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• Are "strings.xml" string arrays always parsed/deserialized in the same order?

  - by PhilaPhan80

  Can I count on string arrays within the "strings.xml" resource file to be parsed/deserialized in the same order every time? If anyone can cite any documentation that clearly spells out this guarantee, I'd appreciate it. Or, at the very least, offer a significant amount of experience with this topic. Also, is this a best practice or am I missing a simpler solution? Note: This will be a small list, so I'm not looking to implement a more complicated database or custom XML solution unless I absolutely have to. <!--KEYS (ALWAYS CORRESPONDS TO LIST BELOW ??)--> <string-array name="keys"> <item>1</item> <item>2</item> <item>3</item> </string-array> <!--VALUES (ALWAYS CORRESPONDS TO LIST ABOVE ??)--> <string-array name="values"> <item>one</item> <item>two</item> <item>three</item> </string-array>

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• Sorting a Singly Linked List With Pointers

  - by Mark Simson

  I am trying to sort a singly linked list using bubble sort by manipulating ONLY the pointers, no keys. The following gets stuck in the for loop and loops infinitely. I don't understand why this is. Can anybody explain to me why the end of the list is not being found? Node* sort_list(Node* head) { Node * temp; Node * curr; for(bool didSwap = true; didSwap; ) { didSwap = false; for(curr = head; curr->next != NULL; curr = curr->next) { if(curr->key > curr->next->key) { temp = curr; curr = curr->next; curr->next = temp; didSwap = true; } cout << curr->next->key << endl; } } return head; } If I change the code so that the keys (data) are swapped, then the function works properly but for some reason I am not able make it work by manipulating only pointers.

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• Error 1606. Could not access network location %SystemDrive%\inetpub\wwwroot\ while installing on IIS

  - by Mark

  I'm trying to port our software installer which currently supports Windows 2000 and Windows 2003 to a Windows 2008 environment. Currently, the installer gets an error which reads "Error 1606. Could not access network location %SystemDrive%\inetpub\wwwroot." %SystemDrive% is without a doubt C:\, and C:\inetpub\wwwroot\ has the correct accessibility. It is interesting that if I hardcode the path in the following keys in the registry to C:\inetpub\wwwroot\, without using the environment variable, the installer works correctly. • HKLM/Software/Wow6432Node/Microsoft/InetStp/PathWWWRoot • KHLM/Software/Microsoft/InetStp/PathWWWRoot. This seems like a very poor hack. I do not want to tell our clients that they need to hack their registry before they will be able to install our product. Another option is to change the registry behind the scenes, do our install, and revert the registry keys to their original values at the end of the install, but obviously I don't like this solution either. I find it hard to believe that Microsoft would have done this without reason, so there must be an alternate approach to get these installers to work without modifying the registry. Any tips appreciated.

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• Elfsign Object Signing on Solaris

