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  • linux hardware raid 10 / lvm / virtual machine partition alignment and filesystem optimization

    - by Jason Ward
    I've been reading everything I can find about partition alignment and filesystem optimization (ext4 and xfs) but still don't know enough to be confident in setting up my current configuration. My remaining confusion comes from the LVM layer and if I should use raid parameters on the filesystem in guest os'es. My main questions are: When I use 'pvcreate --dataalignment' do I use the stripe-width as calculated for a filesystem on RAID (128kB for ext4 in my situation), the Stripe size of the RAID set (256kB), something else altogether, or do I not need this? When I create ext2/3/4 or xfs filesystems in guests on the Logical Volumes, should I add the settings for the underlying RAID (e.g. mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -E stride=64,stripe-width=128)? Does anyone see any glaring errors in my set up below? I'm running some benchmarks now but haven't done enough to start comparing results. I have four drives in RAID 10 on a 3ware 9750-4i controller (more details on the settings below) giving me a 6.0TB device at /dev/sda. Here is my partition table: Model: LSI 9750-4i DISK (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 5722024MiB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1.00MiB 257MiB 256MiB ext4 BOOTPART boot 2 257MiB 4353MiB 4096MiB linux-swap(v1) 3 4353MiB 266497MiB 262144MiB ext4 4 266497MiB 4460801MiB 4194304MiB Partition 1 is to be the /boot partition for my xen host. Partition 2 is swap. Partition 3 is to be the root (/) for my xen host. Partition 4 is to be (the only) physical volume to be used by LVM (for those who are counting, I left about 1.2TB unallocated for now) For my Xen guests, I usually create a Logical Volume of the needed size and present it to the guests for them to partition as needed. I know there are other ways of handling that but this method works best for my situation. Here's the hardware of interest on my CentOS 6.3 Xen Host: 4x Seagate Barracuda 3TB ST3000DM001 Drives (sector size: 512 logical/4096 physical) 3ware 9750-4i w/BBU (sector size reported: 512 logical/512 physical) All four drives make up a RAID 10 array. Stripe: 256kB Write Cache enabled Read Cache: intelligent StoreSave: Balance Thanks!

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  • Exadata ROI cases

    - by Javier Puerta
    The following cases illustrate the type of ROI benefits that customers can obtain from their investment in Exadata infrastructure. Australian Finance Group will achieve a 42% ROI by and break even in three years by consolidating Oracle E-Business Suite and Siebel applications on Oracle Exadata.  Read the ROI case at: http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/customers/afg-1-exadata-cs-1354807.pdf In addition to this study, there are Oracle Exadata Mainstay ROI Case Studies for the following: Merck -Pharma, Oracle Exadata Achieves Fivefold Performance Increase for Critical Product Research Platform Turkcell Accelerates Reporting Tenfold, Saves on Storage and Energy Costs with Consolidated Oracle Exadata Platform

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  • Managing Social Relationships for the Enterprise – Part 1

    - by Michael Hylton
    By Reggie Bradford, Senior Vice President, Oracle  Today, Mark Hurd, President of Oracle, Thomas Kurian, Executive Vice President of Oracle and I discussed the strategic importance of how social media is impacting the enterprise and how it is changing the way customers, prospects employees and investors interact with brands worldwide.  Oracle understands that the consumer is in control and as such, brands must evolve and change to meet growing needs. In addition, according to social media thought leader and Analyst from Altimeter Group, Jeremiah Owyang, companies now average 178 corporate-owned social media accounts. When Oracle added leading social marketing, listening analytics and development tools from Vitrue, Collective Intellect and Involver to its Oracle’s Cloud Services Suite we went beyond providing a single set of tools. We developed an entire framework to include a comprehensive social relationship management suite to help companies move beyond the social enterprise and achieve the social-enabled enterprise.  The fundamental shift from transaction to engagement means that enterprises need not only a social strategy, but should also ensure that the information and data received from social initiatives flow back to marketing, sales, support and service. Doing so enables companies to deliver a proactive and compelling experience and provides analytics to turn engagement into opportunity – and ultimately that opportunity into revenue.  On September 13, 2012, I am delighted to sit down with Jeremiah to further the discussion about how enterprises are addressing social media strategies and managing content.  In addition, we will be taking your questions after the webinar via Twitter (@Oracle, @ReggieBradford, @cfinn, @jowyang). Use #oracle and #socbiz to submit questions and follow the conversation. I look forward to speaking with you and answering your questions online.  For more information about becoming a social-enabled enterprise, visit www.oracle.com/social. And don’t miss the insights of other social business thought leaders at www.oracle.com/goto/socialbusiness.

