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  • Configuring https access on HP A5120 Switch

    - by GerryEgan
    I am trying to configure HTTPS management on a HP a5120 switch running Version 5.20.99, Release 2215 and not having much luck. I have followed the manual by creating an SSL policy first and then enabling the HTTPS server with the SSL policy: ssl server-policy sslpol ip https ssl-server-policy sslpol ip https enable When I try and log onto the switch with Google Chrome I get the following error: Error 107 (net::ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR): SSL protocol error. When I look this up I have found references to errors due to TLS being used in SSL. I can find no way to specify the SSL version in the server policy. The manual has a configuration example that uses MSCEP to retrieve a certificate but in Windows 2008 R2 that feature is only available in Enterprise and Datacentre editions which I don't have. I have SSH configured and it is using a locally generated certificate so I'm not sure if I can use that but I'd like to if possible. Has anybody been able to setup HTTPS management on HP A series switches without MSCEP? Any and all help appreciated! here is a copy of my config with the interfaces removed: version 5.20.99, Release 2215 # sysname MYSYSNAME # irf domain 10 irf mac-address persistent timer irf auto-update enable undo irf link-delay # domain default enable system # telnet server enable # vlan 1 # vlan 100 description Management # radius scheme system primary authentication 127.0.0.1 1645 primary accounting 127.0.0.1 1646 user-name-format without-domain # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # user-group system group-attribute allow-guest # local-user admin password cipher authorization-attribute level 3 service-type ssh telnet terminal service-type web # stp enable # ssl server-policy sslpol pki-domain MYDOMAIN # interface NULL0 # interface Vlan-interface199 ip address 192.168.199.140 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 poe enable stp edged-port enable # interface Ten-GigabitEthernet2/1/2 # dhcp-snooping # ntp-service unicast-server 192.168.1.71 # ssh server enable # ip https ssl-server-policy sslpol ip https enable # load xml-configuration # user-interface aux 0 1 user-interface vty 0 15 authentication-mode scheme

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  • Translating debian network configuration to gentoo

    - by thpetrus
    I just got rid off Debian on my VPS (OpenVZ) and installed Gentoo on it, however it is a plain Gentoo image without further configuration, i.e. no working network. I'm not familiar with Debian and coulnd't figure out how to get the network set up, these are the debian network files /etc/network/interfaces: auto venet0 iface venet0 inet manual up ifconfig venet0 up up ifconfig venet0 127.0.0.2 up route add default dev venet0 down route del default dev venet0 down ifconfig venet0 down iface venet0 inet6 manual up ifconfig venet0 add ipv6addr/128 down ifconfig venet0 del ipv6addr/128 up route -A inet6 add default dev venet0 down route -A inet6 del default dev venet0 auto venet0:0 iface venet0:0 inet static address external_ip netmask 255.255.255.255 auto venet0:1 iface venet0:1 inet static address internal_ip netmask 255.255.255.255 Please note that external_ip, internal_ip and ipv6addr are placeholders. I copied the /etc/resolv.conf, know the gateway_ip and also have another ouput of ifconfig, if necessary. This is what I came up with, /etc/conf.d/net: config_venet0="127.0.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.255 brd 0.0.0.0" config_venet0:0="external_ip netmask 255.255.255.255 brd 0.0.0.0" route_venet0:0="default via gateway_ip" config_venet0:1="internal_ip netmask 255.255.255.255 brd 0.0.0.0" Broadcast IP is taken from ifconfig debian output - however it doesn't work. A symbolic link net.venet0:0 -> net.lo in /etc/init.d/ was created and I added net.venet0:0 to the boot runlevel.

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  • mount error 5 = Input/output error

    - by alharaka
    I am running out of ideas. After a long period of testing this morning, I cannot seem to get this to work, and I have no idea why. I want to mount a Windows SMB/CIFS share with a Debian 5.0.4 VM, and it is not cooperating. This the command I am using. debianvm:/home/me# whoami root debianvm:/home/me# smbclient --version Version 3.2.5 debianvm:/home/me# mount -t cifs //hostname.domain.tld/share /mnt/hostname.domain.tld/share --verbose -o user=SUBADDOMAIN.ADDOMAIN.DOMAIN.TLD/username mount.cifs kernel mount options: unc=//hostname.domain.tld\share,ip=10.212.15.53,domain=SUBADDOMAIN.ADDOMAIN.DOMAIN.TLD,ver=1,rw,user=username,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,pass=*********mount error 5 = Input/output error Refer to the mount.cifs(8) manual page (e.g.man mount.cifs) debianvm:/home/me# The word on the nets has not been very specific, and unfortunately it is almost always environment-specific. I receive no authentication errors. I have tried mount -t smbfs and mount -t cifs, along with smbmount and such. I get the same error before. I doubt it is a problem with DNS resolution, because logging shows the correct IP address. dmesg | tail -f no longer shows authentication errors when I format the domain and username accordingly. I have played a little with iocharset=utf8, file_mode, and dir_mode as described here. That did not help either. I have also tried ntlm and ntlmv2 assuming it might be a minimum auth method problem, but not forcing sec=ntlmv2 it can still authenticate without errors anymore. smbclient -L hostname.domain.tld -W SUBADDOMAIN.ADDOMAIN.DOMAIN.TLD -U username correctly lists all the shares and shows it as the following. Domain=[SUBADDOMAIN] OS=[Windows 5.0] Server=[Windows 2000 LAN Manager] Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- IPC$ IPC Remote IPC ETC$ Disk Remote Administration C$ Disk Remote Administration Share Disk Connection to hostname.domain.tld failed (Error NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_REFUSED) NetBIOS over TCP disabled -- no workgroup available I find the last line intriguing/alarming. Does anyone have any pointers!? Maybe I misread the effin manual.

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  • Issue with multiple bridging for KVM hosts

    - by Henry-Nicolas Tourneur
    I'm using KVM and libvirt on my host (Debian lenny) + 2 bridges per guest (one for mgmt, one for public traffic). That setup isn't stable at all, sometimes I can do pings to a management ip, sometimes not. I don't know if my bridging paramateres are correct, could you check ? or if there is anything wrong ... Please also note that interface on guest doesn't flap and that I got not logs on my host. Of course forwarding is enabled. iface eth3 inet manual auto bond0 iface bond0 inet manual slaves eth1 eth2 pre-up ip link set bond0 up down ip link set bond0 down auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 10.160.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.128 bridge_ports eth3 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off auto br0:1 iface br0:1 inet static address 10.160.0.9 netmask 255.255.255.128 auto br0:2 iface br0:2 inet static address 10.160.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.128 auto br1 iface br1 inet static address 217.4.40.242 netmask 255.255.255.240 gateway 217.4.40.241 pre-up /etc/network/firewall start bridge_ports bond0 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off auto br1:1 iface br1:1 inet static address 217.4.40.252 netmask 255.255.255.240 auto br1:2 iface br1:2 inet static address 217.4.40.253 netmask 255.255.255.240

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  • How to configure CISCO switch 2960 for port-based address allocation on a single port only?

