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• piping to variables

  - by lego69

  cut -d" " -f2 ${2} | $callsTo hello, can somebody please explain can I pipe the result of cut to variable callsTo, and how will it be stored, as the string or list?

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• bind9 dlz/mysql at ubuntu segfault libmysqlclient.so

  - by Theos

  I have a big problem. I installed the bind9 nameserver to three different computer. two Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS, and one Ubuntu 11.10 I compiled it 9.7.0, 9.7.3, 9.9.0 with this method: ./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/bind --localstatedir=/var \ --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info \ --enable-threads --enable-largefile --with-libtool --enable-shared --enable-static \ --with-openssl=/usr --with-gssapi=/usr --with-gnu-ld \ --with-dlz-mysql=yes --with-dlz-bdb=no \ --with-dlz-filesystem=yes --with-geoip=/usr make make install After the set up for dlz/mysql, the BIND server is working perfetctly until 5-30 minute long. Ahter i got segfault. I resolve temporaly the problem with a simple process watchdog, and if the named is stopped, the watchdog is restart it, but this is not a good idea in long therm. My log output is: messages: Apr 13 19:33:51 dnsvm kernel: [ 8.088696] eth0: link up Apr 13 19:33:58 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting Apr 13 19:35:08 dnsvm kernel: [ 87.082572] named[1027]: segfault at 88 ip b71c4291 sp b5adfe30 error 4 in libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0[b714e000+1aa000] Apr 13 19:35:08 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting Apr 13 19:35:08 dnsvm kernel: [ 87.457510] named[1423]: segfault at 68 ip b71d6122 sp b52f0a40 error 4 in libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0[b7160000+1aa000] Apr 13 19:35:09 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting Apr 13 19:41:56 dnsvm kernel: [ 494.838206] named[1448]: segfault at 88 ip b731c291 sp b5436e30 error 4 in libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0[b72a6000+1aa000] Apr 13 19:41:57 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting Apr 13 19:57:26 dnsvm kernel: [ 1424.023409] named[2976]: segfault at 88 ip b72d1291 sp b6beee30 error 4 in libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0[b725b000+1aa000] Apr 13 19:57:26 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting Apr 13 20:11:56 dnsvm kernel: [ 2294.324663] named[6441]: segfault at 88 ip b7357291 sp b6473e30 error 4 in libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0[b72e1000+1aa000] Apr 13 20:11:57 WATCHDOG: named not running. Restarting syslog: http://pastebin.com/hjUyt8gN the first server is a native, normal x64 server (u1004lts), the second is virtualised server (u11.10) the third is also virtualised (10.04lts) This servers is only for dns providing with mysql server db. But the problem is be with all server, and all bind version. named.conf: http://pastebin.com/zwm1yP7V Can anybody help me, or any good idea?

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• Using named_scopes on the join model of a has_many :through

  - by uberllama

  Hi folks. I've been beating my head against the wall on something that on the surface should be very simple. Lets say I have the following simplified models: user.rb has_many :memberships has_many :groups, :through => :memberships membership.rb belongs_to :group belongs_to :user STATUS_CODES = {:admin => 1, :member => 2, :invited => 3} named_scope :active, :conditions => {:status => [[STATUS_CODES[:admin], STATUS_CODES[:member]]} group.rb has_many :memberships has_many :users, :through => :memberships Simple, right? So what I want to do is get a collection of all the groups a user is active in, using the existing named scope on the join model. Something along the lines of User.find(1).groups.active. Obviously this doesn't work. But as it stands, I need to do something like User.find(1).membrships.active.all(:include => :group) which returns a collection of memberships plus groups. I don't want that. I know I can add another has_many on the User model with conditions that duplicate the :active named_scope on the Membership model, but that's gross. has_many :active_groups, :through => :memberships, :source => :group, :conditions => ... So my question: is there a way of using intermediary named scopes when traversing directly between models? Many thanks.

