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• Increasing Java's heapspace in Tomcat startup script

  - by Ankur

  I want to increase my heap size when using Tomcat. I was told to add this line export CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms16m -Xmx256m; In to the startup.sh script - I did so (at the beginning) but got the error export: 24: -Xmx256m: bad variable name Where am I supposed to add it, am I doing something else wrong? <b>export CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms16m -Xmx256m;</b> # Better OS/400 detection: see Bugzilla 31132 os400=false darwin=false case "`uname`" in CYGWIN*) cygwin=true;; OS400*) os400=true;; Darwin*) darwin=true;; esac # resolve links - $0 may be a softlink PRG="$0" while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"` link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'` if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then PRG="$link" else PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link" fi done PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"` EXECUTABLE=catalina.sh # Check that target executable exists if $os400; then # -x will Only work on the os400 if the files are: # 1. owned by the user # 2. owned by the PRIMARY group of the user # this will not work if the user belongs in secondary groups eval else if [ ! -x "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" ]; then echo "Cannot find $PRGDIR/$EXECUTABLE" echo "This file is needed to run this program" exit 1 fi fi exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" start "$@"

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• How to set up that specific domains are tunneled to another server

  - by Peter Smit

  I am working at an university as research assistant. Often I would like to connect from home to university resources over http or ssh, but they are blocked from outside access. Therefore, they have a front-end ssh server where we can ssh into and from there to other hosts. For http access they advise to set up an ssh tunnel like this ssh -L 1234:proxyserver.university.fi:8080 publicsshserver.university.fi and put the proxy settings of your browser to point to port 1234 All nice and working, but I would not like to let all my other internet traffic go over this proxy server, and everytime I want to connect to the university I have to do this steps again. What would I like: - Set up a ssh tunnel everytime I log in my computer. I have a certificate, so no passwords are needed - Have a way to redirect some wildcard-domains always through the ssh-server first. So that when I type intra.university.fi in my browser, transparently the request is going through the tunnel. Same when I want to ssh into another resource within the university Is this possible? For the http part I think I maybe should set up my own local transparent proxy to have this easily done. How about the ssh part?

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• Optimize shell and awk script

  - by bryan

  I am using a combination of a shell script, awk script and a find command to perform multiple text replacements in hundreds of files. The files sizes vary between a few hundred bytes and 20 kbytes. I am looking for a way to speed up this script. I am using cygwin. The shell script - #!/bin/bash if [ $# = 0 ]; then echo "Argument expected" exit 1 fi while [ $# -ge 1 ] do if [ ! -f $1 ]; then echo "No such file as $1" exit 1 fi awk -f ~/scripts/parse.awk $1 > ${1}.$$ if [ $? != 0 ]; then echo "Something went wrong with the script" rm ${1}.$$ exit 1 fi mv ${1}.$$ $1 shift done The awk script (simplified) - #! /usr/bin/awk -f /HHH.Web/{ if ( index($0,"Email") == 0) { sub(/HHH.Web/,"HHH.Web.Email"); } printf("%s\r\n",$0); next; } The command line find . -type f | xargs ~/scripts/run_parser.sh

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• Bash script dosn't open in terminal on reboot

  - by twigg

  Quick overview, I have created a script that reboots the laptop after x amount of time and x amount of cycles. I have added the script to the start-up applications and the script does seem to be running in the background but never opens a terminal Window. Am I missing something? Adding Code (this is saved in a file called countdown.sh) #!/bin/bash # check if passed.txt exists if it does, send to soak test if [ -f passed.txt ]; then echo reboot has passed $nol cycles sleep 5; echo Starting soak tests sleep 5; rm testlog.txt; rm passed.txt; phoronix-test-suite run quick-test exit 0; fi # check if file testlog.txt exists if not create it if [ ! -f testlog.txt ]; then echo >> testlog.txt; fi # read reboot file to see how many loops have been completed exec < testlog.txt nol=0 while read line do nol=`expr $nol + 1` done # start the countdown, x is time limit let x=10; while [ $x -gt 0 ]; do clear; figlet "Rebooting in..."; figlet $x; let x-=1; sleep 1; done; echo reboot success $nol >> testlog.txt; shutdown -r now; # set how many times the script should shutdown the laptop reboot_count=1 # if number of reboots matches nol's then stop the script # create a new text file called passed.txt if [ "$nol" == "$reboot_count" ]; then echo reboot passed $nol cycles >> passed.txt; fi

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• The plugin of munin is always timed out

