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  • Delphi - Is there a better way to get state abbreviations from state names

    - by Bill
    const states : array [0..49,0..1] of string = ( ('Alabama','AL'), ('Montana','MT'), ('Alaska','AK'), ('Nebraska','NE'), ('Arizona','AZ'), ('Nevada','NV'), ('Arkansas','AR'), ('New Hampshire','NH'), ('California','CA'), ('New Jersey','NJ'), ('Colorado','CO'), ('New Mexico','NM'), ('Connecticut','CT'), ('New York','NY'), ('Delaware','DE'), ('North Carolina','NC'), ('Florida','FL'), ('North Dakota','ND'), ('Georgia','GA'), ('Ohio','OH'), ('Hawaii','HI'), ('Oklahoma','OK'), ('Idaho','ID'), ('Oregon','OR'), ('Illinois','IL'), ('Pennsylvania','PA'), ('Indiana','IN'), ('Rhode Island','RI'), ('Iowa','IA'), ('South Carolin','SC'), ('Kansas','KS'), ('South Dakota','SD'), ('Kentucky','KY'), ('Tennessee','TN'), ('Louisiana','LA'), ('Texas','TX'), ('Maine','ME'), ('Utah','UT'), ('Maryland','MD'), ('Vermont','VT'), ('Massachusetts','MA'), ('Virginia','VA'), ('Michigan','MI'), ('Washington','WA'), ('Minnesota','MN'), ('West Virginia','WV'), ('Mississippi','MS'), ('Wisconsin','WI'), ('Missouri','MO'), ('Wyoming','WY') ); function getabb(state:string):string; var I:integer; begin for I := 0 to length(states) -1 do if lowercase(state) = lowercase(states[I,0]) then begin result:= states[I,1]; end; end; function getstate(state:string):string; var I:integer; begin for I := 0 to length(states) -1 do if lowercase(state) = lowercase(states[I,1]) then begin result:= states[I,0]; end; end; procedure TForm2.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); begin edit1.Text:=getabb(edit1.Text); end; procedure TForm2.Button2Click(Sender: TObject); begin edit1.Text:=getstate(edit1.Text); end; end. Is there a bette way to do this?

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  • Problem retrieving multiple instances of the same asp.net session variable

    - by sw1sh
    I'm having problems with retrieving multiple instances of a session variable from an InProc session state. In the following code I persist a simple BusinessObject into a session variable on the Page_Load event. On the click of a button I try to retrieve the object back into 2 new declared instances of the same BusinessObject. All works great until I change one of the properties in the first instance, it changes the second instance as well. Is this normal behaviour? I would have thought as these were new instances they wouldn’t demonstrate static behaviour? Any ideas where I'm going wrong? Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load If Not Page.IsPostBack Then ' create a new instance of a business object and set a containg variable Dim BO As New BusinessObject BO.SomeVariable = "test" ' persist to inproc session Session("BO") = BO End If End Sub Protected Sub btnRetrieveSessionVariable_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles btnRetrieveSessionVariable.Click ' retrieve the session variable to a new instance of BusinessObject Dim BO1 As New BusinessObject If Not Session("BO") Is Nothing Then BO1 = Session("BO") ' retrieve the session variable to a new instance of BusinessObject Dim BO2 As New BusinessObject If Not Session("BO") Is Nothing Then BO2 = Session("BO") ' change the property value on the first instance BO1.SomeVariable = "test2" ' why has this changed on both instances? Dim strBO1Property As String = BO1.SomeVariable Dim strBO2Property As String = BO2.SomeVariable End Sub ' simple BusinessObject class Public Class BusinessObject Private _SomeVariable As String Public Property SomeVariable() As String Get Return _SomeVariable End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _SomeVariable = value End Set End Property End Class

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  • How to create a rails habtm that deletes/destroys without error?

    - by Bradley
    I created a simple example as a sanity check and still can not seem to destroy an item on either side of a has_and_belongs_to_many relationship in rails. Whenever I try to delete an object from either table, I get the dreaded NameError / "uninitialized constant" error message. To demonstrate, I created a sample rails app with a Boy class and Dog class. I used the basic scaffold for each and created a linking table called boys_dogs. I then added a simple before_save routine to create a new 'dog' any time a boy was created and establish a relationship, just to get things setup easily. dog.rb class Dog < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :Boys end boy.rb class Boy < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :Dogs def before_save self.Dogs.build( :name => "Rover" ) end end schema.rb ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20100118034401) do create_table "boys", :force => true do |t| t.string "name" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end create_table "boys_dogs", :id => false, :force => true do |t| t.integer "boy_id" t.integer "dog_id" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end create_table "dogs", :force => true do |t| t.string "name" t.datetime "created_at" t.datetime "updated_at" end end I've seen lots of posts here and elsewhere about similar problems, but the solutions are normally using belongs_to and the plural/singular class names being confused. I don't think that is the case here, but I tried switching the habtm statement to use the singular name just to see if it helped (with no luck). I seem to be missing something simple here. The actual error message is: NameError in BoysController#destroy uninitialized constant Boy::Dogs The trace looks like: /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:105:in const_missing' (eval):3:indestroy_without_callbacks' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.4/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:337:in destroy_without_transactions' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:229:insend' ... Thanks.

