Search Results

Search found 5070 results on 203 pages for 'algorithm'.

Page 174/203 | < Previous Page | 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181  | Next Page >

  • Validating signature trust with gpg?

    - by larsks
    We would like to use gpg signatures to verify some aspects of our system configuration management tools. Additionally, we would like to use a "trust" model where individual sysadmin keys are signed with a master signing key, and then our systems trust that master key (and use the "web of trust" to validate signatures by our sysadmins). This gives us a lot of flexibility, such as the ability to easily revoke the trust on a key when someone leaves, but we've run into a problem. While the gpg command will tell you if a key is untrusted, it doesn't appear to return an exit code indicating this fact. For example: # gpg -v < foo.asc Version: GnuPG v1.4.11 (GNU/Linux) gpg: armor header: gpg: original file name='' this is a test gpg: Signature made Fri 22 Jul 2011 11:34:02 AM EDT using RSA key ID ABCD00B0 gpg: using PGP trust model gpg: Good signature from "Testing Key <[email protected]>" gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. Primary key fingerprint: ABCD 1234 0527 9D0C 3C4A CAFE BABE DEAD BEEF 00B0 gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA1 The part we care about is this: gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. The exit code returned by gpg in this case is 0, despite the trust failure: # echo $? 0 How do we get gpg to fail in the event that something is signed with an untrusted signature? I've seen some suggestions that the gpgv command will return a proper exit code, but unfortunately gpgv doesn't know how to fetch keys from keyservers. I guess we can parse the status output (using --status-fd) from gpg, but is there a better way?

    Read the article

  • Server cost for smartphone app with web service

    - by FrankieA
    Hello, I am working on a smartphone application that will require a backend web service - but I have absolutely clueless to how much it will cost. Web Service will handle: - login of users - cataloging of our user base - holding minimal profile information for users (the only binary data is a display picture which will be < 20k each) - performing some very minor calculation/algorithm before return results - All the above will be communicated to server from a smartphone (iPhone/BlackBerry/Android) Bandwidth Requirements: - We want to handle up to 10k users throughout the day. - I predict 10k * 50 HTTP requests a day = 500,000 requests a day * 30 = 15 million requests a month Space Requirements: - Data will be in SQL database. - I predict 1MB/user * 10k = 10GB + overhead. In other words - space is not a big issue. Software Requirements: (unless someone knows an alternative) - Windows Server 2008 + IIS - MSFT SQL Server Note: This is 100% new to me, so please hit me with all you got. Do I need Windows Server or are there alternative? Is it better to get multiple cheap servers to distribute load? Will Amazon S3 work for me? How about Windows Azure? Thank you!!

    Read the article

  • Troubleshooting iptables and configuring it to drop the priority of long-term connections

    - by intuited
    I'm somewhat familiar with the general concepts of iptables, and would like to learn it in more detail. I'm hoping that my learning experience can also be useful. The situation: I'm running dd-wrt on my router. Despite its purported QoS skills, I'm still seeing connection latency shoot up hugely whenever there's an ongoing http connection, eg some large download. Under such conditions, it can take 10 seconds or more to load a basic webpage; sometimes the connections are dropped entirely. I've tried adjusting the parameters, dropping the allotted bandwidth for up and download to well under my limit, but nothing seems to work. dd-wrt is configured to use HTB as the QoS algorithm; HFSC, although presented as an option, seems to cause the router to crash, and is rumoured to not actually work on any linux system. I'd like to be able to troubleshoot this issue and hopefully improve the settings that dd-wrt is using, but I'm finding the learning curve a bit overwhelming. For starters I am not sure what HTB actually specifies: is this a set of iptables commands, or do some of those commands specify how HTB is to be used? I would like it to prioritize based on protocol the way that it already supposed to, and in addition I'd like to have it drop the priority of connections which have a high total byte count, say over 400KB. Also tips on utilities that can be run under dd-wrt to get more info on what's going on in there are appreciated. I've tried to get iftop to work but there were issues running curses. I'm leaning towards replacing dd-wrt with openwrt; comments on this strategy are also welcome. I suspect that I would be well advised to get a second router as a standin before trying that. It may be worth noting that my total bandwidth is pretty limited (256Kbit/s).

