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  • What is the difference between type and type.__new__ in python?

    - by Jason Baker
    I was writing a metaclass and accidentally did it like this: class MetaCls(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): return type(name, bases, dict) ...instead of like this: class MetaCls(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, dict) What exactly is the difference between these two metaclasses? And more specifically, what caused the first one to not work properly (some classes weren't called into by the metaclass)?

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  • Ruby Rails _without_ ActiveRecord

    - by devlearn
    Hello, I'm looking for any pointers on how to write a rails web app without ActiveRecord. A doc or an example of a (not too complex) web app using storage backends other than a relational database would be greatly appreciated. It's not clear on what should be implemented in the model classes in order to make the rails app work without the ActiveRecord layer. Thanks,

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  • Find out why Xcode has decided to link to a particular library

    - by andygeers
    I'm using the Unity 3D engine to build an iPhone app, and when I go to generate my Xcode project for compilation, it includes a few fairly large libraries: Mono.Security.dll.s, System.dll.s, System.Core.dll.s, etc. I don't know if this question is really an Xcode question or a Unity question, but I'm trying to figure out why each of those libraries is being linked - which functions / classes are being referenced - ideally so that I can rewrite my code to remove as many of the dependencies as possible. Does anybody know a way to find this information out?

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  • In Selenium, how do I turn off logging?

    - by someguy
    I am using the following method: set_browser_log_level 'off' but my log level continues to include INFOs. I am trying to suppress both logging and the "Last 4 commands" display for when my test enters a login password. http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-remote-control/0.9.2/doc/ruby/classes/Selenium/SeleniumDriver.html#M000128

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  • Access Grails domain class from GroovyShell script

    - by Martin Dow
    I'm trying to use GroovyShell to evaluate some snippets of code from within a Grails application, but I don't seem to be able to access our Grails domain classes. For example when I try to evaluate something like this: Eval.me("my.package.MyDomainClass.get(1)") I see an error like this: groovy.lang.MissingPropertyException: No such property: my for class: Script1 Any thoughts on how I can get this to work? Thanks.

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  • How can I load a property lazily in JDO (on Google App Engine)?

    - by luciano
    I have this code in one of my @PersistenceCapable classes: @Persistent private Blob data; The Blob can be quite big, so I'd like to load it lazily since most of the times I don't need it. How can I annotate that property to avoid immediate loading? I could create another class that contains the Blob alone and then use a lazy one-to-one, but I'd like to solve this with annotations.

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  • Why should GoTos be bad?

    - by lisn
    I'm using gotos and a lot of them. C++, PHP or COBOL - I use them on nearly all occasions where everybody else would use functions or even classes. Yet my code is Clear Maintainable Bug-free Fast So why does everybody I meet tell me about how bad gotos are? Are there any facts that show that they are "bad"?

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  • Extending Visual Studio with a Custom Designer

    - by Mick
    How do I create a custom Visual Studio 2008 UI designer for a C# file? For example, when you double click on a DataSet in the Solution Explorer, a UI screen appears that allows you to edit the DataSet, even though it is defined in XML/code (which you can right click and "View Code"). Usually this code is separated from user code in some way, either by region ("Windows Forms Designer Generated Code"), by codegen (".g.cs" for WPF XAML files), or some other means like partial classes.

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  • Rails 3 Abstract Class vs Inherited Class

    - by R. Yanchuleff
    In my rails 3 model, I have two classes: Product, Service. I want both to be of type InventoryItem because I have another model called Store and Store has_many :InventoryItems This is what I'm trying to get to, but I'm not sure how to model this in my InventoryItem model and my Product and Service models. Should InventoryItem just be a parent class that Product and Service inherit from, or should InventoryItem be modeled as a class abstract of which Product and Service extend from. Thanks in advance for the advice!

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  • SRP & "axis of change"?

    - by lance
    I'm reading Bob Martin's principles of OOD, specifically the SRP text, and I understand the spirit of what it's saying pretty well, but I don't quite understand a particular phrasing, from page 2 of the link (page 150 of the book): I paraphrase: It is important to separate these two responsibilities into separate classes because each responsibility is an axis of change. What exactly is meant here by "axis of change"?

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  • ZendSession giving fatal error when trying to include...

    - by Ronedog
    I'm getting an error when trying to include Session.php for the ZendFramework. Here's how I include it: $ZEND_LIBRARY_PATH = "path_to_zend_library_folder"; set_include_path( get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . $ZEND_LIBRARY_PATH); include_once '../classes/zend/library/zend/Session.php'; $account_info = new Zend_Session_Namespace('account'); The file gets included ok, but I get this error: Cannot redeclare class Zend_Session How can I get this to work?

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  • Thread Management Object

    - by Gusdor
    I feel rather foolish as this is just a short question. I was reading about a bunch of thread management helper classes in .net, specifically one that aids the storage of threads to help a service manager object automatically invoke delegates onto the subscribing thread. I'm pretty sure it had something to do with creating dispatchers. Totally forgotten the name, can't find it :( Anyone know what I'm talking about?

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  • Django admins disappearing from the admin index

    - by btol45
    We're running a Django website with rough 45 install Django admin classes. The handler is mod_fastcgi. Every once in a while about half the admins disappear from /admin/ screen. Touching the production.fcgi file restores everything to normal, but we have yet to determine the underling cause. Any thoughts on what the underlying issue might be?

