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• How can a running application in Linux/*nix determine its own absolute path?

  - by Dave Wade-Stein

  Suppose you run the application 'app' by typing 'app', rather than its absolute path. Due to your $PATH variable, what actually runs is /foo/bar/app. From inside app I'd like to determine /foo/bar/app. argv[0] is just 'app', so that doesn't help. I know in Linux I can get do pid = getpid(); and then look at the /proc/pid/exe softlink, but that doesn't work on other *nix. Is there a more portable way to determine the dir in which the app lives?

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• How would I go about writing a Linux TTY sniffer?

  - by alienate

  For educational purposes (not that anyone should care the motivations behind such an exercise) I'd like to write a program that can read/write to/from alternate tty/pty's. I've read papers (from the 1990's) but can't employ the implementation they use, on modern UNIXes. I was hoping that someone had researched into this in the past, or at least, read documentation pertaining to it, that they could provide. I also wonder if (considering the fact that Linux doesn't have STREAMs) if this exercise must be done via a loadable kernel module? I have many questions and probably a misunderstanding of some of the fundamental ideologies that allow such objectives to be put in place, could someone help? :)

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• How can install sqlite-ruby on linux when sqlite3 is not in /usr/local ?

  - by Charles

  I am trying to install sqlite3 and sqlite-ruby (ruby 1.8.6) on a linux box where I do not have root. I downloaded the sqlite3 source, binaries, and shared library and placed them all in a directory called sqlite3 I then try to install sqlite-ruby using gem install sqlite-ruby --with-sqlite-dir=the_path_sqlite/sqlite3 but I keep getting the error... checking for main() in -lsqlite... no checking for sqlite.h... no * extconf.rb failed * Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options. Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/data/scratch/bettbra/common/packages/ruby-1.8.6/bin/ruby --with-sqlite-dir --with-sqlite-include --without-sqlite-include=${sqlite-dir}/include --with-sqlite-lib --without-sqlite-lib=${sqlite-dir}/lib --with-sqlitelib --without-sqlitelib

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• How do I can linux flock command to prevent another root process deleting a file?

  - by Danmaxis

  Hello there, I would like to prevent one of my root process from deleting a certaing file. So I came across the flock command, it seems to fit my need, but I didnt get its sintax. If I only indicate a shared lock, it doesnt work: flock -s "./file.xml" If I add a timeout parameter, it still doesnt work flock -s -w5 "./file.xml" It seems that way, it fits in flock [-sxun][-w #] fd# way. (What is this fd# parameter?) So, I tried the flock [-sxon][-w #] file [-c] command Using flock -s -w5 "./file.xml" -c "tail -3 ./file.xml" and it worked, tail command at ./file.xml was executed. But I would like to know, does the lock end after the command or does it last 5 seconds after the end of the command execution? My main question is, how can I prevent another root process deleting a file in linux?

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• How to tell if running in a linux console versus an ssh session?

  - by Stéphane

  I have an application that needs to behave differently if run directly from the linux console. So if a user connects with SSH to run FooBar, or the user walks over to the console and logs in directly to run FooBar, I want it to do something different. What C API do I need to call to tell the difference between these two scenarios? I was thinking I'd have to look at the "tty/pts" information (such as what I see when I run "ps axf"), but I'm not certain if that is the best solution, nor what API to call to get that information. Hints appreciated. :)

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• Why do debug symbols so adversely affect the performance of threaded applications on Linux?

  - by fluffels

  Hi. I'm writing a ray tracer. Recently, I added threading to the program to exploit the additional cores on my i5 Quad Core. In a weird turn of events the debug version of the application is now running slower, but the optimized build is running faster than before I added threading. I'm passing the "-g -pg" flags to gcc for the debug build and the "-O3" flag for the optimized build. Host system: Ubuntu Linux 10.4 AMD64. I know that debug symbols add significant overhead to the program, but the relative performance has always been maintained. I.e. a faster algorithm will always run faster in both debug and optimization builds. Any idea why I'm seeing this behavior?