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  • Security and the Mobile Workforce

    - by tobyehatch
    Now that many organizations are moving to the BYOD philosophy (bring your own devices), security for phones and tablets accessing company sensitive information is of paramount importance. I had the pleasure to interview Brian MacDonald, Principal Product Manager for Oracle Business Intelligence (BI) Mobile Products, about this subject, and he shared some wonderful insight about how the Oracle Mobile Security Tool Kit is addressing mobile security and doing some pretty cool things.  With the rapid proliferation of phones and tablets, there is a perception that mobile devices are a security threat to corporate IT, that mobile operating systems are not secure, and that there are simply too many ways to inadvertently provide access to critical analytic data outside the firewall. Every day, I see employees working on mobile devices at the airport, while waiting for their airplanes, and using public WIFI connections at coffee houses and in restaurants. These methods are not typically secure ways to access confidential company data. I asked Brian to explain why. “The native controls for mobile devices and applications are indeed insufficiently secure for corporate deployments of Business Intelligence and most certainly for businesses where data is extremely critical - such as financial services or defense - although it really applies across the board. The traditional approach for accessing data from outside a firewall is using a VPN connection which is not a viable solution for mobile. The problem is that once you open up a VPN connection on your phone or tablet, you are creating an opening for the whole device, for all the software and installed applications. Often the VPN connection by itself provides insufficient encryption – if any – which means that data can be potentially intercepted.” For this reason, most organizations that deploy Business Intelligence data via mobile devices will only do so with some additional level of control. So, how has the industry responded? What are companies doing to address this very real threat? Brian explained that “Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Application Management (MAM) software vendors have rapidly created solutions for mobile devices that provide a vast array of services for controlling, managing and establishing enterprise mobile usage policies. On the device front, vendors now support full levels of encryption behind the firewall, encrypted local data storage, credential management such as federated single-sign-on as well as remote wipe, geo-fencing and other risk reducing features (should a device be lost or stolen). More importantly, these software vendors have created methods for providing these capabilities on a per application basis, allowing for complete isolation of the application from the mobile operating system. Finally, there are tools which allow the applications themselves to be distributed through enterprise application stores allowing IT organizations to manage who has access to the apps, when updates to the applications will happen, and revoke access after an employee leaves. So even though an employee may be using a personal device, access to company data can be controlled while on or near the company premises. So do the Oracle BI mobile products integrate with the MDM and MAM vendors? Brian explained that our customers use a wide variety of mobile security vendors and may even have more than one in-house. Therefore, Oracle is ensuring that users have a choice and a mechanism for linking together Oracle’s BI offering with their chosen vendor’s secure technology. The Oracle BI Mobile Security Toolkit, which is a version of the Oracle BI Mobile HD application, delivered through the Oracle Technology Network (OTN) in its component parts, helps Oracle users to build their own version of the Mobile HD application, sign it with their own enterprise development certificates, link with their security vendor of choice, then deploy the combined application through whichever means they feel most appropriate, including enterprise application stores.  Brian further explained that Oracle currently supports most of the major mobile security vendors, has close relationships with each, and maintains strong partnerships enabling both Oracle and the vendors to test, update and release a cooperating solution in lock-step. Oracle also ensures that as new versions of the Oracle HD application are made available on the Apple iTunes store, the same version is also immediately made available through the Security Toolkit on OTN.  Rest assured that as our workforce continues down the mobile path, company sensitive information can be secured.  To listen to the entire podcast, click here. To learn more about the Oracle BI Mobile HD, click  here To learn more about the BI Mobile Security Toolkit, click here 

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  • How can I use dynamic routing with openvpn tunnels?

    - by pQd
    i'm thinking about using dynamic routing [ OSPF or RIP ] via OpenVPN tunnels. right now i have few offices connected in full mesh, but this is not scalable solution as we add more locations. i would like to avoid situation when plenty of internal traffic is affected if one of two vpn termination points that i plan to use is down. do you have similar configuration working in production? if so - what routing daemon did you use - quagga? something else? did you encounter any problems? thanks!

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  • Chrooted pygopherd fails to find new directories and files

    - by Carsten R
    I tried to setup a Pygopherd on my server. The default setup works fine, but when I try to change the gophermap to point to a new directory with a new file, I get an error message in my gopher client: --- [1] '/path/to/gopher/newdir' does not exist (no handler found) First I thought this is caused by the chroot in which pygopherd runs as default. But when I disable the chroot, the same error comes up. Did anyone successfully set up pygopherd or knows about a better gopher server?

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  • Linux And NTFS Permissions

    - by VGE IT
    Trying to restrict a folder within a directory created in linux filesystem. I have changed the permissions to: root rwx, a special active directory group rwx and all others r. Upon doing so, people that are not in the special AD group can access the directory and modify files. Upon doing so the group changes to "Domain Users" when the user modifies documents within the directory. I have to manualy change the documents default group back to my AD group. I have tried to create another AD group and modify permissons to deny write access. When doing so through windows explorer, the settings seem to take affect until I go back in a look at permissions for the restricted group. No permissions show when I view for the second time. Please assist. Samba share properties [MyShare] comment = "blah blah blah" browseable = yes guest ok = no read only = no path = /xxx/xxxxx/ create mask = 0640 directory mask = 0750 admin users = @"domain\Domain Admins", @"domain\group A", @"domain\group B" valid users = @"domain\Domain Admins", @"domain\group A", @"domain\group B" nt acl support = Yes inherit acls = yes inherit owner = yes inherit permissions = yes

