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• How to Disable secondary drive from booting upon restart - Windows

  - by DevCompany

  I had a Windows 2003 Hard Drive on my server and it went bad so I installed a new clean hard drive and installed Windows 2008 R2 on the new clean drive. I moved the old 2003 drive to be used only for general storage on the same computer. It usually boots into Windows 2008 upon a restart, but just sometimes it starts trying to boot the old 2003 drive and causes boot issues(NTDLR Bootloader, and other errors), even though the order of boot preference is set to boot 2008, and NOT 2003. I need to know how to remove any old code that keeps this old drive as a bootable drive. I still want to use it as a secondary drive just dont want to have any boot code on it. hopefully my situation is clear for everyone to get a good response. Thank you...

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• Can someone explain the physical architecture of RAID 10 in complete layman's terms?

  - by Hank

  I am a newbie in the world of storage and I am having a hard time digesting the physical architecture of some of the RAID levels. I am particularly interested in RAID 10, and 50. I asked the question specifically about RAID 10, because I feel if I understand that, I'll understand the other. So, I get the definition of RAID 10 - "minimum 4 disks, a striped array whose segments are mirrored". If I've got 4 disks and Disks 1 and 2 are a mirrored pair, and Disks 3 and 4 are a mirrored pair - where does the data get striped? Thanks.

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• Win 7 Explorer backup and long paths

  - by user53299

  I use Explorer to do backups because Win 7's backup program asks me to take backups previously done and to put them back in the drive. I am opposed to that idea since I believe backups should remain in storage. With Explorer backups (burn and burn to disc) I have encountered the "destination path too long" error message and it shows the name of a folder "Debug" three times. I have hundreds of folders named "Debug" thanks to Visual Studio. At this moment I'm too angry at Microsoft to write a program to determine my 3 longest paths. (Aside: This is all after coincidentally reading two articles about path junctions earlier this evening which already made me kind of unhappy.) Please, is there an easy way to continue to make backups with Explorer? Edit: I should add that renaming paths wrecks Visual Studio projects so I really need to isolate the small number of problem paths or find a cleaner solution.

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• What to look for in a switch with LAN/WAN verses an iSCSI SAN?

  - by Luke

  I'm setting up a VMWare ESXi 5 environment with 3 server nodes. Dell recommended 2x Force10 S60 switches shared (iSCSI SAN, LAN/WAN). The S60 switches are extremely powerful. They have 1.25 GB of buffer cache, < 9us latency. But they are very expensive (online price ~$15k per switch, actual quote a little less). I've been told that "by the book" you should at least have 2 internal switches for SAN, and 2 switches for LAN/WAN (each with a redundant). I know some of the pros and cons of each approach. What I'm wondering is, would it be more cost effective to disjoin the SAN from LAN with less expensive switches? The answer to this question highlights what I should be looking for in a switch for the SAN. What should I be looking for in a LAN/WAN switch, in comparison to the SAN? With the above linked question for the SAN: How is buffer latency measured? When you see 36 MB of buffer cache, is that shared or per port? So 36 MB would be 768kb or 36MB per port? With 3 to 6 servers how much buffer cache do you really need? What else should I be looking at? Our application will be heavily using HTML5 websockets (high number of persistent connections). The amount of data being sent is small; Data sent between client <- server isn't broadcasted (not a chat/IM service). We will be doing some database reporting too (csv export, sums, some joins). We are a small business and on a budget. We'd probably only be able to spend no more than $20k on switches total (2 or 4).

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• Parity Initialization after putting in two new disks

  - by lbanz

  All my firmware is up to date on the server and the controllers. Storage crashed over the weekend. I rebooted it and it detected that I put in two new disks last week (I did check that both disk completed the rebuilding process last week). After it booted into the OS I see that it gave me an information message. After 18 hours it is at 54% so it is looking healthy. But I need to replace 5 more disk in the msa. Should I wait for this message to finish before replacing more disks? 785 Background parity initialization is currently queued or in progress on Logical Drive 1 (15.0 TB, RAID 5). If background parity initialization is queued, it will start when I/O is performed on the drive. When background parity initialization completes, the performance of the logical drive will improve.

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• How can I improve performance over SMB/CIFS for an application that has poor write speeds?

  - by Jeremy

  I have a third party application that reads several large files and generates a third large file. Its performance is quite good when the generated file is stored on "local storage", i.e. either a direct attached or iSCSI-based disk. The source files that are read can be stored remotely on our NAS and accessed via SMB with little effect on performance. However, if we attempt to write the target file to any kind of SMB/CIFS share (Samba or Windows Server) the performance drops almost ten-fold. This is unacceptably slow in our case. Writing files to network shares is not otherwise slow. I can copy large files to SMB shares and get great performance - near what I would expect is possible given the disks and network in question. I have a theory that this application's problem with SMB shares has something to do with a lack of write caching over the share and perhaps lots of network roundtrips. Is this possible and is there anything that can be done about it?

