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• How to copy this portion of a text file out and put into a hash using rails? (VATsim datafile)

  - by Rusty Broderick

  Hi I'm trying to work out how i can cut out the section between !CLIENTS and the '; ;' and then to parse it into a hash in order to make an xml file. Honestly have no idea how to do it. The file is as follows: vatsim-data.txt original file here ; Created at 30/12/2010 01:29:14 UTC by Data Server V4.0 ; ; Data is the property of VATSIM.net and is not to be used for commercial purposes without the express written permission of the VATSIM.net Founders or their designated agent(s ). ; ; Sections are: ; !GENERAL contains general settings ; !CLIENTS contains informations about all connected clients ; !PREFILE contains informations about all prefiled flight plans ; !SERVERS contains a list of all FSD running servers to which clients can connect ; !VOICE SERVERS contains a list of all running voice servers that clients can use ; ; Data formats of various sections are: ; !GENERAL section - VERSION is this data format version ; RELOAD is time in minutes this file will be updated ; UPDATE is the last date and time this file has been updated. Format is yyyymmddhhnnss ; ATIS ALLOW MIN is time in minutes to wait before allowing manual Atis refresh by way of web page interface ; CONNECTED CLIENTS is the number of clients currently connected ; !CLIENTS section - callsign:cid:realname:clienttype:frequency:latitude:longitude:altitude:groundspeed:planned_aircraft:planned_tascruise:planned_depairport:planned_altitude:planned_destairport:server:protrevision:rating:transponder:facilitytype:visualrange:planned_revision:planned_flighttype:planned_deptime:planned_actdeptime:planned_hrsenroute:planned_minenroute:planned_hrsfuel:planned_minfuel:planned_altairport:planned_remarks:planned_route:planned_depairport_lat:planned_depairport_lon:planned_destairport_lat:planned_destairport_lon:atis_message:time_last_atis_received:time_logon:heading:QNH_iHg:QNH_Mb: ; !PREFILE section - callsign:cid:realname:clienttype:frequency:latitude:longitude:altitude:groundspeed:planned_aircraft:planned_tascruise:planned_depairport:planned_altitude:planned_destairport:server:protrevision:rating:transponder:facilitytype:visualrange:planned_revision:planned_flighttype:planned_deptime:planned_actdeptime:planned_hrsenroute:planned_minenroute:planned_hrsfuel:planned_minfuel:planned_altairport:planned_remarks:planned_route:planned_depairport_lat:planned_depairport_lon:planned_destairport_lat:planned_destairport_lon:atis_message:time_last_atis_received:time_logon:heading:QNH_iHg:QNH_Mb: ; !SERVERS section - ident:hostname_or_IP:location:name:clients_connection_allowed: ; !VOICE SERVERS section - hostname_or_IP:location:name:clients_connection_allowed:type_of_voice_server: ; ; Field separator is : character ; ; !GENERAL: VERSION = 8 RELOAD = 2 UPDATE = 20101230012914 ATIS ALLOW MIN = 5 CONNECTED CLIENTS = 515 ; ; !VOICE SERVERS: voice2.vacc-sag.org:Nurnberg:Europe-CW:1:R: voice.vatsim.fi:Finland - Sponsored by Verkkokauppa.com and NBL Solutions:Finland:1:R: rw.liveatc.net:USA, California:Liveatc:1:R: rw1.vatpac.org:Melbourne, Australia:Oceania:1:R: spain.vatsim.net:Spain:Vatsim Spain Server:1:R: voice.nyartcc.org:Sponsored by NY ARTCC:NY-ARTCC:1:R: voice.zhuartcc.net:Sponsored by Houston ARTCC:ZHU-ARTCC:1:R: ; ; !CLIENTS: 01PD:1090811:prentis gibbs KJFK:PILOT::40.64841:-73.81030:15:0::0::::USA-E:100:1:1200::::::::::::::::::::20101230010851:28:30.1:1019: 4X-BRH:1074589:george sandoval LLJR:PILOT::50.05618:-125.84429:10819:206:C337/G:150:CYAL:FL120:CCI9:EUROPE-C2:100:1:6043:::2:I:110:110:1:26:2:59:: /T/:DCT:0:0:0:0:::20101230005323:129:29.76:1007: 50125:1109107:Dave Frew KEDU:PILOT::46.52736:-121.95317:23877:471:B/B744/F:530:KTCM:30000:KLSV:USA-E:100:1:7723:::1:I:0:116:0:0:0:0:::GPS DIRECT.:0:0:0:0:::20101230012346:164:29.769:1008: 85013:1126003:Dmitry Abramov UWWW:PILOT::76.53819:71.54782:33444:423:T/ZZZZ/G:500:UUDD:FL330:ULAA:EUROPE-C2:100:1:2200:::2:I:0:2139:0:0:0:0:ULLI::BITSA DCT WM/N0485S1010 DCT KS DCT NE R22 ULWW B153 LAPEK B210 SU G476 OLATA:0:0:0:0:::20101229215815:62:53.264:1803: ; ; !SERVERS: EUROPE-C2:88.198.19.202:Europe:Center Europe Server Two:1: ; ; END I want to format the html with the tags with client being the parent and the nested tags as follows: callsign:cid:realname:clienttype:frequency:latitude:longitude:altitude:groundspeed:planned_aircraft:planned_tascruise:planned_depairport:planned_altitude:planned_destairport:server:protrevision:rating:transponder:facilitytype:visualrange:planned_revision:planned_flighttype:planned_deptime:planned_actdeptime:planned_hrsenroute:planned_minenroute:planned_hrsfuel:planned_minfuel:planned_altairport:planned_remarks:planned_route:planned_depairport_lat:planned_depairport_lon:planned_destairport_lat:planned_destairport_lon:atis_message:time_last_atis_received:time_logon:heading:QNH_iHg:QNH_Mb: Any help in solving this would be much appreciated!

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• Future of VB.NET? [closed]

  - by Alex Yeung

  Hi all, I worked with C# for years. Last year, I changed my job and the company use VB.NET. Of course, theoretically C# and VB.NET are very similar and I easily adapted. However, I have worked for VB.NET for 1 year. I cannot see any future of VB.NET. As a programming language, it is so foo. Here is a list of what C# can do but VB.NET cannot Case insensitive variables how to think a new variable name? If I have a property called FolderPath, i need to establish another private variable called _folderPath or m_folderPath. In C#, FolderPath and folderPath are two variables. Moreover, it gets compile error if variable name is same as a class name. For example Dim guid = Guid.NewGuid(). (What the...) Again, I need to think a new variable name. Adhoc scope In C#, we could use {...} to create a adhoc scope and all resource in {...} will not affect the code outside. However there is not such syntax in VB.NET. I could only use If True Then and End If to make a local scope which is so unclear. In-Method Region Sometime, it is unavoidable to have a long long method. VB.NET does not support in-method region. I always need to scroll down for 1000 lines. It wastes my time. No multi-line string definition In C#, we could var s = @"..." to define a multi-line string. In VB.NET there is no direct method to do that. The indirect way is use XML-literal string. Dim s = <![CDATA[...]]>.Value. However it is unclear. No block comment In C#, we have line comment // and block comment /* ... */. However in VB.NET we only have line comment which is a very big trouble for me. No statement end symbol Statements are separated by line break in VB.NET; while statements are separated by ; in C#. Underscore I think many people know underscore _ is continue statement symbol. I really disagree with that. I know MS VB.NET language team is going to remove the underscore syntax from VB.NET. However what can we do now? Although underscore is removed in the future, what's the advantage of that? I cannot see any advantage! With scope With scope is an evil scope. Although it allows shorter statement, it is hard to trace. Default Namesapce in project level It is a nightmare for me. The only advantage of VB.NET is property initialization. I think C# cannot do that (correct me if I am wrong.) Public Property ThisIsMyProperty As String = "MyValue" Remarks: I don't think optional method parameters is an advantage of OOP. By those disadvantages, I cannot see the future of VB.NET. Anyone sees the future of VB.NET?

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• Wrapping a paragraph inside a div?

  - by LOD121

  How do I make my paragraph wrap inside my div? It is currently overflowing outside of the div and I have no idea how to stop the paragraph from overflowing over the edge. I do not want a scroll bar with: overflow: scroll; and the other overflow options don't seem to help here either... I have the following code: div { width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; } .container { overflow: hidden; } .content { width: 1000px; float: left; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; } .rightpanel { width: 190px; float: right; margin-right: 0; } <div class="container"> <div class="content"> <p>Some content flowing over more than one line</p> </div> <div class="rightpanel"> <!-- content --> </div> </div> Edit: <div class="container"> <div class="content"> <div class="leftcontent"> </div> <div class="newsfeed"> <div class="newsitem"> <p>Full age sex set feel her told. Tastes giving in passed direct me valley as supply. End great stood boy noisy often way taken short. Rent the size our more door. Years no place abode in no child my. Man pianoforte too solicitude friendship devonshire ten ask. Course sooner its silent but formal she led. Extensive he assurance extremity at breakfast. Dear sure ye sold fine sell on. Projection at up connection literature insensible motionless projecting.<br><br>Be at miss or each good play home they. It leave taste mr in it fancy. She son lose does fond bred gave lady get. Sir her company conduct expense bed any. Sister depend change off piqued one. Contented continued any happiness instantly objection yet her allowance. Use correct day new brought tedious. By come this been in. Kept easy or sons my it done.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="rightpanel"> </div>

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• How can a single disk in a hardware SATA RAID-10 array bring the entire array to a screeching halt?

  - by Stu Thompson

  Prelude: I'm a code-monkey that's increasingly taken on SysAdmin duties for my small company. My code is our product, and increasingly we provide the same app as SaaS. About 18 months ago I moved our servers from a premium hosting centric vendor to a barebones rack pusher in a tier IV data center. (Literally across the street.) This ment doing much more ourselves--things like networking, storage and monitoring. As part the big move, to replace our leased direct attached storage from the hosting company, I built a 9TB two-node NAS based on SuperMicro chassises, 3ware RAID cards, Ubuntu 10.04, two dozen SATA disks, DRBD and . It's all lovingly documented in three blog posts: Building up & testing a new 9TB SATA RAID10 NFSv4 NAS: Part I, Part II and Part III. We also setup a Cacit monitoring system. Recently we've been adding more and more data points, like SMART values. I could not have done all this without the awesome boffins at ServerFault. It's been a fun and educational experience. My boss is happy (we saved bucket loads of $$$), our customers are happy (storage costs are down), I'm happy (fun, fun, fun). Until yesterday. Outage & Recovery: Some time after lunch we started getting reports of sluggish performance from our application, an on-demand streaming media CMS. About the same time our Cacti monitoring system sent a blizzard of emails. One of the more telling alerts was a graph of iostat await. Performance became so degraded that Pingdom began sending "server down" notifications. The overall load was moderate, there was not traffic spike. After logging onto the application servers, NFS clients of the NAS, I confirmed that just about everything was experiencing highly intermittent and insanely long IO wait times. And once I hopped onto the primary NAS node itself, the same delays were evident when trying to navigate the problem array's file system. Time to fail over, that went well. Within 20 minuts everything was confirmed to be back up and running perfectly. Post-Mortem: After any and all system failures I perform a post-mortem to determine the cause of the failure. First thing I did was ssh back into the box and start reviewing logs. It was offline, completely. Time for a trip to the data center. Hardware reset, backup an and running. In /var/syslog I found this scary looking entry: Nov 15 06:49:44 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_00], 6 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors Nov 15 06:49:44 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_07], SMART Prefailure Attribute: 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate changed from 171 to 170 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_10], 16 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_10], 4 Offline uncorrectable sectors Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 6576 3421766910 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 6087 3421766910 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 10% 5901 656821791 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 4 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 5818 651637856 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: So I went to check the Cacti graphs for the disks in the array. Here we see that, yes, disk 7 is slipping away just like syslog says it is. But we also see that disk 8's SMART Read Erros are fluctuating. There are no messages about disk 8 in syslog. More interesting is that the fluctuating values for disk 8 directly correlate to the high IO wait times! My interpretation is that: Disk 8 is experiencing an odd hardware fault that results in intermittent long operation times. Somehow this fault condition on the disk is locking up the entire array Maybe there is a more accurate or correct description, but the net result has been that the one disk is impacting the performance of the whole array. The Question(s) How can a single disk in a hardware SATA RAID-10 array bring the entire array to a screeching halt? Am I being naïve to think that the RAID card should have dealt with this? How can I prevent a single misbehaving disk from impacting the entire array? Am I missing something?

