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• Solaris: What is the difference between .so and .so.1 files?

  - by Rob Goretsky

  I am trying to understand how/why certain library files are dynamically loaded by the linker on Solaris. I am using ldd to see this (with the -s switch to see what paths are tried by the linker). As an example, if I run "ldd /usr/local/bin/isql -s" I notice that one of the libraries that is searched for is called "libodbc.so.1". I notice that this does NOT match a file it finds along the way called "libodbc.so". So, it finally resolves to a place where there is a symbolic link between "libodbc.so.1.0.0" and "libodbc.so.1". My question is - what is the significance of the ".1" here? Is it to indicate a version number? Why do some installers create these symbolic links, while others don't?

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• Title: Better logging for cronjob output

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I am looking for a better way to log cronjobs. Most cronjobs tend to spam email or the console, get ignored, or create yet another logfile. In this case, I have a Nagios NSCA script which sends data to a central Nagios sever. This send_nsca script also prints a single status line to STDOUT, indicating success or failure. 0 * * * * root /usr/local/nagios/sbin/nsca_check_disk This emails the following message to root@localhost, which is then forwarded to my team of sysadmins. Spam. forwarded nsca_check_disk: 1 data packet(s) sent to host successfully. I'm looking for a log method which: Doesn't spam the messages to email or the console Don't create yet another krufty logfile which requires cleanup months or years later. Capture the log information somewhere, so it can be viewed later if desired. Works on most unixes Fits into an existing log infrastructure. Uses common syslog conventions like 'facility' Some of these are third party scripts, and don't always do logging internally.

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• Cron process not starting

  - by vkris

  I have an ec2 image created with cron jobs. These jobs fail to run; I discovered the cron process in itself has not started. So, I included /usr/sbin/cron in /etc/rc.d/rc.local and created another image. But still for some reason the cron process does not start on bootup. If I restart the machine, the cron process runs. It doesn't run when it boots up! Any reason why this is happening? Also, is there any other alternatives for this ?

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• Xorg configuration file on Debian Testing

  - by nubicurio

  I cannot find the Xorg configuration file on my newly installed Debian on my tablet-pc, so I followed this tutorial http://wiki.debian.org/Xorg and ran the command "Xorg -configure", to which I got the following error messages: (EE) Failed to load module "vmwgfx" (module does not exist, 0) (EE) vmware: Please ignore the above warnings about not being able to load module/driver vmwgfx (++) Using config file: "/root/xorg.conf.new" (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d" FATAL: Module fbcon not found. Number of created screens does not match number of detected devices. Configuration failed. Dose anyone know what this means and how I should proceed? Why is there a warning about vmware, and what is this fbcon module?

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• How to Extending a logical volume in WMWare

  - by Mercer

  down vote favorite i have a CentOS 6.3 into my Virtual Machine. I have 2 Disk: Disk#1 = 18G Disk#2 = 20G [root@vm ~]# df -h Filesystem Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_root 1008M 250M 708M 27% / tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 31M 154M 17% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_home 504M 17M 462M 4% /home /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_opt 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /opt /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_grid 6.9G 2.5G 4.1G 38% /opt/grid /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_oracle 6.9G 144M 6.4G 3% /opt/oracle /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_tmp 2.8G 71M 2.6G 3% /tmp /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_usr 2.5G 1.6G 799M 67% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_var 2.0G 278M 1.6G 15% /var So i want to extend my /tmp and my /opt/oracle like this: 10Go in/tmp 13Go in /opt/oracle Thx.

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• Compiling Apache 2.2.11 on AIX 6.1, .so files not genereated

  - by user176514

  I am compiling Apache 2 (2.2.11 yeh, Its old...but its a requirement) on AIX 6.1 with GCC 4.2.0. I am using the configure options: ./configure \ --enable-module=rewrite\ --enable-module=log_referer\ --with-included-apr \ --enable-proxy \ --enable-ssl=shared \ --with-ssl=/usr \ --prefix=/PATH/apache \ --enable-so \ --enable-mods-shared="proxy proxy_http proxy_connect headers mod_proxy mod_ssl" The configure, followed by the make/make install processes all run without error of any kind. However, when I look int he modules directory for the /PATH/modules directory there are no .so files created. Sadly because of the nature of what I am doing, and the business I am in, I am locked into the software versions as described.

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• Creating a command that compress a file and save it on a usb, but cannot detect the usb in linux.