    - by Jack
    CISCO 2960 allows you to configure so-called Port-Based address allocation. It makes the switch to associate IP address it is giving out via DHCP with port-identifier, which is random, switch created identifier. In practice it means that any machine connected to such configured port will always get the same IP address, regardless of what that machine's MAC address is. I want to have that feature configured on --some ports-- only. But no matter what commands I try it seems that this can only be done for all ports, all for none. Even though CISCO manual seems to indicate there's both global and per-port command to enable that. Here are relevant commands from CISCO manual: configure terminal ip dhcp use subscriber-id client-id (this configures the DHCP server to globally use the subscriber ID as the client ID on all incoming DHCP messages) interface FastEthernet0/1 ip dhcp server use subscriber-id client-id (Optional: Configures the DHCP server to use the subscriber ID as the client ID on all incoming DHCP messages on the interface) but it appears if I configure only per-interface than there's no effect at all, if I configure globally and per interface - CISCo behaves as if all ports were configured to use that feature. Any ideas?

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  • Is VGA port hot-pluggable?

    - by Martin Bøgelund
    In meetings, I often see people detaching the VGA connector from one running laptop and connecting it to another, while the projector is still on. Is this 100% risk free, and OK by design of the VGA standard? If there's a risk involved in hot-plugging VGA, can it be removed by turning off or suspending either laptop, display, or both? I see this being done all the time without causing disaster, so clearly I'm not interested in answers stating "we do it all the time, so it should be OK!". I want to know if there's a risk - real or in theory - that something breaks when doing this. EDIT: I did an internet search on the topic, and I never found a clear statement as to why it is safe or unsafe to hot swap VGA devices. The typical form is a forum question asking basically the same question as I did, and the following types of statements Yes it's hot swappable! I do it all the time! It involves some kind of risk, so don't do it! You're some kind of moron if you think there's a risk, so just do it! But no explanation as to why it safe or not... Joe Taylors answer below contains a link to a forum post and answers that basically give me the same statements as mentioned above. But again, no good explanation why. So I looked for an actual manual for a projector, and found "Lenovo C500 Projector User’s Guide". It states on page 3-1: Connecting devices Computers and video devices can be connected to the projector at the same time. Check the user’s manual of the connecting device to confirm that it has the appropriate output connector. [image] Attention: As a safety precaution, disconnect all power to the projector and devices before making connections. But again, no good explanation.

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  • Symantec Backup Exec 12 Tape Alert.

    - by Adam
    Every day, I run 5 backups using 6 tapes. Each day, when I run the inventory, I get a tape alert Error. This occurs every day, on the same job. The error is: Job 'Inventory Daily ********' has reported Multiple Tape Alerts on server '******' Please refer to job log *****.xml for more information. When i look at the Job log, the Utility Job Information says: The device has reported the following TapeAlert diagnostic information Information- The library has been manually turned offline and is unavailable for use. Robotic library for device: PV132T 500 Warning - Library security has been compromised. Robotic Library for device: PV132T 500. Critical - The library has detected a inconsistency in its inventory. 1.Redo the library inventory to correct the inconsistency. 2. Restart the operation. Check the applications users manual or hardware users manual for specific instructions on redoing the library inventory. Roboric Library for Device PV132T 500. When I run the same inventory for a second time, the job completes successfully. I am using Symantec Backup Exec 12 running on Windows Server 2008. I am using a Dell Powervault 132T 500 tape drive. If anyone can help me on how to resolve this problem, it would be very much appreciated.

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  • Unable to record using Jmeter

    - by krish
    Hi, I am trying to record a http web page using Jmeter 2.3.3 version.I has setup the JMeter proxy and tried, but did n't work. I have followed the below steps. Launch jmeter 2.3.3, added thred group to test plan Under Workbench-add-non-test elements- added HTTP proxy server. proxy server setting are port:9090, target:use recording controller, grouping:donot group samplers, Type:HTTp request and checked the boxes of all under http sampler settings Saved the settings Now in browser(IE 7.0 or firefox 3.0.16), under connection settings, setup the manual proxy settings as local host and port as 9090(no auto detect settings nothing, only manual proxy). Setting saved Now in the jmeter, started the http proxy server. Open a browser and hit the webpage needs to be tested. The page is not opened. In fact because of the changes made in browsers, no pages are opened. Whenever i try hitting a page, the pages are recorded in the Jmeter. but without the page open, how can i test. I looking for an immediate answer and my work is blocked. Immediate answer would be appreciated.

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  • Can't Configure IBM 8275-416 Switch Via Serial

    - by Sean M
    I am attempting to configure an IBM 8275-416 switch (I found a manual here) via serial connection. However, when I connect with HyperTerminal, the output contains a lot of garbage characters. It's pretty much unusable, because there's enough layout-breaking text-gunk that it's very difficult to determine what's actually being displayed. . I was able to reset the switch to factory defaults via the terminal interface, so I know that it's not entirely broken. It also performs basic functions all right (i.e., you plug in clients and Ethernet cables - they can connect to clients plugged into other ports) - but I'd like it to do more than that (VLANs yay). I don't know if its in-band UI is operational or not, because I can't get the terminal interface to behave well enough to properly turn on the web/SNMP UI. So that's not available. Things I've tried: - Changing the encoding: HyperTerminal lets me choose between Standard JIS and Shift-JIS. Neither setting fixes the issue. - Checking emulation settings: The manual demands VT100, 19200 baud, 8 data bits, and such: I have faithfully applied these settings, both in HyperTerminal's settings and in the properties of the COM1 port in Device Manager (connecting from a Windows machine). - Restoring to factory defaults: See above. Things that it could be, but that seem unlikely: - Cabling: Couldn't find a proper null-modem cable, so used two 232-to-RJ45 adapters. But if it was a problem with the cable, wouldn't it be more likely to not connect or do input at all, rather than just garble the text? Since I was actually able to perform the reset-to-factory defaults operation, I don't think it's this. - Device as a whole broken: It is a decade and change old, so it's possible that it's just dying slowly. Again, though, it seems like there would be more symptoms than just garbled text in the terminal. What else can I try to get a sane interface to this switch?

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  • can't get to admin page after factory reset netgear wg602

    - by stefanB
    I have wireless Netgear wg602 on my home network (connected to my internet modem/router). I've had it secured and locked down to only accept connection from specific MAC addresses. I've forgotten the password that I used but my Mac Book laptops can still connect (multiple OS updates - it can't retrieve and display the password but it can use it to log in to WPA) so I want to reconfigure it from scratch (have some new devices). I tried to reset the Netgear wg602 to factory settings (pressed reset button for 10 sec), reset my laptop IP address to local address suggested in manual (192.168.0.210 net mask 255.255.255.0), connect Netgear via ethernet cable to my mac book pro but I can't get to the admin page at 192.168.0.227 as suggested by manual (firefox or safari). At this stage the Netgear is not connected to router, it is only connected to mac book. I can't ping the wireless access point either (but it is on all lights are on). What am I doing incorrectly? Last time I configured it via Windows now I only have Mac Book (which I've used with the wireless access point for 2 years so no compatibility problems).

