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• Apt pin and self hosted apt repo

  - by Hamish Downer

  We have our own apt/deb repository with a handful of packages where we want to control the version. Crucially this includes puppet, which can be sensitive to versions being different. I want our desktops to only get puppet from our repository, but also for people to be able to add their own PPAs, enable backports etc. The current problem we have is backports on Ubuntu Lucid. Some important lines from /etc/apt/sources.list: deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://deb.example.org/apt/ubuntu/lucid/ binary/ And in /etc/apt/preferences.d/puppet: Package: puppet puppet-common Pin: release a=binary Pin-Priority: 800 Package: puppet puppet-common Pin: release a=lucid-backports Pin-Priority: -10 Currently policy says: $ sudo apt-cache policy puppet puppet: Installed: (none) Candidate: (none) Package pin: 2.7.1-1ubuntu3.6~lucid1 Version table: 2.7.1-1ubuntu3.6~lucid1 -10 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports/main Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 2.6.14-1puppetlabs1 -10 500 http://deb.example.org/apt/ubuntu/lucid/ binary/ Packages 0.25.4-2ubuntu6.8 -10 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates/main Packages 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security/main Packages 0.25.4-2ubuntu6 -10 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main Packages If I use n= instead of a= then I get Package pin: (not found) I'm just plain confused at this point as to what I should use. Any help appreciated.

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• How to start using twill?

  - by brilliant

  How do I start using twill? I have just downloaded it, unpacked it and clicked on the setup .py file in the folder. The black window (terminal) appeared for a moment and vanished. (I do have Python 2.5 installed on my computer - along with SDK from Google App Engine) In the twill documentation section it says: Downloading twill The latest release of twill is twill 0.9, released Thursday, December 27th, 2007; it is available for download at http://darcs.idyll.org/~t/projects/twill-0.9.tar.gz. You can also use Python's easy_install to install or upgrade twill. twill works with Python 2.3 or later. To start using twill, install it and then type twill-sh. At the prompt type: go http://www.slashdot.org/ show showforms showhistory I am not clear from this passage what I am supposed to type (only "twill-sh" or "twill-sh" and all the words under that line) and where (I tried typing it in the command prompt window of my computer - to no avail) Can, anyone, please, help me out here? Thank You in advance.

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• DEB: "Provides:" field ignored

  - by Creshal

  I need to replace a package with a custom one, which gets its own name (foo-origpackage). To allow it to be used as drop-in replacement, I added the Provides: origpackage line to the control file. apt-cache show foo-origpackage lists the "Provides" entry just fine. However, when I want to install a file depending on origpackage, it fails ("Package origpackage not installed"). Is there some distinction between "real" and virtual packages I'm missing? EDIT: To be precise, what I want to replace is xen-utils-common for Squeeze. My tao-xen-utils-common has the following control file: Source: tao-xen-utils-common Section: kernel Priority: optional Maintainer: Creshal <[email protected]> Build-Depends: debhelper Standards-Version: 3.8.0 Homepage: http://tao.at Package: tao-xen-utils-common Architecture: all Depends: gawk, lsb-base, udev, xenstore-utils, tao-firewall Provides: xen-utils-common Conflicts: xen-utils-common Replaces: xen-utils-common Description: Xen administrative tools - common files (modified) The userspace tools to manage a system virtualized through the Xen virtual machine monitor. Modified for use with TAO Firewall. Installing xen-utils-4.0 fails, however: foo@bar# apt-cache showpkg tao-xen-utils-common Package: tao-xen-utils-common Versions: 4.0.0-1tao1 (/var/lib/apt/lists/repo.tao.at_dists_stable_main_binary-amd64_Packages) (/var/lib/dpkg/status) Description Language: File: /var/lib/apt/lists/repo.tao.at_dists_stable_main_binary-amd64_Packages MD5: 7c2503f563fca13b33b4eb3cbcb3c129 Reverse Depends: tao-firewall,tao-xen-utils-common tao-firewall,tao-xen-utils-common Dependencies: 4.0.0-1tao1 - gawk (0 (null)) lsb-base (0 (null)) udev (0 (null)) xenstore-utils (0 (null)) tao-firewall (0 (null)) xen-utils-common (0 (null)) xen-utils-common (0 (null)) Provides: 4.0.0-1tao1 - xen-utils-common Reverse Provides: foo@bar# apt-get install xen-utils-4.0 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: xen-utils-common Suggested packages: xen-docs-4.0 The following packages will be REMOVED: tao-xen-utils-common The following NEW packages will be installed: xen-utils-4.0 xen-utils-common Edit:foo@bar# apt-cache policy xen-utils-4.0 xen-utils-4.0: Installed: (none) Candidate: 4.0.1-4 Version table: 4.0.1-4 0 500 http://ftp.at.debian.org/debian/ stable/main amd64 Packages 4.0.1-4 0 500 http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates/main amd64 Packages

