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• Mono through FastCGI on nginx

  - by Stijn

  I'm going through http://www.mono-project.com/FastCGI_Nginx and can't get it to work. The FastCGI server seems to be running. The following is from the error log: upstream sent unexpected FastCGI record: 3 while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.1.125, server: arch, request: "GET /Default.aspx HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "arch" Command used to start the server (I've tried server2 and server4, using a simple .NET 2.0 or .NET 4.0 project): fastcgi-mono-server2 /applications=arch:/:/var/www/test/public/ /socket=tcp:127.0.0.1:9000 /stopable=True nginx config: server { listen 80; server_name arch; access_log /var/www/test/log/access.log; error_log /var/www/test/log/error.log; location / { root /var/www/test/public; index index.html index.htm default.aspx Default.aspx; fastcgi_index Default.aspx; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO ""; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } } Using xsp4 works fine, I can browse the site. I've enabled FastCGI logging, this is the output: [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Accepting an incoming connection. [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Notice Beginning to receive records on connection. [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Record received. (Type: BeginRequest, ID: 1, Length: 8) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Record received. (Type: Params, ID: 1, Length: 386) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Record received. (Type: Params, ID: 1, Length: 0) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (PATH_INFO = ) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (SCRIPT_FILENAME = /var/www/test/public/Home) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_HOST = arch) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_USER_AGENT = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:11.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/11.0) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_ACCEPT = text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = en-gb,en;q=0.5) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING = gzip, deflate) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_CONNECTION = keep-alive) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Read parameter. (HTTP_COOKIE = ASP.NET_SessionId=2C3D702C9B0F23F69B80820B) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Error Failed to process connection. Reason: Argument cannot be null. Parameter name: s [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug Record sent. (Type: EndRequest, ID: 1, Length: 8) [2012-04-15 23:51:18Z] Debug The FastCGI connection has been closed.

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• Bind9 virtual subdomains

  - by Steffan

  I am trying to setup virtual subdomains using Bind9, following this tutorial.. http://groups.drupal.org/node/16862 which I've completed. Basically setting up the zone and modifying the resolv.conf file and the named.conf.local file. I've gotten everything to work, and I am able to from my server ping mydomain.com , test.mydomain.com and when i do a dig I get the following.. ; <<>> DiG 9.7.0-P1 <<>> test.mydomain.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32606 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;test.mydomain.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: test.mydomain.com. 86400 IN A 174.###.###.# ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mydomain.com. 86400 IN NS mydomain.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: mydomain.com. 86400 IN A 174.###.###.# ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jan 19 21:06:01 2011 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 86 So it looks like everything is working. However, when I try and do test.mydomain.com in the browser, expecting it to default for now to mydomain.com it does not work and I get a server not found page in Firefox. I did read elsewhere that in your virutalhosts file you also need to setup a *.mydomain.com alias, but that didn't fix anything. Any other information that I could provide to help troubleshoot, or any troubleshooting suggestions? I am using Ubuntu 10.4, with typical LAMP setup. The only other things installed on the server are Bind9 and ftp client.

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• Linux buffer cache effect on IO writes?

  - by Patrick LeBoutillier

  I'm copying large files (3 x 30G) between 2 filesystems on a Linux server (kernel 2.6.37, 16 cores, 32G RAM) and I'm getting poor performance. I suspect that the usage of the buffer cache is killing the I/O performance. To try and narrow down the problem I used fio directly on the SAS disk to monitor the performance. Here is the output of 2 fio runs (the first with direct=1, the second one direct=0): Config: [test] rw=write blocksize=32k size=20G filename=/dev/sda # direct=1 Run 1: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/205M /s] [0/6K iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4667 write: io=20,480MB, bw=199MB/s, iops=6,381, runt=102698msec clat (usec): min=104, max=13,388, avg=152.06, stdev=72.43 bw (KB/s) : min=192448, max=213824, per=100.01%, avg=204232.82, stdev=4084.67 cpu : usr=3.37%, sys=16.55%, ctx=655410, majf=0, minf=29 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 250=99.50%, 500=0.45%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=199MB/s, minb=204MB/s, maxb=204MB/s, mint=102698msec, maxt=102698msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=0/655238, merge=0/0, ticks=0/79552, in_queue=78640, util=76.55% Run 2: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/0K /s] [0/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4733 write: io=20,480MB, bw=91,265KB/s, iops=2,852, runt=229786msec clat (usec): min=16, max=127K, avg=349.53, stdev=4694.98 bw (KB/s) : min=56013, max=1390016, per=101.47%, avg=92607.31, stdev=167453.17 cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=6.93%, ctx=21128, majf=0, minf=33 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 20=5.53%, 50=93.89%, 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.12% lat (msec): 100=0.38%, 250=0.04% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=91,265KB/s, minb=93,455KB/s, maxb=93,455KB/s, mint=229786msec, maxt=229786msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=8/79811, merge=7/7721388, ticks=9/32418456, in_queue=32471983, util=98.98% I'm not knowledgeable enough with fio to interpret the results, but I don't expect the overall performance using the buffer cache to be 50% less than with O_DIRECT. Can someone help me interpret the fio output? Are there any kernel tunings that could fix/minimize the problem? Thanks a lot,

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• How to configure nginx so it works with Express?