    Read the article

  • Dynamically updating DNS records with NSUPDATE fails

    - by Thuy
    I've got my own nameserver ns3.epnddns.com and domain epnddns.com I wanted to try and update the records dynamiclly from home using nsupdate but when I run nsupdate -k Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key i get the following errors Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key:1: unknown option 'www.epnddns.com.' Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key:2: unexpected token near end of the file Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.{private,key}: unexpected token Not sure why I get these errors, I'll post my complete setup. Generated keys on my home pc, using dnssec-keygen -a HMAC-MD5 -b 128 -n HOST www.epnddns.com. created /var/named/ and put the keys there and chmod them to 600. transfered the keys to my nameserver ns3.epnddns.com, created /var/named/ ,put the keys there and chmod them to 600 made dnskey.conf in /var/named and added key www.epnddns.com. { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "my secret from they keys=="; }; chmod to 600 then in /etc/bind/named.conf.local include "/var/named/dnskeys.conf"; zone "epnddns.com" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/epnddns.com.zone"; allow-transfer { myhomeip; }; //its my home ip so not in the same network allow-update { key www.epnddns.com.; }; }; I restarted bind without any error messages so it seems to be working on the nameserver at least. But on my homepc when i try and run the nsupdate i get those error messages. Thanks in advance for any help or insightful advice.

    Read the article

  • Why is a FLAC encoded from a decoded MP3 bigger than the MP3?

    - by Ryan Thompson
    To be more precise than in the title, suppose I have a MP3 file that is 320 kbps. If I decompress it, then logically, all the data except for roughly 320 kilobits out of each second of audio should be redundant data, able to be compressed away. So, when I encode the decompressed file to FLAC, or any other lossless codec, why is it so much larger? On a related note, is it theoretically possible to losslessly recover the source mp3 audio from a decompressed wav? (I know the mp3 itself is lossy. I'm asking if it's possible to re-encode without any further loss.) EDIT: Let me clarify the related question, and the rationale behind it. Suppose I have a wav that was decompressed from an MP3 file (and assume I don't have the mp3 itself for some reason). If I don't want to lose any more quality, I can re-encode it with FLAC or any other lossless encoder and get a larger file just to maintain the same quality. Or, I can re-encode it to mp3 again and get the same size as the original but lose more data. Obviously, neither of these cases is ideal. I can either have the original size or the original quality, but not both (I mean the quality of the original mp3, not the original lossless source). My question is: Can we get both? Is it theoretically possible to recover the lossy compressed data from the lossy decompressed data, without losing even more? If it is possible, I could imagine a lossless compression algorithm that compresses the audio with FLAC. Then it also scans the audio for any signs of previous lossy compression, and if detected, recompresses it losslessly to the original lossy file. Then it keeps whichever file is smaller.

    Read the article

  • Why do I get a DegradedArray event with mdadm

    - by azera
    Hello Just so we're clear on what's happening: I bought 4 new sata 2 drives, with the intent of using them in a raid5 all drive are fully recognised by both my bios and my linux box (gentoo) I created a raid5 array, fiddled a bit with it to understand how it works, how to monitor ect At some point, this triggered a degradedarray event, even though the array is brand new. I tried to stopping the array and recreating a new array with the same drive but the new array starts degraded too. here is what I used to create it mdadm --create -l5 -n4 /dev/md/md0-r5 /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf here are the output from my /proc/mdstat and mdadm --detail --scan **mdstat** Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md127 : active raid5 sdf[4] sde[2] sdd[1] sdb[0] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 2.8% (41689732/1465138496) finish=890.3min speed=26645K/sec unused devices: <none> **detail** ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 spares=1 UUID=453e2833:81f22a74:64188b84:66721085 As such I have a couple questions: does a raid5 array always start in degraded mode at first ? why does sdf have the number 4 between bracket instead of 3, why does it see a spare disk and why is the 4th drive marked with _ instead of U ? (bad configuration ?) How can I recreate the array from scratch, do i have to format each drive on its own before recreating it ? Thanks for any help, I'm not sure about what I should do at the moment

    Read the article

  • What does a DHCP-client consider to be the "best" answer?