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• I Made Wordpress Multisite. And Now Everything Doesn't Display Properly

  - by piratepartypumpkin

  I installed Ubuntu 10.4 then I installed Bitnami LAMP stack then I installed bitnami wordpress module then I tried to make the site into a multisite by following these instructions: http://wiki.bitnami.org/Applications/BitNami_WordPress_Multisite#How_to_add_several_WordPress_Multisite_blogs_with_different_domains.3f AND http://wiki.bitnami.org/Applications/BitNami_WordPress_Multisite I can elaborate if needed: I enabled multisite in my wp-config.php file. Then I created a network using the wordpress dashboard. I was given two blocks of text to copy and paste 1 block into my wp-config.php file and one into my .htaccess file. I did that and now I get this: When I go to my mywebsite.com I get this (this was there before I switched to multisite): If I go to mywebsite.com/wordpress I get this (this used to be a functioning wordpress theme): If I click on "My Blog" it redirects to 1mywebsite.com (where the "1" came from I have no idea) If I try to login by going to mywebsite.com/wordpress/wp-login I get this: and if I enter my user and password it redirects me to mywebsite.com/wp-login.php and gives me "Not Found" The requested URL /wp-login.php was not found on this server. NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /opt/lampstack-5.3.16-0/apps/wordpress ServerName mywebsite.com ServerAlias www.mywebsite.com </VirtualHost>

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• How to create btrfs RAID-1 filesystem (assertion error in mkfs.btrfs)?

  - by amcnabb

  I tried to make a btrfs RAID-1 filesystem in "degraded mode" by following the btrfs UseCases instructions but hit a fatal assertion error. Why is this failing, and is there any workaround? The instructions I followed are at: https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/articles/u/s/e/UseCases_8bd8.html The output of the mkfs.btrfs and btrfs filesystem show commands is: # mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/loop1 WARNING! - Btrfs Btrfs v0.19 IS EXPERIMENTAL WARNING! - see http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org before using failed to read /dev/sr0 adding device /dev/loop1 id 2 mkfs.btrfs: volumes.c:802: btrfs_alloc_chunk: Assertion `!(ret)' failed. zsh: abort (core dumped) mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/loop1 # btrfs filesystem show failed to read /dev/sr0 Label: none uuid: 773908b8-acca-4c30-85c5-6642b06de22b Total devices 1 FS bytes used 28.00KB devid 1 size 223.13GB used 2.04GB path /dev/sda5 Label: none uuid: 0f06f1a8-5f5f-4b92-a55c-b827bcbcc840 Total devices 2 FS bytes used 24.00KB devid 2 size 2.00GB used 0.00 path /dev/loop1 devid 1 size 1.36TB used 20.00MB path /dev/sdd1 Btrfs Btrfs v0.19 # EDIT: It turns out that the filesystem isn't mountable: # mount /dev/sdd1 /mnt/big2 mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdd1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so # So, why did the mkfs fail, and is there any workaround?

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• Migrateing to Windows Server 2008 R2 Domain Controllers - a few Questions/Issues

  - by Chris

  Ok so here's our setup: We have 2 Windows2k3 Domain Controllers. I am trying to replace them with Windows 2008 R2. The Win2k3 servers are DC01 and DC02. The Windows2k8 servers are DC1 and DC2. I prepared the Windows Server 2003 Forest Schema for a Domain Controller That Runs Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2. Then with both of the new servers up as member servers I dcpromo'd DC1 using the advanced option and added it successfully to my exisiting domain. Roles are GC, DNS and Active Directory Domain Services.I transferred The PDC, RID pool manager and Infrastructure master FSMO to the new DC.(DC1) The Schema master and Domain naming master are still on the old DC (DC01). The first issue I'm encountering is when i dcpromo the second DC (DC2) and select "Replicate data over the network from and existing domain controller" I select the new DC to replicate from (DC1) I get the following error: "Failed to identify the requested replica partner (dc1.xxx.org) as a valid domain controller with a machine account for (DC2$). This is likely due to either the machine account not being replicated to this domain controller because of replication latency or the domain controller not advertising the Active Directory Domain Services. Please consider retrying the operation with \dc01.xxx.org as the replica partner. "The server is unwilling to process the request." Is this because the Schema master and Domain naming master roles are still on the old DC (DC01)? And if so, if I transfer Schema master and Domain naming master roles to DC1 what is the risk or breaking my AD? I'm a little paranoid because this process HAS to be transparent. ANY down time or interruption will result in me getting a verbal ass kicking from my I.T. Director. Both of the new servers DNS point the the old DNS servers (DC01 and DC02) not themselves by the way. Thanks in Advance -Chris