  - by danx

  Elfsign Object Signing on Solaris Don't let this happen to you—use elfsign! Solaris elfsign(1) is a command that signs and verifies ELF format executables. That includes not just executable programs (such as ls or cp), but other ELF format files including libraries (such as libnvpair.so) and kernel modules (such as autofs). Elfsign has been available since Solaris 10 and ELF format files distributed with Solaris, since Solaris 10, are signed by either Sun Microsystems or its successor, Oracle Corporation. When an ELF file is signed, elfsign adds a new section the ELF file, .SUNW_signature, that contains a RSA public key signature and other information about the signer. That is, the algorithm used, algorithm OID, signer CN/OU, and time stamp. The signature section can later be verified by elfsign or other software by matching the signature in the file agains the ELF file contents (excluding the signature). ELF executable files may also be signed by a 3rd-party or by the customer. This is useful for verifying the origin and authenticity of executable files installed on a system. The 3rd-party or customer public key certificate should be installed in /etc/certs/ to allow verification by elfsign. For currently-released versions of Solaris, only cryptographic framework plugin libraries are verified by Solaris. However, all ELF files may be verified by the elfsign command at any time. Elfsign Algorithms Elfsign signatures are created by taking a digest of the ELF section contents, then signing the digest with RSA. To verify, one takes a digest of ELF file and compares with the expected digest that's computed from the signature and RSA public key. Originally elfsign took a MD5 digest of a SHA-1 digest of the ELF file sections, then signed the resulting digest with RSA. In Solaris 11.1 then Solaris 11.1 SRU 7 (5/2013), the elfsign crypto algorithms available have been expanded to keep up with evolving cryptography. The following table shows the available elfsign algorithms: Elfsign Algorithm Solaris Release Comments elfsign sign -F rsa_md5_sha1   S10, S11.0, S11.1 Default for S10. Not recommended* elfsign sign -F rsa_sha1 S11.1 Default for S11.1. Not recommended elfsign sign -F rsa_sha256 S11.1 patch SRU7+   Recommended ___ *Most or all CAs do not accept MD5 CSRs and do not issue MD5 certs due to MD5 hash collision problems. RSA Key Length. I recommend using RSA-2048 key length with elfsign is RSA-2048 as the best balance between a long expected "life time", interoperability, and performance. RSA-2048 keys have an expected lifetime through 2030 (and probably beyond). For details, see Recommendation for Key Management: Part 1: General, NIST Publication SP 800-57 part 1 (rev. 3, 7/2012, PDF), tables 2 and 4 (pp. 64, 67). Step 1: create or obtain a key and cert The first step in using elfsign is to obtain a key and cert from a public Certificate Authority (CA), or create your own self-signed key and cert. I'll briefly explain both methods. Obtaining a Certificate from a CA To obtain a cert from a CA, such as Verisign, Thawte, or Go Daddy (to name a few random examples), you create a private key and a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) file and send it to the CA, following the instructions of the CA on their website. They send back a signed public key certificate. The public key cert, along with the private key you created is used by elfsign to sign an ELF file. The public key cert is distributed with the software and is used by elfsign to verify elfsign signatures in ELF files. You need to request a RSA "Class 3 public key certificate", which is used for servers and software signing. Elfsign uses RSA and we recommend RSA-2048 keys. The private key and CSR can be generated with openssl(1) or pktool(1) on Solaris. Here's a simple example that uses pktool to generate a private RSA_2048 key and a CSR for sending to a CA: $ pktool gencsr keystore=file format=pem outcsr=MYCSR.p10 \ subject="CN=canineswworks.com,OU=Canine SW object signing" \ outkey=MYPRIVATEKEY.key $ openssl rsa -noout -text -in MYPRIVATEKEY.key Private-Key: (2048 bit) modulus: 00:d2:ef:42:f2:0b:8c:96:9f:45:32:fc:fe:54:94: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . c9:c7 publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001) privateExponent: 26:14:fc:49:26:bc:a3:14:ee:31:5e:6b:ac:69:83: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 81 prime1: 00:f6:b7:52:73:bc:26:57:26:c8:11:eb:6c:dc:cb: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . bc:91:d0:40:d6:9d:ac:b5:69 prime2: 00:da:df:3f:56:b2:18:46:e1:89:5b:6c:f1:1a:41: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . f3:b7:48:de:c3:d9:ce:af:af exponent1: 00:b9:a2:00:11:02:ed:9a:3f:9c:e4:16:ce:c7:67: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 55:50:25:70:d3:ca:b9:ab:99 exponent2: 00:c8:fc:f5:57:11:98:85:8e:9a:ea:1f:f2:8f:df: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 23:57:0e:4d:b2:a0:12:d2:f5 coefficient: 2f:60:21:cd:dc:52:76:67:1a:d8:75:3e:7f:b0:64: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 06:94:56:d8:9d:5c:8e:9b $ openssl req -noout -text -in MYCSR.p10 Certificate Request: Data: Version: 2 (0x2) Subject: OU=Canine SW object signing, CN=canineswworks.com Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public-Key: (2048 bit) Modulus: 00:d2:ef:42:f2:0b:8c:96:9f:45:32:fc:fe:54:94: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . c9:c7 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) Attributes: Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption b3:e8:30:5b:88:37:68:1c:26:6b:45:af:5e:de:ea:60:87:ea: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 06:f9:ed:b4 Secure storage of RSA private key. The private key needs to be protected if the key signing is used for production (as opposed to just testing). That is, protect the key to protect against unauthorized signatures by others. One method is to use a PIN-protected PKCS#11 keystore. The private key you generate should be stored in a secure manner, such as in a PKCS#11 keystore using pktool(1). Otherwise others can sign your signature. Other secure key storage mechanisms include a SCA-6000 crypto card, a USB thumb drive stored in a locked area, a dedicated server with restricted access, Oracle Key Manager (OKM), or some combination of these. I also recommend secure backup of the private key. Here's an example of generating a private key protected in the PKCS#11 keystore, and a CSR. $ pktool setpin # use if PIN not set yet Enter token passphrase: changeme Create new passphrase: Re-enter new passphrase: Passphrase changed. $ pktool gencsr keystore=pkcs11 label=MYPRIVATEKEY \ format=pem outcsr=MYCSR.p10 \ subject="CN=canineswworks.com,OU=Canine SW object signing" $ pktool list keystore=pkcs11 Enter PIN for Sun Software PKCS#11 softtoken: Found 1 asymmetric public keys. Key #1 - RSA public key: MYPRIVATEKEY Here's another example that uses openssl instead of pktool to generate a private key and CSR: $ openssl genrsa -out cert.key 2048 $ openssl req -new -key cert.key -out MYCSR.p10 Self-Signed Cert You can use openssl or pktool to create a private key and a self-signed public key certificate. A self-signed cert is useful for development, testing, and internal use. The private key created should be stored in a secure manner, as mentioned above. The following example creates a private key, MYSELFSIGNED.key, and a public key cert, MYSELFSIGNED.pem, using pktool and displays the contents with the openssl command. $ pktool gencert keystore=file format=pem serial=0xD06F00D lifetime=20-year \ keytype=rsa hash=sha256 outcert=MYSELFSIGNED.pem outkey=MYSELFSIGNED.key \ subject="O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com" $ pktool list keystore=file objtype=cert infile=MYSELFSIGNED.pem Found 1 certificates. 1. (X.509 certificate) Filename: MYSELFSIGNED.pem ID: c8:24:59:08:2b:ae:6e:5c:bc:26:bd:ef:0a:9c:54:de:dd:0f:60:46 Subject: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com Issuer: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com Not Before: Oct 17 23:18:00 2013 GMT Not After: Oct 12 23:18:00 2033 GMT Serial: 0xD06F00D0 Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption $ openssl x509 -noout -text -in MYSELFSIGNED.pem Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 3496935632 (0xd06f00d0) Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption Issuer: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com Validity Not Before: Oct 17 23:18:00 2013 GMT Not After : Oct 12 23:18:00 2033 GMT Subject: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public-Key: (2048 bit) Modulus: 00:bb:e8:11:21:d9:4b:88:53:8b:6c:5a:7a:38:8b: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . bf:77 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption 9e:39:fe:c8:44:5c:87:2c:8f:f4:24:f6:0c:9a:2f:64:84:d1: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 5f:78:8e:e8 $ openssl rsa -noout -text -in MYSELFSIGNED.key Private-Key: (2048 bit) modulus: 00:bb:e8:11:21:d9:4b:88:53:8b:6c:5a:7a:38:8b: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . bf:77 publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001) privateExponent: 0a:06:0f:23:e7:1b:88:62:2c:85:d3:2d:c1:e6:6e: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 9c:e1:e0:0a:52:77:29:4a:75:aa:02:d8:af:53:24: c1 prime1: 00:ea:12:02:bb:5a:0f:5a:d8:a9:95:b2:ba:30:15: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 5b:ca:9c:7c:19:48:77:1e:5d prime2: 00:cd:82:da:84:71:1d:18:52:cb:c6:4d:74:14:be: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 5f:db:d5:5e:47:89:a7:ef:e3 exponent1: 32:37:62:f6:a6:bf:9c:91:d6:f0:12:c3:f7:04:e9: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . 97:3e:33:31:89:66:64:d1 exponent2: 00:88:a2:e8:90:47:f8:75:34:8f:41:50:3b:ce:93: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . ff:74:d4:be:f3:47:45:bd:cb coefficient: 4d:7c:09:4c:34:73:c4:26:f0:58:f5:e1:45:3c:af: . . . [omitted for brevity] . . . af:01:5f:af:ad:6a:09:bf Step 2: Sign the ELF File object By now you should have your private key, and obtained, by hook or crook, a cert (either from a CA or use one you created (a self-signed cert). The next step is to sign one or more objects with your private key and cert. Here's a simple example that creates an object file, signs, verifies, and lists the contents of the ELF signature. $ echo '#include <stdio.h>\nint main(){printf("Hello\\n");}'>hello.c $ make hello cc -o hello hello.c $ elfsign verify -v -c MYSELFSIGNED.pem -e hello elfsign: no signature found in hello. $ elfsign sign -F rsa_sha256 -v -k MYSELFSIGNED.key -c MYSELFSIGNED.pem -e hello elfsign: hello signed successfully. format: rsa_sha256. signer: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com. signed on: October 17, 2013 04:22:49 PM PDT. $ elfsign list -f format -e hello rsa_sha256 $ elfsign list -f signer -e hello O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com $ elfsign list -f time -e hello October 17, 2013 04:22:49 PM PDT $ elfsign verify -v -c MYSELFSIGNED.key -e hello elfsign: verification of hello failed. format: rsa_sha256. signer: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com. signed on: October 17, 2013 04:22:49 PM PDT. Signing using the pkcs11 keystore To sign the ELF file using a private key in the secure pkcs11 keystore, replace "-K MYSELFSIGNED.key" in the "elfsign sign" command line with "-T MYPRIVATEKEY", where MYPRIVATKEY is the pkcs11 token label. Step 3: Install the cert and test on another system Just signing the object isn't enough. You need to copy or install the cert and the signed ELF file(s) on another system to test that the signature is OK. Your public key cert should be installed in /etc/certs. Use elfsign verify to verify the signature. Elfsign verify checks each cert in /etc/certs until it finds one that matches the elfsign signature in the file. If one isn't found, the verification fails. Here's an example: $ su Password: # rm /etc/certs/MYSELFSIGNED.key # cp MYSELFSIGNED.pem /etc/certs # exit $ elfsign verify -v hello elfsign: verification of hello passed. format: rsa_sha256. signer: O=Canine Software Works, OU=Self-signed CA, CN=canineswworks.com. signed on: October 17, 2013 04:24:20 PM PDT. After testing, package your cert along with your ELF object to allow elfsign verification after your cert and object are installed or copied. Under the Hood: elfsign verification Here's the steps taken to verify a ELF file signed with elfsign. The steps to sign the file are similar except the private key exponent is used instead of the public key exponent and the .SUNW_signature section is written to the ELF file instead of being read from the file. Generate a digest (SHA-256) of the ELF file sections. This digest uses all ELF sections loaded in memory, but excludes the ELF header, the .SUNW_signature section, and the symbol table Extract the RSA signature (RSA-2048) from the .SUNW_signature section Extract the RSA public key modulus and public key exponent (65537) from the public key cert Calculate the expected digest as follows:     signaturepublicKeyExponent % publicKeyModulus Strip the PKCS#1 padding (most significant bytes) from the above. The padding is 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, . . ., 0xff, 0x00. If the actual digest == expected digest, the ELF file is verified (OK). Further Information elfsign(1), pktool(1), and openssl(1) man pages. "Signed Solaris 10 Binaries?" blog by Darren Moffat (2005) shows how to use elfsign. "Simple CLI based CA on Solaris" blog by Darren Moffat (2008) shows how to set up a simple CA for use with self-signed certificates. "How to Create a Certificate by Using the pktool gencert Command" System Administration Guide: Security Services (available at docs.oracle.com)