  - by haoX

  I want to use munin to make a graph of ttyACM0 in Linux, but munin can not create the graph. I found some information in "munin-node.log". it shows that "Service 'temperature' timed out". So I changed timeout to 60 or 120 in /munin/plugin-conf.d/munin-node, but it does not work. It's also timed out. Here is part of my code: if [ "$1" = "config" ]; then echo 'graph_title Temperature of board' echo 'graph_args --base 1000 -l 0' echo 'graph_vlabel temperature(°C)' echo 'graph_category temperature' echo 'graph_scale no' echo 'graph_info This graph shows the temperature of board' for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do case $i in 1) TYPE="Under PCB" ;; 2) TYPE="HDD" ;; 3) TYPE="PHY" ;; 4) TYPE="CPU" ;; 5) TYPE="Ambience" ;; esac name=$(clean_name $TYPE) if [ "$TYPE" != "NA" ]; then echo "temp_$name.label $TYPE"; fi done exit 0 fi for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do case $i in 1) TYPE="Under PCB" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $1}') ;; 2) TYPE="HDD" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $2}') ;; 3) TYPE="PHY" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $3}') ;; 4) TYPE="CPU" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $4}') ;; 5) TYPE="Ambience" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $5}') ;; esac name=$(clean_name $TYPE) if [ "$TYPE" != "NA" ]; then echo "temp_$name.value $VALUE" fi

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• Terminal is not letting me make commands unless I hit enter a bunch of times

  - by ninja08

  Whenever I open terminal it normally allows me to immediately begin making commands. Only earlier today I did the setup for github here https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git And then all of a sudden the thing where I give terminal commands won't allow me to give it commands unless I hit enter a few times. This is what it looks like: Last login: Fri Nov 9 11:43:28 on ttys001 mysql.save: Permission denied mysql.save: Permission denied /Users/Nick/.zshrc:32: command not found:  . ~ git: ? ~ git: ? ~ git: ? See the big space? That's because it simply will never show the ~ git: thing unless I hit enter 3-4 times. Also, it never used to say ~ git: before I did the git setup. I'm not sure what I changed. I've checked the zshrc file and commented everything out to find the line causing the problem. I've done that and it turns out it was the source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh Within the oh-my-zsh.sh file I've commented out each block of code for the file starting at the top and I've found that this block is causing it: # Load the theme if [ "$ZSH_THEME" = "random" ] then themes=($ZSH/themes/*zsh-theme) N=${#themes[@]} ((N=(RANDOM%N)+1)) RANDOM_THEME=${themes[$N]} source "$RANDOM_THEME" echo "[oh-my-zsh] Random theme '$RANDOM_THEME' loaded..." else if [ ! "$ZSH_THEME" = "" ] then if [ -f "$ZSH_CUSTOM/$ZSH_THEME.zsh-theme" ] then source "$ZSH_CUSTOM/$ZSH_THEME.zsh-theme" else source "$ZSH/themes/$ZSH_THEME.zsh-theme" fi fi fi

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• SSH & SFTP: Should I assign one port to each user to facilitate bandwidth monitoring?

  - by BertS

  There is no easy way to track real-time per-user bandwidth usage for SSH and SFTP. I think assigning one port to each user may help. Idea of implementation Use case Bob, with UID 1001, shall connect on port 31001. Alice, with UID 1002, shall connect on port 31002. John, with UID 1003, shall connect on port 31003. (I do not want to lauch several sshd instances as proposed in question 247291.) 1. Setup for SFTP: In /etc/ssh/sshd_config: Port 31001 Port 31002 Port 31003 Subsystem sftp /usr/bin/sftp-wrapper.sh The file sftp-wrapper.sh starts the sftp server only if the port is the correct one: #!/bin/sh mandatory_port=3`id -u` current_port=`echo $SSH_CONNECTION | awk '{print $4}'` if [ $mandatory_port -eq $current_port ] then exec /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server fi 2. Additional setup for SSH: A few lines in /etc/profile prevents the user from connecting on the wrong port: if [ -n "$SSH_CONNECTION" ] then mandatory_port=3`id -u` current_port=`echo $SSH_CONNECTION | awk '{print $4}'` if [ $mandatory_port -ne $current_port ] then echo "Please connect on port $mandatory_port." exit 1 fi fi Benefits Now it should be easy to monitor per-user bandwidth usage. A Rrdtool-based application could produce charts like this: I know this won't be a perfect calculation of the bandwidth usage: for example, if somebody launches a bruteforce attack on port 31001, there will be a lot of traffic on this port although not from Bob. But this is not a problem to me: I do not need an exact computation of per-user bandwidth usage, but an indicator that is approximately correct in standard situations. Questions Is the idea of assigning one port for each user is a good one? Is the proposed setup an reliable one? If I have to open dozens of ports for many users, should I expect a performance drawback? Do you know a rrdtool-based application which could make the chart above?