  - by Lance

  First of all I can't detect the USB on linux using the command line. I check the directory dev and still cannot find the usb. used the df command to check the usb. I plug and typed df and then unplug and typed df again and nothing changed. We are using a server(telnet) to use the command line of linux on a windows 7 OS. The second problem I have is how can I execute the bash script that I have made. It seems that I cant put my .sh file in /usr/bin/ I would like to make my command executable in all directories like a normal command. Sorry, im still newbie at this things. This is what I get on staying on Windows too much. Sorry for my english. Thank you in advance.

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• Executing a command as apache

  - by Lord Loh.

  This script keeps outputting a 1. and I cannot understand why. <?php passthru("nohup sudo rndc reload sd.example.com",$op); print_r($op); ?> I have also tried the above code without the nohup. I have the following line in my sudoers file apache ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/rndc reload sd.example.com Just to test, temporally, I allowed apache a shell, logged in as apache by sudo su apache and successfully managed to execute sudo rndc reload sd.example.com. I do not see any error message in my log files wither. What could I be possibly doing wrong? None of the similar threads have pointed me to anything that solved my problem or debug it.

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• Permission denied in Ubuntu

  - by gcc

  I have a file which includes new icons for my system. Anyway, How can I change my old icons down with new ones? The name of the new icon pack is "myFAV-TUX" and it's sitting on my desktop. The problem is, I can't copy them into the usr/share/icons/ folder. It says, permission denied. I also tried ls -l .... But i couldn't do it. How can I change the icon theme? Please help.

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• Do best-practices say to restrict the usage of /var to sudoers?

  - by NewAlexandria

  I wrote a package, and would like to use /var to persist some data. The data I'm storing would perhaps even be thought of as an addition for /var/db. The pattern I observe is that files in /var/db, and the surrounds, are owned by root. The primary (intended) use of the package filters cron jobs - meaning you would need permissions to edit the crontab. Should I presume a sudo install of the package? Should I have the package gracefully degrade to a /usr subdir, and if so then which one? If I 'opinionate' that any non-sudo install requires a configrc (with paths), where should the package look (presuming a shared-host environment) for that config file? Incidentally, this package is a ruby gem, and you can find it here.

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• 500 internal server error php long running process

  - by Sabirul Mostofa

  I am trying to run a long php process and it ends with the 500 internal server error. It executes fine for about 8 mins. I have rebooted the machine after changing the php settings. PHP Config: max_execution_time: 3600 After around 10 mins ps ax|grep php: 19007 ? S 0:08 /usr/bin/php /home/gypsy/public_html/index.php I have set the ignore_user_abort true. The process gets stuck at 00:08 min and isn't executed further. Apache error log shows the error: Script timed out before returning headers: index.php It seems somehow the max_execution_time isn't working. Any suggestion would be a great help.

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• Unable to login into CentOS

  - by Rendl

  I had setup a multinode cluster using CentOS with VMware yesterday. Today when I reboot the nodes I get the below error on startup. "there is a problem with the configuration server status 256 centOS" (/usr/libexec/gconf-sanity-check-2 ) I am unable to login as root or any user as the screen is frozen. The solutions online is to change the permissions for some tmp files. My problem is I am unable to access the terminal as I cannot login. Also on reboot I do not have any recovery options in CentOS. I only see command line GRUB. I am new to linux and Hadoop.Pls help asap.

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• LDAP loginShell on platforms with different paths

  - by neoice

  I'm using LDAP to deal with users and authentication across my network. I'm now adding FreeBSD hosts and have hit a problem with login shells. on Linux, shells tend to be in /bin/$shellname, so setting my login shell in LDAP to /bin/zsh works perfectly. on FreeBSD, /bin/zsh doesnt exist, I need to use /usr/local/bin/zsh. is there a solution to this? I imagine I might be able to make some sort of login-shell.sh script that LDAP passes out as the "shell" and then use the script to determine the actual shell for the user, but I'm not a fan of that idea. I'm using Debian and FreeBSD, both with a standard OpenLDAP/PAM/nss setup. edit: it looks like using /bin/sh and adding an exec $shell to .profile would "work", but that doesnt scale very well.

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• How to limit server to specific IP addresses with mod_authz_host?

