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• How to automatically run a script when the contents of a directory changes in Linux?

  - by GeneQ

  I want to automatically run a script whenever new files are copied into a particular directory. In other words, is there a way in Linux to "watch" a directory for changes and then run something in response to the change?

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• How do I get an entire directory in sftp?

  - by Matthew

  I'm just learning to use sftp, and I want to copy a directory from the remote computer to my local computer. If I try get [directory] it gives me this error: Cannot download non-regular file: /home/mpirocch/Documents get -R doesn't work, either.

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• CMD: How do I delete all the contents of all directories (in the current directory) without deleting the directories themselves?

  - by merlin2011

  For example: I'm in the directory: F:\Data Inside this directory, I have four directories: F:\Datadir 22179 22915 23459 23460 These directories have various content, including directories and files. I'm trying to run something like: rmdir /s *\* where I delete all the contents of these numbered directories, while leaving the empty directories. Is there a one-liner that can do this, or do I have to loop through the sub-directories?

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• How to copy directory from one Linux server to another with a minimum in-between period?

  - by yegor256

  I have a rather big directory on one server (over 4000 files), which I'd like to copy to another server (which contains a previous version of this directory). rsync is the first option, but it will put the destination folder into waiting status for a rather long period of time (more than a minute). I'd like to do it a bit differently: gzip the source folder scp the archive to the destination server gunzip the file there delete the archive at the source and the destination What is the best way to accomplish all this?

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• Spamassassin one-liner to tag & move mail with an X-Spam-Flag: YES to a new directory?

  - by ane

  Say you have a directory with tens of thousands of messages in it. And you want to separate the spam from the non-spam. Specifically, you would like to: Run spamassassin against the directory, tagging each message with an X-Spam-Flag: YES if it thinks it's spam Have a tcsh shell or perl one-liner grep all mail with the flag and move those mails to /tmp/spam What command can you run to accomplish this? For example, some pseudocode: /usr/local/bin/spamassassin -eL ./Maildir/cur/* | grep "X-Spam-Flag: YES" | mv %1 /tmp/spam

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• What is the quickest way to create a file in an often used directory in Emacs?

  - by user33816

  I access a lot of files from a certain directory which is not ~ but say: D:\Mijn documenten\My Dropbox. What is the quickest way to 'find' a file in that directory within a new Emacs session? Using bookmarks?

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• Windows 7 / Symlinks - How do I copy a Symlink to a directory?

  - by John2496

  Is it possible to copy a Symlink to a directory in Windows 7. When I try to copy a symlink'd directory, it tries to deep copy the contents to the location.

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• Free web gallery installation that can use existing directory hierarchy in filesystem?

  - by user1338062

  There are several different free software gallery projects (Gallery, Coppermine, etc), but as far as I know each of those creates a copy of imported images in their internal storage, be it directory structure or database). Is there any gallery software that would allow keeping existing directory hierarchy of media files (images, videos), as-is, and just store the meta-data of them in a database? I guess at least various NAS solutions ship with software like this.

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• Installing MySQL without root access

  - by vinay

  I am trying to install MySQL without root permissions. I ran through the following steps: Download MySQL Community Server 5.5.8 Linux - Generic Compressed TAR Archive Unpack it, for example to: /home/martin/mysql Create a my.cnf file in your home directory. The file contents should be: [server] user=martin basedir=/home/martin/mysql datadir=/home/martin/sql_data socket=/home/martin/socket port=3666 Go to the /home/martin/mysql directory and execute: ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=~/my.cnf --user=martin --basedir=/home/martin/mysql --datadir=/home/martin/sql_data --socket=/home/martin/socket Your MySQL server is ready. Start it with this command: ./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=~/my.cnf & When I try to change the password of MySQL it gives the error: Cannot connect to mysql server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' How can I change this path and see whether the mysql.sock is created or not?