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• Java web app deployment and ControlTier adoption

  - by Ran

  I've been searching for a configuration and deployment manager tool for my java-linux based web service and have been looking mainly at ControlTier (http://controltier.org). We operate at a medium scale (100's of hosts, multi-DC, dozens of services). There seem to be be plenty of lower level system admin tools such as chef, puppet, cfengine, bcfg2 and more and my understanding and the reason I'm calling them "low level" is that they are great for system level administration tasks such as setting up a mount, file permissions, users etc but aren't designed, for example for java deployments, which usually come with a build process and special java semantics. In many cases any tool can be used to do anything but if it was not designed for the task it can get uncomfortable. OTOH control-tier seem to have been designed just for that - java application deployments, at least that's what all the tutorials on their site demonstrate but here's the problem - The wiki at http://controltier.org/wiki/ is pretty good and stuffed with examples and the company behind the open source CT product is very responsive (pushy...) however, I'm yet to have seen any material from 3rd party users on the net. No success stories, no detailed blog posts, no best practices, no cheat sheets, not even hate letters, nothing. This plays badly for DTO solutions, CT's sponsor for two reasons, one is that it makes me suspicious what's the reason for the poor adoption? and second, what do I do if I get stuck and there's no help page on CT's wiki page and the mailing list is too slow to answer. I'm stuck with a "free" product that a consultancy company is pushing. So my question here - I'd be interested in hearing if anyone has had real world experience with CT for java based web app deployments and if he'd thumb up the product? Any other comments that may enlighten me are welcome of course...

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• Easy_install the wrong version of python modules (Mac OS)

  - by user73250

  I installed Python 2.7 on my Mac. When typing "python" in terminal, it shows: $ python Python 2.7 (r27:82508, Jul 3 2010, 20:17:05) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5493)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. The Python version is correct here. But when I try to easy_install some modules. The system will install the modules with python version 2.6 which are not able be imported to Python 2.7. And of course I can not do the functions I need in my code. Here's an example of easy_install graphy: $ easy_install graphy Searching for graphy Reading pypi.python.org/simple/graphy/ Reading http://code.Google.com/p/graphy/ Best match: Graphy 1.0.0 Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/G/Graphy/Graphy- 1.0.0.tar.gz#md5=390b4f9194d81d0590abac90c8b717e0 Processing Graphy-1.0.0.tar.gz Running Graphy-1.0.0/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /var/folders/fH/fHwdy4WtHZOBytkg1nOv9E+++TI/-Tmp-/easy_install-cFL53r/Graphy-1.0.0/egg-dist-tmp-YtDCZU warning: no files found matching '*.tmpl' under directory 'graphy' warning: no files found matching '*.txt' under directory 'graphy' warning: no files found matching '*.h' under directory 'graphy' warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found under directory '.' warning: no previously-included files matching '*~' found under directory '.' warning: no previously-included files matching '*.aux' found under directory '.' zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents... graphy.all_tests: module references __file__ Adding Graphy 1.0.0 to easy-install.pth file Installed /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/Graphy-1.0.0-py2.6.egg Processing dependencies for graphy Finished processing dependencies for graphy So it installs graphy for Python 2.6. Can someone help me with it? I just want to set my default easy_install Python version to 2.7.

