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• Good design of mapping Java Domain objects to Tables (using Hibernate)

  - by M. McKenzie

  Hey guys, I have a question that is more in the realm of design, than implementation. I'm also happy for anyone to point out resources for the answer and I'll gladly, research for myself. Highly simplified Java and SQL: Say I have a business domain POJO called 'Picture' with three attributes. class Picture int idPicture String fileName long size Say I have another business domain POJO called "Item" with 3 attributes Class Item int idItem String itemName ArrayList itemPictures These would be a normal simple relationship. You could say that 'Picture' object, will never exist outside an 'Item' object. Assume a picture belongs only to a specific item, but that an item can have multiple pictures Now - using good database design (3rd Normal Form), we know that we should put items and pictures in their own tables. Here is what I assume would be correct. table Item int idItem (primary key) String itemName table Picture int idPicture (primary key) varchar(45) fileName long size int idItem (foreign key) Here is my question: If you are making Hibernate mapping files for these objects. In the data design, your Picture table needs a column to refer to the Item, so that a foreign key relation can be maintained. However,in your business domain objects - your Picture does not hold a reference/attribute to the idItem - and does not need to know it. A java Picture instance is always instantiated inside an Item instance. If you want to know the Item that the Picture belongs to you are already in the correct scope. Call myItem.getIdItem() and myItem.getItemPictures(),and you have the two pieces of information you need. I know that Hibernate tools have a generator that can auto make your POJO's from looking at your database. My problem stems from the fact that I planned out the data design for this experiment/project first. Then when I went to make the domain java objects, I realized that good design dictated that the objects hold other objects in a nested way. This is obviously different from the way that a database schema is - where all objects(tables) are flat and hold no other complex types within them. What is a good way to reconcile this? Would you: (A) Make the hibernate mapping files so that Picture.hbm.xml has a mapping to the POJO parent's idItem Field (if it's even possible) (B) Add an int attribute in the Picture class to refer to the idItem and set it at instantiation, thus simplifying the hbm.xml mapping file by having all table fields as local attributes in the class (C) Fix the database design because it is wrong, dork. I'd truly appreciate any feedback

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• LINQ-to-SQL: Searching against a CSV

  - by Peter Bridger

  I'm using LINQtoSQL and I want to return a list of matching records for a CSV contains a list of IDs to match. The following code is my starting point, having turned a CSV string in a string array, then into a generic list (which I thought LINQ would like) - but it doesn't: Error Error 22 Operator '==' cannot be applied to operands of type 'int' and 'System.Collections.Generic.List<int>' C:\Documents and Settings\....\Search.cs 41 42 C:\...\ Code DataContext db = new DataContext(); List<int> geographyList = new List<int>( Convert.ToInt32(geography.Split(',')) ); var geographyMatches = from cg in db.ContactGeographies where cg.GeographyId == geographyList select new { cg.ContactId }; Where do I go from here?

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• writing to a file in nasm using system calls

  - by yurib

  As part of an assignment I'm supposed to write to a file using system calls. Everything works fine except when I try to open the file in gedit (linux), it says it can't identify the character encoding. Notepad (on windows) opens the file just fine. Why doesn't it work on linux ? here's the code: section .text global _start _start: mov EAX, 8 mov EBX, filename mov ECX, 0700 int 0x80 mov EBX, EAX mov EAX, 4 mov ECX, text mov EDX, textlen int 0x80 mov EAX, 6 int 0x80 mov eax, 1 int 0x80 section .data filename db "./output.txt", 0 text db "hello world", 0 textlen equ $ - text thanks :)

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• Can this example be done with pointers instead of global variable?

  - by Louise

  This is a simplified example of the problem I have: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> void f2(int** a) { printf("a: %i\n", **a); } void f1(int* a) { f2(&a); } int main() { int a = 3; f1(&a); // prints "a: 3" f2(???); return 0; } The problem is that I would like to be able to use f2() both in main() and in f1(). Can that be done without using global variables?

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• How to use boost::fusion::transform on heterogeneous containers?