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  • Solaris 11 SRU / Update relationship explained, and blackout period on delivery of new bug fixes eliminated

    - by user12244672
    Relationship between SRUs and Update releases As you may know, Support Repository Updates (SRUs) for Oracle Solaris 11 are released monthly and are available to customers with an appropriate support contract.  SRUs primarily deliver bug fixes.  They may also deliver low risk feature enhancements. Solaris Update are typically released once or twice a year, containing support for new hardware, new software feature enhancements, and all bug fixes available at the time the Update content was finalized.  They also contain a significant number of new bug fixes, for issues found internally in Oracle and complex customer bug fixes which  require significant "soak" time to ensure their efficacy prior to release. Changes to SRU and Update Naming Conventions We're changing the naming convention of Update releases from a date based format such as Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 to a simpler "dot" version numbering, e.g. Oracle Solaris 11.1. Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 (i.e. the initial Oracle Solaris 11 release) may be referred to as 11.0. SRUs will simply be named as "dot.dot" releases, e.g. Oracle Solaris 11.1.1, for SRU1 after Oracle Solaris 11.1. Many Oracle products and infrastructure tools such as BugDB and MOS are tailored towards this "dot.dot" style of release naming, so these name changes align Oracle Solaris with these conventions. No Blackout Periods on Bug Fix Releases The Oracle Solaris 11 release process has been enhanced to eliminate blackout periods on the delivery of new bug fixes to customers. Previously, Oracle Solaris Updates were a superset of all preceding bug fix deliveries.  This made for a very simple update message - that which releases later is always a superset of that which was delivered previously. However, it had a downside.  Once the contents of an Update release were frozen prior to release, the release of new bug fixes for customer issues was also frozen to maintain the Update's superset relationship. Since the amount of change allowed into the final internal builds of an Update release is reduced to mitigate risk, this throttling back also impacted the release of new bug fixes to customers. This meant that there was effectively a 6 to 9 week hiatus on the release of new bug fixes prior to the release of each Update.  That wasn't good for customers awaiting critical bug fixes. We've eliminated this hiatus on the delivery of new bug fixes in Oracle Solaris 11 by allowing new bug fixes to continue to be released in SRUs even after the contents of the next Update release have been frozen. The release of SRUs will remain contiguous, with the first SRU released after the Update release effectively being a superset of both the the Update release and all preceding SRUs*.  That is, later SRUs are supersets of the content of previous SRUs. Therefore, the progression path from the final SRUs prior to the Update release is to the first SRU after the Update release, rather than to the Update release itself. The timeline / logical sequence of releases can be shown as follows: Updates: 11.0                                                11.1                               11.2     etc.                  \                                                         \                                    \ SRUs:       11.0.1, 11.0.2,...,11.0.12, 11.0.13, 11.1.1, 11.1.2,...,11.1.x, 11.2.1, etc. For example, for systems with Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 SRU12.4 or later installed, the recommended update path is to Oracle Solaris 11.1.1 (i.e. SRU1 after Solaris 11.1) or later rather than to the Solaris 11.1 release itself.  This will ensure no bug fixes are "lost" during the update. If for any reason you do wish to update from SRU12.4 or later to the 11.1 release itself - for example to update a test system - the instructions to do so are in the SRU12.4 README, https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download?type=readme&aru=15564533 For systems with Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 SRU11.4 or earlier installed, customers can update to either the 11.1 release or any 11.1 SRU as both will be supersets of their current version. Please do read the README of the SRU you are updating to, as it will contain important installation instructions which will save you time and effort. *Nerdy details: SRUs only contain the latest change delta relative to the Update on which they are based.  Their dependencies will, however, effectively pull in the Update content.  Customers maintaining a local Repo (e.g. behind their firewall), need to add both the 11.1 content and the relevant SRU content to their Repo, to enable the SRU's dependencies to be resolved.  Both will be available from the standard Support Repo and from MOS.  This is no different to existing SRUs for Oracle Solaris 11.0, whereby you may often get away with using just the SRU content to update, but the original 11.0 content may be needed in the Repo to resolve dependencies.