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  • Rspec stubing view for anonymous controller

    - by Colin G
    I'm trying to test a method on the application controller that will be used as a before filter. To do this I have setup an anonymous controller in my test with the before filter applied to ensure that it functions correctly. The test currently looks like this: describe ApplicationController do controller do before_filter :authenticated def index end end describe "user authenticated" do let(:session_id){"session_id"} let(:user){OpenStruct.new(:email => "[email protected]", :name => "Colin Gemmell")} before do request.cookies[:session_id] = session_id UserSession.stub!(:find).with(session_id).and_return(user) get :index end it { should assign_to(:user){user} } end end And the application controller is like this: class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base protect_from_forgery def authenticated @user = nil end end My problem is when ever I run the test I'm getting the following error 1) ApplicationController user authenticated Failure/Error: get :index ActionView::MissingTemplate: Missing template stub_resources/index with {:handlers=>[:erb, :rjs, :builder, :rhtml, :rxml, :haml], :formats=>[:html], :locale=>[:en, :en]} in view paths "#<RSpec::Rails::ViewRendering::PathSetDelegatorResolver:0x984f310>" According to the docs the view is not rendered when running controller tests however this points to no stub existing for this action (which is understandable as the view doesn't exist) Anyone have a clue how to solve this problem or stub the view out. Cheers Colin G

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  • Rails: Create method available in all views and all models

    - by smotchkkiss
    I'd like to define a method that is available in both my views and my models Say I have a view helper: def foo(s) "hello #{s}" end A view might use the helper like this: <div class="data"><%= foo(@user.name) %></div> However, this <div> will be updated with a repeating ajax call. I'm using a to_json call in a controller returns data like so: render :text => @item.to_json(:only => [...], :methods => [:foo]) This means, that I have to have foo defined in my Item model as well: class Item def foo "hello #{name}" end end It'd be nice if I could have a DRY method that could be shared in both my views and my models. Usage might look like this: Helper def say_hello(s) "hello #{s}" end User.rb model def foo say_hello(name) end Item.rb model def foo say_hello(label) end View <div class="data"><%= item.foo %></div> Controller def observe @items = item.find(...) render :text => @items.to_json(:only=>[...], :methods=>[:foo]) end IF I'M DUMB, please let me know. I don't know the best way to handle this, but I don't want to completely go against best-practices here. If you can think of a better way, I'm eager to learn!

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  • Conditions with common logic: question of style, readability, efficiency, ...

    - by cdonner
    I have conditional logic that requires pre-processing that is common to each of the conditions (instantiating objects, database lookups etc). I can think of 3 possible ways to do this, but each has a flaw: Option 1 if A prepare processing do A logic else if B prepare processing do B logic else if C prepare processing do C logic // else do nothing end The flaw with option 1 is that the expensive code is redundant. Option 2 prepare processing // not necessary unless A, B, or C if A do A logic else if B do B logic else if C do C logic // else do nothing end The flaw with option 2 is that the expensive code runs even when neither A, B or C is true Option 3 if (A, B, or C) prepare processing end if A do A logic else if B do B logic else if C do C logic end The flaw with option 3 is that the conditions for A, B, C are being evaluated twice. The evaluation is also costly. Now that I think about it, there is a variant of option 3 that I call option 4: Option 4 if (A, B, or C) prepare processing if A set D else if B set E else if C set F end end if D do A logic else if E do B logic else if F do C logic end While this does address the costly evaluations of A, B, and C, it makes the whole thing more ugly and I don't like it. How would you rank the options, and are there any others that I am not seeing?

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  • How to call Postgres function returning SETOF record?

    - by Peter
    I have written the following function: -- Gets stats for all markets CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetMarketStats ( ) RETURNS SETOF record AS $$ BEGIN SELECT 'R approved offer' AS Metric, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'A+' AND M.Term = 24 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketAPlus24, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'A+' AND M.Term = 36 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketAPlus36, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'A' AND M.Term = 24 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketA24, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'A' AND M.Term = 36 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketA36, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'B' AND M.Term = 24 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketB24, SUM(CASE WHEN M.MarketName = 'B' AND M.Term = 36 THEN LO.Amount ELSE 0 end) AS MarketB36 FROM "Market" M INNER JOIN "Listing" L ON L.MarketID = M.MarketID INNER JOIN "ListingOffer" LO ON L.ListingID = LO.ListingID; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; And when trying to call it like this... select * from GetMarketStats() AS (Metric VARCHAR(50),MarketAPlus24 INT,MarketAPlus36 INT,MarketA24 INT,MarketA36 INT,MarketB24 INT,MarketB36 INT); I get an error: ERROR: query has no destination for result data HINT: If you want to discard the results of a SELECT, use PERFORM instead. CONTEXT: PL/pgSQL function "getmarketstats" line 2 at SQL statement I don't understand this output. I've tried using perform too, but I thought one only had to use that if the function doesn't return anything.

