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  • Read linux kernel version using C?

    - by ipkiss
    Hi, I am using Ubuntu and I want to read the version of its kernel. I found a file named version in /proc/ that records the version of the current kernel. If I dont want to read file, is there any other way, like built-in function in C, that I can read the version in C? Thanks

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  • in kernel and user space

    - by jtzero
    Now I know that developing an app that goes into kernel space should be avoided - its hard to debug, complex etc.... with that off the table what are some advanteages to moving an app from user space to the kernel?

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  • Massive crash and kernel panic after updates yesterday, what now?

    - by Ghost
    Got 12.04 on an AMD+radeon machine, everything was running fine until last night when the update manager installed new packages, and now the moment I open a browser (firefox, chromium, anything) it crashes instantly. It says warning: at build/buildd/linux-3.5.0/arch/x86/kernel/smp.c:123 native_smp_send_reschedule+0x5b/0x60() Pid: 2432, comm: chrome_dbthread tainted: G D 3.5.0-2generic #2-ubuntu I already tried uninstalling the packages from the update log, didn't solve a thing. Depending of which browser I use I get a different reaction, like a complete freeze instead of a text console crash. Ideas? I really don't know what to do.

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  • Changing file permissions in kernel.

    - by Mehrdad
    I am writing kernel module(C in Linux) and I want to change the permission of the other files in it. any solution? since I am in kernel I can't use chmod syscall and ... thanks for your help This is my Makefile: > obj-m += ca.o > > all: > make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules > > clean: > make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean And this is my Code: > #include <linux/string.h> > #include <linux/mm.h> > /* Snip, tons of includes (all of them :))*/ > #include <linux/delay.h> .... int procfile_write(struct file *file, > const char *buffer, unsigned long > count, > void *data) { ... sys_chmod(path, per); ... } ... When Making it gives a warning: WARNING: "sys_chmod" [file] undefiened and when loading the module with "sudo insmod" it gives this error: Unknown sybol in module it seems that this error happens especialy in kernel modules. any idea? again thanks!

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  • Simple OpenCL Kernel

    - by Yuuta
    I'm trying to write a kernel which is a little long but the output is not correct. I took out a lot almost everything and finally narrowed down the an initialization problem and I found that the following works: __kernel void k_sIntegral(__global const float* eData,__global const unsigned long* elements,__global float* area){ const int i = get_global_id(0); if(i < elements[0]){ area[i] = i; } } But the following does not work: __kernel void k_sIntegral(__global const float* eData,__global const unsigned long* elements,__global float* area){ const int i = get_global_id(0); if(i < elements[0]){ __local float a,b,c,j,k,h,s; area[i] = i; } } Using the first kernel, I get: area[1] = 1 Using the second kernel, I get: area[1] = 0 (from calloc) Update: It seems like the code does work, but I need to change the function name otherwise it somehow calls the previous function even though it was not compiled (?). Any leads to why that happens? If anyone can let me know what might be the problem I'll be really grateful, thanks in advance!

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  • Restricting memory area for linux kernel

    - by user1066789
    I am running ltib linux on P1022RDK (P1022 Core) platform. I have 512 MB = 0x20000000 memory. I want my linux kernel to use second half of the board memory (i.e from 256 MB to 512 MB) and want first half of memory to be reserved for some other purpose. For this I am building linux kernel using ltib. For that purpose I am setting following kernel configuration. Please suggest if I am doing it the right way. CONFIG_LOWMEM_SIZE = 0x10000000 # 256 MB CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START = 0x10000000 # Starting from 256MB (second half of memory) On the Uboot I am loading the kernel as following way setenv loadaddr 0x11000000 # Kernel base = 0x10000000 + 0x01000000 (offset) setenv fdtaddr 0x10c00000 # Kernel base = 0x10000000 + 0x00c00000 (offset) bootm $loadaddr - $fdtaddr My kernel Load address is 0x10000000 & kernel entry point is 0x10000000 Doing above configuration / steps my kernel stuck at following on Uboot ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 11000000 ... Image Name: Linux-2.6.32.13 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 3352851 Bytes = 3.2 MB Load Address: 10000000 Entry Point: 10000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 10c00000 Booting using the fdt blob at 0x10c00000 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK ================ It should uncompress FDT here & continue ============== Any thoughts ?

