electronic leasing process - Page 172

IBM Offers Secure Application Design Tools

New security offerings will deal with security issues during the application development process rather than after the app is done.

Convert project without introducing bugs

I have the C++ code of a exe which contains a UI and some process. My goal is to remove the UI so that I only have the process and to convert the exe into a dll. In order to do that, I am thinking of generating unit test before touching any code and then to do my modification and make sure the tests are not failing. The problem is that I am not sure if this is the best approach and if it is, is there a way to automatically generate unit test. BTW, I am using VS 2012. Do you have any guidance for me?

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Connecting to SQL Server in ASP.Net

In this article, I will explain the process of establishing the connection to SQL Server Database.

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Exception Errno::EPIPE in Passenger RequestHandler (Broken pipe)

- by Millisami

Hi, Upgraded to Rails 2.3.2 and Passenger 2.2.4 on Ubuntu hardy slice at slicehost with Apache2 I'm getting this same above discussed error in my Apache error.log of system /var/logs/apache2/ [ pid=4249 file=ext/apache2/Hooks.cpp:638 time=2009-07-04 11:47:32.752 ]: No data received from the backend application (process 4383) within 45000 msec. Either the backend application is frozen, or your TimeOut value of 45 seconds is too low. Please check whether your application is frozen, or increase the value of the TimeOut configuration directive. *** Exception Errno::EPIPE in Passenger RequestHandler (Broken pipe) (process 4391): from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/rack/request_handler.rb:93:in `write' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/rack/request_handler.rb:93:in `process_request' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_request_handler.rb:206:in `main_loop' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/railz/application_spawner.rb:376:in `start_request_handler' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/railz/application_spawner.rb:334:in `handle_spawn_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/utils.rb:182:in `safe_fork' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/railz/application_spawner.rb:332:in `handle_spawn_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:351:in `__send__' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:351:in `main_loop' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:195:in `start_synchronously' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:162:in `start' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/railz/application_spawner.rb:213:in `start' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb:261:in `spawn_rails_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb:126:in `lookup_or_add' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb:255:in `spawn_rails_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb:80:in `synchronize' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server_collection.rb:79:in `synchronize' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb:254:in `spawn_rails_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb:153:in `spawn_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/spawn_manager.rb:286:in `handle_spawn_application' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:351:in `__send__' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:351:in `main_loop' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/lib/ phusion_passenger/abstract_server.rb:195:in `start_synchronously' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/bin/passenger-spawn- server:61 *** Exception Errno::EPIPE in Passenger RequestHandler (Broken pipe) (process 4383): and these too. pid=4362 file=ext/apache2/Hooks.cpp:638 time=2009-07-04 11:55:19.251 ]: No data received from the backend application (process 4383) within 45000 msec. Either the backend application is frozen, or your TimeOut value of 45 seconds is too low. Please check whether your application is frozen, or increase the value of the TimeOut configuration directive. [ pid=4298 file=ext/apache2/Hooks.cpp:638 time=2009-07-04 11:55:19.255 ]: No data received from the backend application (process 4252) within 45000 msec. Either the backend application is frozen, or your TimeOut value of 45 seconds is too low. Please check whether your application is frozen, or increase the value of the TimeOut configuration directive. [Sat Jul 04 11:55:19 2009] [error] [client 86.96.226.13] Premature end of script headers: 41, referer: http://domain.com/ [ pid=4373 file=ext/apache2/Hooks.cpp:638 time=2009-07-04 11:55:19.559 ]: Its getting me mad and on the browser, sometimes its show and when refreshed, Application Error 500 shows up in frequent basis. any directions??

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Refresh QTextEdit in PyQt

- by Mark Underwood

Hi all, Im writing a PyQt app that takes some input in one widget, and then processes some text files. What ive got at the moment is when the user clicks the "process" button a seperate window with a QTextEdit in it pops up, and ouputs some logging messages. On Mac OS X this window is refreshed automatically and you cna see the process. On Windows, the window reports (Not Responding) and then once all the proccessing is done, the log output is shown. Im assuming I need to refresh the window after each write into the log, and ive had a look around at using a timer. etc, but havnt had much luck in getting it working. Below is the source code. It has two files, GUI.py which does all the GUI stuff and MOVtoMXF that does all the processing. GUI.py import os import sys import MOVtoMXF from PyQt4.QtCore import * from PyQt4.QtGui import * class Form(QDialog): def process(self): path = str(self.pathBox.displayText()) if(path == ''): QMessageBox.warning(self, "Empty Path", "You didnt fill something out.") return xmlFile = str(self.xmlFileBox.displayText()) if(xmlFile == ''): QMessageBox.warning(self, "No XML file", "You didnt fill something.") return outFileName = str(self.outfileNameBox.displayText()) if(outFileName == ''): QMessageBox.warning(self, "No Output File", "You didnt do something") return print path + " " + xmlFile + " " + outFileName mov1 = MOVtoMXF.MOVtoMXF(path, xmlFile, outFileName, self.log) self.log.show() rc = mov1.ScanFile() if( rc < 0): print "something happened" #self.done(0) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(Form, self).__init__(parent) self.log = Log() self.pathLabel = QLabel("P2 Path:") self.pathBox = QLineEdit("") self.pathBrowseB = QPushButton("Browse") self.pathLayout = QHBoxLayout() self.pathLayout.addStretch() self.pathLayout.addWidget(self.pathLabel) self.pathLayout.addWidget(self.pathBox) self.pathLayout.addWidget(self.pathBrowseB) self.xmlLabel = QLabel("FCP XML File:") self.xmlFileBox = QLineEdit("") self.xmlFileBrowseB = QPushButton("Browse") self.xmlLayout = QHBoxLayout() self.xmlLayout.addStretch() self.xmlLayout.addWidget(self.xmlLabel) self.xmlLayout.addWidget(self.xmlFileBox) self.xmlLayout.addWidget(self.xmlFileBrowseB) self.outFileLabel = QLabel("Save to:") self.outfileNameBox = QLineEdit("") self.outputFileBrowseB = QPushButton("Browse") self.outputLayout = QHBoxLayout() self.outputLayout.addStretch() self.outputLayout.addWidget(self.outFileLabel) self.outputLayout.addWidget(self.outfileNameBox) self.outputLayout.addWidget(self.outputFileBrowseB) self.exitButton = QPushButton("Exit") self.processButton = QPushButton("Process") self.buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout() #self.buttonLayout.addStretch() self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.exitButton) self.buttonLayout.addWidget(self.processButton) self.layout = QVBoxLayout() self.layout.addLayout(self.pathLayout) self.layout.addLayout(self.xmlLayout) self.layout.addLayout(self.outputLayout) self.layout.addLayout(self.buttonLayout) self.setLayout(self.layout) self.pathBox.setFocus() self.setWindowTitle("MOVtoMXF") self.connect(self.processButton, SIGNAL("clicked()"), self.process) self.connect(self.exitButton, SIGNAL("clicked()"), self, SLOT("reject()")) self.ConnectButtons() class Log(QTextEdit): def __init__(self, parent=None): super(Log, self).__init__(parent) self.timer = QTimer() self.connect(self.timer, SIGNAL("timeout()"), self.updateText()) self.timer.start(2000) def updateText(self): print "update Called" AND MOVtoMXF.py import os import sys import time import string import FileUtils import shutil import re class MOVtoMXF: #Class to do the MOVtoMXF stuff. def __init__(self, path, xmlFile, outputFile, edit): self.MXFdict = {} self.MOVDict = {} self.path = path self.xmlFile = xmlFile self.outputFile = outputFile self.outputDirectory = outputFile.rsplit('/',1) self.outputDirectory = self.outputDirectory[0] sys.stdout = OutLog( edit, sys.stdout) class OutLog(): def __init__(self, edit, out=None, color=None): """(edit, out=None, color=None) -> can write stdout, stderr to a QTextEdit. edit = QTextEdit out = alternate stream ( can be the original sys.stdout ) color = alternate color (i.e. color stderr a different color) """ self.edit = edit self.out = None self.color = color def write(self, m): if self.color: tc = self.edit.textColor() self.edit.setTextColor(self.color) #self.edit.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End) self.edit.insertPlainText( m ) if self.color: self.edit.setTextColor(tc) if self.out: self.out.write(m) self.edit.show() If any other code is needed (i think this is all that is needed) then just let me know. Any Help would be great. Mark