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  • Python performance improvement request for winkler

    - by Martlark
    I'm a python n00b and I'd like some suggestions on how to improve the algorithm to improve the performance of this method to compute the Jaro-Winkler distance of two names. def winklerCompareP(str1, str2): """Return approximate string comparator measure (between 0.0 and 1.0) USAGE: score = winkler(str1, str2) ARGUMENTS: str1 The first string str2 The second string DESCRIPTION: As described in 'An Application of the Fellegi-Sunter Model of Record Linkage to the 1990 U.S. Decennial Census' by William E. Winkler and Yves Thibaudeau. Based on the 'jaro' string comparator, but modifies it according to whether the first few characters are the same or not. """ # Quick check if the strings are the same - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # jaro_winkler_marker_char = chr(1) if (str1 == str2): return 1.0 len1 = len(str1) len2 = len(str2) halflen = max(len1,len2) / 2 - 1 ass1 = '' # Characters assigned in str1 ass2 = '' # Characters assigned in str2 #ass1 = '' #ass2 = '' workstr1 = str1 workstr2 = str2 common1 = 0 # Number of common characters common2 = 0 #print "'len1', str1[i], start, end, index, ass1, workstr2, common1" # Analyse the first string - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # for i in range(len1): start = max(0,i-halflen) end = min(i+halflen+1,len2) index = workstr2.find(str1[i],start,end) #print 'len1', str1[i], start, end, index, ass1, workstr2, common1 if (index > -1): # Found common character common1 += 1 #ass1 += str1[i] ass1 = ass1 + str1[i] workstr2 = workstr2[:index]+jaro_winkler_marker_char+workstr2[index+1:] #print "str1 analyse result", ass1, common1 #print "str1 analyse result", ass1, common1 # Analyse the second string - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # for i in range(len2): start = max(0,i-halflen) end = min(i+halflen+1,len1) index = workstr1.find(str2[i],start,end) #print 'len2', str2[i], start, end, index, ass1, workstr1, common2 if (index > -1): # Found common character common2 += 1 #ass2 += str2[i] ass2 = ass2 + str2[i] workstr1 = workstr1[:index]+jaro_winkler_marker_char+workstr1[index+1:] if (common1 != common2): print('Winkler: Wrong common values for strings "%s" and "%s"' % \ (str1, str2) + ', common1: %i, common2: %i' % (common1, common2) + \ ', common should be the same.') common1 = float(common1+common2) / 2.0 ##### This is just a fix ##### if (common1 == 0): return 0.0 # Compute number of transpositions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # transposition = 0 for i in range(len(ass1)): if (ass1[i] != ass2[i]): transposition += 1 transposition = transposition / 2.0 # Now compute how many characters are common at beginning - - - - - - - - - - # minlen = min(len1,len2) for same in range(minlen+1): if (str1[:same] != str2[:same]): break same -= 1 if (same > 4): same = 4 common1 = float(common1) w = 1./3.*(common1 / float(len1) + common1 / float(len2) + (common1-transposition) / common1) wn = w + same*0.1 * (1.0 - w) return wn

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  • In .NET, Why Can I Access Private Members of a Class Instance within the Class?

    - by AMissico
    While cleaning some code today written by someone else, I changed the access modifier from Public to Private on a class variable/member/field. I expected a long list of compiler errors that I use to "refactor/rework/review" the code that used this variable. Imagine my surprise when I didn't get any errors. After reviewing, it turns out that another instance of the Class can access the private members of another instance declared within the Class. Totally unexcepted. Is this normal? I been coding in .NET since the beginning and never ran into this issue, nor read about it. I may have stumbled onto it before, but only "vaguely noticed" and move on. Can anyone explain this behavoir to me? I would like to know the "why" I can do this. Please explain, don't just tell me the rule. Am I doing something wrong? I found this behavior in both C# and VB.NET. The code seems to take advantage of the ability to access private variables. Sincerely, Totally Confused Class Jack Private _int As Integer End Class Class Foo Public Property Value() As Integer Get Return _int End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) _int = value * 2 End Set End Property Private _int As Integer Private _foo As Foo Private _jack As Jack Private _fred As Fred Public Sub SetPrivate() _foo = New Foo _foo.Value = 4 'what you would expect to do because _int is private _foo._int = 3 'TOTALLY UNEXPECTED _jack = New Jack '_jack._int = 3 'expected compile error _fred = New Fred '_fred._int = 3 'expected compile error End Sub Private Class Fred Private _int As Integer End Class End Class

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  • Testing a patch to the Rails mysql adapter

    - by Sleepycat
    I wrote a little monkeypatch to the Rails MySQLAdapter and want to package it up to use it in my other projects. I am trying to write some tests for it but I am still new to testing and I am not sure how to test this. Can someone help get me started? Here is the code I want to test: unless RAILS_ENV == 'production' module ActiveRecord module ConnectionAdapters class MysqlAdapter < AbstractAdapter def select_with_explain(sql, name = nil) explanation = execute_with_disable_logging('EXPLAIN ' + sql) e = explanation.all_hashes.first exp = e.collect{|k,v| " | #{k}: #{v} "}.join log(exp, 'Explain') select_without_explain(sql, name) end def execute_with_disable_logging(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc: #Run a query without logging @connection.query(sql) rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid => exception if exception.message.split(":").first =~ /Packets out of order/ raise ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid, "'Packets out of order' error was received from the database. Please update your mysql bindings (gem install mysql) and read http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/password-hashing.html for more information. If you're on Windows, use the Instant Rails installer to get the updated mysql bindings." else raise end end alias_method_chain :select, :explain end end end end Thanks.