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• ADO program to list members of a large group.

  - by AlexGomez

  Hi everyone, I'm attempting to list all the members in a Active Directory group using ADO. The problem I have is that many of these groups have over 1500 members and ADSI cannot handle more than 1500 items in a multi-valued attribute. Fortunately I came across Richard Muller's wonderful VBScript that handles more than 1500 members at http://www.rlmueller.net/DocumentLargeGroup.htm I modified his code as shown below so that I can list ALL the groups and its memberships in a certain OU. However, I'm keeping getting the exception shown below: "ADODB.Recordset: Item cannot be found in the collection corresponding to the requested name or ordinal." My program appears to get stuck at: strPath = adoRecordset.Fields("ADsPath").Value Set objGroup = GetObject(strPath) All I am doing above is issuing the query to get back a recordset consisting of the ADsPath for each group in the OU. It then walks through the recordset and grabs the ADsPath for the first group and store its in a variable named strPath; we then use the value of that variable to bind to the group account for that group. It really should work! Any idea why the code below doesn't work for me? Any pointers will be great appreciated. Thanks. Option Explicit Dim objRootDSE, strDNSDomain, adoCommand Dim adoConnection, strBase, strAttributes Dim strFilter, strQuery, adoRecordset Dim strDN, intCount, blnLast, intLowRange Dim intHighRange, intRangeStep, objField Dim objGroup, objMember, strName ' Determine DNS domain name. Set objRootDSE = GetObject("LDAP://RootDSE") 'strDNSDomain = objRootDSE.Get("DefaultNamingContext") strDNSDomain = "XXXXXXXX" ' Use ADO to search Active Directory. Set adoCommand = CreateObject("ADODB.Command") Set adoConnection = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") adoConnection.Provider = "ADsDSOObject" adoConnection.Open = "Active Directory Provider" adoCommand.ActiveConnection = adoConnection adoCommand.Properties("Page Size") = 100 adoCommand.Properties("Timeout") = 30 adoCommand.Properties("Cache Results") = False ' Specify base of search. strBase = "<LDAP://" & strDNSDomain & ">" ' Specify the attribute values to retrieve. strAttributes = "member" ' Filter on objects of class "group" strFilter = "(&(objectClass=group)(samAccountName=*))" ' Enumerate direct group members. ' Use range limits to handle more than 1000/1500 members. ' Setup to retrieve 1000 members at a time. blnLast = False intRangeStep = 999 intLowRange = 0 IntHighRange = intLowRange + intRangeStep Do While True If (blnLast = True) Then ' If last query, retrieve remaining members. strQuery = strBase & ";" & strFilter & ";" _ & strAttributes & ";range=" & intLowRange _ & "-*;subtree" Else ' If not last query, retrieve 1000 members. strQuery = strBase & ";" & strFilter & ";" _ & strAttributes & ";range=" & intLowRange & "-" _ & intHighRange & ";subtree" End If adoCommand.CommandText = strQuery Set adoRecordset = adoCommand.Execute adoRecordset.MoveFirst intCount = 0 Do Until adoRecordset.EOF strPath = adoRecordset.Fields("ADsPath").Value Set objGroup = GetObject(strPath) For Each objField In adoRecordset.Fields If (VarType(objField) = (vbArray + vbVariant)) _ Then For Each strDN In objField.Value ' Escape any forward slash characters, "/", with the backslash ' escape character. All other characters that should be escaped are. strDN = Replace(strDN, "/", "\/") ' Check dictionary object for duplicates. 'If (objGroupList.Exists(strDN) = False) Then ' Add to dictionary object. 'objGroupList.Add strDN, True ' Bind to each group member, to find member's samAccountName Set objMember = GetObject("LDAP://" & strDN) ' Output group cn, group samaAccountName and group member's samAccountName. Wscript.Echo objMember.samAccountName intCount = intCount + 1 'End if Next End If Next adoRecordset.MoveNext Loop adoRecordset.Close ' If this is the last query, exit the Do While loop. If (blnLast = True) Then Exit Do End If ' If the previous query returned no members, then the previous ' query for the next 1000 members failed. Perform one more ' query to retrieve remaining members (less than 1000). If (intCount = 0) Then blnLast = True Else ' Setup to retrieve next 1000 members. intLowRange = intHighRange + 1 intHighRange = intLowRange + intRangeStep End If Loop

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• Internet Explorer Automation: how to suppress Open/Save dialog?

  - by Vladimir Dyuzhev

  When controlling IE instance via MSHTML, how to suppress Open/Save dialogs for non-HTML content? I need to get data from another system and import it into our one. Due to budget constraints no development (e.g. WS) can be done on the other side for some time, so my only option for now is to do web scrapping. The remote site is ASP.NET-based, so simple HTML requests won't work -- too much JS. I wrote a simple C# application that uses MSHTML and SHDocView to control an IE instance. So far so good: I can perform login, navigate to desired page, populate required fields and do submit. Then I face a couple of problems: First is that report is opening in another window. I suspect I can attach to that window too by enumerating IE windows in the system. Second, more troublesome, is that report itself is CSV file, and triggers Open/Save dialog. I'd like to avoid it and make IE save the file into given location OR I'm fine with programmatically clicking dialog buttons too (how?) I'm actually totally non-Windows guy (unix/J2EE), and hope someone with better knowledge would give me a hint how to do those tasks. Thanks! UPDATE I've found a promising document on MSDN: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-ca/library/aa770041.aspx Control the kinds of content that are downloaded and what the WebBrowser Control does with them once they are downloaded. For example, you can prevent videos from playing, script from running, or new windows from opening when users click on links, or prevent Microsoft ActiveX controls from downloading or executing. Slowly reading through... UPDATE 2: MADE IT WORK, SORT OF... Finally I made it work, but in an ugly way. Essentially, I register a handler "before navigate", then, in the handler, if the URL is matching my target file, I cancel the navigation, but remember the URL, and use WebClient class to access and download that temporal URL directly. I cannot copy the whole code here, it contains a lot of garbage, but here are the essential parts: Installing handler: _IE2.FileDownload += new DWebBrowserEvents2_FileDownloadEventHandler(IE2_FileDownload); _IE.BeforeNavigate2 += new DWebBrowserEvents2_BeforeNavigate2EventHandler(IE_OnBeforeNavigate2); Recording URL and then cancelling download (thus preventing Save dialog to appear): public string downloadUrl; void IE_OnBeforeNavigate2(Object ob1, ref Object URL, ref Object Flags, ref Object Name, ref Object da, ref Object Head, ref bool Cancel) { Console.WriteLine("Before Navigate2 "+URL); if (URL.ToString().EndsWith(".csv")) { Console.WriteLine("CSV file"); downloadUrl = URL.ToString(); } Cancel = false; } void IE2_FileDownload(bool activeDocument, ref bool cancel) { Console.WriteLine("FileDownload, downloading "+downloadUrl+" instead"); cancel = true; } void IE_OnNewWindow2(ref Object o, ref bool cancel) { Console.WriteLine("OnNewWindow2"); _IE2 = new SHDocVw.InternetExplorer(); _IE2.BeforeNavigate2 += new DWebBrowserEvents2_BeforeNavigate2EventHandler(IE_OnBeforeNavigate2); _IE2.Visible = true; o = _IE2; _IE2.FileDownload += new DWebBrowserEvents2_FileDownloadEventHandler(IE2_FileDownload); _IE2.Silent = true; cancel = false; return; } And in the calling code using the found URL for direct download: ... driver.ClickButton(".*_btnRunReport"); driver.WaitForComplete(); Thread.Sleep(10000); WebClient Client = new WebClient(); Client.DownloadFile(driver.downloadUrl, "C:\\affinity.dump"); (driver is a simple wrapper over IE instance = _IE) Hope that helps someone.

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• All UITableCells rendered at once... why?

  - by Greg

  I'm extremely confused by the proper behavior of UITableView cell rendering. Here's the situation: I have a list of 250 items that are loading into a table view, each with an image. To optimize the image download, I followed along with Apple's LazyTableImages sample code... pretty much following it exactly. Really good system... for reference, here's the cell renderer within the Apple sample code: - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // customize the appearance of table view cells // static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"LazyTableCell"; static NSString *PlaceholderCellIdentifier = @"PlaceholderCell"; // add a placeholder cell while waiting on table data int nodeCount = [self.entries count]; if (nodeCount == 0 && indexPath.row == 0) { UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:PlaceholderCellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:PlaceholderCellIdentifier] autorelease]; cell.detailTextLabel.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter; cell.selectionStyle = UITableViewCellSelectionStyleNone; } cell.detailTextLabel.text = @"Loading…"; return cell; } UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; cell.selectionStyle = UITableViewCellSelectionStyleNone; } // Leave cells empty if there's no data yet if (nodeCount > 0) { // Set up the cell... AppRecord *appRecord = [self.entries objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; cell.textLabel.text = appRecord.appName; cell.detailTextLabel.text = appRecord.artist; // Only load cached images; defer new downloads until scrolling ends if (!appRecord.appIcon) { if (self.tableView.dragging == NO && self.tableView.decelerating == NO) { [self startIconDownload:appRecord forIndexPath:indexPath]; } // if a download is deferred or in progress, return a placeholder image cell.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"Placeholder.png"]; } else { cell.imageView.image = appRecord.appIcon; } } return cell; } So – my implementation of Apple's LazyTableImages system has one crucial flaw: it starts all downloads for all images immediately. Now, if I remove this line: //[self startIconDownload:appRecord forIndexPath:indexPath]; Then the system behaves exactly like you would expect: new images load as their placeholders scroll into view. However, the initial view cells do not automatically load their images without that prompt in the cell renderer. So, I have a problem: with the prompt in the cell renderer, all images load at once. Without the prompt, the initial view doesn't load. Now, this works fine in Apple sample code, which got me wondering what was going on with mine. It's almost like it was building all cells up front rather than just the 8 or so that would appear within the display. So, I got looking into it, and this is indeed the case... my table is building 250 unique cells! I didn't think the UITableView worked like this, I guess I thought it only built as many items as were needed to populate the table. Is this the case, or is it correct that it would build all 250 cells up front? Also – related question: I've tried to compare my implementation against the Apple LazyTableImages sample, but have discovered that NSLog appears to be disabled within the Apple sample code (which makes direct behavior comparisons extremely difficult). Is that just a simple publish setting somewhere, or has Apple somehow locked down their samples so that you can't log output at runtime? Thanks!

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• More localized, efficient Lowest Common Ancestor algorithm given multiple binary trees?

  - by mstksg

  I have multiple binary trees stored as an array. In each slot is either nil (or null; pick your language) or a fixed tuple storing two numbers: the indices of the two "children". No node will have only one child -- it's either none or two. Think of each slot as a binary node that only stores pointers to its children, and no inherent value. Take this system of binary trees: 0 1 / \ / \ 2 3 4 5 / \ / \ 6 7 8 9 / \ 10 11 The associated array would be: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 [ [2,3] , [4,5] , [6,7] , nil , nil , [8,9] , nil , [10,11] , nil , nil , nil , nil ] I've already written simple functions to find direct parents of nodes (simply by searching from the front until there is a node that contains the child) Furthermore, let us say that at relevant times, both all trees are anywhere between a few to a few thousand levels deep. I'd like to find a function P(m,n) to find the lowest common ancestor of m and n -- to put more formally, the LCA is defined as the "lowest", or deepest node in which have m and n as descendants (children, or children of children, etc.). If there is none, a nil would be a valid return. Some examples, given our given tree: P( 6,11) # => 2 P( 3,10) # => 0 P( 8, 6) # => nil P( 2,11) # => 2 The main method I've been able to find is one that uses an Euler trace, which turns the given tree, with a node A to be the invisible parent of 0 and 1 with a depth of -1, into: A-0-2-6-2-7-10-7-11-7-2-0-3-0-A-1-4-1-5-8-5-9-5-1-A And from that, simply find the node between your given m and n that has the lowest number; For example, to find P(6,11), look for a 6 and an 11 on the trace. The number between them that is the lowest is 2, and that's your answer. If A is in between them, return nil. -- Calculating P(6,11) -- A-0-2-6-2-7-10-7-11-7-2-0-3-0-A-1-4-1-5-8-5-9-5-1-A ^ ^ ^ | | | m lowest n Unfortunately, I do believe that finding the Euler trace of a tree that can be several thousands of levels deep is a bit machine-taxing...and because my tree is constantly being changed throughout the course of the programming, every time I wanted to find the LCA, I'd have to re-calculate the Euler trace and hold it in memory every time. Is there a more memory efficient way, given the framework I'm using? One that maybe iterates upwards? One way I could think of would be the "count" the generation/depth of both nodes, and climb the lowest node until it matched the depth of the highest, and increment both until they find someone similar. But that'd involve climbing up from level, say, 3025, back to 0, twice, to count the generation, and using a terribly inefficient climbing-up algorithm in the first place, and then re-climbing back up. Are there any other better ways?