  - by Kyle

  Boost.org's example given for fusion::transform is as follows: struct triple { typedef int result_type; int operator()(int t) const { return t * 3; }; }; // ... assert(transform(make_vector(1,2,3), triple()) == make_vector(3,6,9)); Yet I'm not "getting it." The vector in their example contains elements all of the same type, but a major point of using fusion is containers of heterogeneous types. What if they had used make_vector(1, 'a', "howdy") instead? int operator()(int t) would need to become template<typename T> T& operator()(T& const t) But how would I write the result_type? template<typename T> typedef T& result_type certainly isn't valid syntax, and it wouldn't make sense even if it was, because it's not tied to the function.

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• [java] Returning the element number of the longest string in an array

  - by JohnRoberts

  Hoookay, so. I'm trying to get the longestS method to take the user-inputted array of strings, then return the element number of the longest string in that array. I got it to the point where I was able to return the number of chars in the longest string, but I don't believe that will work for what I need. My problem is that I keep getting incompatible type errors when trying to figure this out. I don't understand the whole data type thing with strings yet. It's confusing me how I go about return a number of the array yet the array is of strings. The main method is fine, I got stuck on the ???? part. { public static void main(String [] args) { Scanner inp = new Scanner( System.in ); String [] responseArr= new String[4]; for (int i=0; i<4; i++) { System.out.println("Enter string "+(i+1)); responseArr[i] = inp.nextLine(); } int highest=longestS(responseArr); } public static int longestS(String[] values) { int largest=0 for( int i = 1; i < values.length; i++ ) { if ( ????? ) } return largest; } }

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• What is the difference between Inversion of Control and Dependency injection in C++?

  - by rlbond

  I've been reading recently about DI and IoC in C++. I am a little confused (even after reading related questions here on SO) and was hoping for some clarification. It seems to me that being familiar with the STL and Boost leads to use of dependency injection quite a bit. For example, let's say I made a function that found the mean of a range of numbers: template <typename Iter> double mean(Iter first, Iter last) { double sum = 0; size_t number = 0; while (first != last) { sum += *(first++); ++number; } return sum/number; }; Is this dependency injection? Inversion of control? Neither? Let's look at another example. We have a class: class Dice { public: typedef boost::mt19937 Engine; Dice(int num_dice, Engine& rng) : n_(num_dice), eng_(rng) {} int roll() { int sum = 0; for (int i = 0; i < num_dice; ++i) sum += boost::uniform_int<>(1,6)(eng_); return sum; } private: Engine& eng_; int n_; }; This seems like dependency injection. But is it inversion of control? Also, if I'm missing something, can someone help me out?

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• In C++, what is the "order of precedence" for shadowed variable names?

  - by Emile Cormier

  In C++, what is the "order of precedence" for shadowed variable names? I can't seem to find a concise answer online. For example: #include <iostream> int shadowed = 1; struct Foo { Foo() : shadowed(2) {} void bar(int shadowed = 3) { std::cout << shadowed << std::endl; // What does this output? } int shadowed; }; int main() { Foo().bar(); } I can't think of any other scopes where a variable might conflict. Please let me know if I missed one.

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• Variable might not have been initialized error

  - by David

  When i try to compile this: public static Rand searchCount (int[] x) { int a ; int b ; ... for (int l= 0; l<x.length; l++) { if (x[l] == 0) a++ ; else if (x[l] == 1) b++ ; } ... } I get these errors: Rand.java:72: variable a might not have been initialized a++ ; ^ Rand.java:74: variable b might not have been initialized b++ ; ^ 2 errors it seems to me that i initialized them at the top of the method. Whats going wrong?

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• Why wont my while loop wont take new input (c++)

  - by Van

  I've written a program to get a string input from a user and parse it into tokens and move a robot according to the input. My problem is trying to issue more than one command. The code looks like: void Navigator::manualDrive() { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; while(true) { Navigator::parseInstruction(uinput); } } /* parseInstruction(char *c) -- parses cstring instructions received * and moves robot accordingly */ void Navigator::parseInstruction(char * c) { const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; cout << "Enter your directions below: \n"; cin.ignore(); cin.getline (uinput, bufSize); token=strtok(uinput, delim); if(strcmp("forward", token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); Navigator::travel(inches); } if(strcmp("back",token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0735 * fabs(inches) - 0.0550); myRobot.backward(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("left",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnLeft(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("right",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0041 * degrees - 0.0523); myRobot.turnRight(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } if(strcmp("stop",token) == 0) { myRobot.motors(0,0); } } In the function manualDrive I have a while loop calling the function parseInstruction infinitely. The program outputs "Enter your directions below: " When I give the program instructions it executes them, and then it outputs "enter your directions below: " again and when I input my directions again it does not execute them and outputs "Enter your directions below: " instead. I'm sure this is a very simple fix I'm just very new to c++. So if you could please help me out and tell me why the program only takes the first set of directions. thanks