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• Rails named_scope across multiple tables

  - by wakiki

  I'm trying to tidy up my code by using named_scopes in Rails 2.3.x but where I'm struggling with the has_many :through associations. I'm wondering if I'm putting the scopes in the wrong place... Here's some pseudo code below. The problem is that the :accepted named scope is replicated twice... I could of course call :accepted something different but these are the statuses on the table and it seems wrong to call them something different. Can anyone shed light on whether I'm doing the following correctly or not? I know Rails 3 is out but it's still in beta and it's a big project I'm doing so I can't use it in production yet. class Person < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :connections has_many :contacts, :through => :connections named_scope :accepted, :conditions => ["connections.status = ?", Connection::ACCEPTED] # the :accepted named_scope is duplicated named_scope :accepted, :conditions => ["memberships.status = ?", Membership::ACCEPTED] end class Group < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :memberships has_many :members, :through => :memberships end class Connection < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :person belongs_to :contact, :class_name => "Person", :foreign_key => "contact_id" end class Membership < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :person belongs_to :group end I'm trying to run something like person.contacts.accepted and group.members.accepted which are two different things. Shouldn't the named_scopes be in the Membership and Connection classes? One solution is to just call the two different named scope something different in the Person class or even to create separate associations (ie. has_many :accepted_members and has_many :accepted_contacts) but it seems hackish and in reality I have many more than just accepted (ie. banned members, ignored connections, pending, requested etc etc)

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• Complicated .NET factory design

  - by Tom W

  Hello SO; I'm planning to ask a fairly elaborate question that is also something of a musing here, so bear with me... I'm trying to design a factory implementation for a simulation application. The simulation will consist of different sorts of entities i.e. it is not a homogenous simulation in any respect. As a result, there will be numerous very different concrete implementations and only the very general properties will be abstracted at the top level. What I'd like to be able to do is create new simulation entities by calling a method on the model with a series of named arguments representing the parameters of the entity, and have the model infer what type of object is being described by the inbound parameters (from the names of the parameters and potentially the sequence they occur in) and call a factory method on the appropriate derived class. For example, if I pass the model a pair of parameters (Param1=5000, Param2="Bacon") I would like it to infer that the names Param1 and Param2 'belong' to the class "Blob1" and call a shared function "getBlob1" with named parameters Param1:=5000, Param2:="Bacon" whereas if I pass the model (Param1=5000, Param3=50) it would call a similar factory method for Blob2; because Param1 and Param3 in that order 'belong' to Blob2. I foresee several issues to resolve: Whether or not I can reflect on the available types with string parameter names and how to do this if it's possible Whether or not there's a neat way of doing the appropriate constructor inference from the combinatoric properties of the argument list or whether I'm going to have to bodge something to do it 'by hand'. If possible I'd like the model class to be able to accept parameters as parameters rather than as some collection of keys and values, which would require the model to expose a large number of parametrised methods at runtime without me having to code them explicitly - presumably one for every factory method available in the relevant namespace. What I'm really asking is how you'd go about implementing such a system, rather than whether or not it's fundamentally possible. I don't have the foresight or experience with .NET reflection to be able to figure out a way by myself. Hopefully this will prove an informative discussion.

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• Master/Slave DNS setup vs. rsync'ed DNS servers

  - by Jakobud

  We currently have primary and secondary DNS servers on our corporate network. They are setup in a master/slave type setup, where the slave gets its DNS information from the master. I'm trying to figure out what the real advantage is for the master/slave setup instead of just setting up an automated rsync between the two to keep the DNS settings matched. Can anyone shed some light on this? Or is it just a preferential thing? If that is the case, it seems like the rsync setup would be much easier to setup, maintain and understand.

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• Should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/?

  - by nbolton

  Each tutorial seems to have a different opinion on this. For my ISC BIND zones, should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/? In the last install, I used /var/cache/bind/ but only because I was guided to do so; however I just spotted a pid file in there for this new Debian install, so I figured that using the "working directory" to store zone files probably wasn't the best idea. It seems that many admins use this so they don't have to type the full path when declaring a new zone. For example: file "/etc/bind/zones/db.foobar.com"; Instead of: file "db.foobar.com"; Is obviously easier to type, but is it good or bad practice? Some may also suggest setting the working directory to /etc/bind/zones: options { // directory "/var/cache/bind"; directory "/etc/bind/zones"; } ... but something tells me this isn't good practice, since the pid file would be created there I assume (unless it's just in /var/cache/bind by coincidence). I took a look at the manpage but it didn't seem to say what the directory option was for, any ideas exactly what it was design for?

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• DNS and mod_rewrite not-collaborating

  - by ???? ?????????

  Hello, I have added a CNAME record to my DNS on my CentOS server to redirect subdomain.mydomain.com to another server. I also use mod_rewrite to rewrite mydomain.com to www.mydomain.com: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^mydomain\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.mydomain.com/$1 [L,R=301] this is placed into .htaccess in the root public html directory Now, the problem is that whenever I lookup subdomain.mydomain.com it redirects me to www.mydomain.com I tried adding another RewriteCond: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^mydomain\.com$ [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^subdomain\.mydomain\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.mydomain.com/$1 [L,R=301] But it didn't help... Anyone has some ideas?