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• Shrink a Volume Group in LVM / Linux in order to install Windows on the freed space

  - by Stephan Kristyn

  I have a Volume Group with Unused space. This 40Gig should become an entidy in order to install Microsoft windows 7 on it. I do not have extra space on the drive - that is why I want to shrink the VG! LVG berta resides on sda2 and consists of lv_root lv_swap unused_space I want it to become lv_root lv_swap and have a seperate entidy made out of unused_space. Microsoft Windows 7 has to get installed on this entidy. I do not understand why Linux made simple things complicated. I utterly hate LVM and think its absolute bollocks. Useful Sources: http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/Deployment_Guide-en-US/s1-system-config-lvm.html Edit: I found the answer. The necessary steps depict how complicated LVM really is. In my opinion it is best to avoiding LVM until pvresize matures as promised in its man pages. Answer: http://fedorasolved.org/Members/zcat/shrink-lvm-for-new-partition If you run into problems when you want to remove lvswap even if in resuce mode, then try swapoff /dev/vg_1/lv_swap lvchange -an /dev/vg_1/lv_swap

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• Workstations cannot see new MS Server 2008 domain, but can access DHCP. (solved)

  - by Radix

  The XP Pro workstations do not see the new replacement domain upon boot; they only see their cached entry for the old (server 2003) domain controller. The old_server is not connected to the network. I have DHCP working with the same scope as the old_server. In my "before-asking" search for a solution I came across the following two articles, and I recall doing things as suggested by the articles. http://www.windowsreference.com/windows-server-2008/how-to-setup-dhcp-server-in-windows-server-2008-step-by-step-guide/ http://www.windowsreference.com/windows-server-2008/step-by-step-guide-for-windows-server-2008-domain-controller-and-dns-server-setup/ The only possible issue is: I was under the impression that the domain netbios needed to match the DC's netbios. The DC netbios is city01 while the domain's FQDN is city.domain.org (I think this is mistaken and should have been just domain.org) But, the second link led me to a post which I believe answers my question. I did as they instructed by opening Local Area Connection Properties, then selecting TCP/IPv4 and setting the sole preferred DNS server to the local hosts static IP (10.10.1.1). Search for "Your problems should clear up" for the post I'm referencing: http://forums.techarena.in/active-directory/1032797.htm Have I misunderstood their instructions? I am hoping to reach the point where I can define users and user groups. Also, does TechNet have a single theoretical overview document I could read. I really don't like treating comps as magic. I will be watching this closely and will quickly answer any questions. If I've left anything out it is because I did not know it was needed. PS: I am loath to ask obviously basic questions, but I am tired and wish to fix this before tomorrow. Also, this is my first server installation, thank you for your help.

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• Debian DNSSEC - howto secure a domain?

  - by Daniel Marschall

  I have a beginner question about DNSSEC. I have much experience with TLS and cryptography-stuff and would like to try out this new technology. I have googled very much about this but I haven't found useful information for me. I think one confusion in information gathering is that "Debian howto DNSSEC setup" can mean "How to USE DNSSEC for resolving" OR "How to secure your domain with DNSSEC". I am searching the second. I am running a Debian Squeeze server with root privileges which has a domain name ending with ".de" (which is already signed by the root zone). The network interface at this server uses the gateway IP (DNS resolver?) of the datacentre the server is running on. My domain is hosted at freedns.afraid.org , where I can add DNS RRs for my domain. They are currently NOT capable of adding DNSSEC RRs, but I am bugging them to support this soon. ;-) My simple question is: How do I setup DNSSEC on Debian? Resp. who have I ask to? As far as I understand, all I have to do is to run dnssec-keygen on my Debian server and then add the key to my DNS-provider as DNSSEC RR. (And change it every 30 days?) I have looked at this http://www.isc.org/files/DNSSEC_in_6_minutes.pdf but it looks like you have to be the owner of a ZONE, so I don't think this applies to me. Who needs to sign my domain? My DNS-provider or my zone (DeNIC) or can I do it myself? Any help is very appreciated!

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• How do I hook into Tar with BASH?

  - by orb

  Long Story Short I am working with Tar archives that contain PNG images in base64 encoding. I would like to use BASH (or whatever else works) to hook into the extraction function of Tar to decode PNG images from base64 encoding to standard PNG encoding after the files are unpacked. A simple cat $input-file | base64 -d >$output-file will successfully decode the images. Is there a way I can hook into tar -xf so that users do not have to do any (or minimal) extra work to decode the images? In the GNU Tar documentation (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_chapter/Backups.html#SEC97) I found that there are in fact variables reserved to hold the names of functions I desire to be hooked into various moments in Tar program execution. However, the documentation explains that these variables, along with other variables that can be set to configure Tar, are located in a file named backup-specs. Unfortunately, the path to this file is not given. Further, running sudo find / -name backup-specs tells me that this file is not present on my Ubuntu version 13.04 system. Background Information not included in the Long Story Short I have been working on a browser-based (WebGL) particle effect creation application (http://www.particleeffect.org), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect-editor), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect). I have began to write a client-side-only solution for saving and loading effect data as a tar archive. However, since client-side JavaScript has limited capability to process binary data, the images used as textures in the effect are saved with base64 encoding. I have been able to implement saving effect data as a Tar archive (haven't pushed that to Github yet). However, the images present in said Tar archive cannot be manipulated unless they are decoded from base64 encoding.