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  • Very interesting problem in Compact Framework

    - by Alexander
    Hi, i have a performance problem while inserting data to sqlce.I'm reading string and making inserts to My tables.In LU_MAM table,i insert 1000 records withing 8 seconds.After Mam tables i make some inserts but my largest table is CR_MUS.When i want to insert record into CR_MUS,it takes too much time.CR_MUS has 2000 records and insert takes 35 seconds.What can be reason?I use same logic in my insert functions.Do u have any idea?I use VS 2008 sp1. Dim reader As StringReader reader = New StringReader(data) cn = New SqlCeConnection(General.ConnString) cn.Open() If myTransfer.ClearTables(cn, cmd) = True Then progress = 0 '------------------------------------------ cmd = New SqlServerCe.SqlCeCommand Dim rs As SqlCeResultSet cmd.Connection = cn cmd.CommandType = CommandType.TableDirect Dim rec As SqlCeUpdatableRecord ' name of table While reader.Peek > -1 If strerr_col = "" Then satir = reader.ReadLine() ayrac = Split(satir, "|") If ayrac(0).ToString() = "LC" Then prgsbar.Maximum = Convert.ToInt32(ayrac(1)) ElseIf ayrac(0).ToString = "PPAR" Then . If ayrac(2).ToString <> General.PMVer Then ShowWaitCursor(False) txtDurum.Text = "Wrong Version" Exit Sub End If If p_POCKET_PARAMETERS = True Then cmd.CommandText = "POCKET_PARAMETERS" txtDurum.Text = "POCKET_PARAMETERS" rs = cmd.ExecuteResultSet(ResultSetOptions.Updatable) rec = rs.CreateRecord() p_POCKET_PARAMETERS = False End If strerr_col = myVERI_AL.POCKET_PARAMETERS_I(ayrac, cmd, rs, rec) prgsbar.Value += 1 ElseIf ayrac(0).ToString() = "MAM" Then If p_LU_MAM = True Then txtDurum.Text = "LU_MAM " cmd.CommandText = "LU_MAM" rs = cmd.ExecuteResultSet(ResultSetOptions.Updatable) rec = rs.CreateRecord() p_LU_MAM = False End If strerr_col = myVERI_AL.LU_MAM_I(ayrac, cmd, rs, rec) prgsbar.Value += 1 ElseIf ayrac(0).ToString = "KMUS" Then If p_CR_MUS = True Then cmd.CommandText = "CR_MUS" txtDurum.Text = "CR_MUS" rs = cmd.ExecuteResultSet(ResultSetOptions.Updatable) rec = rs.CreateRecord() p_TR_KAMPANYA_MALZEME = False End If strerr_col = myVERI_AL.CR_MUS_I(ayrac, cmd, rs, rec) prgsbar.Value += 1 end while Public Function CR_KAMPANYA_MUSTERI_I(ByVal f_Line() As String, ByRef myComm As SqlCeCommand, ByRef rs As SqlCeResultSet, ByRef rec As SqlCeUpdatableRecord) As String Try rec.SetValue(0, If(f_Line(1) = String.Empty, DirectCast(DBNull.Value, Object), f_Line(1))) rec.SetValue(1, If(f_Line(2) = String.Empty, DirectCast(DBNull.Value, Object), f_Line(2))) rec.SetValue(2, If(f_Line(3) = String.Empty, DirectCast(DBNull.Value, Object), f_Line(3))) rec.SetValue(3, If(f_Line(5) = String.Empty, DirectCast(DBNull.Value, Object), f_Line(5))) rec.SetValue(4, If(f_Line(6) = String.Empty, DirectCast(DBNull.Value, Object), f_Line(6))) rs.Insert(rec) Catch ex As Exception strerr_col = ex.Message End Try Return strerr_col End Function

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  • Parsing CSV string and binding it to listbox

    - by Amit Ranjan
    I have splitted comma separated values in an string array, something like this str[0] ="210" str[1] ="abc.pdf" str[2] = "211" str[3] = "xyz.docx" and so on. Please note 0,2,4,6,8 [even positions] are having number and odd positions are having string. I am having a class Attachmodel Public Class AttachmentModel Private _attachmentID As Integer = 0 Private _attachmentPath As String = "" ''' <summary> ''' Get Set Attachment ID ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <returns></returns> ''' <remarks></remarks> Public Property AttachmentID() As Integer Get Return _attachmentID End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) _attachmentID = value End Set End Property ''' <summary> ''' Get Set Attachment Path ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <returns></returns> ''' <remarks></remarks> Public Property AttachmentPath() As String Get Return _attachmentPath End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _attachmentPath = value End Set End Property End Class In the above i want to set the values and bind it to the grid, using List

