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• Where, in an object oriented system should you, if at all, choose (C-style) structs over classes?

  - by Anto

  C and most likely many other languages provide a struct keyword for creating structures (or something in a similar fashion). These are (at least in C), from a simplified point of view like classes, but without polymorphism, inheritance, methods, and so on. Think of an object-oriented (or multi paradigm) language with C-style structs. Where would you choose them over classes? Now, I don't believe they are to be used with OOP as classes seem to replace their purposes, but I wonder if there are situations where they could be preferred over classes in otherwise object-oriented programs and in what kind of situations. Are there such situations?

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• Should I pass an object into a constructor, or instantiate in class?

  - by Prisoner

  Consider these two examples: Passing an object to a constructor class ExampleA { private $config; public function __construct($config) { $this->config = $config; } } $config = new Config; $exampleA = new ExampleA($config); Instantiating a class class ExampleB { private $config; public function __construct() { $this->config = new Config; } } $exampleA = new ExampleA(); Which is the correct way to handle adding an object as a property? When should I use one over the other? Does unit testing affect what I should use?

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• How to design this procedural application into object oriented format?

  - by DavidL

  I'm building an application that basically pulls json data from a bunch of websites, processes it in some way and then writes it to a file. It is very easy to write this in a procedural way. I was wondering how this could be done in an object oriented way. Currently, the application looks something like this: res = get_json(link); process(res); write(res); Even if writing this in an object oriented way is not the best idea, tell me how it could be done because I have trouble with it.

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• Maven Repository proxies third-party repositories, does this produce traffic?

  - by chrsk

  We have a public Sonatype Nexus Maven Repository which is a proxy for several third-party repositories, such as JBOSS or the Scala-Repo. Does the downloading of artifacts which are located in one of the proxied repositories (JBOSS for example) produce traffic on the sever which runs our repository?

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• Nested function inside literal Object...

  - by Andrea

  Hello guys, if in a literal object i try to reference a function using "this" inside a nested property/function, this don't work. Why? A nested property have it's own scope? For example, i want to call f1 from inside d.f2: var object = { a: "Var a", b: "Var b", c: "Var c", f1: function() { alert("This is f1"); }, d: { f2: function() { this.f1(); } }, e: { f3: function() { alert("This is f3"); } } } object.f1(); // Work object.d.f2(); // Don't Work. object.e.f3(); // Work Thanks, Andrea.

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• Implementation of a general-purpose object structure (property bag)

  - by Thomas Wanner

  We need to implement some general-purpose object structure, much like an object in dynamic languages, that would give us a possibility of creating the whole object graph on-the-fly. This class has to be serializable and somehow user friendly. So far we have made some experiments with class derived from Dictionary<string, object> using the dot notation path to store properties and collections in the object tree. We have also find an article that implements something similar, but it doesn't seem to fit completely into our picture either. Do you know about some good implementations / libraries that deal with a similar problem or do you have any (non-trivial) ideas that could help us with our own implementation ? Also, I probably have to say that we are using .NET 3.5, so we can't take advantage of the new features in .NET 4.0 like dynamic type etc. (as far as I know it's also not possible to use any subset of it in .NET 3.5 solution).

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• stringtemplate .net dynamic object

  - by Mark Milford

  Hi I am using string template to render some content, but the content may be variable so not sure how to pass it in (using .net / c#) Basic idea is I have a List which need to end up as parameters, e.g. List<KeyValuePair<string, object>> ret = new List<KeyValuePair<string, object>>(); ret.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, object>("elem1", true)); ret.Add(new KeyValuePair(string, object>("elem2", false)); Now I want these to show up in string template as: $item.elem1$ $item.elem2$ I can get them to be $elem1$ or $elem2$ but i need them inside of a structure. So I in effect need to convince the string template setAttribute that I'm passing in an object with properties elem1 and elem2 when in fact I have a List of KeyValuePairs. Thanks

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• accessing embedded object with jquery not working in firefox 3.6

  - by taber

  Hi, this code in my plugin used to work just fine: jQuery('#embedded_obj', context).get(0).getVersion(); and in html... <object id="embedded_obj" type="application/x-versionchecker-1.0.0.1"</object Basically trying to get the properties from an embedded object. But it looks like get(0) is returning an html object instead of the actual embedded object. For example, if I do: var launcher = jQuery('#embedded_obj', context).get(0); for(prop in launcher){ alert(prop + ': ' + launcher[prop]); } ... it alerts things like "getElementByNode," "scrollWidth," "clientLeft," "clientTop" etc. Again this worked before Firefox 3.6. Has anyone else seen this or have any ideas/suggestions? Thanks!