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• In Linux, how can I completely disregard the contents of /etc/ld.so.cache?

  - by BillyBBone

  Hi, For the purposes of prototyping a new set of shared libraries in a development sandbox (to which I don't have root access), I'd like to know how to execute a binary while completely overriding the contents of /etc/ld.so.cache, so that none of the system libraries get loaded. How can this be done? I have looked at mechanisms like setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable or launching the program wrapped inside /lib/ld-linux.so, but these methods all seem to supplement the loading of libraries from /etc/ld.so.cache, but not override it completely. Help?

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• How do you force a Linux process (Java webstart App) to stop locking a Filesystem (CD-ROM) WITHOUT k

  - by Blake

  In Linux (CentOS 5.4), how do you force a process to stop locking a file system without killing the process? I am trying to get my Java Webstart Application, running locally, to eject a CD. I do not have this problem if I am just browsing through the files using a JFileChooser, but once I read the contents of a file, I can no longer eject the CD...even after removing ALL references to any files. Hitting the eject button will give the error (Title - "Cannot Eject Volume"): "An application is preventing the volume 'volume name' from being ejected" Thus, my goal is to tell the process to stop targeting the CD-ROM in order to free it up. Thank you for any help or direction!! Attempted Fix: -running the commands: sudo umount -l /media/Volume_Name //-l Lazy Unmount forces the unmount sudo eject Problem: When a new CD is inserted, it is no longer mounted automatically probably because the process is still "targeting" it.

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• Is there a way to set up a Linux pipe to non-buffering or line-buffering?

  - by ern0

  My program is controlling an external application on Linux, passing in input commands via a pipe to the external applications stdin, and reading output result via a pipe from the external applications stdout. The problem is that writes to pipes are buffered by block, and not by line, and therefore delays occur before my app receives data output by the external application. The external application cannot be altered to add explicit fflush() calls. When I set the external application to /bin/cat -n (it echoes back the input, with line numbers added), it works correctly, it seems, cat flushes after each line. The only way to force the external application to flush, is sending exit command to it; as it receives the command, it flushes, and all the answers appears on the stdout, just before exiting. I'm pretty sure, that Unix pipes are appropiate solution for that kind of interprocess communication (pseudo server-client), but maybe I'm wrong. (I've just copied some text from a similar question: Force another program's standard output to be unbuffered using Python)

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• On Linux do people chroot a Java Web Application or use IPTables and run as non-root?

  - by Adam Gent

  When you run a Java Servlet Container that you would like to serve both static and dynamic content on port 80 you have the classic question of whether to run the server as: As root in hopefully a chroot jail if you can (haven't gotten this working yet) As a non root user and then use IPTables to forward port 80 to some other port (1024) that the container is running on Both: As a non root user, IPTables, and chroot jail. The problem with opt. 1 is the complexity of chrooting and still the security problems of running root.The problem with opt. 2 is that each Linux distro has a different way of persisting IPTables. Option 3 of course is probably idea but very hard to setup. Finally every distro has the annoying differences in daemon scripts. What do people find as the best distro agnostic solution and are there resources to show how to do this?

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• Creating a PHP web page that enables you to reboot the server in Linux?

  - by Stuart

  I want to create a web page that allows the user to initiate a reboot on the linux server. Obviously this would only be avaliable for system admins and would also be controlled by using iptables. Below is a sample of code that I was thinking of using but I wanted to know if there is another way to do this and how also to use this in a web page? Also is there any thing else that I should consider? $command = "cat $pass | su -c 'shutdown -r now'"; $output = array(); try{ echo shell_exec($command); exec($command, $output); system($command, $output); } catch(Exception $e) { print "Unable to shutdown system...\n"; } foreach ($output as $line) { print "$line<br>"; } Thanks in advance.

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• Best environment to port C/C++ code from Linux to Windows.