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• BIND split-view DNS config problem

  - by organicveggie

  We have two DNS servers: one external server controlled by our ISP and one internal server controlled by us. I'd like internal requests for foo.example.com to map to 192.168.100.5 and external requests continue to map to 1.2.3.4, so I'm trying to configure a view in bind. Unfortunately, bind fails when I attempt to reload the configuration. I'm sure I'm missing something simple, but I can't figure out what it is. options { directory "/var/cache/bind"; forwarders { 8.8.8.8; 8.8.4.4; }; auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 listen-on-v6 { any; }; }; zone "." { type hint; file "/etc/bind/db.root"; }; zone "localhost" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.local"; }; zone "127.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.127"; }; zone "0.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.0"; }; zone "255.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.255"; }; view "internal" { zone "example.com" { type master; notify no; file "/etc/bind/db.example.com"; }; }; zone "example.corp" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.example.corp"; }; zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; notify no; file "/etc/bind/db.192"; }; I have excluded the entries in the view for allow-recursion and recursion in an attempt to simplify the configuration. If I remove the view and just load the example.com zone directly, it works fine. Any advice on what I might be missing?

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• Any Name Entity Recognition - web services available

  - by Gublooo

  Hello I wanted to know if there are any paid or free named entity recognition web services available. Basically I'm looking for something - where if I pass a text like: "John had french fries at Burger King" It should be identify - something along the lines: Person: John Organization: Burger King I've heard of Annie from GATE - but I dont think it has a web service available. Thanks

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• In Ruby on Rails, routes.rb, if map.something will create something_path and something_url, does map

  - by Jian Lin

  In Ruby on Rails, routes.rb, if we create a "named route" map.something ":a/:b", :controller => 'foobar' it will also create something_path and something_url which are two methods usable in the controller and in the view. Does map.connect create something like that too? Otherwise, isn't map.connect somewhat disadvantaged in this way? I checked that connect_path and connect_url both aren't created automatically.

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• BizTalk 2009 - Naming Guidelines