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• C#/.NET Fundamentals: Choosing the Right Collection Class

  - by James Michael Hare

  The .NET Base Class Library (BCL) has a wide array of collection classes at your disposal which make it easy to manage collections of objects. While it's great to have so many classes available, it can be daunting to choose the right collection to use for any given situation. As hard as it may be, choosing the right collection can be absolutely key to the performance and maintainability of your application! This post will look at breaking down any confusion between each collection and the situations in which they excel. We will be spending most of our time looking at the System.Collections.Generic namespace, which is the recommended set of collections. The Generic Collections: System.Collections.Generic namespace The generic collections were introduced in .NET 2.0 in the System.Collections.Generic namespace. This is the main body of collections you should tend to focus on first, as they will tend to suit 99% of your needs right up front. It is important to note that the generic collections are unsynchronized. This decision was made for performance reasons because depending on how you are using the collections its completely possible that synchronization may not be required or may be needed on a higher level than simple method-level synchronization. Furthermore, concurrent read access (all writes done at beginning and never again) is always safe, but for concurrent mixed access you should either synchronize the collection or use one of the concurrent collections. So let's look at each of the collections in turn and its various pros and cons, at the end we'll summarize with a table to help make it easier to compare and contrast the different collections. The Associative Collection Classes Associative collections store a value in the collection by providing a key that is used to add/remove/lookup the item. Hence, the container associates the value with the key. These collections are most useful when you need to lookup/manipulate a collection using a key value. For example, if you wanted to look up an order in a collection of orders by an order id, you might have an associative collection where they key is the order id and the value is the order. The Dictionary<TKey,TVale> is probably the most used associative container class. The Dictionary<TKey,TValue> is the fastest class for associative lookups/inserts/deletes because it uses a hash table under the covers. Because the keys are hashed, the key type should correctly implement GetHashCode() and Equals() appropriately or you should provide an external IEqualityComparer to the dictionary on construction. The insert/delete/lookup time of items in the dictionary is amortized constant time - O(1) - which means no matter how big the dictionary gets, the time it takes to find something remains relatively constant. This is highly desirable for high-speed lookups. The only downside is that the dictionary, by nature of using a hash table, is unordered, so you cannot easily traverse the items in a Dictionary in order. The SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> is similar to the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> in usage but very different in implementation. The SortedDictionary<TKey,TValye> uses a binary tree under the covers to maintain the items in order by the key. As a consequence of sorting, the type used for the key must correctly implement IComparable<TKey> so that the keys can be correctly sorted. The sorted dictionary trades a little bit of lookup time for the ability to maintain the items in order, thus insert/delete/lookup times in a sorted dictionary are logarithmic - O(log n). Generally speaking, with logarithmic time, you can double the size of the collection and it only has to perform one extra comparison to find the item. Use the SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> when you want fast lookups but also want to be able to maintain the collection in order by the key. The SortedList<TKey,TValue> is the other ordered associative container class in the generic containers. Once again SortedList<TKey,TValue>, like SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>, uses a key to sort key-value pairs. Unlike SortedDictionary, however, items in a SortedList are stored as an ordered array of items. This means that insertions and deletions are linear - O(n) - because deleting or adding an item may involve shifting all items up or down in the list. Lookup time, however is O(log n) because the SortedList can use a binary search to find any item in the list by its key. So why would you ever want to do this? Well, the answer is that if you are going to load the SortedList up-front, the insertions will be slower, but because array indexing is faster than following object links, lookups are marginally faster than a SortedDictionary. Once again I'd use this in situations where you want fast lookups and want to maintain the collection in order by the key, and where insertions and deletions are rare. The Non-Associative Containers The other container classes are non-associative. They don't use keys to manipulate the collection but rely on the object itself being stored or some other means (such as index) to manipulate the collection. The List<T> is a basic contiguous storage container. Some people may call this a vector or dynamic array. Essentially it is an array of items that grow once its current capacity is exceeded. Because the items are stored contiguously as an array, you can access items in the List<T> by index very quickly. However inserting and removing in the beginning or middle of the List<T> are very costly because you must shift all the items up or down as you delete or insert respectively. However, adding and removing at the end of a List<T> is an amortized constant operation - O(1). Typically List<T> is the standard go-to collection when you don't have any other constraints, and typically we favor a List<T> even over arrays unless we are sure the size will remain absolutely fixed. The LinkedList<T> is a basic implementation of a doubly-linked list. This means that you can add or remove items in the middle of a linked list very quickly (because there's no items to move up or down in contiguous memory), but you also lose the ability to index items by position quickly. Most of the time we tend to favor List<T> over LinkedList<T> unless you are doing a lot of adding and removing from the collection, in which case a LinkedList<T> may make more sense. The HashSet<T> is an unordered collection of unique items. This means that the collection cannot have duplicates and no order is maintained. Logically, this is very similar to having a Dictionary<TKey,TValue> where the TKey and TValue both refer to the same object. This collection is very useful for maintaining a collection of items you wish to check membership against. For example, if you receive an order for a given vendor code, you may want to check to make sure the vendor code belongs to the set of vendor codes you handle. In these cases a HashSet<T> is useful for super-quick lookups where order is not important. Once again, like in Dictionary, the type T should have a valid implementation of GetHashCode() and Equals(), or you should provide an appropriate IEqualityComparer<T> to the HashSet<T> on construction. The SortedSet<T> is to HashSet<T> what the SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> is to Dictionary<TKey,TValue>. That is, the SortedSet<T> is a binary tree where the key and value are the same object. This once again means that adding/removing/lookups are logarithmic - O(log n) - but you gain the ability to iterate over the items in order. For this collection to be effective, type T must implement IComparable<T> or you need to supply an external IComparer<T>. Finally, the Stack<T> and Queue<T> are two very specific collections that allow you to handle a sequential collection of objects in very specific ways. The Stack<T> is a last-in-first-out (LIFO) container where items are added and removed from the top of the stack. Typically this is useful in situations where you want to stack actions and then be able to undo those actions in reverse order as needed. The Queue<T> on the other hand is a first-in-first-out container which adds items at the end of the queue and removes items from the front. This is useful for situations where you need to process items in the order in which they came, such as a print spooler or waiting lines. So that's the basic collections. Let's summarize what we've learned in a quick reference table.  Collection Ordered? Contiguous Storage? Direct Access? Lookup Efficiency Manipulate Efficiency Notes Dictionary No Yes Via Key Key: O(1) O(1) Best for high performance lookups. SortedDictionary Yes No Via Key Key: O(log n) O(log n) Compromise of Dictionary speed and ordering, uses binary search tree. SortedList Yes Yes Via Key Key: O(log n) O(n) Very similar to SortedDictionary, except tree is implemented in an array, so has faster lookup on preloaded data, but slower loads. List No Yes Via Index Index: O(1) Value: O(n) O(n) Best for smaller lists where direct access required and no ordering. LinkedList No No No Value: O(n) O(1) Best for lists where inserting/deleting in middle is common and no direct access required. HashSet No Yes Via Key Key: O(1) O(1) Unique unordered collection, like a Dictionary except key and value are same object. SortedSet Yes No Via Key Key: O(log n) O(log n) Unique ordered collection, like SortedDictionary except key and value are same object. Stack No Yes Only Top Top: O(1) O(1)* Essentially same as List<T> except only process as LIFO Queue No Yes Only Front Front: O(1) O(1) Essentially same as List<T> except only process as FIFO   The Original Collections: System.Collections namespace The original collection classes are largely considered deprecated by developers and by Microsoft itself. In fact they indicate that for the most part you should always favor the generic or concurrent collections, and only use the original collections when you are dealing with legacy .NET code. Because these collections are out of vogue, let's just briefly mention the original collection and their generic equivalents: ArrayList A dynamic, contiguous collection of objects. Favor the generic collection List<T> instead. Hashtable Associative, unordered collection of key-value pairs of objects. Favor the generic collection Dictionary<TKey,TValue> instead. Queue First-in-first-out (FIFO) collection of objects. Favor the generic collection Queue<T> instead. SortedList Associative, ordered collection of key-value pairs of objects. Favor the generic collection SortedList<T> instead. Stack Last-in-first-out (LIFO) collection of objects. Favor the generic collection Stack<T> instead. In general, the older collections are non-type-safe and in some cases less performant than their generic counterparts. Once again, the only reason you should fall back on these older collections is for backward compatibility with legacy code and libraries only. The Concurrent Collections: System.Collections.Concurrent namespace The concurrent collections are new as of .NET 4.0 and are included in the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace. These collections are optimized for use in situations where multi-threaded read and write access of a collection is desired. The concurrent queue, stack, and dictionary work much as you'd expect. The bag and blocking collection are more unique. Below is the summary of each with a link to a blog post I did on each of them. ConcurrentQueue Thread-safe version of a queue (FIFO). For more information see: C#/.NET Little Wonders: The ConcurrentStack and ConcurrentQueue ConcurrentStack Thread-safe version of a stack (LIFO). For more information see: C#/.NET Little Wonders: The ConcurrentStack and ConcurrentQueue ConcurrentBag Thread-safe unordered collection of objects. Optimized for situations where a thread may be bother reader and writer. For more information see: C#/.NET Little Wonders: The ConcurrentBag and BlockingCollection ConcurrentDictionary Thread-safe version of a dictionary. Optimized for multiple readers (allows multiple readers under same lock). For more information see C#/.NET Little Wonders: The ConcurrentDictionary BlockingCollection Wrapper collection that implement producers & consumers paradigm. Readers can block until items are available to read. Writers can block until space is available to write (if bounded). For more information see C#/.NET Little Wonders: The ConcurrentBag and BlockingCollection Summary The .NET BCL has lots of collections built in to help you store and manipulate collections of data. Understanding how these collections work and knowing in which situations each container is best is one of the key skills necessary to build more performant code. Choosing the wrong collection for the job can make your code much slower or even harder to maintain if you choose one that doesn’t perform as well or otherwise doesn’t exactly fit the situation. Remember to avoid the original collections and stick with the generic collections.  If you need concurrent access, you can use the generic collections if the data is read-only, or consider the concurrent collections for mixed-access if you are running on .NET 4.0 or higher.   Tweet Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Collecitons,Generic,Concurrent,Dictionary,List,Stack,Queue,SortedList,SortedDictionary,HashSet,SortedSet