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• guvcview recording video and audio out of synchronisation in Ubuntu 10.10

  - by SIJAR

  I finally got Guvcview, a great software for Logitech webcam and it does all the stuff that one wants out of it. But I'm not satisfy with the video recording, video and audio out of synchronisation also video seems to be in slow motion. Please help so that I can tweak in and get a good video recording with the webcam. Below is the log of Guvcview ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- guvcview 1.4.1 video_device: /dev/video0 vid_sleep: 0 cap_meth: 1 resolution: 640 x 480 windowsize: 1024 x 715 vert pane: 578 spin behavior: 0 mode: mjpg fps: 1/25 Display Fps: 0 bpp: 0 hwaccel: 1 avi_format: 4 sound: 1 sound Device: 4 sound samp rate: 0 sound Channels: 0 Sound delay: 0 nanosec Sound Format: 85 Pan Step: 2 degrees Tilt Step: 2 degrees Video Filter Flags: 0 image inc: 0 profile(default):/home/sijar/default.gpfl starting portaudio... bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111) bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111) bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111) bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111) Cannot connect to server socket err = No such file or directory Cannot connect to server socket jack server is not running or cannot be started language catalog= dir:/usr/share/locale type:UTF-8 lang:en_US.utf8 cat:guvcview.mo mjpg: setting format to 1196444237 capture method = 1 video device: /dev/video0 libv4lconvert: warning more framesizes then I can handle! libv4lconvert: warning more framesizes then I can handle! /dev/video0 - device 1 libv4lconvert: warning more framesizes then I can handle! libv4lconvert: warning more framesizes then I can handle! Init. UVC Camera (046d:0825) (location: usb-0000:00:1d.7-5) { pixelformat = 'YUYV', description = 'YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV)' } { discrete: width = 640, height = 480 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 160, height = 120 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 176, height = 144 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 320, height = 176 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 320, height = 240 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 352, height = 288 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 432, height = 240 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 544, height = 288 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, { discrete: width = 640, height = 360 } Time interval between frame: 1/30, 1/25, 1/20, 1/15, 1/10, 1/5, ... repeats a couple of times ... vid:046d pid:0825 driver:uvcvideo Adding control for Pan (relative) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error: Operation not permitted checking format: 1196444237 VIDIOC_G_COMP:: Invalid argument compression control not supported fps is set to 1/25 drawing controls control[0]: 0x980900 Brightness, 0:255:1, default 128 control[0]: 0x980901 Contrast, 0:255:1, default 32 control[0]: 0x980902 Saturation, 0:255:1, default 32 control[0]: 0x98090c White Balance Temperature, Auto, 0:1:1, default 1 control[0]: 0x980913 Gain, 0:255:1, default 0 control[0]: 0x980918 Power Line Frequency, 0:2:1, default 2 control[0]: 0x98091a White Balance Temperature, 0:10000:10, default 4000 control[0]: 0x98091b Sharpness, 0:255:1, default 24 control[0]: 0x98091c Backlight Compensation, 0:1:1, default 1 control[0]: 0x9a0901 Exposure, Auto, 0:3:1, default 3 control[0]: 0x9a0902 Exposure (Absolute), 1:10000:1, default 166 control[0]: 0x9a0903 Exposure, Auto Priority, 0:1:1, default 0 resolutions of format(2) = 19 frame rates of 1º resolution=6 Def. Res: 0 numb. fps:6 --------------------------------------- device #0 Name = Intel 82801DB-ICH4: Intel 82801DB-ICH4 (hw:0,0) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 2, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = 0.012 Def. low output latency = 0.012 Def. high input latency = 0.046 Def. high output latency = 0.046 Def. sample rate = 44100.00 --------------------------------------- device #1 Name = Intel 82801DB-ICH4: Intel 82801DB-ICH4 - MIC ADC (hw:0,1) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 2, Max outputs = 0 Def. low input latency = 0.011 Def. low output latency = -1.000 Def. high input latency = 0.043 Def. high output latency = -1.000 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #2 Name = Intel 82801DB-ICH4: Intel 82801DB-ICH4 - MIC2 ADC (hw:0,2) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 2, Max outputs = 0 Def. low input latency = 0.011 Def. low output latency = -1.000 Def. high input latency = 0.043 Def. high output latency = -1.000 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #3 Name = Intel 82801DB-ICH4: Intel 82801DB-ICH4 - ADC2 (hw:0,3) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 2, Max outputs = 0 Def. low input latency = 0.011 Def. low output latency = -1.000 Def. high input latency = 0.043 Def. high output latency = -1.000 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #4 Name = Intel 82801DB-ICH4: Intel 82801DB-ICH4 - IEC958 (hw:0,4) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = -1.000 Def. low output latency = 0.011 Def. high input latency = -1.000 Def. high output latency = 0.043 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #5 Name = USB Device 0x46d:0x825: USB Audio (hw:1,0) Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 1, Max outputs = 0 Def. low input latency = 0.011 Def. low output latency = -1.000 Def. high input latency = 0.043 Def. high output latency = -1.000 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #6 Name = front Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = -1.000 Def. low output latency = 0.012 Def. high input latency = -1.000 Def. high output latency = 0.046 Def. sample rate = 44100.00 --------------------------------------- device #7 Name = iec958 Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = -1.000 Def. low output latency = 0.011 Def. high input latency = -1.000 Def. high output latency = 0.043 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #8 Name = spdif Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = -1.000 Def. low output latency = 0.011 Def. high input latency = -1.000 Def. high output latency = 0.043 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #9 Name = pulse Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 32, Max outputs = 32 Def. low input latency = 0.012 Def. low output latency = 0.012 Def. high input latency = 0.046 Def. high output latency = 0.046 Def. sample rate = 44100.00 --------------------------------------- device #10 Name = dmix Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 0, Max outputs = 2 Def. low input latency = -1.000 Def. low output latency = 0.043 Def. high input latency = -1.000 Def. high output latency = 0.043 Def. sample rate = 48000.00 --------------------------------------- device #11 [ Default Input, Default Output ] Name = default Host API = ALSA Max inputs = 32, Max outputs = 32 Def. low input latency = 0.012 Def. low output latency = 0.012 Def. high input latency = 0.046 Def. high output latency = 0.046 Def. sample rate = 44100.00 ---------------------------------------------- SampleRate:0 Channels:0 Video driver: x11 A window manager is available VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS for multiple controls failed (error -1) using VIDIOC_S_CTRL for user class controls control(0x0098091a) "White Balance Temperature" failed to set (error -1) VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS for multiple controls failed (error -1) using VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS on single controls for class: 0x009a0000 control(0x009a0902) "Exposure (Absolute)" failed to set (error -1) VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS for multiple controls failed (error -1) using VIDIOC_S_CTRL for user class controls control(0x0098091a) "White Balance Temperature" failed to set (error -1) VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS for multiple controls failed (error -1) using VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS on single controls for class: 0x009a0000 control(0x009a0902) "Exposure (Absolute)" failed to set (error -1) Cap Video toggled: 1 (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25371756K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K using audio codec: 0x0055 Audio frame size is 1152 samples for selected codec IO thread started...OK [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64 [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]profile Baseline, level 3.0 [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]non-strictly-monotonic PTS shift sound by -9 ms shift sound by -9 ms shift sound by -9 ms AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data ... repeats a couple of times ... AUDIO: droping audio data (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25371748K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data ... repeats a couple of times ... Cap Video toggled: 0 Shuting Down IO Thread AUDIO: droping audio data stop= 4426644744000 start=4416533023000 VIDEO: 146 frames in 10111.000000 ms = 14.439719 fps Stoping audio stream Closing audio stream... close avi Last message repeated 145 times [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]frame I:2 Avg QP:14.10 size: 24492 [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]frame P:103 Avg QP:16.06 size: 20715 [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]mb I I16..4: 48.4% 0.0% 51.6% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]mb P I16..4: 57.5% 0.0% 0.0% P16..4: 40.