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Thread Synchronisation 101

- by taspeotis

Previously I've written some very simple multithreaded code, and I've always been aware that at any time there could be a context switch right in the middle of what I'm doing, so I've always guarded access the shared variables through a CCriticalSection class that enters the critical section on construction and leaves it on destruction. I know this is fairly aggressive and I enter and leave critical sections quite frequently and sometimes egregiously (e.g. at the start of a function when I could put the CCriticalSection inside a tighter code block) but my code doesn't crash and it runs fast enough. At work my multithreaded code needs to be a tighter, only locking/synchronising at the lowest level needed. At work I was trying to debug some multithreaded code, and I came across this: EnterCriticalSection(&m_Crit4); m_bSomeVariable = true; LeaveCriticalSection(&m_Crit4); Now, m_bSomeVariable is a Win32 BOOL (not volatile), which as far as I know is defined to be an int, and on x86 reading and writing these values is a single instruction, and since context switches occur on an instruction boundary then there's no need for synchronising this operation with a critical section. I did some more research online to see whether this operation did not need synchronisation, and I came up with two scenarios it did: The CPU implements out of order execution or the second thread is running on a different core and the updated value is not written into RAM for the other core to see; and The int is not 4-byte aligned. I believe number 1 can be solved using the "volatile" keyword. In VS2005 and later the C++ compiler surrounds access to this variable using memory barriers, ensuring that the variable is always completely written/read to the main system memory before using it. Number 2 I cannot verify, I don't know why the byte alignment would make a difference. I don't know the x86 instruction set, but does mov need to be given a 4-byte aligned address? If not do you need to use a combination of instructions? That would introduce the problem. So... QUESTION 1: Does using the "volatile" keyword (implicity using memory barriers and hinting to the compiler not to optimise this code) absolve a programmer from the need to synchronise a 4-byte/8-byte on x86/x64 variable between read/write operations? QUESTION 2: Is there the explicit requirement that the variable be 4-byte/8-byte aligned? I did some more digging into our code and the variables defined in the class: class CExample { private: CRITICAL_SECTION m_Crit1; // Protects variable a CRITICAL_SECTION m_Crit2; // Protects variable b CRITICAL_SECTION m_Crit3; // Protects variable c CRITICAL_SECTION m_Crit4; // Protects variable d // ... }; Now, to me this seems excessive. I thought critical sections synchronised threads between a process, so if you've got one you can enter it and no other thread in that process can execute. There is no need for a critical section for each variable you want to protect, if you're in a critical section then nothing else can interrupt you. I think the only thing that can change the variables from outside a critical section is if the process shares a memory page with another process (can you do that?) and the other process starts to change the values. Mutexes would also help here, named mutexes are shared across processes, or only processes of the same name? QUESTION 3: Is my analysis of critical sections correct, and should this code be rewritten to use mutexes? I have had a look at other synchronisation objects (semaphores and spinlocks), are they better suited here? QUESTION 4: Where are critical sections/mutexes/semaphores/spinlocks best suited? That is, which synchronisation problem should they be applied to. Is there a vast performance penalty for choosing one over the other? And while we're on it, I read that spinlocks should not be used in a single-core multithreaded environment, only a multi-core multithreaded environment. So, QUESTION 5: Is this wrong, or if not, why is it right? Thanks in advance for any responses :)

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how to redirect terminal contents to a jtextpane?

- by sonu thomas

hi.. I was trying to run a java class file using java code.The aim was to direct the executing sequence of the terminal of fedora 10 into a frame with a textpane. My code is: import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.swing.JDialog; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.JTextPane; //import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction; public class file { /** * @param args */ /** * @param args * @throws IOException */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ // TODO Auto-generated method stub JDialog jj = new JDialog(); jj.setTitle("helllo"); String sssub1,sssub2,sssub3; String ss="C:/Users/sonu/Desktop/ourIDE/src/src/nn.java"; JPanel n = new JPanel(); jj.setContentPane(n); JTextPane tpn2=new JTextPane(); jj.getContentPane().add(tpn2); jj.setVisible(true); Runtime runtime; Process process; if(ss.indexOf(" ")==-1) { try { runtime= Runtime.getRuntime(); sssub1="/home/ss/Desktop/src/"; sssub2="nn"; process=runtime.exec("sh jrun.sh "+sssub1+" "+sssub2); DataInputStream data=new DataInputStream(process.getInputStream()); DataInputStream data_data=new DataInputStream(process.getErrorStream()); String s="",t=""; int ch; while((ch=data.read())!=-1){ s=s+(char)ch; } data.close(); while((ch=data_data.read())!=-1){ t=t+(char)ch; } data_data.close(); if(t.equals("")) { s+="\nNormal Termination."; tpn2.setText(s); } else tpn2.setText(t); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Error executing file==>"+e);} } } } The content of **jrun.sh** is cd $1 java $2 When the content of **nn.java** was this: import java.io.*; class nn { public static void main(String[] ar)throws IOException { int i=90; BufferedReader dt = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("Enter"); //i=Integer.parseInt(dt.readLine()); line--notable System.out.println("i="+i); } } It worked smoothly But when I remove the comment on line--notable,it gave me Textpane with no content. The problem is : I cant read an input from nn.java Kindly give me a solution... If i am able to: get the terminal pop up with executing the nn.class,and i am able to enter the input,then it will do... Thanks in advance...

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powermock : ProcessBuilder redirectErrorStream giving nullPointerException

- by kaustubh9

I am using powermock to mock some native command invocation using process builder. the strange thing is these test pass sometimes and fail sometimes giving a NPE. Is this a powermock issue or some gotcha in the program. the snippet of the class under test is.. public void method1(String jsonString, String filename) { try { JSONObject jObj = new JSONObject(jsonString); JSONArray jArr = jObj.getJSONArray("something"); String cmd = "/home/y/bin/perl <perlscript>.pl<someConstant>" + " -k " + <someConstant> + " -t " + <someConstant>; cmd += vmArr.getJSONObject(i).getString("jsonKey"); ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("bash", "-c", cmd); pb.redirectErrorStream(false); Process shell = pb.start(); shell.waitFor(); if (shell.exitValue() != 0) { throw new RuntimeException("Error in Collecting the logs. cmd="+cmd); } StringBuilder error = new StringBuilder(); InputStream iError = shell.getErrorStream(); BufferedReader bfr = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(iError)); String line = null; while ((line = bfr.readLine()) != null) { error.append(line + "\n"); } if (!error.toString().isEmpty()) { LOGGER.error(error`enter code here`); } iError.close(); bfr.close(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } and the unit test case is .. @PrepareForTest( {.class, ProcessBuilder.class,Process.class, InputStream.class,InputStreamReader.class, BufferedReader.class} ) @Test(sequential=true) public class TestClass { @Test(groups = {"unit"}) public void testMethod() { try { ProcessBuilder prBuilderMock = createMock(ProcessBuilder.class); Process processMock = createMock(Process.class); InputStream iStreamMock = createMock(InputStream.class); InputStreamReader iStrRdrMock = createMock(InputStreamReader.class); BufferedReader bRdrMock = createMock(BufferedReader.class); String errorStr =" Error occured"; String json = <jsonStringInput>; String cmd = "/home/y/bin/perl <perlscript>.pl -k "+<someConstant>+" -t "+<someConstant>+" "+<jsonValue>; expectNew(ProcessBuilder.class, "bash", "-c", cmd).andReturn(prBuilderMock); expect(prBuilderMock.redirectErrorStream(false)).andReturn(prBuilderMock); expect(prBuilderMock.start()).andReturn(processMock); expect(processMock.waitFor()).andReturn(0); expect(processMock.exitValue()).andReturn(0); expect(processMock.getErrorStream()).andReturn(iStreamMock); expectNew(InputStreamReader.class, iStreamMock) .andReturn(iStrRdrMock); expectNew(BufferedReader.class, iStrRdrMock) .andReturn(bRdrMock); expect(bRdrMock.readLine()).andReturn(errorStr); expect(bRdrMock.readLine()).andReturn(null); iStreamMock.close(); bRdrMock.close(); expectLastCall().once(); replayAll(); <ClassToBeTested> instance = new <ClassToBeTested>(); instance.method1(json, fileName); verifyAll(); } catch (Exception e) { Assert.fail("failed while collecting log.", e); } } I get an error on execution an the test case fails.. Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:438) Note : I do not get this error on all executions. Sometimes it passes and sometimes it fails. I am not able to understand this behavior.