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• Beginner - C# iteration through directory to produce a file list

  - by dassouki

  The end goal is to have some form of a data structure that stores a hierarchal structure of a directory to be stored in a txt file. I'm using the following code and so far, and I'm struggling with combining dirs, subdirs, and files. /// <summary> /// code based on http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb513869.aspx /// </summary> /// <param name="strFolder"></param> public static void TraverseTree ( string strFolder ) { // Data structure to hold names of subfolders to be // examined for files. Stack<string> dirs = new Stack<string>( 20 ); if ( !System.IO.Directory.Exists( strFolder ) ) { throw new ArgumentException(); } dirs.Push( strFolder ); while ( dirs.Count > 0 ) { string currentDir = dirs.Pop(); string[] subDirs; try { subDirs = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories( currentDir ); } catch ( UnauthorizedAccessException e ) { MessageBox.Show( "Error: " + e.Message ); continue; } catch ( System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException e ) { MessageBox.Show( "Error: " + e.Message ); continue; } string[] files = null; try { files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles( currentDir ); } catch ( UnauthorizedAccessException e ) { MessageBox.Show( "Error: " + e.Message ); continue; } catch ( System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException e ) { MessageBox.Show( "Error: " + e.Message ); continue; } // Perform the required action on each file here. // Modify this block to perform your required task. /* foreach ( string file in files ) { try { // Perform whatever action is required in your scenario. System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo( file ); Console.WriteLine( "{0}: {1}, {2}", fi.Name, fi.Length, fi.CreationTime ); } catch ( System.IO.FileNotFoundException e ) { // If file was deleted by a separate application // or thread since the call to TraverseTree() // then just continue. MessageBox.Show( "Error: " + e.Message ); continue; } } */ // Push the subdirectories onto the stack for traversal. // This could also be done before handing the files. foreach ( string str in subDirs ) dirs.Push( str ); foreach ( string str in files ) MessageBox.Show( str ); }

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• Unable to connect to UNC share with WindowsIdentity.Impersonate, but works fine using LogonUser

  - by Rob

  Hopefully I'm not missing something obvious here, but I have a class that needs to create some directories on a UNC share and then move files to the new directory. When we connect using LogonUser things work fine with no errors, but when we try and use the user indicated by Integrated Windows authentication we run into problems. Here's some working and non-working code to give you an idea what is going on. The following works and logs the requested information: [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool LogonUser(string lpszUsername, string lpszDomain, string lpszPassword, int dwLogonType, int dwLogonProvider, out IntPtr phToken); [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] private static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr handle); IntPtr token; WindowsIdentity wi; if (LogonUser("user", "network", "password", 8, // LOGON32_LOGON_NETWORK_CLEARTEXT 0, // LOGON32_PROVIDER_DEFAULT out token)) { wi = new WindowsIdentity(token); WindowsImpersonationContext wic = wi.Impersonate(); Logging.LogMessage(System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name); Logging.LogMessage(path); DirectoryInfo info = new DirectoryInfo(path); Logging.LogMessage(info.Exists.ToString()); Logging.LogMessage(info.Name); Logging.LogMessage("LastAccessTime:" + info.LastAccessTime.ToString()); Logging.LogMessage("LastWriteTime:" + info.LastWriteTime.ToString()); wic.Undo(); CloseHandle(token); } The following fails and gives an error message indicating the network name is not available, but the correct user name is indicated by GetCurrent().Name: WindowsIdentity identity = (WindowsIdentity)HttpContext.Current.User.Identity; using (identity.Impersonate()) { Logging.LogMessage(System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name); Logging.LogMessage(path); DirectoryInfo info = new DirectoryInfo(path); Logging.LogMessage(info.Exists.ToString()); Logging.LogMessage(info.Name); Logging.LogMessage("LastAccessTime:" + info.LastAccessTime.ToString()); Logging.LogMessage("LastWriteTime:" + info.LastWriteTime.ToString()); }

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• .NET Impersonate and file upload issues

  - by Jagd

  I have a webpage that allows a user to upload a file to a network share. When I run the webpage locally (within VS 2008) and try to upload the file, it works! However, when I deploy the website to the webserver and try to upload the file through the webpage, it doesn't work! The error being returned to me on the webserver says "Access to the path '\05prd1\emp\test.txt' is denied. So, obviously, this is a permissions issue. The network share is configured to allow full access both to me (NT authentication) and to the NETWORK SERVICE (which is .NET's default account and what we have set in our IIS application pool as the default user for this website). I have tried this with and without impersonation upon the webserver and neither way works, yet both ways work on my local machine (in other words, with and without impersonation works on my local machine). The code that does the file upload is below. Please note that the code below includes impersonation, but like I said above, I've tried it with and without impersonation and it's made no difference. if (fuCourses.PostedFile != null && fuCourses.PostedFile.ContentLength > 0) { System.Security.Principal.WindowsImpersonationContext impCtx; impCtx = ((System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity)User.Identity).Impersonate(); try { lblMsg.Visible = true; // The courses file to be uploaded HttpPostedFile file = fuCourses.PostedFile; string fName = file.FileName; string uploadPath = "\\\\05prd1\\emp\\"; // Get the file name if (fName.Contains("\\")) { fName = fName.Substring( fName.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1); } // Delete the courses file if it is already on \\05prd1\emp FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(uploadPath + fName); if (fi != null && fi.Exists) { fi.Delete(); } // Open new file stream on \\05prd1\emp and read bytes into it from file upload FileStream fs = File.Create(uploadPath + fName, file.ContentLength); using (Stream stream = file.InputStream) { byte[] b = new byte[4096]; int read; while ((read = stream.Read(b, 0, b.Length)) > 0) { fs.Write(b, 0, read); } } fs.Close(); lblMsg.Text = "File Successfully Uploaded"; lblMsg.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green; } catch (Exception ex) { lblMsg.Text = ex.Message; lblMsg.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; } finally { impCtx.Undo(); } } Any help on this would be very appreciated!