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  • Why are enums considered compound types?

    - by FredOverflow
    Arrays, functions, pointers, references, classes, unions, enumerations and pointers to members are compound types. My understanding of a compound type is that is based on other type(s). For example, T[n], T* and T& are all based on T. Then what other type(s) is an enumeration based on? Or if my understanding of compound types is incorrect, what exactly is it about a type that makes it a compound type? Is compound simply a synonym for user-defined?

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  • Linq2SQL InfoMessage

    - by Paul Oakham
    Hi, is it possible to access the InfoMessage event handler in a Linq2SQL data context? All of our code uses these messages to display useful information to the end user and since moving to Linq2SQL I cannot figure out how to show these messages. I have checked the connection object of the data context as well as the classes properties with no luck so I'm wondering if it is possible. Thanks in advance.

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  • Defer Eclipse Treeviewer loading by DeferredTreeContentManager

    - by qichuan
    I understand there is an approach to defer TreeViewer loading by using DeferredTreeContentManager, learnt from this useful tutorial. However, this mechanism requires the model to implement IDeferredWorkbenchAdapter interface, which introduces problem to my legacy immutable model classes. Is it possible to use DeferredTreeContentManager without having model implementing IDeferredWorkbenchAdapter interface?

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  • Extending Eclipse product (parallel developments on a set of codes)

    - by zeroin23
    A spawn off of an existing eclipse product is required for customization for a client. (hence parallel product development) The intention was to use Eclipse Fragment, but "Fragments are additive, they cannot override content found in the host." how can we maintain one set of codes in the svn, yet allow customization by overriding some classes? the current solution is to have a global flag to indicated which product it is and "if" "else" littered everywhere in the codes ...

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  • Best practice to modularise a large Grails app?

    - by Mulone
    Hi all, A Grails app I'm working on is becoming pretty big, and it would be good to refactor it into several modules, so that we don't have to redeploy the whole thing every time. In your opinion, what is the best practice to split a Grails app in several modules? In particular I'd like to create a package of domain classes + relevant services and use it in the app as a module. Is this possible? Is it possible to do it with plugins? Cheers, Mulone

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  • Why does C# allow abstract class with no abstract members?

    - by fatcat1111
    The C# spec, section 10.1.1.1, states: An abstract class is permitted (but not required) to contain abstract members. This allows me to create classes like this: public abstract class A { public void Main() { // it's full of logic! } } This is really a concrete class; it's only abstract in so far as one can't instantiate it. If inheritors don't actually have to provide implementation, then why call it abstract?

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  • What is a de-compiler how does it work?

    - by thyrgle
    So is a decompiler really a thing that gives gives the source of a compiled/interpreted piece of code? Because to me that sounds impossible. How would you get the names of the functions, variables, classes, etc if it is compiled. Or am I misinterpreting the definition? How does it work? And what is the general principal behind making one?

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  • Java Best Practice for type resolution at runtime.

    - by Brian
    I'm trying to define a class (or set of classes which implement the same interface) that will behave as a loosely typed object (like JavaScript). They can hold any sort of data and operations on them depend on the underlying type. I have it working in three different ways but none seem ideal. These test versions only allow strings and integers and the only operation is add. Adding integers results in the sum of the integer values, adding strings concatenates the strings and adding an integer to a string converts the integer to a string and concatenates it with the string. The final version will have more types (Doubles, Arrays, JavaScript-like objects where new properties can be added dynamically) and more operations. Way 1: public interface DynObject1 { @Override public String toString(); public DynObject1 add(DynObject1 d); public DynObject1 addTo(DynInteger1 d); public DynObject1 addTo(DynString1 d); } public class DynInteger1 implements DynObject1 { private int value; public DynInteger1(int v) { value = v; } @Override public String toString() { return Integer.toString(value); } public DynObject1 add(DynObject1 d) { return d.addTo(this); } public DynObject1 addTo(DynInteger1 d) { return new DynInteger1(d.value + value); } public DynObject1 addTo(DynString1 d) { return new DynString1(d.toString()+Integer.toString(value)); } } ...and similar for DynString1 Way 2: public interface DynObject2 { @Override public String toString(); public DynObject2 add(DynObject2 d); } public class DynInteger2 implements DynObject2 { private int value; public DynInteger2(int v) { value = v; } @Override public String toString() { return Integer.toString(value); } public DynObject2 add(DynObject2 d) { Class c = d.getClass(); if(c==DynInteger2.class) { return new DynInteger2(value + ((DynInteger2)d).value); } else { return new DynString2(toString() + d.toString()); } } } ...and similar for DynString2 Way 3: public class DynObject3 { private enum ObjectType { Integer, String }; Object value; ObjectType type; public DynObject3(Integer v) { value = v; type = ObjectType.Integer; } public DynObject3(String v) { value = v; type = ObjectType.String; } @Override public String toString() { return value.toString(); } public DynObject3 add(DynObject3 d) { if(type==ObjectType.Integer && d.type==ObjectType.Integer) { return new DynObject3(Integer.valueOf(((Integer)value).intValue()+((Integer)value).intValue())); } else { return new DynObject3(value.toString()+d.value.toString()); } } } With the if-else logic I could use value.getClass()==Integer.class instead of storing the type but with more types I'd change this to use a switch statement and Java doesn't allow switch to use Classes. Anyway... My question is what is the best way to go about something thike this?

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