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  • Python and urllib2: how to make a GET request with parameters

    - by Infinity
    I'm building an "API API", it basically a wrapper for a in house REST web service that the web app will be making a lot of requests to. Some of the web service calls need to be GET rather than post, but passing parameters. Is there a "best practice" way to encode a dictionary into a query string? e.g.: ?foo=bar&bla=blah I'm looking at the urllib2 docs, and it looks like it decides by itself wether to use POST or GET based on if you pass params or not, but maybe someone knows how to make it transform the params dictionary into a GET request. Maybe there's a package for something like this out there? It would be great if it supported keep-alive, as the web server will be constantly requesting things from the REST service. Thanks!

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  • Best practice for string substition with gettext using Python

    - by Malcolm
    Looking for best practice advice on what string substitution technique to use when using gettext(). Or do all techniques apply equally? I can think of at least 3 string techniques: Classic "%" based formatting: "My name is %(name)s" % locals() .format() based formatting: "My name is {name}".format( locals() ) string.Template.safe_substitute() import string template = string.Template( "My name is ${name}" ) template.safe_substitute( locals() ) The advantage of the string.Template technique is that a translated string with with an incorrectly spelled variable reference can still yield a usable string value while the other techniques unconditionally raise an exception. The downside of the string.Template technique appears to be the inability for one to customize how a variable is formatted (padding, justification, width, etc).

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  • what does "from MODULE import _" do in python?

    - by Paul
    Hi all, In the Getting things gnome code base I stumbled upon this import statement from GTG import _ and have no idea what it means, never seen this in the documentation and a quick so / google search didn't turn anything up. Thank you all in advance Paul

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  • Assign to a slice of a Python list from a lambda

    - by Bushman
    I know that there are certain "special" methods of various objects that represent operations that would normally be performed with operators (i.e. int.__add__ for +, object.__eq__ for ==, etc.), and that one of them is list.__setitem, which can assign a value to a list element. However, I need a function that can assign a list into a slice of another list. Basically, I'm looking for the expression equivalent of some_list[2:4] = [2, 3].

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  • Python: Problem Importing Function From Another Module

    - by Rafid K. Abdullah
    I have a module called nbemail.py and in this module I want to use the function package_post defined in the module main.py. I am using this statement: from api.main import package_post But I am getting this error: ImportError: cannot import name package_post I really don't know why I am getting this error! I do have _init_.py files in the api directory (which contains the files nbemail.py and main.py) and I do have the function package_post defined in main.py. Any idea to help fixing this problem?

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  • Sending http headers with python

    - by Niklas R
    I've set up a little script that should feed a client with html. import socket sock = socket.socket() sock.bind(('', 8080)) sock.listen(5) client, adress = sock.accept() print "Incoming:", adress print client.recv(1024) print client.send("Content-Type: text/html\n\n") client.send('<html><body></body></html>') print "Answering ..." print "Finished." import os os.system("pause") But it is shown as plain text in the browser. Can you please tell what I need to do ? I just can't find something in google that helps me.. Thanks.

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  • Invalid syntax in this simple Python application.

    - by Sergio Boombastic
    Getting an invalid syntax when creating the template_value variable: class MainPage(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): blogPosts_query = BlogPost.all().order('-postDate') blogPosts = blogPosts_query.fetch(10) if users.get_current_user(): url = users.create_logout_url(self.request.uri) url_linktext = 'Logout' else: url = url = users.create_login_url(self.request.uri) url_linktext = 'Login' template_value = ( 'blogPosts': blogPosts, 'url': url, 'url_linktext': url_linktext, ) path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'index.html') self.response.out.write(template.render(path, template_values)) The error fires specifically on the 'blogPosts': blogPosts line. What am I doing wrong? Thanks!

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  • Python - counting sign changes

    - by dadashek
    I have a list of numbers I am reading left to right. Anytime I encounter a sign change when reading the sequence I want to count it. X = [-3,2,7,-4,1,-1,1,6,-1,0,-2,1] X = [-, +, +, -, +, -, +, +, -, -,-,+] So, in this list there are 8 sign changes. When Item [0] (in this case -3) is negative it is considered a sign change. Also, any 0 in the list is considered [-]. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • python sending incomplete data over socket

    - by tipu
    I have this socket server script, import SocketServer import shelve import zlib class MyTCPHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): self.words = shelve.open('/home/tipu/Dropbox/dev/workspace/search/words.db', 'r'); self.tweets = shelve.open('/home/tipu/Dropbox/dev/workspace/search/tweets.db', 'r'); param = self.request.recv(1024).strip() try: result = str(self.words[param]) except KeyError: result = "set()" self.request.send(str(result)) if __name__ == "__main__": HOST, PORT = "localhost", 50007 SocketServer.TCPServer.allow_reuse_address = True server = SocketServer.TCPServer((HOST, PORT), MyTCPHandler) server.serve_forever() And this receiver, from django.http import HttpResponse from django.template import Context, loader import shelve import zlib import socket def index(req, param = ''): HOST = 'localhost' PORT = 50007 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect((HOST, PORT)) s.send(param) data = zlib.decompress(s.recv(131072)) s.close() print 'Received', repr(data) t = loader.get_template('index.html') c = Context({ 'foo' : data }) return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) I am sending strings to the receiver that are in the hundreds of kilobytes. I end up only receiving a portion of it. Is there a way that I can fix that so that the whole string is sent?