  - by Michal Stefanow

  I'm trying to configure nginx so it proxy_pass requests to my node apps. Question on StackOverflow got many upvotes: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5009324/node-js-nginx-and-now and I'm using config from there. (but since question is about server configuration it is supposed to be on ServerFault) Here is the nginx configuration: server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; root /var/www/services.stefanow.net/public_html; index index.html index.htm; server_name services.stefanow.net; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } location /test-express { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3002; } location /test-http { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3003; } } Using plain node: var http = require('http'); http.createServer(function (req, res) { res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end('Hello World\n'); }).listen(3003, '127.0.0.1'); console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3003/'); It works! Check: http://services.stefanow.net/test-http Using express: var express = require('express'); var app = express(); // app.get('/', function(req, res) { res.redirect('/index.html'); }); app.get('/index.html', function(req, res) { res.send("blah blah index.html"); }); app.listen(3002, "127.0.0.1"); console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3002/'); It doesn't work :( See: http://services.stefanow.net/test-express I know that something is going on. a) test-express is NOT running b) text-express is running (and I can confirm it is running via command line while ssh on the server) root@stefanow:~# service nginx restart * Restarting nginx nginx [ OK ] root@stefanow:~# curl localhost:3002 Moved Temporarily. Redirecting to /index.html root@stefanow:~# curl localhost:3002/index.html blah blah index.html I tried setting headers as described here: http://www.nginxtips.com/how-to-setup-nginx-as-proxy-for-nodejs/ (still doesn't work) proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true; I also tried replacing '127.0.0.1' with 'localhost' and vice versa Please advise. I'm pretty sure I miss some obvious detail and I would like to learn more. Thank you.

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• Linux buffer cache effect on IO writes?

  - by Patrick LeBoutillier

  Hi, I'm copying large files (3 x 30G) between 2 filesystems on a Linux server (kernel 2.6.37, 16 cores, 32G RAM) and I'm getting poor performance. I suspect that the usage of the buffer cache is killing the I/O performance. To try and narrow down the problem I used fio directly on the SAS disk to monitor the performance. Here is the output of 2 fio runs (the first with direct=1, the second one direct=0): Config: [test] rw=write blocksize=32k size=20G filename=/dev/sda # direct=1 Run 1: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/205M /s] [0/6K iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4667 write: io=20,480MB, bw=199MB/s, iops=6,381, runt=102698msec clat (usec): min=104, max=13,388, avg=152.06, stdev=72.43 bw (KB/s) : min=192448, max=213824, per=100.01%, avg=204232.82, stdev=4084.67 cpu : usr=3.37%, sys=16.55%, ctx=655410, majf=0, minf=29 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 250=99.50%, 500=0.45%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=199MB/s, minb=204MB/s, maxb=204MB/s, mint=102698msec, maxt=102698msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=0/655238, merge=0/0, ticks=0/79552, in_queue=78640, util=76.55% Run 2: test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=32K-32K/32K-32K, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1 Starting 1 process Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/0K /s] [0/0 iops] [eta 00m:00s] test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4733 write: io=20,480MB, bw=91,265KB/s, iops=2,852, runt=229786msec clat (usec): min=16, max=127K, avg=349.53, stdev=4694.98 bw (KB/s) : min=56013, max=1390016, per=101.47%, avg=92607.31, stdev=167453.17 cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=6.93%, ctx=21128, majf=0, minf=33 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0% submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0% issued r/w: total=0/655360, short=0/0 lat (usec): 20=5.53%, 50=93.89%, 100=0.02%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01% lat (msec): 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.12% lat (msec): 100=0.38%, 250=0.04% Run status group 0 (all jobs): WRITE: io=20,480MB, aggrb=91,265KB/s, minb=93,455KB/s, maxb=93,455KB/s, mint=229786msec, maxt=229786msec Disk stats (read/write): sda: ios=8/79811, merge=7/7721388, ticks=9/32418456, in_queue=32471983, util=98.98% I'm not knowledgeable enough with fio to interpret the results, but I don't expect the overall performance using the buffer cache to be 50% less than with O_DIRECT. Can someone help me interpret the fio output? Are there any kernel tunings that could fix/minimize the problem? Thanks a lot,

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• SMTP for multiple domains on virtual interfaces