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How do you place an Excel Sheet/Workbook onto a C# .NET Winform?

- by incognick

I am trying to create a stand alone application in Visual Studio 2008 C# .Net that will house Excel Workbooks (2007). I am using Office.Interop in order to create the Excel application and I open the workbooks via Workbooks.Open(...). The Interop does not provide any functionality to "move" the workbooks onto a form so I turned to P/Invoke Win32 library. I am able to move the entire excel application onto a WinForm with great success: // pseudo code to give you the idea excel = new Excel.ApplicationClass(); SetParent(excel.Hwnd, form.handle); This allows me to customize the form and control user input. All right click commands and formula editing work properly. Now, the issue I run into is when I want to open two workbooks in two separate forms. I do this by creating two excel application classes and placing each of those in their own form. When I try to reference one workbook to another workbook via =[Book2]Sheet1!A1, for example, it does not update. This is expected as each application is running under its own thread/process. Here are the alternatives I have tried. If you have any suggestions I would be greatly appreciative.(OLE is not an option. VSTO must be available) Create a single application class and move the workbook window into my form. Results: The window moves into my form and displays correctly, however, no right click or left click works on the form and it never gains focus. (I have tried to manually set focus and it does not work either). My guess is, by moving the window outside of the XLDESK application (viewable in Spy++ for Excel Application), the workbook application (EXCEL7) does not receive the correct window messages to gain focus and to behave properly. This leads me to: Move the XLDESK window handle into my form. Results: This allows the workbook to be click-able again but also has an undesired result of moving all child windows into the same form. Create a main excel application that creates workbooks. Create a new excel application for each new window. Move the workbook under the new excel application XLDESK window. Results: This also has the same effect of the 1st option. Unable to click in the workbook. This must mean that the thread that created the workbook is also responsible for the events. Create a windows hook that watches the WndProc procedure. Results: No events watched. The targeted thread must export the hook proc in a DLL export call. Excel does not do this and thus you cannot inject into it's DLL (unless someone can prove me wrong). I am able to watch all threads within my own process but not from an outside process. Excel is created as a separate process. Subclass NativeWindow. Results: Same as #4. After I move the window into my form, all events are captured up until the mouse is directly over the excel sheet making the sheet seem unclickable. One idea I haven't tried yet is just to continually save the excel sheet as the user edits it. This should update all references but I would feel this would cause poor system performance. There will be numerous chart references as well and I'm not sure if this solution would cause problems further down the road. I think in the end, all the workbooks need to be created by the same Excel Application and then moved to get the desired results but I can't seem to find the correct way to move the windows without disabling the user input in the process. Any suggestions?

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Do you know of a C macro to compute Unix time and date?

- by Alexis Wilke

I'm wondering if someone knows/has a C macro to compute a static Unix time from a hard coded date and time as in: time_t t = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(2012, 5, 10, 9, 26, 13); I'm looking into that because I want to have a numeric static timestamp. This will be done hundred of times throughout the software, each time with a different date, and I want to make sure it is fast because it will run hundreds of times every second. Converting dates that many times would definitively slow down things (i.e. calling mktime() is slower than having a static number compiled in place, right?) [made an update to try to render this paragraph clearer, Nov 23, 2012] Update I want to clarify the question with more information about the process being used. As my server receives requests, for each request, it starts a new process. That process is constantly updated with new plugins and quite often such updates require a database update. Those must be run only once. To know whether an update is necessary, I want to use a Unix date (which is better than using a counter because a counter is much more likely to break once in a while.) The plugins will thus receive an update signal and have their on_update() function called. There I want to do something like this: void some_plugin::on_update(time_t last_update) { if(last_update < UNIX_TIMESTAMP(2010, 3, 22, 20, 9, 26)) { ...run update... } if(last_update < UNIX_TIMESTAMP(2012, 5, 10, 9, 26, 13)) { ...run update... } // as many test as required... } As you can see, if I have to compute the unix timestamp each time, this could represent thousands of calls per process and if you receive 100 hits a second x 1000 calls, you wasted 100,000 calls when you could have had the compiler compute those numbers once at compile time. Putting the value in a static variable is of no interest because this code will run once per process run. Note that the last_update variable changes depending on the website being hit (it comes from the database.) Code Okay, I got the code now: // helper (Days in February) #define _SNAP_UNIX_TIMESTAMP_FDAY(year) \ (((year) % 400) == 0 ? 29LL : \ (((year) % 100) == 0 ? 28LL : \ (((year) % 4) == 0 ? 29LL : \ 28LL))) // helper (Days in the year) #define _SNAP_UNIX_TIMESTAMP_YDAY(year, month, day) \ ( \ /* January */ static_cast<qint64>(day) \ /* February */ + ((month) >= 2 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* March */ + ((month) >= 3 ? _SNAP_UNIX_TIMESTAMP_FDAY(year) : 0LL) \ /* April */ + ((month) >= 4 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* May */ + ((month) >= 5 ? 30LL : 0LL) \ /* June */ + ((month) >= 6 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* July */ + ((month) >= 7 ? 30LL : 0LL) \ /* August */ + ((month) >= 8 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* September */+ ((month) >= 9 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* October */ + ((month) >= 10 ? 30LL : 0LL) \ /* November */ + ((month) >= 11 ? 31LL : 0LL) \ /* December */ + ((month) >= 12 ? 30LL : 0LL) \ ) #define SNAP_UNIX_TIMESTAMP(year, month, day, hour, minute, second) \ ( /* time */ static_cast<qint64>(second) \ + static_cast<qint64>(minute) * 60LL \ + static_cast<qint64>(hour) * 3600LL \ + /* year day (month + day) */ (_SNAP_UNIX_TIMESTAMP_YDAY(year, month, day) - 1) * 86400LL \ + /* year */ (static_cast<qint64>(year) - 1970LL) * 31536000LL \ + ((static_cast<qint64>(year) - 1969LL) / 4LL) * 86400LL \ - ((static_cast<qint64>(year) - 1901LL) / 100LL) * 86400LL \ + ((static_cast<qint64>(year) - 1601LL) / 400LL) * 86400LL ) WARNING: Do not use these macros to dynamically compute a date. It is SLOWER than mktime(). This being said, if you have a hard coded date, then the compiler will compute the time_t value at compile time. Slower to compile, but faster to execute over and over again.

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hosting simple python scripts in a container to handle concurrency, configuration, caching, etc.

- by Justin Grant

My first real-world Python project is to write a simple framework (or re-use/adapt an existing one) which can wrap small python scripts (which are used to gather custom data for a monitoring tool) with a "container" to handle boilerplate tasks like: fetching a script's configuration from a file (and keeping that info up to date if the file changes and handle decryption of sensitive config data) running multiple instances of the same script in different threads instead of spinning up a new process for each one expose an API for caching expensive data and storing persistent state from one script invocation to the next Today, script authors must handle the issues above, which usually means that most script authors don't handle them correctly, causing bugs and performance problems. In addition to avoiding bugs, we want a solution which lowers the bar to create and maintain scripts, especially given that many script authors may not be trained programmers. Below are examples of the API I've been thinking of, and which I'm looking to get your feedback about. A scripter would need to build a single method which takes (as input) the configuration that the script needs to do its job, and either returns a python object or calls a method to stream back data in chunks. Optionally, a scripter could supply methods to handle startup and/or shutdown tasks. HTTP-fetching script example (in pseudocode, omitting the actual data-fetching details to focus on the container's API): def run (config, context, cache) : results = http_library_call (config.url, config.http_method, config.username, config.password, ...) return { html : results.html, status_code : results.status, headers : results.response_headers } def init(config, context, cache) : config.max_threads = 20 # up to 20 URLs at one time (per process) config.max_processes = 3 # launch up to 3 concurrent processes config.keepalive = 1200 # keep process alive for 10 mins without another call config.process_recycle.requests = 1000 # restart the process every 1000 requests (to avoid leaks) config.kill_timeout = 600 # kill the process if any call lasts longer than 10 minutes Database-data fetching script example might look like this (in pseudocode): def run (config, context, cache) : expensive = context.cache["something_expensive"] for record in db_library_call (expensive, context.checkpoint, config.connection_string) : context.log (record, "logDate") # log all properties, optionally specify name of timestamp property last_date = record["logDate"] context.checkpoint = last_date # persistent checkpoint, used next time through def init(config, context, cache) : cache["something_expensive"] = get_expensive_thing() def shutdown(config, context, cache) : expensive = cache["something_expensive"] expensive.release_me() Is this API appropriately "pythonic", or are there things I should do to make this more natural to the Python scripter? (I'm more familiar with building C++/C#/Java APIs so I suspect I'm missing useful Python idioms.) Specific questions: is it natural to pass a "config" object into a method and ask the callee to set various configuration options? Or is there another preferred way to do this? when a callee needs to stream data back to its caller, is a method like context.log() (see above) appropriate, or should I be using yield instead? (yeild seems natural, but I worry it'd be over the head of most scripters) My approach requires scripts to define functions with predefined names (e.g. "run", "init", "shutdown"). Is this a good way to do it? If not, what other mechanism would be more natural? I'm passing the same config, context, cache parameters into every method. Would it be better to use a single "context" parameter instead? Would it be better to use global variables instead? Finally, are there existing libraries you'd recommend to make this kind of simple "script-running container" easier to write?