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, June 11, 2011

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, June 11, 2011Popular ReleasesSimplePlanner: v2.0b: For 2011-2012 Sem 1 ???2011-2012 ????Econ NetVert: 2.4.2.14 Production: Many thanks to paulhickman for testing and reporting issues. - this release has lots of bugfixes in codeconversion when using NRefactory 4.0 (local) and VisualStudio Projects conversionVisual Studio 2010 Help Downloader: 1.0.0.3: Domain name support for proxy Cleanup old packages bug Writing to EventLog with UAC enabled bug Small fixes & RefactoringMedia Companion: MC 3.406b weekly: With this version change a movie rebuild is required when first run -else MC will lock up on exit. Extract the entire archive to a folder which has user access rights, eg desktop, documents etc. Refer to the documentation on this site for the Installation & Setup Guide Important! If you find MC not displaying movie data properly, please try a 'movie rebuild' to reload the data from the nfo's into MC's cache. Fixes Movies Readded movie preference to rename invalid or scene nfo's to info ext...SCCM Client Actions Tool: SCCM Client Actions Tool v0.5.1: SCCM Client Actions Tool v0.5.1 is currently the most stable version and includes all of the functionality requested so far. It comes with following changes since last version: Fixed an incorrect path to x64 client setup folder. It comes as a ZIP file that contains three files: ClientActionsTool.hta – The tool itself. Cmdkey.exe – command line tool for managing cached credentials. This is needed for alternate credentials feature when running the HTA on Windows XP. Cmdkey.exe is natively a...Windows Azure VM Assistant: AzureVMAssist V1.0.0.5: AzureVMAssist V1.0.0.5 (Debug) - Test Release VersionSizeOnDisk: 1.8.0.3: Fix (issue 317): Main window icon loading error on windows server 2003 32bit runing on x86 cpu. Bypass of the Microsoft windows comexception.NetOffice - The easiest way to use Office in .NET: NetOffice Release 0.9: Changes: - fix examples (include issue 16026) - add new examples - 32Bit/64Bit Walkthrough is now available in technical Documentation. Includes: - Runtime Binaries and Source Code for .NET Framework:......v2.0, v3.0, v3.5, v4.0 - Tutorials in C# and VB.Net:..............................................................COM Proxy Management, Events, etc. - Examples in C# and VB.Net:............................................................Excel, Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access - COMAddi...Reusable Library: V1.1.3: A collection of reusable abstractions for enterprise application developerClosedXML - The easy way to OpenXML: ClosedXML 0.54.0: New on this release: 1) Mayor performance improvements. 2) AdjustToContents now take into account the text rotation. 3) Fixed issues 6782, 6784, 6788HTML-IDEx: HTML-IDEx .15 ALPHA: This release fixes line counting a little bit and adds the masshighlight() sub, which highlights pasted and inserted code.AutoLoL: AutoLoL v2.0.3: - Improved summoner spells are now displayed - Fixed some of the startup errors people got - Double clicking an item selects it - Some usability changes that make using AutoLoL just a little easier - Bug fixes AutoLoL v2 is not an update, but an entirely new version! Please install to a different directory than AutoLoL v1Host Profiles: Host Profiles 1.0: Host Profiles 1.0 Release Quickly modify host file Automatically flush dnsVidCoder: 0.9.2: Updated to HandBrake 4024svn. This fixes problems with mpeg2 sources: corrupted previews, incorrect progress indicators and encodes that incorrectly report as failed. Fixed a problem that prevented target sizes above 2048 MB.SharePoint Search XSL Samples: SharePoint 2010 Samples: I have updated some of the samples from the 2007 release. These all work in SharePoint 2010. I removed the Pivot on File Extension because SharePoint 2010 search has refiners that perform the same function.AcDown????? - Anime&Comic Downloader: AcDown????? v3.0 Beta5: ??AcDown?????????????，??????????????，????、????。?????Acfun????? ????32??64? Windows XP/Vista/7 ????????????? ??：????????Windows XP???,?????????.NET Framework 2.0???(x86)?.NET Framework 2.0???(x64)，?????"?????????"??? ??v3.0 Beta5 ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???"????????"?? ????????????? ????????/???? ?? ???"????"??? ?? ??????????? ?? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????Discussions???????? ????AcDown??????????????VFPX: GoFish 4 Beta 1: Current beta is Build 144 (released 2011-06-07 ) See the GoFish4 info page for details and video link: http://vfpx.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=GoFishShowUI: Write-UI -in PowerShell: ShowUI: ShowUI is a PowerShell module to help you write rich user interfaces in script.SharePoint 2010 FBA Pack: SharePoint 2010 FBA Pack 1.0.3: Fixed User Management screen when "RequiresQuestionAndAnswer" set to true Reply to Email Address can now be customized User Management page now only displays users that reside in the membership database Web parts have been changed to inherit from System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart, so that they will display on anonymous application pages For installation and configuration steps see here.TerrariViewer: TerrariViewer v2.5: Added new items associated with Terraria v1.0.3 to the character editor. Fixed multiple bugs with Piggy Bank EditoryNew Projects.NET MVC Base by OST: The OST .NET MVC project is currently in infancy but contains html helper extensions, model binders and other extensions to the mvc 3 framework. It also contains a separate project for easily consuming JQGrid requests and return the correct JSON to the jQuery plugin.Asterisk AMI Proxy suite: The AMI Proxy suite project will bridge the gap between your asterisk phone system and your windows based applications. The AMI Proxy is a service that can be used to simply proxy AMI connections to your asterisk server but also adds call stat generation and line monitors.Augusta Developers Guild: The web site for the user group Augusta Developers GuildAzure Blob Pusher: File uploader allows bulk upload of files from client to Azure blob storage. FileSystemWatcher notices new files in configured directory. SQL Express database tracks files as they are pushed up to blob storage and then processed. Local Directory is cleaned up after acknowledgement.Basic Class Library: A collection of functions created to eased up the programmers life in order to solved basic task like validation, AmountTowords, Encrypt & Decryption it also has capability to Connect and retrieve sql data just in one line of code, and some other Basic but very Important task.Basic RTS Game using RolePlayingGame Tool kit based XNA: this is a basic RTS Game. i can make it easy by using RolePlayingGame Took Kit based XNA.Batch Scheduler using .Net 4, MEF and Entity framework 4.1 (Magic Unicorn): Simple Batch Architecture written on C#. Uses the .NET 4, MEF and Entity Framework 4.1 Code First. If you dont need a scheduler, just use the sample code. Agents can be scheduled through a central database table. Plug-ins (or jobs) are launched through MEF. DropBox Linker: The goal of DropBox Linker project is to improve DropBox service client usability. It intellectually automates copying URLs to clipboard after publishing a file. Multiple files at once is supported. Additionally, it corrects URL on file rename after its link been copied.Exchange Spigot for NodeXL: Exchange Spigot for NodeXL enables Microsoft