  - by Pawel Goscicki

  The setup is like this (Ubuntu 9.10): eth0: 1.1.1.1 name.isp.com eth0:0 2.2.2.2 example2.com eth0:1 3.3.3.3 example3.com example2.com and example3.com are web apps which need to send emails to their users. 2.2.2.2 points to example2.com and vice-versa (A/PTR). MX - Google. Google handles all incoming mail. 3.3.3.3 points to example3.com and vice-versa (A/PTR). MX - Google. Google handles all incoming mail. Requirements: Local delivery must be disabled (must deliver to MX specified server), so that the following works (note that there is no local user bob on the machine, but there is an existing bob email user): echo "Test" | mail -s "Test 6" [email protected] I need to be able to specify from which IP/domain name the email is delivered when sending an email. I fought with sendmail. With not much luck. Here's some debug info: sendmail -d0.12 -bt < /dev/null Canonical name: name.isp.com UUCP nodename: host a.k.a.: example2.com a.k.a.: example3.com ... Sendmail always uses canonical name (taken from eth0). I've found no way for it to select one of the UUCP codenames. It uses it for sending email: echo -e "To: [email protected]\nSubject: Test\nTest\n" | sendmail -bm -t -v [email protected]... Connecting to [127.0.0.1] via relay... 220 name.isp.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.3/8.14.3/Debian-9ubuntu1; Wed, 31 Mar 2010 16:33:55 +0200; (No UCE/UBE) logging access from: localhost(OK)-localhost [127.0.0.1] >>> EHLO name.isp.com I'm ok with other SMTP solutions. I've looked briefly at nbsmtp, msmtp and nullmailer but I'm not sure thay can deal with disabling local delivery and selecting different domains when sending emails. I also know about spoofing sender field by using mail -a "From: <[email protected]>" but it seems to be a half-solution (mails are still sent from isp.com domain instead of proper example2.com, so PTR records are unused and there's more risk of being flagged as spam/spammer).

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• Sendmail SMART_HOST not working

  - by daniel

  Hello, I've defined SMART_HOST to be a specific server, lets call it foo.bar.com. However, when I send a test mail using 'sendmail -t', sendmail tries to use mx.bar.com, which subsequently rejects my mail. I've verified that foo.bar.com works and that mx.bar.com does not work (yay telnet). I've recompiled sendmail.mc vi make, make -C and m4. I've verified the DS entry in sendmail.cf. I've restarted sendmail correctly. I'm not sure how to proceed at this point. Any ideas? Here is my SMART_HOST line: define(SMART_HOST',foo.bar.com')dnl ...and here is the result of a test mail. It never tries to use foo.bar.com, instead it uses mx.bar.com. $ echo subject: test; echo | sendmail -Am -v -flocaluser -- [email protected] subject: test [email protected]... Connecting to mx.bar.com via relay... 220 mx.bar.com ESMTP >>> EHLO myhost.bar.com 250-mx.bar.com 250-8BITMIME 250 SIZE 52428800 >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> SIZE=1 250 sender <[email protected]> ok >>> RCPT To:<[email protected]> 550 #5.1.0 Address rejected. >>> RSET 250 reset localuser... Connecting to local... localuser... Sent Closing connection to mx.bar.com. >>> QUIT 221 mx.bar.com And last, here is a test mail sent using foo.bar.com: $ hostname myhost.bar.com $ telnet foo.bar.com 25 Trying ***.***.***.***... Connected to foo.bar.com (***.***.***.***). Escape character is '^]'. 220 foo.bar.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.1/8.14.1/ITS-7.0/ldap2-1+tls; Tue, 21 Dec 2010 13:27:44 -0700 (MST) helo foo 250 foo.bar.com Hello myhost.bar.com [***.***.***.***], pleased to meet you mail from: [email protected] 250 2.1.0 [email protected]... Sender ok rcpt to: [email protected] 250 2.1.5 [email protected]... Recipient ok data 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself testing . 250 2.0.0 oBLKRikZ003758 Message accepted for delivery quit 221 2.0.0 foo.bar.com closing connection Connection closed by foreign host. Any ideas? Thanks

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• multiple puppet masters set up using inventory

  - by Oli

  I have managed to set up multiple puppet masters with one puppet master acting as a CA and clients are able to get a certificate from this CA server but use their designated puppet master to get their manifests. See this question for more info.. multiple puppet masters. However, there are a couple of things I have had to do to get this working correctly and have an error which I'll get to. First of all, to get inventory working for a puppet-client (PC) connecting to its designated puppet-master (PM), I had to copy the CA certs on PM1 to the PM2 ca directory. I ran this command: scp root@puppet-master1.test.net:/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/* root@puppet-master2.test.net:/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/. Once i have done that, I was able to uncomment the SSLCertificateChainFile, SSLCACertificateFile & SSLCARevocationFile section of my rack.conf VH file on the PM2. Once I had done this, inventory started to work. Does this sound an acceptable way to do things? Secondly, in the puppet.conf file, I am setting the designated PM server for that client. Unless there is a better way, this is how it'll work in my production setup. So PC1 will talk to PM1 and PC2 will talk to PM2. This is where I have an error. When PC2 first requests a cert from the CA on PM1, the cert appears and then I sign the cert on the CA on PM1. When I then do a puppet agent --test on PC2 (which has server = PM2 in puppet.conf), I get this error: Warning: Unable to fetch my node definition, but the agent run will continue: Warning: Error 403 on SERVER: Forbidden request: puppet-master2.test.net(10.1.1.161) access to /certificate_revocation_list/ca [find] at :112 However, if I change the PC2 puppet.conf file and specify server = PM1 and the rerun puppet agent --test, i do not get any errors. I can then revert the change in the puppet.conf file back to server = PM2 and everything seems to run normally. Do I have to set up some kind of ProxyPassMatch on PM2 for requests made from clients to /certificate_revocation_list/* and redirect them to PM1? Or how can I fix this error? Cheers, Oli