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  • KVM Virtual guest Paused on Reboot

    - by David Hamilton
    I'm running REHL 6 and just installed a Ubuntu Server Guest via KVM set to start at boot. This works correctly and the guest loads, but it loads "paused" and requires that I manually un-pause it. Can someone give me a hint as to how I can I get the Guest OS to actually become active on boot? Here is the libvert dump as requested...Also tried libvert auto-start --- no effect. <domain type='kvm' id='1'> <name>MailServer</name> <uuid>a61dae75-1f5c-d536-718f-3c615d9b4868</uuid> <memory>4194304</memory> <currentMemory>4194304</currentMemory> <vcpu>4</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.0.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/> <source file='/home/MailServer/MailServer-1.img'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> <alias name='ide0-0-0'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <disk type='block' device='cdrom'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> <alias name='ide0-1-0'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/> </disk> <controller type='ide' index='0'> <alias name='ide0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:cd:f9:9f'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <target dev='vnet0'/> <model type='virtio'/> <alias name='net0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <source path='/dev/pts/1'/> <target port='0'/> <alias name='serial0'/> </serial> <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/1'> <source path='/dev/pts/1'/> <target port='0'/> <alias name='serial0'/> </console> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes'/> <sound model='ac97'> <alias name='sound0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </sound> <video> <model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/> <alias name='video0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <memballoon model='virtio'> <alias name='balloon0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> <seclabel type='dynamic' model='selinux'> <label>system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c211,c271</label> <imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c211,c271</imagelabel> </seclabel></domain>

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  • Setting up MongoDB in High Performance Computing LSF linux cluster

    - by Dnaiel
    I am trying to run mongo in a LSF cluster computing environment where I have no admin control. Our sysadmin installed mongodb, but it is not running. Any ideas on what should I ask the server admin to do for it to run? Or if I could run it locally? [node1382]allelix> mongod --dbpath /users/dnaiel/ma/mongodb/ Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=22436 port=27017 dbpath=/seq/epigenome01/allelix/ma/mongodb/ 64-bit host=node1382 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running on a NUMA machine. Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] ** We suggest launching mongod like this to avoid performance problems: Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] ** numactl --interleave=all mongod [other options] Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] db version v2.2.0, pdfile version 4.5 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] git version: f5e83eae9cfbec7fb7a071321928f00d1b0c5207 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] build info: Linux ip-10-2-29-40 2.6.21.7-2.ec2.v1.2.fc8xen #1 SMP Fri Nov 20 17:48:28 EST 2009 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] options: { dbpath: "/users/dnaiel/ma/mongodb/" } Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] journal dir=users/dnaiel/ma/mongodb/journal Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] recover begin Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] info no lsn file in journal/ directory Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] recover lsn: 0 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] recover /seq/epigenome01/allelix/ma/mongodb/journal/j._0 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] recover cleaning up Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] removeJournalFiles Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] recover done Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017 Tue Oct 2 21:33:48 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017 It basically waits forever and cannot start mongodb. These servers are not webservers but they do have network access, it's a cloud computing LSF environment system. Any advice would be welcome, thanks in advance.

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  • Backup plan for linux webserver in small business?

    - by radman
    Hi, I am currently in the process of writing a backup plan for the webserver in use by my business. I am very new to this area and have a few ideas about how things should work but am unsure of what tools to use and what sort of restore process is appropriate. I'm looking for something relatively simplistic and it doesn't have to be 100% paranoid just enough to give me a reliable backup. Speed is not of the essence and there is not going to be a live fallback in place. The backup will be onto a single hdd that will be stored onsite (no option for offsite as yet). Backups will be taking place weekly. I am constrained by both time and money which is why I'm aiming for a good enough solution. Is taking an image of the webserver system drive periodically and using that as the backup appropriate? Should I be testing that the backups restore correctly every time that I perform one? This is a bit broad but what setup would you use if you were in my place, given the services I am running? Should I add additonal machines and split the services? Any advice is much appreciated! See below for server details Webserver Platform Linux Ubuntu server Running mail-server svn-server mediawiki wordpress apache-webserver Hardware single 500gb sata drive Architecture Single machine behind router (with firewall) accessible to the internet.

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  • Eliminating Downtime During Database Upgrades: A Customer Case Study

    - by irem.radzik(at)oracle.com
    Planned outages, such as database, OS, hardware upgrades and migrations, are a fact of life. Even though they are "planned" and many of them are performed during "off business hours", they can still interrupt operations-- especially for global operations and online businesses. For this reason many IT organizations postpone these critical infrastructure improvement projects, which in turn result in delays in advancing business operations. This week, on Thursday January 13th, we will host a free webcast on this topic, and will feature Oracle GoldenGate's customer Atmos Energy. Atmos Energy implemented Oracle GoldenGate for eliminating downtime during their database upgrade from Oracle Database 8.1.7 to Oracle Database 11.1.0.7. Jos Francis, Lead DBA for Atmos, and Ronald Nedd, Sr. DBA for Atmos, will be presenting their database upgrade project and their solution architecture. Join us at this live webcast and hear from our customer and product management how to eliminate planned outages with Oracle GoldenGate's real-time, heterogeneous data replication capabilities.