Excel plugin NodeXL to collect messaging data from the Microsoft Exchange Server and display that data as a graph. It is developed in C#.G - Low Level Graphics API: A low level graphics api, in similar style to OpenGL, but more OO. Can drastically speed up OpenGL based apps. Makes full use of Net4.0 features such as lambada expressions where useful. (C#, OpenTK powered. This is not for C++) GpgAPI - A C# Api for Gpg: GpgAPI is a C# API for Gpg. Gpg is a command line software to encrypt, decrypt files with a symmetric or assymetric key. You can also managed public keys, import keys from the web, export your public keys, etc. GpgAPI is an interface to Gpg. In C#, with a few lines, you can execute gpg to encrypt, decrypt, etc. The license of this project is "GPL v3"; it is NOT GPL v2. GPL v3 is not present in the licenses list so I had to choose GPL v2. So if use GpgAPI, you must accept the GPL v...iDreamBoard: iDreamBoard is an application to ease the process of creating and editing dreamboard themes for iOS devices. UNDER DEVELOPMENTIETouch: Use IE Touch to access multitouch events from JavaScript in IE. This project uses some of the code from Windows 7 Multitouch .NET Interop Sample Library available in http://archive.msdn.microsoft.com/WindowsTouch/Release/ProjectReleases.aspx?ReleaseId=2127iMaker-Lion: Applications post installation pour Mac OS X sur PC.Informatic System Ma Chung University Alumni Center: Informatic System Ma Chung University Alumni Center is a website for alumni at Information System Faculty at Ma Chung University at Malang, IndonesiaJasc (just another script compressor): Just another script compressor, but that's by far the easiest to use! Use Jasc to merge compress your javascript (JS) and style sheets (CSS). Just drop the executable in your javascript / CSS folder and run it. Voyla! It will handle everything by itself. Compression is based on Microsoft Ajax Minifier. Jasc can handle single or multiple files, will accept regular expressions to remove specific lines from the source code, and can also optimize the results by shrinking variable names and twe...LINQ Extensions Library: A library of useful LINQ extensions allowing for arithmetic manipulation of sequences, statistical analysis, sequence generation, sequence manipulation, pattern detection and more.Mail2FotoFrame: Pulls emails from a POP3-Account, extracts picture-attachments and saves them to a SD-card, so you can view them on a fotoframe.Make web (or sharepoint) pages screenshots with Powershell: From a text file containing url, make screenshot of each page. This powershell script use iecapt.exe project. You can manage width format and delay for each captureModé Internationalé (E-Commerce Site): Mode International is a fictional clothing store, and this website project is meant to be the e-Commerce site for this store. So far, the project has been developed using Java Enterprise Edition and Sockets, but I am considering making the use of C# in ASP .NET in the future.Music House: Site dedicado a musica e afiliadosNiphor's ToolBox: ?????????Nordic nRF24L01+ .NET Micro Framework Driver: Library that enables .NET Micro Framework developers to use Nordic 2.4 GHz wireless tranceivers. This library can be used on any net mf device with SPI interface.Petey's Game Engine: Petey's Game Engine is a XNA 4.0 game engine with a featured blog describing each step of the development. This is a learning project so people may follow and learn as my project evolves.ReportGenerator: ReportGenerator converts XML reports generated by PartCover or NCover into a readable HTML report.Rise of the rabbits: Rise of the RabbitsSapaFinance: SapaFinanceSCSM Copy Object: SCSM Copy Object is a CodePlex project that enables users to select objects in the System Center Service Manager console, click a task in the task pane and create a copy of the selected object(s). Objects can also be copied from command line executables.SharePoint 2010 Language Pack Downloader: SharePoint 2010 Language Pack Downloader is a tool to quickly download multiple language pack files for the SharePoint 2010 Server platform.SharePoint XQuery Reporting Solution: My company's project needs this technology because of the current company has a lot of data is stored in SharePoint, through Infopath data collection, data storage and not all InfoPath field values ​​are saved into a database, a considerable number of data in XML File, which caused difficulties in query and print a report, need a solution. Simply explained the thinking: First step:Put SharePoint, InfoPath XML file later (I did a small tool XMLToDB) or through the Event Handle sync sav...The Pacman: A simple single player game similar to Pacman. Developed using XNA game framework and C#. Game demonstrates usage of fuzzy logic for controlling the AI ghosts. This game is developed to test the effect of fuzzy logic AI in Pacman game.TodoStrike: Todo Strike is a simple todo list keeper.WallpaperDeleter: Simple program to delete the current background wallpaper image.Windows Phone 7 Continuous Integration Testing Framework: WP7 CI is a port of the Silverlight Toolkit Test Framework with added CI support, allowing tests to be run in the emulator from the command lineWolfpack - Distributed System Monitoring: Wolfpack is an extensible, .Net windows service framework for running jobs to monitor your software, system & business KPI's. The data collected can be sent directly to Growl, Geckoboard, WCF, SQL, SQLite, NServiceBus. It comes loaded with some tasks but it's simple to implement your own!

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• SQL Error (2003): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'X.X.X.X.' (10051) - What does this error mean?

  - by BeeS

  I get following error when i try to connect via "HeidiSQL" to my database server (local network) SQL Error (2003): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'X.X.X.X.' (10051) SSH Connection via Putty works fine. I checked the my.cnf file on the server (Ubuntu), but settings like bind_address are correct. Is it possible that my wireless modem (SpeedTouch) makes this trouble? (Because my provider changed the download speed) !? Thank you very much for your help!

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• Xubuntu vs Ubuntu 10.04 Performance

  - by wag2639

  I know it just came out today, but are there any statistics with memory requirements, system resources, power usage, and performance to decide which is better Xubuntu or Ubuntu (XFCE vs Gnome)? My main concern is running it as secondary OS on my Lenovo T400 laptop to just get online quickly and using SSH from a terminal to connect to remote web servers.

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• opendkim reporting read private key failed: no start line

  - by Bob

  I've set up keys with the following: opendkim-genkey -t -s mail -d test.com The private key (pertinent to this question) contains: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- (some stuff here) -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- My opendkim.conf contains: Domain test.com KeyFile /etc/opendkim/dkim.private Selector mail I am then testing with: opendkim-testkey -d test.com -s mail -k /etc/mail/dkim.public Yet receive the following error: opendkim-testkey: PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey() failed error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line The files exist and have opendkim as the user and group, and adequate permissions. Has anyone any advice?