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• Create a mailbox in qmail, then forward all incoming message to Gmail

  - by lorenzo-s

  I needed to let PHP send mails from my webserver to my web app users. So I installed qmail on my Debian server: sudo apt-get install qmail I also updated files in /etc/qmail specifing my domain name, and then I run sudo qmailctl reload and sudo qmailctl restart: /etc/qmail/defaultdomain # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/defaulthost # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/me # Contains 'mail.mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/rcpthosts # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/locals # Contains 'mydomain.com' Emails are sent without any problem from my PHP script to any email address, using the standard mail PHP library. Now the problem is that if I send mail from my PHP using [email protected] as sender address, I want that customer can reply to that address! And possibly, I want all mails sent to this address should be forwarded to my personal Gmail address. At the moment qmail seems to not accept any incoming mail because of "invalid mailbox name". Here is a complete SMTP session I established with my server: me@MYPC:~$ nc mydomain.com 25 220 ip-XX-XX-XXX-XXX.xxx.xxx.xxx ESMTP HELO me@MYPC.org 250 ip-XX-XX-XXX-XXX.xxx.xxx.xxx MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 ok DATA 554 sorry, invalid mailbox name(s). (#5.1.1) QUIT I'm sure I missing something related to mailbox or alias creation, in fact I did nothing to define mailbox [email protected] anywhere. But I tried to search something on the net and on the numerous qmail man pages, bot I found nothing.

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• PHP include() through HTTP makes Apache time out

  - by Adam Interact

  I have a problem with ExpressionEngine2 after moving from an old server to WHM/cPanel running on CentOS6.4. Simple test code to reproduce that issue: <?php $protocol = strpos(strtolower($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']),'https') === FALSE ? 'http' : 'https'; $host = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']; include($protocol . '://' . $host . '/header.html'); ?> <p> Main text...</p> <?php include($protocol . '://' . $host . '/footer.html'); ?> Where header.html looks like <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Untitled Document</title> </head> <body> and footer.html looks like: </body> </html> Creates Apache time out: Warning: include(http://www.domain.com/header.html) [function.include]: failed to open stream: Connection timed out in /home/domain/public_html/test/index.php on line 5 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.domain.com/header.html' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/lib/php:/usr/local/lib/php') in /home/domain/public_html/test/index.php on line 5 Main text... Warning: include(http://www.domain.com/footer.html) [function.include]: failed to open stream: Connection timed out in /home/domain/public_html/test/index.php on line 12 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.domain.com/footer.html' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/lib/php:/usr/local/lib/php') in /home/domain/public_html/test/index.php on line 12 Any clue what can be wrong with Apache or PHP configuration? Thanks

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• Hotmail marking messages as junk

  - by Canadaka

  I was having problems with emails sent from my server being blocked completely by Hotmail, but I found out Hotmail had blocked my IP and by contacting Hotmail I had the block removed. See this question for more info: Email sent from server with rDNS & SPF being blocked by Hotmail But now all emails from my server are going directly to recipients "Junk" folder on hotmail and I can't figure out why. Hotmail says "Microsoft SmartScreen marked this message as junk and we'll delete it after ten days." I tried contacting the same people at Hotmail who had my IP block removed, but I haven't received any reply and its been almost a week. Here are some details: I have a valid SPF record for my domain "v=spf1 a include:_spf.google.com ~all" I have reverse DNS setup I have a Sender Score of 100 https://www.senderscore.org/lookup.php?lookup=66.199.162.177&ipLookup.x=55&ipLookup.y=14 I have signed up for Microsoft's SNDS and was approved. My ip says "All of the specified IPs have normal status." Microsoft added my IP to the JMRP Database My IP is not on any credible spam lists http://www.anti-abuse.org/multi-rbl-check-results/?host=66.199.162.177 my FROM header is being sent in proper format "From: CKA <[email protected]>" Here is a test email source:

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• HTTPS and Certification for dummies