    - by Nils
    We have training rooms where normally Windows XP is installed (via PXE). The "normal" DNS/DHCP infrastructure are Windows-Servers. The training room has its own VLAN (different from the Windows servers), so there is most propably an IP helper for DHCP requests active on the Cisco router where all PCs from that room are connected to. Now we wanted to convert some of the PCs to Linux instead. The idea was: Put our own Laptop with a DHCP server into the VLAN of the room and override the "normal" DHCP response. The idea was that this should work, since a directly attached DHCP server in that VLAN should have a faster response-time than the "normal" DHCP server located some hops away from that VLAN. It turned out that this did not work. We had to manually release the lease on the original DHCP server to get it working. On the Laptop we did see the client requesting the IP and "our" dhcp was sending NACKs to the Windows IP request, before that we did offer our own response. Old Question: Why did this not work out as expected? What is making the PC regain its old lease? Update 2012-08-08: The regain-issue has been explained in the DHCP-RFC. Now this explains why the PC regains its old lease. Now we do release the IP from the Windows-DHCP-server before giving it another try. Again - the Windows-DHCP-server wins. I suspect that there is some algorithm for the dhcp-client which determines the "best" dhcp-answer for the client. The new question is: How does the client choose the "best" answer?

    Read the article

  • Codec Problems with trying to edit videos with VirtualDub

    - by Roy Rico
    So, I'm a little frustrated. According to this post and various other internet sources, virtualdub is supposed to allow users to quickly split and join video files. I am using windows 7 64 Bit and the latest version of VirtualDub (64-bit). I have tried to edit various movie files, and each attempt at editing various files I have done has not worked for me. AVI file A.avi won't load, saying that it can't located the Decompressor for the "FMP4" format. I have tried this solution and this one, and neither of them work. I have tried setting the VFW Decompressor for 'Other MPEG4' setting to XVID or LIBAVCODEC. There is no change in virtual dub AVI file C.avi will load in Virtual Dub, but any attempt to split it gives me an error that I don't have XVID codecs installed. I've attempted to install the proper codecs (Shark's Windows 7 Codecs, CCCP) with no change. AVI file C.avi will load, and it will split, but won't split using the "Direct Stream Copy" claiming the compression algorithm is incompatible. I tried "Fast Recompress" option and it created a 27GB file out of what was supposed to be about a 300-400MB file. Can someone please give me some insight into what I'm messing up?

    Read the article

  • CPU-adaptive compression

    - by liori
    Hello, Let assume I need to send some data from one computer to another, over a pretty fast network... for example standard 100Mbit connection (~10MB/s). My disk drives are standard HDD, so their speed is somewhere between 30MB/s and 100MB/s. So I guess that compressing the data on the fly could help. But... I don't want to be limited by CPU. If I choose an algorithm that is intensive on CPU, the transfer will actually go slower than without compression. This is difficult with compressors like GZIP and BZIP2 because you usually set the compression strength once for the whole transfer, and my data streams are sometimes easy, sometimes hard to compress--this makes the process suboptimal because sometimes I do not use full CPU, and sometimes the bandwidth is underutilized. Is there a compression program that would adapt to current CPU/bandwidth and hit the sweet spot so that the transfer will be optimal? Ideally for Linux, but I am still curious about all solutions. I'd love to see something compatible with GZIP/BZIP2 decompressors, but this is not necessary. So I'd like to optimize total transfer time, not simply amount of bytes to send. Also I don't need real time decompression... real time compression is enough. The destination host can process the data later in its spare time. I know this doesn't change much (compression is usually much more CPU-intensive than decompression), but if there's a solution that could use this fact, all the better. Each time I am transferring different data, and I really want to make these one-time transfers as quick as possible. So I won't benefit from getting multiple transfers faster due to stronger compression. Thanks,