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  • dns queries not using nscd for caching

    - by xenoterracide
    I'm trying to use nscd (Nameservices Cache Daemon) to cache dns locally so I can stop using bind to do it. I've gotten it started and ntpd seems to attempt to use it. But everything else for hosts seems to ignore it. e.g if I do dig apache.org 3 times none of them will hit the cache. I'm viewing the cache stats using nscd -g to determine whether it's been used. I've also turned the debug log level up to see if I can see it hitting and the queries don't even hit nscd. nsswitch.conf # Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf passwd: files group: files shadow: files publickey: files hosts: cache files dns networks: files protocols: files services: files ethers: files rpc: files netgroup: files # End /etc/nsswitch.confenter code here nscd.conf # # /etc/nscd.conf # # An example Name Service Cache config file. This file is needed by nscd. # # Legal entries are: # # logfile <file> # debug-level <level> # threads <initial #threads to use> # max-threads <maximum #threads to use> # server-user <user to run server as instead of root> # server-user is ignored if nscd is started with -S parameters # stat-user <user who is allowed to request statistics> # reload-count unlimited|<number> # paranoia <yes|no> # restart-interval <time in seconds> # # enable-cache <service> <yes|no> # positive-time-to-live <service> <time in seconds> # negative-time-to-live <service> <time in seconds> # suggested-size <service> <prime number> # check-files <service> <yes|no> # persistent <service> <yes|no> # shared <service> <yes|no> # max-db-size <service> <number bytes> # auto-propagate <service> <yes|no> # # Currently supported cache names (services): passwd, group, hosts, services # logfile /var/log/nscd.log threads 4 max-threads 32 server-user nobody # stat-user somebody debug-level 9 # reload-count 5 paranoia no # restart-interval 3600 enable-cache passwd yes positive-time-to-live passwd 600 negative-time-to-live passwd 20 suggested-size passwd 211 check-files passwd yes persistent passwd yes shared passwd yes max-db-size passwd 33554432 auto-propagate passwd yes enable-cache group yes positive-time-to-live group 3600 negative-time-to-live group 60 suggested-size group 211 check-files group yes persistent group yes shared group yes max-db-size group 33554432 auto-propagate group yes enable-cache hosts yes positive-time-to-live hosts 3600 negative-time-to-live hosts 20 suggested-size hosts 211 check-files hosts yes persistent hosts yes shared hosts yes max-db-size hosts 33554432 enable-cache services yes positive-time-to-live services 28800 negative-time-to-live services 20 suggested-size services 211 check-files services yes persistent services yes shared services yes max-db-size services 33554432 resolv.conf # Generated by dhcpcd from eth0 nameserver 127.0.0.1 domain westell.com nameserver 192.168.1.1 nameserver 208.67.222.222 nameserver 208.67.220.220 as kind of a side note I'm using archlinux.

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  • Bridging Wireless and Wired Interfaces in Linux

    - by The Daemons Advocate
    My network setup is something like: Wireless Router <---> Netbook <---> Ubuntu Desktop ...or, more verbosely (with interfaces): Wireless Router <--(wireless)--> (eth2) Ubuntu Netbook Ubuntu Netbook (eth0) <---(wired)----> (eth0) Ubuntu Desktop In a perfect world, I'd have the desktop wired, but weird circumstances combined with my wanting to understand more about networking in linux make me want to figure out how to bridge these two devices. A bit of googling has given me this example using bridge-utils, and here's how I'm (failing) to setup the bridge (on the netbook): sudo -i ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 ifconfig eth2 0.0.0.0 brctl addbr bridget brctl addif bridget eth0 brctl addif bridget eth2 ifconfig bridget up ...then, trying to make sure that the netbook can still get on the internets... route add default gateway 192.168.2.1 dhclient bridget What happens after this is that the dhclient command above (netbook) doesn't get served an IP, and the Desktop, if I run dhclient, it doesn't get served an IP. Some weird considerations might be that I'm running the Network Manager Applet that comes with Ubuntu. While I'm sure I can get a command line wireless configuration setup, it's a bit complex. Can someone give me a shout as to where I'm going wrong? I'd also like to note another related question titled 'Bridging my laptop’s wireless and wired adaptors', however the setup is different to mine.

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  • More on PHP and Oracle 11gR2 Improvements to Client Result Caching

