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• Logging violations of rules in limits.conf

  - by PaulDaviesC

  I am trying to log the details of the programs that where failed due to the limit cap defined in the limits.conf. My initial plan was to do it using the audit system. The idea was to track the system calls related to limits in the limits.conf that where failed. However the problem with this approach is that , it is not possible to track the violations of cpu time, since that violation do not involve failure of system calls. In the case of CPU time , one thing happens is that the program which violated the cpu time will be delivered a SIGXCPU. So my question is how should I go about logging the programs that violated CPU time? Also is there any limits.conf specific logs available?

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• robots.txt file with more restrictive rules for certain user agents

  - by Carson63000

  Hi, I'm a bit vague on the precise syntax of robots.txt, but what I'm trying to achieve is: Tell all user agents not to crawl certain pages Tell certain user agents not to crawl anything (basically, some pages with enormous amounts of data should never be crawled; and some voracious but useless search engines, e.g. Cuil, should never crawl anything) If I do something like this: User-agent: * Disallow: /path/page1.aspx Disallow: /path/page2.aspx Disallow: /path/page3.aspx User-agent: twiceler Disallow: / ..will it flow through as expected, with all user agents matching the first rule and skipping page1, page2 and page3; and twiceler matching the second rule and skipping everything?

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• How to forward traffic using iptables rules?

  - by ProbablePattern

  I am new to iptables and I have been doing Google searches for a few days now without finding a good solution to this problem. I have computer A with a public ip address (say 192.0.2.1) that can access the Internet unrestricted. I have another computer B with a private ip address (192.168.1.1) that can only access computer A. How do I use iptables to forward network traffic from B through A to the Internet? I need to use http, ftp, and https in order to use apt-get with sudo. Both computers run Ubuntu linux. I have tried using Squid but I think it is far too complicated for what I need to do.

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• Postfix $smtpd_banner rules

  - by horen

  For monitoring purposes I would like to add the IP address to the Postfix smtpd_banner: smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $smtp_bind_address which works and outputs: 220 mail.mydomain.com ESMTP 123.456.789.0 Now I am wondering if there are any (negative) repercussions to expect. I couldn't find anything about it in the RFC docs. The Postfix docs add another parameter ($mail_name) in their example, so I think I am fine. I just want to verify that my syntax is correct and is allowed.

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• Propagaging Apache rules Automatically for all folders Beneath Root [closed]

  - by Sam

  Hi folks, my webroot folder /httpdocs folder contains a .htaccess file The first lines look like this: RewriteEngine on RewriteBase / AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 Options +FollowSymLinks -Indexes -ExecCGI # DirectoryIndex index.php /index.php # ServerSignature Off Now, I want all settings that I have set it to, to be propagated automatically to other folders as well. How can I do that? Thanks very much for suggestions.

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• Configuring iptables rules for HAProxy and others

  - by MLister

  I have the following relevant settings for HAProxy: defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 option redispatch maxconn 500 contimeout 5s clitimeout 15s srvtimeout 15s frontend public bind *:80 option http-server-close option http-pretend-keepalive option forwardfor # ACLs ... I have three backends (including a Nginx server) configured in HAProxy, all listening on different ports of 127.0.0.1. And my iptables config is this: *filter # Allows all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0 -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT # Accepts all established inbound connections -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allows all outbound traffic # You can modify this to only allow certain traffic -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # Allows HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites) -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allows SSH connections # # THE -dport NUMBER IS THE SAME ONE YOU SET UP IN THE SSHD_CONFIG FILE # -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow ping -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT # log iptables denied calls -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 # Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy -A INPUT -j REJECT -A FORWARD -j REJECT COMMIT My questions are: Would the above iptables config work with the settings/options in my HAProxy config? I am also runnning a postgres and a redis server on the same machine, what settings do I need to adjust for these two to enable them work with iptables?

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• Apache Rewrite Rules

  - by Philip

  I have moved my website from a Wiki to Wordpress and in the process, realised that I have broken links to some popular pages on my website. Is it possible to fix this with a rewrite rule? I need the rule to redirect anything beginning with "^/wiki/(.+)$" to "/$1" but also replacing the "_" character used in MediaWiki slugs to "-" used in Wordpress slugs. For example: http://example.com/wiki/An_Example_Page should be pointed to: http://example.com/an-example-page Is it possible to write such a rewrite rule? Edit: It appears that Wordpress doesn't even care if the "/wiki/" part is removed - provided the slug matches, and that seems to be case-insensitive too. So all I need to do is change the "_" characters to "-" in the slugs.