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• differences between using wmode="transparent", "opaque", "window" for an embedded object on webpage

  - by Jian Lin

  when embedding a Flash object with the <object and <embed tag, there is an attribute called "wmode". It seems that most of the time, wmode="transparent" is the same as wmode="opaque" as the Flash doesn't actually have any transparent color so that the bottom HTML element is to be shown. As a result, "opaque" should be faster than "transparent" since it require less processing for transparency, yet most of the time i see Flash object embedded with "transparent" instead of "opaque". "opaque" is needed so that other HTML element won't be covered up by the Flash object. (such as a menu item that pops up an extra sub-menu won't be covered up by the Flash object). By the way, is there formal documentation for wmode's "opaque", "transparent", and "window"? I was only able to find blogs that describe it but not the formal documentation. thanks.

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• Scope of object properties & methods

  - by Anish

  In the article Show love to the object literal, it's said: When we have several scripts in a page, the global variables & functions will get overwritten if their name repeats. One solution is to make the variables as properties & functions as methods of an object, and access them via the object name. But will this prevent the issue of variables getting into the global namespace? <script> var movie = { name: "a", trailer: function(){ //code } }; </script> In the above code which elements gets added to the global namespace? a) Just the object name - movie b) Object name as well as the properties and methods inside it – movie, movie.name, movie.trailer()

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• Update Nexus repository with local artifacts

  - by mamuesstack

  Hi, i recently downloaded some maven artifacts directly to my local repository (.m2/repository). Now i installed the Nexus Repository Manager and need to fill its storage without to download all the artifacts again. Is there a way to update the Nexus repository with the local one. I don't want to simply copy them because Nexus separate artifacts concerning their public servers (central, codehaus, etc.) and the local repository structure doesn't. Update: Meanwhile i copied the the artifacts from the local repository to the Nexus storage (public repository). I can browse to the artifacts via the Nexus webapp, but Maven somehow can't resolve the artifacts from Nexus. Do i need to register them particularly? I re-indexed the public repository and restarted Nexus multiple times - no changes.

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• slowly rotate an object towards another object

  - by numerical25

  I have an object that points in the direction of another object (i.e. it rotates to the direction that the second objects x and y coordinates are at) below is the code I use. var distx = target.x - x; var disty = target.y - y; var angle:Number = Math.atan2(disty, distx); var vx:Number = Math.cos(angle) * cspeed; var vy:Number = Math.sin(angle) * cspeed; rotation = angle * 180/Math.PI; x += vx; y += vy; as you can see. Not only does it rotate towards the target object, but it also moves towards it too. When I play the movie, the object instantly points to the targeted object and moves towards it. I would like for it to slowly turn towards the object instead of instantly turning towards it. anyone know how to do this.

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• c# object initializer complexity. best practice

  - by Andrew Florko

  I was too excited when object initializer appeared in C#. MyClass a = new MyClass(); a.Field1 = Value1; a.Field2 = Value2; can be rewritten shorter: MyClass a = new MyClass { Field1 = Value1, Field2 = Value2 } Object initializer code is more obvious but when properties number come to dozen and some of the assignment deals with nullable values it's hard to debug where the "null reference error" is. Studio shows the whole object initializer as error point. Nowadays I use object initializer for straightforward assignment only for error-free properties. How do you use object initializer for complex assignment or it's a bad practice to use dozen of assigments at all? Thank you in advance!

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• Interview question: difference between object and object-oriented languages.

  - by Bar

  My friend was asked the following question: what's the difference between object language and object-oriented language? It's a little unintelligible question. What does term «object language» correspond to? Does that mean «pure» object-oriented language, like the Wikipedia article says: Languages called "pure" OO languages, because everything in them is treated consistently as an object, from primitives such as characters and punctuation, all the way up to whole classes, prototypes, blocks, modules, etc. They were designed specifically to facilitate, even enforce, OO methods. Examples: Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ruby, JADE, VB.NET.