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• std::map insert segmentation fault

  - by Jakub Czaplicki

  Why does this code stop with segmentation fault : class MapFile { public: /* ... */ std::map <unsigned int, unsigned int> inToOut; }; bool MapFile::LoadMapFile( const wxString& fileName ) { /* ... */ inToOut.insert( std::make_pair(input,output) ); } but this one works fine : class MapFile { public: /* ... */ }; bool MapFile::LoadMapFile( const wxString& fileName ) { /* ... */ std::map <unsigned int, unsigned int> inToOut; inToOut.insert( std::make_pair(input,output) ); } ?

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• Copy constructor called even when returning by reference?

  - by Johnyy

  Hi, I am testing the return of local objects by reference. My original test went well but something else happens unexpected. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class MyInt { public: MyInt(int i){ value = new int(i); } ~MyInt(){ delete value; } int getValue(){ return *value; } MyInt(const MyInt &b){ cout<<"Copy"<<endl; } private: int* value; }; MyInt& returnref(){ MyInt a(10); cout<<"Returning from returnref()"<<endl; return a; } int main(){ MyInt a = returnref(); cout<<a.getValue()<<endl; return 0; } My console prints "Returning from ..." then "Copy" then a random value. My understanding of pass by reference is that it does not need to make any copy. Why is it not doing what I expected?

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• NetworkOnMainThreadException while using AsyncTask

  - by Fansher

  Im making an app that uses the internet to retrive information. I get an NetworkOnMainThreadException as i tried to run it on 3.0 and above and have therefore tried to set it up using AsyncTask, but it still gives the exception and i don't know what is wrong. Oddly enough i read on this thread Android NetworkOnMainThreadException inside of AsyncTask that if you just removes the android:targetSdkVersion="10" statement from the manifest file it will be able to run. This works but i don't find it as the right solution to solve the problem this way. So if anyone can tell me what im doing wrong with the AsyncTask i will really appriciate it. Also if there is anybody that knows why removing the statement in the manifest makes it work, im really interested in that also. My code looks like this: public class MainActivity extends Activity { static ArrayList<Tumblr> tumblrs; ListView listView; TextView footer; int offset = 0; ProgressDialog pDialog; View v; String responseBody = null; HttpResponse r; HttpEntity e; String searchUrl; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN); final ConnectivityManager conMgr = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE); final NetworkInfo activeNetwork = conMgr.getActiveNetworkInfo(); if (activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnected()) { setContentView(R.layout.main); try { tumblrs = getTumblrs(); listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); View v = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.footer_layout, null); footer = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.tvFoot); listView.addFooterView(v); listView.setAdapter(new UserItemAdapter(this, R.layout.listitem)); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } new GetChicks().execute(); footer.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { new loadMoreListView().execute(); } }); } else { setContentView(R.layout.nonet); } } public class UserItemAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Tumblr> { public UserItemAdapter(Context context, int imageViewResourceId) { super(context, imageViewResourceId, tumblrs); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { View v = convertView; if (v == null) { LayoutInflater vi = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); v = vi.inflate(R.layout.listitem, null); } Tumblr tumblr = tumblrs.get(position); if (tumblr != null) { ImageView image = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.avatar); if (image != null) { image.setImageBitmap(getBitmap(tumblr.image_url)); } } return v; } } public Bitmap getBitmap(String bitmapUrl) { try { URL url = new URL(bitmapUrl); return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(url.openConnection() .getInputStream()); } catch (Exception ex) { return null; } } public ArrayList<Tumblr> getTumblrs() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException, JSONException { searchUrl = "http://api.tumblr.com/v2/blog/"webside"/posts?api_key=API_KEY"; ArrayList<Tumblr> tumblrs = new ArrayList<Tumblr>(); return tumblrs; } private class GetChicks extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { @Override protected Void doInBackground(Void... unused) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpGet get = new HttpGet(searchUrl); HttpResponse r = null; try { r = client.execute(get); int status = r.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (status == 200) { e = r.getEntity(); responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(e); } } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } JSONObject jsonObject; try { jsonObject = new JSONObject(responseBody); JSONArray posts = jsonObject.getJSONObject("response") .getJSONArray("posts"); for (int i = 0; i < posts.length(); i++) { JSONArray photos = posts.getJSONObject(i) .getJSONArray("photos"); for (int j = 0; j < photos.length(); j++) { JSONObject photo = photos.getJSONObject(j); String url = photo.getJSONArray("alt_sizes") .getJSONObject(0).getString("url"); Tumblr tumblr = new Tumblr(url); tumblrs.add(tumblr); } } } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }); return null; } } public class Tumblr { public String image_url; public Tumblr(String url) { this.image_url = url; } } private class loadMoreListView extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { @Override protected void onPreExecute() { // Showing progress dialog before sending http request pDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this); pDialog.setMessage("More chicks coming up.."); pDialog.setIndeterminate(true); pDialog.setCancelable(false); pDialog.show(); } @Override protected Void doInBackground(Void... unused) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { // increment current page offset += 2; // Next page request tumblrs.clear(); String searchUrl = "http://api.tumblr.com/v2/blog/"webside"/posts?api_key=API_KEY&limit=2 + offset; HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpGet get = new HttpGet(searchUrl); HttpResponse r = null; try { r = client.execute(get); int status = r.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (status == 200) { HttpEntity e = r.getEntity(); responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(e); } } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } JSONObject jsonObject; try { jsonObject = new JSONObject(responseBody); JSONArray posts = jsonObject.getJSONObject("response") .getJSONArray("posts"); for (int i = 0; i < posts.length(); i++) { JSONArray photos = posts.getJSONObject(i) .getJSONArray("photos"); for (int j = 0; j < photos.length(); j++) { JSONObject photo = photos.getJSONObject(j); String url = photo.getJSONArray("alt_sizes") .getJSONObject(0).getString("url"); Tumblr tumblr = new Tumblr(url); tumblrs.add(tumblr); } } } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } // Setting new scroll position listView.setSelectionFromTop(0, 0); } }); return null; } protected void onPostExecute(Void unused) { pDialog.dismiss(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(android.view.Menu menu) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); MenuInflater blowUp = getMenuInflater(); blowUp.inflate(R.menu.cool_menu, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.aboutUs: Intent i = new Intent("com.example.example.ABOUT"); startActivity(i); break; case R.id.refresh: Intent f = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainActivity.class); startActivity(f); finish(); break; case R.id.exit: finish(); break; } return false; } } Thanks for helping out.