  - by Simone Margaritelli

  I'd like to make a big project of mine buildable on Windows platforms. The project itself it's written in C/C++ following POSIX standards, with some library dependencies such as libxml2, libcurl and so on. I'm more a Linux developer rather than a Windows developer, so i have no idea of which compiler suite i should use to port the code. Which one offers more compatibility with gcc 4.4.3 i'm using right now? My project needs flex and bison, is there any "ready to use" environment to port such projects to windows platforms? Thanks.

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• Print column A only if any of B, C, D, E & G contains Failed using Linux shell

  - by user3626342

  A B C ............ till G sucnpde067.advancemags.com- Successful Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_C Full_Backup 0B Failed Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_B Full_Backup 0B ............ till G sucnpde066.advancemags.com- Successful Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_C Full_Backup 0B Successful Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_C Full_Backup 0B ............ till G slnssde052.advancemags.com- Failed Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_B Full_Backup 0B Successful Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_C Full_Backup 0B ........... till G slnssde048.advancemags.com- Failed Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_B Full_Backup 0B Failed Full FS_UNIX_801_Fri_B Full_Backup 0B ............ till G Print column A only if any of B, C, D, E & G contains Failed using Linux shell Note -Coulmns are tab/comma seperated

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• How to Easily Add Custom Right-Click Options to Ubuntu’s File Manager

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Use Nautilus-Actions to easily and graphically create custom context menu options for Ubuntu’s Nautilus file manager. If you don’t want to create your own, you can install Nautilus-Actions-Extra to get a package of particularly useful user-created tools. Nautilus-Actions is simple to use – much simpler than editing the Windows registry to add Windows Explorer context menu options. All you really have to do is name your option and specify a command or script to run. HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me? HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux Hack Your Kindle for Easy Font Customization

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• How to Disable Ubuntu’s Guest Session Account

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Ubuntu and Linux Mint come with a “Guest Session” account, which anyone can log into from the login screen – no password required. If you’d rather restrict access to your computer, you can disable the guest account. This guest account is locked down and changes to it don’t persist between sessions – everyone that logs in gets a fresh desktop. Still, you may want to disable it to prevent other people from using your computer. Download the Official How-To Geek Trivia App for Windows 8 How to Banish Duplicate Photos with VisiPic How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless

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• Create a Persistent Bootable Ubuntu USB Flash Drive