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• .htaccess rules not working, but the file seems to be loaded

  - by user221877

  I am trying to remove .php at the end of the URL from any page thats loaded. RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.php -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.php Its running on my own server, which has WHM/cPanel, so I can change settings at the server level, I'm just not really sure what I'm looking for. I found the httpd.conf file, but it said it was auto generated by whm, so I tried looking in whm for the correct settings but it had barely any settings related to htaccess. If I fill htaccess with gibberish it stops the site from loading, which I assume means that the .htaccess file is being loaded, so I'm not sure what the issue is.

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• iptable rules not blocking

  - by psychok7

  so i am trying to allow ssh access to a certain range of ips (from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.24) and block all the rest but since i am new to iptables i can't seem to figure, i have : iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p udp --dport ssh -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport ssh -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport ssh -j REJECT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport ssh -j REJECT but this does not work, with a vm set with 192.168.1.89 i can still access through ssh. can someone help?

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• IIRF redirect combine rules?

  - by Phill

  I have 3 "rules". One to make sure URLs are lowercase another to include a slash at the end of directories, and a 3rd to force access to index.html pages to be thru the directory instead. The problem w/ how I have it is, sometimes this is causing multiple 301 redirects. I'd really like each rule to apply in turn and then if neccessary redirect once to the final url. For example a url might need to be converted to lowercase and have a slash added. Or may need to be lowecase and change from index.html to a directory. Any ideas how I can do this? Thanks very much. The rules are below: #LOWERCASE URLS For Directories, aspx, html files RedirectRule ^/(.*[A-Z].*(/|\.html|\.aspx))$ /#L$1#E [R=301] #ADD SLASH TO DIRECTORIES #--------------------------------------------- #Perm Redirect If: #Starts w/ Forward Slash #Match Any Characters Except (. or ?) 1 or more times #End w/ someting besides a dot, ?, or slash #If So, Perm Redirect captured piece W/ Slash At End and at front RedirectRule ^/([^.?]+[^.?/])$ /$1/ [I,R=301] #CHANGE INDEX.HTML REQUESTS TO DIRECTORY REQUESTS #--------------------------------------------- RedirectRule ^/(.*)/index\.html$ /$1/ [I,R=301]

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• Rules engine for spatial and temporal reasoning?

  - by John

  I have an application that receives a number of datums that characterize spatial / temporal processes. It then filters these datums and creates actions which are then sent to processes that perform the actions. Rinse and repeat. At present, I have a collection of custom filters that perform a lot of complicated spatial/temporal calculations. Many times as I discuss my system to individuals in my company, they ask if I'm using a rules engine. I have yet to find a rules engine that is able to reason well temporally and spatially. (Things like When are two entities ever close? Is entity A ever in region B? If entity C is near entity D but oriented backwards relative to C then perform action D.) I have looked at Drools, Cyc, Jess in the past (say 3-4 years ago). It's time to re-examine the state of the art. Any suggestions? Any standards that you know of that support this kind of reasoning? Any defacto standards? Any applications? Thanks!

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• Excluding a script from the general UrlRewrite rules

  - by Steven

  Hi, I have following rewrite rules for a website: RewriteEngine On # Stop reading config files RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} .*/web.config$ [NC,OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} .*/\.htaccess$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.+)$ - [F] # Rewrite to url RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !^(/bilder_losning/|/bilder/|/gfx/|/js/|/css/|/doc/).* RewriteRule ^(.+)$ index.cfm?smartLinkKey=%{REQUEST_URI} [L] Now I have to exclude a script including its eventually querystrings from the above rules, so that I can access and execute it on the normal way, at the moment the whole url is being ignored and forwarded to the index page. I need to have access to the script shoplink.cfm in the root which takes variables tduid and url (shoplink.cfm?tduid=1&url=) I have tried to resolve it using this: # maybe?: RewriteRule !(^/shoplink.cfm [QSA] but to be honest, I have not much of a clue of urlrewriting and have no idea what I am supposed to write. I just know that above will generate a nice 500 error. I have been looking around a lot on stackoverflow and other websites on the same subject, but all I see is people trying to exclude directories, not files. In the worst case I could add the script to a seperate directory and exclude the directory from the rewriterules, but rather not since the script should really remain in the root. Just also tried: RewriteRule ^/shoplink.cfm$ $0 [L] but that didn't do anything either. Anyone who can help me out on this subject? Thanks in advance. Steven Esser ColdFusion programmer

