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• What can I do to prevent my user folder from being tampered with by malicious software?

  - by Tom Wijsman

  Let's assume some things: Back-ups do run every X minutes, yet the things I save should be permanent. There's a firewall and virus scanner in place, yet there happens to be a zero day attack on me. I am using Windows. (Although feel free to append Linux / OS X parts to your answer) Here is the problem Any software can change anything inside my user folder. Tampering with the files could cost me my life, whether it's accessing / modifying or wiping them. So, what I want to ask is: Is there a permission-based way to disallow programs from accessing my files in any way by default? Extending on the previous question, can I ensure certain programs can only access certain folders? Are there other less obtrusive ways than using Comodo? Or can I make Comodo less obtrusive? For example, the solution should be proof against (DO NOT RUN): del /F /S /Q %USERPROFILE%

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• Lock down SFTP access on OpenSolaris

  - by Simon

  Hi all, I have an OpenSolaris 2009.06 server and I'd like to enable a user to remotely change files in a specific directory, ideally via SFTP or FTP-via-SSH. This user does not yet have an account on the machine and I'd like to create it so it's as restricted as possible. Is there a canonical way of doing this? I know about OpenSolaris' role-based access control and authorizations model, but I figure it's a lot of work (i.e., a lot I can mess up) to really lock down a full-blown user account (prevent fork bombs, make sure there's really no other file in the file system which can be written to...). Any hint is greatly appreciated. Thanks, Simon

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• nikto probe warning messages

  - by julio

  Hi-- I have a pretty standard VPS running Ubuntu 8.1, Apache 2.2, PHP 5 etc. -- standard Lamp stack. I am using suhosin and have tried my best to plug the obvious stuff, since I'm the only user-- there's no SSH access except via pubkey on a non-standard port, there's no root access by SSH, no FTP server running, iptables is set to discard anything outside of basically port 80 or my SSH port (there's no mail server or anything else). However, I've still been compromised (not badly as far as I can tell) probably by a SQL injection. I've locked down the SQL user (there's only one outside of root, and he's got limited priv, no file etc.) So I ran nikto to see what I'm doing wrong, and there's a list of things I've never seen, and can't find using "find" or any other method I'm aware of. See below: + /autologon.html?10514: Remotely Anywhere 5.10.415 is vulnerable to XSS attacks that can lead to cookie theft or privilege escalation. This is typically found on port 2000. + /servlet/webacc?User.html=noexist: Netware web access may reveal full path of the web server. Apply vendor patch or upgrade. + OSVDB-35878: /modules.php?name=Members_List&letter='%20OR%20pass%20LIKE%20'a%25'/*: PHP Nuke module allows user names and passwords to be viewed. + OSVDB-3092: /sitemap.xml: This gives a nice listing of the site content. + OSVDB-12184: /index.php?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests which contain specific QUERY strings. + OSVDB-12184: /some.php?=PHPE9568F36-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests which contain specific QUERY strings. + OSVDB-12184: /some.php?=PHPE9568F34-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests which contain specific QUERY strings. + OSVDB-12184: /some.php?=PHPE9568F35-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests which contain specific QUERY strings. + OSVDB-3092: /administrator/: This might be interesting... + OSVDB-3092: /Agent/: This might be interesting... + OSVDB-3092: /includes/: This might be interesting... + OSVDB-3092: /logs/: This might be interesting... + OSVDB-3092: /tmp/: This might be interesting... + ERROR: /servlet/Counter returned an error: error reading HTTP response + OSVDB-3268: /icons/: Directory indexing is enabled: /icons + OSVDB-3268: /images/: Directory indexing is enabled: /images + OSVDB-3299: /forumscalendar.php?calbirthdays=1&action=getday&day=2001-8-15&comma=%22;echo%20'';%20echo%20%60id%20%60;die();echo%22: Vbulletin allows remote command execution. See link + OSVDB-3299: /forumzcalendar.php?calbirthdays=1&action=getday&day=2001-8-15&comma=%22;echo%20'';%20echo%20%60id%20%60;die();echo%22: Vbulletin allows remote command execution. See link + OSVDB-3299: /htforumcalendar.php?calbirthdays=1&action=getday&day=2001-8-15&comma=%22;echo%20'';%20echo%20%60id%20%60;die();echo%22: Vbulletin allows remote command execution. See link + OSVDB-3299: /vbcalendar.php?calbirthdays=1&action=getday&day=2001-8-15&comma=%22;echo%20'';%20echo%20%60id%20%60;die();echo%22: Vbulletin allows remote command execution. See link + OSVDB-3299: /vbulletincalendar.php?calbirthdays=1&action=getday&day=2001-8-15&comma=%22;echo%20'';%20echo%20%60id%20%60;die();echo%22: Vbulletin allows remote command execution. See link + OSVDB-6659: /kCKAowoWuZkKCUPH7Mr675ILd9hFg1lnyc1tWUuEbkYkFCpCdEnCKkkd9L0bY34tIf9l6t2owkUp9nI5PIDmQzMokDbp71QFTZGxdnZhTUIzxVrQhVgwmPYsMK7g34DURzeiy3nyd4ezX5NtUozTGqMkxDrLheQmx4dDYlRx0vKaX41JX40GEMf21TKWxHAZSUxjgXUnIlKav58GZQ5LNAwSAn13l0w<font%20size=50>DEFACED<!--//--: MyWebServer 1.0.2 is vulnerable to HTML injection. Upgrade to a later version. I understand about the trace and index, but what about the vbulletin and autologin? I've searched, and I can't find any files like that on the server. I have no idea about the "MyWebServer" stuff, the PHP Nuke, or the Netware/servlet stuff-- there's nothing really on the server except a pretty standard Joomla site (updated to the latest version). Any help with these messages and/or what I'm doing wrong is very much appreciated.