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• Transfer many Gigabytes between two servers

  - by Bernhard

  Hello, I have a big problem. I have to move data from an old Webspace which is only accessibla by ftp. The new root server is accessible by ssh of course :-) I need to move all the data from the old space but the amount is just huge. Is there a way to move all the files directly from the old ftp to the storage and not over a third station (my local machine)? I´ve tried it with ftp but it didn't work. I think I´ve used the wrong commands. Is there a way to do this? Thank you in advance Bernhard

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• Command-line access for Apple Time Machine?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  We use Apple's Time Machine to back up our workstations at the office. If I want to restore a file, I need to open up the Time Machine GUI and browse files there. The GUI is ugly eye-candy and gets in my way. Is there a way to browse the Time Machine archive using the Mac's command-line? I'm used to Netapps and other storage appliances. I use backintime for my Ubuntu workstation. To restore a file with one of those systems, you can restore a file with a simple command like: cp .snapshot/daily.0/filename.txt . or cp /backup/backintime/20100611-000002/backup/etc/shadow /etc/shadow Is there an equivalent for Apple's Time Machine?

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• Ways to increase my Ubuntu partition space

  - by Andreas Grech

  I am currently running Ubuntu and Windows 7 as dual-boot on a single HD. The problem is that when I installed Ubuntu, I didn't allocate as much space as I thought I would need and now I need 'reinstall' Ubuntu so that I can increase the amount of storage space. Now there are two ways to go about this. Either I use use gparted to increase my partition space (but I read that it's not really that safe as regards data loss) or create the new partition with more space and reinstall Ubuntu there. But if want to reinstall Ubuntu, is there a way I can somehow "save" my current Ubuntu and install that one? What I mean is that I don't want to lose my current installed packages and files that I have on this partition. Is there a way to kind of maybe 'streamline' my current Ubuntu so that I install this one on the new partition? If not, what are your opinions as regards gparted?

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• Dell Powervault MD3000 - Not sharing Files between servers

  - by Kevin

  I'm a developer who has to set up a Dell Powervault MD3000 due to lack of resources. I have connected the Powervault to 2 Dell 2950 servers via the SAS cables. I performed the setup using Dell's MD Storage Manager software (4 disks, RAID 5 with hot spare). Then I added the disks using Windows 2003 disk management (Basic, not dynamic disk and formatted with NTFS). When I add files to the array from one server, they are not visible on the other server (and vice-versa). Is the error in the windows disk management configuration?

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• PowerShell create new Azure VM from uploaded disk (not image)

  - by MikeBaz

  I have a VHD in Azure storage. That VHD is configured as an OS disk through a command like the following: Add-AzureDisk -DiskName $newCode -MediaLocation "http://$script:accountName.blob.core.windows.net/$newCode/$sourceVhdName.vhd" ` -Label $newCode -OS "Windows" I would like to create a new VM pointing at that disk. From what I can tell if I was doing this with an image I would do something like: New-AzureVMConfig -Name $newCode -InstanceSize $instanceSize ` -MediaLocation "http://$script:accountName.blob.core.windows.net/$newCode/$sourceVhdName.vhd" -ImageName $newCode ` | Add-AzureProvisioningConfig -Windows -Password $adminPassword ` | New-AzureVM -ServiceName $newCode However this is wrong for me because I don't have an image - I have a configured VHD that is not sysprepped and can't be. How can I create the VM in PowerShell to point at the existing disk like I can through the portal?

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• GVIM hangs when saving through GVFS' FTP

  - by Lie Ryan

  I loved Gnome's Nautilus and FTP integration and being able to mount a remote FTP directory as a regular bookmark/directory, and double clicking any remote files to open in any unmodified program. I also loved editing text files with GVim. However, if I double clicked file on Nautilus to open a text file in Gvim, then saving a file will take about 10 seconds and GVim will hang for that amount of time. The major irritant is that I cannot continue editing while the text editor is waiting for the write to finish, this delay interrupted my workflow and thought process and saving becomes a painful process. The other problem is that I don't think simply uploading a file should take that much time. I'm aware of GVim's internal FTP support, but they are not as well integrated with Nautilus's FTP. So a few question: Is there a way to make GVim or GVFS to save in background while I continue editing? Why is GVFS so slow? Is there any way to set GVFS to use a single persistent FTP connection instead of creating a new FTP connection each time? I'm on Gentoo Linux x86-64.