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java ioexception error=24 too many files open

- by MattS

I'm writing a genetic algorithm that needs to read/write lots of files. The fitness test for the GA is invoking a program called gradif, which takes a file as input and produces a file as output. Everything is working except when I make the population size and/or the total number of generations of the genetic algorithm too large. Then, after so many generations, I start getting this: java.io.FileNotFoundException: testfiles/GradifOut29 (Too many open files). (I get it repeatedly for many different files, the index 29 was just the one that came up first last time I ran it). It's strange because I'm not getting the error after the first or second generation, but after a significant amount of generations, which would suggest that each generation opens up more files that it doesn't close. But as far as I can tell I'm closing all of the files. The way the code is set up is the main() function is in the Population class, and the Population class contains an array of Individuals. Here's my code: Initial creation of input files (they're random access so that I could reuse the same file across multiple generations) files = new RandomAccessFile[popSize]; for(int i=0; i<popSize; i++){ files[i] = new RandomAccessFile("testfiles/GradifIn"+i, "rw"); } At the end of the entire program: for(int i=0; i<individuals.length; i++){ files[i].close(); } Inside the Individual's fitness test: FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream("testfiles/GradifIn"+index); FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("testfiles/GradifOut"+index); Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec ("./gradif"); OutputStream stdin = process.getOutputStream(); InputStream stdout = process.getInputStream(); Then, later.... try{ fin.close(); fout.close(); stdin.close(); stdout.close(); process.getErrorStream().close(); }catch (IOException ioe){ ioe.printStackTrace(); } Then, afterwards, I append an 'END' to the files to make parsing them easier. FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("testfiles/GradifOut"+index, true); writer.write("END"); try{ writer.close(); }catch(IOException ioe){ ioe.printStackTrace(); } My redirection of stdin and stdout for gradif are from this answer. I tried using the try{close()}catch{} syntax to see if there was a problem with closing any of the files (there wasn't), and I got that from this answer. It should also be noted that the Individuals' fitness tests run concurrently. UPDATE: I've actually been able to narrow it down to the exec() call. In my most recent run, I first ran in to trouble at generation 733 (with a population size of 100). Why are the earlier generations fine? I don't understand why, if there's no leaking, the algorithm should be able to pass earlier generations but fail on later generations. And if there is leaking, then where is it coming from? UPDATE2: In trying to figure out what's going on here, I would like to be able to see (preferably in real-time) how many files the JVM has open at any given point. Is there an easy way to do that?

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European Interoperability Framework - a new beginning?

- by trond-arne.undheim

The most controversial document in the history of the European Commission's IT policy is out. EIF is here, wrapped in the Communication "Towards interoperability for European public services", and including the new feature European Interoperability Strategy (EIS), arguably a higher strategic take on the same topic. Leaving EIS aside for a moment, the EIF controversy has been around IPR, defining open standards and about the proper terminology around standardization deliverables. Today, as the document finally emerges, what is the verdict? First of all, to be fair to those among you who do not spend your lives in the intricate labyrinths of Commission IT policy documents on interoperability, let's define what we are talking about. According to the Communication: "An interoperability framework is an agreed approach to interoperability for organisations that want to collaborate to provide joint delivery of public services. Within its scope of applicability, it specifies common elements such as vocabulary, concepts, principles, policies, guidelines, recommendations, standards, specifications and practices." The Good - EIF reconfirms that "The Digital Agenda can only take off if interoperability based on standards and open platforms is ensured" and also confirms that "The positive effect of open specifications is also demonstrated by the Internet ecosystem." - EIF takes a productive and pragmatic stance on openness: "In the context of the EIF, openness is the willingness of persons, organisations or other members of a community of interest to share knowledge and stimulate debate within that community, the ultimate goal being to advance knowledge and the use of this knowledge to solve problems" (p.11). "If the openness principle is applied in full: - All stakeholders have the same possibility of contributing to the development of the specification and public review is part of the decision-making process; - The specification is available for everybody to study; - Intellectual property rights related to the specification are licensed on FRAND terms or on a royalty-free basis in a way that allows implementation in both proprietary and open source software" (p. 26). - EIF is a formal Commission document. The former EIF 1.0 was a semi-formal deliverable from the PEGSCO, a working group of Member State representatives. - EIF tackles interoperability head-on and takes a clear stance: "Recommendation 22. When establishing European public services, public administrations should prefer open specifications, taking due account of the coverage of functional needs, maturity and market support." - The Commission will continue to support the National Interoperability Framework Observatory (NIFO), reconfirming the importance of coordinating such approaches across borders. - The Commission will align its internal interoperability strategy with the EIS through the eCommission initiative. - One cannot stress the importance of using open standards enough, whether in the context of open source or non-open source software. The EIF seems to have picked up on this fact: What does the EIF says about the relation between open specifications and open source software? The EIF introduces, as one of the characteristics of an open specification, the requirement that IPRs related to the specification have to be licensed on FRAND terms or on a royalty-free basis in a way that allows implementation in both proprietary and open source software. In this way, companies working under various business models can compete on an equal footing when providing solutions to public administrations while administrations that implement the standard in their own software (software that they own) can share such software with others under an open source licence if they so decide. - EIF is now among the center pieces of the Digital Agenda (even though this demands extensive inter-agency coordination in the Commission): "The EIS and the EIF will be maintained under the ISA Programme and kept in line with the results of other relevant Digital Agenda actions on interoperability and standards such as the ones on the reform of rules on implementation of ICT standards in Europe to allow use of certain ICT fora and consortia standards, on issuing guidelines on essential intellectual property rights and licensing conditions in standard-setting, including for ex-ante disclosure, and on providing guidance on the link between ICT standardisation and public procurement to help public authorities to use standards to promote efficiency and reduce lock-in.(Communication, p.7)" All in all, quite a few good things have happened to the document in the two years it has been on the shelf or was being re-written, depending on your perspective, in any case, awaiting the storms to calm. The Bad - While a certain pragmatism is required, and governments cannot migrate to full openness overnight, EIF gives a bit too much room for governments not to apply the openness principle in full. Plenty of reasons are given, which should maybe have been put as challenges to be overcome: "However, public administrations may decide to use less open specifications, if open specifications do not exist or do not meet functional interoperability needs. In all cases, specifications should be mature and sufficiently supported by the market, except if used in the context of creating innovative solutions". - EIF does not use the internationally established terminology: open standards. Rather, the EIF introduces the notion of "formalised specification". How do "formalised specifications" relate to "standards"? According to the FAQ provided: The word "standard" has a specific meaning in Europe as defined by Directive 98/34/EC. Only technical specifications approved by a recognised standardisation body can be called a standard. Many ICT systems rely on the use of specifications developed by other organisations such as a forum or consortium. The EIF introduces the notion of "formalised specification", which is either a standard pursuant to Directive 98/34/EC or a specification established by ICT fora and consortia. The term "open specification" used in the EIF, on the one hand, avoids terminological confusion with the Directive and, on the other, states the main features that comply with the basic principle of openness laid down in the EIF for European Public Services. Well, this may be somewhat true, but in reality, Europe is 30 year behind in terminology. Unless the European Standardization Reform gets completed in the next few months, most Member States will likely conclude that they will go on referencing and using standards beyond those created by the three European endorsed monopolists of standardization, CEN, CENELEC and ETSI. Who can afford to begin following the strict Brussels rules for what they can call open standards when, in reality, standards stemming from global standardization organizations, so-called fora/consortia, dominate in the IT industry. What exactly is EIF saying? Does it encourage Member States to go on using non-ESO standards as long as they call it something else? I guess I am all for it, although it is a bit cumbersome, no? Why was there so much interest around the EIF? The FAQ attempts to explain: Some Member States have begun to adopt policies to achieve interoperability for their public services. These actions have had a significant impact on the ecosystem built around the provision of such services, e.g. providers of ICT goods and services, standardisation bodies, industry fora and consortia, etc... The Commission identified a clear need for action at European level to ensure that actions by individual Member States would not create new electronic barriers that would hinder the development of interoperable European public services. As a result, all stakeholders involved in the delivery of electronic public services in Europe have expressed their opinions on how to increase interoperability for public services provided by the different public administrations in Europe. Well, it does not take two years to read 50 consultation documents, and the EU Standardization Reform is not yet completed, so, more pragmatically, you finally had to release the document. Ok, let's leave some of that aside because the document is out and some people are happy (and others definitely not). The Verdict Considering the controversy, the delays, the lobbying, and the interests at stake both in the EU, in Member States and among vendors large and small, this document is pretty impressive. As with a good wine that has not yet come to full maturity, let's say that it seems to be coming in in the 85-88/100 range, but only a more fine-grained analysis, enjoyment in good company, and ultimately, implementation, will tell. The European Commission has today adopted a significant interoperability initiative to encourage public administrations across the EU to maximise the social and economic potential of information and communication technologies. Today, we should rally around this achievement. Tomorrow, let's sit down and figure out what it means for the future.