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• .NET Impersonate not working!

  - by Jagd

  I have a webpage that allows a user to upload a file to a network share. When I run the webpage locally (within VS 2008) and try to upload the file, it works! However, when I deploy the website to the webserver and try to upload the file through the webpage, it doesn't work! The error being returned to me on the webserver says "Access to the path '\05prd1\emp\test.txt' is denied. So, obviously, this is a permissions issue. The network share is configured to allow full access both to me (NT authentication) and to the NETWORK SERVICE (which is .NET's default account and what we have set in our IIS application pool as the default user for this website). I have tried this with and without authentication, and neither one works on the webserver, yet both ways works on my local machine. The code that does the file upload is below. Please note that the code below includes impersonation, but like I said above, I've tried it with and without impersonation and it's made no difference. if (fuCourses.PostedFile != null && fuCourses.PostedFile.ContentLength > 0) { System.Security.Principal.WindowsImpersonationContext impCtx; impCtx = ((System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity)User.Identity).Impersonate(); try { lblMsg.Visible = true; // The courses file to be uploaded HttpPostedFile file = fuCourses.PostedFile; string fName = file.FileName; string uploadPath = "\\\\05prd1\\emp\\"; // Get the file name if (fName.Contains("\\")) { fName = fName.Substring( fName.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1); } // Delete the courses file if it is already on \\05prd1\emp FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(uploadPath + fName); if (fi != null && fi.Exists) { fi.Delete(); } // Open new file stream on \\05prd1\emp and read bytes into it from file upload FileStream fs = File.Create(uploadPath + fName, file.ContentLength); using (Stream stream = file.InputStream) { byte[] b = new byte[4096]; int read; while ((read = stream.Read(b, 0, b.Length)) > 0) { fs.Write(b, 0, read); } } fs.Close(); lblMsg.Text = "File Successfully Uploaded"; lblMsg.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Green; } catch (Exception ex) { lblMsg.Text = ex.Message; lblMsg.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; } finally { impCtx.Undo(); } } Any help on this would be very appreciated!

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• BST insert operation. don't insert a node if a duplicate exists already

  - by jeev

  the following code reads an input array, and constructs a BST from it. if the current arr[i] is a duplicate, of a node in the tree, then arr[i] is discarded. count in the struct node refers to the number of times a number appears in the array. fi refers to the first index of the element found in the array. after the insertion, i am doing a post-order traversal of the tree and printing the data, count and index (in this order). the output i am getting when i run this code is: 0 0 7 0 0 6 thank you for your help. Jeev struct node{ int data; struct node *left; struct node *right; int fi; int count; }; struct node* binSearchTree(int arr[], int size); int setdata(struct node**node, int data, int index); void insert(int data, struct node **root, int index); void sortOnCount(struct node* root); void main(){ int arr[] = {2,5,2,8,5,6,8,8}; int size = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]); struct node* temp = binSearchTree(arr, size); sortOnCount(temp); } struct node* binSearchTree(int arr[], int size){ struct node* root = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); if(!setdata(&root, arr[0], 0)) fprintf(stderr, "root couldn't be initialized"); int i = 1; for(;i<size;i++){ insert(arr[i], &root, i); } return root; } int setdata(struct node** nod, int data, int index){ if(*nod!=NULL){ (*nod)->fi = index; (*nod)->left = NULL; (*nod)->right = NULL; return 1; } return 0; } void insert(int data, struct node **root, int index){ struct node* new = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); setdata(&new, data, index); struct node** temp = root; while(1){ if(data<=(*temp)->data){ if((*temp)->left!=NULL) *temp=(*temp)->left; else{ (*temp)->left = new; break; } } else if(data>(*temp)->data){ if((*temp)->right!=NULL) *temp=(*temp)->right; else{ (*temp)->right = new; break; } } else{ (*temp)->count++; free(new); break; } } } void sortOnCount(struct node* root){ if(root!=NULL){ sortOnCount(root->left); sortOnCount(root->right); printf("%d %d %d\n", (root)->data, (root)->count, (root)->fi); } }

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• LINQ how to add an order by to this statement?