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• Postgresql has broken apt-get on Ubuntu

  - by Raphie Palefsky-Smith

  On ubuntu 12.04, whenever I try to install a package using apt-get I'm greeted by: The following packages have unmet dependencies: postgresql-9.1 : Depends: postgresql-client-9.1 but it is not going to be instal led E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a so lution). apt-get install postgresql-client-9.1 generates: The following packages have unmet dependencies: postgresql-client-9.1 : Breaks: postgresql-9.1 (< 9.1.6-0ubuntu12.04.1) but 9.1.3-2 is to be installed apt-get -f install and apt-get remove postgresql-9.1 both give: Removing postgresql-9.1 ... * Stopping PostgreSQL 9.1 database server * Error: /var/lib/postgresql/9.1/main is not accessible or does not exist ...fail! invoke-rc.d: initscript postgresql, action "stop" failed. dpkg: error processing postgresql-9.1 (--remove): subprocess installed pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: postgresql-9.1 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) So, apt-get is crippled, and I can't find a way out. Is there any way to resolve this without a re-install? EDIT: apt-cache show postgresql-9.1 returns: Package: postgresql-9.1 Priority: optional Section: database Installed-Size: 11164 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]> Original-Maintainer: Martin Pitt <[email protected]> Architecture: amd64 Version: 9.1.6-0ubuntu12.04.1 Replaces: postgresql-contrib-9.1 (<< 9.1~beta1-3~), postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.6-0ubuntu12.04.1) Depends: libc6 (>= 2.15), libcomerr2 (>= 1.01), libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.8+dfsg), libkrb5-3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2), libldap-2.4-2 (>= 2.4.7), libpam0g (>= 0.99.7.1), libpq5 (>= 9.1~), libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0), libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), postgresql-client-9.1, postgresql-common (>= 115~), tzdata, ssl-cert, locales Suggests: oidentd | ident-server, locales-all Conflicts: postgresql (<< 7.5) Breaks: postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.6-0ubuntu12.04.1) Filename: pool/main/p/postgresql-9.1/postgresql-9.1_9.1.6-0ubuntu12.04.1_amd64.deb Size: 4298270 MD5sum: 9ee2ab5f25f949121f736ad80d735d57 SHA1: 5eac1cca8d00c4aec4fb55c46fc2a013bc401642 SHA256: 4e6c24c251a01f1b6a340c96d24fdbb92b5e2f8a2f4a8b6b08a0df0fe4cf62ab Description-en: object-relational SQL database, version 9.1 server PostgreSQL is a fully featured object-relational database management system. It supports a large part of the SQL standard and is designed to be extensible by users in many aspects. Some of the features are: ACID transactions, foreign keys, views, sequences, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions, outer joins, multiversion concurrency control. Graphical user interfaces and bindings for many programming languages are available as well. . This package provides the database server for PostgreSQL 9.1. Servers for other major release versions can be installed simultaneously and are coordinated by the postgresql-common package. A package providing ident-server is needed if you want to authenticate remote connections with identd. Homepage: http://www.postgresql.org/ Description-md5: c487fe4e86f0eac09ed9847282436059 Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Origin: Ubuntu Supported: 5y Task: postgresql-server Package: postgresql-9.1 Priority: optional Section: database Installed-Size: 11164 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]> Original-Maintainer: Martin Pitt <[email protected]> Architecture: amd64 Version: 9.1.5-0ubuntu12.04 Replaces: postgresql-contrib-9.1 (<< 9.1~beta1-3~), postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.5-0ubuntu12.04) Depends: libc6 (>= 2.15), libcomerr2 (>= 1.01), libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.8+dfsg), libkrb5-3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2), libldap-2.4-2 (>= 2.4.7), libpam0g (>= 0.99.7.1), libpq5 (>= 9.1~), libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0), libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), postgresql-client-9.1, postgresql-common (>= 115~), tzdata, ssl-cert, locales Suggests: oidentd | ident-server, locales-all Conflicts: postgresql (<< 7.5) Breaks: postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.5-0ubuntu12.04) Filename: pool/main/p/postgresql-9.1/postgresql-9.1_9.1.5-0ubuntu12.04_amd64.deb Size: 4298028 MD5sum: 3797b030ca8558a67b58e62cc0a22646 SHA1: ad340a9693341621b82b7f91725fda781781c0fb SHA256: 99aa892971976b85bcf6fb2e1bb8bf3e3fb860190679a225e7ceeb8f33f0e84b Description-en: object-relational SQL database, version 9.1 server PostgreSQL is a fully featured object-relational database management system. It supports a large part of the SQL standard and is designed to be extensible by users in many aspects. Some of the features are: ACID transactions, foreign keys, views, sequences, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions, outer joins, multiversion concurrency control. Graphical user interfaces and bindings for many programming languages are available as well. . This package provides the database server for PostgreSQL 9.1. Servers for other major release versions can be installed simultaneously and are coordinated by the postgresql-common package. A package providing ident-server is needed if you want to authenticate remote connections with identd. Homepage: http://www.postgresql.org/ Description-md5: c487fe4e86f0eac09ed9847282436059 Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Origin: Ubuntu Supported: 5y Task: postgresql-server Package: postgresql-9.1 Priority: optional Section: database Installed-Size: 11220 Maintainer: Martin Pitt <[email protected]> Original-Maintainer: Martin Pitt <[email protected]> Architecture: amd64 Version: 9.1.3-2 Replaces: postgresql-contrib-9.1 (<< 9.1~beta1-3~), postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.3-2) Depends: libc6 (>= 2.15), libcomerr2 (>= 1.01), libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.8+dfsg), libkrb5-3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2), libldap-2.4-2 (>= 2.4.7), libpam0g (>= 0.99.7.1), libpq5 (>= 9.1~), libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0), libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), postgresql-client-9.1, postgresql-common (>= 115~), tzdata, ssl-cert, locales Suggests: oidentd | ident-server, locales-all Conflicts: postgresql (<< 7.5) Breaks: postgresql-plpython-9.1 (<< 9.1.3-2) Filename: pool/main/p/postgresql-9.1/postgresql-9.1_9.1.3-2_amd64.deb Size: 4284744 MD5sum: bad9aac349051fe86fd1c1f628797122 SHA1: a3f5d6583cc6e2372a077d7c2fc7adfcfa0d504d SHA256: e885c32950f09db7498c90e12c4d1df0525038d6feb2f83e2e50f563fdde404a Description-en: object-relational SQL database, version 9.1 server PostgreSQL is a fully featured object-relational database management system. It supports a large part of the SQL standard and is designed to be extensible by users in many aspects. Some of the features are: ACID transactions, foreign keys, views, sequences, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions, outer joins, multiversion concurrency control. Graphical user interfaces and bindings for many programming languages are available as well. . This package provides the database server for PostgreSQL 9.1. Servers for other major release versions can be installed simultaneously and are coordinated by the postgresql-common package. A package providing ident-server is needed if you want to authenticate remote connections with identd. Homepage: http://www.postgresql.org/ Description-md5: c487fe4e86f0eac09ed9847282436059 Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Origin: Ubuntu Supported: 5y Task: postgresql-server

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• Multiple git repos in plesk virtual hosts

  - by icc97

  Each plesk vhost only has one user access that httpdocs directory. I want to manage a whole bunch of separate virtual hosts using Git. Does this mean installing a separate Git repository with a separate user / ssh public key combination for each virtual host or is there a way of centralising it at all? Gitosis sounds like it might help - but I'm not sure if it gets round pushing the files to each virtual host.

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• Slow local file transfer (copy) on ESX vmware server?