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• hyperv machine guest loads slow

  - by Dani Avni

  this is by far one of the strangest things I have seen. I have a win 2008R2 cluster with a CSV. the CSV itself is on an iSCSI storage (hitachi HUS 110) basic config of the two hosts in the cluster is Dell R610 Win 2008 R2 with all patches 64GB 1 NIC for host access 2 NICs for guest access 2 NICs for iSCSI these machine work great and I can load a 2008R2 test guest machine on them in less than 90 seconds after the above config is running for over a year, I now need to add a new host. now the host is Dell R620 (Still intel but different CPU) Win 2008 R2 with all patches 64GB 1 NIC for host access 2 NICs for guest access 2 NICs for iSCSI I added this new host to the domain and to the cluster, I gave it access to the CSV and I tried loading the same guest machine that loads in 90 seconds in the other hosts. the machine loads in about 6 minutes. no matter how many times I try this the old hosts load the machine in about 90 seconds and this new host in around 6 minutes to eliminate any problems with the iSCSI connection, I added a new LUN and directly accessed it from the new host and I was working at around 300MB/s so no problem there. I also tested the connection between the other hosts and the new one and network is working fine there too. to eliminate problems in HyperV, I copied the machine to the local disk of the new host and it loaded in less than 20 seconds. now is the point were things get a lot stranger: in my tests I tried installing a fresh windows guest machine to the CSV from the new host. I noticed that while the fresh windows was installing, my test guest was loading in less than 90 seconds even on the new host (I repeated this a few times). If I paused the fresh install guest and tried loading the test guest again it loaded in 6 minutes. and again after I resumed the guest installation the test guest loaded fast. after the fresh windows was also loaded, I ran tests loading the fresh window and my test machine. each one of them loaded in about 5 minutes when I tried loading them separately. however when I started both of them in the same time they both loaded in around 2.5 minutes it seems that the iSCSI disk access is only working if it is under some load (although I never got to above 10% utilization according to the task manager) does anyone have any idea what could be the problem?

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• Why do I sometimes get 'sh: $'\302\211 ... ': command not found' in xterm/sh?

  - by amn

  Sometimes when I simply type a valid command like 'find ...', or anything really, I get back the following, which is completely unexpected and confusing (... is command name I type): sh: $'\302\211...': command not found There is some corruption going on I think. I don't use color in my prompt, I am using the Bash shell in POSIX mode as sh (chsh to /bin/sh and so on - $SHELL is sh). What is going on and why does this keep happening? Anything I can debug? I think this is more of an xterm issue than sh, or at least a combination of the two. Files, for context: My /etc/profile, as distributed with Arch Linux x86-64: # /etc/profile #Set our umask umask 022 # Set our default path PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin" export PATH # Load profiles from /etc/profile.d if test -d /etc/profile.d/; then for profile in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do test -r "$profile" && . "$profile" done unset profile fi # Source global bash config if test "$PS1" && test "$BASH" && test -r /etc/bash.bashrc; then . /etc/bash.bashrc fi # Termcap is outdated, old, and crusty, kill it. unset TERMCAP # Man is much better than us at figuring this out unset MANPATH My /etc/shrc, which I created as a way to have sh parse some file on startup, when non-login shell. This is achieved using ENV variable set in /etc/environment with the line ENV=/etc/shrc: PS1='\u@\H \w \$ ' alias ls='ls -F --color' alias grep='grep -i --color' [ -f ~/.shrc ] && . ~/.shrc My ~/.profile, I am launching X when logging in through first virtual tty: [[ -z $DISPLAY && $XDG_VTNR -eq 1 ]] && exec xinit -- -dpi 111 My ~/.xinitc, as you can see I am using the system as a Virtual Box guest: xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources VBoxClient-all awesome & exec xterm And finally, my ~/.Xresources, no fancy stuff here I guess: *faceName: Inconsolata *faceSize: 10 xterm*VT100*translations: #override <Btn1Up>: select-end(PRIMARY, CLIPBOARD, CUT_BUFFER0) xterm*colorBDMode: true xterm*colorBD: #ff8000 xterm*cursorColor: S_red Since ~/.profile references among other things /etc/bash.bashrc, here is its content: # # /etc/bash.bashrc # # If not running interactively, don't do anything [[ $- != *i* ]] && return PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ ' PS2='> ' PS3='> ' PS4='+ ' case ${TERM} in xterm*|rxvt*|Eterm|aterm|kterm|gnome*) PROMPT_COMMAND=${PROMPT_COMMAND:+$PROMPT_COMMAND; }'printf "\033]0;%s@%s:%s\007" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"' ;; screen) PROMPT_COMMAND=${PROMPT_COMMAND:+$PROMPT_COMMAND; }'printf "\033_%s@%s:%s\033\\" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"' ;; esac [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ] && . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion I have no idea what that case statement does, by the way, it does look a bit suspicious though, but then again, who am I to know.