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• TDD - testing business rules/validation in ASP.NET MVC

  - by csetzkorn

  Hi, I am using the sharp architecture so I can easily use mocks etc. in my unit tests and/or during TDD. I have quite complicated business rules and would like to test them at the controller level. I am just wondering how other people do this? For me validation tests business rules at three levels: (1) Property level (e.g. property is required) (2) Intra property level (e.g. start date < end date) (3) Persistence level (e.g. name is unique, parent cannot be child of child) My validation framework also assigns errors to properties. I am just wondering what other people do? Do you write a test for each business rule and check whether the correct error message is assigned to the correct property (i.e. looking at the ASP.MVC ModelState)? I hope my question makes sense. Thanks a lot! Best wishes, Christian

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• Multiple SFINAE rules

  - by Fred

  Hi everyone, After reading the answer to this question, I learned that SFINAE can be used to choose between two functions based on whether the class has a certain member function. It's the equivalent of the following, just that each branch in the if statement is split into an overloaded function: template<typename T> void Func(T& arg) { if(HAS_MEMBER_FUNCTION_X(T)) arg.X(); else //Do something else because T doesn't have X() } becomes template<typename T> void Func(T &arg, int_to_type<true>); //T has X() template<typename T> void Func(T &arg, int_to_type<false>); //T does not have X() I was wondering if it was possible to extend SFINAE to do multiple rules. Something that would be the equivalent of this: template<typename T> void Func(T& arg) { if(HAS_MEMBER_FUNCTION_X(T)) //See if T has a member function X arg.X(); else if(POINTER_DERIVED_FROM_CLASS_A(T)) //See if T is a pointer to a class derived from class A arg->A_Function(); else if(DERIVED_FROM_CLASS_B(T)) //See if T derives from class B arg.B_Function(); else if(IS_TEMPLATE_CLASS_C(T)) //See if T is class C<U> where U could be anything arg.C_Function(); else if(IS_POD(T)) //See if T is a POD type //Do something with a POD type else //Do something else because none of the above rules apply } Is something like this possible? Thank you.

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• Aspect-Oriented Programming in OOP world - breaking rules ?

  - by Maksim Kondratyuk

  Hi 2 all! When I worked on asp.net mvc web site project, I investigated different approaches for validation. Some of them were DataAnotation validation and Validation Block. They use attributes for setting up rules for validation. Like this: [Required] public string Name {get;set;} I was confused how this approach combines with SRP (single responsibilty principle) from OOP world. Also I don't like any business logic in business objects, I prefer "poor business objects" model, but when I decorate my business objects with validation attributes for real requirements, they become ugly (Has a lot of attributes / with localization logic and so on). Idea with attributes realy simple, but in my opinion the validation decoration should be separated from object. I'm not sure is the approach to separate validation rules to xml files or to another objects, maybe it is a solution. Another bad side of AOP - problems with unit testin such code. When I decorated some controller actions with custom attributes for example to import/export TempData between actions or initialize some required services I can't to write proper unit test for testing this actions. Do you think that attributes don't break srp or you just disregard this and think that it's simplest , is not worst way ? P.S. I read some likes articles and discussions and I just want to put things in proper order. P.P.S. sorry for my "fluent" english :=)

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• How should rules for Aggregate Roots be enforced?

  - by MylesRip

  While searching the web, I came across a list of rules from Eric Evans' book that should be enforced for aggregates: The root Entity has global identity and is ultimately responsible for checking invariants Root Entities have global identity. Entities inside the boundary have local identity, unique only within the Aggregate. Nothing outside the Aggregate boundary can hold a reference to anything inside, except to the root Entity. The root Entity can hand references to the internal Entities to other objects, but they can only use them transiently (within a single method or block). Only Aggregate Roots can be obtained directly with database queries. Everything else must be done through traversal. Objects within the Aggregate can hold references to other Aggregate roots. A delete operation must remove everything within the Aggregate boundary all at once When a change to any object within the Aggregate boundary is committed, all invariants of the whole Aggregate must be satisfied. This all seems fine in theory, but I don't see how these rules would be enforced in the real world. Take rule 3 for example. Once the root entity has given an exteral object a reference to an internal entity, what's to keep that external object from holding on to the reference beyond the single method or block? (If the enforcement of this is platform-specific, I would be interested in knowing how this would be enforced within a C#/.NET/NHibernate environment.)