  - by Sorin Sbarnea

  I have a 8 CPU VmWare ESX server (3.5) with 4 HDD drives in RAID that is not loaded at all. I enabled SSH and installed mc (midnight commander) in order to be able to copy(clone) virtual machines but I observed that if does copy the files very slow - around 3.5mb/s on local drive. Why is this happening and how should I solve the issue?

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• `svn checkout` on the SVN server causes the repo to break with a 301 error

  - by Phillip Oldham

  We have an nginx server which proxies to a standard set-up of Apache+SVN. The nginx set-up is a very simple proxy: server { server_name svn.ourdomain.tld; location / { proxy_pass http://localhost:8080; } } Apache is set-up as follows: <Location /> DAV svn SVNParentPath /var/svn AuthType Basic AuthName "Authentication Required" AuthUserFile /var/svn/.auth Require valid-user </Location> ...which allows us to access repositories using something like http://svn.ourdomain.tld/repo. We've been running this set-up now for about 2 years without issue. Recently we've found that we need to check out one of the repositories onto the server itself, however whenever we do so it seems to break the repo. From that point on, it will only respond with a 301 Moved Permanently error. We've tried: svn co file:///path/to/repo svn co svn://localhost/repo svn co svn://svn.ourdomain.tld/repo svn co svn+ssh://localhost/repo svn co svn+ssh://svn.ourdomain.tld/repo svn co http://localhost/repo svn co http://svn.ourdomain.tld/repo Also tried bypassing nginx, and get the same error: svn co http://localhost:8080/repo svn co http://svn.ourdomain.tld:8080/repo Checking out from a different machine works as expected until we attempt to check out on the server, after that it refuses with the same 301 error. What is more confusing is that this repository server also hosts our HudsonCI server, which can pulls and builds our projects hourly. This leads us to suspect that it's the svn client which is causing an error in communication. Its also very confusing that removing then re-creating the repo using svnadmin doesn't reset the error - the repo is still unavailable even though it's "new"! Restarting apache and subversion (svnserve) has no effect on this, or the original error. Version information: OS: 64-bit CentOS 4.2, 2.6.27 kernel svn client: 1.4.2 (same for both server and remote clients) svn server: 1.4.2 httpd: 2.2.3 UPDATE: This also happens with svn export when run on the repo server. Ran from any other box/client, there isn't a problem. Here's the workflow, to help clarify the error: [~repo-server~]# svnadmin create {repo}; chown -Rf www:www {repo} [remote-client]# svn checkout http://svn.ourdomain.tld/repo [remote-client]# svn add file; svn ci -m '' [~repo-server~]# cd /var/www; svn export file:///path/to/repo/trunk ourproject [remote-client]# svn update fails with 301 error I can also confirm that the hostname of the box doesn't have an effect here, which is very odd: whether or not svn.ourdomain.tld is added to /etc/hosts it still breaks - we thought it could be an issue with localhost routing, but that doesn't seem to be the case. Are we missing something in the documentation which states you can't checkout a repo when the server is on the same box? How can we stop the repos becoming corrupt when we checkout locally?

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• Map Caps Lock to change keyboard layout in Mac OS X

  - by Dmitry Gladkov

  I found System Preferences ? Keyboard ? Modifier Keys menu, but I can map other modifier key to it, not a keyboard shortcut.

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• How to VPN on demand Mac OS X?

  - by Kami

  I'm trying to configure the Snow Leopard's VPN on demand service without success I've tried the following domain+configuration pairs but none of them have worked: domain.net default *.domain.net default My goal is that each time I go to www.domain.net with Safari, ssh server1.domain.net or everything else on this domain.net the connection will be established trough the VPN ! I've tried plenty of different configs but it has never worked so far... Edit : R

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• Creating static NAT blocks outbound traffic Cisco ASA

  - by natediggs

  Hi Everyone, I have two web servers sitting behind a Cisco ASA 5505, which I don't have much experience with. I'm trying to create two static NATs. One static NAT that goes to xx.xx.xx.150 and another that goes to xx.xx.xx.151. I've created the static NAT for the .150 web server and it works FINE. Incoming and outgoing traffic work great. This is the staging web server. I now need to duplicate the setup for the production web server. So, I connect the webserver to the firewall, change the public IP address on one of the NICs reboot the server and I have outbound internet access. Then I run the command: static (inside,outside) xx.xx.xx.150 192.168.1.x which is successful. I then run the command: access-list acl-outside permit tcp any host xx.xx.xx.150 eq 80 Which is successful. I then try to browse the internet and I get nothing. I try to telnet in through port 80 and I get nothing (though I'm guessing because the response to the telnet request is being blocked). I've tried this with the production web server and then I tried it with another web server that is for internal testing and have the exact same problem. Both work fine until I run the static NAT rule and then no outbound internet access. I have a feeling that it's something simple that I'm missing, but my limited experience with this device is killing me. Below I've pasted the current configuration. I'm currently trying to get this to work on the .153 server which is the internal testing server. Once I can verify that works, I'll try it with production. : Saved : ASA Version 8.2(4) ! hostname QG domain-name XX.com enable password passwd names ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address XX.XX.XX.148 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan3 shutdown no forward interface Vlan1 nameif dmz security-level 50 ip address dhcp ! boot system disk0:/asa824.bin ftp mode passive clock timezone EST -5 clock summer-time EDT recurring dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name fw.XXgroup.com same-security-traffic permit inter-interface access-list acl-outside extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.150 eq www access-list acl-outside extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.150 eq https access-list acl-outside extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.151 eq www access-list acl-outside extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.151 eq https access-list acl-outside extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.153 eq www access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 any access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.240 pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 mtu dmz 1500 ip local pool VPNIPs 192.168.1.35-192.168.1.44 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-635.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) XX.XX.XX150 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) XX.XX.XX153 192.168.1.102 netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group acl-outside in interface outside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 XX.XX.XX129 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy aaa authorization command LOCAL http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside http 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set pfs group1 crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic outside_dyn_map crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication crack encryption 3des hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 no crypto isakmp nat-traversal client-update enable telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.33 inside dhcpd dns 208.77.88.4 interface inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept webvpn enable outside svc image disk0:/sslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkg 1 svc image disk0:/anyconnect-win-2.5.2019-k9.pkg 2 svc enable group-policy ATSAdmin internal group-policy ATSAdmin attributes dns-server value 208.77.88.4 208.85.174.9 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec svc webvpn webvpn url-list none svc keep-installer installed svc rekey method ssl svc ask enable username qgadmin password /oHfeGQ/R.bd3KPR encrypted privilege 15 username benl password 0HNIGQNI0uruJvhW encrypted privilege 0 username benl attributes vpn-group-policy ATSAdmin username kuzma password rH7MM7laoynyvf9U encrypted privilege 0 username kuzma attributes vpn-group-policy ATSAdmin username nate password BXHOURyT37e4O5mt encrypted privilege 0 username nate attributes vpn-group-policy ATSAdmin tunnel-group ATSAdmin type remote-access tunnel-group ATSAdmin general-attributes address-pool VPNIPs default-group-policy ATSAdmin tunnel-group SSLVPN type remote-access tunnel-group SSLVPN general-attributes address-pool VPNIPs default-group-policy ATSAdmin ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect ip-options ! service-policy global_policy global privilege cmd level 3 mode exec command perfmon privilege cmd level 3 mode exec command ping privilege cmd level 3 mode exec command who privilege cmd level 3 mode exec command logging privilege cmd level 3 mode exec command failover privilege show level 5 mode exec command running-config privilege show level 3 mode exec command reload privilege show level 3 mode exec command mode privilege show level 3 mode exec command firewall privilege show level 3 mode exec command interface privilege show level 3 mode exec command clock privilege show level 3 mode exec command dns-hosts privilege show level 3 mode exec command access-list privilege show level 3 mode exec command logging privilege show level 3 mode exec command ip privilege show level 3 mode exec command failover privilege show level 3 mode exec command asdm privilege show level 3 mode exec command arp privilege show level 3 mode exec command route privilege show level 3 mode exec command ospf privilege show level 3 mode exec command aaa-server privilege show level 3 mode exec command aaa privilege show level 3 mode exec command crypto privilege show level 3 mode exec command vpn-sessiondb privilege show level 3 mode exec command ssh privilege show level 3 mode exec command dhcpd privilege show level 3 mode exec command vpn privilege show level 3 mode exec command blocks privilege show level 3 mode exec command uauth privilege show level 3 mode configure command interface privilege show level 3 mode configure command clock privilege show level 3 mode configure command access-list privilege show level 3 mode configure command logging privilege show level 3 mode configure command ip privilege show level 3 mode configure command failover privilege show level 5 mode configure command asdm privilege show level 3 mode configure command arp privilege show level 3 mode configure command route privilege show level 3 mode configure command aaa-server privilege show level 3 mode configure command aaa privilege show level 3 mode configure command crypto privilege show level 3 mode configure command ssh privilege show level 3 mode configure command dhcpd privilege show level 5 mode configure command privilege privilege clear level 3 mode exec command dns-hosts privilege clear level 3 mode exec command logging privilege clear level 3 mode exec command arp privilege clear level 3 mode exec command aaa-server privilege clear level 3 mode exec command crypto privilege cmd level 3 mode configure command failover privilege clear level 3 mode configure command logging privilege clear level 3 mode configure command arp privilege clear level 3 mode configure command crypto privilege clear level 3 mode configure command aaa-server prompt hostname context call-home profile CiscoTAC-1 no active destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService destination address email [email protected] destination transport-method http subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic subscribe-to-alert-group environment subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily Cryptochecksum:0ed0580e151af288d865f4f3603d792a : end asdm image disk0:/asdm-635.bin no asdm history enable