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Optimizing AES modes on Solaris for Intel Westmere

- by danx

Optimizing AES modes on Solaris for Intel Westmere Review AES is a strong method of symmetric (secret-key) encryption. It is a U.S. FIPS-approved cryptographic algorithm (FIPS 197) that operates on 16-byte blocks. AES has been available since 2001 and is widely used. However, AES by itself has a weakness. AES encryption isn't usually used by itself because identical blocks of plaintext are always encrypted into identical blocks of ciphertext. This encryption can be easily attacked with "dictionaries" of common blocks of text and allows one to more-easily discern the content of the unknown cryptotext. This mode of encryption is called "Electronic Code Book" (ECB), because one in theory can keep a "code book" of all known cryptotext and plaintext results to cipher and decipher AES. In practice, a complete "code book" is not practical, even in electronic form, but large dictionaries of common plaintext blocks is still possible. Here's a diagram of encrypting input data using AES ECB mode: Block 1 Block 2 PlainTextInput PlainTextInput | | | | \/ \/ AESKey-->(AES Encryption) AESKey-->(AES Encryption) | | | | \/ \/ CipherTextOutput CipherTextOutput Block 1 Block 2 What's the solution to the same cleartext input producing the same ciphertext output? The solution is to further process the encrypted or decrypted text in such a way that the same text produces different output. This usually involves an Initialization Vector (IV) and XORing the decrypted or encrypted text. As an example, I'll illustrate CBC mode encryption: Block 1 Block 2 PlainTextInput PlainTextInput | | | | \/ \/ IV >----->(XOR) +------------->(XOR) +---> . . . . | | | | | | | | \/ | \/ | AESKey-->(AES Encryption) | AESKey-->(AES Encryption) | | | | | | | | | \/ | \/ | CipherTextOutput ------+ CipherTextOutput -------+ Block 1 Block 2 The steps for CBC encryption are: Start with a 16-byte Initialization Vector (IV), choosen randomly. XOR the IV with the first block of input plaintext Encrypt the result with AES using a user-provided key. The result is the first 16-bytes of output cryptotext. Use the cryptotext (instead of the IV) of the previous block to XOR with the next input block of plaintext Another mode besides CBC is Counter Mode (CTR). As with CBC mode, it also starts with a 16-byte IV. However, for subsequent blocks, the IV is just incremented by one. Also, the IV ix XORed with the AES encryption result (not the plain text input). Here's an illustration: Block 1 Block 2 PlainTextInput PlainTextInput | | | | \/ \/ AESKey-->(AES Encryption) AESKey-->(AES Encryption) | | | | \/ \/ IV >----->(XOR) IV + 1 >---->(XOR) IV + 2 ---> . . . . | | | | \/ \/ CipherTextOutput CipherTextOutput Block 1 Block 2 Optimization Which of these modes can be parallelized? ECB encryption/decryption can be parallelized because it does more than plain AES encryption and decryption, as mentioned above. CBC encryption can't be parallelized because it depends on the output of the previous block. However, CBC decryption can be parallelized because all the encrypted blocks are known at the beginning. CTR encryption and decryption can be parallelized because the input to each block is known--it's just the IV incremented by one for each subsequent block. So, in summary, for ECB, CBC, and CTR modes, encryption and decryption can be parallelized with the exception of CBC encryption. How do we parallelize encryption? By interleaving. Usually when reading and writing data there are pipeline "stalls" (idle processor cycles) that result from waiting for memory to be loaded or stored to or from CPU registers. Since the software is written to encrypt/decrypt the next data block where pipeline stalls usually occurs, we can avoid stalls and crypt with fewer cycles. This software processes 4 blocks at a time, which ensures virtually no waiting ("stalling") for reading or writing data in memory. Other Optimizations Besides interleaving, other optimizations performed are Loading the entire key schedule into the 128-bit %xmm registers. This is done once for per 4-block of data (since 4 blocks of data is processed, when present). The following is loaded: the entire "key schedule" (user input key preprocessed for encryption and decryption). This takes 11, 13, or 15 registers, for AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256, respectively The input data is loaded into another %xmm register The same register contains the output result after encrypting/decrypting Using SSSE 4 instructions (AESNI). Besides the aesenc, aesenclast, aesdec, aesdeclast, aeskeygenassist, and aesimc AESNI instructions, Intel has several other instructions that operate on the 128-bit %xmm registers. Some common instructions for encryption are: pxor exclusive or (very useful), movdqu load/store a %xmm register from/to memory, pshufb shuffle bytes for byte swapping, pclmulqdq carry-less multiply for GCM mode Combining AES encryption/decryption with CBC or CTR modes processing. Instead of loading input data twice (once for AES encryption/decryption, and again for modes (CTR or CBC, for example) processing, the input data is loaded once as both AES and modes operations occur at in the same function Performance Everyone likes pretty color charts, so here they are. I ran these on Solaris 11 running on a Piketon Platform system with a 4-core Intel Clarkdale processor @3.20GHz. Clarkdale which is part of the Westmere processor architecture family. The "before" case is Solaris 11, unmodified. Keep in mind that the "before" case already has been optimized with hand-coded Intel AESNI assembly. The "after" case has combined AES-NI and mode instructions, interleaved 4 blocks at-a-time. « For the first table, lower is better (milliseconds). The first table shows the performance improvement using the Solaris encrypt(1) and decrypt(1) CLI commands. I encrypted and decrypted a 1/2 GByte file on /tmp (swap tmpfs). Encryption improved by about 40% and decryption improved by about 80%. AES-128 is slighty faster than AES-256, as expected. The second table shows more detail timings for CBC, CTR, and ECB modes for the 3 AES key sizes and different data lengths. » The results shown are the percentage improvement as shown by an internal PKCS#11 microbenchmark. And keep in mind the previous baseline code already had optimized AESNI assembly! The keysize (AES-128, 192, or 256) makes little difference in relative percentage improvement (although, of course, AES-128 is faster than AES-256). Larger data sizes show better improvement than 128-byte data. Availability This software is in Solaris 11 FCS. It is available in the 64-bit libcrypto library and the "aes" Solaris kernel module. You must be running hardware that supports AESNI (for example, Intel Westmere and Sandy Bridge, microprocessor architectures). The easiest way to determine if AES-NI is available is with the isainfo(1) command. For example, $ isainfo -v 64-bit amd64 applications pclmulqdq aes sse4.2 sse4.1 ssse3 popcnt tscp ahf cx16 sse3 sse2 sse fxsr mmx cmov amd_sysc cx8 tsc fpu 32-bit i386 applications pclmulqdq aes sse4.2 sse4.1 ssse3 popcnt tscp ahf cx16 sse3 sse2 sse fxsr mmx cmov sep cx8 tsc fpu No special configuration or setup is needed to take advantage of this software. Solaris libraries and kernel automatically determine if it's running on AESNI-capable machines and execute the correctly-tuned software for the current microprocessor. Summary Maximum throughput of AES cipher modes can be achieved by combining AES encryption with modes processing, interleaving encryption of 4 blocks at a time, and using Intel's wide 128-bit %xmm registers and instructions. References "Block cipher modes of operation", Wikipedia Good overview of AES modes (ECB, CBC, CTR, etc.) "Advanced Encryption Standard", Wikipedia "Current Modes" describes NIST-approved block cipher modes (ECB,CBC, CFB, OFB, CCM, GCM)