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• Code promotion: Enforcing the rules

  - by jbarker7

  So here is our problem: We have a small team of developers with their own ways of doing things-- I am trying to formalize a process in which we are required to promote our code in the following order: Local sandbox Dev UAT Staging Live Developers develop/test as they go on their own sandbox, Dev is its own box that we would use for continuous integration, UAT is another site in IIS on the dev box, which uses our dev database. We then promote to staging, which is a site in IIS on the Live box and using live data (just like the live, hence staging). Then, finally, we promote to live. Here are a few of my questions: 1.) Does this seem to be best practice? If not, what needs to be done differently? 2.) How do I enforce the rules to the developers? Often developers skip steps in order to save time... this should not be tolerated and would be great if it could be physically enforced. 3.) How do I enforce these rules to the business group? The business group just wants to get features out FAST. Do we promote only on certain days? Thanks! Josh

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• Capitalization of Person names in programming

  - by Albert

  Hey all, Is anyone aware of some code/rules on how to capitalize the names of people correctly? John Smith Johan van Rensburg Derrick von Gogh Ruby de La Fuente Peter Maclaurin Garry McDonald (these may not be correct, just some sample names and how the capitalization could be/work) This seems like a losing battle... If anyone has some code or rules on when and how to capitalize names, let me know :) Cheers, Albert

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• Classifying captured data in unknown format?

  - by monch1962

  I've got a large set of captured data (potentially hundreds of thousands of records), and I need to be able to break it down so I can both classify it and also produce "typical" data myself. Let me explain further... If I have the following strings of data: 132T339G1P112S 164T897F5A498S 144T989B9B223T 155T928X9Z554T ... you might start to infer the following: possibly all strings are 14 characters long the 4th, 8th, 10th and 14th characters may always be alphas, while the rest are numeric the first character may always be a '1' the 4th character may always be the letter 'T' the 14th character may be limited to only being 'S' or 'T' and so on... As you get more and more samples of real data, some of these "rules" might disappear; if you see a 15 character long string, then you have evidence that the 1st "rule" is incorrect. However, given a sufficiently large sample of strings that are exactly 14 characters long, you can start to assume that "all strings are 14 characters long" and assign a numeric figure to your degree of confidence (with an appropriate set of assumptions around the fact that you're seeing a suitably random set of all possible captured data). As you can probably tell, a human can do a lot of this classification by eye, but I'm not aware of libraries or algorithms that would allow a computer to do it. Given a set of captured data (significantly more complex than the above...), are there libraries that I can apply in my code to do this sort of classification for me, that will identify "rules" with a given degree of confidence? As a next step, I need to be able to take those rules, and use them to create my own data that conforms to these rules. I assume this is a significantly easier step than the classification, but I've never had to perform a task like this before so I'm really not sure how complex it is. At a guess, Python or Java (or possibly Perl or R) are possibly the "common" languages most likely to have these sorts of libraries, and maybe some of the bioinformatic libraries do this sort of thing. I really don't care which language I have to use; I need to solve the problem in whatever way I can. Any sort of pointer to information would be very useful. As you can probably tell, I'm struggling to describe this problem clearly, and there may be a set of appropriate keywords I can plug into Google that will point me towards the solution. Thanks in advance

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• How do i create my own Token?

  - by EugenA

  I use Rules-Module. I want to add 1 to a cck integer field on an action. Someone told me to create custom token doing this addition. So, I installed tokenSTARTER module. Now, how do i access the content profile (I load it in the rules chain) where needed cck field is in?

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• mysql composite unique on FK's

  - by m2o

  I want to implement the following constraints in mysql: create table TypeMapping( ... constraint unique(server_id,type_id), constraint foreign key(server_id) references Server(id), constraint foreign key(type_id) references Type(id) ); This throws a 'ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '3-4' for key 'server_id'' when I issue an insert/update that would break the constraint. Is this type of constraint even possible? If so how? Thank you.

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• When is it important to have a public parameterless constructor in C#?

  - by raven

  I'm trying to understand the constraints on generic type parameters in C#. What is the purpose of the where T : new() constraint? Why would you need to insist that the type argument have a public parameterless constructor?