  - by StuartBrierley

  The following is effectively a repost of the BizTalk 2004 naming guidlines that I have previously detailed.  I have posted these again for completeness under BizTalk 2009 and to allow an element of separation in case I find some reason to amend these for BizTalk 2009. These guidlines should be universal across any version of BizTalk you may wish to apply them to. General Rules All names should be named with a Pascal convention. Project Namespaces For message schemas: [CompanyName].XML.Schemas.[FunctionalName]* Examples:  ABC.XML.Schemas.Underwriting DEF.XML.Schemas.MarshmellowTradingExchange * Donates potential for multiple levels of functional name, such as Underwriting.Dictionary.Valuation For web services: [CompanyName].Web.Services.[FunctionalName] Examples: ABC.Web.Services.OrderJellyBeans For the main BizTalk Projects: [CompanyName].BizTalk.[AssemblyType].[FunctionalName]* Examples: ABC.BizTalk.Mappings.Underwriting ABC.BizTalk.Orchestrations.Underwriting * Donates potential for multiple levels of functional name, such as Mappings.Underwriting.Valuations Assemblies BizTalk Assembly names should match the associated Project Namespace, such as ABC.BizTalk.Mappings.Underwriting. This pertains to the formal assembly name and the DLL name. The Solution name should take the name of the main project within the solution, and also therefore the namespace for that project. Although long names such as this can be unwieldy to work with, the benefits of having the full scope available when the assemblies are installed on the target server are generally judged to outweigh this inconvenience. Messaging Artifacts Artifact Standard Notes Example Schema <DescriptiveName>.xsd   .NET Type name should match, without file extension.    .NET Namespace will likely match assembly name. PurchaseOrderAcknowledge_FF.xsd  or FNMA100330_FF.xsd Property Schema <DescriptiveName>.xsd Should be named to reflect possible common usage across multiple schemas  IspecMessagePropertySchema.xsd UnderwritingOrchestrationKeys.xsd Map <SourceSchema>2<DestinationSchema>.btm Exceptions to this may be made where the source and destination schemas share the majority of the name, such as in mainframe web service maps InstructionResponse2CustomEmailRequest.btm (exception example) AccountCustomerAddressSummaryRequest2MainframeRequest.btm Orchestration <DescriptiveName>.odx   GetValuationReports.odx SendMTEDecisionResponse.odx Send/Receive Pipeline <DescriptiveName>.btp   ValidatingXMLReceivePipeline.btp FlatFileAssembler.btp Receive Port A plainly worded phrase that will clearly explain the function.    FraudPreventionServices LetterProcessing   Receive Location A plainly worded phrase that will clearly explain the function.  ? Do we want to include the transport type here ? Arrears Web Service Send Port Group A plainly worded phrase that will clearly explain the function.   Customer Updates Send Port A plainly worded phrase that will clearly explain the function.    ABCProductUpdater LogLendingPolicyOutput Parties A meaningful name for a Trading Partner. If dealing with multiple entities within a Trading Partner organization, the Organization name could be used as a prefix.   Roles A meaningful name for the role that a Trading Partner plays.     Orchestration Workflow Shapes Shape Standard Notes Example Scopes <DescriptionOfContainedWork> or <DescOfcontainedWork><TxType>   Including info about transaction type may be appropriate in some situations where it adds significant documentation value to the diagram. HandleReportResponse         Receive Receive<MessageName> Typically, MessageName will be the same as the name of the message variable that is being received “into”. ReceiveReportResponse Send Send<MessageName> Typically, MessageName will be the same as the name of the message variable that is being sent. SendValuationDetailsRequest Expression <DescriptionOfEffect> Expression shapes should be named to describe the net effect of the expression, similar to naming a method.  The exception to this is the case where the expression is interacting with an external .NET component to perform a function that overlaps with existing BizTalk functionality – use closest BizTalk shape for this case. CreatePrintXML Decide <DescriptionOfDecision> A description of what will be decided in the “if” branch Report Type? Perform MF Save? If-Branch <DescriptionOfDecision> A (potentially abbreviated) description of what is being decided Mortgage Valuation Yes Else-Branch Else Else-branch shapes should always be named “Else” Else Construct Message (Assign) Create<Message> (for Construct)     <ExpressionDescription> (for expression) If a Construct shape contains a message assignment, it should be prefixed with “Create” followed by an abbreviated name of the message being assigned.    The actual message assignment shape contained should be named to describe the expression that is contained. CreateReportDataMV   which contains expression: ExtractReportData Construct Message (Transform) Create<Message> (for Construct)   <SourceSchema>2<DestSchema> (for transform) If a Construct shape contains a message transform, it should be prefixed with “Create” followed by an abbreviated name of the message being assigned.   The actual message transform shape contained should generally be named the same as the called map.  CreateReportDataMV   which contains transform: ReportDataMV2ReportDataMV                 Construct Message (containing multiple shapes)   If a Construct Message shape uses multiple assignments or transforms, the overall shape should be named to communicate the net effect, using no prefix.     Call/Start Orchestration Call<OrchestrationName>   Start<OrchestrationName>     Throw Throw<ExceptionType> The corresponding variable name for the exception type should (often) be the same name as the exception type, only camel-cased. ThrowRuleException, which references the “ruleException” variable.     Parallel <DescriptionOfParallelWork> Parallel shapes should be named by a description of what work will be done in parallel   Delay <DescriptionOfWhatWaitingFor> Delay shapes should be named by a description of what is being waited for.  POAcknowledgeTimeout Listen <DescriptionOfOutcomes> Listen shapes should be named by a description that captures (to the degree possible) all the branches of the Listen shape POAckOrTimeout FirstShippingBid Loop <DescriptionOfLoop> A (potentially abbreviated) description of what the loop is. ForEachValuationReport WhileErrorFlagTrue Role Link   See “Roles” in messaging naming conventions above.   Suspend <ReasonDescription> Describe what action an administrator must take to resume the orchestration.  More detail can be passed to error property – and should include what should be done by the administrator before resuming the orchestration. ReEstablishCreditLink Terminate <ReasonDescription> Describe why the orchestration terminated.  More detail can be passed to error property. TimeoutsExpired Call Rules Call<PolicyName> The policy name may need to be abbreviated. CallLendingPolicy Compensate Compensate or Compensate<TxName> If the shape compensates nested transactions, names should be suffixed with the name of the nested transaction – otherwise it should simple be Compensate. CompensateTransferFunds Orchestration Types Type Standard Notes Example Multi-Part Message Types <LogicalDocumentType>   Multi-part types encapsulate multiple parts.  The WSDL spec indicates “parts are a flexible mechanism for describing the logical abstract content of a message.”  The name of the multi-part type should correspond to the “logical” document type, i.e. what the sum of the parts describes. InvoiceReceipt   (which might encapsulate an invoice acknowledgement and a payment voucher.) Multi-Part Messsage Part <SchemaNameOfPart> Should be named (most often) simply for the schema (or simple type) associated with the part. InvoiceHeader Messages <SchemaName> or <MuliPartMessageTypeName> Should be named based on the corresponding schema type or multi-part message type.  If there is more than one variable of a type, name for its use within the orchestration. ReportDataMV UpdatedReportDataMV Variables <DescriptiveName>   TargetFilePath StringProcessor Port Types <FunctionDescription>PortType Should be named to suggest the nature of an endpoint, with pascal casing and suffixed with “PortType”.   If there will be more than one Port for a Port Type, the Port Type should be named according to the abstract service supplied.   The WSDL spec indicates port types are “a named set of abstract operations and the abstract messages involved” that also encapsulates the message pattern (i.e. one-way, request-response, solicit-response) that all operations on the port type adhere to. ReceiveReportResponsePortType  or CallEAEPortType (This is a two way port, so Receove or Send alone would not be appropriate.  Could have been ProcessEAERequestPortType etc....) Ports <FunctionDescription>Port Should be named to suggest a grouping of functionality, with pascal casing and suffixed with “Port.”  ReceiveReportResponsePort CallEAEPort Correlation types <DescriptiveName> Should be named based on the logical name of what is being used to correlate.  PurchaseOrderNumber Correlation sets <DescriptiveName> Should be named based on the corresponding correlation type.  If there is more than one, it should be named to reflect its specific purpose within the orchestration.   PurchaseOrderNumber Orchestration parameters <DescriptiveName> Should be named to match the caller’s names for the corresponding variables where appropriate.