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% skip: 2.3% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]final ratefactor: 62.05 [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 79.7% 92.2% 68.4% inter: 62.4% 87.5% 48.0% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]i16 v,h,dc,p: 23% 17% 41% 19% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 30% 24% 26% 2% 5% 3% 3% 3% 4% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]i8c dc,h,v,p: 53% 20% 23% 4% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]ref P L0: 63.0% 37.0% [libx264 @ 0x8cbd8b0]kb/s:-0.00 total frames encoded: 0 total audio frames encoded: 0 IO thread finished...OK IO Thread finished enabling controls Cap Video toggled: 1 (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25379744K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K using audio codec: 0x0055 Audio frame size is 1152 samples for selected codec IO thread started...OK [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64 [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]profile Baseline, level 3.0 [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]non-strictly-monotonic PTS shift sound by -236 ms shift sound by -236 ms shift sound by -236 ms (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25377044K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25373408K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data ... repeats a couple of times ... (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25370696K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data AUDIO: droping audio data ... repeats a couple of times ... (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25367680K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25364052K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25360312K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25356628K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25352908K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25349316K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25345552K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25341828K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25338092K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K (/home/sijar/Videos/Webcam) 25334412K bytes free on a total of 39908968K (used: 36 %) treshold=51200K Cap Video toggled: 0 Shuting Down IO Thread stop= 4708817235000 start=4578624714000 VIDEO: 1604 frames in 130192.000000 ms = 12.320265 fps Stoping audio stream Closing audio stream... close avi Last message repeated 1603 times [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]frame I:16 Avg QP:14.78 size: 42627 [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]frame P:1547 Avg QP:16.44 size: 28599 [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]mb I I16..4: 21.6% 0.0% 78.4% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]mb P I16..4: 28.1% 0.0% 0.0% P16..4: 70.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% skip: 1.4% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]final ratefactor: 88.17 [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 74.4% 95.8% 83.2% inter: 75.2% 94.6% 69.2% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]i16 v,h,dc,p: 27% 17% 40% 16% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 25% 25% 21% 3% 6% 4% 5% 4% 7% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]i8c dc,h,v,p: 61% 18% 18% 4% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]ref P L0: 64.0% 36.0% [libx264 @ 0x8cfba20]kb/s:-0.00 total frames encoded: 0 total audio frames encoded: 0 IO thread finished...OK IO Thread finished enabling controls Shuting Down Thread Thread terminated... cleaning Thread allocations: 100% SDL Quit Video Thread finished write /home/sijar/.guvcviewrc OK free audio mutex closed v4l2 strutures free controls free controls - vidState cleaned allocations - 100% Closing portaudio ...OK Closing GTK... OK