  - by JL

  I have the following LINQ that I would like to also order by file creation date, how is this done? taskFiles = taskDirectory.GetFiles(Id + "*.xml") .Where(fi => !fi.Name.EndsWith("_update.xml", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)) .ToArray();

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• bold small caps with mathpazo

  - by user312728

  The bold small caps don't work with mathpazo font. I am a issue with this macro for take in upper case a bold text : the text is never in upper case. \documentclass{minimal} \usepackage[sc,osf]{mathpazo} \newcommand\normal{\fontseries{\ifx\f@series\bfdefault\then m \fi}\selectfont} \makeatletter \DeclareRobustCommand{\mytextsc}[1]{% \ifx\f@series\bfdefault% \uppercase{#1}% \else {\scshape #1}% \fi } \makeatother \begin{document} \textbf{This is a bold \mytextsc{upper case} text.} This is a \mytextsc{small caps} text. \end{document}

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• Translate parse_git_branch function to zsh from bash (for prompt)

  - by yar

  I am using this function in Bash function parse_git_branch { git_status="$(git status 2> /dev/null)" pattern="^# On branch ([^${IFS}]*)" if [[ ! ${git_status}} =~ "working directory clean" ]]; then state="*" fi # add an else if or two here if you want to get more specific if [[ ${git_status} =~ ${pattern} ]]; then branch=${BASH_REMATCH[1]} echo "(${branch}${state})" fi } but I'm determined to use zsh. While I can use this perfectly as a shell script (even without a shebang) in my .zshrc the error is a parse error on this line if [[ ! ${git_status}}... What do I need to do to get it ready for zshell? Edit: The "actual error" I'm getting is " parse error near } and it refers to the line with the strange double }}, which works on Bash. Edit: Here's the final code, just for fun: parse_git_branch() { git_status="$(git status 2> /dev/null)" pattern="^# On branch ([^[:space:]]*)" if [[ ! ${git_status} =~ "working directory clean" ]]; then state="*" fi if [[ ${git_status} =~ ${pattern} ]]; then branch=${match[1]} echo "(${branch}${state})" fi } setopt PROMPT_SUBST PROMPT='$PR_GREEN%n@$PR_GREEN%m%u$PR_NO_COLOR:$PR_BLUE%2c$PR_NO_COLOR%(!.#.$)' RPROMPT='$PR_GREEN$(parse_git_branch)$PR_NO_COLOR' Thanks to everybody for your patience and help. Edit: The best answer has schooled us all: git status is porcelain (UI). Good scripting goes against GIT plumbing. Here's the final function: parse_git_branch() { in_wd="$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" || return test "$in_wd" = true || return state='' git diff-index HEAD --quiet 2>/dev/null || state='*' branch="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" test -z "$branch" && branch='<detached-HEAD>' echo "(${branch#refs/heads/}${state})" } PROMPT='$PR_GREEN%n@$PR_GREEN%m%u$PR_NO_COLOR:$PR_BLUE%2c$PR_NO_COLOR%(!.#.$)' RPROMPT='$PR_GREEN$(parse_git_branch)$PR_NO_COLOR' Note that only the prompt is zsh-specific. In Bash it would be your prompt plus "\$(parse_git_branch)". This might be slower (more calls to GIT, but that's an empirical question) but it won't be broken by changes in GIT (they don't change the plumbing). And that is very important for a good script moving forward. Days Later: Ugh, it turns out that diff-index HEAD is NOT the same as checking status against working directory clean. So will this mean another plumbing call? I surely don't have time/expertise to write my own porcelain....

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• where can I get these kind of exercises to solve?

  - by flash

  Recently I did a Java programming exercise successfully which was sent by a recruiting firm, The problem statement goes like this 'There are two text files FI(records abt files and directory information) and FS(containing blocks of data) which represent a file Index and file System respectively and I was supposed to write a static read method in a class which will read the file from the FS depending upon the path string provided using FI' My question is where can I get these kind of exercises to solve, the complexity should be above average to tough.

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• How to intialize a variable from another script in bash?