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Evaluating Solutions to Manage Product Compliance? Don't Wait Much Longer

- by Kerrie Foy

Depending on severity, product compliance issues can cause all sorts of problems from run-away budgets to business closures. But effective policies and safeguards can create a strong foundation for innovation, productivity, market penetration and competitive advantage. If you’ve been putting off a systematic approach to product compliance, it is time to reconsider that decision, or indecision. Why now? No matter what industry, companies face a litany of worldwide and regional regulations that require proof of product compliance and environmental friendliness for market access. For example, Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a regulation that restricts the use of six dangerous materials used in the manufacture of electronic and electrical equipment. ROHS was originally adopted by the European Union in 2003 for implementation in 2006, and it has evolved over time through various regional versions for North America, China, Japan, Korea, Norway and Turkey. In addition, the RoHS directive allowed for material exemptions used in Medical Devices, but that exemption ends in 2014. Additional regulations worth watching are the Battery Directive, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), and Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) directives. Additional evolving regulations are coming from governing bodies like the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Corporate sustainability initiatives are also gaining urgency and influencing product design. In a survey of 405 corporations in the Global 500 by Carbon Disclosure Project, co-written by PwC (CDP Global 500 Climate Change Report 2012 entitled Business Resilience in an Uncertain, Resource-Constrained World), 48% of the respondents indicated they saw potential to create new products and business services as a response to climate change. Just 21% reported a dedicated budget for the research. However, the report goes on to explain that those few companies are winning over new customers and driving additional profits by exploiting their abilities to adapt to environmental needs. The article cites Dell as an example – Dell has invested in research to develop new products designed to reduce its customers’ emissions by more than 10 million metric tons of CO2e per year. This reduction in emissions should save Dell’s customers over $1billion per year as a result! Over time we expect to see many additional companies prove that eco-design provides marketplace benefits through differentiation and direct customer value. How do you meet compliance requirements and also successfully invest in eco-friendly designs? No doubt companies struggle to answer this question. After all, the journey to get there may involve transforming business models, go-to-market strategies, supply networks, quality assurance policies and compliance processes per the rapidly evolving global and regional directives. There may be limited executive focus on the initiative, inability to quantify noncompliance, or not enough resources to justify investment. To make things even more difficult to address, compliance responsibility can be a passionate topic within an organization, making the prospect of change on an enterprise scale problematic and time-consuming. Without a single source of truth for product data and without proper processes in place, ensuring product compliance burgeons into a crushing task that is cost-prohibitive and overwhelming to an organization. With all the overhead, certain markets or demographics become simply inaccessible. Therefore, the risk to consumer goodwill and satisfaction, revenue, business continuity, and market potential is too great not to solve the compliance challenge. Companies are beginning to adapt and even thrive in today’s highly regulated and transparent environment by implementing systematic approaches to product compliance that are more than functional bandages but revenue-generating engines. Consider partnering with Oracle to help you address your compliance needs. Many of the world’s most innovative leaders and pioneers are leveraging Oracle’s Agile Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) portfolio of enterprise applications to manage the product value chain, centralize product data, automate processes, and launch more eco-friendly products to market faster. Particularly, the Agile Product Governance & Compliance (PG&C) solution provides out-of-the-box functionality to integrate actionable regulatory information into the enterprise product record from the ideation to the disposal/recycling phase. Agile PG&C makes it possible to efficiently manage compliance per corporate green initiatives as well as regional and global directives. Options are critical, but so is ease-of-use. Anyone who’s grappled with compliance policy knows legal interpretation plays a major role in determining how an organization responds to regulation. Agile PG&C gives you the freedom to configure product compliance per your needs, while maintaining rigorous control over the product record in an easy-to-use interface that facilitates adoption efforts. It allows you to assign regulations as specifications for a part or BOM roll-up. Each specification has a threshold value that alerts you to a non-compliance issue if the threshold value is exceeded. Set however many regulations as specifications you need to make sure a product can be sold in your target countries. Another option is to implement like one of our leading consumer electronics customers and define your own “catch-all” specification to ensure compliance in all markets. You can give your suppliers secure access to enter their component data or integrate a third party’s data. With Agile PG&C you are able to design compliance earlier into your products to reduce cost and improve quality downstream when stakes are higher. Agile PG&C is a comprehensive solution that makes product compliance more reliable and efficient. Throughout product lifecycles, use the solution to support full material disclosures, efficiently manage declarations with your suppliers, feed compliance data into a corrective action if a product must be changed, and swiftly satisfy audits by showing all due diligence tracked in one solution. Given the compounding regulation and consumer focus on urgent environmental issues, now is the time to act. Implementing an enterprise, systematic approach to product compliance is a competitive investment. From the start, Agile Product Governance & Compliance enables companies to confidently design for compliance and sustainability, reduce the cost of compliance, minimize the risk of business interruption, deliver responsible products, and inspire new innovation. Don’t wait any longer! To find out more about Agile Product Governance & Compliance download the data sheet, contact your sales representative, or call Oracle at 1-800-633-0738. Many thanks to Shane Goodwin, Senior Manager, Oracle Agile PLM Product Management, for contributions to this article.