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• Optimal Configuration for five 300 GB 15K SAS Drives

  - by Bob

  I recently acquired an HP Z800 workstation that has five 300 GB 15K SAS Drives. This system will be dedicated to running multiple virtual machines under VMware Workstation (Note: I'm not using ESXi because I do plan to use the system for other purposes.). For the host OS, I plan to install RHEL 5. My number one concern is guest performance. For example, should I create a RAID 10 array for the OS and virtual machine storage with four of the drives and reserve the 5th? Or, is there a solution that will provide better performance?

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• Serverlocation moved and how can I Move the files

  - by Bernhard

  Hello together, I´ve a big problem. I have to move data from an old Webspace which is only accessibla by ftp. No we have a new root server which is accessible by ssh of course :-) No i Need to move all data from the old space but there is a lot of Gb of files. Is there a way to fetch all files directly from the old ftp to the storage and not over a third station (my local machine)? I´ve tried it with ftp but without success. I think I´ve used the wrong commands. Is there a way to etablish something like this including all files and directorys? Thank you in advance Bernhard

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• Optimal Configuration for five 300 GB 15K SAS Drives

  - by Bob

  I recently acquired an HP Z800 workstation that has five 300 GB 15K SAS Drives. This system will be dedicated to running multiple virtual machines under VMware Workstation (Note: I'm not using ESXi because I do plan to use the system for other purposes.). For the host OS, I plan to install RHEL 5. My number one concern is guest performance. For example, should I create a RAID 10 array for the OS and virtual machine storage with four of the drives and reserve the 5th? Or, is there a solution that will provide better performance?

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• Retrieving a specific value from "df -h" using shell

  - by Diego Dias

  When I use df -h, I get the following output: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 59G 2.2G 54G 4% / /dev/sda1 122M 38M 78M 33% /boot tmpfs 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /dev/shm 10.10.0.105:/somepath 11T 8.4T 2.1T 81% /storage4 10.11.0.101:/somepath 15T 8.9T 5.9T 61% /storage1 /dev/mapper/patha 5.0T 255G 4.8T 5% /storage5_vol0 /dev/mapper/pathb 5.0T 195G 4.9T 4% /storage5_vol1 /dev/mapper/pathc 5.0T 608G 4.5T 12% /storage5_vol2 I want to write a script that gets the value of Avail column on a specific storage. I used to use df -k /storage_name | tail -1 | awk '{print $3}' But the FileSystem column can have a value or not .. which would change the variable of my script from $3 to $4. How can I get the Avail on a single command line even if there are no values on the previous columns?

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• User accounts in FTP

  - by Brad

  I have an FTP server(proftpd on debian) that I'm going to allow a couple friends access to, and I want some safety nets in place, just in case. These are some of the things I'd like to do: Jail the accounts to their home directories and impose a cap on the amount of data they can upload Allow them access to a shared folder(via symlink or something) where they have full access(Also with a storage cap, but larger) Allow my own account full access to the system(Using groups I guess) Not allow anonymous access, or allow it with its own folder, separate from the shared user folder Currently, I've got the accounts set up and jailed, but it seems like the symlink that I put in is not allowing them to visit the shared folder. I suppose this has to do with them not having read permissions anywhere but their own home directories, or maybe it's something else, I'll continue to look into it and provide any information that is requested. Is what I'm trying to do possible? Any tips or resources that you can share are appreciated. Thanks.

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• Using Folder Redirection GPO and Offline Files and Folders

  - by user132844

  I want to use Folder Redirection to redirect user's My Documents to a network share. First question is: What is best practices for mapping the drive? Should I use the profile tab in AD with the %username% variable, or a net use logon script, or something else? Second question is: How do I deal with laptops and syncing the network with the local storage? I want to have 2-way syncing so if they manually map their networked home drive and edit it from a different computer, it will sync the newer version to their My Documents folder the next time they connect their normal work computer. I also want to be sure that if they edit a file offline on their laptop while away from the office, that the network version syncs the changes the next time they connect that laptop. Please advise best practices for this scenario in a 2008 R2/Win7 environment. I am also interested in Mac clients for this environment, and while I am very Mac savvy, I would like to hear what others consider to be best practices for Mac network homedirs in a Win environment.

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• Network adapters reliability

  - by casey_miller

  Can you help me with understanding of reliability of network adapters. Most of the time servers do have at least 2 NIC's bonded to provide sort of a HA for it. So in case of one NIC fails, the second would still do the job. I wonder which factors work when you use network adapters. I know that, the most important and weakest part of any computer system is: storage (i.e HDD). but how reliable actually network adapters are? There are more expensive ones, and cheaper adapters. In which cases do they actually fail? In what circumstances. May it be a intensive usage of them Time when it's on In your experience how often you found yourself changing NIC's due to their fail? Or just what's the typical lifetime of commodity NIC's? thanks.