    Read the article

  • Underbraces in Word math zones and dealing with stretchy parentheses

    - by Johannes Rössel
    Parentheses in Word usually stretch with whatever they're containing. This might be un-noticeable for things like but for stuff like it's definitely nice, especially compared to the fact that naïve LaTeX users often produce uglinesses such as There is a problem, however, when using under-/overbraces in math and putting parentheses around the complete term it becomes ugly. For simple things like shown here this can be solved by not letting the parentheses stretch which looks almost right. However, for more complex things it's certainly not an option: Both variants look horrible. So is there a way of letting the parentheses only stretch around the actual term parts, not including the under-/overbraces? Those are frequently used for annotations of individual pieces, so simply not using them is a bad idea too. In LaTeX you can get away with guesswork and using explicit sizes for the parentheses instead of relying on \left and \right but I haven't found a comparable option in Word yet. Since the underbrace is (tree-wise) a sibling of the term in parentheses it probably simply has to stretch and there probably can't be an algorithm that determines when to stretch or when not, considering that \above and \below are used for annotations as well but also for other things where perentheses have to stretch. Also, since the parenthesized expression is opaque from the outside one has to put the underbrace inside. From a markup point of view, at least. One can probably draw the rest around but that falls apart when styles change and wouldn't be a good idea either.

    Read the article

  • Underbraces in Word math zones and dealing with parentheses

    - by Johannes Rössel
    Parentheses in Word usually stretch with whatever they're containing. This might be un-noticeable for things like but for stuff like it's definitely nice, especially compared to the fact that naïve LaTeX users often produce uglinesses such as There is a problem, however, when using under-/overbraces in math and putting parentheses around the complete term it becomes ugly. For simple things like shown here this can be solved by not letting the parentheses stretch which looks almost right. However, for more complex things it's certainly not an option: Both variants look horrible. So is there a way of letting the parentheses only stretch around the actual term parts, not including the under-/overbraces? Those are frequently used for annotations of individual pieces, so simply not using them is a bad idea too. In LaTeX you can get away with guesswork and using explicit sizes for the parentheses instead of relying on \left and \right but I haven't found a comparable option in Word yet. Since the underbrace is (tree-wise) a sibling of the term in parentheses it probably simply has to stretch and there probably can't be an algorithm that determines when to stretch or when not, considering that \above and \below are used for annotations as well but also for other things where perentheses have to stretch. Also, since the parenthesized expression is opaque from the outside one has to put the underbrace inside. From a markup point of view, at least. One can probably draw the rest around but that falls apart when styles change and wouldn't be a good idea either.

    Read the article

  • Degraded RAID-5 array with lvm2 lost superblock and partition table

    - by Fred Phillips
    I have a RAID-5 array of 4x1TB hard disks with one lvm2 partition on Ubuntu Linux 10.04 LTS. One of the disks has failed. I have re-assembled the array without this failed disk but now mdadm --examine claims the array has no superblock and fdisk says it has no partition table. What can I do to recover the data? # mdadm -D /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Sat Mar 5 14:43:49 2011 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930276352 (2794.53 GiB 3000.60 GB) Used Dev Size : 976758784 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sat Mar 5 15:06:49 2011 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : boba:1 (local to host boba) UUID : 52eb4bc9:c3d8aab5:e0699505:e0e1aa05 Events : 18 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 65 1 active sync /dev/sde1 2 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 3 0 0 3 removed 4 8 17 - faulty spare /dev/sdb1 # mdadm --examine /dev/md0 mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/md0. # fdisk -l /dev/md0 Disk /dev/md0: 3000.6 GB, 3000602984448 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 732569088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1572864 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdb1[4](F) sda1[0] sdd1[2] sde1[1] 2930276352 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] unused devices: <none>

