web (sf doesn't allow the tags, pardon the formatting): processModel autoConfig="true" memoryLimit="80" In web.config/system.web/caching/cache (sf doesn't allow the tags, pardon the formatting): privateBytesLimit = "20000000000" (and 0, the default of course) percentagePhysicalMemoryUsedLimit = "90" Environment: Windows 2008R2 x64 32GB RAM IIS7 Nothing seems to allow us to exceed the 60% value. See screenshot of taskman. http://www.freeimagehosting.net/image.php?7a42144e03.jpg

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• Why Do Browsers Leak Memory?

  - by Dane Balia

  A colleague and I were speaking about browsers (using browser control in a project), and it appears as plain as day that all browsers (Firefox, Chrome, IE, Opera) display the same characteristic or side-effect from their usage and that being 'Leaking Memory'. Can someone explain why that is the case? Surely as with any form of code, there should be proper garbage collection? PS. I've read about some defensive patterns on why this can happen from a developer's perspective. I am aware of an article Crockford wrote on IE; but why is the problem symptomatic of every browser? Thanks

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• iPhone app memory leak

  - by Marian Busoi

  Any idea why this code gives me a memory leak? As you can see, I'm running out of ideas as to what I can do to stop it. (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillAppear:animated]; NSArray *allSketches = [project.sketches allObjects]; NSMutableArray *temp = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:allSketches]; if(sketchesArray != nil) [sketchesArray release]; [self setSketchesArray:temp]; [allSketches release]; allSketches = nil; [temp release]; temp = nil; } I also release sketchesArray inside viewDidDissapear. I'm not using viewDidLoad and dealloc to init/release these objects as what I am doing requires me to use viewWillAppear and viewDidDissapear. Thanks

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• Memory leak in WPF app due to DelegateCommand.

  - by Abdullah BaMusa

  I just finished desktop apps written in WPF and c# using MVVM pattern. In this app I used Delegate Command implementation to wrap the ICommands properties exposed in my ModelView. The problem is these DelegateCommands prevent my ModelView and View from being garbage collected after closing the view. So it stays larking until I terminate the whole application. I profile the application I find it’s all about delegatecommand that keeping the modelview in memory. How could I avoid this situation and is this in nature of mvvm pattern, or it’s about my implantation of the pattern?. Thanks

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• Sharing memory among YACC, Lex, and C files

  - by sczizzo

  I have a YACC (Bison) grammar, a Lex (Flex) tokenizer, and a C program among which I need to share a struct (or really any variable). Currently, I declare the actual object in the grammar file and extern it wherever I need it (which is to say, my C source file), usually using a pointer to manipulate it. I have a shared header (and implementation) file between the C file and the grammar file with functions useful for manipulating my data structure. This works, but it feels a little uncomfortable. Is there a better way to share memory between the grammar and program?

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• Perfmon on Vista to monitor .Net CLR memory for dutch dummies

  - by Dabblernl

  OK... My managed .Net program is eating memory leading it to crash after a few hours with a OutOfMemoryException. I want to investigate this starting with using perfmon.exe. I found a description on how to do this here However, I have a dutch Vista and the terms used differ widely from the ones used in this blog and I find myself simply unable to set it up. Can someone point me the way by stating "first from the top,second from the left" how to set up a performance monitor for my .Net program?

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• Memory efficient import many data files into panda DataFrame in Python

  - by richardh

  I import into a panda DataFrame a directory of |-delimited.dat files. The following code works, but I eventually run out of RAM with a MemoryError:. import pandas as pd import glob temp = [] dataDir = 'C:/users/richard/research/data/edgar/masterfiles' for dataFile in glob.glob(dataDir + '/master_*.dat'): print dataFile temp.append(pd.read_table(dataFile, delimiter='|', header=0)) masterAll = pd.concat(temp) Is there a more memory efficient approach? Or should I go whole hog to a database? (I will move to a database eventually, but I am baby stepping my move to pandas.) Thanks! FWIW, here is the head of an example .dat file: cik|cname|ftype|date|fileloc 1000032|BINCH JAMES G|4|2011-03-08|edgar/data/1000032/0001181431-11-016512.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|10-Q|2011-02-11|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-031933.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|8-K|2011-01-11|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-005531.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|8-K|2011-01-27|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-015631.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|SC 13G/A|2011-02-14|edgar/data/1000045/0000929638-11-00151.txt

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• Allocate constant memory

  - by Vlad

  I'm trying to set my simulation params in constant memory but without luck (CUDA.NET). cudaMemcpyToSymbol function returns cudaErrorInvalidSymbol. The first parameter in cudaMemcpyToSymbol is string... Is it symbol name? actualy I don't understand how it could be resolved. Any help appreciated. //init, load .cubin float[] arr = new float[1]; arr[0] = 0.0f; int size = Marshal.SizeOf(arr[0]) * arr.Length; IntPtr ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size); Marshal.Copy(arr, 0, ptr, arr.Length); var error = CUDARuntime.cudaMemcpyToSymbol("param", ptr, 4, 0, cudaMemcpyKind.cudaMemcpyHostToDevice); my .cu file contain __constant__ float param;

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