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  • OwnCloud RSA certificate configured for SERVER- ISSUE, webpage has a redirect loop

    - by jmituzas
    I had Owncloud running on a server that had died, I remember installing being easy, I have migrated server and Owncloud is one of the last apps to install. Ok Just downloaded and installed the newest version of Owncloud on a Ubuntu 14.04 server with PHP 5.5.9-1, I am trying the manual install. I have tried adding repo and installing from apt-get install owncloud, did not work for me :/, whereis owncloud reported nothing. It's installed but never was able to bring up site. Now for my issue I finished the manual install from .tar.bz2 when it came time to login I receive "This webpage has a redirect loop" , I receive the error from Chrome and Safari web browsers. I can't login at all, with no user, I get the error page. Don't know if it is related or not but here's a look at the owncloud-error.log "RSA certificate configured for "mysite.com" Does NOT include an ID which matches the server name" Installed new ssl cert with CN as my ServerName directive in the vhost config file, same error :/ Re-installed owncloud same issue... Out of ideas. Thanks in advance, jmituzas

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  • ConfigMgr 2012 - How to automatically make updates available to computers without forcing them to be installed?

    - by Massimo
    I'm using System Center Configuration Manager 2012 with the Software Update Point feature; however, in this environment patching has to be strictly manual, because server reboots need to be approved and scheduled by different people; thus, I need to use ConfigMgr's SUP like I would use a plain WSUS server with auto-approval but with manual installation. I created some Automatic Deployment Rules to automatically download and deploy critical updates, and to have an installation dealine of "as soon as possible"; but then, I've also configured those rules to not do anything when the deadline is reached, and to not perform system restarts even if needed (see image). Also, I've configured the device collection to where those rules deploy updates to not have any valid maintencance window. However, I'm experiencing quite the opposite as what I was expecting: as soon as the new updates are processed by the ADRs, they get automatically installed on all systems by the Software Center, and the computers are subsequently restarted. Why is this happening? Am I getting something wrong or is just ConfigMgr 2012 not behaving like it should?

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  • Fill down in Excel, but based on multiple values

    - by Jenn D.
    I have spreadsheets (not created by me) that have blank entries in one column where they should really have data. I want to take every empty cell and fill it with the nearest value above it. I'm looking for as little manual intervention as possible, because I'll have to do it repeatedly. I thought some previous version of Excel, or maybe another spreadsheet from the distant past, would do this by default -- that is, if you selected the column with foo and bar, and chose the equivalent of "fill down", you would get what's in the WANT column. What I actually get in Excel is the GET column. HAVE: WANT: GET: foo 1 foo 1 foo 1 2 foo 2 foo 2 bar 1 bar 1 foo 1 2 bar 2 foo 2 3 bar 3 foo 3 I'm worried that this might need a macro to be done properly. I used to be a whiz with Excel macros, and then suddenly they were all in VB. My fallback position will be to dump the whole thing to CSV and write a Python script, but if there's any way to do it in Excel that would be much preferable. Even if it involves a couple of different manual steps, that's fine; just not one step per group of lines. That is, a process of "copy the column, do X to it, cut and paste it back" would work, but "do X for each occurrence of foo or bar" won't. The files are too big for that. Any thoughts are appreciated!

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  • Doesn't VirtualBox 4.0 support drag-drop file copy yet?

    - by Benjamin
    Version 4.0.0 will be new major release. The following major new features were added: -New settings/disk file layout for VM portability; see the manual for more information. -Open Virtualization Format Archive (OVA) support; see the manual for more information. -VMM: support more than 1.5/2 GB guest RAM on 32-bit hosts -Language bindings: uniform Java bindings for both local (COM/XPCOM) and remote (SOAP) -invocation APIs -Chipset: added support for the Intel ICH9 chipset with 3 PCI buses, PCI express and -Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI) -Audio: Intel HD Audio is now available as guest hardware, for better support with modern -guest operating systems (e.g. 64-bit Windows; bug #2785). -GUI: redesigned user interface with guest window preview -GUI: new display mode with downscaled guest display -Resource control: added support for limiting a VM's CPU time and IO bandwidth. -Storage: support asynchronous I/O for iSCSI, VMDK, VHD and Parallels images -Storage: support for resizing VDI and VHD images -Windows Additions: support for automatically updating the Guest Additions (requires -installed Windows Guest Additions 4.0 or later) -Guest Additions: support for copying files into the guest file system What does the last line mean? I thought this is a drag-drop file copy feature like VMWare. I tried that. But I couldn't copy by drag-drop, ctrl-c ctrl-v either. Edit: I mean VBox 4.0 beta, not 3.x The release note is here. Download link is here.

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  • How do I recover drivers from other hard disk

    - by Carl
    The drivers for a Cardbus (PCMCIA) card that gives me 2 USB 2.0 ports are on the hard disk from my old laptop. I have lost the driver CD. I have a way to get files from that other hard disk. Which files do I need? The drivers for the card used to be on the following website - the information is still there, except the download links don't work: http://www.ht-link.com/en/DownView.asp?ID=10 - The drivers I need are the first listing - The Win XP drivers for the HT-112NEC. My e-mails to them have not been answered. The information on this card is here http://www.ht-link.com/en/ProductView.asp?ID=106 I already tried connecting that other drive to my new laptop (via USB) and adding the drive to the search criteria when selecting update driver in the Device Manager. It says there isn't a better match, and if I select manual the matching device is not listed. (I don't think "manual" sees drivers on the external hard disk - but only ones on the main drive and/or found listed in the registry.) I would try 'have disk' if I knew exactly what file to point to on the external drive. The drivers are on that hard disk - I installed them there, and used that card on that computer. The new laptop has Windows XP Pro SP3, the old one had Pro SP2 Thanks for any help.

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  • Network topology for both direct and routed traffic between two nodes

    - by IndigoFire
    Despite it's small size, this is the most difficult network design problem I've faced. There are three nodes in this network: PC running Windows XP with an internal WiFi adapter.Base station with both WiFi and a Wireless Modem (WiModem)Mobile device with both WiFi and WiModem The modem is a low-bandwidth but high-reliability connection. We'd like to use WiFi for high-bandwidth stuff like file transfers when the mobile is nearby, and the modem for control information. Here's the tricky part: we'd like the wifi traffic to go directly from the mobile to the PC, as rebroadcasting packets on the same WiFi channel takes up double the bandwidth. We can do that with a manual configuration by giving the both the PC and the base station two IP addresses for their WiFi interfaces: one on a subnet shared with the mobile, and one on their own subnet. The routes on the PC are set up so that any traffic going to the mobile via WiModem goes through the secondary IP address so that return traffic from the mobile also goes through the WiModem. Here's what that looks like: PC WiFi 1: 192.168.2.10/24 WiFi 2: 192.168.3.10/24 Default route: 192.168.2.1 Base Station WiFi 1: 192.168.2.1/24 WiFi 2: 192.168.3.1/24 WiModem: 192.168.4.1/24 Mobile WiFi: 192.168.3.20/24 WiModem: 192.168.4.20/24 We'd like to move to having the base station automatically configure the mobile and PC, as the manual setup is problematic when you start having multiple mobiles and PCs. This means that the PC can only have 1 IP address and needs to be treated as being pretty simple. Is it possible to have a setup driven by DHCP on the base station that is efficient with bandwidth?