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• Return an Object in Java

  - by digby12

  I've been struggling to work out how to return an object. I have the following array of objects. ArrayList<Object> favourites; I want to find an object in the array based on it's "description" property. public Item finditem(String description) { for (Object x : favourites) { if(description.equals(x.getDescription())) { return Object x; else { return null; Can someone please show me how I would write this code. Thanks.

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• I can't use achiva as a proxy of my remote repository

  - by user1553915

  I want to install Achiva to manage my Maven repositories. I add a new internal repository called "public" and a new remote repository, which is my company's repository. Then I configure the proxy connector to let the repository "public" to be a proxy of the remote one. But When I enter the address "http://localhost:8084/archiva/repository/public/.../....pom" in the web brower,error occurred "Unable to fetch artifact resource". However, if I replace the remote repository with another one such as "http://repository.codehaus.org/", the proxy works. I don't know why this happens, are there something wrong with my remote repository address?

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• Which is more important in a web application code promotion hierarchy? production environment to repo equivalence or unidirectional propagation?

  - by ghbarratt

  Lets say you have a code promotion hierarchy consisting of several environments, (the polar end) two of which are development (dev) and production (prod). Lets say you also have a web application where important (but not developer controlled) files are created (and perhaps altered) in the production environment. Lets say that you (or someone above you) decided that the files which are controlled/created/altered/deleted in the production environment needed to go into the repository. Which of the following two sets of practice / approaches do you find best: Committing these non-developed file modifications made in the production environment so that the repository reflects the production environment as closely and as often as possible. Generally ignoring the non-developed production environment alterations, placing confidence in backups to restore the production environment should it be harmed, and keeping a resolution to avoid pushing developments through the promotion hierarchy in the reverse direction (avoiding pushing from prod to dev), only committing the files found in the production environment if they were absolutely necessary in other environments for development. So, 1 or 2, and why? PS - I am currently slightly biased toward maintaining production environment to repository equivalence (option 1), but I keep an open mind and would accept an answer supporting either.

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• Generic Repositories with DI & Data Intensive Controllers

  - by James

  Usually, I consider a large number of parameters as an alarm bell that there may be a design problem somewhere. I am using a Generic Repository for an ASP.NET application and have a Controller with a growing number of parameters. public class GenericRepository<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class { protected DbContext Context { get; set; } protected DbSet<T> DbSet { get; set; } public GenericRepository(DbContext context) { Context = context; DbSet = context.Set<T>(); } ...//methods excluded to keep the question readable } I am using a DI container to pass in the DbContext to the generic repository. So far, this has met my needs and there are no other concrete implmentations of IRepository<T>. However, I had to create a dashboard which uses data from many Entities. There was also a form containing a couple of dropdown lists. Now using the generic repository this makes the parameter requirments grow quickly. The Controller will end up being something like public HomeController(IRepository<EntityOne> entityOneRepository, IRepository<EntityTwo> entityTwoRepository, IRepository<EntityThree> entityThreeRepository, IRepository<EntityFour> entityFourRepository, ILogError logError, ICurrentUser currentUser) { } It has about 6 IRepositories plus a few others to include the required data and the dropdown list options. In my mind this is too many parameters. From a performance point of view, there is only 1 DBContext per request and the DI container will serve the same DbContext to all of the Repositories. From a code standards/readability point of view it's ugly. Is there a better way to handle this situation? Its a real world project with real world time constraints so I will not dwell on it too long, but from a learning perspective it would be good to see how such situations are handled by others.

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• Trouble accessing fields of a serialized object in Java

  - by typoknig

  I have instantized a class that implements Serializable and I am trying to stream that object like this: try{ Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000); ObjectOutputStream toServer = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream()); toServer.writeObject(myObject); } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } All good so far right? Then I am trying to read the fields of that object like this: //This is an inner class class HandleClient implements Runnable{ private ObjectInputStream fromClient; private Socket socket; // This socket was established earlier try { fromClient = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream()); GetField inputObjectFields = fromClient.readFields(); double myFristVariable = inputObjectFields.get("myFirstVariable", 0); int mySecondVariable = inputObjectFields.get("mySecondVariable", 0); //do stuff } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } finally { try { fromClient.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } But I always get the error: java.io.NotActiveException: not in call to readObject This is my first time streaming objects instead of primitive data types, what am I doing wrong? BONUS When I do get this working correctly, is the ENTIRE CLASS passed with the serialized object (i.e. will I have access to the methods of the object's class)? My reading suggests that the entire class is passed with the object, but I have been unable to use the objects methods thus far. How exactly do I call on the object's methods? In addition to my code above I also experimented with the readObject method, but I was probably using it wrong too because I couldn't get it to work. Please enlighten me.