  - by Zombies

  How can I set my intial variables in a re-usable way? I tried to do this by invoking something like this in my child script: ./init.bash And inside init.bash: prod="false" if [ "$prod" == "prod" ] then RUN_DIR=/home/windsor/.scripts/websites JAVA_DIR=/home/windsor/prog/websitechecker OUT_DIR=/tmp/ DB="prod" else if [ ! -a /tmp/test ] then mkdir /tmp/test fi DB="mydb" OUT_DIR=/tmp/test/ RUN_DIR=/home/windsor/workspaces/bash/websites JAVA_DIR=/home/windsor/workspaces/java/testrun fi cd $RUN_DIR

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• I am new to shell scripting and i have wriiten a script to flag values within a if loop but if i try

  - by user316360

  #!/bin/sh cat PLAYARTE_TXT.txt|while read line do count1=$(echo $line|wc -c) a=37 if [[ $count1 -eq $a ]]; then b=0 else c=1 break fi done if [ "$b" -eq "0" -a "$c" -ne "1" ]; then echo success else echo failure fi exit 0

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• Network IO using Credentials

  - by John

  Is it possible to move files from a network location that requires credentials to another network location that also requires credentials without mapping any drive. (ie: Without any use of P/Invoke) Example: FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(@"\\SomeComputer\SomeDrive\SomeFolder\someFile.txt"); fi.MoveTo(@"\\AnotherComputer\AnotherDrive\AnotherFolder\AnotherFile.txt"); This works fine if the source and destination network drives are already mapped but if they are not It doesn't.

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• test remote file if directory

  - by soField

  HOSTNAME=$1 #missing files will be created by chk_dir for i in `cat filesordirectorieslist_of_remoteserver` do isdir=remsh $HOSTNAME "if [ -d $i ]; then echo dir; else echo file; fi" if [ $isdir -eq "dir" ] then remsh $HOSTNAME "ls -d $i | cpio -o" | cpio -id else remsh $HOSTNAME "ls | cpio -o" | cpio -id fi done i need simple solution for checking remote file is directory or file ? thanks

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• Bash script if statements

  - by Jonhnny Weslley

  In Bash script, what is the difference between the following snippets? 1) Using single brackets: if [ "$1" = VALUE ] ; then # code fi 2) Using double brackets: if [[ "$1" = VALUE ]] ; then # code fi

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• Nagios: NRPE: Unable to read output, Can't find the reason, can you?

  - by Itai Ganot

  I have a Nagios server and a monitored server. On the monitored server: [root@Monitored ~]# netstat -an |grep :5666 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN [root@Monitored ~]# locate check_kvm /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm -H localhost hosts:3 OK:3 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - ab2c7:running alpweb5:running istaweb5:running [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_kvm NRPE: Unable to read output [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost NRPE v2.14 [root@Monitored ~]# ps -ef |grep nrpe nagios 21178 1 0 16:11 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/nrpe -c /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg -d [root@Monitored ~]# On the Nagios server: [root@Nagios ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.159 -c check_kvm NRPE: Unable to read output [root@Nagios ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.159 NRPE v2.14 [root@Nagios ~]# When I check another server in the network using the same command it works: [root@Nagios ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.80 -c check_kvm hosts:4 OK:4 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - karmisoft:running ab2c4:running kidumim1:running travel2gether1:running [root@Nagios ~]# Running the check locally using Nagios account: [root@Monitored ~]# su - nagios -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm hosts:3 OK:3 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - ab2c7:running alpweb5:running istaweb5:running -bash-4.1$ Running the check remotely from the Nagios server using Nagios account: -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.159 -c check_kvm NRPE: Unable to read output -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.159 NRPE v2.14 -bash-4.1$ Running the same check_kvm against a different server in the network using Nagios account: -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 1.1.1.80 -c check_kvm hosts:4 OK:4 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - karmisoft:running ab2c4:running kidumim1:running travel2gether1:running -bash-4.1$ Permissions: -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4684 2013-10-14 17:14 nrpe.cfg (aka /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg) drwxrwxr-x. 3 nagios nagios 4096 2013-10-15 03:38 plugins (aka /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins) /etc/sudoers: [root@Monitored ~]# grep -i requiretty /etc/sudoers #Defaults requiretty iptables/selinux: [root@Monitored xinetd.d]# service iptables status iptables: Firewall is not running. [root@Monitored xinetd.d]# service ip6tables status ip6tables: Firewall is not running. [root@Monitored xinetd.d]# grep disable /etc/selinux/config # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled [root@Monitored xinetd.d]# The command in /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg is: [root@Monitored ~]# grep kvm /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg command[check_kvm]=sudo /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm and the nagios user is added on /etc/sudoers: nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe The check_kvm is a shell script, looks like that: #!/bin/sh LIST=$(virsh list --all | sed '1,2d' | sed '/^$/d'| awk '{print $2":"$3}') if [ ! "$LIST" ]; then EXITVAL=3 #Status 3 = UNKNOWN (orange) echo "Unknown guests" exit $EXITVAL fi OK=0 WARN=0 CRIT=0 NUM=0 for host in $(echo $LIST) do name=$(echo $host | awk -F: '{print $1}') state=$(echo $host | awk -F: '{print $2}') NUM=$(expr $NUM + 1) case "$state" in running|blocked) OK=$(expr $OK + 1) ;; paused) WARN=$(expr $WARN + 1) ;; shutdown|shut*|crashed) CRIT=$(expr $CRIT + 1) ;; *) CRIT=$(expr $CRIT + 1) ;; esac done if [ "$NUM" -eq "$OK" ]; then EXITVAL=0 #Status 0 = OK (green) fi if [ "$WARN" -gt 0 ]; then EXITVAL=1 #Status 1 = WARNING (yellow) fi if [ "$CRIT" -gt 0 ]; then EXITVAL=2 #Status 2 = CRITICAL (red) fi echo hosts:$NUM OK:$OK WARN:$WARN CRIT:$CRIT - $LIST exit $EXITVAL Edit (10/22/13): Following all that, I am now able to get some response from the script: [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_kvm Unknown guests [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost NRPE v2.14 [root@Monitored ~]# /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm hosts:3 OK:3 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - ab2c7:running alpweb5:running istaweb5:running [root@Monitored ~]# su - nagios -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_kvm hosts:3 OK:3 WARN:0 CRIT:0 - ab2c7:running alpweb5:running istaweb5:running -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_kvm Unknown guests -bash-4.1$ /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H localhost NRPE v2.14 It seems like the problem is some how related to the check_nrpe command or something which is related to the nrpe installation on the server.