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• How to Deserialize this Xml file?

  - by Robin-Hood

  Hello experts, I have this Xml file, and I need to Deserialize it back to a class. The problem is: what is the right structure/design of this class considering that the count of the Xml element (RowInfo) is not constant? The Xml File: <?xml version="1.0"?> <SomeObject xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" > <Layers> <Layer Id="0"> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,1</RowInfo> <RowInfo>1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1</RowInfo> </Layer> </Layers> </SomeObject> Appreciate your help. Thanks. Edit1:also considering that (Layers) may contains more than one layer.

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• Performance issues with repeatable loops as control part

  - by djerry

  Hey guys, In my application, i need to show made calls to the user. The user can arrange some filters, according to what they want to see. The problem is that i find it quite hard to filter the calls without losing performance. This is what i am using now : private void ProcessFilterChoice() { _filteredCalls = ServiceConnector.ServiceConnector.SingletonServiceConnector.Proxy.GetAllCalls().ToList(); if (cboOutgoingIncoming.SelectedIndex > -1) GetFilterPartOutgoingIncoming(); if (cboInternExtern.SelectedIndex > -1) GetFilterPartInternExtern(); if (cboDateFilter.SelectedIndex > -1) GetFilteredCallsByDate(); wbPdf.Source = null; btnPrint.Content = "Pdf preview"; } private void GetFilterPartOutgoingIncoming() { if (cboOutgoingIncoming.SelectedItem.ToString().Equals("Outgoing")) for (int i = _filteredCalls.Count - 1; i > -1; i--) { if (_filteredCalls[i].Caller.E164.Length > 4 || _filteredCalls[i].Caller.E164.Equals("0")) _filteredCalls.RemoveAt(i); } else if (cboOutgoingIncoming.SelectedItem.ToString().Equals("Incoming")) for (int i = _filteredCalls.Count - 1; i > -1; i--) { if (_filteredCalls[i].Called.E164.Length > 4 || _filteredCalls[i].Called.E164.Equals("0")) _filteredCalls.RemoveAt(i); } } private void GetFilterPartInternExtern() { if (cboInternExtern.SelectedItem.ToString().Equals("Intern")) for (int i = _filteredCalls.Count - 1; i > -1; i--) { if (_filteredCalls[i].Called.E164.Length > 4 || _filteredCalls[i].Caller.E164.Length > 4 || _filteredCalls[i].Caller.E164.Equals("0")) _filteredCalls.RemoveAt(i); } else if (cboInternExtern.SelectedItem.ToString().Equals("Extern")) for (int i = _filteredCalls.Count - 1; i > -1; i--) { if ((_filteredCalls[i].Called.E164.Length < 5 && _filteredCalls[i].Caller.E164.Length < 5) || _filteredCalls[i].Called.E164.Equals("0")) _filteredCalls.RemoveAt(i); } } private void GetFilteredCallsByDate() { DateTime period = DateTime.Now; switch (cboDateFilter.SelectedItem.ToString()) { case "Today": period = DateTime.Today; break; case "Last week": period = DateTime.Today.Subtract(new TimeSpan(7, 0, 0, 0)); break; case "Last month": period = DateTime.Today.AddMonths(-1); break; case "Last year": period = DateTime.Today.AddYears(-1); break; default: return; } for (int i = _filteredCalls.Count - 1; i > -1; i--) { if (_filteredCalls[i].Start < period) _filteredCalls.RemoveAt(i); } } _filtered calls is a list of "calls". Calls is a class that looks like this : [DataContract] public class Call { private User caller, called; private DateTime start, end; private string conferenceId; private int id; private bool isNew = false; [DataMember] public bool IsNew { get { return isNew; } set { isNew = value; } } [DataMember] public int Id { get { return id; } set { id = value; } } [DataMember] public string ConferenceId { get { return conferenceId; } set { conferenceId = value; } } [DataMember] public DateTime End { get { return end; } set { end = value; } } [DataMember] public DateTime Start { get { return start; } set { start = value; } } [DataMember] public User Called { get { return called; } set { called = value; } } [DataMember] public User Caller { get { return caller; } set { caller = value; } } Can anyone direct me to a better solution or make some suggestions.

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• can't implement jquery jScrollPane to replace browser's scrollbars

  - by Zack

  I am trying to replace browser's scrollbars with jScrollPane (jQuery), it won't work. Here are two attempts to implement it: a basic attempt, and an attempt to imitate the full page demo for jScrollPane. I've been trying everything I could think of to figure out what didn't work, but couldn't. here is my code: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title></title> <!-- styles needed by jScrollPane --> <link type="text/css" href="style/jquery.jscrollpane.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" id="page-css"> /* Styles specific to this particular page */ html { overflow: auto; } #full-page-container { overflow: auto; } .scroll-pane { width: 100%; height: 200px; overflow: auto; } .horizontal-only { height: auto; max-height: 200px; } </style> <!-- latest jQuery direct from google's CDN --> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- the mousewheel plugin --> <script type="text/javascript" src="script/jquery.mousewheel.js"></script> <!-- the jScrollPane script --> <script type="text/javascript" src="script/jquery.jscrollpane.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="sourcecode"> $(function () { var win = $(window); // Full body scroll var isResizing = false; win.bind( 'resize', function () { if (!isResizing) { isResizing = true; var container = $('#full-page-container'); // Temporarily make the container tiny so it doesn't influence the // calculation of the size of the document container.css( { 'width': 1, 'height': 1 } ); // Now make it the size of the window... container.css( { 'width': win.width(), 'height': win.height() } ); isResizing = false; container.jScrollPane( { 'showArrows': true } ); } } ).trigger('resize'); // Workaround for known Opera issue which breaks demo (see // http://jscrollpane.kelvinluck.com/known_issues.html#opera-scrollbar ) $('body').css('overflow', 'hidden'); // IE calculates the width incorrectly first time round (it // doesn't count the space used by the native scrollbar) so // we re-trigger if necessary. if ($('#full-page-container').width() != win.width()) { win.trigger('resize'); } }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="full-page-container"> This is the most basic implementation of jScrollPane I could create, if I am not wrong this has all it should take, yet it doesn't work. a little lorem ipsum to make the scrollbars show up: [here come's lot's of lorem ipsum text in the actual page...] </div> </body> </html> The other option is the same, with a link to demo.css and demo.js.

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• Resolving a Forward Declaration Issue Involving a State Machine in C++

  - by hypersonicninja

  I've recently returned to C++ development after a hiatus, and have a question regarding implementation of the State Design Pattern. I'm using the vanilla pattern, exactly as per the GoF book. My problem is that the state machine itself is based on some hardware used as part of an embedded system - so the design is fixed and can't be changed. This results in a circular dependency between two of the states (in particular), and I'm trying to resolve this. Here's the simplified code (note that I tried to resolve this by using headers as usual but still had problems - I've omitted them in this code snippet): #include <iostream> #include <memory> using namespace std; class Context { public: friend class State; Context() { } private: State* m_state; }; class State { public: State() { } virtual void Trigger1() = 0; virtual void Trigger2() = 0; }; class LLT : public State { public: LLT() { } void Trigger1() { new DH(); } void Trigger2() { new DL(); } }; class ALL : public State { public: ALL() { } void Trigger1() { new LLT(); } void Trigger2() { new DH(); } }; // DL needs to 'know' about DH. class DL : public State { public: DL() { } void Trigger1() { new ALL(); } void Trigger2() { new DH(); } }; class HLT : public State { public: HLT() { } void Trigger1() { new DH(); } void Trigger2() { new DL(); } }; class AHL : public State { public: AHL() { } void Trigger1() { new DH(); } void Trigger2() { new HLT(); } }; // DH needs to 'know' about DL. class DH : public State { public: DH () { } void Trigger1() { new AHL(); } void Trigger2() { new DL(); } }; int main() { auto_ptr<LLT> llt (new LLT); auto_ptr<ALL> all (new ALL); auto_ptr<DL> dl (new DL); auto_ptr<HLT> hlt (new HLT); auto_ptr<AHL> ahl (new AHL); auto_ptr<DH> dh (new DH); return 0; } The problem is basically that in the State Pattern, state transitions are made by invoking the the ChangeState method in the Context class, which invokes the constructor of the next state. Because of the circular dependency, I can't invoke the constructor because it's not possible to pre-define both of the constructors of the 'problem' states. I had a look at this article, and the template method which seemed to be the ideal solution - but it doesn't compile and my knowledge of templates is a rather limited... The other idea I had is to try and introduce a Helper class to the subclassed states, via multiple inheritance, to see if it's possible to specify the base class's constructor and have a reference to the state subclasse's constructor. But I think that was rather ambitious... Finally, would a direct implmentation of the Factory Method Design Pattern be the best way to resolve the entire problem?

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• asp.net how to add TemplateField programmatically for about 10 dropdownlist...

  - by dotnet-practitioner

  This is my third time asking this question. I am not getting good answers regarding this. I wish I could get some help but I will keep asking this question because its a good question and SO experts should not ignore this... So I have about 10 dropdownlist controls that I add manually in the DetailsView control manually like follows. I should be able to add this programmatically. Please help and do not ignore... <asp:DetailsView ID="dvProfile" runat="server" AutoGenerateRows="False" DataKeyNames="memberid" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" OnPreRender = "_onprerender" Height="50px" onm="" Width="125px"> <Fields> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Your Gender"> <EditItemTemplate> <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlGender" runat="server" DataSourceid="ddlDAGender" DataTextField="Gender" DataValueField="GenderID" SelectedValue='<%#Bind("GenderID") %>' > </asp:DropDownList> </EditItemTemplate> <ItemTemplate > <asp:Label Runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("Gender") %>' ID="lblGender"></asp:Label> </ItemTemplate> so on and so forth... <asp:CommandField ShowEditButton="True" ShowInsertButton="True" /> </Fields> </asp:DetailsView> ======================================================= Added on 5/3/09 This is what I have so far and I still can not add the drop down list programmatically. private void PopulateItemTemplate(string luControl) { SqlDataSource ds = new SqlDataSource(); ds = (SqlDataSource)FindControl("ddlDAGender"); DataView dvw = new DataView(); DataSourceSelectArguments args = new DataSourceSelectArguments(); dvw = (DataView)ds.Select(args); DataTable dt = dvw.ToTable(); DetailsView dv = (DetailsView)LoginView2.FindControl("dvProfile"); TemplateField tf = new TemplateField(); tf.HeaderText = "Your Gender"; tf.ItemTemplate = new ProfileItemTemplate("Gender", ListItemType.Item); tf.EditItemTemplate = new ProfileItemTemplate("Gender", ListItemType.EditItem); dv.Fields.Add(tf); } public class ProfileItemTemplate : ITemplate { private string ctlName; ListItemType _lit; private string _strDDLName; private string _strDVField; private string _strDTField; private string _strSelectedID; private DataTable _dt; public ProfileItemTemplate(string strDDLName, string strDVField, string strDTField, DataTable dt ) { _dt = dt; _strDDLName = strDDLName; _strDVField = strDVField; _strDTField = strDTField; } public ProfileItemTemplate(string strDDLName, string strDVField, string strDTField, string strSelectedID, DataTable dt ) { _dt = dt; _strDDLName = strDDLName; _strDVField = strDVField; _strDTField = strDTField; _strSelectedID = strSelectedID; } public ProfileItemTemplate(string ControlName, ListItemType lit) { ctlName = ControlName; _lit = lit; } public void InstantiateIn(Control container) { switch(_lit) { case ListItemType.Item : Label lbl = new Label(); lbl.DataBinding += new EventHandler(this.ddl_DataBinding_item); container.Controls.Add(lbl); break; case ListItemType.EditItem : DropDownList ddl = new DropDownList(); ddl.DataBinding += new EventHandler(this.lbl_DataBinding); container.Controls.Add(ddl); break; } } private void ddl_DataBinding_item(object sender, EventArgs e) { DropDownList ddl = (DropDownList)sender; ddl.ID = _strDDLName; ddl.DataSource = _dt; ddl.DataValueField = _strDVField; ddl.DataTextField = _strDVField; } private void lbl_DataBinding(object sender, EventArgs e) { Label lbl = (Label)sender; lbl.ID = "lblGender"; DropDownList ddl = (DropDownList)sender; ddl.ID = _strDDLName; ddl.DataSource = _dt; ddl.DataValueField = _strDVField; ddl.DataTextField = _strDTField; for (int i = 0; i < _dt.Rows.Count; i++) { if (_strSelectedID == _dt.Rows[i][_strDVField].ToString()) { ddl.SelectedIndex = i; } } lbl.Text = ddl.SelectedValue; } } Please help me....