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Unlocking Productivity

- by Michael Snow

Unlocking Productivity in Life Sciences with Consolidated Content Management by Joe Golemba, Vice President, Product Management, Oracle WebCenter As life sciences organizations look to become more operationally efficient, the ability to effectively leverage information is a competitive advantage. Whether data mining at the drug discovery phase or prepping the sales team before a product launch, content management can play a key role in developing, organizing, and disseminating vital information. The goal of content management is relatively straightforward: put the information that people need where they can find it. A number of issues can complicate this; information sits in many different systems, each of those systems has its own security, and the information in those systems exists in many different formats. Identifying and extracting pertinent information from mountains of farflung data is no simple job, but the alternative—wasted effort or even regulatory compliance issues—is worse. An integrated information architecture can enable health sciences organizations to make better decisions, accelerate clinical operations, and be more competitive. Unstructured data matters Often when we think of drug development data, we think of structured data that fits neatly into one or more research databases. But structured data is often directly supported by unstructured data such as experimental protocols, reaction conditions, lot numbers, run times, analyses, and research notes. As life sciences companies seek integrated views of data, they are typically finding diverse islands of data that seemingly have no relationship to other data in the organization. Information like sales reports or call center reports can be locked into siloed systems, and unavailable to the discovery process. Additionally, in the increasingly networked clinical environment, Web pages, instant messages, videos, scientific imaging, sales and marketing data, collaborative workspaces, and predictive modeling data are likely to be present within an organization, and each source potentially possesses information that can help to better inform specific efforts. Historically, content management solutions that had 21CFR Part 11 capabilities—electronic records and signatures—were focused mainly on content-enabling manufacturing-related processes. Today, life sciences companies have many standalone repositories, requiring different skills, service level agreements, and vendor support costs to manage them. With the amount of content doubling every three to six months, companies have recognized the need to manage unstructured content from the beginning, in order to increase employee productivity and operational efficiency. Using scalable and secure enterprise content management (ECM) solutions, organizations can better manage their unstructured content. These solutions can also be integrated with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems or research systems, making content available immediately, in the context of the application and within the flow of the employee’s typical business activity. Administrative safeguards—such as content de-duplication—can also be applied within ECM systems, so documents are never recreated, eliminating redundant efforts, ensuring one source of truth, and maintaining content standards in the organization. Putting it in context Consolidating structured and unstructured information in a single system can greatly simplify access to relevant information when it is needed through contextual search. Using contextual filters, results can include therapeutic area, position in the value chain, semantic commonalities, technology-specific factors, specific researchers involved, or potential business impact. The use of taxonomies is essential to organizing information and enabling contextual searches. Taxonomy solutions are composed of a hierarchical tree that defines the relationship between different life science terms. When overlaid with additional indexing related to research and/or business processes, it becomes possible to effectively narrow down the amount of data that is returned during searches, as well as prioritize results based on specific criteria and/or prior search history. Thus, search results are more accurate and relevant to an employee’s day-to-day work. For example, a search for the word "tissue" by a lab researcher would return significantly different results than a search for the same word performed by someone in procurement. Of course, diverse data repositories, combined with the immense amounts of data present in an organization, necessitate that the data elements be regularly indexed and cached beforehand to enable reasonable search response times. In its simplest form, indexing of a single, consolidated data warehouse can be expected to be a relatively straightforward effort. However, organizations require the ability to index multiple data repositories, enabling a single search to reference multiple data sources and provide an integrated results listing. Security and compliance Beyond yielding efficiencies and supporting new insight, an enterprise search environment can support important security considerations as well as compliance initiatives. For example, the systems enable organizations to retain the relevance and the security of the indexed systems, so users can only see the results to which they are granted access. This is especially important as life sciences companies are working in an increasingly networked environment and need to provide secure, role-based access to information across multiple partners. Although not officially required by the 21 CFR Part 11 regulation, the U.S. Food and Drug Administraiton has begun to extend the type of content considered when performing relevant audits and discoveries. Having an ECM infrastructure that provides centralized management of all content enterprise-wide—with the ability to consistently apply records and retention policies along with the appropriate controls, validations, audit trails, and electronic signatures—is becoming increasingly critical for life sciences companies. Making the move Creating an enterprise-wide ECM environment requires moving large amounts of content into a single enterprise repository, a daunting and risk-laden initiative. The first key is to focus on data taxonomy, allowing content to be mapped across systems. The second is to take advantage new tools which can dramatically speed and reduce the cost of the data migration process through automation. Additional content need not be frozen while it is migrated, enabling productivity throughout the process. The ability to effectively leverage information into success has been gaining importance in the life sciences industry for years. The rapid adoption of enterprise content management, both in operational processes as well as in scientific management, are clear indicators that the companies are looking to use all available data to be better informed, improve decision making, minimize risk, and increase time to market, to maintain profitability and be more competitive. As more and more varieties and sources of information are brought under the strategic management umbrella, the ability to divine knowledge from the vast pool of information is increasingly difficult. Simple search engines and basic content management are increasingly unable to effectively extract the right information from the mountains of data available. By bringing these tools into context and integrating them with business processes and applications, we can effectively focus on the right decisions that make our organizations more profitable. More Information Oracle will be exhibiting at DIA 2012 in Philadelphia on June 25-27. Stop by our booth Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} (#2825) to learn more about the advantages of a centralized ECM strategy and see the Oracle WebCenter Content solution, our 21 CFR Part 11 compliant content management platform.

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Setting up PerformancePoint Services on Sharepoint 2010: connection errors

- by Rik

I have tried to setup PerformancePoint Services on SharePoint 2010, but every time I try to use the dashboard designer, I get this error: “An error has occurred attempting to contact the specified SharePoint site” I have tried these steps but it hasn't helped. Any ideas? The event log gives the following information: WebHost failed to process a request. Sender Information: System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment+HostingManager/24724999 Exception: System.ServiceModel.ServiceActivationException: The service '/_vti_bin/client.svc' cannot be activated due to an exception during compilation. The exception message is: This collection already contains an address with scheme http. There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection. Parameter name: item. --- System.ArgumentException: This collection already contains an address with scheme http. There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection. Parameter name: item at System.ServiceModel.UriSchemeKeyedCollection.InsertItem(Int32 index, Uri item) at System.Collections.Generic.SynchronizedCollection`1.Add(T item) at System.ServiceModel.UriSchemeKeyedCollection..ctor(Uri[] addresses) at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHost..ctor(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses) at System.ServiceModel.Activation.ServiceHostFactory.CreateServiceHost(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses) at System.ServiceModel.Activation.ServiceHostFactory.CreateServiceHost(String constructorString, Uri[] baseAddresses) at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.CreateService(String normalizedVirtualPath) at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.ActivateService(String normalizedVirtualPath) at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath) --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath) at System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostingEnvironment.EnsureServiceAvailableFast(String relativeVirtualPath) Process Name: w3wp Process ID: 2576

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Pain removing a perl rootkit

- by paul.ago

So, we host a geoservice webserver thing at the office. Someone apparently broke into this box (probably via ftp or ssh), and put some kind of irc-managed rootkit thing. Now I'm trying to clean the whole thing up, I found the process pid who tries to connect via irc, but i can't figure out who's the invoking process (already looked with ps, pstree, lsof) The process is a perl script owned by www user, but ps aux |grep displays a fake file path on the last column. Is there another way to trace that pid and catch the invoker? Forgot to mention: the kernel is 2.6.23, which is exploitable to become root, but I can't touch this machine too much, so I can't upgrade the kernel EDIT: lsof might help: lsof -p 9481 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAMEss perl 9481 www cwd DIR 8,2 608 2 /ss perl 9481 www rtd DIR 8,2 608 2 /ss perl 9481 www txt REG 8,2 1168928 38385 /usr/bin/perl5.8.8ss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 135348 23286 /lib64/ld-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 103711 23295 /lib64/libnsl-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 19112 23292 /lib64/libdl-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 586243 23293 /lib64/libm-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 27041 23291 /lib64/libcrypt-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 14262 23307 /lib64/libutil-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 128642 23303 /lib64/libpthread-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 1602809 23289 /lib64/libc-2.5.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 19256 38662 /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-threa d-multi/auto/IO/IO.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 21328 38877 /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-threa d-multi/auto/Socket/Socket.soss perl 9481 www mem REG 8,2 52512 23298 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.soss perl 9481 www 0r FIFO 0,5 1068892 pipess perl 9481 www 1w FIFO 0,5 1071920 pipess perl 9481 www 2w FIFO 0,5 1068894 pipess perl 9481 www 3u IPv4 130646198 TCP 192.168.90.7:60321-www.**.net:ircd (SYN_SENT)

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Internet Explorer 8 crashes on Citrix, Windows 2003

- by Workshop Alex

Difficult to decide where this Q fits best. It's server-related and programming-related. But it's a user-problem so I'll put it here, first... I work on a (Delphi) application that uses an Internet Explorer component to show information to the user. It's not a web application, just a desktop application which creates HTML pages to display them within a browser component. Some of the information on these webpages are retrieved from a web server, while other information is provided "live" by the application itself. It works quite well, but it adds an IE-process (child process) next to my application. And this IE process seems to eat a lot of system resources. For normal users, this is not a real problem, so it's not an issue that I want to fix in the code. But one customer of this application uses it with about 100 users on a Citrix/Windows 2003 environment and they complain about problems with the application. IE8 tends to crash, not show, hang or cause other mayhap. Then again, I've warned them that -officially- I won't support any Citrix environment. But I'm willing to help them to find a solution to fix this, and if need be I could make minor changes to my code to help fix this issie. (If possible.) But basically, I need a solution that any user/administrator on this Citrix environment can follow/use. Any ideas on how to resolve this resource problem?

