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• Counting Sublist Elements in Prolog

  - by idea_

  How can I count nested list elements in prolog? I have the following predicates defined, which will count a nested list as one element: length([ ], 0). length([H|T],N) :- length(T,M), N is M+1. Usage: ?- length([a,b,c],Out). Out = 3 This works, but I would like to count nested elements as well i.e. length([a,b,[c,d,e],f],Output). ?- length([a,b,[c,d,e],f],Output). Output = 6

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• How are variables bound to the body of a define_method?

  - by Chris

  While trying to brush up my Ruby skills I keep running across this case which I can't figure out an explanation for by just reading the API docs. An explanation would be greatly appreciated. Here's the example code: for name in [ :new, :create, :destroy ] define_method("test_#{name}") do puts name end end What I want/expect to happen is that the name variable will be bound to the block given to define_method and that when #test_new is called it will output "new". Instead each defined method outputs "destroy" -- the last value assigned to the name variable. What am I misunderstanding about define_method and its blocks? Thanks!

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• Why do C++ streams use char instead of unsigned char?

  - by Johannes Schaub - litb

  I've always wondered why the C++ Standard library has instantiated basic_[io]stream and all its variants using the char type instead of the unsigned char type. char means (depending on whether it is signed or not) you can have overflow and underflow for operations like get(), which will lead to implementation-defined value of the variables involved. Another example is when you want to output a byte, unformatted, to an ostream using its put function. Any ideas? Note: I'm still not really convinced. So if you know the definitive answer, you can still post it indeed.

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• Please help clarify my regex pattern

  - by Dmitriy Sosunov

  I have the following string: <script>m('02:29:1467301/>Sender1*>some text message?<<02:29:13625N1/>Sender2*>Recipient2: another message??<>A<<02:29:1393100=>User1*|0User2*|%></B><<','');</script> N.B. messages are separated by << I need extract from message the following parts: 1. Time 2. Sender 3. Recipient 4. Text Recipient may being defined or not, this field is optional. I do this by the following pattern: (?<message>(?<time>\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:[0-9a-z]+)/>(?<messageData>(?<sender>.+?)\*>(.+?)))<< But, I cannot extract recipient separately from the message text. (?<message>(?<time>\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:[0-9a-z]+)/>(?<messageData>(?<sender>.+?)\*>(((?<recipient>.+?):){0,1}(?<messageText>.+?))))<< Please help correct my pattern.

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• Why can't I start XML entity names with 'xml''?

  - by flamey

  <XmlInfo /> I ran into problem using Perl's popular SOAP::Lite module, where it wouldn't accept XML entity names starting with "xml" (regardles letters' case). The author of the module replied to email saying that entity names starting with "xml" are not permitted in XML specification, but I couldn't find it in W3C's documents for 1.0 and 1.1 specs, I also couldn't find it in any of the articles or guidelines docs about XML entity naming. In fact some guideline documents used names starting with xml as an example, and lots of people are using it, as I see via Google Code Search. So are there any restrictions (besides which characters to use as defined in W3C's documents) in Entity naming in XML? Is there a restriction saying you can't name entities starting with "xml"?

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• Converting between unsigned and signed int safely

  - by polemic

  I have an interface between a client and a server where a client sends (1) an unsigned value, and (2) a flag which indicates if value is signed/unsigned. Server would then static cast unsigned value to appropriate type. I later found out that this is implementation defined behavior and I've been reading about it but I couldn't seem to find an appropriate solution that's completely safe? I've read about type punning, pointer conversions, and memcpy. Would simply using a union type work? A UnionType containing signed and unsigned int, along with the signed/unsigned flag. For signed values, client sets the signed part of the union, and server reads the signed part. Same for the unsigned part. Or am I completely misunderstanding something? Side question: how do I know the specific behavior in this case for a specific scenario, e.g. windriver diab on PPC? I'm a bit lost on how to find such documentation.

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• How to center drawableTop and text vertically on the Button in Android?