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• I want to use blur function instead mouseup function

  - by yossi

  I have the Demo Table which I can click on the cell(td tag) and I can change the value on it.direct php DataBase. to do that I need to contain two tags.1 - span. 2 - input. like the below. <td class='Name'> <span id="spanName1" class="text" style="display: inline;"> Somevalue </span> <input type="text" value="Somevalue" class="edittd" id="inputName1" style="display: none; "> </td> to control on the data inside the cell I use in jquery .mouseup function. mouseup work but also make truble. I need to replace it with blur function but when I try to replace mouseup with blur the program thas not work becose, when I click on the cell I able to enter the input tag and I can change the value but I can't Successful to Leave the tag/field by clicking out side the table, which alow me to update the DataBase you can see that Demo with blur Here. what you advice me to do? $(".edittd").mouseup(function() { return false; }); //************* $(document).mouseup(function() { $('#span' + COLUME + ROW).show(); $('#input'+ COLUME + ROW ).hide(); VAL = $("#input" + COLUME + ROW).val(); $("#span" + COLUME + ROW).html(VAL); if(STATUS != VAL){ //******ajax code //dataString = $.trim(this.value); $.ajax({ type: "POST", dataType: 'html', url: "./public/php/ajax.php", data: 'COLUME='+COLUME+'&ROW='+ROW+'&VAL='+VAL, //{"dataString": dataString} cache: false, success: function(data) { $("#statuS").html(data); } }); //******end ajax $('#statuS').removeClass('statuSnoChange') .addClass('statuSChange'); $('#statuS').html('THERE IS CHANGE'); $('#tables').load('TableEdit2.php'); } else { //alert(DATASTRING+'status not true'); } });//End mouseup function I change it to: $(document).ready(function() { var COLUMES,COLUME,VALUE,VAL,ROWS,ROW,STATUS,DATASTRING; $('td').click(function() { COLUME = $(this).attr('class'); }); //**************** $('tr').click(function() { ROW = $(this).attr('id'); $('#display_Colume_Raw').html(COLUME+ROW); $('#span' + COLUME + ROW).hide(); $('#input'+ COLUME + ROW ).show(); STATUS = $("#input" + COLUME + ROW).val(); }); //******************** $(document).blur(function() { $('#span' + COLUME + ROW).show(); $('#input'+ COLUME + ROW ).hide(); VAL = $("#input" + COLUME + ROW).val(); $("#span" + COLUME + ROW).html(VAL); if(STATUS != VAL){ //******ajax code //dataString = $.trim(this.value); $.ajax({ type: "POST", dataType: 'html', url: "./public/php/ajax.php", data: 'COLUME='+COLUME+'&ROW='+ROW+'&VAL='+VAL, //{"dataString": dataString} cache: false, success: function(data) { $("#statuS").html(data); } }); //******end ajax $('#statuS').removeClass('statuSnoChange') .addClass('statuSChange'); $('#statuS').html('THERE IS CHANGE'); $('#tables').load('TableEdit2.php'); } else { //alert(DATASTRING+'status not true'); } });//End mouseup function $('#save').click (function(){ var input1,input2,input3,input4=""; input1 = $('#input1').attr('value'); input2 = $('#input2').attr('value'); input3 = $('#input3').attr('value'); input4 = $('#input4').attr('value'); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "./public/php/ajax.php", data: "input1="+ input1 +"&input2="+ input2 +"&input3="+ input3 +"&input4="+ input4, success: function(data){ $("#statuS").html(data); $('#tbl').hide(function(){$('div.success').fadeIn();}); $('#tables').load('TableEdit2.php'); } }); }); }); Thx

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• Infinite sharing system (PHP/MySQLi)

  - by Toine Lille

  I'm working on a discount system for whichever customer shares a product and brings in new customers. Each unique visit = $0.05 off, each new customer = $0.50 off (it's a cheap product so yeah, no big numbers). When a new customer shares the site, the customer initially responsible for the new customer (if any) will get half of the new customer's discount as well. The initial customer would get a fourth for the next level and the new customer half of that, etc, creating a tree or pyramid that way that could be infinite. Initial customer ($1.35 discount: 2 new+3 visits + half of 1 new+2 visits) Visitor ($0) Visitor ($0) New customer ($0.60) Visitor ($0) Visitor ($0) Newer customer ($0) New customer ($0) Visitor ($0) The customers are saved along with their IP addresses (bin2hex(inet_pton)) in a database table (customers) with info like a unique id, e-mail address and first date/time the purchased a product (= time of registration). The shares are saved in a separate table within the same database (sharing). Each unique IP addresses that visits the site creates a new row featuring the IP address (also saved as bin2hex(inet_pton)), the id of the customer who shared it and the date/time of the visit. Sharing goes via URL, featuring a GET element containing the customer's id. Visits and new customers overlap, as visits will always occur before the new customer does. That's fine. The date/times are used just to make it a little more secure (I also use the IP along with cookies to see if people cheat the system). If an IP is already in the sharing or customer tables, it does not count and will not create a new entry. Now the problem is, how to make the infinity happen and apply the different values to it? That's all I'd need to know. It needs to calculate the discount for each customer separately, but also allow for monitoring altogether (though that's just a matter of passing all ID's through it). I figured I'd start (after the database connection) with $stmt = $con->prepare('SELECT ip,datetime FROM sharing WHERE sender=?'); $stmt->bind_param('i',$customerid); $stmt->execute(); $stmt->store_result(); $discount = $discount + ($stmt->num_rows * 0.05); $stmt->bind_result($ip,$timeofsharing); to translate all the visits to $0.05 of discount each. To check for the new customers that came from these visits, I wrote the following: while ($sql->fetch()) { $stmt2 = $con->prepare("SELECT datetime FROM users WHERE ip=?"); $stmt2->bind_param('s',$ip); $stmt2->execute(); $stmt2->store_result(); $stmt2->bind_result($timeofpurchase); Followed by a little more security comparing the datetimes: while ($stmt2->fetch()) { if (strtotime($timeofpurchase) < strtotime($timeofsharing)) { $discount = $discount + $0.50; } But this is just for the initial customer's direct results. If I'd want to check for the next level, I'd basically have to put the exact same check and loop in itself, checking each new customer the initial customer they brought to the site, and then for the next level again to check all of the newer customers, etc, etc. What to do? / Where to go? / What would be the correct practice for this? Thanks!

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• Why this code is not working on linux server ?

  - by user488001

  Hello Experts, I am new in Zend Framework, and this code is use for downloading contents. This code is working in localhost but when i tried to execute in linux server it shows error file not found. public function downloadAnnouncementsAction() { $file= $this-_getParam('file'); $file = str_replace("%2F","/",$this-_getParam('file')); // Allow direct file download (hotlinking)? // Empty - allow hotlinking // If set to nonempty value (Example: example.com) will only allow downloads when referrer contains this text define('ALLOWED_REFERRER', ''); // Download folder, i.e. folder where you keep all files for download. // MUST end with slash (i.e. "/" ) define('BASE_DIR','file_upload'); // log downloads? true/false define('LOG_DOWNLOADS',true); // log file name define('LOG_FILE','downloads.log'); // Allowed extensions list in format 'extension' => 'mime type' // If myme type is set to empty string then script will try to detect mime type // itself, which would only work if you have Mimetype or Fileinfo extensions // installed on server. $allowed_ext = array ( // audio 'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg', 'wav' => 'audio/x-wav', // video 'mpeg' => 'video/mpeg', 'mpg' => 'video/mpeg', 'mpe' => 'video/mpeg', 'mov' => 'video/quicktime', 'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo' ); // If hotlinking not allowed then make hackers think there are some server problems if (ALLOWED_REFERRER !== '' && (!isset($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']) || strpos(strtoupper($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']),strtoupper(ALLOWED_REFERRER)) === false) ) { die("Internal server error. Please contact system administrator."); } // Make sure program execution doesn't time out // Set maximum script execution time in seconds (0 means no limit) set_time_limit(0); if (!isset($file) || empty($file)) { die("Please specify file name for download."); } // Nullbyte hack fix if (strpos($file, "\0") !== FALSE) die(''); // Get real file name. // Remove any path info to avoid hacking by adding relative path, etc. $fname = basename($file); // Check if the file exists // Check in subfolders too function find_file ($dirname, $fname, &$file_path) { $dir = opendir($dirname); while ($file = readdir($dir)) { if (empty($file_path) && $file != '.' && $file != '..') { if (is_dir($dirname.'/'.$file)) { find_file($dirname.'/'.$file, $fname, $file_path); } else { if (file_exists($dirname.'/'.$fname)) { $file_path = $dirname.'/'.$fname; return; } } } } } // find_file // get full file path (including subfolders) $file_path = ''; find_file(BASE_DIR, $fname, $file_path); if (!is_file($file_path)) { die("File does not exist. Make sure you specified correct file name."); } // file size in bytes $fsize = filesize($file_path); // file extension $fext = strtolower(substr(strrchr($fname,"."),1)); // check if allowed extension if (!array_key_exists($fext, $allowed_ext)) { die("Not allowed file type."); } // get mime type if ($allowed_ext[$fext] == '') { $mtype = ''; // mime type is not set, get from server settings if (function_exists('mime_content_type')) { $mtype = mime_content_type($file_path); } else if (function_exists('finfo_file')) { $finfo = finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME); // return mime type $mtype = finfo_file($finfo, $file_path); finfo_close($finfo); } if ($mtype == '') { $mtype = "application/force-download"; } } else { // get mime type defined by admin $mtype = $allowed_ext[$fext]; } // Browser will try to save file with this filename, regardless original filename. // You can override it if needed. if (!isset($_GET['fc']) || empty($_GET['fc'])) { $asfname = $fname; } else { // remove some bad chars $asfname = str_replace(array('"',"'",'\\','/'), '', $_GET['fc']); if ($asfname === '') $asfname = 'NoName'; } // set headers header("Pragma: public"); header("Expires: 0"); header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0"); header("Cache-Control: public"); header("Content-Description: File Transfer"); header("Content-Type: $mtype"); header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"$asfname\""); header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary"); header("Content-Length: " . $fsize); // download // @readfile($file_path); $file = @fopen($file_path,"rb"); if ($file) { while(!feof($file)) { print(fread($file, 1024*8)); flush(); if (connection_status()!=0) { @fclose($file); die(); } } @fclose($file); } // log downloads if (!LOG_DOWNLOADS) die(); $f = @fopen(LOG_FILE, 'a+'); if ($f) { @fputs($f, date("m.d.Y g:ia")." ".$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']." ".$fname."\n"); @fclose($f); } } please Help...