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  • OpenVPN access to a private network

    - by Gior312
    There are many similar topics about my issue, however I cannot figure out a solution for myself. There are three hosts. A without a routable address but with an Internet access. Server S with a routable Internet address and host B behind NAT in a private network. What I've managed to do is a OpenVPN connection between A and B via S. Everything works fine so far according to this manual VPN Setup What I want to do is to connect A to Bs private network 10.A.B.x I tried this manual but had no luck. So A has a vpn address 10.9.0.10, B's vpn address is 10.9.0.6 and B's private network is 10.20.20.0/24. When at the Server I try to make a route to Bs private network like this sudo route add 10.20.20.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.9.0.6 dev tun0 it says "route: netmask 000000ff doesn't make sense with host route" but I don't know how to tell Server to look for a private network in a different way. Do you know how can I make it right ?

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  • Cloning to a smaller hard drive with DDRescue

    - by krebshack
    I am currently working with a 700 GB Seagate hard drive that's beginning to fail. I'll call this "SDB" from now on. I'd like to clone it while I'm still able to. However, the only hard drive that I have available is a 500 GB WD hard drive. I'll call this "SDC" from now on. The partition scheme on SDB is as follows: 9.77 GB is allocated to a recovery partition and the remaining 688.87 GB is allocated to a Windows partition. Both are formatted using NTFS. There is no partition scheme on SDC. I know how to clone one hard drive to another using DDRescue but I've only done it using hard drives that are the same size. For your reference, I'll normally use the command "ddrescue -v -r 3 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc example.log". I'd like to know if it's possible to do this with DDRescue. I've read the manual from GNU (http://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/manual/ddrescue_manual.html) and I haven't seen anything indicating that it is possible. I'm just looking for some confirmation that this is a correct impression. If it's not possible, then it would be helpful if any of y'all would be able to make some work around suggestions. But please don't feel obligated to do that. I don't want to have my one thread bogged down with two many questions.

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  • Autossh startup on Ubuntu 10.04 - fails after powering off

    - by grant
    I'm using upstart to keep a reverse ssh tunnel alive using auto ssh similar to Using Upstart to Manage AutoSSH Reverse Tunnel. This works fine, except after a manual power down I can no longer connect to the machine through the "central server" using the tunnel. I receive "ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host". The autossh process is running on the client. I can connect again after re-starting networking. I'm trying to figure out why this is failing consistently after a manual shutdown. Is it possible that I need to do some cleanup on startup that would allow the tunnel to work in this situation, or are there some other debugging/troubleshooting steps I can take to determine the problem? Machine A is the client machine, using autossh. This machine sits behind a firewall and uses the following command in upstart to create an ssh tunnel: /usr/bin/autossh -fN -i /keyfile -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -R 20098:localhost:22 user@centralserver Machine B we'll call the "central server", which sits in the cloud and is the host. This machine is "centralserver" in the command above. When Machine A is hard powered off, and back on, I cannot connect to it by SSH'ing from my machine (C) to Machine B in the cloud, then using the following command to get to Machine A: ssh -p 2098 user@localhost Again, after a reboot of the client (A), this works fine. It is only after a hard power down that the problem occurs. There are autossh processes that are running on the client machine (A) after powering down and back up, but they just don't seem to doing their job.

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  • Swapping RAID sets in and out of the same controller

    - by hazymat
    This is a really simple question, and the answer is probably encoded in various wikipedia articles, however my question is reasonably specific, and I need a bulletproof answer! I'm not sure if my question pertains to hardware RAID in general, or to the specific RAID controller I'm working on. Either way it is the Dell SAS 6/iR (this is an LSI sas1068e chipset). I simply want to: remove a set of striped (RAID 0) disks from this RAID controller in a server put in another set of disks, and create a RAID 1 array (or create a new 'virtual disk', as they call it in the SAS 6/iR manual) Do stuff with the new RAID 1 array Have the option of putting back the old set of disks (the RAID 0 striped ones) I am quite sure this is possible, but I need some form of reliable, evidence-based answer as it's for a client of mine, and I need to migrate their data safely. The question: can I actually do the above? Does the RAID configuration get stored on the disks themselves, or in the hardware controller? Is any data stored in the hardware controller? If there is any chance I cannot completely restore operation of the first set of disks I removed, then I need to know about it! The manual alludes to the answer to this question (see page 45 of this document), and talks about activating an array of disks. I just need someone to confirm I can definitely do the above. See, simple question, right? :)

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  • C#/.NET &ndash; Finding an Item&rsquo;s Index in IEnumerable&lt;T&gt;