  - by Gaks

  I have the Button defined as follows: <Button android:drawableTop="@drawable/ico" android:gravity="center" android:id="@+id/StartButton2x2" android:text="@string/Widget2x2StartBtnLabel" android:layout_width="0dip" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="@drawable/widgetbtn_bg" /> The problem is that 'drawableTop' image is aligned to the top border of the Button view. I would like to center it (together with text label) vertically on the button. 'android:gravity' seems to work only on text label. It does not affect 'drawableTop' positioning. I was able to center it vertically using 'android:paddingTop' - but that does not seem to be a good idea. I guess it would not work properly on different screen resolution/size.

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• Javascript one-liners

  - by peoro

  Often I find some really cool javascript one liners that you can copy and paste into your browser address bar in order to get some fancy effects or even useful ones. This, for example, will let you edit anything on the page. javascript:document.body.contentEditable='true'; document.designMode='on'; void 0 What is your favorite? EDIT: I know that technically all these snippets are just javascript scripts that gets evaluated by the browser as if they were defined in the page. I also know that many browsers have got extensions to let you run javascript code (also letting you store scripts somewhere, providing a good editor etc etc). However that's not so practical; I'm not a javascript developer, haven't got firebug installed, and I can't install it anywhere I go. My idea idea is that of collecting the best "mini-scripts" that whoever can just copy and paste in his browser without the need of installing extensions and stuff.

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• Can not get json response using $.getJSON

  - by Mellon

  I am currently developing a Ruby on rails 3 application. My server controller function render a json object as response: class DaysController < BaseController ... def the_days ... render :json => days end end In my javascript,I use the following code to get json response from server( that's from the_day function in controller) $.getJSON( url, {emp_id: emp_id}, function(data) { var result = data.response; alert(result) alert(data) }, "json" ); I use firefox browswer and checked with Firebug, in Firebug Net-XHR, I see the Get request is successful, and the response "days" is there. That's both request and response are successful. But I did not see the two alert window defined in the above $.getJSON function, why? Why I can not get the response "days" in $.getJSON function??

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• Define keyref selector based on element type in XPath

  - by Robert Sirre

  Let's say I have an XML file that will look like this: <a> <b d="value1"/> <c d="value2"/> </a> In the XSD file that defines the structure of this XML file I defined the elements by name 'b' and 'c' to be of the same type (and the type requires attribute 'd'). Let's say that I want to make a keyReference of all elements of the type that both 'b' and 'c' are, is there any way in XPath to do this? At the definition of the type of 'a' I would expect something like this: <xs:keyref name="myReferenceName" refer="keyToReferTo"> <xs:selector xpath="[@type='typenameof elements b and c?']"/> <xs:field xpath="@d"/> </xs:keyref> Is something like this possible, or is XPath, even in the XSD, schema-unaware?

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• What is Ruby's double-colon (::) all about?

  - by Meltemi

  I'd probably be able to answer this for myself if "::" wasn't so hard to Google. Didn't see anything on SO so thought I'd try my luck. What is this double-colon :: all about? I see it everywhere in Rails: class User < ActiveRecord::Base or… ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map| I found a definition from this guy: The :: is a unary operator that allows: constants, instance methods and class methods defined within a class or module, to be accessed from anywhere outside the class or module. but that just leads to more questions. What good is scope (private, protected) if you can just use :: to expose anything?

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• .Net Designer assemblies, C++\C# error

  - by greggorob64

  I'm working on an designer-heavy application (using Visual C++ 2.0, but a C# solution should still be relevant). My setup is this: I have a UserControl named "Host" I'm attempting a UserControl named "Child" Child contains a property to a class whose type is defined in a different dll entirely, named "mytools.dll" Child works just fine in the designer. However, when I go to drag "child" onto "host" from the designer, I get the following error: Failed to create component 'Child'. The error message follows: 'System.io.filenotfoundexception: could not load file or assembly MyTools, Version XXXXXX, Culture=neutral ..... {unhelpful callstack} If I comment out the property in "child" that points to the class in mytools.dll, everything designs just peachy. I have the property marked with "Browsable(false), and DesignerSerializable(hidden), and it does not help. Is there a way for me to explicitly say "Don't load this dll, you won't need it in design time", or some way for me to force a dll to load from the designer programmatically? Thanks!