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PHP-APC Installation

- by Leo

Trying to get my head around the way to install APC cache on PHP 5.3.13. That's a VPS with apache, configured preferably through whm/cpanel (although not only). I read a bunch of articles where it was suggested to use FastCGI with APC, as suPHP doens't do well with opcode caching, and fcgid_module doesn't do it right for APC either. Noted that fcgid_module is a newer package than FastCGI and that's what whm/cpanel installs for you but ok, that can be solved I guess. Then I'm reading that php-fpm is a much better alternative to manage the php processes, especially for APC. Ok. Then I realised that php-fpm is included in php core since 5.3 and got confused. Does that mean I don't have to use FastCGI/fcgid_module (and what should I use instead of them - mod_php or cgi?)? Or does that mean that I still need to get the older FastCGI module, and configure it to use one process per user (or just one process?)? Or would fcgid_module work as well? And how bad would it be just to go with mod_php/APC to avoid troubles of installing php-fpm and FastCGI (whm/cpanel doesn't support neither) given than Varnish would serve most of the static content anyway - no php process need to be created for static content. Any examples of their FastCGI/fcgid_module/php-fpm/APC configurations would be greatly appreciated as well.

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Can't delete C:\Config.Msi\75ce84f.rbf

- by Hugh Allen

I can't delete C:\Config.Msi\75ce84f.rbf It's not causing any problems but it's a mystery I'd like to solve, preferably before the next reboot because it's scheduled for deletion then (see pendmoves). it's not readonly, system or hidden it's not in use by another process (according to Process Explorer) the NT security permissions aren't the problem either - I am the owner and have Full Control ; as a double-check, the Effective Permissions tab shows that I have permission to delete. Yet trying to delete the file gives "Access is Denied" from both Explorer and cmd. I can however rename it or move it to another folder on the same drive. I can also read it and Virustotal says it's clean which is what I would expect (it's just a Windows Installer temp file - a copy of some DLL I think). The relevant line from Process Monitor is: 6:52:14.3726983 PM 112 Explorer.EXE SetDispositionInformationFile C:\Config.Msi\75ce84f.rbf CANNOT DELETE Delete: True Write 1232 Background: I'm using XP SP2. I recently repaired my Adobe Reader installation to make it the default browser plugin again instead of Foxit. (there seems to be no UI to do it otherwise?) So the installer did its thing and then asked to reboot. As is my habit when rebooting is inconvenient I declined the offer and ran pendmoves to find out what files the installer had scheduled to move / delete. It wanted to delete two files with .rbf extension (rollback files) located in C:\Config.msi\. (this applies to both even though I've been speaking about one). So I tried to delete them manually and couldn't. Does anyone have any ideas what could be preventing deletion? (and I don't think it's malware even though I'm not running AV at the moment)

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PHP-FPM and APC for shared hosting?

- by Tiffany Walker

We are looking into finding a way to get APC to only create one cache per account / site. This can be done with Fastcgi (last update 2006…) but with Fastcgid APC will have to create multiple caches for multiple processes run by the same account. To get around this problem, we have been looking into PHP-FPM PHP process manager allows multiple PHP processes to share a single APC cache. But from what I have read (I hope I'm wrong) , even if you create a pool per process, all sites accross all pools will share the same APC cache. This brings us back to the same problem as with shared Memcached: it's not secure ! On php-fpm's site I read that you can chroot php-fpm pools and define a specific UID and GID per pool… if this is the case then shouldn't APC have to use this user and not have access to other pools cache ? An article here (in 2011) suggests that you would need to run one process per pool creating multiple launchers on different ports and different config files with one pool per config file : http://groups.drupal.org/node/198168 Is this still neceessary ? If so what would be the impact of running say 800 processes of php-fpm ? Would it be mainly memory ? If so how can I work out what the memory impact would be ? I guess that it would be better to run 800 times php-fpm then to have accounts creating multiple APC caches for a single site ? If on average an account creates a 50MB cache and creates 3 caches per account that makes 150Mb per account which makes 120GB… However if each account uses on average only 50Mb that would make 40GB We will have at least 128GB of ram on our next server so 40GB is acceptable if running 800 x PHP-FPM does not create an overhead of more than 20GB ! What do you think is PHP-FPM the best way to go to provide secure APC cache on shared hosting with a server that has a decent amount of memory ? Or should I be looking at another system ? Thanks !

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PostgreSQL lots of writes

- by strife911

Hi, I am using postgreSQL for a scientific application (unsupervised clustering). The python program is multi-threaded so that each thread manages its own postmaster process (one per core). Hence, their is a lot of concurrency. Each thread-process loop infinitely though two SQL queries. The first is for reading, the second is for writing. The read operation considers 500 time the amount of rows the write operation considers. Here is the output of dstat: ----total-cpu-usage---- ------memory-usage----- -dsk/total- --paging-- --io/total- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| used buff cach free| read writ| in out | read writ 4 0 32 64 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1893M|1524k 16M| 0 0 | 98 2046 1 0 35 64 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1892M|1204k 17M| 0 0 | 68 2062 2 0 32 66 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1890M|1132k 17M| 0 0 | 62 2033 2 1 32 65 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1904M|1236k 18M| 0 0 | 80 1994 2 0 31 67 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1903M|1312k 16M| 0 0 | 70 1900 2 0 37 60 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1899M|1116k 15M| 0 0 | 71 1594 2 1 37 60 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1898M| 448k 17M| 0 0 | 39 2001 2 0 25 72 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1896M|1192k 17M| 0 0 | 78 1946 1 0 40 58 0 0|3599M 63M 57G 1895M| 432k 15M| 0 0 | 38 1937 I am pretty sure I could write more often than that for I have seen it write up to 110-140M on dstat. How can I optimize this process?

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RoboCopy fails with "the specified network name is no longer available"

- by Justin Scott

We have a scheduled task that runs robocopy periodically to mirror a rather large folder structure from one server to another (thousands of folders, 100,000+ files, 50+ GB in size). There is a share on the receiving server where the mirror gets stored. We're running the task from the origin server connecting out to the share on the receiving end. Both servers run Windows Server 2003 and are connected to the same network switch (100Mbps). The process will sometimes complete all the way through without error. More often than not, however, at some point during the process (seems random as to where), robocopy will fail with the error The specified network name is no longer available. It will wait 30 seconds and try the file again and eventually give up after a number of retries. Process will repeat at the next schedule interval and may complete... or not. When this occurs I am not able to access the share at all on the destination server from anywhere on the network for up to 30 minutes. There is nothing else on the network using this share. My question is what does this error mean specifically? Why is the share "dropping off" and becoming inaccessible? Is there a way to prevent it and get the file mirroring to be more stable?

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MSSQL 2000 installation error: Setup failed to configure the server. Refer to the server error logs.

- by kaneuniversal

I'm trying to install MSSQL 2000 on a virtual Windows 2003 instance. However, every time I run the install program, it fails to start the service. This is the error log: 21:46:50 C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\80\Tools\Binn\cnfgsvr.exe -F "C:\WINDOWS\sqlstp.log" -I MSSQLSERVER -V 1 -M 0 -Q "SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS" -H 131408 -U sa -P ############################################################################### Starting Service ... SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS -m -Q -T4022 -T3659 Connecting to Server ... driver={sql server};server=xxxxxxxxxx;UID=sa;PWD=;database=master [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Timeout expired driver={sql server};server=xxxxxxxxxx;UID=sa;PWD=;database=master [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Timeout expired driver={sql server};server=xxxxxxxxxx;UID=sa;PWD=;database=master [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Timeout expired SQL Server configuration failed. ############################################################################### 21:49:34 Process Exit Code: (-1) 22:19:04 Setup failed to configure the server. Refer to the server error logs and C:\WINDOWS\sqlstp.log for more information. 22:19:04 Action CleanUpInstall: 22:19:04 C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\1\SqlSetup\Bin\scm.exe -Silent 1 -Action 4 -Service SQLSERVERAGENT 22:19:05 Process Exit Code: (1060) The specified service does not exist as an installed service. 22:19:05 C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\1\SqlSetup\Bin\scm.exe -Silent 1 -Action 4 -Service MSSQLSERVER 22:19:05 Process Exit Code: (0) 22:19:05 StatsGenerate returned: 2 22:19:05 StatsGenerate (0x0,0x1,0xf00000,0x200,1033,303,0x0,0x1,0,0,0 22:19:05 StatsGenerate -1,Administrator) 22:19:05 Installation Failed. Has anyone had this problem? Any ideas about how to fix it? Thanks very much, Michael

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