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• Split a Large File In C++

  - by wdow88

  Hey all, I'm trying to write a program that takes a large file (of any time) and splits it into many smaller "chunks". I think I have the basic idea down, but for some reason I cannot create a chunk size over 12,000 bites. I know there are a few solutions on google, etc. but I am more interested in learning what the origin of this limitation is then actually using the program to split files. //This file splits are larger into smaller files of a user inputted size. #include<iostream> #include<fstream> #include<string> #include<sstream> #include <direct.h> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; void GetCurrentPath(char* buffer) { _getcwd(buffer, _MAX_PATH); } int main() { // use the function to get the path char CurrentPath[_MAX_PATH]; GetCurrentPath(CurrentPath);//Get the current directory (used for displaying output) fstream bigFile; string filename; int partsize; cout << "Enter a file name: "; cin >> filename; //Recieve target file cout << "Enter the number of bites in each smaller file: "; cin >> partsize; //Recieve volume size bigFile.open(filename.c_str(),ios::in | ios::binary); bigFile.seekg(0, ios::end); // position get-ptr 0 bytes from end int size = bigFile.tellg(); // get-ptr position is now same as file size bigFile.seekg(0, ios::beg); // position get-ptr 0 bytes from beginning for (int i = 0; i <= (size / partsize); i++) { //Build File Name string partname = filename; //The original filename string charnum; //archive number stringstream out; //stringstream object out, used to build the archive name out << "." << i; charnum = out.str(); partname.append(charnum); //put the part name together //Write new file part fstream filePart; filePart.open(partname.c_str(),ios::out | ios::binary); //Open new file with the name built above //Check if near the end of file if (bigFile.tellg() < (size - (size%partsize))) { filePart.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&bigFile),partsize); //Write the selected amount to the file filePart.close(); //close file bigFile.seekg(partsize, ios::cur); //move pointer to next position to be written } //Changes the size of the last volume because it is the end of the file else { filePart.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&bigFile),(size%partsize)); //Write the selected amount to the file filePart.close(); //close file } cout << "File " << CurrentPath << partname << " produced" << endl; //display the progress of the split } bigFile.close(); cout << "Split Complete." << endl; return 0; } Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Accessing a broken mdadm raid

  - by CarstenCarsten

  Hi! I used a western digital mybookworld (SOHO NAS storage using Linux) as backup for my Linux box. Suddenly, the mybookworld does not boot up any more. So I opened the box, removed the hard disk and put the hard disk into an external USB HDD case, and connected it to my Linux box. [ 530.640301] usb 2-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 [ 530.797630] scsi7 : usb-storage 2-1:1.0 [ 531.794844] scsi 7:0:0:0: Direct-Access WDC WD75 00AAKS-00RBA0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 [ 531.796490] sd 7:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 [ 531.797966] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] 1465149168 512-byte logical blocks: (750 GB/698 GiB) [ 531.800317] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off [ 531.800327] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 38 00 00 00 [ 531.800333] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 531.803821] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 531.803836] sdc: sdc1 sdc2 sdc3 sdc4 [ 531.815831] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 531.815842] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk The dmesg output looks normal, but I was wondering why the hardisk was not mounted at all. And why there are 4 different partitions on it. fdisk showed the following: root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# fdisk /dev/sdc WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdc: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00007c00 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 4 369 2939895 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc2 370 382 104422+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc3 383 505 987997+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc4 506 91201 728515620 fd Linux raid autodetect Oh no! Everything seems to be created as a mdadm software raid. Calling mdadm --examine with the different partitions seems to affirm that. I think the only partition I am interested in, is /dev/sdc4 (because it is the largest). But nevertheless I called mdadm --examine with every partition. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 00.90.00 UUID : 5626a2d8:070ad992:ef1c8d24:cd8e13e4 Creation Time : Wed Feb 20 00:57:49 2002 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 2939776 (2.80 GiB 3.01 GB) Array Size : 2939776 (2.80 GiB 3.01 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Preferred Minor : 1 Update Time : Sun Nov 21 11:05:27 2010 State : clean Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : 4c90bc55 - correct Events : 16682 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 0 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 1 0 0 1 faulty removed root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc2: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 00.90.00 UUID : 9734b3ee:2d5af206:05fe3413:585f7f26 Creation Time : Wed Feb 20 00:57:54 2002 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 104320 (101.89 MiB 106.82 MB) Array Size : 104320 (101.89 MiB 106.82 MB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Preferred Minor : 2 Update Time : Wed Oct 27 20:19:08 2010 State : clean Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : 55560b40 - correct Events : 9884 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2 0 0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2 1 1 0 0 1 faulty removed root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdc3: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 00.90.00 UUID : 08f30b4f:91cca15d:2332bfef:48e67824 Creation Time : Wed Feb 20 00:57:54 2002 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 987904 (964.91 MiB 1011.61 MB) Array Size : 987904 (964.91 MiB 1011.61 MB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Preferred Minor : 3 Update Time : Sun Nov 21 11:05:27 2010 State : clean Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : 39717874 - correct Events : 73678 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 3 0 active sync 0 0 8 3 0 active sync 1 1 0 0 1 faulty removed root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc4 /dev/sdc4: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 00.90.00 UUID : febb75ca:e9d1ce18:f14cc006:f759419a Creation Time : Wed Feb 20 00:57:55 2002 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 728515520 (694.77 GiB 746.00 GB) Array Size : 728515520 (694.77 GiB 746.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Preferred Minor : 4 Update Time : Sun Nov 21 11:05:27 2010 State : clean Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : 2f36a392 - correct Events : 519320 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 4 0 active sync 0 0 8 4 0 active sync 1 1 0 0 1 faulty removed If I read the output correctly everything was removed, because it was faulty. Is there ANY way to see the contents of the largest partition? Or seeing somehow which files are broken? I see that everything is raid1 which is only mirroring, so this should be a normal partition. I am anxious to do anything with mdadm, in fear that I destroy the data on the hard disk. I would be very thankful for any help.

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• TypeError: Object {...} has no method 'find' - when using mongoose with express

  - by sdouble

  I'm having trouble getting data from MongoDB using mongoose schemas with express. I first tested with just mongoose in a single file (mongoosetest.js) and it works fine. But when I start dividing it all up with express routes and config files, things start to break. I'm sure it's something simple, but I've spent the last 3 hours googling and trying to figure out what I'm doing wrong and can't find anything that matches my process enough to compare. mongoosetest.js (this works fine, but not for my application) var mongoose = require('mongoose'); mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/meanstack'); var db = mongoose.connection; var userSchema = mongoose.Schema({ name: String }, {collection: 'users'}); var User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema); User.find(function(err, users) { console.log(users); }); These files are where I'm having issues. I'm sure it's something silly, probably a direct result of using external files, exports, and requires. My server.js file just starts up and configures express. I also have a routing file and a db config file. routing file (allRoutes.js) var express = require('express'); var router = express.Router(); var db = require('../config/db'); var User = db.User(); // routes router.get('/user/list', function(req, res) { User.find(function(err, users) { console.log(users); }); }); // catch-all route router.get('*', function(req, res) { res.sendfile('./public/index.html'); }); module.exports = router; dbconfig file (db.js) var mongoose = require('mongoose'); var dbHost = 'localhost'; var dbName = 'meanstack'; var db = mongoose.createConnection(dbHost, dbName); var Schema = mongoose.Schema, ObjectId = Schema.ObjectId; db.once('open', function callback() { console.log('connected'); }); // schemas var User = new Schema({ name : String }, {collection: 'users'}); // models mongoose.model('User', User); var User = mongoose.model('User'); //exports module.exports.User = User; I receive the following error when I browse to localhost:3000/user/list TypeError: Object { _id: 5398bed35473f98c494168a3 } has no method 'find' at Object.module.exports [as handle] (C:\...\routes\allRoutes.js:8:8) at next_layer (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:103:13) at Route.dispatch (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\route.js:107:5) at C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:213:24 at Function.proto.process_params (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:284:12) at next (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:207:19) at Function.proto.handle (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:154:3) at Layer.router (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:24:12) at trim_prefix (C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:255:15) at C:\...\node_modules\express\lib\router\index.js:216:9 Like I said, it's probably something silly that I'm messing up with trying to organize my code since my single file (mongoosetest.js) works as expected. Thanks.

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• Where does ASP.NET Web API Fit?