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• bind a two-dimensional array to a repeater - error

  - by Cristian Boariu

  Hi, I have this array: string[,] productData = new string[5,7]; I bind it to a repeater and a call a method like: <img src="<%# getPhoto1WithReplace(Container.ItemIndex) %>" which is defined like: public String getPhoto1WithReplace(Object itemIndex) { int intItemIndex = Int32.Parse(itemIndex.ToString()); if (productData[intItemIndex, 3] != null) return this.ResolveUrl(productData[intItemIndex, 3].ToString()); else return String.Empty; } I do not understand why it calls getPhoto1WithReplace with itemIndex as 5. My array has 5 indexes: 0,1,2,3,4, so HOW Container.ItemIndex can be 5...?

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• Cycling tabs graphically

  - by abernier

  Mac OS X's window manager is composed of: Applications Windows Tabs By default on OS X, you can cycle over applications with the famous ?? shortcut. In addition to this, I use a little utility called Witch which enables cycling (graphically) over windows too(I've defined it on ??). Unfortunately, it does not currently support tabs cycling... Would you have any suggestion for this? I know I already can ^? for this, but I'm looking for a graphical utility where you are not blind during cycling. Thank you.

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• What comes first in Ruby's object model?

  - by Timothy

  I've been reading Metaprogramming Ruby and the object model like the chicken or egg dilemma. In Ruby 1.8, the Object class is an instance of Class. Module's superclass is Object and is an instance of Class. Class' superclass is Module, and it is an instance of Class (self-referential). Say class SomeClass; end is defined somewhere; SomeClass is an instance of Class, however its superclass is Object. Why does an instance of Class have Object as the superclass instead of nil? Also, if Object is to exist, then Class has to exist, but then Module has to exist, but for Module to exist Object has to exist. How are these classes created?

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• How to redirect user to another page from view after it was loaded is ASP .NET MVC?

  - by Dmytro Tsiniavsky

  For example I have some view with action link: @Html.ActionLink("Action", "Controller") Action action returns some view: public ActionResult Action() { string someModelForView = "some url i need to redirect after view was fully loaded"; return View("SomeView", someModelForView); } What I need is to redirect user to url, defined in someModelForView model after view was fully loaded, and all javascripts on this page were executed. This view might be empty, without any content, I just need to execute some javascript, and after that redirect user to external page. How can accomplish that?

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• Markdown to text/plain and text/html for multipart email

  - by fphilipe

  I’m looking for a solution to send DRY multipart emails in Rails. With DRY I mean that the content for the mail is only defined once. I’ve thought about some possible solutions but haven’t found any existing implementations. The solutions I’ve thought about are: load the text from I18n and apply Markdown for the html mail and apply Markdown with a special output type for the text mail where links are put in parenthesis after the link text bold, italic and other formatting that doesn't make sense are removed ordered and unordered lists are maintained generate only the html mail and convert that to text according to the above conditions Is there any available solution out there? Which one is probably the better way to do it?

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• Why are difference lists more efficient than regular concatenation?

  - by Craig Innes

  I am currently working my way through the Learn you a haskell book online, and have come to a chapter where the author is explaining that some list concatenations can be ineffiecient: For example ((((a ++ b) ++ c) ++ d) ++ e) ++ f Is supposedly inefficient. The solution the author comes up with is to use 'difference lists' defined as newtype DiffList a = DiffList {getDiffList :: [a] -> [a] } instance Monoid (DiffList a) where mempty = DiffList (\xs -> [] ++ xs) (DiffList f) `mappend` (DiffList g) = DiffList (\xs -> f (g xs)) I am struggling to understand why DiffList is more computationally efficient than a simple concatenation in some cases. Could someone explain to me in simple terms why the above example is so inefficient, and in what way the DiffList solves this problem?

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• Kohana v2 - problem with routes

  - by yoda

  Hi, I'm attempting to set some custom routes in Kohana v2. What I'm looking for is some method that allow the system to : follow a pre-defined name to it's related root; redirect the non-matched url's into another controller; To give you a more clear view over the problem, I want the first url parameter to be associated to certain pages (contacts, home, services, about us, etc), and those urls who doesn't match the previous pages would be routed into a controller called products, in order to determine if the first url parameter regards a product name. Here's a sample of what I have : $config['_default'] = 'home'; $config['([a-zA-Z]+)'] = 'products/showcat/$1'; What am I missing here? Thanks in advance!