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• trouble with utf-8 chars & apache2 rewrite rules

  - by tixrus

  I see the post http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2565864/validating-utf-8-in-htaccess-rewrite-rule and I think that is great, but a more fundamental problem I am having first: I needed to expand to handle utf-8 chars for query string parameters, names of directories, files, and used in displays to users etc. I configured my Apache with DefaultCharset utf-8 and also my php if that matters. My original rewrite rule filtered everything except regular A-Za-z and underscore and hyphen. and it worked. Anything else would give you a 404 (which is what I want!) Now, however it seems that everything matches, including stuff I don't want, however, although it seems to match it doesn't go in the query string unless it is a regular A-Za-z_- character string. I find this confusing, because the rule says put whatever you matched into the query string: Here is the original rule: RewriteRule ^/puzzle/([A-Za-z_-]+)$ /puzzle.php?g=$1 [NC] and here is the revised rule: RewriteRule ^/puzzle/(\w+)$ /puzzle.php?g=$1 [NC] I made the change because somewhere I read that \w matches ALL the alpha chars where as A-Zetc. only matches the ones without accents and stuff. It doesn't seem to matter which of those rules I use: Here is what happens: In the application I have this: echo $_GET['g']; If I feed it a url like http://mydomain.com/puzzle/USA it echoes out "USA" and works fine. If I feed it a url like http://mydomain.com/puzzle/México it echoes nothing for that and warns me that index g is not defined and of course doesn't get resources for Mexico. if I feed it a url like http://mydomain.com/puzzle/fuzzle/buzzle/j.qle it does the same thing. This last case should be a 404! And it does this no matter which of the above rules I use. I configured a rewrite log RewriteLogLevel 5 RewriteLog /opt/local/apache2/logs/puzzles.httpd.rewrite but it is empty. Here is from the regular access log (it gives a status of 200) [26/May/2010:11:21:42 -0700] "GET /puzzle/M%C3%A9xico HTTP/1.1" 200 342 [26/May/2010:11:21:54 -0700] "GET /puzzle/M/l.foo HTTP/1.1" 200 342 What can I do to get these $%#$@(*#@!!! characters but not slash, dot or other non-alpha into my program, and once there, will it decode them correctly??? Would posix char classes work any better? Is there anything else I need to configure?

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• How do gitignore exclusion rules actually work?

  - by meowsqueak

  I'm trying to solve a gitignore problem on a large directory structure, but to simplify my question I have reduced it to the following. I have the following directory structure of two files (foo, bar) in a brand new git repository (no commits so far): a/b/c/foo a/b/c/bar Obviously, a 'git status -u' shows: # Untracked files: ... # a/b/c/bar # a/b/c/foo What I want to do is create a .gitignore file that ignores everything inside a/b/c but does not ignore the file 'foo'. If I create a .gitignore thus: c/ Then a 'git status -u' shows both foo and bar as ignored: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore Which is as I expect. Now if I add an exclusion rule for foo, thus: c/ !foo According to the gitignore manpage, I'd expect this to to work. But it doesn't - it still ignores foo: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore This doesn't work either: c/ !a/b/c/foo Neither does this: c/* !foo Gives: # Untracked files: ... # .gitignore # a/b/c/bar # a/b/c/foo In that case, although foo is no longer ignored, bar is also not ignored. The order of the rules in .gitignore doesn't seem to matter either. This also doesn't do what I'd expect: a/b/c/ !a/b/c/foo That one ignores both foo and bar. One situation that does work is if I create the file a/b/c/.gitignore and put in there: * !foo But the problem with this is that eventually there will be other subdirectories under a/b/c and I don't want to have to put a separate .gitignore into every single one - I was hoping to create 'project-based' .gitignore files that can sit in the top directory of each project, and cover all the 'standard' subdirectory structure. This also seems to be equivalent: a/b/c/* !a/b/c/foo This might be the closest thing to "working" that I can achieve, but the full relative paths and explicit exceptions need to be stated, which is going to be a pain if I have a lot of files of name 'foo' in different levels of the subdirectory tree. Anyway, either I don't quite understand how exclusion rules work, or they don't work at all when directories (rather than wildcards) are ignored - by a rule ending in a / Can anyone please shed some light on this? Is there a way to make gitignore use something sensible like regular expressions instead of this clumsy shell-based syntax? I'm using and observe this with git-1.6.6.1 on Cygwin/bash3 and git-1.7.1 on Ubuntu/bash3.

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• boost::bind breaks strict-aliasing rules?

  - by Kyle

  Using Boost 1.43 and GCC 4.4.3, the following code boost::bind(&SomeObject::memberFunc, this, _1)); Generates the following warning boost/function/function_base.hpp:321: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules What's the correct way to eliminate these warnings without setting -fno-strict-aliasing?

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