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  • Linux says a kernel module has an unknown symbol, but another loaded module provides it.

    - by raldi
    I'm trying to install a driver for a USB DAQ box, which annoyingly, I have to compile myself. I believe I've succeeded -- I have two .ko files: -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45271 2010-03-18 21:24 advdrv_core.ko -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24312 2010-03-18 21:24 usb4761.ko I was able to run insmod on the first without incident, but when I try on the second, I get a flood of messages: kernel: [686782.106547] usb4761: no symbol version for adv_process_info_check_event kernel: [686782.106555] usb4761: Unknown symbol adv_process_info_check_event kernel: [686782.106691] usb4761: no symbol version for advdrv_unregister_driver kernel: [686782.106695] usb4761: Unknown symbol advdrv_unregister_driver However, advdrv_core.ko provides these symbols. My kernel sure seems to have them in memory: # cat /proc/kallsyms | grep advdrv_unregister_driver f8d88504 r __ksymtab_advdrv_unregister_driver [advdrv_core] f8d888d2 r __kstrtab_advdrv_unregister_driver [advdrv_core] f8d885a4 r __kcrctab_advdrv_unregister_driver [advdrv_core] 086eb8fb a __crc_advdrv_unregister_driver [advdrv_core] f8d86e90 t advdrv_unregister_driver [advdrv_core] Why does my insmod claim they're unknown symbols?

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  • if there are multiple kernel module can drive the same device, what is the rule to choose from them?

    - by Dyno Fu
    both pcnet32 and vmxnet can drive the device. $ lspci -k ... 02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] (rev 10) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 19 I/O ports at 2000 [size=128] [virtual] Expansion ROM at dc400000 [disabled] [size=64K] Kernel driver in use: vmxnet Kernel modules: vmxnet, pcnet32 both kernel modules are loaded, $ lsmod | grep net pcnet32 32644 0 vmxnet 17696 0 mii 5212 1 pcnet32 as you see, kernel driver in use is vmxnet. is there any policy/algorithm in kernel how to choose from the candidates?

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  • How to become a Kernel/Systems/Device driver programmer?

    - by accordionfolder
    Hello all! I currently work in a professional capacity as a software engineer working with the Android OS. We work at integrating our platform as a native daemon among other facets of the project. I primarily work in Java developing the SDK and Android applications, but get to help with the platform in C/C++. Anywho, I have a great interest to work professionally developing low level for linux. I am not unhappy in my current position and will hang around as long as the company lets me (as a matter of fact I quite enjoy working there!), but I would like to work my way that direction. I've been working through Linux Kernel Development (Robert Love) and The Linux Programming Interface (Michael Kerrisk) (In addition to strengthening my C skills at every chance I get) and casually browsing Monster and similar sites. The problem I see is, there are no entry level positions. How does one break into this field? Anytime I see "Linux Systems Programmer" or "Linux Device Driver Programmer" they all require at the minimum 5-7 years of relevant experience. They want someone who knows the ropes, not a junior level programmer (I've been working for 7 months now...). So, I'm assuming, that some of you on stackoverflow work in a professional capacity doing just what I would like to do. How did you get there? What platforms did you use to work your way there? Am I going to have a more difficult time because I have my bachelors in CSC as opposed to a computer engineer (where they would experience a bit more embedded, asm, etc)?

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  • How do I target a specific driver for libata kernel parameter modding?

    - by DanielSmedegaardBuus
    Sorry for the cryptic title. Not sure how to phrase it. This is it in a nutshell: I'm running a 22-disk setup, 19 of those in a ZFS array, 15 of those backed by three port multipliers attached to SATA controllers driven by the sata_sil24 module. When running full speed (SATA2, i.e. 3 Gbps), the operation is pretty quirky (simple read errors will throw an entire PMP into spasms for a long time, sometimes with pretty awful results). Booting with kernel parameter libata.force=1.5G to force SATA controllers into "legacy" speeds completely fixes all issues with the PMPs. Thing is, my ZFS pool is backed by a fast cache SSD on my ICH10R controller. Another SSD on this same controller holds the system. Doing libata.force=1.5G immediately shaves about 100 MB/s off the transfer rate of my SSDs. For the root drive, that's not such a big deal, but for the ZFS cache SSD, it is. It effectively makes the entire zpool slower for sustained transfers than it would've been without the cache drive. Random access and fs tree lookups, of course still benifit. I'm hoping, though, that there's some way to pass the .force=1.5G parameter on to just the three SATA controllers being backed by the sata_sil24 module. But listing the module options for this, no such option exists. Is this possible? And if so, how? Thanks :)

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  • How can I install Ubuntu's 10.10 kernel I Ubuntu 12.10?