    - by christopher.jones
    Oracle 11.2 brought several improvements to Client Result Caching. CRC is way for the results of queries to be cached in the database client process for reuse.  In an Oracle OpenWorld presentation "Best Practices for Developing Performant Application" my colleague Luxi Chidambaran had a (non-PHP generated) graph for the Niles benchmark that shows a DB CPU reduction up to 600% and response times up to 22% faster when using CRC. Sometimes CRC is called the "Consistent Client Cache" because Oracle automatically invalidates the cache if table data is changed.  This makes it easy to use without needing application logic rewrites. There are a few simple database settings to turn on and tune CRC, so management is also easy. PHP OCI8 as a "client" of the database can use CRC.  The cache is per-process, so plan carefully before caching large data sets.  Tables that are candidates for caching are look-up tables where the network transfer cost dominates. CRC is really easy in 11.2 - I'll get to that in a moment.  It was also pretty easy in Oracle 11.1 but it needed some tiny application changes.  In PHP it was used like: $s = oci_parse($c, "select /*+ result_cache */ * from employees"); oci_execute($s, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT); // Use OCI_DEFAULT in OCI8 <= 1.3 oci_fetch_all($s, $res); I blogged about this in the past.  The query had to include a specific hint that you wanted the results cached, and you needed to turn off auto committing during execution either with the OCI_DEFAULT flag or its new, better-named alias OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT.  The no-commit flag rule didn't seem reasonable to me because most people wouldn't be specific about the commit state for a query. Now in Oracle 11.2, DBAs can now nominate tables for caching, either with CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE.  That means you don't need the query hint anymore.  As well, the no-commit flag requirement has been lifted.  Your code can now look like: $s = oci_parse($c, "select * from employees"); oci_execute($s); oci_fetch_all($s, $res); Since your code probably already looks like this, your DBA can find the top queries in the database and simply tune the system by turning on CRC in the database and issuing an ALTER TABLE statement for candidate tables.  Voila. Another CRC improvement in Oracle 11.2 is that it works with DRCP connection pooling. There is some fine print about what is and isn't cached, check the Oracle manuals for details.  If you're using 11.1 or non-DRCP "dedicated servers" then make sure you use oci_pconnect() persistent connections.  Also in PHP don't bind strings in the query, although binding as SQLT_INT is OK.

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  • Simulating audio playback on headless linux server

    - by afro
    Hi people, We have a headless linux server (Debian 5) we use for runnin integration tests of our web-page code. Among these tests are ones implemented using Selenium, which practically simulates a user browsing our pages and clicking on things. One of these tests is failing now, because it involves starting a flash-based audio player and checking to see whether the progress bar gets displayed properly. The reason this test fails is that there is no way to play the audio, and no sound card on the machine, which has simple webserver hardware. So, my question would be: Is there a simple way of giving a program the impression that its audio output is being processed, and playback is taking place? I don't have to record the playback, or redirect it or anything like that, just a dummy soundcard, like the dummy X-server we aer using, which actually does not need to display stuff. I have tried using JACK, but it's too complicated, and the documentation does not even answer this very simple question. I also installed alsa on the server; it 'pretends' to run, but when a program tries to play audio, just spews error and debug information having to do with the non-existence of a soundcard. It would be really awesome if one of you has a simple answer to this question. Cheers, Ulas

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  • Traffic shaping on Linux with HTB: weird results

    - by DADGAD
    I'm trying to have some simple bandwidth throttling set up on a Linux server and I'm running into what seems to be very weird stuff despite a seemingly trivial config. I want to shape traffic coming to a specific client IP (10.41.240.240) to a hard maximum of 75Kbit/s. Here's how I set up the shaping: # tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb default 1 r2q 1 # tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 75Kbit # tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 75kbit # tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio 1 u32 match ip dst 10.41.240.240 flowid 1:10 To test, I start a file download over HTTP from the said client machine and measure the resulting speed by looking at Kb/s in Firefox. Now, the behaviour is rather puzzling: the DL starts at about 10Kbyte/s and proceeds to pick up speed until it stabilizes at about 75Kbytes/s (Kilobytes, not Kilobits as configured!). Then, If I start several parallel downloads of that very same file, each download stabilizes at about 45Kbytes/s; the combined speed of those downloads thus greatly exceeds the configured maximum. Here's what I get when probing tc for debug info [root@kup-gw-02 /]# tc -s qdisc show dev eth1 qdisc htb 1: r2q 1 default 1 direct_packets_stat 1 Sent 17475717 bytes 1334 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 2782 requeues 0) rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 12p requeues 0 [root@kup-gw-02 /]# tc -s class show dev eth1 class htb 1:1 root rate 75000bit ceil 75000bit burst 1608b cburst 1608b Sent 14369397 bytes 1124 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) rate 577896bit 5pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 lended: 1 borrowed: 0 giants: 1938 tokens: -205561 ctokens: -205561 class htb 1:10 parent 1:1 prio 0 **rate 75000bit ceil 75000bit** burst 1608b cburst 1608b Sent 14529077 bytes 1134 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) **rate 589888bit** 5pps backlog 0b 11p requeues 0 lended: 1123 borrowed: 0 giants: 1938 tokens: -205561 ctokens: -205561 What I can't for the life of me understand is this: how come I get a "rate 589888bit 5pps" with a config of "rate 75000bit ceil 75000bit"? Why does the effective rate get so much higher than the configured rate? What am I doing wrong? Why is it behaving the way it is? Please help, I'm stumped. Thanks guys.