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• Noob with git repository on Windows Storage Server 2008?

  - by HibbyHoo

  I have a Western Digital Sentinel at home running Windows Storage Server 2008 R2 Essentials. I have several git repositories on it for my own personal projects, and have no problem pushing and pulling over my local network. I want to be able to access those repos remotely from anywhere. I am able to log in and remotely access folders and files on it, but I cannot clone repos using the same address. It hangs for a REALLY long time before finally failing with an error: git.exe clone --progress -v "https://myIpAddressHere/Remote/fs/files.aspx?path=%5C%5Cmydevicename%5Cmyreposfolder%5Cmyrepo.git" "D:\repo" Cloning into 'D:\repo'... error: Failed connect to myIpAddress:443; No error while accessing https://myIpAddress/Remote/fs/files.aspx?path=%5C%5Cmydevicename%5Cmyreposfolder%5Cmyrepo.git/info/refs fatal: HTTP request failed git did not exit cleanly (exit code 128) I'm not too privy to networking or web development, and I have only a rudimentary understanding of how to use git (with TortoiseGit). I'm having a hard time finding search results for this specific problem and a hard time interpreting generic tutorials for the general scope of this problem. TortoiseGit version: 1.7.13.0. git version: 1.7.10.mysysgit.1.

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• Unable to use stored procs in a generic repository for the entity framework. (ASP.NET MVC 2)

  - by Matt

  Hi, I have a generic repository that uses the entity framework to manipulate the database. The original code is credited to Morshed Anwar's post on CodeProject. I've taken his code and modified is slightly to fit my needs. Unfortunately I'm unable to call an Imported Function because the function is only recognized for my specific instance of the entity framework public class Repository<E, C> : IRepository<E, C>, IDisposable where E : EntityObject where C : ObjectContext { private readonly C _ctx; public ObjectResult<MyObject> CallFunction() { // This does not work because "CallSomeImportedFunction" only works on // My object. I also cannot cast it (TrackItDBEntities)_ctx.CallSomeImportedFunction(); // Not really sure why though... but either way that kind of ruins the genericness off it. return _ctx.CallSomeImportedFunction(); } } Anyone know how I can make this work with the repository I already have? Or does anyone know a generic way of calling stored procedures with entity framework? Thanks, Matt

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• How to use StructureMap to inject repository classes to the controller?

  - by Lorenzo

  In the current application I am working on I have a custom ControllerFactory class that create a controller and automatically sets the Elmah ErrorHandler. public class BaseControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory { public override IController CreateController( RequestContext requestContext, string controllerName ) { var controller = base.CreateController( requestContext, controllerName ); var c = controller as Controller; if ( c != null ) { c.ActionInvoker = new ErrorHandlingActionInvoker( new HandleErrorWithElmahAttribute() ); } return controller; } protected override IController GetControllerInstance( RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType ) { try { if ( ( requestContext == null ) || ( controllerType == null ) ) return base.GetControllerInstance( requestContext, controllerType ); return (Controller)ObjectFactory.GetInstance( controllerType ); } catch ( StructureMapException ) { System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( ObjectFactory.WhatDoIHave() ); throw new Exception( ObjectFactory.WhatDoIHave() ); } } } I would like to use StructureMap to inject some code in my controllers. For example I would like to automatically inject repository classes in them. I have already created my repository classes and also I have added a constructor to the controller that receive the repository class public FirmController( IContactRepository contactRepository ) { _contactRepository = contactRepository; } I have then registered the type within StructureMap ObjectFactory.Initialize( x => { x.For<IContactRepository>().Use<MyContactRepository>(); }); How should I change the code in the CreateController method to have the IContactRepository concrete class injected in the FirmController? EDIT: I have changed the BaseControllerFactory to use Structuremap. But I get an exception on the line return (Controller)ObjectFactory.GetInstance( controllerType ); Any hint?