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  • Ignoring a model with all blank fields in Ruby on Rails

    - by aguynamedloren
    I am trying to create multiple items (each with a name value and a content value) in a single form. The code I have is functioning, but I cannot figure out how to ignore items that are blank. Here's the code: #item.rb class Item < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :name, :content validates_presence_of :name, :content end #items_controller.rb class ItemsController < ApplicationController def new @items = Array.new(3){ Item.new } end def create @items = params[:items].values.collect{|item|Item.new(item)} if @items.each(&:save!) flash[:notice] = "Successfully created item." redirect_to root_url else render :action => 'new' end end #new.html.erb <% form_tag :action => 'create' do %> <%@items.each_with_index do |item, index| %> <% fields_for "items[#{index}]", item do |f| %> <p> Name: <%= f.text_field :name %> Content: <%= f.text_field :content %> </p> <% end %> <% end %> <%= submit_tag %> <% end %> This code works when all fields for all items are filled out in the form, but fails if any fields are left blank (due to validations). The goal is that 1 or 2 items could be saved, even if others are left blank. I'm sure there is a simple solution to this, but I've been tinkering for hours with no avail. Any help is appreciated!

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  • Treetop basic parsing and regular expression usage

    - by ucint
    I'm developing a script using the ruby Treetop library and having issues working with its syntax for regex's. First off, many regular expressions that work in other settings dont work the same in treetop. This is my grammar: (myline.treetop) grammar MyLine rule line string whitespace condition end rule string [\S]* end rule whitespace [\s]* end rule condition "new" / "old" / "used" end end This is my usage: (usage.rb) require 'rubygems' require 'treetop' require 'polyglot' require 'myline' parser = MyLineParser.new p parser.parse("randomstring new") This should find the word new for sure and it does! Now I wont to extend it so that it can find new if the input string becomes "randomstring anotherstring new yetanother andanother" and possibly have any number of strings followed by whitespace (tab included) before and after the regex for rule condition. In other words, if I pass it any sentence with the word "new" etc in it, it should be able to match it. So let's say I change my grammar to: rule line string whitespace condition whitespace string end Then, it should be able to find a match for: p parser.parse("randomstring new anotherstring") So, what do I have to do to allow the string whitespace to be repeated before and after condition? If I try to write this: rule line (string whitespace)* condition (whitespace string)* end , it goes in an infinite loop. If i replace the above () with [], it returns nil In general, regex's return a match when i use the above, but treetop regex's dont. Does anyone have any tips/points on how to go about this? Plus, since there isn't much documentation for treetop and the examples are either too trivial or too complex, is there anyone who knows a more thorough documentation/guide for treetop?

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  • Virgin STI Help

    - by Mutuelinvestor
    I am working on a horse racing application and I'm trying to utilize STI to model a horse's connections. A horse's connections is comprised of his owner, trainer and jockey. Over time, connections can change for a variety of reasons: The horse is sold to another owner The owner switches trainers or jockey The horse is claimed by a new owner As it stands now, I have model this with the following tables: horses connections (join table) stakeholders (stakeholder has three sub classes: jockey, trainer & owner) Here are my clases and associations: class Horse < ActiveRecord::Base has_one :connection has_one :owner_stakeholder, :through => :connection has_one :jockey_stakeholder, :through => :connection has_one :trainer_stakeholder, :through => :connection end class Connection < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :horse belongs_to :owner_stakeholder belongs_to :jockey_stakeholder belongs_to :trainer_stakeholder end class Stakeholder < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :connections has_many :horses, :through => :connections end class Owner < Stakeholder # Owner specific code goes here. end class Jockey < Stakeholder # Jockey specific code goes here. end class Trainer < Stakeholder # Trainer specific code goes here. end One the database end, I have inserted a Type column in the connections table. Have I modeled this correctly. Is there a better/more elegant approach. Thanks in advance for you feedback. Jim

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  • How should I avoid memoization causing bugs in Ruby?