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• error while loading shared libraries; cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

  - by glitchyme

  The program evince complains that it can't find libfreetype.so.6; however I clearly have the file and its included in my LD_LIBRARY_PATH; furthermore I have another program which uses libfreetype6 and is able to run just fine. What's going on here? jbud@jb-pc ~> evince evince: error while loading shared libraries: libfreetype.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory jbud@jb-pc ~> ldd /usr/bin/evince | grep freetype libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007f912179d000) jbud@jb-pc ~> file /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6 /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6: symbolic link to `libfreetype.so.6.11.1' jbud@jb-pc ~> file /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6.11.1 /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6.11.1: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=0x21a4b8005e0c9a42af001b35fb984f4e25efc71c, not stripped jbud@jb-pc ~> echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/lib/:/usr/lib64/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/local/lib/ jbud@jb-pc ~> ldd jdrive/jstuff/work/personal/noengine/client | grep freetype libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007feb5ac89000)

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• Apache config file. Redirect permanent gives 403 error

  - by Homunculus Reticulli

  I am changing my domain from foo.com to foobar.org. I used a Redirect permanent in my apache config file, and then restarted apache. When I try to access the old domain foo.com, I get a 403 error. This is what my apache config file looks like: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName foo.com #ServerAlias www.foo.com #ServerAdmin [email protected] Redirect permanent / http://www.foobar.org/ DocumentRoot /path/to/project/foo/web DirectoryIndex index.php # CustomLog with format nickname LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common CustomLog "|/usr/bin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/%Y%m.foo.access.log" common LogLevel notice ErrorLog "|/usr/bin/cronolog /var/log/apache2/%Y%m.foo.errors.log" <Directory /> Order Deny,Allow Deny from all </Directory> <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all </Files> <Directory /path/to/project/foo/web> Options -Indexes -Includes AllowOverride All Allow from All RewriteEngine On # We check if the .html version is here (cacheing) RewriteRule ^$ index.html [QSA] RewriteRule ^([^.])$ $1.html [QSA] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f # No, so we redirect to our front end controller RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [QSA,L] </Directory> <Directory /path/to/project/foo/web/uploads> Options -ExecCGI -FollowSymLinks -Indexes -Includes AllowOverride None php_flag engine off </Directory> Alias /sf /lib/vendor/symfony/symfony-1.3.8/data/web/sf <Directory /lib/vendor/symfony/symfony-1.3.8/data/web/sf> # Alias /sf /lib/vendor/symfony/symfony-1.4.19/data/web/sf # <Directory /lib/vendor/symfony/symfony-1.4.19/data/web/sf> Options -Indexes -Includes AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> </VirtualHost> Can anyone spot what I may be doing wrong?. The site foobar.org does exist so I don't know why this error occurs - help?

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• Bash Script to Back Up Backs Up Itself

  - by Jay LaCroix

  I have the following bash script that creates a tar.gz of my filesystem on a Kubuntu PC. The problem is, that it also tries to backup the tar.gz backup file, even though I am storing the backup in /tmp and omitting /tmp from the backup. I am wondering why it's backing up the file in /tmp even though I told it not to. #!/bin/bash # init DATE=$(date +20%y%m%d) sudo tar -cvpzf /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz \ --exclude=/proc \ --exclude=/lost+found \ --exclude=/sys \ --exclude=/mnt \ --exclude=/media \ --exclude=/dev \ --exclude=/tmp \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Desktop \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Documents \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Music \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Pictures \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Projects \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Roms \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Videos \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.VirtualBox\ VMs \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.SpiderOak \ / scp /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz jlacroix@Pluto:/share/Recovery/Snapshots sudo rm /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz

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• Robots.txt practices with .htaccess redirections (inherits)

  - by Jayhal

  I have a question regarding how to write robots.txt files for many domains and subdomains with redirects in place. We have a hosting account that enacts primary and add-on domains. All of our domains and subdomains, including the primary domain, is redirected via htaccess 301s to their own subdirectories in the primary domain's root directory. I'm confused about how I would write the robots.txt for certain directories. First, I wanted to confirm I am right in understanding that for domains and subdomains, crawlers will look to the directory that acts as that urls root directory for the crawling rules(robots.txt). Also, that a directory will not be affected by a robots.txt present in their parent directory if the directory has its own domain/subdomain, and that url is the one being accessed by crawlers. (Am pretty sure, but I wanted to confirm I didnt have a fundamentally flawed understanding of robots.txt) In the original root directory on the account(where the primary domain was directed before htaccess was put in place) what should the robots.txt contain? When crawlers look to crawl our primary domain, will they look to the original root directory for the robots.txt or will they reference the file contained in the new subdirectory where all the primary domain's site files are located? If so, what should the root's robot.txt include if anything at all. Would I be right to include a simple 'disallow: /' for all agents, and then include more specific robots.txt files in each subdirectory with more specific instructions. Would that affect the crawling of the directory where the primary domain is now redirected? Any help is greatly appreciated, Thanks!

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• How to modify Perl script to move packets in diffrent directory based on version? [migrated]

  - by Peter Penzov

  I have this Perl script which is used to soft packages based on packet version: #!/usr/bin/perl -w # # Compare versions of all *.rpm files against the # latest packages installed (if installed) # # Usage: # rpmver.pl # This script looks for all *.rpm files. # use strict; use RPM2; my $rpm_db = RPM2->open_rpm_db(); for my $filename (<*.rpm>) { my $h = RPM2->open_package( $filename ); # Ensure we compare against the newest # package of the given name. my ($installed) = sort { $b <=> $a } $rpm_db->find_by_name($h->name); if (not $installed) { printf "Package %s not installed.\n", $h->as_nvre; } else { my ($result) = ($h <=> $installed); if ($result < 0) { printf "Installed package %s newer than file %s\n", $installed->as_nvre, $h->as_nvre; } else { printf "File %s newer than installed package %s\n", $h->as_nvre, $installed->as_nvre; } } } I have a Linux repository with SRPMs. I want to move the packages with the latest into different directory for example latest_lackages. How the script must be modified?