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• How to make Nginx fire 504 immediately is server is not available?

  - by Georgiy Ivankin

  I have Nginx set up as a load balancer with cookie-based stickiness. The logic is: If the cookie is NOT there, use round-robbing to choose a server from cluster. If the cookie is there, go to the server that is associated with the cookie value. Server is then responsible for setting the cookie. What I want to add is this: If the cookie is there, but server is down, fallback to round-robbing step to choose next available server. So actually I have load balancing and want to add failover support on top of it. I have managed to do that with the help of error_page directive, but it doesn't work as I expected it to. The problem: 504 (and the fallback associated with it) fires only after 30s timeout even if the server is not physically available. So what I want Nginx to do is fire a 504 (or any other error, doesn't matter) immediately (I suppose this means: when TCP connection fails). This is the behavior we can see in browsers: if we go directly to server when it is down, browser immediately tells us that it can't connect. Moreover, Nginx seems to be doing this for 502 error: if I intentionally misconfigure my servers, Nginx fires 502 immediately. Configuration (stripped down to basics): http { upstream my_cluster { server 192.168.73.210:1337; server 192.168.73.210:1338; } map $cookie_myCookie $http_sticky_backend { default 0; value1 192.168.73.210:1337; value2 192.168.73.210:1338; } server { listen 8080; location @fallback { proxy_pass http://my_cluster; } location / { error_page 504 = @fallback; # Create a map of choices # see https://gist.github.com/jrom/1760790 set $test HTTP; if ($http_sticky_backend) { set $test "${test}-STICKY"; } if ($test = HTTP-STICKY) { proxy_pass http://$http_sticky_backend$uri?$args; break; } if ($test = HTTP) { proxy_pass http://my_cluster; break; } return 500 "Misconfiguration"; } } } Disclaimer: I am pretty far from systems administration of any kind, so there may be some basics that I miss here. EDIT: I'm interested in solution with standard free version of Nginx, not Nginx Plus. Thanks.

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• OSS4 on Debian Squeeze

  - by mit

  Hi, I am trying to get OSS4 to work on a Debian Squeeze 64 bit machine with an usb sound adapter. There is no sound from this adapter at the present, although it worked just before on the previous installation. You can see the output of some commands here: $ sudo /etc/init.d/oss4-base restart Stopping Open Sound System: SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address done. Starting Open Sound System: done (OSS is already loaded). $ sudo /etc/init.d/oss4-base stop Stopping Open Sound System: SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address done. $ sudo /etc/init.d/oss4-base start Starting Open Sound System: done (OSS is already loaded). $ ossinfo Version info: OSS 4.2 (b 2002/201001250441) (0x00040100) GPL Platform: Linux/x86_64 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 #1 SMP Fri Dec 10 17:41:50 UTC 2010 (pc11) Number of audio devices: 2 Number of audio engines: 2 Number of MIDI devices: 0 Number of mixer devices: 2 Device objects 0: osscore0 OSS core services 1: oss_hdaudio0 ATI HD Audio interrupts=0 (613) HD Audio controller ATI HD Audio Vendor ID 0x10024383 Subvendor ID 0x10192816 Codec 0: Not present 2: oss_usb0 USB audio core services 3: usb0d8c0126-0 USB sound device 4: usb0d8c0126-1 USB sound device 5: usb0d8c0126-2 USB sound device 6: usb0d8c0126-3 USB sound device MIDI devices (/dev/midi*) Mixer devices 0: (USB sound device )(Mixer 0 of device object 3) 1: USB sound device (Mixer 0 of device object 5) Audio devices (USB sound device play /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-1/pcm0 ) (device index 0) USB sound device play /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-3/pcm0 (device index 1) Nodes /dev/dsp -> /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-1/pcm0 /dev/dsp_out -> /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-1/pcm0 /dev/dsp_mmap -> /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-1/pcm0 $ osstest Sound subsystem and version: OSS 4.2 (b 2002/201001250441) (0x00040100) Platform: Linux/x86_64 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 #1 SMP Fri Dec 10 17:41:50 UTC 2010 *** Scanning sound adapter #-1 *** /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-1/pcm0 (audio engine 0): USB sound device play - Device not present - Skipping *** Scanning sound adapter #-1 *** /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-3/pcm0 (audio engine 1): USB sound device play - Performing audio playback test... /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-3/pcm0: No such file or directory Can't open the device *** Some errors were detected during the tests *** $ ossxmix /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-2/mix0: No such file or directory No mixers could be opened $ ossmix SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address ad@pc11:~$ man ossmix ad@pc11:~$ ossmix -a SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address ad@pc11:~$ man ossmix ad@pc11:~$ ossmix -D SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address ad@pc11:~$ ossmix -D 0 SNDCTL_MIX_EXTINFO: No such device or address ad@pc11:~$ man ossmix ad@pc11:~$ ossxmix /dev/oss/usb0d8c0126-2/mix0: No such file or directory No mixers could be opened How can I make oss sound work? I can add more information if necessary.