    - by Andrew Grimm
    Is there a consensus on how to avoid memoization causing bugs due to mutable state? In this example, a cached result had its state mutated, and therefore gave the wrong result the second time it was called. class Greeter def initialize @greeting_cache = {} end def expensive_greeting_calculation(formality) case formality when :casual then "Hi" when :formal then "Hello" end end def greeting(formality) unless @greeting_cache.has_key?(formality) @greeting_cache[formality] = expensive_greeting_calculation(formality) end @greeting_cache[formality] end end def memoization_mutator greeter = Greeter.new first_person = "Bob" # Mildly contrived in this case, # but you could encounter this in more complex scenarios puts(greeter.greeting(:casual) << " " << first_person) # => Hi Bob second_person = "Sue" puts(greeter.greeting(:casual) << " " << second_person) # => Hi Bob Sue end memoization_mutator Approaches I can see to avoid this are: greeting could return a dup or clone of @greeting_cache[formality] greeting could freeze the result of @greeting_cache[formality]. That'd cause an exception to be raised when memoization_mutator appends strings to it. Check all code that uses the result of greeting to ensure none of it does any mutating of the string. Is there a consensus on the best approach? Is the only disadvantage of doing (1) or (2) decreased performance? (I also suspect freezing an object may not work fully if it has references to other objects) Side note: this problem doesn't affect the main application of memoization: as Fixnums are immutable, calculating Fibonacci sequences doesn't have problems with mutable state. :)

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  • {DCC Warning} W1036 Variable '$frame' might not have been initialized?

    - by Gad D Lord
    Any ideas why I get this warning in Delphi XE: [DCC Warning] Form1.pas(250): W1036 Variable '$frame' might not have been initialized procedure TForm1.Action1Execute(Sender: TObject); var Thread: TThread; begin ... Thread := TThread.CreateAnonymousThread( procedure{Anonymos}() procedure ShowLoading(const Show: Boolean); begin /// <------------- WARNING IS GIVEN FOR THIS LINE (line number 250) Thread.Synchronize(Thread, procedure{Anonymous}() begin ... Button1.Enabled := not Show; ... end ); end; var i: Integer; begin ShowLoading(true); try Thread.Synchronize(Thread, procedure{Anonymous}() begin ... // some UI updates end Thread.Synchronize(Thread, procedure{Anonymous}() begin ... // some UI updates end ); finally ShowLoading(false); end; end ).NameThread('Some Thread Name'); Thread.Start; end; I do not have anywhere in my code a variable names frame nor $frame. I am even not sure how $frame with $ sign can be a valid identifier. Smells like compiler magic to me. PS: Of course the real life xosw is having other than Form1, Button1, Action1 names.

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  • Consecutive Tables in Latex

    - by Tim
    Hi, I wonder how to place several tables consecutively in Latex? The page with the text right before the first table has a little space but not enough for the first table, so the first table is to be placed on the top of the next page, although I use "\begin{table}[!h]" for it. The second table does not fit into the place in the rest of the page of the first table, so I think I might use longtable for it to span the rest of the page and the top of the next page. Similarly, I use longtable for the third table. The latex code is as follows: ... % some text \begin{table}[!h] \caption{Table 1. \label{tab:1}} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{c c} ... \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{table} \begin{center} \begin{longtable}{ c c } \caption{Table 2. \label{tab:2}}\\ ... \end{longtable} \end{center} \begin{center} \begin{longtable}{ c c } \caption{Table 3. \label{tab:3}}\\ ... \end{longtable} \end{center} ... % some text In the compiled pdf file it turns out that the order of the tables is messed up. The first table is placed behind the second and third one, and the second one spans the page with text before the tables and the next page with the third one following it. I would like to know how I can make the three tables appear consecutively in order, and there are no space left blank between them and between the text and the tables? Or if what I hope is not possible, what is the best strategy then? Thanks and regards! EDIT: Removing [!h] does not make improvement, the first table is still behind the second and the third.

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  • Raising event in custom control.

    - by SeSSiZ
    Hi all, I'm writing a custom textblock control thats populate hyperlinks and raises event when clicked to hyperlink. I wrote this code but I got stucked. My code is : Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions Public Class CustomTextBlock Inherits TextBlock Public Event Klik As EventHandler(Of EventArgs) Public ReadOnly InlineCollectionProperty As DependencyProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("InlineCollection", GetType(String), GetType(CustomTextBlock), New PropertyMetadata(New PropertyChangedCallback(AddressOf CustomTextBlock.InlineChanged))) Private Shared Sub InlineChanged(ByVal sender As DependencyObject, ByVal e As DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs) DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Clear() Dim kelimeler = Split(e.NewValue, " ") For i = 0 To kelimeler.Length - 1 If Regex.Match(kelimeler(i), "(http|ftp|https):\/\/[\w\-_]+(\.[\w\-_]+)+([\w\-\.,@?^=%&amp;:/~\+#]*[\w\-\@?^=%&amp;/~\+#])?").Success Then Dim x = New Hyperlink(New Run(kelimeler(i))) x.AddHandler(Hyperlink.ClickEvent, New RoutedEventHandler(AddressOf t_Click)) x.ToolTip = kelimeler(i) x.Tag = kelimeler(i) DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(x) If Not i = kelimeler.Length Then DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(" ") Else DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(kelimeler(i)) If Not i = kelimeler.Length Then DirectCast(sender, CustomTextBlock).Inlines.Add(" ") End If ''//Console.WriteLine(kelime(i).ToString.StartsWith("@")) Next kelimeler = Nothing End Sub Public Property InlineCollection As String Get Return DirectCast(GetValue(InlineCollectionProperty), String) End Get Set(ByVal value As String) SetValue(InlineCollectionProperty, value) End Set End Property Private Shared Sub t_Click(ByVal sender As Hyperlink, ByVal e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs) e.Handled = True RaiseEvent Klik(sender, EventArgs.Empty) End Sub End Class This code gives error at RaiseEvent Klik(sender, EventArgs.Empty) Error is : Cannot refer to an instance member of a class from within a shared method or shared member initializer without an expliticit instance of the class. Thanks for your answers, Alper