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• How to restrict user to a particular folder in CentOS 6?

  - by Chris Demetriad

  I will need to create users so developers can log in and clone/pull/push changes/repositories from a github like platform. I've managed to add a user (using the root) to this CentOS machine; I now have this line in /etc/passwd: chris:x:32008:32010::/home/chris/public_html:/bin/bash ..and this in /etc/shadow: chris:$1$ruUeLtTu$onAY2hdu1J.UmHajEIlmR.:15385:0:99999:7::: I am able to SSH the server, I have permission to create a folder and I guess that should be enough. But I am able to see other files and folders outside public_html. How can I actually restrict the user to a particular directory so he can't "cd out" of his folder? Update: root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove drwx--x--x 21 moove moove 4096 Mar 22 16:16 /home/moove/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html drwxr-x--- 11 moove nobody 4096 Mar 27 11:29 /home/moove/public_html/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html/dev drwxr-x--- 12 moove nobody 4096 Mar 27 14:47 /home/moove/public_html/dev/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html/dev/arsenal drwxr-xr-x 3 arsenal moove 4096 Mar 27 14:53 /home/moove/public_html/dev/arsenal/

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• Can I optimize this mod_wsgi / apache file better?

  - by tomwolber

  Hi! I am new to Django/Python/ mod_wsgi, and I was wondering if I could optimize this file to reduce memory usage: ServerRoot "/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/apache2" LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined CustomLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/access_django_wsgi.log combined ErrorLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/error_django_wsgi.log KeepAlive Off Listen 12345 MaxSpareThreads 3 MinSpareThreads 1 MaxClients 5 MaxRequestsPerChild 300 ServerLimit 4 HostnameLookups Off SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-SSL on HTTPS=1 ThreadsPerChild 5 WSGIDaemonProcess django_wsgi processes=5 python-path=/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 threads=1 WSGIPythonPath /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 WSGIScriptAlias /auctions /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/auctions.wsgi WSGIScriptAlias /achievers /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/achievers.wsgi

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• Ask HTG: Disabling Windows Startup Programs, Using DNS Names on Your Home Network, and Restoring a Vintage Keyboard

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Once  a week we round up some of the answers we’ve sent out to readers and share them with everyone. This week we’re looking at removing programs from the Windows startup routine, using DNS names on the local network, and restoring a vintage keyboard. HTG Explains: Do You Really Need to Defrag Your PC? Use Amazon’s Barcode Scanner to Easily Buy Anything from Your Phone How To Migrate Windows 7 to a Solid State Drive

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• OpenSSH SFTP: chrooted user with access to other chrooted users' files

  - by HannesFostie

  Decided to re-phrase the question entirely in order to not have to make a new one. I currently have an SFTP server set up using OpenSSH's SFTP functionality. All my users are chrooted, and everything works. What I need most right now is for one user, which is not root (because this user can't have any real SSH powers!), to have access to all other users' chrooted dirs. This user's job is to fetch all uploaded documents every once in a while. Directory structure as of now is: /home |_ /home/user1 |_ /home/user2 |_ /home/user3 With ChrootDirectory set as /home/%u User "adminuser" should have access to user1, user2 and user3's directories without having access to /home or at the very least not to anything but /home. Bonus points for the one who can tell me how to let users write inside /home/%u without having to make a new directory inside that dir which they own themselves, and not root as is the case with /home/%u (openssh chroot prerequisite).

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• How to move from home page screen to the next menu screen on clicking a particular image in XNA4.0?