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• My current iptable configuration doesn't work [on hold]

  - by Brad

  sudo chkconfig iptables off /etc/init.d/iptables on ### Clear/flush iptables sudo iptables -F sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT ### Allow SSH iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 22 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT ### Allow YUM updates sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 --match owner --uid-owner 0 --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 --match owner --uid-owner 0 --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT ### Add your rules form the link above, here # ftp,smtp,imap,http,https,pop3,imaps,pop3s sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 21,25,143,80,443,110,993,995 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp -m multiport --sports 21,25,143,80,110,443,993,995 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT ## allow dns sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -o eth0 --dport 53 -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i eth0 --sport 53 -j ACCEPT # handling pings sudo iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT # manage ddos attacks sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT ## Implement some logging so that we know what's getting dropped sudo iptables -N LOGGING sudo iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING sudo iptables -A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPTables Packet Dropped: " --log-level 7 sudo iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP # once a rule affects traffic then it is no longer managed # so if the traffic has not been accepted, block it sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -i lo -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -j DROP # allow only internal port forwarding sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -P FORWARD DROP # create an iptables config file sudo iptables-save > /root/dsl.fw ### Append the following to the rc.local file sudo nano /etc/rc.local ####--- /sbin/iptables-restore < sudo /root/dsl.fw ####--- /etc/init.d/iptables save ## check to see if this setting is working great. sudo service iptables restart ## log out/in testing sudo chkconfig iptables on What is the problem with this setup? If I restart the server it doesn't allow me back in SSH, and there may be a problem with Yum Original source of information: https://gist.github.com/Jonathonbyrd/1274837#file-instructions

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• Using Excel VBA to capture standard toolbar use

  - by vwankerl

  I am looking for a way to capture a click on a standard toolbar tool in Excel with VBA. The primary need is to capture any Copy, Cut, and Paste request by the user. I can capture the hot keys for these functions, but I can't find a way to capture the same functions when the user clicks on the icon on the standard toolbar or when the user uses the menu to select the function.

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• Redhat | Openssl installation error

  - by MMRUSer

  make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory `/root/fuse-ssh/nginx-0.7.65' cd /usr/bin/openssl \ && make clean \ && ./config --prefix=/usr/bin/openssl/.openssl no-shared no-threads \ && make \ && make install /bin/sh: line 0: cd: /usr/bin/openssl: Not a directory make[1]: *** [/usr/bin/openssl/.openssl/include/openssl/ssl.h] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/fuse-ssh/nginx-0.7.65' make: *** [build] Error 2 where's the actual location of openssl, there are several different places in my system.. How to solve this issue. rpm -ql openssl /usr/bin/openssl /usr/lib64/openssl /usr/lib64/openssl/engines /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/lib4758cca.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libaep.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libatalla.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libchil.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libcswift.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libgmp.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libnuron.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libsureware.so /usr/lib64/openssl/engines/libubsec.so /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/CHANGES /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/FAQ /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/INSTALL /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/NEWS /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/README /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/README.FIPS /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/c-indentation.el /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl.txt /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl_button.gif /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl_button.html /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/ssleay.txt /usr/bin/openssl /usr/lib/openssl /usr/lib/openssl/engines /usr/lib/openssl/engines/lib4758cca.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libaep.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libatalla.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libchil.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libcswift.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libgmp.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libnuron.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libsureware.so /usr/lib/openssl/engines/libubsec.so /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/CHANGES /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/FAQ /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/INSTALL /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/NEWS /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/README /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/README.FIPS /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/c-indentation.el /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl.txt /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl_button.gif /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/openssl_button.html /usr/share/doc/openssl-0.9.8e/ssleay.txt These are the places.. Thanks.

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• How to export zone file in whm / webhost

  - by Mirage

  Someone wants the zone files , registry keys for the domain name. I don't know how i can get all that information Can anyone guide me the command to execute to get that centOS

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• Windows 7 Enterprise MAK needs Reactivation?

  - by chris

  I have a VMware image that contains our "standard workstation" where I do a lot of testing. I used a Windows 7 Enterprise MAK key (from MSDN) for activation because the doc said that MAK keys don't have to be reactivated when the hardware changes. Activation was done with slmgr.vbs /ipk LICENSE-KEY slmgr.vbs /ato Now after some testing where the virtual hw was changed it says it "needs to activate because the hw has changed". What did I do wrong?

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• What is the § ± key for on Mac keyboards?

  - by Pat Wallace

  Apple's keyboards have a new key, with § and ± symbols on it. Can somebody tell me what these keys are for, and where I should use them? I am aware the symbols have mathematical uses, but I assume they must do something important as well to be on the core keyboard. Or are they just the 'Scroll Lock' of the Apple world?

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• GNU Screen: using VT100 ASCII codes

  - by Heoa

  I try to move with the VT100 keys here in GNU Screen: $ screen $ hello <left><left> ESC C ESC D but "ESC D" deletes until the end of line and ESC C does nothing. Perhaps, I am not using right VT100 emulation. How can I test it and how can I get the ASCII codes working from commandline with Screen?

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• DTaskManager Runtime '5' error?

  - by pcmantinker

  I really enjoy using DTaskManager as an alternative to Windows TaskManager, but recently I've been getting Runtime Error '5' messages. It looks like DTaskManager was programmed in Visual Basic 6, but it is quite powerful. I'm running Windows 7 Enterprise x64 so I suspect that the error might be coming from a Visual Basic runtime problem. I'm not sure which registry keys to edit to fix the Runtime Error '5' message.

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• How to ping virtualbox guest machine by hostname?

  - by Punit Soni

  Here is the summary. VirtualBox 4.2.18 Host OS: Windows 7 Guest OS: Ubuntu 12.04 Networking: Bridged Adaptor I can ping Host and other machines in host's network from ubuntu guest using hostnames. But, I can only ping the guest machine using IP address from host and network machines. I have avahi-daemon running on Guest OS. I want to be able to ping/ssh the guest machine from host and other machines on network using hostname of the guest machine. Please help.

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