  - by Poxy

  I had never used https on a site and now want to try it. I did some research, but not sure that I understood everything. Answers and corrections are greatly appreciated. Here we go: To use https I need to generate ‘private’ and ‘public’ keys for the web server I use. In my case it’s apache (manual: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/ssl/ssl_faq.html) Https protocol should be bind to port 443. Q: How to do it? Is it done by default? Where can I check configuration? Aplying https. Q: If I see https in browser does it mean that the data traffic on the page IS encrypted? Any form on the page would submit data via https? Though all the data gonna be encrypted, the browsers would still show ugly red messages. This is just because they do not know anything about my certificate. They have about a hundred certificates pre-installed but mine is not one of them, obviously. But the data IS encrypted by https. If I want browsers to recognize my certificate, I would need to have it signed by one of the certification authorities (ca) that has its certificate pre-installed (e.g. thawte, geotrust, rapidssl etc). UPD: To reed about ssl/tsl: The First Few Milliseconds of an HTTPS Connection, I found it very informative. Examples for PHP (openssl.org) of how to make use of ssl/tsl on the server side are published here.

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• Mindtouch broke my Apache2 virtual host configuration.

  - by grenade

  I installed mindtouch using the instructions here and it seems to have broken my Virtual Host configuration. I have several domains running off the same apache instance and this was working fine but now all my domain names resolve to the virtualhost where mindtouch was installed. So mindtouch made all my domain names point to the new mindtouch instance. Grrr! I use debians default virtual host mechanisms (sites-enabled, etc). Does anyone know what apache directive mindtouch is using to ruin my vh setup? I've scoured all the conf files and there is nothing obvious in apache2.conf or httpd.conf that would cause the behaviour. Did it create a sym-link somewhere that I should destroy? I should add that I uninstalled the mindtouch packages already but apache persists in redirecting all domains to the first one mentioned in the sites-enabled folder. thini:~# apache2ctl -S [Wed Jan 05 13:39:11 2011] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:80 has no VirtualHosts VirtualHost configuration: wildcard NameVirtualHosts and _default_ servers: *:* www.openancestry.org (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/openancestry.org:1) *:* www.pragmantra.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/pragmantra.com:1) *:* services.pragmantra.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/services.pragmantra.com:1) *:* www.subversionreports.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/subversionreports.com:1) *:* www.thijssen.ch (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/thijssen.ch:1) Syntax OK

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• Would an invalid certificate cause an 0x8004010F sync error?

  - by hydroparadise

  We just migrated from Exchange 2003 to 2007 which was a combo primary AD/DNS server and it has not gone smoothly. We are now down to getting a new certificate (a bureaucratic process thats out of my hands) and users getting the 0x8004010F sync issue. We are only using Outlook 2007 as our email client and the sync error appears exactly as so: 9:21:44 Synchronizer Version 12.0.6562 9:21:44 Synchronizing Mailbox '<User>' 9:21:44 Done 9:21:44 Microsoft Exchange offline address book 9:21:44 0X8004010F Now, I have read a number of technet articles on this issue anywhere from adding an A record in the DNS for autodiscover.domain.com to syncing the old OAD to the new OAD. In otherwords, theres lots of thing to try, but trial and error at this point might be hazardous to ther server's health and I am trying to narrow down the list of things to try. What has me thinking that the sync error could be related to the certificate is an event error message that says the following: Microsoft Exchange could not find a certificate that contains the domain name mail.ccufl.org in the personal store on the local computer. Therefore, it is unable to support the STARTTLS SMTP verb for the connector Internet Mail with a FQDN parameter of mail.ccufl.org. If the connector's FQDN is not specified, the computer's FQDN is used. Verify the connector configuration and the installed certificates to make sure that there is a certificate with a domain name for that FQDN. If this certificate exists, run Enable-ExchangeCertificate -Services SMTP to make sure that the Microsoft Exchange Transport service has access to the certificate key. I am not fully clear on how the Exchange Transport Service is related to Syncronization, but my hunch is that it probably not related to there not being a valid certificate. So to recap, would an invalid certificate cause an 0x8004010F sync error?

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• Nginx and automatic updates

  - by Desmond Hume

  I'm on Ubuntu 12.04.1 with unattended-upgrades configured for automatic security updates, and I installed Nginx by first adding deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx to /etc/apt/sources.list file, just as was suggested by the official wiki, and then by sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nginx which installed Nginx with all the standard modules. But now I think I could make good use of one or two of the Nginx optional modules, like the gzip precompression module or some security-related one. So far, I see two ways of adding an optional module to Nginx, one is compiling and installing from the source code and the other is described in this article. So, which of the ways should I choose so that automatic updates still run for and apply to Nginx and its optional modules? Or should I create a cron job with a command/script specific for Nginx instead of using unattended-upgrades utility? Can I choose between volume updates and security-only updates to be automatically applied to the standard and optional modules? And finally, is there a possibility to automatically update Nginx's modules on the fly (without any connections having been dropped), like the documentation suggests it's possible with sudo kill -USR2 $( cat /run/nginx.pid ) P.S. Actually I'm not certain if unattended-upgrades utility would automatically update the standard modules in the first place, not enough time has passed since Nginx was installed to say for sure.