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• Avoiding Object Oriented Pitfalls, Migrating from C, What Worked for You?

  - by Stephen

  I've been programming in procedural languages for quite some time now, and my first reaction to a problem is to start breaking it down into tasks to perform rather than to consider the different entities (objects) that exist and their relationships. I have had a university course in OOP, and understand the fundamentals of encapsulation, data abstraction, polymorphism, modularity and inheritance. I read Learning to think in the Object Oriented Way and Learning object oriented thinking, and will be looking at some of the books pointed to in those answers. I think that several of my medium to large sized projects will benefit from effective use of OOP but as a novice I would like to avoid time consuming, common errors. Based on your experiences, what are these pitfalls and what are reasonable ways around them? If you could explain why they are pitfalls, and how your suggestion is effective in addressing the issue it'd be appreciated. I'm thinking along the lines of something like "Is it common to have a fair number of observer and modifier methods and use private variables or are there techniques for consolidating/reducing them?" I'm not worried about using C++ as a pure OO language, if there are good reasons to mix methods. (Reminiscent of the reasons to use GOTOs, albeit sparingly.) Thank you!

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• DB Object passing between classes singleton, static or other?

  - by Stephen

  So I'm designing a reporting system at work it's my first project written OOP and I'm stuck on the design choice for the DB class. Obviously I only want to create one instance of the DB class per-session/user and then pass it to each of the classes that need it. What I don't know it what's best practice for implementing this. Currently I have code like the following:- class db { private $user = 'USER'; private $pass = 'PASS'; private $tables = array( 'user','report', 'etc...'); function __construct(){ //SET UP CONNECTION AND TABLES } }; class report{ function __construct ($params = array(), $db, $user) { //Error checking/handling trimed //$db is the database object we created $this->db = $db; //$this->user is the user object for the logged in user $this->user = $user; $this->reportCreate(); } public function setPermission($permissionId = 1) { //Note the $this->db is this the best practise solution? $this->db->permission->find($permissionId) //Note the $this->user is this the best practise solution? $this->user->checkPermission(1) $data=array(); $this->db->reportpermission->insert($data) } };//end report I've been reading about using static classes and have just come across Singletons (though these appear to be passé already?) so what's current best practice for doing this?

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• redoing object model construction to fit with asynchronous data fetching

  - by Andrew Patterson

  I have a modeled a set of objects that correspond with some real world concepts. TradeDrug, GenericDrug, TradePackage, DrugForm Underlying the simple object model I am trying to provide is a complex medical terminology that uses numeric codes to represent relationships and concepts, all accessible via a REST service - I am trying to hide away some of that complexity with an object wrapper. To give a concrete example I can call TradeDrug d = Searcher.FindTradeDrug("Zoloft") or TradeDrug d = new TradeDrug(34) where 34 might be the code for Zoloft. This will consult a remote server to find out some details about Zoloft. I might then call GenericDrug generic = d.EquivalentGeneric() System.Out.WriteLine(generic.ActiveIngredient().Name) in order to get back the generic drug sertraline as an object (again via a background REST call to the remote server that has all these drug details), and then perhaps find its ingredient. This model works fine and is being used in some applications that involve data processing. Recently however I wanted to do a silverlight application that used and displayed these objects. The silverlight environment only allows asynchronous REST/web service calls. I have no problems with how to make the asychhronous calls - but I am having trouble with what the design should be for my object construction. Currently the constructors for my objects do some REST calls sychronously. public TradeDrug(int code) { form = restclient.FetchForm(code) name = restclient.FetchName(code) etc.. } If I have to use async 'events' or 'actions' in order to use the Silverlight web client (I know silverlight can be forced to be a synchronous client but I am interested in asychronous approaches), does anyone have an guidance or best practice for how to structure my objects. I can pass in an action callback to the constructor public TradeDrug(int code, Action<TradeDrug> constructCompleted) { } but this then allows the user to have a TradeDrug object instance before what I want to construct is actually finished. It also doesn't support an 'event' async pattern because the object doesn't exist to add the event to until it is constructed. Extending that approach might be a factory object that itself has an asynchronous interface to objects factory.GetTradeDrugAsync(code, completedaction) or with a GetTradeDrugCompleted event? Does anyone have any recommendations?

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