  - by BeeDog

  Hi! I am very new to this area, so please bear with me. :) Right now I am running an Apache HTTP server on my setup, a very basic configuration. The website hosted on it is accessible from anywhere, and I want to limit the access to a specific IP address range. I've looked into this and I found that one Apache module called mod_authz_host handles this. http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_authz_host.html The problem is, I haven't managed to find documentation that explains well how to actually do the stuff. How do I actually make sure only a certain range of IP addresses can access my site/server? The machine is running Ubuntu Server 10.10, the web files are stored in /var/www/, the apache2 daemon has its stuff stored in /etc/apache2/ and /usr/lib/apache2/modules/*. Thanks in advance, and sorry if this is a stupid question!

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• Are you able to specify a the profile you want to use in pfexec?

  - by jigjig

  Are you able to specify which profile you want to use for a given user when using pfexec who has been assigned multiple profiles? One example for this use is so that we can execute a command as a different user within the same process. In exec_attr, you are able to specify the uid/gid that will be used to execute a particular command as in the following example entry: Name Service Security:suser:cmd:::/usr/sbin/rpc.nsid:uid=0;gid=0 The above profile will use the super user (uid=0) to execute the rpc.nsid command. In user_attr, you can specify multiple profiles as below: testuser::::type=normal;profiles=Name Service Security,Object Access Management Can you then specify directly to use the Object Access Management profile to pfexec?

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• Debian - Can't stop MySQL; permissions?

  - by anon

  I just tried to upgrade from debian squeeze to unstable by replacing 'squeeze' with 'unstable' in /etc/apt/sources.list. The upgrade went smoothly except for mysql, which failed because it couldn't stop mysql. /etc/init.d/mysql stop simply returns that it failed, but if I try to get the status with /etc/init.d/mysql status it gives me this error: me@debian:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql status /usr/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed error: 'Access denied for user 'debian-sys-maint'@'localhost' (using password: YES)' . mysql is running fine, and I checked the permissions for debian-sys-maint in phpmyadmin and it's allowed to do everything, but only connect from 'localhost.'

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• What does *:* in netstat output stands for?

  - by chello

  While executing the command /usr/sbin/lsof -l -i -P -n under root user, I am getting this output. COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME ... httpd 9164 70 3u IPv4 0x2f70270 0t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9010 (LISTEN) httpd 9164 70 4u IPv6 0x25af4bc 0t0 TCP *:80 (LISTEN) httpd 9164 70 5u IPv4 0x3149e64 0t0 TCP *:* (CLOSED) httpd 9180 70 3u IPv4 0x2f70270 0t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9010 (LISTEN) httpd 9180 70 4u IPv6 0x25af4bc 0t0 TCP *:80 (LISTEN) httpd 9180 70 5u IPv4 0x3149e64 0t0 TCP *:* (CLOSED) Please let me know what does *:* stands for? I am interested to know both the ipaddress and port fields. Also what does (CLOSED) mean here?

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• What's the best way to install mod-wsgi for a specific version of python (2.7) on Debian (squeeze)?

  - by Pascal Polleunus

  System info: Debian Squeeze Python versions: 2.6.6 (default) & 2.7.2 mod-wsgi: 3.3-2 in /usr/lib/apache2/modules: mod_wsgi.so -> mod_wsgi.so-2.6 mod_wsgi.so-2.5 mod_wsgi.so-2.6 I've a virtualenv configured with Python 2.7 but my application runs 2.6.6, apparently because mod-wsgi is using the default version of the system. The way to go seems to configure mod-wsgi to use 2.7 (i.e. system-wide, not specific to a virtualenv). How can I install mod_wsgi.so-2.7? After installing that, I'll just have to change the symlink mod_wsgi.so to mod_wsgi.so-2.7.

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• puppet onlyif specified nodes

  - by Valintinr

  I'm trying to write a puppet template. I have a puppet-master and a few puppet-agents and they all must be divided. I think it's good to do this by the node's hostname. But when I tried to do this I've encountered an error "puppet-agent[169037]: (/Stage[main]//Exec[adduser]) Could not evaluate: Could not find command 'ru1'" see code below exec { 'adduser': command => 'sudo adduser -m -p pawSfQewWrUAA test -G wheel', path => [ '/bin','/usr/bin' ], onlyif => "$hostname == ru1" } I need to specify this task for only one node with the hostname ru1. So have can I do this? Thanks.

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• Apache log lines contain "..."