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• osx split external hard drive partition

  - by Bart

  Hi, I currently have a 640GB external HD that has 1 partition formatted as HSF+ Now I want to split some of the free space into a new FAT32 partition, without having to reformat the whole HD and losing all my data. I read that I'm supposed to be able to add new partitions in the Hard Disc Utility by clicking the "+" sign, without any loss of data. But in my case the "+" is not clickable and it says that this partition cannot be altered. Can anyone tell me how to proceed. Or is it impossible without reformatting the whole disc? Thanks ps: I'm running osx snow leopard 10.6.6

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• Two-way Trust relationship between Samba 3 and AD 2008 R2

  - by Romain

  Did somebody already make a two-way trust relationship between Samba 3 and AD ? I've got Samba 3.5 domain (ES02) controller and AD 2008 R2 domain (ES01) controller. Trust domain seems to be ok: Trusted domains list: ES01 S-1-5-21-1816646249-803782145-3669927669 Trusting domains list: ES01 S-1-5-21-1816646249-803782145-3669927669 I can login AD domain workstation with a Samba user account and access to AD domain workstation shares from Samba workstation with Samba user account. BUT, when I try to access to Samba domain workstation shares from AD domain workstation with AD account (test), I've got this: [2012/12/16 23:00:26.146090, 5] auth/auth.c:268(check_ntlm_password) check_ntlm_password: winbind authentication for user [test] FAILED with error NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER [2012/12/16 23:00:26.146123, 2] auth/auth.c:314(check_ntlm_password) check_ntlm_password: Authentication for user [test] - [test] FAILED with error NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER When I try to access samba share with the Administrator account that I create on both side with same password, I've got this: [2012/12/16 22:57:22.701841, 1] rpc_server/srv_pipe_hnd.c:1602(serverinfo_to_SamInfo_base) _netr_LogonSamLogon: user ES01\Administrator has user sid S-1-5-21-1816646249-803782145-3669927669-500 but group sid S-1-5-21-3405883886-2425668597-4100599511-513. The conflicting domain portions are not supported for NETLOGON calls I don't know if winbind is working because of this: wbinfo -u root nobody smb3user administrator "wbinfo -u" should list all local and trusted users, no ? Any fresh idea would be appreciated, I've been reading all the Internet for 1 week... Regards,

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• What’s the password for my FileVault 2 boot volume?

  - by cbowns

  Apple’s support document for FileVault 2 (a.k.a. “full disk encryption” or “FDE”) has lots of information about enabling FDE and what it means for booting the machine. However, it doesn’t cover one very important thing I’m trying to do: mount the drive in the Recovery HD environment to reinstall OS X on it. The Recovery HD environment asks me for the volume passphrase so it can mount my drive and try to install OS X onto it. If this were an external drive which I’d manually enabled FDE on with diskutil, or an external Time Machine volume, I’d know it because it makes you pick one (just like a regular login password), but FileVault 2 never asked me for a volume passphrase (I assume it selects one behind the scenes). I’ve tried my main user’s password, but that doesn’t work, and neither does the recovery key set for the volume. Keychain Access doesn’t have anything that I could find. How do I unlock this volume?

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• Windows NT from vmware to kvm

  - by Luca Rossi

  I'm trying to convert a couple of old Windows NT virtual servers from vmware to KVM. I tried almost all guidelines and how to I found around the web but with no luck. I have the vmware virtual disk: Dlc1.vmdk partitioned image. I converted the vmdk into qcow2 image with the qemu utility and I tried to use it with kvm: kvm -hda test.qemu -vnc :1 -m 750 but I receive "error loading operating system" I also tried with raw partitions I can mount through losetup and kpartx. but nothing changed I also tried to create an brand new image file with: qemu-img create -f qcow2 test.qcow2 2G I partitioned the new image file and I copied the original partition 1 to the new partition 1 with dd: dd if=/dev/mapper/loop1p1 of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=128M no luck again I also tried with a single unpartitioned file: qemu-img create -f qcow2 test.qcow2 2G and I copied the partition 1 to the new image file: dd if=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 of=test.img bs=128M but when booting, I receive a black screen and the virtual machine hangs. The bootloader is loaded successfully, because I also tried with a GRUB live iso and I receive the same screens and errors. Note that grub sees the Windows setup and give me the boot choice. I have the suspect the problem is that the vmware machine is probably a scsi guest and in centos 6 (my system) scsi emulation is no longer supported. But in that case, where to change in Windows? I'm not so skilled with MS systems. Thank you for the help Luca Rossi

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• big speed difference on a network link with and without VPN tunnel

  - by xirtyllo

  Scenario: We have a network link between two offices. The link is provided by a third party company through a VLAN on their network, but to us it is totally transparent -as if we had a simple ethernet cable going from one location to the other-. We have one router at each side of the link, with 3 VPN tunnels in between the two. The test: When I test the speed of the network link with the routers in place, with one laptop directly connected to the router on each side, I consistently get ~30/35Mbps. But if I take out the routers and I test the link connecting the laptops directly to the ethernet cable at each side, I consistently get ~85/88Mbps. It's quite a big performance hit, and I would tend to think that the VPN tunnels are responsible for the slow down. Is it normal that this configuration (two routers with three VPN tunnels between them) takes away so much bandwidth? More info: The encryption algorithm used for the VPN tunnels is AES128. The routers model is Zyxel USG200 and Zyxel USG1000, and their CPU, memory, and storage use is well within normal limits. The nominal bandwidth of the network link is 100Mbps. The network link in question is supplied by a third party company (the building in between our two offices). Basically it passes through their network as a VLAN, but the VLAN is completely transparent to us (e.g. no configuration required on our side, just like one single cable from end to end). Unfortunately (or maybe fortunately) I cannot directly test different routers configurations as I'm not the person in charge of it.