  - by Rick Strahl

  With the pending release of ASP.NET MVC 4 and the new ASP.NET Web API, there has been a lot of discussion of where the new Web API technology fits in the ASP.NET Web stack. There are a lot of choices to build HTTP based applications available now on the stack - we've come a long way from when WebForms and Http Handlers/Modules where the only real options. Today we have WebForms, MVC, ASP.NET Web Pages, ASP.NET AJAX, WCF REST and now Web API as well as the core ASP.NET runtime to choose to build HTTP content with. Web API definitely squarely addresses the 'API' aspect - building consumable services - rather than HTML content, but even to that end there are a lot of choices you have today. So where does Web API fit, and when doesn't it? But before we get into that discussion, let's talk about what a Web API is and why we should care. What's a Web API? HTTP 'APIs' (Microsoft's new terminology for a service I guess)  are becoming increasingly more important with the rise of the many devices in use today. Most mobile devices like phones and tablets run Apps that are using data retrieved from the Web over HTTP. Desktop applications are also moving in this direction with more and more online content and synching moving into even traditional desktop applications. The pending Windows 8 release promises an app like platform for both the desktop and other devices, that also emphasizes consuming data from the Cloud. Likewise many Web browser hosted applications these days are relying on rich client functionality to create and manipulate the browser user interface, using AJAX rather than server generated HTML data to load up the user interface with data. These mobile or rich Web applications use their HTTP connection to return data rather than HTML markup in the form of JSON or XML typically. But an API can also serve other kinds of data, like images or other binary files, or even text data and HTML (although that's less common). A Web API is what feeds rich applications with data. ASP.NET Web API aims to service this particular segment of Web development by providing easy semantics to route and handle incoming requests and an easy to use platform to serve HTTP data in just about any content format you choose to create and serve from the server. But .NET already has various HTTP Platforms The .NET stack already includes a number of technologies that provide the ability to create HTTP service back ends, and it has done so since the very beginnings of the .NET platform. From raw HTTP Handlers and Modules in the core ASP.NET runtime, to high level platforms like ASP.NET MVC, Web Forms, ASP.NET AJAX and the WCF REST engine (which technically is not ASP.NET, but can integrate with it), you've always been able to handle just about any kind of HTTP request and response with ASP.NET. The beauty of the raw ASP.NET platform is that it provides you everything you need to build just about any type of HTTP application you can dream up from low level APIs/custom engines to high level HTML generation engine. ASP.NET as a core platform clearly has stood the test of time 10+ years later and all other frameworks like Web API are built on top of this ASP.NET core. However, although it's possible to create Web APIs / Services using any of the existing out of box .NET technologies, none of them have been a really nice fit for building arbitrary HTTP based APIs. Sure, you can use an HttpHandler to create just about anything, but you have to build a lot of plumbing to build something more complex like a comprehensive API that serves a variety of requests, handles multiple output formats and can easily pass data up to the server in a variety of ways. Likewise you can use ASP.NET MVC to handle routing and creating content in various formats fairly easily, but it doesn't provide a great way to automatically negotiate content types and serve various content formats directly (it's possible to do with some plumbing code of your own but not built in). Prior to Web API, Microsoft's main push for HTTP services has been WCF REST, which was always an awkward technology that had a severe personality conflict, not being clear on whether it wanted to be part of WCF or purely a separate technology. In the end it didn't do either WCF compatibility or WCF agnostic pure HTTP operation very well, which made for a very developer-unfriendly environment. Personally I didn't like any of the implementations at the time, so much so that I ended up building my own HTTP service engine (as part of the West Wind Web Toolkit), as have a few other third party tools that provided much better integration and ease of use. With the release of Web API for the first time I feel that I can finally use the tools in the box and not have to worry about creating and maintaining my own toolkit as Web API addresses just about all the features I implemented on my own and much more. ASP.NET Web API provides a better HTTP Experience ASP.NET Web API differentiates itself from the previous Microsoft in-box HTTP service solutions in that it was built from the ground up around the HTTP protocol and its messaging semantics. Unlike WCF REST or ASP.NET AJAX with ASMX, it’s a brand new platform rather than bolted on technology that is supposed to work in the context of an existing framework. The strength of the new ASP.NET Web API is that it combines the best features of the platforms that came before it, to provide a comprehensive and very usable HTTP platform. Because it's based on ASP.NET and borrows a lot of concepts from ASP.NET MVC, Web API should be immediately familiar and comfortable to most ASP.NET developers. Here are some of the features that Web API provides that I like: Strong Support for URL Routing to produce clean URLs using familiar MVC style routing semantics Content Negotiation based on Accept headers for request and response serialization Support for a host of supported output formats including JSON, XML, ATOM Strong default support for REST semantics but they are optional Easily extensible Formatter support to add new input/output types Deep support for more advanced HTTP features via HttpResponseMessage and HttpRequestMessage classes and strongly typed Enums to describe many HTTP operations Convention based design that drives you into doing the right thing for HTTP Services Very extensible, based on MVC like extensibility model of Formatters and Filters Self-hostable in non-Web applications  Testable using testing concepts similar to MVC Web API is meant to handle any kind of HTTP input and produce output and status codes using the full spectrum of HTTP functionality available in a straight forward and flexible manner. Looking at the list above you can see that a lot of functionality is very similar to ASP.NET MVC, so many ASP.NET developers should feel quite comfortable with the concepts of Web API. The Routing and core infrastructure of Web API are very similar to how MVC works providing many of the benefits of MVC, but with focus on HTTP access and manipulation in Controller methods rather than HTML generation in MVC. There’s much improved support for content negotiation based on HTTP Accept headers with the framework capable of detecting automatically what content the client is sending and requesting and serving the appropriate data format in return. This seems like such a little and obvious thing, but it's really important. Today's service backends often are used by multiple clients/applications and being able to choose the right data format for what fits best for the client is very important. While previous solutions were able to accomplish this using a variety of mixed features of WCF and ASP.NET, Web API combines all this functionality into a single robust server side HTTP framework that intrinsically understands the HTTP semantics and subtly drives you in the right direction for most operations. And when you need to customize or do something that is not built in, there are lots of hooks and overrides for most behaviors, and even many low level hook points that allow you to plug in custom functionality with relatively little effort. No Brainers for Web API There are a few scenarios that are a slam dunk for Web API. If your primary focus of an application or even a part of an application is some sort of API then Web API makes great sense. HTTP ServicesIf you're building a comprehensive HTTP API that is to be consumed over the Web, Web API is a perfect fit. You can isolate the logic in Web API and build your application as a service breaking out the logic into controllers as needed. Because the primary interface is the service there's no confusion of what should go where (MVC or API). Perfect fit. Primary AJAX BackendsIf you're building rich client Web applications that are relying heavily on AJAX callbacks to serve its data, Web API is also a slam dunk. Again because much if not most of the business logic will probably end up in your Web API service logic, there's no confusion over where logic should go and there's no duplication. In Single Page Applications (SPA), typically there's very little HTML based logic served other than bringing up a shell UI and then filling the data from the server with AJAX which means the business logic required for data retrieval and data acceptance and validation too lives in the Web API. Perfect fit. Generic HTTP EndpointsAnother good fit are generic HTTP endpoints that to serve data or handle 'utility' type functionality in typical Web applications. If you need to implement an image server, or an upload handler in the past I'd implement that as an HTTP handler. With Web API you now have a well defined place where you can implement these types of generic 'services' in a location that can easily add endpoints (via Controller methods) or separated out as more full featured APIs. Granted this could be done with MVC as well, but Web API seems a clearer and more well defined place to store generic application services. This is one thing I used to do a lot of in my own libraries and Web API addresses this nicely. Great fit. Mixed HTML and AJAX Applications: Not a clear Choice  For all the commonality that Web API and MVC share they are fundamentally different platforms that are independent of each other. A lot of people have asked when does it make sense to use MVC vs. Web API when you're dealing with typical Web application that creates HTML and also uses AJAX functionality for rich functionality. While it's easy to say that all 'service'/AJAX logic should go into a Web API and all HTML related generation into MVC, that can often result in a lot of code duplication. Also MVC supports JSON and XML result data fairly easily as well so there's some confusion where that 'trigger point' is of when you should switch to Web API vs. just implementing functionality as part of MVC controllers. Ultimately there's a tradeoff between isolation of functionality and duplication. A good rule of thumb I think works is that if a large chunk of the application's functionality serves data Web API is a good choice, but if you have a couple of small AJAX requests to serve data to a grid or autocomplete box it'd be overkill to separate out that logic into a separate Web API controller. Web API does add overhead to your application (it's yet another framework that sits on top of core ASP.NET) so it should be worth it .Keep in mind that MVC can generate HTML and JSON/XML and just about any other content easily and that functionality is not going away, so just because you Web API is there it doesn't mean you have to use it. Web API is not a full replacement for MVC obviously either since there's not the same level of support to feed HTML from Web API controllers (although you can host a RazorEngine easily enough if you really want to go that route) so if you're HTML is part of your API or application in general MVC is still a better choice either alone or in combination with Web API. I suspect (and hope) that in the future Web API's functionality will merge even closer with MVC so that you might even be able to mix functionality of both into single Controllers so that you don't have to make any trade offs, but at the moment that's not the case. Some Issues To think about Web API is similar to MVC but not the Same Although Web API looks a lot like MVC it's not the same and some common functionality of MVC behaves differently in Web API. For example, the way single POST variables are handled is different than MVC and doesn't lend itself particularly well to some AJAX scenarios with POST data. Code Duplication I already touched on this in the Mixed HTML and Web API section, but if you build an MVC application that also exposes a Web API it's quite likely that you end up duplicating a bunch of code and - potentially - infrastructure. You may have to create authentication logic both for an HTML application and for the Web API which might need something different altogether. More often than not though the same logic is used, and there's no easy way to share. If you implement an MVC ActionFilter and you want that same functionality in your Web API you'll end up creating the filter twice. AJAX Data or AJAX HTML On a recent post's comments, David made some really good points regarding the commonality of MVC and Web API's and its place. One comment that caught my eye was a little more generic, regarding data services vs. HTML services. David says: I see a lot of merit in the combination of Knockout.js, client side templates and view models, calling Web API for a responsive UI, but sometimes late at night that still leaves me wondering why I would no longer be using some of the nice tooling and features that have evolved in MVC ;-) You know what - I can totally relate to that. On the last Web based mobile app I worked on, we decided to serve HTML partials to the client via AJAX for many (but not all!) things, rather than sending down raw data to inject into the DOM on the client via templating or direct manipulation. While there are definitely more bytes on the wire, with this, the overhead ended up being actually fairly small if you keep the 'data' requests small and atomic. Performance was often made up by the lack of client side rendering of HTML. Server rendered HTML for AJAX templating gives so much better infrastructure support without having to screw around with 20 mismatched client libraries. Especially with MVC and partials it's pretty easy to break out your HTML logic into very small, atomic chunks, so it's actually easy to create small rendering islands that can be used via composition on the server, or via AJAX calls to small, tight partials that return HTML to the client. Although this is often frowned upon as to 'heavy', it worked really well in terms of developer effort as well as providing surprisingly good performance on devices. There's still plenty of jQuery and AJAX logic happening on the client but it's more manageable in small doses rather than trying to do the entire UI composition with JavaScript and/or 'not-quite-there-yet' template engines that are very difficult to debug. This is not an issue directly related to Web API of course, but something to think about especially for AJAX or SPA style applications. Summary Web API is a great new addition to the ASP.NET platform and it addresses a serious need for consolidation of a lot of half-baked HTTP service API technologies that came before it. Web API feels 'right', and hits the right combination of usability and flexibility at least for me and it's a good fit for true API scenarios. However, just because a new platform is available it doesn't meant that other tools or tech that came before it should be discarded or even upgraded to the new platform. There's nothing wrong with continuing to use MVC controller methods to handle API tasks if that's what your app is running now - there's very little to be gained by upgrading to Web API just because. But going forward Web API clearly is the way to go, when building HTTP data interfaces and it's good to see that Microsoft got this one right - it was sorely needed! Resources ASP.NET Web API AspConf Ask the Experts Session (first 5 minutes) © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Step by Step:How to use Web Services in ASP.NET AJAX

  - by Yousef_Jadallah

  In my Article Preventing Duplicate Date With ASP.NET AJAX I’ve used ASP.NET AJAX With Web Service Technology, Therefore I add this topic as an introduction how to access Web services from client script in AJAX-enabled ASP.NET Web pages. As well I write this topic to answer the common questions which most of the developers face while working with ASP.NET Ajax Web Services especially in Microsoft ASP.NET official forum http://forums.asp.net/. ASP.NET enables you to create Web services can be accessed from client script in Web pages by using AJAX technology to make Web service calls. Data is exchanged asynchronously between client and server, typically in JSON format.   Lets go a head with the steps :   1-Create a new project , if you are using VS 2005 you have to create ASP.NET Ajax Enabled Web site.   2-Add new Item , Choose Web Service file .     3-To make your Web Services accessible from script, first it must be an .asmx Web service whose Web service class is qualified with the ScriptServiceAttribute attribute and every method you are using to be called from Client script must be qualified with the WebMethodAttribute attribute. On other hand you can use your Web page( CS or VB files) to add static methods accessible from Client Script , just you need to add WebMethod Attribute and set the EnablePageMethods attribute of the ScriptManager control to true..   The other condition is to register the ScriptHandlerFactory HTTP handler, which processes calls made from script to .asmx Web services : <system.web> <httpHandlers> <remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/> <add verb="*" path="*.asmx" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory" validate="false"/> </httpHandlers> <system.web> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } but this already added automatically for any Web.config file of any ASP.NET AJAX Enabled WebSite or Project, So you don’t need to add it.   4-Avoid the default Method HelloWorld, then add your method in your asmx file lets say  OurServerOutput , As a consequence your Web service will be like this : using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services;     [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService] public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService {     [WebMethod] public string OurServerOutput() { return "The Server Date and Time is : " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   5-Add ScriptManager Contol to your aspx file then reference the Web service by adding an asp:ServiceReference child element to the ScriptManager control and setting its path attribute to point to the Web service, That generate a JavaScript proxy class for calling the specified Web service from client script.   <asp:ScriptManager runat="server" ID="scriptManager"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="WebService.asmx" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   Basically ,to enable your application to call Web services(.asmx files) by using client script, the server asynchronous communication layer automatically generates JavaScript proxy classes. A proxy class is generated for each Web service for which an <asp:ServiceReference> element is included under the <asp:ScriptManager> control in the page.   6-Create new button to call the JavaSciprt function and a label to display the returned value . <input id="btnCallDateTime" type="button" value="Call Web Service" onclick="CallDateTime()"/> <asp:Label ID="lblOutupt" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   7-Define the JavaScript code to call the Web Service : <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">   function CallDateTime() {   WebService.OurServerOutput(OnSucceeded); }   function OnSucceeded(result) { var lblOutput = document.getElementById("lblOutupt"); lblOutput.innerHTML = result; } </script> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } CallDateTime function calls the Web Service Method OurServerOutput… OnSucceeded function Used as the callback function that processes the Web Service return value. which the result parameter is a simple parameter contain the Server Date Time value returned from the Web Service . Finally , when you complete these steps and run your application you can press the button and retrieve Server Date time without postback.   Conclusion: In this topic I describes how to access Web services from client script in AJAX-enabled ASP.NET Web pages With a full .NET Framework/JSON serialize, direct integration with the familiar .asmx Web services ,Using  simple example,Also you can connect with the database to return value by create WebMethod in your Web Service file and the same steps you can use. Next time I will show you more complex example which returns a complex type like objects.   Hope this help.