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• What kernel modules are required for wi-fi to work?

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  My custom-built 2.6.32 kernel cannot connect to any WPA-protected network. The kernel includes (probably?) everything that should be needed for wifi, including IPv4 network support (IPv6 is disabled), the ath5k wireless driver (which is used in the generic Ubuntu 2.6.31 kernel) and all crypto APIs. The card is being detected, however, iwlist scan returns wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down and network-manager log says <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'ath5k') <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1 <info> (wlan0): now managed <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. <info> (wlan0): preparing device. <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). supplicant_interface_acquire: assertion `mgr_state == NM_SUPPLICANT_MANAGER_STATE_IDLE' failed <info> modem-manager is now available <WARN> default_adapter_cb(): bluez error getting default adapter: The name org.bluez was not provided by any .service files <info> Trying to start the supplicant... <info> (wlan0): supplicant manager state: down -> idle <info> (wlan0): device state change: 2 -> 3 (reason 0) <WARN> nm_supplicant_interface_add_cb(): Unexpected supplicant error getting interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface. The exact same configuration works with the generic kernel. Is anything except wifi and crypto api needed for wi-fi to work?

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• Looking for a host based network monitor solution

  - by Ole Martin Handeland

  Hi all! Problem So, my hosting company has a network usage graph for my dedicated server. It seems that one day earlier this month, my network usage suddenly spiked with several hundred megabytes transferred (usually it's in the tens, not hundreds). It was probably me, but i just can't be sure who or what it was. Question So my question is; does anyone know of any host based solution for monitoring network usage that would tell me the client's IP-address, the port/service he/she used? What I don't want I'm just guessing that someone will suggest i use nagios, munin, zabbix, cacti, mrtg - I've also looked at those, but a graph over network usage will not give me the answers I'm looking for. :-) Almost there I've already looked at a lot of monitoring solutions, and I've tried [ntop][http://www.ntop.org/], [darkstat][http://unix4lyfe.org/darkstat/] and others. Darkstat just didn't give me the answers. Although it listed a lot of statistics, and i could list the clients - it doesn't show me the network usage for a particular period. Ntop is by far the best I've seen so far - but i think it mostly shows current network usage, not the historical part. I could run apt-get upgrade and download a whole bunch of software, but not see it in the log afterwards.

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• Unable to force Debian to do unattended install... libc6 wants interactive confirm

  - by JD Long

  I'm trying to create a script that forces a Debian Lenny install to install the latest version of CRAN R. During the install it appears libc6 is upgraded and the install wants interactive confirm that it's OK to restart three services (mysql, exim4, cron). This process HAS to be unattended as it runs on Amazon's Elastic Map Reduce (EMR) machines. But I'm running out of options. Here's a few things I've tried: This previous question appears to be exactly what I'm looking for. So I set up my install script as follows: # set my CRAN repos... yes, I know there's a new convention where to put these. echo "deb http://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/debian lenny-cran/" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list echo "deb-src http://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/debian lenny-cran/" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list # set the dpkg.cfg options per the previous SuperUser question echo "force-confold" | sudo tee -a /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg echo "force-confdef" | sudo tee -a /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive # add key to keyring so it doesn't complain gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-key 381BA480 gpg -a --export 381BA480 > jranke_cran.asc sudo apt-key add jranke_cran.asc sudo apt-get update # install the latest R sudo apt-get install --yes --force-yes r-base But this script hangs with the following request for input: OK, so I tried stopping the services using the following script: sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop sudo /etc/init.d/exim4 stop sudo /etc/init.d/cron stop sudo apt-get install --yes --force-yes libc6 This does not work and the interactive screen comes back, but this time with only cron listed as the service that must be restarted. So is there a way to make libc6 just restart these services with no user input? Or is there a way to stop cron so it does not cause an interactive prompt? Maybe a creative option I've never thought of? Keep in mind that this system is brought up, some Hadoop code is run, and then it's torn down. So I can put up with side effects and bad behavior that we might not want in a production desktop machine or web server.