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• MySQL socket connections working, but not port connections

  - by Neil

  I installed MySQL community 5.1.45 on my Snow Leopard 10.6, using the pkg from their site. I had previously installed a MySQL binary from entropy.ch. In the previous installation, the connections were working fine before I upgrade to Snow Leopard. In Snow Leopard, both the installations are problematic. Using an app called Sequel Pro, if I connect with the socket operation, it connects properly. However, a standard connection with the same credentials doesn't work. From what I've understood, socket connections happen on the machine itself between processes, whereas normal connections occur over the network/ports, in this case a loopback to my machine, since the server and client are both on the same machine. My new CakePHP installation isn't being able to connect to the db with the root credentials I provided. Btw, I've been starting the MySQL server using the Preference Pane. When I tried running mysqld from terminal, it gave me: 100323 1:54:37 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.1.45-osx10.6-x86_64/data/mbp.lower-test 100323 1:54:37 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.1.45-osx10.6-x86_64/data/mbp.lower-test mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql-5.1.45-osx10.6-x86_64/data/' (Errcode: 13) 100323 1:54:37 [ERROR] Aborting 100323 1:54:37 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete mbp is the name of my machine. How do I fix this so that my webserver can connect to the mysql server?

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• Emulate "Go to Dekstop/Home/etc." behavior in OS X via AppleScript

  - by pattulus

  OS X has build in support for going to certain Folders (Home, Utilities, Desktop, etc.) via a Shortcut. I wanted to emulate this behavior for the the Downloads Folder. The only thing that is missing the script below is that it won’t succeed when no window is opened in the Finder (see Error message). tell application "Finder" activate set target of Finder window 1 to folder "Downloads" of folder "username" of disk "Macintosh HD" end tell Error message: error "Finder got an error: Can’t set Finder window 1 to folder \"Downloads\" of folder \"username\" of disk \"Macintosh HD\"." number -10006 from Finder window 1 It great if you know about some kind of 'if-compliement' that triggers opening the Downloads Folder in case there is no window 1 open in the Finder. Thanks in advance.

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• How to reinstall Mac OS X on OS X/Linux dual-boot system?

  - by strangeronyourtrain

  My setup: I have a MacBook Pro 5,5 with a Mac OS X Snow Leopard partition and a Linux partition. I use rEFIt to boot into Linux. I didn't use Boot Camp when I originally installed Linux; instead, I manually created the partition (with either Disk Utility in OS X or Gparted on a Linux live CD--I don't recall which one) and then installed Linux on it from a live CD. The problem: My OS X partition is corrupt, and I need to reinstall Snow Leopard. Since I installed rEFIt from within OS X, I'm concerned that wiping the OS X partition will prevent me from booting into my Linux partition. How can I do this without losing access to my Linux partition? Is it possible to install Snow Leopard on the partition I reserved for it, or will it automatically overwrite the entire drive? And if I do the fresh OS X install and then install rEFIt again, will it automatically recognize my Linux partition? Thanks for any tips! Specs: MacBook Pro 5,5 (Mid-2009); Snow Leopard 10.6.7/64-bit Sabayon Linux, 2.6.36 kernel EDIT/UPDATE: Thanks, but the situation has taken a more complicated turn: I tried to reinstall Snow Leopard from the DVD, but it refused to install onto my Mac partition, claiming: "The disk cannot be used to start up your computer." Disk Utility wouldn't let me resize the partition or create a new one, and it doesn't see my Linux partition. It only displays the two partitions "Macintosh HD" and Linux Swap. I can, however, see all the partitions from Linux. This is the partition table as shown in Gparted: And the output of "fdisk -l" is: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 409639 204819+ ee GPT /dev/sda2 409640 349590464 174590412+ af HFS / HFS+ /dev/sda3 483122745 488392064 2634660 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 * 349590465 483122744 66766140 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order I wonder if this is because I originally partitioned my disk with Gparted instead of OS X's Disk Utility (at this point, I don't recall whether I used Gparted or Disk Utility). In any case, it doesn't seem safe to do any reformatting with Disk Utility now, as I'm afraid it will wipe sda2 ("Macintosh HD") as well as sda4 (my Linux partition). So... I'm hoping to find a solution that doesn't involve wiping my entire hard disk. Would it be safe/possible to use Gparted to erase sda2 ("Macintosh HD") and then use the Snow Leopard DVD to install OS X onto [I]just[/I] sda2 without touching the other partitions? Thanks for any insight!