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  • RTL8192SU + RTL8191E Linux Issue Installing Driver

    - by s32ialx
    OK I've read tons of fourms of people getting the onboard RTL8191E working and the RTL8192SU working dif is U = USB they are both N and i have both Toshiba L500D-00T pre-installed Win Vistax64-HP and i have obtained the free Win7x64-HP upgrade the onboard wificard sucks and can't hold a stable connection for more then 20minutes in windows but the usb is amazing. Now problem is i tried both Ubuntu and Mandriva with no resolve the issue is the onboard drive detects and actually SHOWS that it's there but no wireless networks detect so it's saying no SSID's are broadcasting which i know is a lie since I'm running a 2wire bell dsl modem with built in wifi and a Linksys wrt54g w/ DD-WRT firmware and both are broadcasting fine. Why don't i use the USB? new in Mandriva Linux Control Center 2010.0 it shows up in Other/Unknown as RTL8191S WLAN Adapter and on the right pane this shows up Identification Vendor: ?Manufacturer Realtek Description: ?RTL8191S WLAN Adapter Media class: ? Connection Bus: ?USB Bus PCI #: ?1 PCI device #: ?5 Vendor ID: ?0x0bda Device ID: ?0x8172 Sub vendor ID: ?0x0000 Sub device ID: ?0x0000 Misc Module: ?rtl819xU In the hardware device manager in mandriva it shows up as unknown but shows that it's realtek and that it's a 8192 chipset. but no option to for a driver install and when i do a make in terminal i get this error and no clue what it means [root@John-PC rtl8192se_linux_2.6.0010.1020.2009_64bit]# make make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.31.12-desktop-3mnb/build: No such file or directory. Stop. make: *** [all] Error 2 [root@John-PC rtl8192se_linux_2.6.0010.1020.2009_64bit]# any help appreciated. and just encase I'm running currently Mandriva Spring 2010 Free

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  • My linux server "Number of processes created" and "Context switches" are growing incredibly fast

    - by Jorge Fuentes González
    I have a strange behaviour in my server :-/. Is a OpenVZ VPS (I think is OpenVZ, because /proc/user_beancounters exists and df -h returns /dev/simfs drive. Also ifconfig returns venet0). When I do cat /proc/stat, I can see how each second about 50-100 processes are created and happens about 800k-1200k context switches! All that info is with the server completely idle, no traffic nor programs running. Top shows 0 load average and 100% idle CPU. I've closed all non-needed services (httpd, mysqld, sendmail, nagios, named...) and the problem still happens. I do ps -ALf each second too and I don't see any changes, only a new ps process is created each time and the PID is just the same as before + 1, so new processes are not created, so I thought that process growing in cat /proc/stat must be threads (Yes, seems that processes in /proc/stat counts threads creation too as this states: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:8NLgzKEzHQQJ:www.linuxhowtos.org/System/procstat.htm&hl=es&tbo=d&gl=es&strip=1). I've changed to /proc dir and done cat [PID]\status with all PIDs listed with ls (Including kernel ones) and in any process voluntary_ctxt_switches nor nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches are growing at the same speed as cat /proc/stat does (just a few tens/second), Threads keeps the same also. I've done strace -p PID to all process too so I can see if any process is crating threads or something but the only process that has a bit of movement is ssh and that movement is read/write operations because of the data is sending to my terminal. After that, I've done vmstat -s and saw that forks is growing at the same speed processes in /proc/stat does. As http://linux.die.net/man/2/fork says, each fork() creates a new PID but my server PID is not growing! The last thing I can think of is that all process data that proc/stat and vmstat -s show is shared with all the other VPS stored in the same machine, but I don't know if that is correct... If someone can throw some light on this I would be really grateful.

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  • High load average due to high system cpu load (%sys)

    - by Nick
    We have server with high traffic website. Recently we moved from 2 x 4 core server (8 cores in /proc/cpuinfo), 32 GB RAM, running CentOS 5.x, to 2 x 4 core server (16 cores in /proc/cpuinfo), 32 GB RAM, running CentOS 6.3 Server running nginx as a proxy, mysql server and sphinx-search. Traffic is high, but mysql and sphinx-search databases are relatively small, and usually everything works blazing fast. Today server experienced load average of 100++. Looking at top and sar, we noticed that (%sys) is very high - 50 to 70%. Disk utilization was less 1%. We tried to reboot, but problem existed after the reboot. At any moment server had at least 3-4 GB free RAM. Only message shown by dmesg was "possible SYN flooding on port 80. Sending cookies.". Here is snippet of sar 11:00:01 CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 11:10:01 all 21.60 0.00 66.38 0.03 0.00 11.99 We know that this is traffic issue, but we do not know how to proceed future and where to check for solution. Is there a way we can find where exactly those "66.38%" are used. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

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  • Debian/Ubuntu - No network connection