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• Completely reset mysql server authentication

  - by p3dro-sola

  I was trying to change the password for a user on a mysql server, and i appear to have locked myself out. I have access to the root user, but root doesn't have the privileges to access any databses, including the 'mysql' database where all the config is kept. Is there any way i can 'reset' the root user? (i have full file-system access) ... or do i just need to reinstall (can i salvage my data?) Thanks. -Ped

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• Mac OS X: How to change language when screen is locked?

  - by Lukas Šalkauskas

  How do I change the language when screen is locked? I can't see any menu's there for changing language also the shortcut (cmd+shift+space) does not work either. Any ideas how can I do that?

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• Grant Sharepoint Access to all employees

  - by Satish

  What's the easiest way to grant access to all the employees of our company to sharepoint portal. There are some general sites which all employees have read access. So Do I have to create an AD group for all employees and add to the site or is there some better way to manage this?

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• Audit success in event log from not administrator IP - is that immediately a hack success indicator?

  - by Valentin Kuzub

  I checked event log today and between mass of failed audit events I found some successes which originated from not my country. However they look a little weird and no process is specified, while when I logon using RDP it says winlogon.exe I am wondering whether that means my system was compromised or there are good variants and it doesnt mean its all that bad. I am using a VPS solution if thats useful.

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• What steps should I take to remove an employee from a linux server?

  - by user146059

  I was recently hired as the main developer of a small web company. It seems that I will be taking his place and I don't have much system admin experience. My non-technical bosses have instructed me to ensure that he will not be able to cause any damage to our system/database/application when he is gone. I know the basics of what needs to be done but was hoping to have a definitive list before it happens.

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• How to set up a linux user that can only access a repository via ssh?

  - by GJ

  I have a mercurial repository on a secure server, to which I want to grant secure access to an external user. I added for him a user account and publickey ssh authentication so that now he could push/pull changesets via ssh. My question is: how can I make this new user account completely disabled from doing anything or accessing any data on the server other than accessing the repository? E.g. he shouldn't even have the possibility to enter an interactive shell session. Thanks

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• Password best practices

  - by pcampbell

  Given the recent events with a 'hacker' learning and retrying passwords from website administrators, what can we suggest to everyone about best practices when it comes to passwords? use unique passwords between sites (i.e. never re-use a password) words found in the dictionary are to be avoided consider using words or phrases from a non-English language use pass phrases and use the first letter of each word l33tifying doesn't help very much Please suggest more!

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• NTFS: Deny all permissions for all files, except where explicitly added

  - by Simon

  I'm running a sandboxed application as a local user. I now want to deny almost all file system permissions for this user to secure the system, except for a few working folders and some system DLLs (I'll call this set of files & directories X below). The sandbox user is not in any group. So it shouldn't have any permissions, right? Wrong, because all "Authenticated Users" are a member of the local "Users" group, and that group has access to almost everything. I thought about recursively adding deny ACL-entries to all files and directories and remove them manually from X. But this seems excessive. I also thought about removing "Authenticated Users" from the "Users" group. But I'm afraid of unintended side-effects. It's likely that other things rely on this. Is this correct? Are there better ways to do this? How would you limit the filesystem permissions of a (very) non-trustworthy account?