    Read the article

  • Finding custom printer-specific options on *nix

    - by enbuyukfener
    Hey all, I have a printer set up using CUPS (FujiXerox Document Center 1100), it is named DC1100. There are capabilities of the printer that are not shows as options of the printer as listed by: lpoptions -l -d DC1100 The output is below: PrintoutMode/Printout Mode: Draft *Normal High Photo InputSlot/Media Source: Upper Lower MultiPurpose LargeCapacity Manual *Standard PageSize/Page Size: *Letter A4 C5 C6 COM10 DL Executive Legal Monarch Statement PageRegion/PageRegion: Letter A4 C5 C6 COM10 DL Executive Legal Monarch Statement STP_Brightness/Brightness: 0.00 0.02 0.04 [snip] 2.00 STP_Contrast/Contrast: 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 [snip] 4.00 STP_ColorCorrection/Color Correction: Accurate Bright Density [snip] Uncorrected STP_DitherAlgorithm/Dither Algorithm: Adaptive EvenTone Fast [snip] VeryFast STP_EnableDensity/Density Enable: *Disabled Enabled STP_Density/Density Value: 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 [snip] 8.0 STP_EnableGamma/Composite Gamma Enable: *Disabled Enabled STP_Gamma/Composite Gamma Value: 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 [snip] 4.00 STP_LinearContrast/Linear Contrast Adjustment: *False True STP_Duplex/Double-Sided Printing: DuplexNoTumble DuplexTumble *None Resolution/Rendering Resolution: *FromPrintoutMode 150x150dpi 300x300dpi 600x600dpi OutputType/Output Type: *FromPrintoutMode BlackAndWhite Grayscale STP_ImageType/Image Type: *FromPrintoutMode Photo Graphics LineArt None Text TextGraphics STP_Resolution/Resolution: *FromPrintoutMode 150dpi 300dpi 600dpi I am particularly looking for options for: "secure print" (possibly by setting a mode and setting a username) stapling hole punching Perhaps I need a vendor specific driver/PPD file? If so, any pointers as I have no idea where to look for one. I haven't been able to find one on the official site or on sites such as http://www.openprinting.org

    Read the article

  • Does btrfs balance also defragment files?

    - by pauldoo
    When I run btrfs filesystem balance, does this implicitly defragment files? I could imagine that balance simply reallocates each file extent separately, preserving the existing fragmentation. There is an FAQ entry, 'What does "balance" do?', which is unclear on this point: btrfs filesystem balance is an operation which simply takes all of the data and metadata on the filesystem, and re-writes it in a different place on the disks, passing it through the allocator algorithm on the way. It was originally designed for multi-device filesystems, to spread data more evenly across the devices (i.e. to "balance" their usage). This is particularly useful when adding new devices to a nearly-full filesystem. Due to the way that balance works, it also has some useful side-effects: If there is a lot of allocated but unused data or metadata chunks, a balance may reclaim some of that allocated space. This is the main reason for running a balance on a single-device filesystem. On a filesystem with damaged replication (e.g. a RAID-1 FS with a dead and removed disk), it will force the FS to rebuild the missing copy of the data on one of the currently active devices, restoring the RAID-1 capability of the filesystem.

    Read the article

  • How to create a software raid5 array without a spare

    - by Yannick M.
    I am trying to create a software raid5 array using mdadm: $ linux # mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 --spare-devices=0 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. However when inspecting /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[4] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2930279808 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 0.3% (2970496/976759936) finish=186.1min speed=87172K/sec unused devices: <none> It seems one drive isn't active, so I check the details of the array: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90.03 Creation Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930279808 (2794.53 GiB 3000.61 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 0% complete UUID : ce8b2f40:821d003c:0027688e:a70977ec Events : 0.1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 4 8 49 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sdd1 And it seems there are only 3 active devices, with one spare. Is it just me, or something wrong here?

    Read the article

  • BIND zones and named files

    - by preethika
    I've installed BIND in my Windows server2003. i've configured the named file in C:\named\etc\named.conf as: options { directory "c:\named\zones"; allow-transfer { none; }; recursion no; }; zone "tisdns.com" IN { type master; file "db.tisdns.com.txt"; allow-transfer { none; }; }; My zone file is configured in C:\named\zones\db.tisdns.com.txt as: $TTL 6h @ IN SOA ns1.tisdns.com. hostmaster.tisdns.co… ( 2010010901 10800 3600 604800 86400 ) @ NS ns1.tisdns.com. ns1 IN A 192.168.0.17 mug IN A 192.168.0.103 key "rndc-key" { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "M0oW24WFQZhMu9wTq8qepw=="; }; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 port 53 allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "rndc-key"; }; }; In the above i've given the name to the domain as "tisdns". i want to create a new domain name in a different zone file. how can i create it?