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• named_scope and substings

  - by Philb28

  I have a named_scope in rails that finds episodes by there directors given name named_scope :director_given, lambda { |dr| {:joins => :director, :conditions => ['given = ?', dr]} } It works great but I would like it to also work on substrings one the name. e.g. instead of having to search for 'Lucy' you could just search 'Lu'. P.S. I also have another named scope which does exactly the same thing but on the directors last name. It there a way to combine the two? Thanks,

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• Deleting orphans with JPA

  - by homaxto

  I have a one-to-one relation where I use CascadeType.PERSIST. This has over time build up a huge amount of child records that has not been deleted, to such an extend that it is reflected in the performance. Now I wish to add some code that cleans up the database removing all the child records that are not referenced by a parent. At the moment we are talking 400K+ records, at I need to run the code on all customer installations just to be sure they do not run into the same problem. I think the best solution would be to run a named query (because we support two databases) that deletes the necessary records, and this is where I get into problems, because how should I write it in JPQL? The result I want can be defined like the following sql statement, which unfortunaltely does not run on MySQL. DELETE FROM child c1 WHERE c1.pk NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT p.pk FROM child c2 JOIN parent p ON p.child = c2.pk);

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• How to: Searchlogic and Tags

  - by bob

  I have installed searchlogic and added will_paginate etc. I currently have a product model that has tagging enabled using the acts_as_taggable_on plugin. I want to search the tags using searchlogic. Here is the taggable plugin page: http://github.com/mbleigh/acts-as-taggable-on Each product has a "tag_list" that i can access using Product.tag_list or i can access a specific tag using Product.tags[0] I can't find the scope to use for searching however with search logic. Here is my part of my working form. <p> <%= f.label :name_or_description_like, "Name" %><br /> <%= f.text_field :name_or_description_like %> </p> I have tried :name_or_description_or_tagged_with_like and :name_or_description_or_tags_like and also :name_or_description_or_tags_list_like to try and get it to work but I keep have an error that says the options i have tried are not found (named scopes not found). I am wondering how I can get this working or how to create my own named_scope that would allow me to search the tags added to each product by the taggable plugin. Thanks!

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• named_scope + average is causing the table to be specified more then once in the sql query run on po

  - by hadees

  I have a named scopes like so... named_scope :gender, lambda { |gender| { :joins => {:survey_session => :profile }, :conditions => { :survey_sessions => { :profiles => { :gender => gender } } } } } and when I call it everything works fine. I also have this average method I call... Answer.average(:rating, :include => {:survey_session => :profile}, :group => "profiles.career") which also works fine if I call it like that. However if I were to call it like so... Answer.gender('m').average(:rating, :include => {:survey_session => :profile}, :group => "profiles.career") I get... ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR: table name "profiles" specified more than once : SELECT avg("answers".rating) AS avg_rating, profiles.career AS profiles_career FROM "answers" LEFT OUTER JOIN "survey_sessions" survey_sessions_answers ON "survey_sessions_answers".id = "answers".survey_session_id LEFT OUTER JOIN "profiles" ON "profiles".id = "survey_sessions_answers".profile_id INNER JOIN "survey_sessions" ON "survey_sessions".id = "answers".survey_session_id INNER JOIN "profiles" ON "profiles".id = "survey_sessions".profile_id WHERE ("profiles"."gender" = E'm') GROUP BY profiles.career Which is a little hard to read but says I'm including the table profiles twice. If I were to just remove the include from average it works but it isn't really practical because average is actually being called inside a method which gets passed the scoped. So there is some times gender or average might get called with out each other and if either was missing the profile include it wouldn't work. So either I need to know how to fix this apparent bug in Rails or figure out a way to know what scopes were applied to a ActiveRecord::NamedScope::Scope object so that I could check to see if they have been applied and if not add the include for average.