  - by Trevor Bekolay

  Don’t feel like reinstalling an antivirus program every time you boot up your Ubuntu flash drive? We’ll show you how to create a bootable Ubuntu flash drive that will remember your settings, installed programs, and more! Previously, we showed you how to create a bootable Ubuntu flash drive that would reset to its initial state every time you booted it up. This is great if you’re worried about messing something up, and want to start fresh every time you start tinkering with Ubuntu. However, if you’re using the Ubuntu flash drive to diagnose and solve problems with your PC, you might find that a lot of problems require guess-and-test cycles. It would be great if the settings you change in Ubuntu and the programs you install stay installed the next time you boot it up. Fortunately, Universal USB Installer, a great little program from Pen Drive Linux, can do just that! Note: You will need a USB drive at least 2 GB large. Make sure you back up any files on the flash drive because this process will format the drive, removing any files currently on it. Once Ubuntu has been installed on the flash drive, you can move those files back if there is enough space. Put Ubuntu on your flash drive Universal-USB-Installer.exe does not need to be installed, so just double click on it to run it wherever you downloaded it. Click Yes if you get a UAC prompt, and you will be greeted with this window. Click I Agree. In the drop-down box on the next screen, select Ubuntu 9.10 Desktop i386. Don’t worry if you normally use 64-bit operating systems – the 32-bit version of Ubuntu 9.10 will still work fine. Some useful tools do not have 64-bit versions, so unless you’re planning on switching to Ubuntu permanently, the 32-bit version will work best. If you don’t have a copy of the Ubuntu 9.10 CD downloaded, then click on the checkbox to Download the ISO. You’ll be prompted to launch a web browser; click Yes. The download should start immediately. When it’s finished, return the the Universal USB Installer and click on Browse to navigate to the ISO file you just downloaded. Click OK and the text field will be populated with the path to the ISO file. Select the drive letter that corresponds to the flash drive that you would like to use from the dropdown box. If you’ve backed up the files on this drive, we recommend checking the box to format the drive. Finally, you have to choose how much space you would like to set aside for the settings and programs that will be stored on the flash drive. Considering that Ubuntu itself only takes up around 700 MB, 1 GB should be plenty, but we’re choosing 2 GB in this example because we have lots of space on this USB drive. Click on the Create button and then make yourself a sandwich – it will take some time to install no matter how fast your PC is. Eventually it will finish. Click Close. Now you have a flash drive that will boot into a fully capable Ubuntu installation, and any changes you make will persist the next time you boot it up! Boot into Ubuntu If you’re not sure how to set your computer to boot using the USB drive, then check out the How to Boot Into Ubuntu section of our previous article on creating bootable USB drives, or refer to your motherboard’s manual. Once your computer is set to boot using the USB drive, you’ll be greeted with splash screen with some options. Press Enter to boot into Ubuntu. The first time you do this, it may take some time to boot up. Fortunately, we’ve found that the process speeds up on subsequent boots. You’ll be greeted with the Ubuntu desktop. Now, if you change settings like the desktop resolution, or install a program, those changes will be permanently stored on the USB drive! We installed avast! Antivirus, and on the next boot, found that it was still in the Accessories menu where we left it. Conclusion We think that a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive is a great tool to have around in case your PC has problems booting otherwise. By having the changes you make persist, you can customize your Ubuntu installation to be the ultimate computer repair toolkit! Download Universal USB Installer from Pen Drive Linux Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Create a Bootable Ubuntu USB Flash Drive the Easy WayCreate a Bootable Ubuntu 9.10 USB Flash DriveReset Your Ubuntu Password Easily from the Live CDHow-To Geek on Lifehacker: Control Your Computer with Shortcuts & Speed Up Vista SetupHow To Setup a USB Flash Drive to Install Windows 7 TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Test Drive Windows 7 Online Download Wallpapers From National Geographic Site Spyware Blaster v4.3 Yes, it’s Patch Tuesday Generate Stunning Tag Clouds With Tagxedo Install, Remove and HIDE Fonts in Windows 7

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• Ask How-To Geek: Clone a Disk, Resize Static Windows, and Create System Function Shortcuts

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  This week we take a look at how to clone a hard disk for easy backup or duplication, resize stubbornly static windows, and create shortcuts for dozens of Windows functions. Once a week we dip into our reader mailbag and help readers solve their problems, sharing the useful solutions with you in the process. Read on to see our fixes for this week’s reader dilemmas. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC HTG Projects: How to Create Your Own Custom Papercraft Toy How to Combine Rescue Disks to Create the Ultimate Windows Repair Disk What is Camera Raw, and Why Would a Professional Prefer it to JPG? The How-To Geek Guide to Audio Editing: The Basics How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 ShapeShifter: What Are Dreams? [Video] This Computer Runs on Geek Power Wallpaper Bones, Clocks, and Counters; A Look at the First 35,000 Years of Computing Arctic Theme for Windows 7 Gives Your Desktop an Icy Touch Install LibreOffice via PPA and Receive Auto-Updates in Ubuntu Creative Portraits Peek Inside the Guts of Modern Electronics

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• HTG Explains: Why It’s Good That Your Computer’s RAM Is Full

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Is Windows, Linux, Android, or another operating system using a lot of RAM? Don’t panic! Modern operating systems use RAM as a file cache to speed things up. Assuming your computer is performing well, there’s nothing to worry about. While it may seem counterintuitive to those of us who remember our computers always being starved for RAM, high RAM usage means your RAM is being put to good use. Empty RAM is wasted RAM. HTG Explains: Why It’s Good That Your Computer’s RAM Is Full 10 Awesome Improvements For Desktop Users in Windows 8 How To Play DVDs on Windows 8