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• Resilient Linux Mail Server Setup

  - by Coops

  How would people design a resilient mail server setup with Linux? On an application level what the system needs to provide is both an incoming and outgoing mail service (i.e. SMTP & IMAP), along with filtering and archive storage (the archive part isn't critical yet, so we'll look at this later probably). What is required on top of this is a resilient system, i.e. one which will handle individual server failures without interrupting service. As such I would term this a High Availability mail system. This is in contrast to a High Performance mail setup, as in our case the volume of mail being handled isn't the important factor, it's simply that it stays online. Having not approached this problem before, the first thing I thought of was a clustered file system (gfs/gluster/etc), combined with heartbeat to failover a floating IP to another box in the case of a server failure. Combined with postfix & dovecot does this sound feasible to people?

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• why is there so much variance in prices for a 2-bay NAS?

  - by jcollum

  I'm considering buying a 2bay NAS for media storage. I'm perplexed by the variety of prices. They go from about $115 to $1200. The only thing I could see that differentiated the high end drive was encryption and a dual gigabit ethernet port. I don't understand how that can add up to $800+ dollars. Clearly I should know why there's this price variance before considering buying a 2 Bay NAS. Newegg link to 2 Bay NAS Should I move this question to serverfault?

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• Using udev to create a character device based on a driver being loaded

  - by SteveCB

  I'm in the process of setting up RAID monitoring for a number of Dell servers that use the PERC 6i integrated card. We're using Nagios at present and the check_megasasctl plugin seems to fit the bill. However, the plugin relies upon the existence of: /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node This device node doesn't exist by default, you have to create it by hand using something like: mknod /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node c 253 0 Now, to make the existence of this device node persistent across reboots, I thought I could write a udev rule, but as usual, I'm missing something. I thought I could create a file such as /etc/udev/rules.d/10-local/rules that contained: DRIVER=="megasas" NAME="megaraid_sas_ioctl_node" MODE="0600" But this doesn't work - no device node after a reboot. Dmesg output indicates the megasas driver is loaded and functional: megasas: 00.00.04.01-RH1 Thu July 10 09:41:51 PST 2008 megasas: 0x1000:0x0060:0x1028:0x1f0c: bus 1:slot 0:func 0 megasas: FW now in Ready state Further, I don't see any means to instruct udev on which type of device node to create: character or block. I suspect I'm failing to understand exactly how udev is meant to work. I realise I could just cheat and run MegaCLI in /etc/rc.local, redirecting output to /dev/null; it creates the megaraid_sas_ioctl_node device node as part of its execution. I just thought using udev rules would be a) cleaner and b) a useful learning exercise. Perhaps I should just dump the above mknod command in /etc/rc.local... So how do I get udev to create the /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node device node based on the presence of the megasas driver? Cheers Steve

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• What are the cheap CDN for Origin Pull?

  - by DucDigital

  I've read several thread around ServerFault about this, but still I am not satisfy with the answer so I post a question here. I need a Origin Pull CDN that support big file (more than 200MB). I don't need a storage place since they are too small, just to relay the server. Also the price should be afforable, ofcourse not more than 150$ a month for their smallest plan. I also need to pay by credit card since I do not work or stays in the US so it's hard for me to do a bank wire. Thank you very much

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• What is the specific advantage of a blade server for virtualisation?

  - by ChrisZZ

  We are planning to implement a VDI Solution. We had some discussions about Blade vs Rack. As we are only planning to implement 75-100 Clients, we calculated, that we would need 2 Servers with Dual 8C Processors - and a shared storage server. This calculation is based on a paper by ORACLE, that says, 12 active virtual machines per core. Now, for buying to servers, a blade does not scale financially. But the Blade has some other advantages: a) The interconnectivity between the blades is super-fast. b) IO Virtualisation Are there other advantages, that we should consider, that would make up for price - and are this advantages so important, that we should think about investing in the blade?

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• RHEL raw device (over VMware RDM) performance issues

  - by jifa

  I'm running RHEL 5.3 over vSphere 4.0U1. I configured multiple LUNs on my NetApp (Fibre) storage, and added the RDM on two (Linux) VMs, using the Paravirtual SCSI adapter. One LUN is 100GB in size, successfully mapped to /dev/sdb on both VMs, 5 more are 500MB in size (mapped to /dev/sd{c-g}. I also created one partition per device. I have encountered two issues: First, writing directly to /dev/sdb1 gives me ~50MB/s, while any of the /dev/sd{c-g}1 gives me ~9MB/s. There is no difference in configuration of the LUNs apart from their size. I am wondering what causes this but this is not my main problem, as I would settle for 9 MB/s. I created raw devices using udev pretty straightforwardly: ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N" per device Writing to any of the new raw devices dramatically slows down performance to just over 900KB/s. Can anyone point me in a helpful direction? Thanks in advance, -- jifa

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