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• How to use named_scope to incrementally construct a complex query?

  - by wbharding

  I want to use Rails named_scope to incrementally build complex queries that are returned from external methods. I believe I can get the behavior I want with anonymous scopes like so: def filter_turkeys Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:animal => 'turkey'}) end def filter_tasty Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:tasty => true}) end turkeys = filter_turkeys is_tasty = filter_tasty tasty_turkeys = filter_turkeys.filter_tasty But say that I already have a named_scope that does what these anonymous scopes do, can I just use that, rather than having to declare anonymous scopes? Obviously one solution would be to pass my growing query to each of the filter methods, a la def filter_turkey(existing_query) existing_query.turkey # turkey is a named_scoped that filters for turkey end But that feels like an un-DRY way to solve the problem. Oh, and if you're wondering why I would want to return named_scope pieces from methods, rather than just build all the named scopes I need and concatenate them together, it's because my queries are too complex to be nicely handled with named_scopes themselves, and the queries get used in multiple places, so I don't want to manually build the same big hairy concatenation multiple times.

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• Change a finder method w/ parameters to an association

  - by Sai Emrys

  How do I turn this into a has_one association? (Possibly has_one + a named scope for size.) class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :assets, :foreign_key => 'creator_id' def avatar_asset size = :thumb # The LIKE is because it might be a .jpg, .png, or .gif. # More efficient methods that can handle that are OK. ;) self.assets.find :first, :conditions => ["thumbnail = '#{size}' and filename LIKE ?", self.login + "_#{size}.%"] end end EDIT: Cuing from AnalogHole on Freenode #rubyonrails, we can do this: has_many :assets, :foreign_key => 'creator_id' do def avatar size = :thumb find :first, :conditions => ["thumbnail = ? and filename LIKE ?", size.to_s, proxy_owner.login + "_#{size}.%"] end end ... which is fairly cool, and makes syntax a bit better at least. However, this still doesn't behave as well as I would like. Particularly, it doesn't allow for further nice find chaining (such that it doesn't execute this find until it's gotten all its conditions). More importantly, it doesn't allow for use in an :include. Ideally I want to do something like this: PostsController def show post = Post.get_cache(params[:id]) { Post.find(params[:id], :include => {:comments => {:users => {:avatar_asset => :thumb}} } ... end ... so that I can cache the assets together with the post. Or cache them at all, really - e.g. get_cache(user_id){User.find(user_id, :include => :avatar_assets)} would be a good first pass. This doesn't actually work (self == User), but is correct in spirit: has_many :avatar_assets, :foreign_key => 'creator_id', :class_name => 'Asset', :conditions => ["filename LIKE ?", self.login + "_%"] (Also posted on Refactor My Code.)

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• rails named_scope ignores eager loading

  - by Craig

  Two models (Rails 2.3.8): User; username & disabled properties; User has_one :profile Profile; full_name & hidden properties I am trying to create a named_scope that eliminate the disabled=1 and hidden=1 User-Profiles. The User model is usually used in conjunction with the Profile model, so I attempt to eager-load the Profile model (:include = :profile). I created a named_scope on the User model called 'visible': named_scope :visible, { :joins => "INNER JOIN profiles ON users.id=profiles.user_id", :conditions => ["users.disabled = ? AND profiles.hidden = ?", false, false] } I've noticed that when I use the named_scope in a query, the eager-loading instruction is ignored. Variation 1 - User model only: # UserController @users = User.find(:all) # User's Index view <% for user in @users %> <p><%= user.username %></p> <% end %> # generates a single query: SELECT * FROM `users` Variation 2 - use Profile model in view; lazy load Profile model # UserController @users = User.find(:all) # User's Index view <% for user in @users %> <p><%= user.username %></p> <p><%= user.profile.full_name %></p> <% end %> # generates multiple queries: SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 1) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SHOW FIELDS FROM `profiles` SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 2) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 3) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 4) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 5) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 6) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 Variation 3 - eager load Profile model # UserController @users = User.find(:all, :include => :profile) #view; no changes # two queries SELECT * FROM `users` SELECT `profiles`.* FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id IN (1,2,3,4,5,6)) Variation 4 - use name_scope, including eager-loading instruction #UserConroller @users = User.visible(:include => :profile) #view; no changes # generates multiple queries SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` INNER JOIN profiles ON users.id=profiles.user_id WHERE (users.disabled = 0 AND profiles.hidden = 0) SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 1) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 2) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 3) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 4) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 Variation 4 does return the correct number of records, but also appears to be ignoring the eager-loading instruction. Is this an issue with cross-model named scopes? Perhaps I'm not using it correctly. Is this sort of situation handled better by Rails 3?