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• Fedora 17 keeps using fedora 16 kernel

  - by MTilsted

  I did run preupgrade to upgrade my Fedora 16(x64) to Fedora 17. And it seemed to work fine. So I got the new gimp 2.8, gcc 4.7.0 and so on. But the system keeps using the old kernel from fc16. Uname -a gives me: Linux localhost.localdomain 3.3.6-3.fc16.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed May 16 21:43:01 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux The system downloaded the new kernel, so I got /boot/vmlinuz-3.3.7-1.fc17.x86_64 /boot/System.map-3.3.7-1.fc17.x86_64 /boot/initramfs-3.3.7-1.fc17.x86_64.img /boot/config-3.3.7-1.fc17.x86_64 But the system keeps using the old kernel from fc16. If i look at my /boot/grub2/grub.cfg file, it looks like this: # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub2-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } set timeout=5 ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Fedora (3.3.6-3.fc16.x86_64)' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,gpt2)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3521a578-5829-4fb4-a485-8c097df77d07 echo 'Loading Fedora (3.3.6-3.fc16.x86_64)' linux /vmlinuz-3.3.6-3.fc16.x86_64 root=UUID=57459a16-97a0-46a4-8e71-cc3ec0ca4a3e ro KEYTABLE=dvorak rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 quiet SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb rd.md.uuid=60956781:734d95ba:424311e2:796702a7 rd.luks=0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /initramfs-3.3.6-3.fc16.x86_64.img } menuentry 'Fedora (3.3.5-2.fc16.x86_64)' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,gpt2)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3521a578-5829-4fb4-a485-8c097df77d07 echo 'Loading Fedora (3.3.5-2.fc16.x86_64)' linux /vmlinuz-3.3.5-2.fc16.x86_64 root=UUID=57459a16-97a0-46a4-8e71-cc3ec0ca4a3e ro KEYTABLE=dvorak rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 quiet SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb rd.md.uuid=60956781:734d95ba:424311e2:796702a7 rd.luks=0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /initramfs-3.3.5-2.fc16.x86_64.img } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ### ### END /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ### Anyone got a clue about why it still only references the fc16 kernel, and how I can upgrade it. My system is using raid1 on 2 disks, but /boot is not using raid. Mount for /boot is: /dev/sda2 on /boot type ext2 (rw,relatime,seclabel,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1) And / (The only other filesystem I have) is mounted as /dev/md0 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered)