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  • Sending and receiving IM messages via controller in Rails

    - by Grnbeagle
    Hi, I need a way to handle XMPP communication in my Rails app. My requirements are: Keep an instance of XMPP client running and logged in as one specific user (my bot user) Trigger an event from a controller to send a message and wait for a reply. The message is sent to another machine equipped with a bot so that the reply is supposed to be returned quickly. I installed xmpp4r and backgrounDrb similar to what's described here, but backgrounDrb seems to have evolved and I couldn't get it to wait for a reply. If it has to happen asynchronously, I am willing to use a server-push technology to notify the browser when the reply arrives. To give you a better idea, here are snippets of my code: (In controller) class ServicesController < ApplicationController layout 'simple' def index render :text => "index" end def show @my_service = Service.find(params[:id]) worker = MiddleMan.worker(:jabber_agent_worker) worker.send_request(:arg => {:jid => "someuser@someserver", :cmd => "help"}) render :text => "testing" end end (In worker script) require 'xmpp4r' require 'logger' class JabberAgentWorker < BackgrounDRb::MetaWorker set_worker_name :jabber_agent_worker def create(args = nil) jid = Jabber::JID.new('myagent@myserver') @client = Jabber::Client.new(jid) @client.connect @client.auth('pass') @client.send(Jabber::Presence.new.set_show(:chat).set_status('BackgrounDRb')) @client.add_message_callback do |message| logger.info("**** messaged received: #{message}") # never reaches here end end def send_request(args = nil) to_jid = Jabber::JID.new(args[:jid]) message = Jabber::Message::new(to_jid, args[:cmd]).set_type(:normal).set_id('1') @client.send(message) end end If anyone can tell me any of the following, I'd much appreciate it: issue with my backgrounDrb usage other background process alternatives appropriate for XMPP interactions other ways of achieving this Thanks in advance.

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  • Visibility of reintroduced constructor

    - by avenmore
    I have reintroduced the form constructor in a base form, but if I override the original constructor in a descendant form, the reintroduced constructor is no longer visible. type TfrmA = class(TForm) private FWndParent: HWnd; public constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent; const AWndParent: Hwnd); reintroduce; overload; virtual; end; constructor TfrmA.Create(AOwner: TComponent; const AWndParent: Hwnd); begin FWndParent := AWndParent; inherited Create(AOwner); end; type TfrmB = class(TfrmA) private public end; type TfrmC = class(TfrmB) private public constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override; end; constructor TfrmC.Create(AOwner: TComponent); begin inherited Create(AOwner); end; When creating: frmA := TfrmA.Create(nil, 0); frmB := TfrmB.Create(nil, 0); frmC := TfrmC.Create(nil, 0); // Compiler error My work-around is to override the reintroduced constructor or to declare the original constructor overloaded, but I'd like to understand the reason for this behavior. type TfrmA = class(TForm) private FWndParent: HWnd; public constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); overload; override; constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent; const AWndParent: Hwnd); reintroduce; overload; virtual; end; type TfrmC = class(TfrmB) private public constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent; const AWndParent: Hwnd); override; end;

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  • MMS2R and Multiple Images Rails

    - by Maletor
    Here's my code: require 'mms2r' class IncomingMailHandler < ActionMailer::Base ## # Receives email(s) from MMS-Email or regular email and # uploads that content the user's photos. # TODO: Use beanstalkd for background queueing and processing. def receive(email) begin mms = MMS2R::Media.new(email) ## # Ok to find user by email as long as activate upon registration. # Remember to make UI option that users can opt out of registration # and either not send emails or send them to a [email protected] # type address. ## # Remember to get SpamAssasin if (@user = User.find_by_email(email.from) && email.has_attachments?) mms.media.each do |key, value| if key.include?('image') value.each do |file| @user.photos.push Photo.create!(:uploaded_data => File.open(file), :title => email.subject.empty? ? "Untitled" : email.subject) end end end end ensure mms.purge end end end and here's my error: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.4/lib/commands/runner.rb:48: undefined method photos' for true:TrueClass (NoMethodError) from /usr/home/xxx/app/models/incoming_mail_handler.rb:23:in each' from /usr/home/xxx/app/models/incoming_mail_handler.rb:23:in receive' from /usr/home/xxx/app/models/incoming_mail_handler.rb:21:in each' from /usr/home/xxx/app/models/incoming_mail_handler.rb:21:in receive' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionmailer-2.3.4/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:419:in receive' from (eval):1 from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in eval' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.4/lib/commands/runner.rb:48 from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in gem_original_require' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /home/xxx/script/runner:3 I sent an email to the server with two image attachments. Upon receiving the email the server runs "| ruby /xxx/script/runner 'IncomingMailHandler.receive STDIN.read'" What is going on? What am I doing wrong? MMS2R docs are here: http://mms2r.rubyforge.org/mms2r/

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  • Calculate location and number of intersections between multiple date/time ranges?