    - by James Michael Hare
    Sorry for the long blogging hiatus.  First it was, of course, the holidays hustle and bustle, then my brother and his wife gave birth to their son, so I’ve been away from my blogging for two weeks. Background: Finding an item’s index in List<T> is easy… Many times in our day to day programming activities, we want to find the index of an item in a collection.  Now, if we have a List<T> and we’re looking for the item itself this is trivial: 1: // assume have a list of ints: 2: var list = new List<int> { 1, 13, 42, 64, 121, 77, 5, 99, 132 }; 3:  4: // can find the exact item using IndexOf() 5: var pos = list.IndexOf(64); This will return the position of the item if it’s found, or –1 if not.  It’s easy to see how this works for primitive types where equality is well defined.  For complex types, however, it will attempt to compare them using EqualityComparer<T>.Default which, in a nutshell, relies on the object’s Equals() method. So what if we want to search for a condition instead of equality?  That’s also easy in a List<T> with the FindIndex() method: 1: // assume have a list of ints: 2: var list = new List<int> { 1, 13, 42, 64, 121, 77, 5, 99, 132 }; 3:  4: // finds index of first even number or -1 if not found. 5: var pos = list.FindIndex(i => i % 2 == 0);   Problem: Finding an item’s index in IEnumerable<T> is not so easy... This is all well and good for lists, but what if we want to do the same thing for IEnumerable<T>?  A collection of IEnumerable<T> has no indexing, so there’s no direct method to find an item’s index.  LINQ, as powerful as it is, gives us many tools to get us this information, but not in one step.  As with almost any problem involving collections, there are several ways to accomplish the same goal.  And once again as with almost any problem involving collections, the choice of the solution somewhat depends on the situation. So let’s look at a few possible alternatives.  I’m going to express each of these as extension methods for simplicity and consistency. Solution: The TakeWhile() and Count() combo One of the things you can do is to perform a TakeWhile() on the list as long as your find condition is not true, and then do a Count() of the items it took.  The only downside to this method is that if the item is not in the list, the index will be the full Count() of items, and not –1.  So if you don’t know the size of the list beforehand, this can be confusing. 1: // a collection of extra extension methods off IEnumerable<T> 2: public static class EnumerableExtensions 3: { 4: // Finds an item in the collection, similar to List<T>.FindIndex() 5: public static int FindIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, Predicate<T> finder) 6: { 7: // note if item not found, result is length and not -1! 8: return list.TakeWhile(i => !finder(i)).Count(); 9: } 10: } Personally, I don’t like switching the paradigm of not found away from –1, so this is one of my least favorites.  Solution: Select with index Many people don’t realize that there is an alternative form of the LINQ Select() method that will provide you an index of the item being selected: 1: list.Select( (item,index) => do something here with the item and/or index... ) This can come in handy, but must be treated with care.  This is because the index provided is only as pertains to the result of previous operations (if any).  For example: 1: // assume have a list of ints: 2: var list = new List<int> { 1, 13, 42, 64, 121, 77, 5, 99, 132 }; 3:  4: // you'd hope this would give you the indexes of the even numbers 5: // which would be 2, 3, 8, but in reality it gives you 0, 1, 2 6: list.Where(item => item % 2 == 0).Select((item,index) => index); The reason the example gives you the collection { 0, 1, 2 } is because the where clause passes over any items that are odd, and therefore only the even items are given to the select and only they are given indexes. Conversely, we can’t select the index and then test the item in a Where() clause, because then the Where() clause would be operating on the index and not the item! So, what we have to do is to select the item and index and put them together in an anonymous type.  It looks ugly, but it works: 1: // extensions defined on IEnumerable<T> 2: public static class EnumerableExtensions 3: { 4: // finds an item in a collection, similar to List<T>.FindIndex() 5: public static int FindIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, Predicate<T> finder) 6: { 7: // if you don't name the anonymous properties they are the variable names 8: return list.Select((item, index) => new { item, index }) 9: .Where(p => finder(p.item)) 10: .Select(p => p.index + 1) 11: .FirstOrDefault() - 1; 12: } 13: }     So let’s look at this, because i know it’s convoluted: First Select() joins the items and their indexes into an anonymous type. Where() filters that list to only the ones matching the predicate. Second Select() picks the index of the matches and adds 1 – this is to distinguish between not found and first item. FirstOrDefault() returns the first item found from the previous clauses or default (zero) if not found. Subtract one so that not found (zero) will be –1, and first item (one) will be zero. The bad thing is, this is ugly as hell and creates anonymous objects for each item tested until it finds the match.  This concerns me a bit but we’ll defer judgment until compare the relative performances below. Solution: Convert ToList() and use FindIndex() This solution is easy enough.  We know any IEnumerable<T> can be converted to List<T> using the LINQ extension method ToList(), so we can easily convert the collection to a list and then just use the FindIndex() method baked into List<T>. 1: // a collection of extension methods for IEnumerable<T> 2: public static class EnumerableExtensions 3: { 4: // find the index of an item in the collection similar to List<T>.FindIndex() 5: public static int FindIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, Predicate<T> finder) 6: { 7: return list.ToList().FindIndex(finder); 8: } 9: } This solution is simplicity itself!  It is very concise and elegant and you need not worry about anyone misinterpreting what it’s trying to do (as opposed to the more convoluted LINQ methods above). But the main thing I’m concerned about here is the performance hit to allocate the List<T> in the ToList() call, but once again we’ll explore that in a second. Solution: Roll your own FindIndex() for IEnumerable<T> Of course, you can always roll your own FindIndex() method for IEnumerable<T>.  It would be a very simple for loop which scans for the item and counts as it goes.  There’s many ways to do this, but one such way might look like: 1: // extension methods for IEnumerable<T> 2: public static class EnumerableExtensions 3: { 4: // Finds an item matching a predicate in the enumeration, much like List<T>.FindIndex() 5: public static int FindIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, Predicate<T> finder) 6: { 7: int index = 0; 8: foreach (var item in list) 9: { 10: if (finder(item)) 11: { 12: return index; 13: } 14:  15: index++; 16: } 17:  18: return -1; 19: } 20: } Well, it’s not quite simplicity, and those less familiar with LINQ may prefer it since it doesn’t include all of the lambdas and behind the scenes iterators that come with deferred execution.  But does having this long, blown out method really gain us much in performance? Comparison of Proposed Solutions So we’ve now seen four solutions, let’s analyze their collective performance.  I took each of the four methods described above and run them over 100,000 iterations of lists of size 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 and here’s the performance results.  Then I looked for targets at the begining of the list (best case), middle of the list (the average case) and not in the list (worst case as must scan all of the list). Each of the times below is the average time in milliseconds for one execution as computer over the 100,000 iterations: Searches Matching First Item (Best Case)   10 100 1000 10000 TakeWhile 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 Select 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 ToList 0.0002 0.0003 0.0013 0.0121 Manual 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001   Searches Matching Middle Item (Average Case)   10 100 1000 10000 TakeWhile 0.0004 0.0020 0.0191 0.1889 Select 0.0008 0.0042 0.0387 0.3802 ToList 0.0002 0.0007 0.0057 0.0562 Manual 0.0002 0.0013 0.0129 0.1255   Searches Where Not Found (Worst Case)   10 100 1000 10000 TakeWhile 0.0006 0.0039 0.0381 0.3770 Select 0.0012 0.0081 0.0758 0.7583 ToList 0.0002 0.0012 0.0100 0.0996 Manual 0.0003 0.0026 0.0253 0.2514   Notice something interesting here, you’d think the “roll your own” loop would be the most efficient, but it only wins when the item is first (or very close to it) regardless of list size.  In almost all other cases though and in particular the average case and worst case, the ToList()/FindIndex() combo wins for performance, even though it is creating some temporary memory to hold the List<T>.  If you examine the algorithm, the reason why is most likely because once it’s in a ToList() form, internally FindIndex() scans the internal array which is much more efficient to iterate over.  Thus, it takes a one time performance hit (not including any GC impact) to create the List<T> but after that the performance is much better. Summary If you’re concerned about too many throw-away objects, you can always roll your own FindIndex() method, but for sheer simplicity and overall performance, using the ToList()/FindIndex() combo performs best on nearly all list sizes in the average and worst cases.    Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Litte Wonders,BlackRabbitCoder,Software,LINQ,List

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  • Juju Openstack bundle: Can't launch an instance