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• Settings schema 'gnome.org.desktop.a11y.magnifier' does not contain a key named 'invert-lightness' Error when using GNOME

  - by user1105047

  I have just installed the gnome-shell on my ubuntu 12.04. When I login I get this error: GLib-GIO-ERROR: **: Settings schema 'gnome.org.desktop.a11y.magnifier' does not contain a key named 'invert-lightness' Does anyone know how to fix this? Because of this error the gnome-shell doesn't start at all! When I installed it I followed these instructions: http://www.filiwiese.com/installing-gnome-on-ubuntu-12-04-precise-pangolin/

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• What prevents an attack on Postfix through its named pipes?

  - by Met?Ed

  What prevents an attack on Postfix through its named pipes by writing bogus data to them? I see on my system that they permit write access to other. I wonder if that opens Postfix to DoS or some other form of attack. prw--w--w- 1 postfix postdrop 0 Nov 28 21:13 /var/spool/postfix/public/pickup prw--w--w- 1 postfix postdrop 0 Nov 28 21:13 /var/spool/postfix/public/qmgr I reviewed the pickup(8) man page, and searched here and elsewhere, but failed to turn up any answers.

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• Network communications mechanisms for SQL Server

  - by Akshay Deep Lamba

  Problem I am trying to understand how SQL Server communicates on the network, because I'm having to tell my networking team what ports to open up on the firewall for an edge web server to communicate back to the SQL Server on the inside. What do I need to know? Solution In order to understand what needs to be opened where, let's first talk briefly about the two main protocols that are in common use today: TCP - Transmission Control Protocol UDP - User Datagram Protocol Both are part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. We'll start with TCP. TCP TCP is the main protocol by which clients communicate with SQL Server. Actually, it is more correct to say that clients and SQL Server use Tabular Data Stream (TDS), but TDS actually sits on top of TCP and when we're talking about Windows and firewalls and other networking devices, that's the protocol that rules and controls are built around. So we'll just speak in terms of TCP. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. What that means is that the two systems negotiate the connection and both agree to it. Think of it like a phone call. While one person initiates the phone call, the other person has to agree to take it and both people can end the phone call at any time. TCP is the same way. Both systems have to agree to the communications, but either side can end it at any time. In addition, there is functionality built into TCP to ensure that all communications can be disassembled and reassembled as necessary so it can pass over various network devices and be put together again properly in the right order. It also has mechanisms to handle and retransmit lost communications. Because of this functionality, TCP is the protocol used by many different network applications. The way the applications all can share is through the use of ports. When a service, like SQL Server, comes up on a system, it must listen on a port. For a default SQL Server instance, the default port is 1433. Clients connect to the port via the TCP protocol, the connection is negotiated and agreed to, and then the two sides can transfer information as needed until either side decides to end the communication. In actuality, both sides will have a port to use for the communications, but since the client's port is typically determined semi-randomly, when we're talking about firewalls and the like, typically we're interested in the port the server or service is using. UDP UDP, unlike TCP, is not connection oriented. A "client" can send a UDP communications to anyone it wants. There's nothing in place to negotiate a communications connection, there's nothing in the protocol itself to coordinate order of communications or anything like that. If that's needed, it's got to be handled by the application or by a protocol built on top of UDP being used by the application. If you think of TCP as a phone call, think of UDP as a postcard. I can put a postcard in the mail to anyone I want, and so long as it is addressed properly and has a stamp on it, the postal service will pick it up. Now, what happens it afterwards is not guaranteed. There's no mechanism for retransmission of lost communications. It's great for short communications that doesn't necessarily need an acknowledgement. Because multiple network applications could be communicating via UDP, it uses ports, just like TCP. The SQL Browser or the SQL Server Listener Service uses UDP. Network Communications - Talking to SQL Server When an instance of SQL Server is set up, what TCP port it listens on depends. A default instance will be set up to listen on port 1433. A named instance will be set to a random port chosen during installation. In addition, a named instance will be configured to allow it to change that port dynamically. What this means is that when a named instance starts up, if it finds something already using the port it normally uses, it'll pick a new port. If you have a named instance, and you have connections coming across a firewall, you're going to want to use SQL Server Configuration Manager to set a static port. This will allow the networking and security folks to configure their devices for maximum protection. While you can change the network port for a default instance of SQL Server, most people don't. Network Communications - Finding a SQL Server When just the name is specified for a client to connect to SQL Server, for instance, MySQLServer, this is an attempt to connect to the default instance. In this case the client will automatically attempt to communicate to port 1433 on MySQLServer. If you've switched the port for the default instance, you'll need to tell the client the proper port, usually by specifying the following syntax in the connection string: <server>,<port>. For instance, if you moved SQL Server to listen on 14330, you'd use MySQLServer,14330 instead of just MySQLServer. However, because a named instance sets up its port dynamically by default, the client never knows at the outset what the port is it should talk to. That's what the SQL Browser or the SQL Server Listener Service (SQL Server 2000) is for. In this case, the client sends a communication via the UDP protocol to port 1434. It asks, "Where is the named instance?" So if I was running a named instance called SQL2008R2, it would be asking the SQL Browser, "Hey, how do I talk to MySQLServer\SQL2008R2?" The SQL Browser would then send back a communications from UDP port 1434 back to the client telling the client how to talk to the named instance. Of course, you can skip all of this of you set that named instance's port statically. Then you can use the <server>,<port> mechanism to connect and the client won't try to talk to the SQL Browser service. It'll simply try to make the connection. So, for instance, is the SQL2008R2 instance was listening on port 20080, specifying MySQLServer,20080 would attempt a connection to the named instance. Network Communications - Named Pipes Named pipes is an older network library communications mechanism and it's generally not used any longer. It shouldn't be used across a firewall. However, if for some reason you need to connect to SQL Server with it, this protocol also sits on top of TCP. Named Pipes is actually used by the operating system and it has its own mechanism within the protocol to determine where to route communications. As far as network communications is concerned, it listens on TCP port 445. This is true whether we're talking about a default or named instance of SQL Server. The Summary Table To put all this together, here is what you need to know: Type of Communication Protocol Used Default Port Finding a SQL Server or SQL Server Named Instance UDP 1434 Communicating with a default instance of SQL Server TCP 1433 Communicating with a named instance of SQL Server TCP * Determined dynamically at start up Communicating with SQL Server via Named Pipes TCP 445