    - by Patricker
    I need to calculate the location of intersections between multiple date ranges, and the number of overlapping intersections. Then I need to show which date/time ranges overlap each of those intersecting sections. It is slightly more complicated than that so I'll do my best to explain by providing an example. I am working in VB.Net, but C# examples are acceptable as well as I work in both. We have several high risk tasks that involve the same system. Below I have three example jobs named HR1/2/3/4 with start and end date/times. HR1 {1/6/2010 10:00 - 1/6/2010 15:00} HR2 {1/6/2010 11:00 - 1/6/2010 18:00} HR3 {1/6/2010 12:00 - 1/6/2010 14:00} HR4 {1/6/2010 18:00 - 1/6/2010 20:00} What I want the end result to be is shown below. I am having trouble describing it any way but by example. HRE1 {1/6/2010 10:00 - 1/6/2010 11:00} - Intersects 1 {End Time Split 1, for readability only, not needed in solution} HRE1 {1/6/2010 11:00 - 1/6/2010 12:00} - Intersects 2 HRE2 {1/6/2010 11:00 - 1/6/2010 12:00} - Intersects 2 {End Time Split 2, for readability only, not needed in solution} HRE1 {1/6/2010 12:00 - 1/6/2010 14:00} - Intersects 3 HRE2 {1/6/2010 12:00 - 1/6/2010 14:00} - Intersects 3 HRE3 {1/6/2010 12:00 - 1/6/2010 14:00} - Intersects 3 {End Time Split 3, for readability only, not needed in solution} HRE1 {1/6/2010 14:00 - 1/6/2010 15:00} - Intersects 2 HRE2 {1/6/2010 14:00 - 1/6/2010 15:00} - Intersects 2 {End Time Split 4, for readability only, not needed in solution} HRE2 {1/6/2010 15:00 - 1/6/2010 18:00} - Intersects 1 {End Time Split 5, for readability only, not needed in solution} HR4 {1/6/2010 18:00 - 1/6/2010 20:00} - Intersects 1 Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Quicksort / vector / partition issue

    - by xxx
    Hi, I have an issue with the following code : class quicksort { private: void _sort(double_it begin, double_it end) { if ( begin == end ) { return ; } double_it it = partition(begin, end, bind2nd(less<double>(), *begin)) ; iter_swap(begin, it-1); _sort(begin, it-1); _sort(it, end); } public: quicksort (){} void operator()(vector<double> & data) { double_it begin = data.begin(); double_it end = data.end() ; _sort(begin, end); } }; However, this won't work for too large a number of elements (it works with 10 000 elements, but not with 100 000). Example code : int main() { vector<double>v ; for(int i = n-1; i >= 0 ; --i) v.push_back(rand()); quicksort f; f(v); return 0; } Doesn't the STL partition function works for such sizes ? Or am I missing something ? Many thanks for your help.

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  • In Corona SDK the background image always cover other images

    - by user1446126
    I'm currently making a tower defense game with Corona SDK. However, while I'm making the gaming scene, The background scene always cover the monster spawn, I've tried background:toBack() ,however it's doesn't work.Here is my code: module(..., package.seeall) function new() local localGroup = display.newGroup(); local level=require(data.levelSelected); local currentDes = 1; monsters_list = display.newGroup() --The background local bg = display.newImage ("image/levels/1/bg.png"); bg.x = _W/2;bg.y = _H/2; bg:toBack(); --generate the monsters function spawn_monster(kind) local monster=require("monsters."..kind); newMonster=monster.new() --read the spawn(starting point) in level, and spawn the monster there newMonster.x=level.route[1][1];newMonster.y=level.route[1][2]; monsters_list:insert(newMonster); localGroup:insert(monsters_list); return monsters_list; end function move(monster,x,y) -- Using pythagoras to calauate the moving distace, Hence calauate the time consumed according to speed transition.to(monster,{time=math.sqrt(math.abs(monster.x-x)^2+math.abs(monster.y-y)^2)/(monster.speed/30),x=x, y=y, onComplete=newDes}) end function newDes() currentDes=currentDes+1; end --moake monster move according to the route function move_monster() for i=1,monsters_list.numChildren do move(monsters_list[i],200,200); print (currentDes); end end function agent() spawn_monster("basic"); end --Excute function above. timer2 = timer.performWithDelay(1000,agent,10); timer.performWithDelay(100,move_monster,-1); timer.performWithDelay(10,update,-1); move_monster(); return localGroup; end and the monster just stuck at the spawn point and stay there. but, When i comment these 3 lines of code: --local bg = display.newImage ("image/levels/1/bg.png"); --bg.x = _W/2;bg.y = _H/2; --bg:toBack(); The problem disappear Any ideas??Thanks for helping

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