    - by user281985
    Deployed bundle:~makyo/openstack/2/openstack, on top of 7 physical boxes and 3 virtual ones. After changing vip_iface strings to point to right devices, e.g., br0 instead of eth0, and defining "/mnt/loopback|30G", in Cinder's block-device string, am able to navigate through openstack dashboard, error free. Following http://docs.openstack.org/grizzly/openstack-compute/install/apt/content/running-an-instance.html instructions, attempted to launch cirros 0.3.1 image; however, novalist shows the instance in error state. ubuntu@node7:~$ nova --debug boot --flavor 1 --image 28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd --key_name key2 --security_group default cirros REQ: curl -i http://keyStone.IP:5000/v2.0/tokens -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -d '{"auth": {"tenantName": "admin", "passwordCredentials": {"username": "admin", "password": "openstack"}}}' INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): keyStone.IP DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "POST /v2.0/tokens HTTP/1.1" 200 None RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:02 GMT', 'transfer-encoding': 'chunked', 'vary': 'X-Auth-Token', 'content-type': 'application/json'} RESP BODY: {"access": {"token": {"expires": "2014-06-11T00:01:02Z", "id": "3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534", "tenant": {"description": "Created by Juju", "enabled": true, "id": "08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "name": "admin"}}, "serviceCatalog": [{"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "publicURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "compute", "name": "nova"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:9696", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:9696", "publicURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:9696"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "network", "name": "quantum"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:3333", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:3333", "publicURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:3333"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "s3", "name": "s3"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://i.p.s.36:9292", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://i.p.s.36:9292", "publicURL": "http://i.p.s.36:9292"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "image", "name": "glance"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://i.p.s.39:8776/v1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://i.p.s.39:8776/v1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "publicURL": "http://i.p.s.39:8776/v1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "volume", "name": "cinder"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8773/services/Cloud", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8773/services/Cloud", "publicURL": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8773/services/Cloud"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "ec2", "name": "ec2"}, {"endpoints": [{"adminURL": "http://keyStone.IP:35357/v2.0", "region": "RegionOne", "internalURL": "http://keyStone.IP:5000/v2.0", "publicURL": "http://i.p.s.44:5000/v2.0"}], "endpoints_links": [], "type": "identity", "name": "keystone"}], "user": {"username": "admin", "roles_links": [], "id": "b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d", "roles": [{"id": "e020001eb9a049f4a16540238ab158aa", "name": "Admin"}, {"id": "b84fbff4d5554d53bbbffdaad66b56cb", "name": "KeystoneServiceAdmin"}, {"id": "129c8b49d42b4f0796109aaef2069aa9", "name": "KeystoneAdmin"}], "name": "admin"}}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd -X GET -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "GET /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd HTTP/1.1" 200 719 RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:03 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-7f3459f8-d3d5-47f1-97a3-8407a4419a69', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '719'} RESP BODY: {"image": {"status": "ACTIVE", "updated": "2014-06-09T22:17:54Z", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "rel": "bookmark"}, {"href": "http://External.Public.Port:9292/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "type": "application/vnd.openstack.image", "rel": "alternate"}], "id": "28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size": 13147648, "name": "Cirros 0.3.1", "created": "2014-06-09T22:17:54Z", "minDisk": 0, "progress": 100, "minRam": 0, "metadata": {}}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1 -X GET -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "GET /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1 HTTP/1.1" 200 418 RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:04 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-2c153110-6969-4f3a-b51c-8f1a6ce75bee', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '418'} RESP BODY: {"flavor": {"name": "m1.tiny", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}], "ram": 512, "OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled": false, "vcpus": 1, "swap": "", "os-flavor-access:is_public": true, "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 0, "disk": 0, "id": "1"}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers -X POST -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" -d '{"server": {"name": "cirros", "imageRef": "28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "key_name": "key2", "flavorRef": "1", "max_count": 1, "min_count": 1, "security_groups": [{"name": "default"}]}}' INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "POST /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers HTTP/1.1" 202 436 RESP: [202] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:05 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'location': 'http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43', 'content-length': '436'} RESP BODY: {"server": {"security_groups": [{"name": "default"}], "OS-DCF:diskConfig": "MANUAL", "id": "2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "rel": "bookmark"}], "adminPass": "oFRbvRqif2C8"}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43 -X GET -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "GET /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43 HTTP/1.1" 200 1349 RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:05 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-d91d0858-7030-469d-8e55-40e05e4d00fd', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '1349'} RESP BODY: {"server": {"status": "BUILD", "updated": "2014-06-10T00:01:05Z", "hostId": "", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host": null, "addresses": {}, "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/servers/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "rel": "bookmark"}], "key_name": "key2", "image": {"id": "28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "OS-EXT-STS:task_state": "scheduling", "OS-EXT-STS:vm_state": "building", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name": "instance-00000004", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname": null, "flavor": {"id": "1", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "id": "2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43", "security_groups": [{"name": "default"}], "OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone": "nova", "user_id": "b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d", "name": "cirros", "created": "2014-06-10T00:01:04Z", "tenant_id": "08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239", "OS-DCF:diskConfig": "MANUAL", "accessIPv4": "", "accessIPv6": "", "progress": 0, "OS-EXT-STS:power_state": 0, "config_drive": "", "metadata": {}}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1 -X GET -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "GET /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1 HTTP/1.1" 200 418 RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:05 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-896c0120-1102-4408-9e09-cd628f2dd699', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '418'} RESP BODY: {"flavor": {"name": "m1.tiny", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}], "ram": 512, "OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled": false, "vcpus": 1, "swap": "", "os-flavor-access:is_public": true, "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 0, "disk": 0, "id": "1"}} REQ: curl -i http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd -X GET -H "X-Auth-Project-Id: admin" -H "User-Agent: python-novaclient" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: 3eefa1837d984426a633fe09259a1534" INFO (connectionpool:191) Starting new HTTP connection (1): nova.cloud.controller DEBUG (connectionpool:283) "GET /v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd HTTP/1.1" 200 719 RESP: [200] {'date': 'Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:01:05 GMT', 'x-compute-request-id': 'req-454e9651-c247-4d31-8049-6b254de050ae', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'content-length': '719'} RESP BODY: {"image": {"status": "ACTIVE", "updated": "2014-06-09T22:17:54Z", "links": [{"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/v1.1/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "http://nova.cloud.controller:8774/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "rel": "bookmark"}, {"href": "http://External.Public.Port:9292/08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239/images/28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "type": "application/vnd.openstack.image", "rel": "alternate"}], "id": "28bed1bc-bc1c-4533-beee-8e0428ad40dd", "OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size": 13147648, "name": "Cirros 0.3.1", "created": "2014-06-09T22:17:54Z", "minDisk": 0, "progress": 100, "minRam": 0, "metadata": {}}} +-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | image | Cirros 0.3.1 | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00000004 | | flavor | m1.tiny | | id | 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43 | | security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] | | user_id | b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d | | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | accessIPv4 | | | accessIPv6 | | | progress | 0 | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova | | config_drive | | | status | BUILD | | updated | 2014-06-10T00:01:05Z | | hostId | | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None | | key_name | key2 | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None | | name | cirros | | adminPass | oFRbvRqif2C8 | | tenant_id | 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239 | | created | 2014-06-10T00:01:04Z | | metadata | {} | +-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ ubuntu@node7:~$ ubuntu@node7:~$ nova list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+----------+ | 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43 | cirros | ERROR | | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+----------+ ubuntu@node7:~$ var/log/nova/nova-compute.log shows the following error: ... 2014-06-10 00:01:06.048 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Attempting claim: memory 512 MB, disk 0 GB, VCPUs 1 2014-06-10 00:01:06.049 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Total Memory: 3885 MB, used: 512 MB 2014-06-10 00:01:06.049 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Memory limit: 5827 MB, free: 5315 MB 2014-06-10 00:01:06.049 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Total Disk: 146 GB, used: 0 GB 2014-06-10 00:01:06.050 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Disk limit not specified, defaulting to unlimited 2014-06-10 00:01:06.050 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Total CPU: 2 VCPUs, used: 0 VCPUs 2014-06-10 00:01:06.050 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] CPU limit not specified, defaulting to unlimited 2014-06-10 00:01:06.051 AUDIT nova.compute.claims [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Claim successful 2014-06-10 00:01:06.963 WARNING nova.network.quantumv2.api [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] No network configured! 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 ERROR nova.compute.manager [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Instance failed to spawn 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Traceback (most recent call last): 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1118, in _spawn 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] self._legacy_nw_info(network_info), 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 703, in _legacy_nw_info 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] network_info = network_info.legacy() 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'legacy' 2014-06-10 00:01:08.347 32223 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] 2014-06-10 00:01:08.919 AUDIT nova.compute.manager [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Terminating instance 2014-06-10 00:01:09.712 32223 ERROR nova.virt.libvirt.driver [-] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] During wait destroy, instance disappeared. 2014-06-10 00:01:09.718 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.firewall [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Attempted to unfilter instance which is not filtered 2014-06-10 00:01:09.719 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Deleting instance files /var/lib/nova/instances/2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43 2014-06-10 00:01:10.044 ERROR nova.compute.manager [req-41e53086-6454-4efb-bb35-a30dc2c780be b3730a52a32e40f0a9500440d1ef1c7d 08cff06d13b74492b780d9ceed699239] [instance: 2eb5e3ad-3044-41c1-bbb7-10f398f83e43] Error: ['Traceback (most recent call last):\n', ' File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 864, in _run_instance\n set_access_ip=set_access_ip)\n', ' File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1123, in _spawn\n LOG.exception(_(\'Instance failed to spawn\'), instance=instance)\n', ' File "/usr/lib/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 24, in __exit__\n self.gen.next()\n', ' File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1118, in _spawn\n self._legacy_nw_info(network_info),\n', ' File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 703, in _legacy_nw_info\n network_info = network_info.legacy()\n', "AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'legacy'\n"] 2014-06-10 00:01:40.951 32223 AUDIT nova.compute.resource_tracker [-] Auditing locally available compute resources 2014-06-10 00:01:41.072 32223 AUDIT nova.compute.resource_tracker [-] Free ram (MB): 2861 2014-06-10 00:01:41.072 32223 AUDIT nova.compute.resource_tracker [-] Free disk (GB): 146 2014-06-10 00:01:41.073 32223 AUDIT nova.compute.resource_tracker [-] Free VCPUS: 1 2014-06-10 00:01:41.262 32223 INFO nova.compute.resource_tracker [-] Compute_service record updated for node5:node5.maas ... Can't seem to find any entries in quantum.conf related to "legacy". Any help would be appreciated. Cheers,