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  • super() in Python 2.x without args

    - by Slava Vishnyakov
    Trying to convert super(B, self).method() into a simple nice bubble() call. Did it, see below! Is it possible to get reference to class B in this example? class A(object): pass class B(A): def test(self): test2() class C(B): pass import inspect def test2(): frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back cls = frame.[?something here?] # cls here should == B (class) c = C() c.test() Basically, C is child of B, B is child of A. Then we create c of type C. Then the call to c.test() actually calls B.test() (via inheritance), which calls to test2(). test2() can get the parent frame frame; code reference to method via frame.f_code; self via frame.f_locals['self']; but type(frame.f_locals['self']) is C (of course), but not B, where method is defined. Any way to get B?

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  • python gui events out of order

    - by dave
    from Tkinter import * from tkMessageBox import * class Gui: def __init__(self, root): self.container = Frame(root) self.container.grid() self.inputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8) self.outputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8, bg='#E0E0E0', state=DISABLED) self.inputText.grid(row=0, column=0) self.outputText.grid(row=0, column=1) self.inputText.bind("<Key>", self.translate) def translate(self, event): input = self.inputText.get(0.0, END) output = self.outputText.get(0.0, END) self.outputText.config(state=NORMAL) self.outputText.delete(0.0, END) self.outputText.insert(INSERT, input) self.outputText.config(state=DISABLED) showinfo(message="Input: %s characters\nOutput: %s characters" % (len(input), len(input))) root = Tk() #toplevel object app = Gui(root) #call to the class where gui is defined root.mainloop() #enter event loop Working on a gui in tkinter I'm a little confused as to the sequence the event handlers are run. If you run the above code you'll hopefully see... 1) Editing the text widget triggers the event handler but it seems to fire it off without registering the actual change, 2) Even when the text widget is cleared (ie, keep pressing BackSpace) it still seems to have a one character length string, 3) The output widget only receives its update when the NEXT event trigger is fired despite the fact the data came on the previous event. Is this just how bindings work in tkinter or am i missing something here? The behaviour i would like when updating the input widget is: 1) Show the change, 2) Enter event handler, 3) Update output widget, 4) Show message box.

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  • A list vs. tuple situation in Python

    - by Alphonse
    Is there a situation where the use of a list leads to an error, and you must use a tuple instead? I know something about the properties of both tuples and lists, but not enough to find out the answer to this question. If the question would be the other way around, it would be that lists can be adjusted but tuples don't.

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  • Python: Convert format string to regular expression

    - by miracle2k
    The users of my app can configure the layout of certain files via a format string. For example, the config value the user specifies might be: layout = '%(group)s/foo-%(locale)s/file.txt' I now need to find all such files that already exist. This seems easy enough using the glob module: glob_pattern = layout % {'group': '*', 'locale': '*'} glob.glob(glob_pattern) However, now comes the hard part: Given the list of glob results, I need to get all those filename-parts that matched a given placeholder, for example all the different "locale" values. I thought I would generate a regular expression for the format string that I could then match against the list of glob results (or then possibly skipping glob and doing all the matching myself). But I can't find a nice way to create the regex with both the proper group captures, and escaping the rest of the input. For example, this might give me a regex that matches the locales: regex = layout % {'group': '.*', 'locale': (.*)} But to be sure the regex is valid, I need to pass it through re.escape(), which then also escapes the regex syntax I have just inserted. Calling re.escape() first ruins the format string. I know there's fnmatch.translate(), which would even give me a regex - but not one that returns the proper groups. Is there a good way to do this, without a hack like replacing the placeholders with a regex-safe unique value etc.? Is there possibly some way (a third party library perhaps?) that allows dissecting a format string in a more flexible way, for example splitting the string at the placeholder locations?

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  • Working with OAuth on Google with Python

    - by Dan Loewenherz
    I'm having a very frustrating time creating a valid signature for Google's OAuth implementation. I have narrowed it all down to the fact that my signature-generation code has an error of some sort; what it is I have no idea. This is the signature base string in its entirety: GET&https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2FOAuthGetAccessToken&oauth_consumer_key%3Ddlosplayground.appspot.com%26oauth_nonce%3D72815d55697cb24301fab03e1f7f1d66%26oauth_signature_method%3DHMAC-SHA1%26oauth_timestamp%3D1274327867%26oauth_token%3D4%252FX2cZ54JuseQbgRwzTBzZ7lqIwqof%26oauth_verifier%3Dihf0F2Fx%252FpnCmwbVQnk2xMre%26oauth_version%3D1.0 The OAuth Playground returns an oauth_signature of gF8qAfWjpdKjKb4KR%2FvA2Gy0vhU%3D. My code gives me ikMpIKJQJ58jseg%2BKPBTecjmYPE%3D, so obviously I'm doing something wrong. Here's my signature generation code (equivalent to that of the standard oauth.py library): binascii.b2a_base64(hmac.new(CONSUMER_SECRET, BASE_STRING, hashlib.sha1).digest())[:-1] Any thoughts?