    - by user103533
    I did use Ubuntu 10.10 for a long time, and now I replaced it with Ubuntu 12.10, every thing works great, but I do have one little problem, which is with my wireless card. On Ubuntu 10.10, it worked PERFECTLY, and it even worked better than in windows 7, so I was very happy with Ubuntu 10.10, but, like I said, after installing 12.10, my wireless card doesn't work any more, so I heard that KERNELS are the reason for that. Are kernels the reason for my wireless not working now? If yes then please teach me how to remove my current kernels and install 10.10 kernels. I went to -Additional Drivers- and i found something very weird i took picture and this is what it look like "apply changes" Button NOT active so i can't install driver :( anyway... my Wireless card is WL-138g v2 (remember on Ubuntu 10.10 it was WORKING 100% normally and FREE i did NOT pay for it driver) so... now what shall i do ? it is saying in picture // Using Non-Free firmware for linux kernel drivers from linux-firmware-nonfree (proprietary) // BTW i did "rfkill list" but NO-thing appear under that command.

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  • Control Your SEO Efforts With a Link Tracker

    Link exchanges are great way to achieve visibility for your website but they can also be a monumental waste of time, effort, and money if you are not taking advantage of link tracker technology. For webmasters not familiar with exchanging links, they are a basic technique whereby you display another website's link on your website in return for your link on their site.

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  • Tagging gone from Nautilus, GAJ, tracker

    - by nathan28
    I had installed Gnome Activity Journal, Zeitgeist and Tracker but borked the install by mixing the PPAs with the universe repos. I removed all the packages, did apt-get remove --purge, then did a locate to manually rm everything else. Then I reinstalled from the PPAs properly. Now I can't tag files anymore, either in Nautilus or GAJ. What packages are involved in tagging? What else might I be missing?

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  • Windows CE Remote Kernel Tracker - gathering data in one (more) file during a log period of time

    - by Nic
    I'm using the "Windows CE Kernel Tracker" tool to gather data from my embedded device. This is working fine for short period of time. It seems that the tool is getting data in memory and not on disk. I'm wondering if there is a way to take the data from the device and log it in one or more file on my development computer. This could be useful for long time test period : for instance, one night or one entire day. Any ideas? p.s. I don't want to log on to the device, I want to log on my development PC.

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  • dpkg reporting as installed, uninstalled kernels

    - by Tony Martin
    I have run the following command to remove old kernels: dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge and only the current kernel is now installed, which I have confirmed in synaptic and by checking my boot partition. However, when I run: dpkg --list | grep linux-image I get the following response: rc linux-image-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-generic 3.13.0.34.40 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image Probably not a problem, but just wondering why versions -30 and -32 are reported as present. Can it be rectified? TIA

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  • Should I update the kernel on a Linux machine?

    - by Legate
    As I understand it, updating to a new kernel (with the normal linux-image... package, not by rolling my own) requires a server restart. However, one of our servers (Ubuntu 10.04) is running several extensive screen sessions. Restarting kills those which is always a major hassle to their owners (mostly because of lost session histories). What should I do? I see several possibilites: Not doing anything, that is update only non-kernel packages (perhaps use apt-pinning?) Update the kernel, but not restart. (Is that smart? I seem to remember there might be some problems with loading kernel modules.) Updating the kernel and restarting. Is there perhaps some way to preserve the screen sessions? I guess it ultimately boils down to this question: How important is it to update the kernel? I posted this question here instead of askubuntu.com as I think this is not an Ubuntu-specific issue though this server is running Ubuntu.