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• Fundamental types

  - by smerlin

  I always thought the following types are "fundamental types", so i thought my anwser to this question would be correct, but surprisingly it got downvoted... Searching the web, i found this. So, IBM says aswell those types are fundamental types.. Well how do you interpret the Standard, are following types (and similar types), "fundamental types" according to the c++ standard ? unsigned int signed char long double long long long long int unsigned long long int

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• MySQL Removing Some Foreign keys

  - by Drew

  I have a table whose primary key is used in several other tables and has several foreign keys to other tables. CREATE TABLE location ( locationID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ... ) ENGINE = InnoDB; CREATE TABLE assignment ( assignmentID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, locationID INT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY locationIDX (locationID) REFERENCES location (locationID) ... ) ENGINE = InnoDB; CREATE TABLE assignmentStuff ( ... assignmentID INT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY assignmentIDX (assignmentID) REFERENCES assignment (assignmentID) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; The problem is that when I'm trying to drop one of the foreign key columns (ie locationIDX) it gives me an "ERROR 1025 (HY000): Error on rename" error. How can I drop the column in the assignment table above without getting this error?

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• [C++] My First Go With Function Templates

  - by bobber205

  Thought it was pretty straight forward. But I get a "iterator not dereferencable" errro when running the below code. What's wrong? template<typename T> struct SumsTo : public std::binary_function<T, T, bool> { int myInt; SumsTo(int a) { myInt = a; } bool operator()(const T& l, const T& r) { cout << l << " + " << r; if ((l + r) == myInt) { cout << " does add to " << myInt; } else { cout << " DOES NOT add to " << myInt; } return true; } }; void main() { list<int> l1; l1.push_back(1); l1.push_back(2); l1.push_back(3); l1.push_back(4); list<int> l2; l2.push_back(9); l2.push_back(8); l2.push_back(7); l2.push_back(6); transform(l1.begin(), l1.end(), l2.begin(), l2.end(), SumsTo<int>(10) ); }

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• How to initialise a struct-type in the initialisation list?