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• Parallelism in .NET – Part 2, Simple Imperative Data Parallelism

  - by Reed

  In my discussion of Decomposition of the problem space, I mentioned that Data Decomposition is often the simplest abstraction to use when trying to parallelize a routine.  If a problem can be decomposed based off the data, we will often want to use what MSDN refers to as Data Parallelism as our strategy for implementing our routine.  The Task Parallel Library in .NET 4 makes implementing Data Parallelism, for most cases, very simple. Data Parallelism is the main technique we use to parallelize a routine which can be decomposed based off data.  Data Parallelism refers to taking a single collection of data, and having a single operation be performed concurrently on elements in the collection.  One side note here: Data Parallelism is also sometimes referred to as the Loop Parallelism Pattern or Loop-level Parallelism.  In general, for this series, I will try to use the terminology used in the MSDN Documentation for the Task Parallel Library.  This should make it easier to investigate these topics in more detail. Once we’ve determined we have a problem that, potentially, can be decomposed based on data, implementation using Data Parallelism in the TPL is quite simple.  Let’s take our example from the Data Decomposition discussion – a simple contrast stretching filter.  Here, we have a collection of data (pixels), and we need to run a simple operation on each element of the pixel.  Once we know the minimum and maximum values, we most likely would have some simple code like the following: for (int row=0; row < pixelData.GetUpperBound(0); ++row) { for (int col=0; col < pixelData.GetUpperBound(1); ++col) { pixelData[row, col] = AdjustContrast(pixelData[row, col], minPixel, maxPixel); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } This simple routine loops through a two dimensional array of pixelData, and calls the AdjustContrast routine on each pixel. As I mentioned, when you’re decomposing a problem space, most iteration statements are potentially candidates for data decomposition.  Here, we’re using two for loops – one looping through rows in the image, and a second nested loop iterating through the columns.  We then perform one, independent operation on each element based on those loop positions. This is a prime candidate – we have no shared data, no dependencies on anything but the pixel which we want to change.  Since we’re using a for loop, we can easily parallelize this using the Parallel.For method in the TPL: Parallel.For(0, pixelData.GetUpperBound(0), row => { for (int col=0; col < pixelData.GetUpperBound(1); ++col) { pixelData[row, col] = AdjustContrast(pixelData[row, col], minPixel, maxPixel); } }); Here, by simply changing our first for loop to a call to Parallel.For, we can parallelize this portion of our routine.  Parallel.For works, as do many methods in the TPL, by creating a delegate and using it as an argument to a method.  In this case, our for loop iteration block becomes a delegate creating via a lambda expression.  This lets you write code that, superficially, looks similar to the familiar for loop, but functions quite differently at runtime. We could easily do this to our second for loop as well, but that may not be a good idea.  There is a balance to be struck when writing parallel code.  We want to have enough work items to keep all of our processors busy, but the more we partition our data, the more overhead we introduce.  In this case, we have an image of data – most likely hundreds of pixels in both dimensions.  By just parallelizing our first loop, each row of pixels can be run as a single task.  With hundreds of rows of data, we are providing fine enough granularity to keep all of our processors busy. If we parallelize both loops, we’re potentially creating millions of independent tasks.  This introduces extra overhead with no extra gain, and will actually reduce our overall performance.  This leads to my first guideline when writing parallel code: Partition your problem into enough tasks to keep each processor busy throughout the operation, but not more than necessary to keep each processor busy. Also note that I parallelized the outer loop.  I could have just as easily partitioned the inner loop.  However, partitioning the inner loop would have led to many more discrete work items, each with a smaller amount of work (operate on one pixel instead of one row of pixels).  My second guideline when writing parallel code reflects this: Partition your problem in a way to place the most work possible into each task. This typically means, in practice, that you will want to parallelize the routine at the “highest” point possible in the routine, typically the outermost loop.  If you’re looking at parallelizing methods which call other methods, you’ll want to try to partition your work high up in the stack – as you get into lower level methods, the performance impact of parallelizing your routines may not overcome the overhead introduced. Parallel.For works great for situations where we know the number of elements we’re going to process in advance.  If we’re iterating through an IList<T> or an array, this is a typical approach.  However, there are other iteration statements common in C#.  In many situations, we’ll use foreach instead of a for loop.  This can be more understandable and easier to read, but also has the advantage of working with collections which only implement IEnumerable<T>, where we do not know the number of elements involved in advance. As an example, lets take the following situation.  Say we have a collection of Customers, and we want to iterate through each customer, check some information about the customer, and if a certain case is met, send an email to the customer and update our instance to reflect this change.  Normally, this might look something like: foreach(var customer in customers) { // Run some process that takes some time... DateTime lastContact = theStore.GetLastContact(customer); TimeSpan timeSinceContact = DateTime.Now - lastContact; // If it's been more than two weeks, send an email, and update... if (timeSinceContact.Days > 14) { theStore.EmailCustomer(customer); customer.LastEmailContact = DateTime.Now; } } Here, we’re doing a fair amount of work for each customer in our collection, but we don’t know how many customers exist.  If we assume that theStore.GetLastContact(customer) and theStore.EmailCustomer(customer) are both side-effect free, thread safe operations, we could parallelize this using Parallel.ForEach: Parallel.ForEach(customers, customer => { // Run some process that takes some time... DateTime lastContact = theStore.GetLastContact(customer); TimeSpan timeSinceContact = DateTime.Now - lastContact; // If it's been more than two weeks, send an email, and update... if (timeSinceContact.Days > 14) { theStore.EmailCustomer(customer); customer.LastEmailContact = DateTime.Now; } }); Just like Parallel.For, we rework our loop into a method call accepting a delegate created via a lambda expression.  This keeps our new code very similar to our original iteration statement, however, this will now execute in parallel.  The same guidelines apply with Parallel.ForEach as with Parallel.For. The other iteration statements, do and while, do not have direct equivalents in the Task Parallel Library.  These, however, are very easy to implement using Parallel.ForEach and the yield keyword. Most applications can benefit from implementing some form of Data Parallelism.  Iterating through collections and performing “work” is a very common pattern in nearly every application.  When the problem can be decomposed by data, we often can parallelize the workload by merely changing foreach statements to Parallel.ForEach method calls, and for loops to Parallel.For method calls.  Any time your program operates on a collection, and does a set of work on each item in the collection where that work is not dependent on other information, you very likely have an opportunity to parallelize your routine.

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• Transactional Messaging in the Windows Azure Service Bus

  - by Alan Smith

  Introduction I’m currently working on broadening the content in the Windows Azure Service Bus Developer Guide. One of the features I have been looking at over the past week is the support for transactional messaging. When using the direct programming model and the WCF interface some, but not all, messaging operations can participate in transactions. This allows developers to improve the reliability of messaging systems. There are some limitations in the transactional model, transactions can only include one top level messaging entity (such as a queue or topic, subscriptions are no top level entities), and transactions cannot include other systems, such as databases. As the transaction model is currently not well documented I have had to figure out how things work through experimentation, with some help from the development team to confirm any questions I had. Hopefully I’ve got the content mostly correct, I will update the content in the e-book if I find any errors or improvements that can be made (any feedback would be very welcome). I’ve not had a chance to look into the code for transactions and asynchronous operations, maybe that would make a nice challenge lab for my Windows Azure Service Bus course. Transactional Messaging Messaging entities in the Windows Azure Service Bus provide support for participation in transactions. This allows developers to perform several messaging operations within a transactional scope, and ensure that all the actions are committed or, if there is a failure, none of the actions are committed. There are a number of scenarios where the use of transactions can increase the reliability of messaging systems. Using TransactionScope In .NET the TransactionScope class can be used to perform a series of actions in a transaction. The using declaration is typically used de define the scope of the transaction. Any transactional operations that are contained within the scope can be committed by calling the Complete method. If the Complete method is not called, any transactional methods in the scope will not commit.   // Create a transactional scope. using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope()) {     // Do something.       // Do something else.       // Commit the transaction.     scope.Complete(); }     In order for methods to participate in the transaction, they must provide support for transactional operations. Database and message queue operations typically provide support for transactions. Transactions in Brokered Messaging Transaction support in Service Bus Brokered Messaging allows message operations to be performed within a transactional scope; however there are some limitations around what operations can be performed within the transaction. In the current release, only one top level messaging entity, such as a queue or topic can participate in a transaction, and the transaction cannot include any other transaction resource managers, making transactions spanning a messaging entity and a database not possible. When sending messages, the send operations can participate in a transaction allowing multiple messages to be sent within a transactional scope. This allows for “all or nothing” delivery of a series of messages to a single queue or topic. When receiving messages, messages that are received in the peek-lock receive mode can be completed, deadlettered or deferred within a transactional scope. In the current release the Abandon method will not participate in a transaction. The same restrictions of only one top level messaging entity applies here, so the Complete method can be called transitionally on messages received from the same queue, or messages received from one or more subscriptions in the same topic. Sending Multiple Messages in a Transaction A transactional scope can be used to send multiple messages to a queue or topic. This will ensure that all the messages will be enqueued or, if the transaction fails to commit, no messages will be enqueued.     An example of the code used to send 10 messages to a queue as a single transaction from a console application is shown below.   QueueClient queueClient = messagingFactory.CreateQueueClient(Queue1);   Console.Write("Sending");   // Create a transaction scope. using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope()) {     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)     {         // Send a message         BrokeredMessage msg = new BrokeredMessage("Message: " + i);         queueClient.Send(msg);         Console.Write(".");     }     Console.WriteLine("Done!");     Console.WriteLine();       // Should we commit the transaction?     Console.WriteLine("Commit send 10 messages? (yes or no)");     string reply = Console.ReadLine();     if (reply.ToLower().Equals("yes"))     {         // Commit the transaction.         scope.Complete();     } } Console.WriteLine(); messagingFactory.Close();     The transaction scope is used to wrap the sending of 10 messages. Once the messages have been sent the user has the option to either commit the transaction or abandon the transaction. If the user enters “yes”, the Complete method is called on the scope, which will commit the transaction and result in the messages being enqueued. If the user enters anything other than “yes”, the transaction will not commit, and the messages will not be enqueued. Receiving Multiple Messages in a Transaction The receiving of multiple messages is another scenario where the use of transactions can improve reliability. When receiving a group of messages that are related together, maybe in the same message session, it is possible to receive the messages in the peek-lock receive mode, and then complete, defer, or deadletter the messages in one transaction. (In the current version of Service Bus, abandon is not transactional.)   The following code shows how this can be achieved. using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope()) {       while (true)     {         // Receive a message.         BrokeredMessage msg = q1Client.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));         if (msg != null)         {             // Wrote message body and complete message.             string text = msg.GetBody<string>();             Console.WriteLine("Received: " + text);             msg.Complete();         }         else         {             break;         }     }     Console.WriteLine();       // Should we commit?     Console.WriteLine("Commit receive? (yes or no)");     string reply = Console.ReadLine();     if (reply.ToLower().Equals("yes"))     {         // Commit the transaction.         scope.Complete();     }     Console.WriteLine(); }     Note that if there are a large number of messages to be received, there will be a chance that the transaction may time out before it can be committed. It is possible to specify a longer timeout when the transaction is created, but It may be better to receive and commit smaller amounts of messages within the transaction. It is also possible to complete, defer, or deadletter messages received from more than one subscription, as long as all the subscriptions are contained in the same topic. As subscriptions are not top level messaging entities this scenarios will work. The following code shows how this can be achieved. try {     using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())     {         // Receive one message from each subscription.         BrokeredMessage msg1 = subscriptionClient1.Receive();         BrokeredMessage msg2 = subscriptionClient2.Receive();           // Complete the message receives.         msg1.Complete();         msg2.Complete();           Console.WriteLine("Msg1: " + msg1.GetBody<string>());         Console.WriteLine("Msg2: " + msg2.GetBody<string>());           // Commit the transaction.         scope.Complete();     } } catch (Exception ex) {     Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); }     Unsupported Scenarios The restriction of only one top level messaging entity being able to participate in a transaction makes some useful scenarios unsupported. As the Windows Azure Service Bus is under continuous development and new releases are expected to be frequent it is possible that this restriction may not be present in future releases. The first is the scenario where messages are to be routed to two different systems. The following code attempts to do this.   try {     // Create a transaction scope.     using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())     {         BrokeredMessage msg1 = new BrokeredMessage("Message1");         BrokeredMessage msg2 = new BrokeredMessage("Message2");           // Send a message to Queue1         Console.WriteLine("Sending Message1");         queue1Client.Send(msg1);           // Send a message to Queue2         Console.WriteLine("Sending Message2");         queue2Client.Send(msg2);           // Commit the transaction.         Console.WriteLine("Committing transaction...");         scope.Complete();     } } catch (Exception ex) {     Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); }     The results of running the code are shown below. When attempting to send a message to the second queue the following exception is thrown: No active Transaction was found for ID '35ad2495-ee8a-4956-bbad-eb4fedf4a96e:1'. The Transaction may have timed out or attempted to span multiple top-level entities such as Queue or Topic. The server Transaction timeout is: 00:01:00..TrackingId:947b8c4b-7754-4044-b91b-4a959c3f9192_3_3,TimeStamp:3/29/2012 7:47:32 AM.   Another scenario where transactional support could be useful is when forwarding messages from one queue to another queue. This would also involve more than one top level messaging entity, and is therefore not supported.   Another scenario that developers may wish to implement is performing transactions across messaging entities and other transactional systems, such as an on-premise database. In the current release this is not supported.   Workarounds for Unsupported Scenarios There are some techniques that developers can use to work around the one top level entity limitation of transactions. When sending two messages to two systems, topics and subscriptions can be used. If the same message is to be sent to two destinations then the subscriptions would have the default subscriptions, and the client would only send one message. If two different messages are to be sent, then filters on the subscriptions can route the messages to the appropriate destination. The client can then send the two messages to the topic in the same transaction.   In scenarios where a message needs to be received and then forwarded to another system within the same transaction topics and subscriptions can also be used. A message can be received from a subscription, and then sent to a topic within the same transaction. As a topic is a top level messaging entity, and a subscription is not, this scenario will work.