    Read the article

  • Codec Problems with trying to edit videos with VirtualDub

    - by Roy Rico
    So, I'm a little frustrated. According to this post and various other internet sources, virtualdub is supposed to allow users to quickly split and join video files. I am using windows 7 64 Bit and the latest version of VirtualDub (64-bit). I have tried to edit various movie files, and each attempt at editing various files I have done has not worked for me. AVI file A.avi won't load, saying that it can't located the Decompressor for the "FMP4" format. I have tried this solution and this one, and neither of them work. I have tried setting the VFW Decompressor for 'Other MPEG4' setting to XVID or LIBAVCODEC. There is no change in Virtual Dub. AVI file C.avi will load in Virtual Dub, but any attempt to split it gives me an error that I don't have XVID codecs installed. I've attempted to install the proper codecs (Shark's Windows 7 Codecs, CCCP) with no change. AVI file C.avi will load, and it will split, but won't split using the "Direct Stream Copy" claiming the compression algorithm is incompatible. I tried the "Fast Recompress" option and it created a 27GB file out of what was supposed to be about a 300-400MB file. Can someone please give me some insight into what I'm messing up?

    Read the article

  • How do I reinitialise a failed RAID 5 drive using terminal on Ubuntu Server

    - by Stephen
    I've currently put together a new system and part of that has been creating a software RAID 5 using 'mdadm' in Ubuntu Server. I successfully got to the point where I create the array using: sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 I left it to do its thing overnight then used the following command to check on it: watch cat /proc/mdstat To which the following was returned: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[4](S) sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0](F) 5860535808 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/2] [_UU_] unused devices: <none> It appears that one has failed (and I'm not too savvy with why another is a spare). So, just to be sure that something else isn't amiss I wanted to try and re-engage the failed drive. Can someone explain how I can do that and what I should do with the spare (if anything). And also how do I know when synchronisation is complete? The tutorial I used to get this far is located here: http://sonniesedge.co.uk/2009/06/13/software-raid-5-on-ubuntu-904/ Many thanks! p.s. Here is some extra information that may help: sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Mon Jun 18 21:14:21 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860535808 (5589.04 GiB 6001.19 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953511936 (1863.01 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon Jun 18 21:50:26 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : myraidbox:0 (local to host myraidbox) UUID : a269ee94:a161600c:fb1665e7:bd2f27b3 Events : 13 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 0 0 3 removed 0 8 1 - faulty spare /dev/sda1 4 8 49 - spare /dev/sdd1

    Read the article

  • Erratic WiFi 2.4 GHz channel spikes, what gives?

    - by Francis W. Usher
    Sorry guys, first a gripe about my neighbor's WiFi access point (it is related): they totally hog the center nine 2.4 GHz channels (3-11), centered right at 7! I know the outer regions of the signal don't make as much of a difference, and technically they're running channels 5 & 9. Anyway, their signal is clearly interfering with mine, which is necessarily centered at 3 or 11 to evade their interference. I guess it's somewhat a case of access point envy: they happen to have both a stronger signal and a higher data rate, while occupying twice the band width that I do. Getting to the point, I've noticed that they tend to sit nice and pretty centered at 7, but they definitely auto-select their channel, and I've noticed that the auto-selection algorithm tends to shift towards the higher channels; hence I decided to pick channel 3, and I don't get so many intermittent lag spikes any more. Anyway, the thing that weirded me out was the reason they have to auto-select sometimes: unexplained, powerful (talking order of 0dB here), giant spikes of 2.4 GHz activity in consistent regions of the spectrum. I don't think it's just noise, since my wireless monitoring software is registering a MAC address, a manufacturer, and usually a fairly coherent ascii name... and it seems to be a fairly well-confined signal. But these signals are fairly common, and they do some weird stuff to my signal. So my question is what are these signals? Where are they coming from? Where are they going? Why are they so ridiculously strong? Why don't they ever last very long? Here's an inSSIDer screenshot I took, for your perusal. I am labeled with "me", my greedy neighbor labeled with "neighbor", and the 2 quasar signals are labeled with "WTF?".