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• Exclude list of specific files in wget

  - by nanker

  I am trying to download a lot of pages from a website on dial-up and it can be brutally slow. I have almost got the perfect wget command, but because I'm downloading pages from the same site wget wastes times downloading the same standard images for each page. If I know the name of the default page images, is there any way to have wget ignore and thus avoid downloading those for each and every page? Here is an example of one of the wget commands that my shell script generates into another shell script to download all of the pages: mkdir candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool cd candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool wget -p -nd -A jpg,html -k http://www.teachpreschool.org/2011/12/candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool/ wget -c --random-wait --timeout=30 --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.3) Gecko/2008092416 Firefox/3.0.3" http://www.teachpreschool.org/2011/12/candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool/ -O "candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool" rm Baby-and-Toddler.jpg Childrens-Books.jpg Creative-Art.jpg Felt-Fun.jpg Happy_Rainbow-e1338766526528.jpg index.html Language-and-Literacy.jpg Light-table-Button.jpg Math.jpg Outdoor-Play.jpg outer-jacket1-300x153.jpg preschoolspot-button-small.jpg robots.txt Science-and-Nature.jpg Signature-2.jpg Story-Telling.jpg Tags-on-Preschool.jpg Teaching-Two-and-Three-Year-olds.jpg cd ../ Now I realize the script is not likely as savvy as it could be but it is doing what I need at the moment except that you can see from the rm command that I would just like to prevent wget from downloading the files in the first place if possible. I almost forgot to mention, there are two wget commands and that is because the first one downloads the page as index.html and for some reason it does not open in my browser, however, when I open it and look at it in vim all of the page's content is there, so I am not sure why it does not open. But if I just issue the second wget command as it is then that page, same file really with an alternate name, opens up fine. Something that if I could fix would also help to streamline the process.

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• How to send email from home ip when the email server isn't a designated outbound mail server allocated to BT Retail customers [on hold]

  - by Mr Shoubs

  (I am sys admin!) I can receive email, but when I try to send an email from my home office via our work email server I get the following reply: Your message did not reach some or all of the intended recipients. Subject: Test Sent: 19/08/2014 17:02 The following recipient(s) cannot be reached: 'Joe Blogs' on 19/08/2014 17:02 Server error: '554 5.7.1 Service unavailable; Client host [my-ip-here] blocked using zen.spamhaus.org; http://www.spamhaus.org/query/bl?ip=my-ip-here' I went to that URL and it says the following: Ref: PBL231588 81.152.0.0/13 is listed on the Policy Block List (PBL) Outbound Email Policy of BT Retail for this IP range: It is the policy of BT Retail that unauthenticated email sent from this IP address should be sent out only via the designated outbound mail server allocated to BT Retail customers. Please consult the following URL for details on how to configure your email client appropriately. http://btybb.custhelp.com/cgi-bin/btybb.cfg/php/enduser/cci/bty_adp.php?p_sid=fPnV4zhj&p_faqid=6876 Removal Procedure Removal of IP addresses within this range from the PBL is not allowed by the netblock owner's policy. Going to this URL just says: This site has been disabled for the time being. Does anyone know what I should do to allow me to send emails from my home ip - the site suggests I can configure my email client? (note that I have configured the client to use smtp authentication)

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• ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

  - by rick

  Firstly, I know that this question has been asked a million times, and I have read everything I can find and still cannot fix the problem. i am encountering this issue when ssh'ing in from my mac to my Ubuntu server on a fresh install of Ubuntu (I reinstalled because of this issue). I have SSH portmapped to 7070 because my ISP is blocking 22. On the client: bash: ssh -p 7070 -v me@address.org debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: Connecting to address.org port 7070. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/me/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/me/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/me/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host Here's what I have done to try to resolve the issue: Made sure my maxstartups is ok: bash: grep MaxStartups /etc/ssh/sshd_config #MaxStartups 10:30:60 Made sure hosts.deny is clear of denials. Made sure hosts.allow has my client IP. Clear out known_hosts on client Changed ownership of /var/run to root Made sure etc/run/ssh is Made sure /var/empty exists Reinstall openssh-server Reinstall ubuntu When I run telnet localhost, I get this: telnet localhost Trying ::1... Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused When I run /usr/sbin/sshd -t Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key When I regenerate the keys with ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key I get the same error. I am pretty sure this is the issue. Can anyone help?

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