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• How do I access a shared folder using credentials other than the ones I logged in with?

  - by George Sealy

  I have a lab full of Windows 7 machines, and a shared login (user360) that all my students use. I also have a shared folder that they can all have read/write access to (for moving files around easily). My problem is that I also want to be able to create a shared folder for each student for submitting assignments. I can set up a shared folder with permissions for just a single user, and not the 'user360' account. The problem is, when I'm logged in as user360, and I try to open the 'StudentA', Windows never asks me for alternate credentials, it just refuses access because the user360 account is not allowed access. Can anyone suggest a fix for this?

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• ESET Remote Administrator Console showing infected files on a client, but threat log is empty

  - by Aron Rotteveel

  We recently deployed ESET NOD32 Antivirus on our small domain network and use the Remote Adminstrator to manage everything remotely. On a recent full system scan, one of the clients shows 10 infected files of which 4 have been cleaned in the scan log. The strange thing, however, is that the threat log is empty. Is there any reason why the threat log is empty? What has happened to the 6 remaining uncleaned files? Where can I view information on what files are infected and what they have been infected with? I know this can be done through the scan log properties screen, but with 958790 files scanned, I obviously do not want to browse through this list. Any help is appreciated.

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• Removing port forwardings programmatically on a ControlMaster SSH session

  - by aef

  Quite a while ago I got an answer telling me how to add a port-forwarding on a running SSH ControlMaster process. To know that helps a lot, but I'm still missing a way to remove such a port forwarding after I don't need that anymore. As far as I know, you can do that through the internal command key sequence on normal connections, this seems to be disabled for ControlMaster clients. Even if that would be possible I would need a solution which I can automatize with scripts, which is surely not so easy this way. Is there a way to do it? And is it easily automatizable?

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• copSHH how to restrict user from going back from there main root

  - by minus4

  I have installed SFTP on a windows servers using copSSH and all is good and it works well however you can go back from the main root. For example when i use C:\copSSH\home{username} as that user i can go back into copSSH and into them directories too. And I have a user setup to actually be C:\inetpub\wwwroot but that user can go into the system and everything i have this set as my path /cygdrive/c/inetpub/wwwroot It would be ideal if the user could only go forward from the start directory, rather than out and about there is no write ability but there is read and download....... thanks

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• "TCP Sweep" - What is it? How am I causing it?

  - by Stephen Melrose

  Hi there, I've just had an email from my hosting company telling me I'm in violation of their Acceptable Use Policy. They forwarded me an email from another company complaining about something to do with a "TCP sweep of port 22". They included a snippet from their logs, 20:29:43 <MY_SERVER_IP> 0.0.0.0 [TCP-SWEEP] (total=325,dp=22,min=212.1.191.0,max=212.1.191.255,Mar21-20:26:34,Mar21-20:26:34) (USI-amsxaid01) Now, my server knowledge is limited at best, and I've absolutely no idea what this is or what could be causing it. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thank you

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• Good low power server/pc for firewall?

  - by Sandra

  Hi, Does anyone know of a low power server/pc that have 2 NIC's, so it can be used for a (OpenBSD) firewall? Sandra

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• Good low power server/pc for firewall?

  - by Sandra

  Hi, Does anyone know of a low power server/pc that have 2 NIC's, so it can be used for a (OpenBSD) firewall? Sandra

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• I found two usb sticks on the ground. Now what?

  - by Stefano Borini

  As from subject. I want to see what's inside. I am seriously interested in finding the owner if possible and returning them, but I am worried it could be an attempt at social engineering. I own a macbook intel with OSX 10.6. It is a very important install. What would you do in my situation if you want to see the content without risks ? Any proposal welcome. Edit: I decided not to plug them in, and I brought them to the hotel reception. They will forward it to the police.

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• Linux laptop encryption

  - by kaerast

  What are my options for encrypting the /home directories of my Ubuntu laptops? They are currently setup without any encryption and some have /home as a separate partition whilst others don't. Most of these laptops are single-user standalone laptops which are out on the road a lot. Is ecryptfs and the encrypted Private directory good enough or are there better, more secure, options? If somebody got hold of the laptop, how easy would it be for them to gain access to the encrypted files? Similar questions for encrypted lvm, truecrypt and any other solution I may not be aware of.