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• Why are symbolic links not working in MySQL?

  - by Eno

  I'm having an issue, I searched a lot but I'm not sure if it's related to a previous security patch. On the last version of MySQL on Debian Lenny ( 5.0.51a-24 ) I need to share one table between two db, those two db are in the same path ( /var/lib/mysql/db1 & db2 ). I created symbolic links for db2 pointing to the table in db1. When I query the same table from db2 I get this : 'ERROR 1030 (HY000): Got error 140 from storage engine' This is how it looks : test-lan:/var/lib/mysql/test3# ls -alh drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4.0K 2010-08-30 13:28 . drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 4.0K 2010-08-30 13:29 .. lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 28 2010-08-30 13:28 blbl.frm -> /var/lib/mysql/test/blbl.frm lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 28 2010-08-30 13:28 blbl.MYD -> /var/lib/mysql/test/blbl.MYD lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 28 2010-08-30 13:28 blbl.MYI -> /var/lib/mysql/test/blbl.MYI -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 65 2010-08-30 13:24 db.opt I really need those symlinks, is there a way to make them working like before ? ( old MySQL-server is fine ) Thanks,

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• Windows Server 2008 Task Scheduler: Task Started (Task=100) but did task did not complete (Task=102) when the result code is 2

  - by MacGyver

  Can someone give me a use case for setting up a Windows Server 2008 Task Scheduler task (we'll call this "test") that completes (action completed is task=201) with an error (result code=2)? This is event trigger code for another task (called "notification" that sends out an email based on the event history of the "test" task. I've got use cases for tasks that opens a program successfully and when a program fails to find the program. I'm just trying to think of how I can test a scenario when it finds the program, but something fails with warnings or errors. /* Failed - task started but had errors (result code of 2) */ <QueryList> <Query Id="0" Path="Microsoft-Windows-TaskScheduler/Operational"> <Select Path="Microsoft-Windows-TaskScheduler/Operational"> *[ System [ Provider[@Name='Microsoft-Windows-TaskScheduler'] and (Level=0 or Level=1 or Level=2 or Level=3 or Level=4 or Level=5) and (Task = 201) ] ] and *[ EventData [ Data [ @Name='TaskName' ]='\Tasks\test' ] ] and *[ EventData [ Data [ @Name='ResultCode' ]='2' ] ] </Select> </Query> </QueryList>

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• Network monitoring tools with API features

  - by Kev

  We use ks-soft's Advanced Hostmonitor package to monitor around 2000 items on our network. We think it's great, the chap that supports it is fantastic, the product is fast, stable and mature but I feel as as we grow as a company it's beginning to show some friction points in the area of integration with our back office admin systems. One of the things we'd like to do is be able to add new tests to whatever monitoring tool we use via an API. For example, when orders for servers come from our retail interface, the server gets built automatically, and as part of the automated build process we'd like to automatically add new tests to the network monitoring systems. Hostmonitor has some support for this via a feature called HM Script but we're starting to encounter some speedbumps - we can't add new operators/users we can't define new "Action Profiles" - these are the actions to be taken when a test goes good or bad. What we love about hostmonitor though are the Action Profiles. For example if a Windows IIS box goes bad our action profile for a bad test does something like: Check host again (one time) Wait another 30 seconds then test again Try restart app pool on remote machine (up to two times) Send an email to ops about the restart failure Try restarting IIS on remote machine (up to four times) Page duty admin (up to 5 times - stops after duty admin ACKS alert) Page backup duty admin (5 times - stops after duty admin ACKS alert) I'm starting to look around at other network monitoring tools and I'm looking for: a comprehensive API to be able to add/remove/control tests/test "action profiles"/operators (not just plugins, we need control and admin interfaces) the ability to have quite detailed action/escalation profiles (and define these via an API) I've looked at Nagios and Icinga but Ican't seem to glean from their documentation whether we could have these features or not, or if we could, how much work would be involved to implement/customise. Can anyone provide any advice, guidance or experiences?

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• Restoring Windows Server 2008 to a different computer

  - by user8160

  I used Windows backup function to backup everything to an external HD. Is it possible to restore the backup to a different computer?

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• Windows 7 does not recognise second display output

  - by gilles27

  I've got a PC with dual BenQ G2222HDL monitors and an ATI Radeon HD 4650 video card. I've been running both monitors at 1920x1080 for some months now but last week the second monitor switched to a lower resolution and won't let me go back to 1920x1080. If I right click the Desktop and choose Screen Resolution from the menu, I get two items in the Display: drop down list BenQ G2222HDL D-SUB Display device on: VGA In the past 2 was always the same as 1. If I click Detect a third item appears Available display output on: ATI Radeon HD 4650 but if I use the Multiple displays: drop down list to use it says "No display detected" and then lets me choose from either "Connect anyway on S-Video" or "Connect anyway on Component", neither of which help. It seems like Windows 7 recognises the card is dual-head, and knows I have got two monitors, but can't link it all together. I have checked and all my drivers are up-to-date. Does anyone have any suggestions as to how I can get the second monitor working properly again?

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