  - by M4design

  How can I initilise a structure in the constructor list? Say: struct St{int x, y}; class Foo { public: Foo(int a = 0, int b = 0) : /*here initilise st_foo out of a and b*/ {} private: const St st_foo; };

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• Dangling pointer

  - by viswanathan

  Does this piece of code lead to dangling pointer. My guess is no. class Sample { public: int *ptr; Sample(int i) { ptr = new int(i); } ~Sample() { delete ptr; } void PrintVal() { cout << "The value is " << *ptr; } }; void SomeFunc(Sample x) { cout << "Say i am in someFunc " << endl; } int main() { Sample s1 = 10; SomeFunc(s1); s1.PrintVal(); }

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• How to set up a Bitmap with unmanaged data?

  - by Danvil

  I have int width, height; and IntPtr data; which comes from a unmanaged unsigned char* pointer and I would like to create a Bitmap to show the image data in a GUI. Please consider, that width must not be a multiple of 4, i do not have a "stride" and my image data is aligned as BGRA. The following code works: byte[] pixels = new byte[4*width*height]; System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(data, pixels, 0, pixels.Length); var bmp = new Bitmap(width, height, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); for(int i=0; i<height; i++) { for(int j=0; j<width; j++) { int p = 4*(width*i + j); bmp.SetPixel(j, i, Color.FromArgb(pixels[p+3], pixels[p+2], pixels[p+1], pixels[p+0])); } } Is there a more direct way to copy the data?

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• incorrect variable value outside main()

  - by cru3l

  i have this code #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> int testint; NSString *teststring; int Test() { NSLog(@"%d",testint); NSLog(@"%@",teststring); } int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; testint = 5; NSString *teststring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"test string"]; Test(); [pool drain]; return 0; } in output i have: 5 (null) why Test function doesn't see correct teststring value? What should I do, to have correct "test string" in output?

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• Best solution for an StringToInt function in C#

  - by StefanE

  Hi, I were asked to do an StringToInt / Int.parse function on the white board in an job interview last week and did not perform very good but I came up with some sort of solution. Later when back home I made one in Visual Studion and I wonder if there are any better solution than mine below. Have not bothred with any more error handling except checking that the string only contains digits. private int StrToInt(string tmpString) { int tmpResult = 0; System.Text.Encoding ascii = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII; byte[] tmpByte = ascii.GetBytes(tmpString); for (int i = 0; i <= tmpString.Length-1; i++) { // Check whatever the Character is an valid digit if (tmpByte[i] > 47 && tmpByte[i] <= 58) // Here I'm using the lenght-1 of the string to set the power and multiply this to the value tmpResult += (tmpByte[i] - 48) * ((int)Math.Pow(10, (tmpString.Length-i)-1)); else throw new Exception("Non valid character in string"); } return tmpResult; }

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• What is an overloaded operator in c++?

  - by Jeff

  I realize this is a basic question but I have searched online, been to cplusplus.com, read through my book, and I can't seem to grasp the concept of overloaded operators. A specific example from cplusplus.com is: // vectors: overloading operators example #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CVector { public: int x,y; CVector () {}; CVector (int,int); CVector operator + (CVector); }; CVector::CVector (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } CVector CVector::operator+ (CVector param) { CVector temp; temp.x = x + param.x; temp.y = y + param.y; return (temp); } int main () { CVector a (3,1); CVector b (1,2); CVector c; c = a + b; cout << c.x << "," << c.y; return 0; } from http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes2/ but reading through it I'm still not understanding them at all. I just need a basic example of the point of the overloaded operator (which I assume is the "CVector CVector::operator+ (CVector param)"). There's also this example from wikipedia: Time operator+(const Time& lhs, const Time& rhs) { Time temp = lhs; temp.seconds += rhs.seconds; if (temp.seconds >= 60) { temp.seconds -= 60; temp.minutes++; } temp.minutes += rhs.minutes; if (temp.minutes >= 60) { temp.minutes -= 60; temp.hours++; } temp.hours += rhs.hours; return temp; } from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_overloading" The current assignment I'm working on I need to overload a ++ and a -- operator. Thanks in advance for the information and sorry about the somewhat vague question, unfortunately I'm just not sure on it at all.