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• Error message: do not have authority to access this function

  - by Ross

  Hi. I just reinstalled Windows on my computer after getting a virus. I worked with it for a while and everything worked as it should. I then used a backup of the computer that I had made a week or so earlier and copied the backup over my user folder. (That is, I took the folder named "Joe" from the backup drive and copied-replaced the whole thing over the folder named "Joe" on the new Windows install.) To do this I had to work from an Ubuntu live CD because some of the files were in use. Now the problem: After I did this copying my computer says that I have no authority. Anytime I try to access anything that is part of the operating system (Explorer, Personalize, Control Panel, etc) I get an error message that says I don't have the authority to do this. I am able to access things that aren't part of the OS: Chrome, Firefox, my accounting software, Rockbox, but nothing that is part of the OS. I only copied over the User file, so I didn't mess with the registry or anything, so I have no idea why this should be. Does anyone out in cyberspace have any idea? Thank you.

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• Securing a Windows Server 2008 R2 Public Web Server

  - by Denny Ferrassoli

  I'm setting up a public web server: Windows Server 2008 R2, IIS7.5. Does anyone have a tutorial / walkthrough / tips on properly securing a public web server? I've seen a few tutorials but mostly focused on Windows Server 2003. What I've done so far: Created a specific user account for the website / app pool, Renamed Admin account, Installed FTPS, Configured firewall to block any non-public service (web / https), Configured firewall to allow access to management interfaces only from specific IP addresses (rdp, IIS management, ftp) Maybe a few other things but can't remember at the moment... ICMP is allowed... Should I disable all except ping? Port scan reveals only web and https ports. Any other suggestions? Thanks

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• Why is 50.22.53.71 hitting my localhost node.js in an attempt to find a php setup

  - by laggingreflex

  I just created a new app using angular-fullstack yeoman generator, edited it a bit to my liking, and ran it with grunt on my localhost, and immediately upon starting up I get this flood of requests to paths that I haven't even defined. Is this a hacking attempt? And if so, how does the hacker (human or bot) immediately know where my server is and when it came online? Note that I haven't made anything online, it's just a localhost setup and I'm merely connected to the internet. (Although my router does allow 80 port incoming.) Whois shows that the IP address belongs to a SoftLayer Technologies. Never heard of it. Express server listening on 80, in development mode GET / [200] | 127.0.0.1 (Chrome 31.0.1650) GET /w00tw00t.at.blackhats.romanian.anti-sec:) [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /admin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /admin/pma/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /admin/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /db/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /dbadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /myadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /mysql/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /mysqladmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /typo3/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpmyadmin1/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpmyadmin2/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /pma/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /web/phpMyAdmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /xampp/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /web/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /php-my-admin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /websql/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin-2/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /php-my-admin/scripts/setup.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin-2.5.5/index.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin-2.5.5-pl1/index.php [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpMyAdmin/ [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /phpmyadmin/ [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other) GET /mysqladmin/ [404] | 50.22.53.71 (Other)

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• OSSEC agent behind NAT

  - by Eric

  I am working on an OSSEC deployment where I will have multiple agents behind 1 public IP. Below is an example of the setup Private Network OSSEC-Agent1 (192.168.1.10) OSSEC-Agent2 (192.168.50.33) OSSEC-Agent3 (10.10.10.1) Those IPs NAT to 1 public IP (1.1.1.1) Then 1.1.1.1 talks to the public OSSEC server on 2.2.2.2 I've read some OSSEC documentation talking about NAT here, but it doesn't tell me exactly what I need to know. Their example is using an entire /24 subnet and mine will mainly have multiple agents to only 1 public IP. With the setup so far, I brought Agent1 online fine and it is communicating to the OSSEC server. However Agent2 continues to fail trying to connect to 2.2.2.2. Even though when I added the key, I had the correct name for it, so I know it talked to the portal at least once for that information. I'm assuming it's just getting confused with the multiple keys to 1 public IP. I basically want to know if this is possible and/or if I'm just overlooking something simple. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Other user SSHed from my hardware

  - by Alex

  While logged into our HPC cluster I used w to check out who else was logged in. I happened to notice that it looks like there's another user logged in from my (personal) computer; 19:04:47 up 40 days, 6:39, 44 users, load average: 0.10, 0.14, 0.18 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT ME pts/4 zerg.neuron12. 18:55 0.00s 0.09s 0.04s w SOMEONE_ELSE pts/35 zerg.neuron12. Sat14 2:27m 0.08s 0.08s -bash Is this something I should be worried out - I tried to kill the other session but had a permission denied message. Is it possible we just both have the same hardware name? I'd have thought that if this were the case the server would give one of us a different name (e.g. zerg1) when we logged in to prevent confusion. This is not an area I have any experience with, so any advice would be greatly appreciated!

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