  - by mtah

  We have a custom log line format for Apache logs which are analyzed. CustomLog "|/usr/sbin/rotatelogs -l /mnt/var/log/apache2/access-%Y%m%d%H%M%S.log 900" "%a %{%s}t \"%r\"" However, some log lines are mysteriously shortened with "..." for some reason, but how can this be? The shortest length line discovered where this occurs is 317 chars while the longest line is way over 2000 chars. "GET /exposure?sg=&ap=0x0&fv=WIN%2010,0,22,87&si=IH95VDUAVLJ0&pt=Lage%20hjemmelaget%20sengegavl%20-%20Forum%20-%20Diskusjon.no&iv=0&sd=1024x600&ct=680&tz=-120&eu=http%3A//www.diskusjon.no/index.php%3Fshowtopic%3D1011139&l...AS3&an=NO%20-%20180x500%20Pretail%20CPC&wd=1024x483&rf=http%3A//www.google.no/search%3Fhl%3Dno%26source%3Dhp%26q%3Dsengegavl+lage%26meta%3D%26aq%3D2%26aqi%3Dg10%26aql%3D%26oq%3Dsengega%26gs_rfai%3D&ui=3INYF5QAZL10&ws=0x417&ad=180x500&sa= HTTP/1.1"

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• init.d service died

  - by jerluc

  Adapting some code from a linux forum, I've added a service script to /etc/init.d on my ubuntu natty server to start/stop/restart node.js It literally was working the first day I made it, but then today, after viewing my website this morning, the server threw a 404, and upon further inspection, the node.js process was gone. So I went to start the service again, only this time, node.js didn't start at all, and ever since I haven't been able to get my service script working. Below is the entire script: #!/bin/sh # # Node Server Startup # case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting node: " daemon node /usr/local/www/server.js echo touch /var/lock/subsys/node ;; stop) echo -n "Shutting down node: " killall node echo rm -f /var/lock/subsys/node rm -f /var/run/node.pid ;; status) status node ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; reload) echo -n "Reloading node: " killall node -HUP echo ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status}" exit 1 esac exit 0 Thanks for any help!

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• How do I debug an upstart job?

  - by Cerales

  I have the following job in /etc/init/collector: start on runlevel [2345] stop on runlevel [!2345] expect daemon exec /usr/bin/twistd -y /path/to/my/tac/file When I start the job with sudo service collector start, it hangs. If I ctrl-c and run initctl list, I see this: collector start/killed, process 616 I can't see an instance of the twistd daemon in ps, and the HTTP server it's supposed to be providing does not exist. I even tried this without 'expect daemon' and with a simple call to a one-line bash script using a script stanza, and it still doesn't work. I think I'm doing something very wrong. What could it be?

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• Firewall blocks outgoing email

  - by Martin Trigaux

  On my Debian server running a Django website, I have an error when I need to send an email. The error received is Exception Type: gaierror Exception Value: [Errno -2] Name or service not known Exception Location: /usr/lib/python2.6/socket.py in create_connection, line 547 You can see the full error log here. After testing, it seems it is my firewall that blocks the request. You can see my iptable file (/etc/init.d/firewall). I think the problem comes from the two commented lines that were supposed to accepts all established connections. When I uncomment them, I have an error iptables: No chain/target/match by that name. Thank you

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• "Reset" colors of terminal after ssh exit/logout

  - by dgo.a

  When I ssh into a remote server, I like the colors of the terminal to change. I use setterm on my remote ~/.bashrc file to get this done. However, when I exit, the terminal colors are not reset to the local ones. I solved the problem, but I am not sure if it is the best solution. This is what I could come up with. On the ~/.bash_logout on the remote server, I put: echo -e "\033[0m" /usr/bin/clear Just out of curiousity: Does anyone know of a better way? (I got the echo -e "\033[0m" line from http://edoceo.com/liber/linux-bash-shell)

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• Apache httpd + FreeTDS hangs until restarted

  - by Jordan Reiter

  Every so often requests to a Linux server (say, linux.example.org) where the web app (Django) pulls in data from a SQL Server database via FreeTDS will hang. Requests on other servers pointing to the database still work, as do requests on linux.example.org that use local MySQL databases. Only the server plus FreeTDS appear to be affected. Restarting httpd makes the database connections work correctly again. What could cause this problem? Using: Centos 5.9 freetds 0.91 Apache httpd 2.2.3 /etc/obdc.ini: [DSN] Description = SQL Server 2005 Driver = FreeTDS ;Database = dbname Servername = SERVERNAME ;TDS_Version = 8.0 /etc/freetds.conf: [SERVERNAME] driver = /usr/lib64/libtdsodbc.so host = db.example.org port = 1433 tds version = 8.0 client charset = UTF-8

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