    Read the article

  • How is route automatic metric calculated on Windows 7?

    - by e-t172
    KB299540 explains how Windows XP automatically assign metrics to IP routes: The following table outlines the criteria that is used to assign metrics for routes that are bound to network interfaces of various speeds. Greater than 200 Mb: 10 Greater than 20 Mb, and less than or equal to 200 Mb: 20 Greater than 4 Mb, and less than or equal to 20 Mb: 30 Greater than 500 kilobits (Kb), and less than or equal to 4 Mb: 40 Less than or equal to 500 Kb: 50 However, they seem to have changed their algorithm in Windows 7, as my routing table looks like this: IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.3 10 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.202.254.254 10.202.1.2 286 10.202.0.0 255.255.0.0 On-link 10.202.1.2 286 10.202.1.2 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.202.1.2 286 10.202.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.202.1.2 286 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.0.3 266 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.0.3 266 192.168.0.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.0.3 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.0.3 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.202.1.2 286 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.202.1.2 40 =========================================================================== The only "correct" metric is the first one (Gigabit connection = 10). However, other routes using the Gigabit connection have metric = 266, my VPN has metric = 286, and loopback is 306 (?!). Any idea what's going on?

    Read the article

  • Growing a Linux software RAID5 array

    - by chrismetcalf
    On my home file server, I've got a 1.5TB software RAID5 array, built from four 500gb Western Digital drives. I've got a fifth drive that I usually run as a hot spare (but have out of the array at the moment), but if I can I'd like to add that to the array and grow it to 2TB since I'm running out of space. I Googled for guidance, but there seem to be a lot of differing opinions out there (many of them probably now out-of-date) as to whether or not that is possible and/or smart. What's the right way to go about this, or should I start looking into building a new array with more space? Version details: %> cat /etc/issue Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 \n \l %> uname -a Linux magrathea 2.6.26-1-686-bigmem #1 SMP Sat Jan 10 19:13:22 UTC 2009 i686 GNU/Linux %> /sbin/mdadm --version mdadm - v2.6.7.2 - 14th November 2008 %> cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md1 : active raid1 hdc1[0] hdd1[1] 293033536 blocks [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid5 sde1[3] sda1[0] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] 1465151808 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU]

    Read the article

  • How to force mdadm to stop RAID5 array?

    - by lucek
    I have /dev/md127 RAID5 array that consisted of four drives. I managed to hot remove them from the array and currently /dev/md127 does not have any drives: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdd1[0] sda1[1] 304052032 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid0 sda5[1] sdd5[0] 16770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md127 : active raid5 super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/0] [____] unused devices: <none> and mdadm --detail /dev/md127 /dev/md127: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu Sep 6 10:39:57 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Sep 7 17:19:47 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 0 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 0 0 3 removed I've tried to do mdadm --stop /dev/md127 but: mdadm --stop /dev/md127 mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md127:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group? I made sure that it's unmounted, umount -l /dev/md127 and confirmed that it indeed is unmounted: umount /dev/md127 umount: /dev/md127: not mounted I've tried to zero superblock of each drive and I get (for each drive): mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sde1 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sde1 Here's output of lsof|grep md127: lsof|grep md127 md127_rai 276 root cwd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root rtd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root txt unknown /proc/276/exe What else can I do? LVM is not even installed so it can't be a factor.