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  • How to keep asm output from Linux kernel module build

    - by fastmonkeywheels
    I'm working on a Linux kernel module for a 2.6.x kernel and I need to view the assembly output, though it's currently being done as a temporary file an deleted afterwords. I'd like to have the assembly output mixed with my C source file so I can easily trace where my problem lies. This is for an ARMv6 core and apparently objdump doesn't support this architecture. I've included my makefile below. ETREP=/xxSourceTreexx/ GNU_BIN=$(ETREP)/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin CROSS_COMPILE := $(GNU_BIN)/arm-none-linux-gnueabi- ARCH := arm KDIR=$(ETREP)/linux-2.6.31/ MAKE= CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) ARCH=$(ARCH) make obj-m += xxfile1xx.o all: $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules clean: $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean

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  • Custom types in OpenCL kernel

    - by Studer
    Is it possible to use custom types in OpenCL kernel like gmp types (mpz_t, mpq_t, …) ? To have something like that (this kernel doesn't build just because of #include <gmp.h>) : #include <gmp.h> __kernel square( __global mpz_t* input, __global mpz_t number, __global int* output, const unsigned int count) { int i = get_global_id(0); if(i < count) output[i] = mpz_divisible_p(number,input[i]); } Or maybe does OpenCL already have types that can handle large numbers ?

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  • Microsecond (or one ms) time resolution on an embedded device (Linux Kernel)

    - by ChrisDiRulli
    Hey guys, I have a kernel module I've built that requires at least 1 ms time resolution. I currently use do_gettimeofday() but I'm concerned that this won't work once I move my module to an embedded device. The device has a 180 Mz processor (MIPS) and the default HZ value in the kernel is 100. Thus using jiffies will only give me at best 10 ms resolution. That won't cut it. What I'd like to know is if do_gettimeofday() is based on the timer interrupt (HZ). Can it be guaranteed to provide at least 1 ms of resolution? Thanks!

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  • Kernel panic when altering system_call in entry.S

    - by EpsilonVector
    I'm trying to implement a system call counter, and as a result I included an int value in task_struct, and a function that increments it in a separate file. This function is supposed to be called from system_call right before it actually calls the required sys_call (I have my reasons to call it before and not after). However, if I place it before the sys_call then after compiling and booting there's a kernel panic ("tried to kill init_idle"), and if I place it right after the sys_call, it works. What's the difference and how do I overcome this? Here's the relevant code ENTRY(system_call) pushl %eax # save orig_eax SAVE_ALL GET_CURRENT(%ebx) testb $0x02,tsk_ptrace(%ebx) # PT_TRACESYS jne tracesys cmpl $(NR_syscalls),%eax jae badsys call update_counter /*This causes a kernel panic*/ call *SYMBOL_NAME(sys_call_table)(,%eax,4) movl %eax,EAX(%esp) # save the return value

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  • Need help in understanding the mapping of user-space send, sendto, sendmsg to kernel-space sendmsg

    - by bala1486
    Hello, I am trying to implement my own transport layer protocol in Linux for an experiment. I am going to use socket interface and add my protocol using sock_register. For the proto_ops i can see that the parameters for the sendmsg and recvmsg are (struct kiocb *iocb, struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg, size_t len, int flags). But there are three types of user api's send, sendto, sendmsg. Of these three only sendmsg contains a parameter for msghdr. I find that the other two api's are incompatible with the parameters supplied by the kernel to my kernel-space sendmsg function. So what happens when we use send and sendto user-space api's? Hope i am clear.. Thanks, Bala

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  • Android and Kernel-Modules...

    - by Nils Pipenbrinck
    So - Android is build on top of a stripped down linux system. Most of the convenient utilities are missing but all the basics are there. I can call insmod and rmmod. No problem. But where do kernel-modules and firmware files reside? I can't find any. there is no /lib/modules in the standard distribution. Problem: I need modules. For sure don't want to compile support for each and every usb-device in the world into the linux-kernel. Where should I put them?

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  • Kernel thread exit in linux

    - by Raffo
    Hi guys, I'm here to ask you the difference between a process and a thread in linux. I know that a thread for linux is just a "task", which shares with the father process things that they need to have in common (the address space and other important informations). I also know that the two are creating calling the same function ('clone()'), but there's still something that I'm missing: what really happens when a thread exit? What function is called inside the linux kernel? I know that when a process exits calls the do_exit function, but here or somewhere else there should be a way to understand if it is just a thread exiting or a whole process. Can you explain me this thing or redirect to some textbook?? I tried 'Understanding the linux kernel' but I was not satisfied with it. I'm asking this thing because a need to add things to the task_struct struct, but I need to discriminate how to manage those informations for a process and its children. Thank you.

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