  - by Raj

  I m new 2 XNA game pgming(also C#)....I want 2 create a main page with some buttons and on clicking a particular button, it should goto another screen whr there r some buttons to select which should inturn goto the game screen on clicking....Whether I can put all the codes in the "game1.cs" or create new class for every page....Pls help... I've jus went through some pages in "Learning xna4.0" by o'reilly...If there s any other gud tutorials, pls suggest me...

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• How to configure Logitech Marble trackball

  - by user27189

  You can configure it using xinput. I tested this in 11.10 and it works very nicely. This selection is from "Ubuntuwiki" Avoid using Hal for this release because it has known issues. Put the following into terminal, using gedit: Edit $HOME/bin/trackball.sh using this command: gedit $HOME/bin/trackball.sh Then paste this into the file: #!/bin/bash dev="Logitech USB Trackball" we="Evdev Wheel Emulation" xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Button" 8 8 xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we" 8 1 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we" 8 1 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Button" 8 9 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we X Axis" 8 6 7 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Y Axis" 8 4 5 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "Drag Lock Buttons" 8 8 Make sure trackball.sh begins with #!/bin/bash. Make the script executable by running this: chmod +x $HOME/bin/trackball.sh` Add the following lines to $HOME/.bashrc, using gedit $HOME/.bashrc and put this in the file even if it is empty: xmodmap $HOME/.Xmodmap > /dev/null 2>&1 $HOME/bin/trackball.sh Edit $HOME/.Xmodmap using: gedit $HOME/.Xmodmap pointer = 1 8 3 4 5 6 7 9 Log out and back in and viola!

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• How to create shared home directories across multiple computers?

  - by Joe D

  I know there are ways to share a folder across computers making it easy to move files. But I was wondering how one would setup a single login which lets you access the same files regardless of which machine you login on? What I would like is something similar to something you would see in a college campus where students login on machines in the lab and see their files regardless of which machine they use. I know there are server involved here. I have a need to create this on a smaller scale where we have a few computers available (and one of these could act as the server if needed and host the files) that every one shares. Note, the specific install of software might be different on each computer but the login and OS are the same. Since some computers have additional capability that our group members will need to use at rotating schedules (software licenses or hardware components, etc.). I have not done this before, so I would appreciate detailed instructions if possible or a reference to a guide that describes this. Thanks in advance.

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• Can I place the Ubuntu One for Windows home sync folder anywhere on C:\ during installation?

  - by vonshavingcream

  My company does not allow us to keep personal files inside our personal folder. Something about the roaming profiles getting to large. With Dropbox I am able to set the destination of the folder during the install. Is there anyway to tell Ubuntu One where to put the Ubuntu One folder? I don't want to add external folders to the sync list, I just want to control where the installer creates the Ubuntu One folder. Otherwise I can't use the service :(

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• How to access shared folders in Ubuntu VM(Oracle Virtualbox) and link them to the home folder(Answered)

  - by Njihia

  I have configured a shared folder between the Windows host and Ubuntu guest. The folder mounts at start up but its empty(It also has a padlock sign.). I have to run the command below to access its content(the padlock sign disappears). sudo mount.vboxsf media ~/media How can i configure it to be run automatically at start up. I've tried adding to the start up programs but nothing happens. Am new to Linux so try to put your answer in a layman's language. Thanks.

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• Can I optimize this mod_wsgi / apache file better?

  - by tomwolber

  I am new to Django/Python/ mod_wsgi, and I was wondering if I could optimize this file to reduce memory usage: ServerRoot "/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/apache2" LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined CustomLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/access_django_wsgi.log combined ErrorLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/error_django_wsgi.log KeepAlive Off Listen 12345 MaxSpareThreads 3 MinSpareThreads 1 MaxClients 5 MaxRequestsPerChild 300 ServerLimit 4 HostnameLookups Off SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-SSL on HTTPS=1 ThreadsPerChild 5 WSGIDaemonProcess django_wsgi processes=5 python-path=/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 threads=1 WSGIPythonPath /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 WSGIScriptAlias /auctions /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/auctions.wsgi WSGIScriptAlias /achievers /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/achievers.wsgi

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