    Read the article

  • Copying files between linux machines with strong authentication but without encryption

    - by Zizzencs
    I'm looking for a suitable program to copy files from one linux machine to another one. The program should be able to do authentication but it should not do encryption. The reason behind the latter is the lack of CPU power to do the encryption. I copy backups from ~70 machines to a single backup server simultaneously. The single server is an HP Proliant DL360 G7, with 10 Gbps ethernet connection and an FC storage backend that can do 4 Gbps. Through FTP I can write ~400MB/sec to the storage (that's about what I want) but through ssh with arcfour I can only do ~100MB/sec while having 100% CPU usage. That's why I want file transfers not to be encrypted. The alternatives that I found not really suitable: rcp: no authentication, forget it FTP: making the authentication "secure" (at least preventing plain-text password exchange) is possible but not really easy and I haven't found a method to force any FTP daemon to encrypt the control channel (for the authentication) and not to encrypt the data channel (for data transfers) SCP/SFTP: in farely recent ssh(d) implementations you can't turn off encryption. The best you can do is to use the arcfour cypher for the encryption but it sill uses too much CPU power for my needs. rsync over ssh: same problems as with SCP/SFTP. plain rsync: from the documentation of rsyncd: "The authentication protocol used in rsync is a 128 bit MD4 based challenge response system. This is fairly weak protection, though (with at least one brute-force hash-finding algorithm publicly available), so if you want really top-quality security, then I recommend that you run rsync over ssh." It's a no-go. Is there a protocol/program that can do exactly what I want? (A big plus would be if it could work on windows as well and/or if it would support rsync-stlye copying/synchronization (e.g. copy only the differences).)

    Read the article

  • Reusing slot numbers in Linux software RAID arrays

    - by thkala
    When a hard disk drive in one of my Linux machines failed, I took the opportunity to migrate from RAID5 to a 6-disk software RAID6 array. At the time of the migration I did not have all 6 drives - more specifically the fourth and fifth (slots 3 and 4) drives were already in use in the originating array, so I created the RAID6 array with a couple of missing devices. I now need to add those drives in those empty slots. Using mdadm --add does result in a proper RAID6 configuration, with one glitch - the new drives are placed in new slots, which results in this /proc/mdstat snippet: ... md0 : active raid6 sde1[7] sdd1[6] sda1[0] sdf1[5] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] 25185536 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [6/6] [UUUUUU] ... mdadm -E verifies that the actual slot numbers in the device superblocks are correct, yet the numbers shown in /proc/mdstat are still weird. I would like to fix this glitch, both to satisfy my inner perfectionist and to avoid any potential sources of future confusion in a crisis. Is there a way to specify which slot a new device should occupy in a RAID array? UPDATE: I have verified that the slot number persists in the component device superblock. For the version 1.0 superblocks that I am using that would be the dev_number field as defined in include/linux/raid/md_p.h of the Linux kernel source. I am now considering direct modification of said field to change the slot number - I don't suppose there is some standard way to manipulate the RAID superblock?

    Read the article

  • Upgrading PHP, MySQL old-passwords issue

    - by Rushyo
    I've inherited a Windows 2k3 server running an XAMPP-installation from the stone age. I needed to upgrade PHP to facilitate an upgrade to MediaWiki to facilitate a new MediaWiki extension (to facilitate some documentation to facilitate doing my job to facilitate getting paid to facilit... you get the idea). However... installing a new version of PHP resulted in PHP's MySQL libraries refusing to communicate using MySQL's 'old style' 152-bit passwords. Not a problem in theory. The MySQL installation is post-4.1, so it should have the functionality to upgrade the user's passwords from 152-bit to 328-bit (what a weird hashing algorithm...). I ran the following: SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('foo'); on MySQL but querying: SELECT user, password FROM mysql.user; returned just the same password I started out with - 152-bit. Now... I suspect you're thinking 'AHA! old-passwords is on!'. Unfortunately it's not - I've disabled it in the configuration (explicitly set it to 0), made doubly sure I have an absolute reference to that configuration file and ensured the service isn't using the --old-passwords flag. The service was reset after each and every operation. So I went onto another system and generated the 328-bit hash on there, copying the hash over to the first MySQL instance. Unfortunately, that didn't work either (I did remember to FLUSH PRIVILEGES). The application error is: "'mysqlnd cannot connect to MySQL 4.1+ using the old insecure authentication. Please use an administration tool [...snip...] Is there anything else I can try to get PHP to recognise MySQL as not using the 'old insecure authentication'? MySQL seems to be stuck in 'old-passwords' mode and I can't get it out of it.

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181  | Next Page >