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• How to Create AppArmor Profiles to Lock Down Programs on Ubuntu

  - by Chris Hoffman

  AppArmor locks down programs on your Ubuntu system, allowing them only the permissions they require in normal use – particularly useful for server software that may become compromised. AppArmor includes simple tools you can use to lock down other applications. AppArmor is included by default in Ubuntu and some other Linux distributions. Ubuntu ships AppArmor with several profiles, but you can also create your own AppArmor profiles. AppArmor’s utilities can monitor a program’s execution and help you create a profile. Before creating your own profile for an application, you may want to check the apparmor-profiles package in Ubuntu’s repositories to see if a profile for the application you want to confine already exists. How to Use an Xbox 360 Controller On Your Windows PC Download the Official How-To Geek Trivia App for Windows 8 How to Banish Duplicate Photos with VisiPic

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• Apache Prefork Configuration

  - by user1618606

  I'm newbie on VPS configuration. So, I've installed apache, php and mysql and now I need to know how to configure Prefork to optimize Apache. The system configuration is: CPU Cores 2 x 2 Ghz @ 4 Ghz RAM Memory 2304 MB DDR3 Burst Memory 3 GB DDR3 Disk Space 30 GB SSD Bandwidth 3 TB SwitchPort 1 Gbps Actually, after linux, mysql, apache and php, there are 250 MB memory in use. Well, I don't have idea to calculate. I saw in some websistes, some vars like: KeepAlive On KeepAliveTimeout 1 MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 StartServers 15 MinSpareServers 15 MaxSpareServers 15 MaxClients 20 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 or StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 How I could to do: Prefork or worker? Where and how the vars are placed? In httpd.conf?

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• Web Site Development Software for VirtualBox Ubuntu 11.04

  - by Paul Sonier

  I'm doing some development of a website on a VirtualBox guest running Ubuntu 11.04 (host is running Windows, but I want to do the web development in a Linux environment). My development languages are primarily PHP and Javascript (using Apache and node.js). The question is this: is there a good IDE for work under these conditions that can handle running virtualized? I tried Eclipse, and was not particularly thrilled with the performance; I'm wondering if there's some other way to do this than to do all my text editing in emacs.

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• How to Share Files Online with Ubuntu One

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Ubuntu One, Ubuntu’s built-in cloud file storage service, allows you to make files publically available online or share them privately with others. You can share files over the Internet right from Ubuntu’s file browser. Ubuntu One has two file-sharing methods: Publish, which makes a file publically available on the web to anyone who knows its address, and Share, which shares a folder with other Ubuntu One users. HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me? HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux

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• 7 Ubuntu File Manager Features You May Not Have Noticed

  - by Chris Hoffman

  The Nautilus file manager included with Ubuntu includes some useful features you may not notice unless you go looking for them. You can create saved searches, mount remote file systems, use tabs in your file manager, and more. Ubuntu’s file manager also includes built-in support for sharing folders on your local network – the Sharing Options dialog creates and configures network shares compatible with both Linux and Windows machines. How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me?

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• How To View and Write To System Log Files on Ubuntu

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Linux logs a large amount of events to the disk, where they’re mostly stored in the /var/log directory in plain text. Most log entries go through the system logging daemon, syslogd, and are written to the system log. Ubuntu includes a number of ways of viewing these logs, either graphically or from the command-line. You can also write your own log messages to the system log — particularly useful in scripts. How to Banish Duplicate Photos with VisiPic How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It?

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• First Person Shooter game agent development

  - by LangerHansIslands

  I would like to apply (program) the Artificial intelligence methods to create a intelligent game bots for a first person shooter game. Do you have any knowledge from where can I start to develop as a Linux user? Do you have a suggestion for an easy-to-start game for which I can develop bots easily, caring more about the result of my algorithms rather than spending a lot of time dealing with the game code? I've read some publications about the applied methods to Quake 3 (c) and Open Arena. But I couldn't find the source codes and manuals describing how to start coding( for compiling, developing ai and etc.). I appreciate your help.

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