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  • How Mature is Your Database Change Management Process?

    - by Ben Rees
    .dbd-banner p{ font-size:0.75em; padding:0 0 10px; margin:0 } .dbd-banner p span{ color:#675C6D; } .dbd-banner p:last-child{ padding:0; } @media ALL and (max-width:640px){ .dbd-banner{ background:#f0f0f0; padding:5px; color:#333; margin-top: 5px; } } -- Database Delivery Patterns & Practices Further Reading Organization and team processes How do you get your database schema changes live, on to your production system? As your team of developers and DBAs are working on the changes to the database to support your business-critical applications, how do these updates wend their way through from dev environments, possibly to QA, hopefully through pre-production and eventually to production in a controlled, reliable and repeatable way? In this article, I describe a model we use to try and understand the different stages that customers go through as their database change management processes mature, from the very basic and manual, through to advanced continuous delivery practices. I also provide a simple chart that will help you determine “How mature is our database change management process?” This process of managing changes to the database – which all of us who have worked in application/database development have had to deal with in one form or another – is sometimes known as Database Change Management (even if we’ve never used the term ourselves). And it’s a difficult process, often painfully so. Some developers take the approach of “I’ve no idea how my changes get live – I just write the stored procedures and add columns to the tables. It’s someone else’s problem to get this stuff live. I think we’ve got a DBA somewhere who deals with it – I don’t know, I’ve never met him/her”. I know I used to work that way. I worked that way because I assumed that making the updates to production was a trivial task – how hard can it be? Pause the application for half an hour in the middle of the night, copy over the changes to the app and the database, and switch it back on again? Voila! But somehow it never seemed that easy. And it certainly was never that easy for database changes. Why? Because you can’t just overwrite the old database with the new version. Databases have a state – more specifically 4Tb of critical data built up over the last 12 years of running your business, and if your quick hotfix happened to accidentally delete that 4Tb of data, then you’re “Looking for a new role” pretty quickly after the failed release. There are a lot of other reasons why a managed database change management process is important for organisations, besides job security, not least: Frequency of releases. Many business managers are feeling the pressure to get functionality out to their users sooner, quicker and more reliably. The new book (which I highly recommend) Lean Enterprise by Jez Humble, Barry O’Reilly and Joanne Molesky provides a great discussion on how many enterprises are having to move towards a leaner, more frequent release cycle to maintain their competitive advantage. It’s no longer acceptable to release once per year, leaving your customers waiting all year for changes they desperately need (and expect) Auditing and compliance. SOX, HIPAA and other compliance frameworks have demanded that companies implement proper processes for managing changes to their databases, whether managing schema changes, making sure that the data itself is being looked after correctly or other mechanisms that provide an audit trail of changes. We’ve found, at Red Gate that we have a very wide range of customers using every possible form of database change management imaginable. Everything from “Nothing – I just fix the schema on production from my laptop when things go wrong, and write it down in my notebook” to “A full Continuous Delivery process – any change made by a dev gets checked in and recorded, fully tested (including performance tests) before a (tested) release is made available to our Release Management system, ready for live deployment!”. And everything in between of course. Because of the vast number of customers using so many different approaches we found ourselves struggling to keep on top of what everyone was doing – struggling to identify patterns in customers’ behavior. This is useful for us, because we want to try and fit the products we have to different needs – different products are relevant to different customers and we waste everyone’s time (most notably, our customers’) if we’re suggesting products that aren’t appropriate for them. If someone visited a sports store, looking to embark on a new fitness program, and the store assistant suggested the latest $10,000 multi-gym, complete with multiple weights mechanisms, dumb-bells, pull-up bars and so on, then he’s likely to lose that customer. All he needed was a pair of running shoes! To solve this issue – in an attempt to simplify how we understand our customers and our offerings – we built a model. This is a an attempt at trying to classify our customers in to some sort of model or “Customer Maturity Framework” as we rather grandly term it, which somehow simplifies our understanding of what our customers are doing. The great statistician, George Box (amongst other things, the “Box” in the Box-Jenkins time series model) gave us the famous quote: “Essentially all models are wrong, but some are useful” We’ve taken this quote to heart – we know it’s a gross over-simplification of the real world of how users work with complex legacy and new database developments. Almost nobody precisely fits in to one of our categories. But we hope it’s useful and interesting. There are actually a number of similar models that exist for more general application delivery. We’ve found these from ThoughtWorks/Forrester, from InfoQ and others, and initially we tried just taking these models and replacing the word “application” for “database”. However, we hit a problem. From talking to our customers we know that users are far less further down the road of mature database change management than they are for application development. As a simple example, no application developer, who wants to keep his/her job would develop an application for an organisation without source controlling that code. Sure, he/she might not be using an advanced Gitflow branching methodology but they’ll certainly be making sure their code gets managed in a repo somewhere with all the benefits of history, auditing and so on. But this certainly isn’t the case (yet) for the database – a very large segment of the people we speak to have no source control set up for their databases whatsoever, even at the most basic level (for example, keeping change scripts in a source control system somewhere). By the way, if this is you, Red Gate has a great whitepaper here, on the barriers people face getting a source control process implemented at their organisations. This difference in maturity is the same as you move in to areas such as continuous integration (common amongst app developers, relatively rare for database developers) and automated release management (growing amongst app developers, very rare for the database). So, when we created the model we started from scratch and biased the levels of maturity towards what we actually see amongst our customers. But, what are these stages? And what level are you? The table below describes our definitions for four levels of maturity – Baseline, Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced. As I say, this is a model – you won’t fit any of these categories perfectly, but hopefully one will ring true more than others. We’ve also created a PDF with a flow chart to help you find which of these groups most closely matches your team:  Download the Database Delivery Maturity Framework PDF here   Level D1 – Baseline Work directly on live databases Sometimes work directly in production Generate manual scripts for releases. Sometimes use a product like SQL Compare or similar to do this Any tests that we might have are run manually Level D2 – Beginner Have some ad-hoc DB version control such as manually adding upgrade scripts to a version control system Attempt is made to keep production in sync with development environments There is some documentation and planning of manual deployments Some basic automated DB testing in process Level D3 – Intermediate The database is fully version-controlled with a product like Red Gate SQL Source Control or SSDT Database environments are managed Production environment schema is reproducible from the source control system There are some automated tests Have looked at using migration scripts for difficult database refactoring cases Level D4 – Advanced Using continuous integration for database changes Build, testing and deployment of DB changes carried out through a proper database release process Fully automated tests Production system is monitored for fast feedback to developers   Does this model reflect your team at all? Where are you on this journey? We’d be very interested in knowing how you get on. We’re doing a lot of work at the moment, at Red Gate, trying to help people progress through these stages. For example, if you’re currently not source controlling your database, then this is a natural next step. If you are already source controlling your database, what about the next stage – continuous integration and automated release management? To help understand these issues, there’s a summary of the Red Gate Database Delivery learning program on our site, alongside a Patterns and Practices library here on Simple-Talk and a Training Academy section on our documentation site to help you get up and running with the tools you need to progress. All feedback is welcome and it would be great to hear where you find yourself on this journey! This article is part of our database delivery patterns & practices series on Simple Talk. Find more articles for version control, automated testing, continuous integration & deployment.