    - by leviathanus
    I have a very weird situation on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server. I can not access (ping) my gateway, although I believe my config is ok - I attach the outputs. Any hints where to look? (I changed the beginning of the IP to something different, just obfuscation) ping 5.9.10.129 PING 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) 56(84) bytes of data. From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable uname -r 3.2.0-29-generic ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 3c:97:0e:0e:54:d7 inet addr:5.9.10.142 Bcast:5.9.10.159 Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: fe80::8e70:5aff:feda:c4ac/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1216 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:490 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:107470 (107.4 KB) TX bytes:34344 (34.3 KB) Interrupt:17 Memory:d2500000-d2520000 ip route default via 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 metric 100 5.9.10.128/27 via 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 5.9.10.128/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 5.9.10.142 route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 5.9.10.129 0.0.0.0 UG 1000 0 0 eth0 5.9.10.128 5.9.10.129 255.255.255.224 UG 0 0 0 eth0 5.9.10.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0 iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination UPD: Eric, this is how routing information looks on a working server: 0.0.0.0 78.47.198.49 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 78.47.198.48 78.47.198.49 255.255.255.240 UG 0 0 0 eth0 78.47.198.48 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth0 As I understand it, Hetzner tries to ensure security by this, so I can not take over an IP by changing my MAC. But this is another server, which has another netmask (255.255.255.240) UPD2: BatchyX, on the working server: 78.47.198.49 dev eth0 src 78.47.198.60 cache on the broken: 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 src 5.9.10.142 cache

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  • Arch Linux drops me on my school network

    - by Kravlin
    I'm running a Lenovo X61 which i carry around my college for getting on the internet at various points in the day. The network has always been finicky but recently it's gotten worse. I'll connect using iwconfig, get an ip from dhcpcd and log in using vpnc to their system. Sometimes I'll stay connected for hours but most of the time within 30 seconds my network traffic will drop to zero and i'll be unable to do anything. My computer still belives it's connected, however to try again i need to put my wireless interface down, put it back up and try again. It's gotten so bad that i've got a window on my computer pinging yahoo or google constantly in order to know if i'm still able to get online. I know other people who have used Arch Linux that don't have the same problems as well as people who use Ubuntu who haven't had any problems either. It seems like my computer is a special case. Does anyone have any suggestions on how to fix it? dmesg doesn't show anything out of the ordinary going on and i don't know where else to look for errors or other things to try. Edit: this doesn't happen on my home network. It's a problem that only happens at school.

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  • Creating a New XML Publisher Report Using an Existing EBS Purchasing Report

    - by Annemarie Provisero
    ADVISOR WEBCAST: Creating a New XML Publisher Report Using an Existing EBS Purchasing Report PRODUCT FAMILY: EBS - Procurement November 22, 2011 at 9:00 am EST, 12:00 pm, Mid-Atlantic Standard Time, 2:00 pm London, 4:00 pm, Egypt Time This one-hour session is recommended for technical and functional users who want to try and create their own reports in Purchasing based on existing (seeded) oracle report. TOPICS WILL INCLUDE: Introduction to XML Publisher Oracle BI Publisher Desktop Setup and Process Demo References A short, live demonstration (only if applicable) and question and answer period will be included. Oracle Advisor Webcasts are dedicated to building your awareness around our products and services. This session does not replace offerings from Oracle Global Support Services. Click here to register for this session ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The above webcast is a service of the E-Business Suite Communities in My Oracle Support. For more information on other webcasts, please reference the Oracle Advisor Webcast Schedule.Click here to visit the E-Business Communities in My Oracle Support Note that all links require access to My Oracle Support.

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  • file corruption on read/write 2.6.32-22-server (happens across many kernels)

    - by Jonathan
    Hi Guys, I'm having an issue where after the server has been up for a period of time (~week/few days) the server will start reading corrupt data. For instance when I run a sha1sum of a file after a fresh boot it remains the same. However after a while I will start to get segfaults and from then on whenever I read this file I get a different sha1sum. I've checked S.M.A.R.T with long tests and I've run an extended memtest86+(12 passes) My lspci is as follows: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 Host Bridge 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (int gfx) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 2) 00:07.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 3) 00:11.0 SATA controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 SATA Controller [AHCI mode] 00:12.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:12.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller 00:12.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller 00:13.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:13.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller 00:13.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller 00:14.0 SMBus: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 3c) 00:14.1 IDE interface: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 IDE Controller 00:14.3 ISA bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 LPC host controller 00:14.4 PCI bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge 00:14.5 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI2 Controller 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control 01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Radeon HD 3300 Graphics 01:05.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc RS780 Azalia controller 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 PCI-E Ethernet Controller (rev b0) 03:00.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): VIA Technologies, Inc. Device 3403 I could really use some help on this, do you have any idea what could cause this? It's really frustrating me as it seems to trigger entirely randomly and will not go away until I reboot. I'm also use KVM for virtualization as well as MD for software RAID on this server and the processor is a Phenom II X4 965. I don't believe it's the software raid however as this affects files also hosted on non-raid partitions so I don't know.

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  • Listing the routing table takes long time to complete

    - by Rafal Rawicki
    When I print routes defined on my computer using route, it takes about 5 to 20 seconds to complete. Why does it take so much time? With VPN enabled: $ time sudo route Kernel IP routing table (...) real 0m21.423s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.012s With no VPN, this is about 5 seconds - still, computer can do a lot in this time. I've repeated my measurements few times, getting very similar results each try. My machine is Ubuntu with 3.0.0 kernel, but as far as I know, route on the other computers works the same way.

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