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• Caching issue with Centos forwarding DNS server

  - by Paddington

  I installed a Forwarding DNS server on Centos 5.10 and it is resolving addresses e.g google.com. When I stopped named (service named stop) and tried to dig (dig @localhost A google.com) there was a failure to resolve the address. I checked and see the caching daemon nscd is running. Does this mean the server is not caching at all? How can I get it to cache? named.conf options { // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port // randomization // query-source port 53; // query-source-v6 port 53; // Put files that named is allowed to write in the data/ directory: listen-on port 53 {127.0.0.1; 10.0.0.4;}; directory "/var/named"; // the default dump-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; // allow-query {localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; 10.0.0.0/8;}; recursion yes; //allow-query { localhost; 10.0.0.0/8;}; allow-query { localhost; any; }; allow-query-cache { localhost; any; }; forward only; forwarders {8.8.8.8; 8.8.4.4;}; dnssec-enable yes; // dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ // bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; // managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; **

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• Is it possible to write a program that pipes the sound from one computer through the sound card of another?

  - by Kenneth

  I have a case where I need to use one computer's sound card to play sound but I want the sound to be generated at another computer that's on the same network as the other. Ideally the program that does this would only run on the computer that was generating the sound, though I'm fairly certain that isn't possible based on the research I have been doing. What ever I do with it though the solution would need to be such that the computer actually playing the sound would be secure. Thanks for any input.

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• Can a named (bind) crash make a server unreachable?

  - by giorgio79

  My server recently became unreachable, and after restart a named error was the last line I found in /var/log/messages before restart: Jun 26 00:15:06 host named[1303]: error (network unreachable) resolving 'dlv.isc.org/DNSKEY/IN': 2001:500:71::29#53 Jun 26 06:38:55 host kernel: imklog 5.8.10, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Jun 26 06:38:55 host rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.10" x-pid="1294" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start Jun 26 06:38:55 host kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Can a named crash make a server unreachable? I doubt it, as I assume I should still be able to login with ssh via IP, but the server did not respond...So, I am trying to make heavy guesses here.

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