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  • Boot From a USB Drive Even if your BIOS Won’t Let You

    - by Trevor Bekolay
    You’ve always got a trusty bootable USB flash drive with you to solve computer problems, but what if a PC’s BIOS won’t let you boot from USB? We’ll show you how to make a CD or floppy disk that will let you boot from your USB drive. This boot menu, like many created before USB drives became cheap and commonplace, does not include an option to boot from a USB drive. A piece of freeware called PLoP Boot Manager solves this problem, offering an image that can burned to a CD or put on a floppy disk, and enables you to boot to a variety of devices, including USB drives. Put PLoP on a CD PLoP comes as a zip file, which includes a variety of files. To put PLoP on a CD, you will need either plpbt.iso or plpbtnoemul.iso from that zip file. Either disc image should work on most computers, though if in doubt plpbtnoemul.iso should work “everywhere,” according to the readme included with PLoP Boot Manager. Burn plpbtnoemul.iso or plpbt.iso to a CD and then skip to the “booting PLoP Boot Manager” section. Put PLoP on a Floppy Disk If your computer is old enough to still have a floppy drive, then you will need to put the contents of the plpbt.img image file found in PLoP’s zip file on a floppy disk. To do this, we’ll use a freeware utility called RawWrite for Windows. We aren’t fortunate enough to have a floppy drive installed, but if you do it should be listed in the Floppy drive drop-down box. Select your floppy drive, then click on the “…” button and browse to plpbt.img. Press the Write button to write PLoP boot manager to your floppy disk. Booting PLoP Boot Manager To boot PLoP, you will need to have your CD or floppy drive boot with higher precedence than your hard drive. In many cases, especially with floppy disks, this is done by default. If the CD or floppy drive is not set to boot first, then you will need to access your BIOS’s boot menu, or the setup menu. The exact steps to do this vary depending on your BIOS – to get a detailed description of the process, search for your motherboard’s manual (or your laptop’s manual if you’re working with a laptop). In general, however, as the computer boots up, some important keyboard strokes are noted somewhere prominent on the screen. In our case, they are at the bottom of the screen. Press Escape to bring up the Boot Menu. Previously, we burned a CD with PLoP Boot Manager on it, so we will select the CD-ROM Drive option and hit Enter. If your BIOS does not have a Boot Menu, then you will need to access the Setup menu and change the boot order to give the floppy disk or CD-ROM Drive higher precedence than the hard drive. Usually this setting is found in the “Boot” or “Advanced” section of the Setup menu. If done correctly, PLoP Boot Manager will load up, giving a number of boot options. Highlight USB and press Enter. PLoP begins loading from the USB drive. Despite our BIOS not having the option, we’re now booting using the USB drive, which in our case holds an Ubuntu Live CD! This is a pretty geeky way to get your PC to boot from a USB…provided your computer still has a floppy drive. Of course if your BIOS won’t boot from a USB it probably has one…or you really need to update it. Download PLoP Boot Manager Download RawWrite for Windows Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Create a Bootable Ubuntu 9.10 USB Flash DriveReinstall Ubuntu Grub Bootloader After Windows Wipes it OutCreate a Bootable Ubuntu USB Flash Drive the Easy WayBuilding a New Computer – Part 3: Setting it UpInstall Windows XP on Your Pre-Installed Windows Vista Computer TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Office 2010 reviewed in depth by Ed Bott FoxClocks adds World Times in your Statusbar (Firefox) Have Fun Editing Photo Editing with Citrify Outlook Connector Upgrade Error Gadfly is a cool Twitter/Silverlight app Enable DreamScene in Windows 7

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  • Redaction in AutoVue

    - by [email protected]
    As the trend to digitize all paper assets continues, so does the push to digitize all the processes around these assets. One such process is redaction - removing sensitive or classified information from documents. While for some this may conjure up thoughts of old CIA documents filled with nothing but blacked out pages, there are actually many uses for redaction today beyond military and government. Many companies have a need to remove names, phone numbers, social security numbers, credit card numbers, etc. from documents that are being scanned in and/or released to the public or less privileged users - insurance companies, banks and legal firms are a few examples. The process of digital redaction actually isn't that far from the old paper method: Step 1. Find a folder with a big red stamp on it labeled "TOP SECRET" Step 2. Make a copy of that document, since some folks still need to access the original contents Step 3. Black out the text or pages you want to hide Step 4. Release or distribute this new 'redacted' copy So where does a solution like AutoVue come in? Well, we've really been doing all of these things for years! 1. With AutoVue's VueLink integration and iSDK, we can integrate to virtually any content management system and view documents of almost any format with a single click. Finding the document and opening it in AutoVue: CHECK! 2. With AutoVue's markup capabilities, adding filled boxes (or other shapes) around certain text is a no-brainer. You can even leverage AutoVue's powerful APIs to automate the addition of markups over certain text or pre-defined regions using our APIs. Black out the text you want to hide: CHECK! 3. With AutoVue's conversion capabilities, you can 'burn-in' the comments into a new file, either as a TIFF, JPEG or PDF document. Burning-in the redactions avoids slip-ups like the recent (well-publicized) TSA one. Through our tight integrations, the newly created copies can be directly checked into the content management system with no manual intervention. Make a copy of that document: CHECK! 4. Again, leveraging AutoVue's integrations, we can now define rules in the system based on a user's privileges. An 'authorized' user wishing to view the document from the repository will get exactly that - no redactions. An 'unauthorized' user, when requesting to view that same document, can get redirected to open the redacted copy of the same document. Release or distribute the new 'redacted' copy: CHECK! See this movie (WMV format, 2mins, 20secs, no audio) for a quick illustration of AutoVue's redaction capabilities. It shows how redactions can be added based on text searches, manual input or pre-defined templates/regions. Let us know what you think in the comments. And remember - this is all in our flagship AutoVue product - no additional software required!

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