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  • Youtube python: get thumbnail

    - by dkgirl
    Is there a simple way to get the default thumbnail from a youtube entry object gdata.youtube.YouTubeVideoEntry? I tried entry.media.thumbnail, but that gives me four thumbnail objects. Can I always trust that there are four? Can I know which is the default thumbnail that would also appears on the youtube search page? And how would I get that one? Or do I have to alter one of the other ones? When I know the video_id I use: http://i4.ytimg.com/vi/{{video_id}}/default.jpg so, it would also be helpful to get the video_id. Do I really have to parse one of the url's to get at the video_id ? It seems strange that they don't provide this information directly.

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  • How to add columns to sqlite3 python?

    - by user291071
    I know this is simple but I can't get it working! I have no probs with insert,update or select commands, Lets say I have a dictionary and I want to populate a table with the column names in the dictionary what is wrong with my one line where I add a column? ##create con = sqlite3.connect('linksauthor.db') c = con.cursor() c.execute('''create table linksauthor (links text)''') con.commit() c.close() ##populate author columns allauthors={'joe':1,'bla':2,'mo':3} con = sqlite3.connect('linksauthor.db') c = con.cursor() for author in allauthors: print author print type(author) c.execute("alter table linksauthor add column '%s' 'float'")%author ##what is wrong here? con.commit() c.close()

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  • python conditional list creation from 2D lists

    - by dls
    Say I've got a list of lists. Say the inner list of three elements in size and looks like this: ['apple', 'fruit', 1.23] The outer list looks like this data = [['apple', 'fruit', 1.23], ['pear', 'fruit', 2.34], ['lettuce', 'vegetable', 3.45]] I want to iterate through the outer list and cull data for a temporary list only in the case that element 1 matches some keyword (aka: 'fruit'). So, if I'm matching fruit, I would end up with this: tempList = [('apple', 1.23), ('pear', 2.34)] This is one way to accomplish this: tempList = [] for i in data: if i[1] == 'fruit': tempList.append(i[0], i[2]) is there some 'Pythonic' way to do this in fewer lines?

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  • Load resources? - wxPython / Python

    - by Francisco Aleixo
    Hello everyone. I am using wxPython and Py2exe to create my application and my only problem is loading for example bitmaps. Ok so lets say I want to add an image to my application, and thats fairly easy using wxPython, and lets say it is on the same directory of my .py so for example: image = wx.StaticBitmap(self, -1, wx.Bitmap('image.bmp') Now, this works obviously fine, problem is when I convert to Py2exe, I would like to use the resources from the dlls that I included in the Py2Exe compilation. So basically what I want to do is to instead of including the images on the same folder as my application in order to work, I would like to use it from the resources so people won't see the images on the folder.

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  • Python urllib2 multiple try statement on urlopen()

    - by Kura
    So, simply I want to be able to run a for across a list of URLs, if one fails then I want to continue on to try the next. I've tried using the following but sadly it throws and exception if the first URL doesn't work. servers = ('http://www.google.com', 'http://www.stackoverflow.com') for server in servers: try: u = urllib2.urlopen(server) except urllib2.URLError: continue else: break else: raise Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • Python ZSI : error while serializing an object ?

    - by KaluSingh Gabbar
    this is the code, I get error that it can not serialize reference (sumReq) sumReqClass = GED("http://www.some-service.com/sample", "getSumRequest").pyclass sumReq = sumReqClass() rq = GetSumSoapIn() sum._sumReqObj = sumReq rs=proxy.GetSum(rq, soapheaders=[credentials]) I get error : TypeError: bad usage, failed to serialize element reference (http://www.some-service.com/sample, getSumRequest), in: /SOAP-ENV:Body

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  • searching a list of tuples in python

    - by hdx
    So I have a list of tuple like: [(1,"juca"),(22,"james"),(53,"xuxa"),(44,"delicia")] I want this list for a tuple whose number value is equal to something. So that if I do search(53) it will return 2 Is is an easy way to do that?

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  • Python 2.6 + PIL + Google App Engine issue

    - by mswallace
    I am using OS X 1.6 snow leopard and I successfully got PIL installed. I am able to open terminal and type import Image without any errors. However, When using app engine I get Image error still saying that PIL is not installed. I am wondering if any of you have an thoughts as to how I can resolve this issue. -Matthew

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