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• Help in building an 16 bit os

  - by Barshan Das

  I am trying to build an old 16 bit dos like os. My bootloader code: ; This is not my code. May be of Fritzos. I forgot the source. ORG 7c00h jmp Start drive db 0 msg db " Loader Initialization",0 msg2 db "ACos Loaded",0 print: lodsb cmp al, 0 je end mov ah, 0Eh int 10h jmp print end: ret Start: mov [ drive ], dl ; Get the floppy OS booted from ; Update the segment registers xor ax, ax ; XOR ax mov ds, ax ; Mov AX into DS mov si,msg call print ; Load Kernel. ResetFloppy: mov ax, 0x00 ; Select Floppy Reset BIOS Function mov dl, [ drive ] ; Select the floppy ADos booted from int 13h ; Reset the floppy drive jc ResetFloppy ; If there was a error, try again. ReadFloppy: mov bx, 0x9000 ; Load kernel at 9000h. mov ah, 0x02 ; Load disk data to ES:BX mov al, 17 ; Load two floppy head full's worth of data. mov ch, 0 ; First Cylinder mov cl, 2 ; Start at the 2nd Sector to load the Kernel mov dh, 0 ; Use first floppy head mov dl, [ drive ] ; Load from the drive kernel booted from. int 13h ; Read the floppy disk. jc ReadFloppy ; Error, try again. ; Clear text mode screen mov ax, 3 int 10h ;print starting message mov si,msg2 call print mov ax, 0x0 mov ss, ax mov sp, 0xFFFF jmp 9000h ; This part makes sure the bootsector is 512 bytes. times 510-($-$$) db 0 ;bootable sector signature dw 0xAA55 My example kernel code: asm(".code16\n"); void putchar(char); int main() { putchar('A'); return 0; } void putchar(char val) { asm("movb %0, %%al\n" "movb $0x0E, %%ah\n" "int $0x10\n" : :"r"(val) ) ; } This is how I compile it : nasm -f bin -o ./bin/boot.bin ./source/boot.asm gcc -nostdinc -fno-builtin -I./include -c -o ./bin/kernel.o ./source/kernel.c ld -Ttext=0x9000 -o ./bin/kernel.bin ./bin/kernel.o -e 0x0 dd if=/dev/zero of=./bin/empty.bin bs=1440K count=1 cat ./bin/boot.bin ./bin/kernel.bin ./bin/empty.bin|head -c 1440K > ./bin/os rm ./bin/empty.bin and I run it in virtual machine. When I make the putchar function ( in kernel code ) for constant value ....i.e like this: void putchar() { char val = 'A'; asm("movb %0, %%al\n" "movb $0x0E, %%ah\n" "int $0x10\n" : :"r"(val) ) ; } then it works fine. But when I pass argument to it ( That is in the previous code ) , then it prints a space for any character. What should I do?

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• Why is my implementation of strcmp not returning the proper value?

  - by Avanish Giri

  Why is this printing out 0 back in main but 6 when it is inside of the strcmp function? 7 int main() 8 { 9 char* str = "test string"; 10 char* str2 = "test strong"; 11 //printf("string length = %d\n",strlen(str)); 12 13 int num = strcmp(str,str2); 14 15 printf("num = %d\n",num); 16 } 29 int strcmp(char* str, char* str2) 30 { 31 if(*str == '\0' && *str2 == '\0') 32 return 0; 33 if(*str2 - *str == 0) 34 { 35 strcmp(str+1,str2+1); 36 } 37 else 38 { 39 int num = *str2 - *str; 40 cout << "num = " <<num<<endl; 41 return num; 42 } 43 } The output is: num = 6 num = 0 Why is it printing 0 when obviously the value that it should be returning is 6?

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• How to add condition on multiple-join table

  - by Jean-Philippe

  Hi, I have those two tables: client: id (int) #PK name (varchar) client_category: id (int) #PK client_id (int) category (int) Let's say I have those datas: client: {(1, "JP"), (2, "Simon")} client_category: {(1, 1, 1), (2, 1, 2), (3, 1, 3), (4,2,2)} tl;dr client #1 has category 1, 2, 3 and client #2 has only category 2 I am trying to build a query that would allow me to search multiple categories. For example, I would like to search every clients that has at least category 1 and 2 (would return client #1). How can I achieve that? Thanks!

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