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• Securing smtp with login

  - by Paul Peelen

  I have a ispconfig server, and it seems that someone is using it to send spam. I got about 130 "Mail Delivery System" email about declined send email. This spammer uses my email address as sent from adress, so I get all these email adresses to my mail. I am using Postfix and Courier. I installed my server according to this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect-server-debian-lenny-ispconfig3-p3 I did this a few months ago. My question: Can I secure my server to require login to be able to send email, and if so... how? Thanks! EDIT Some data from mail.log, these kind of error show up constantly: Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: CC7DA1242AE: from=<paul@*****.se>, size=3782, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/smtp[11337]: CC7DA1242AE: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=4641, delays=4640/0.01/0.32/0, dsn=4.4.3, status=deferred (Host or domain name not found. Name service error for name=cmlisboa.pt type=MX: Host not found, try again) Jun 15 17:58:19 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154]: 550 5.1.1 <advertising@*****.com>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table; from=<[email protected]> to=<advertising@*****.com> proto=ESMTP helo=<static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net> Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: lost connection after DATA (0 bytes) from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: disconnect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:29 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: connect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:32 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: 386791241F9: client=unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/cleanup[10975]: 386791241F9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: from=<[email protected]>, size=867, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: disconnect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt amavis[11084]: (11084-17) Blocked SPAM, [62.176.172.226] [62.176.172.226] <[email protected]> -> <*****@*****>, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: XczovKoMBYNr, Hits: 18.471, size: 867, 833 ms Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtp[10732]: 386791241F9: to=<*****@*****>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.5, delays=2.7/0/0/0.83, dsn=2.7.0, status=sent (250 2.7.0 Ok, discarded, id=11084-17 - SPAM) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: removed Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: warning: 178.121.154.194: address not listed for hostname mm-194-154-121-178.dynamic.pppoe.mgts.by Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from unknown[178.121.154.194] Jun 15 17:58:45 bolt postfix/smtpd[10727]: connect from unknown[180.134.223.86] EDIT #2 Got some more info from the logs, this is a send request: mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt amavis[5399]: (05399-06) Passed CLEAN, [110.139.48.64] [110.139.48.64] <paul@*****.se> -> <[email protected]>, Message-ID: <CHILKAT-MID-7c54ebcf-5501-de9b-f0b1-4f0234290d8d@HP-IRISH>, mail_id: 35l56Ramx6Nc, Hits: -2.941, size: 3329, queued_as: 2485770086, 136 ms mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt postfix/smtp[4743]: 375C570082: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=4.8, delays=4.7/0/0/0.14, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=05399-06, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 2485770086) Which apparently got thrue. Any ideas how to restrict this?

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• Permission Mystery - apt-get and other system utilities have 000 permissions

  - by emteh

  I'm trying to track down this strange behavoir for years now. Always after installing software-updates the permissions of a lot of system-tools are broken as you can see below. I am reasonable convinced that the machine is not owned by someone else. Regular security updates + grsecurity kernel + pax + daily rkhunter runs. Besides that there is no incentive for an attacker to fiddle in such obvious ways with the system. I installed bastille linux (http://bastille-linux.sourceforge.net/) und tried to deinstall it later, so the problems could be related to that. However I don't see how this can happen in a regular way after updates. System: Ubuntu 10.04, recently updated to Ubuntu 12.04 but the problem persists. Apt-Configuration in /etc/apt/ looks sane to me. But nevertheless - could here be the source of the trouble? DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";}; DPkg::Post-Invoke { "if [ -x /usr/bin/debsums ]; then /usr/bin/debsums -- generate=nocheck -sp /var/cache/apt/archives; fi"; }; // Makes sure that rkhunter file properties database is updated // after each remove or install only APT_AUTOGEN is enabled DPkg::Post-Invoke { "if [ -x /usr/bin/rkhunter ] && grep -qiE '^APT_AUTOGEN=.? (true|yes)' /etc/default/rkhunter; then /usr/share/rkhunter/scripts/rkhupd.sh; fi" } DPkg::Post-Invoke {"if [ -d /var/lib/update-notifier ]; then touch /var/lib/update- notifier/dpkg-run-stamp; fi; if [ -e /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available ]; then echo > /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available; fi "; }; Where do these chmod 000 come from? I'm feeling really uneasy with this problem. root@besen:~# find /usr/bin/ -perm 0 -ls 14721496 196 ---------- 1 root root 192592 Oct 15 11:58 /usr/bin/apt-get 14721144 68 ---------- 1 root root 63848 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/bin/gpasswd root@besen:~# find /usr/sbin/ -perm 0 -ls 1727732 92 ---------- 1 root root 86984 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/usermod 1727727 64 ---------- 1 root root 57640 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/userdel 1727719 64 ---------- 1 root root 57680 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/newusers 1727718 40 ---------- 1 root root 38632 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpunconv 1727728 48 ---------- 1 root root 47088 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupadd 1727724 32 ---------- 1 root root 29584 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwunconv 19031620 84 ---------- 1 root root 81880 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/edquota 14877113 48 ---------- 1 root root 46880 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpck 1727722 40 ---------- 1 root root 38632 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwck 1727730 96 ---------- 1 root root 91464 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/useradd 19031619 16 ---------- 1 root root 14600 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/quotastats 1727720 44 ---------- 1 root root 42760 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupdel 1727733 36 ---------- 1 root root 34504 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwconv 19031621 80 ---------- 1 root root 77632 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/rpc.rquotad 19030041 76 ---------- 1 root root 73600 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/repquota 1727731 40 ---------- 1 root root 38624 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpconv 1727725 56 ---------- 1 root root 49472 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/vipw 1727723 64 ---------- 1 root root 57672 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupmod root@besen:~# find /sbin/ -perm 0 -ls 16760927 76 ---------- 1 root root 73464 Jan 3 2012 /sbin/quotaon Any tipps? I really can't pinpoint the problem in more detail. It happens after installing updates but I can't find no hooks in the dpkg/apt system.

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