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• Using a proxy for NSURLConnection

  - by SideSwipe

  Is there any way to get the content of a webfile (namely a .html Document) using a proxy, which is not defined in the system settings? I know that NSURLConnection is the right way to download a web file into a variable and not into a file (for which we should use NSURLDownload), but I don't find a way to use a proxy for it. Are there some unofficial APIs, Libraries or Classes or such I could use for what I want to do? I'm not that pro in Mac Programming, so I'm searching for something more or less simple. SideSwipe

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• Constructor Type Coercion in C++

  - by Robert Mason

  Take the following class: class mytype { double num; public: mytype(int a) { num = sqrt(a); } void print() { cout << num; } } Say there is a method which takes a mytype: void foo(mytype a) { a.print(); } Is it legal c++ (or is there a way to implement this) to call foo(4), which would (in theory) output 2? From what I can glean you can overload type casts from a user defined class, but not to. Can constructor do this in a standards-compliant manner (assuming, of course, the constructor is not explicit). Hopefully there is a way to in the end have this legal: int a; cin >> a; foo(a); Note: this is quite obviously not the actual issue, but just an example for posting purposes. I can't just overload the function because of inheritance and other program-specific issues.

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• Tableview with sections managed by fetched results controller

  - by Matthes

  Hi, I'm quite new to CoreData and need help with one issue. I have tableview which simply lists cities stored in SQLite db. City is defined by "cityId" and "name" attributes. Data are fetched using NSFetchedResultsController and everything works fine except that I can't figure out how to make FetchedResultsController to group cities by first letter of city names. When I supply "name" for sectionNameKeyPath argument of initWithFetchRequest:managedObjectContext:sectionNameKeyPath:cacheName: method, it creates section for each city, which is obviously something I don't want. I can't figure out how to create an expression which would make it work in way I need. thanks for any tips and/or advices on this Matthes

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• Error occure while validating form input using JQUERY in Firebug

  - by Param-Ganak

  Hello Friends, I have written a custom validation code in JQUERY. which is working fine. I have a login form which have two fields i.e. userid and password. I have written a custom JQUERY code for client side validation for these fields. This custom JQUERY code is working fine and gives me proper error messages as per the situation. But the problem with this code is that when I enter the invalid data in any or both field and press submit button of form then it displays the proper error message but at the same time when I checked it in Firebug it displays following error message when submit button of the form is clicked validate is not defined function onclick(event) { javascript: return validate(); }(click clientX=473, clientY=273) So please tell me where is I am wrong in my Jquery code. Thank You!

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• ICOmmand - canexecute can not disable Button with image content.

  - by Anish

  Hi , I have a button control in my wpf-mvvm application. I use an ICommand property (defined in viewmodel) to bind the button click event to viewmodel. I have - execute and canexecute parameters for my ICommand implementation (RelayCommand). Even if CanExecute is false...button is not disabled...WHEN button CONTENT is IMAGE But, when button content is text..enable/disable works fine. <Button DockPanel.Dock="Top" Command="{Binding Path=MoveUpCommand}"> <Button.Content> <Image Source="/Resources/MoveUpArrow.png"></Image> </Button.Content> <Style> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"> <Setter Property="Opacity" Value=".5" /> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </Button>

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• Import module stored in a cStringIO data structure vs. physical disk file

  - by Malcolm

  Is there a way to import a Python module stored in a cStringIO data structure vs. physical disk file? It looks like "imp.load_compiled(name, pathname[, file])" is what I need, but the description of this method (and similar methods) has the following disclaimer: Quote: "The file argument is the byte-compiled code file, open for reading in binary mode, from the beginning. It must currently be a real file object, not a user-defined class emulating a file." [1] I tried using a cStringIO object vs. a real file object, but the help documentation is correct - only a real file object can be used. Any ideas on why these modules would impose such a restriction or is this just an historical artifact? Are there any techniques I can use to avoid this physical file requirement? Thanks, Malcolm [1] http://docs.python.org/library/imp.html#imp.load_module

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