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• Oracle Fusion Applications: Changing the Game

  - by kellsey.ruppel(at)oracle.com

  Originally posted in the Oracle Profit Magazine, November 2010 Edition. When the order processing system red-flags a customer's credit status, the IT department doesn't get the customer's call. When a supplier misses a delivery date for a key automotive assembly, it's not the CIO who has to answer for the error. Knowledge workers (known in IT circles as "users") are on the front lines when an exception occurs in an established business process. They're also the ones who study sales trends to decide when to open a new store in an up-and-coming neighborhood, which products are most profitable, how employee skill sets are evolving, and which suppliers are most efficient. In short, knowledge workers are masters of business as unusual. Traditional enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and other familiar enterprise applications excel at automating, managing, and executing standard business processes. These programs shine when everything goes as planned. Life gets even trickier when a traditional application needs to be extended with a new service or an extra step is added to a business process when new products are brought to market, divisions are merged, or companies are acquired. Monolithic applications often need the IT department to step in and make the necessary adjustments--incurring additional costs and delays. Until now. When Oracle unveiled the much-anticipated family of Oracle Fusion Applications at Oracle OpenWorld in September 2010, knowledge workers in particular had a lot to cheer about. Business users will soon have ready access to analytical information and collaboration tools in the context of what they are working on, so they can make better decisions when problems or opportunities arise. Additionally, the Oracle Fusion Applications platform will make it easy for business users to tweak processes, create new capabilities, and find information, often without the need for IT department assistance and while still following company guidelines. And IT leaders will be happy to hear about new deployment options, guided implementation and setup tools, and cost-saving management capabilities. Just as important, the underlying technologies in Oracle Fusion Applications will allow organizations to choose among their existing investments and next-generation enterprise applications so they can introduce innovations at a pace that makes the most business and financial sense. "Oracle Fusion Applications are architected so you don't have to do rip and replace," says Jim Hayes, managing director of the consulting firm Accenture. "That's very important for creating a business case that will get through the steering committee and be approved by the board. It shows you can drive value and make a difference in the near term." For these and other reasons, analysts and early adopters are calling Oracle Fusion Applications a game changer for enterprise customers. The differences become apparent in three key areas: the way we innovate, work, and adopt technology. Game Changer #1: New Standard for InnovationChange is a constant challenge for most businesses, whether the catalysts are market dynamics, new competition, or the ever-expanding regulatory environment. And, in an ongoing effort to differentiate, business leaders are constantly looking for new ways to do business, serve constituents, and bring new products and services to market. In addition, companies face significant costs to keep their applications up-to-date. For example, when a company adds new suppliers to a procurement system, the IT shop typically has to invest time, effort, and even consulting fees for custom integrations that allow various ERP systems to communicate with each other. Oracle Fusion Applications were built on Web services and a modular SOA foundation to ease customizations and integration activities among all applications--whether from Oracle or another vendor. Interfaces and updates written in ubiquitous Java, rather than a proprietary coding language, allow organizations to tap into existing in-house technical skills rather than seek expensive outside specialists. And with SOA, organizations can extend a feature set or integrate with other SOA environments by combining Web services such as "look up customer" into a new business process managed by the BPEL orchestration engine. Flexibility like this has long-term implications. "Because users capture these changes at a higher metadata layer, not in the application's code, changes and additions are protected even as new versions of Oracle Fusion Applications are released," says Steve Miranda, senior vice president of applications development at Oracle. "This is a much more sustainable approach because you don't incur costly customizations that prevent upgrades and other innovations." And changes are easier to make: if one change is made in the metadata, that change is automatically reflected throughout the application interface, business intelligence, business process, and business logic. Game Changer #2: New Standard for WorkBoosting productivity comes down to doing the basics right: running business processes more efficiently and managing exceptions more effectively, so users can accomplish more in the course of a day or spend more quality time with the most profitable customers. The fastest way to improve process efficiency is to reduce the number of steps it takes to execute common tasks, such as ordering office equipment from an internal procurement system. Oracle Fusion Applications will deliver a complete role-based user experience with business intelligence and collaboration capabilities provided in the context of the work at hand. "We created every Oracle Fusion Applications screen by asking 'What does the user need to know?' 'What does he or she need to do?' and 'Who do they need to work with to get the job done?'" Miranda explains. So when the sales department heads need new laptops, the self-service procurement screen will not only display a list of approved vendors and configurations, but also a running list of reviews by coworkers who recently purchased the various models. Embedded intelligence may also display prevailing delivery lead times based on actual order histories, not the generic shipping dates vendors may quote. The pervasive business intelligence serves many other business activities across all areas of the enterprise. For example, a manager considering whether to promote a direct report can see the person's employee profile, with a salary history, appraisal summaries, and a rundown of skills and training. This approach to business intelligence also has implications for supply chain management. "One of the challenges at Ingersoll Rand is lack of visibility in our supply chain," says Mike Macrie, global director of enterprise applications for global industrial firm Ingersoll Rand. "Oracle Fusion Applications are going to provide the embedded intelligence to give us that visibility and give us the ability to analyze those orders at any point in our supply chain." Oracle Fusion Applications will also create a "role-based user experience" that displays a work list of events that need attention, based on user job function. Role awareness guides users with daily lists of action items and exceptions. So a credit manager may see seven invoices with discounts that are about to expire or 12 suppliers that have been put on hold because credit memos are awaiting approval. Individualization extends to the search capabilities of Oracle Fusion Applications. The platform uses Web-style search screens powered by an Oracle enterprise search engine, with a security framework that filters search results so individuals will only see the internal information they're authorized to access. A further aid to productivity is Oracle Fusion Applications' integration with Web 2.0 collaboration and social networking resources for business environments. Hover-over text will reveal relevant contact information whenever the name of a person appears in an Oracle Fusion Application. Users can connect via an online chat, phone call, or instant message without leaving the main application, reducing the time required for an accounts payable staffer to resolve a mismatch between an invoiced charge and the service record, for example. Addresses of suppliers, customers, or partners will also initiate hover-over text to show contact details and Web-based maps. Finally, Oracle Fusion Applications will promote a new way of working with purpose-driven communities that can bring new efficiencies to everything from cultivating sales leads to managing new projects. As soon as a lead or project materializes, the applications will automatically gather relevant participants into an online community that shares member contact information, schedules, discussion forums, and Wiki pages. "Oracle Fusion Applications will allow us to take it to the next level with embedded Web 2.0 tools and the embedded analytics," says Steve Printz, CIO and vice president, supply chain management, at window-and-door manufacturer Pella. "[This] allows those employees today who are processing transactions to really contribute to the success of the company and become decision-makers." Game Changer #3: New Standard for Technology AdoptionAs IT becomes a dominant component of how businesses run and compete, organizations need to lower the cost of implementing applications and introducing new application features. In the past, rolling out new code often required creating a test bed system, moving beta code to a separate system for user feedback, and--once all the revisions were made--moving version one of the software onto production systems, where business users could finally get the needed new features. Oracle Fusion Applications will use a dedicated setup manager application to streamline this process. First, the setup manager will help scope out the project, querying users about their requirements. "From those questions and answers we determine the steps and the order of those steps that will enable that task," Miranda says. Next, system utilities will assign tasks to owners, track completion status, and monitor the overall status of a programming effort. Oracle Fusion Applications can then recommend Web services that allow users to migrate setup choices and steps across all the various deployments of the application. Those setup capabilities automate the migration from test systems to production systems, as well as between different business units that may be using the same application. "The self-service ability of the setup manager helps business users change setups with very little intervention from the IT team," says Ravi Kumar, vice president at IT services company Infosys. "That to me is a big difference from how we've viewed enterprise applications before." For additional flexibility, organizations will be able to adopt Oracle Fusion Applications modules in either of two modes: a single-instance alternative uses one database for all Oracle Fusion Applications, while a "pillar mode" creates separate databases to underpin each application. This means IT departments running any one of Oracle's applications or even third-party applications can plug Oracle Fusion Applications modules into their environment and see additional business value created on top of their existing systems. And Oracle Fusion Applications offer a hybrid approach to deployment. The applications are all software-as-a-service-ready, so customers can choose on-premises, public or private cloud, or a combination of these to suit their business needs. It's that combination of flexibility and a roadmap for the future that may be the biggest game changer of all. "The Oracle Fusion Applications architecture allows us to migrate our company at a pace that's consistent with our business strategy, whereas before we might have had to do it with a massive upgrade," says Macrie of Ingersoll Rand. "We're looking forward to that architecture to really give us more flexibility in how we migrate over time." For More InformationUser Input Key to the Success of Oracle Fusion ApplicationsTransforming Coexistence into Strategic ValueUnder the HoodOracle Fusion ApplicationsOracle Service-Oriented Architecture  

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• Ajax Control Toolkit May 2012 Release

  - by Stephen.Walther

  I’m happy to announce the May 2012 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit. This newest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit includes a new file upload control which displays file upload progress. We’ve also added several significant enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control such as support for uploading images and Source View. You can download and start using the newest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit by entering the following command in the Library Package Manager console in Visual Studio: Install-Package AjaxControlToolkit Alternatively, you can download the latest version of the Ajax Control Toolkit from CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com The New Ajax File Upload Control The most requested new feature for the Ajax Control Toolkit (according to the CodePlex Issue Tracker) has been support for file upload with progress. We worked hard over the last few months to create an entirely new file upload control which displays upload progress. Here is a sample which illustrates how you can use the new AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="01_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._01_FileUpload" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Simple File Upload</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager control. This control is required to use any of the controls in the Ajax Control Toolkit because this control is responsible for loading all of the scripts required by a control. The page also contains an AjaxFileUpload control. The UploadComplete event is handled in the code-behind for the page: namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _01_FileUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxControlToolkit.AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save upload file to the file system ajaxUpload1.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); } } } The UploadComplete handler saves each uploaded file by calling the AjaxFileUpload control’s SaveAs() method with a full file path. Here’s a video which illustrates the process of uploading a file: Warning: in order to write to the Images folder on a production IIS server, you need Write permissions on the Images folder. You need to provide permissions for the IIS Application Pool account to write to the Images folder. To learn more, see: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/624/application-pool-identities/ Showing File Upload Progress The new AjaxFileUpload control takes advantage of HTML5 upload progress events (described in the XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard). This standard is supported by Firefox 8+, Chrome 16+, Safari 5+, and Internet Explorer 10+. In other words, the standard is supported by the most recent versions of all browsers except for Internet Explorer which will support the standard with the release of Internet Explorer 10. The AjaxFileUpload control works with all browsers, even browsers which do not support the new XMLHttpRequest Level 2 standard. If you use the AjaxFileUpload control with a downlevel browser – such as Internet Explorer 9 — then you get a simple throbber image during a file upload instead of a progress indicator. Here’s how you specify a throbber image when declaring the AjaxFileUpload control: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="02_FileUpload.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._02_FileUpload" %> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>File Upload with Throbber</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="MyThrobber" runat="server" /> <asp:Image id="MyThrobber" ImageUrl="ajax-loader.gif" Style="display:None" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> Notice that the page above includes an image with the Id MyThrobber. This image is displayed while files are being uploaded. I use the website http://AjaxLoad.info to generate animated busy wait images. Drag-And-Drop File Upload If you are using an uplevel browser then you can drag-and-drop the files which you want to upload onto the AjaxFileUpload control. The following video illustrates how drag-and-drop works: Remember that drag-and-drop will not work on Internet Explorer 9 or older. Accepting Multiple Files By default, the AjaxFileUpload control enables you to upload multiple files at a time. When you open the file dialog, use the CTRL or SHIFT key to select multiple files. If you want to restrict the number of files that can be uploaded then use the MaximumNumberOfFiles property like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" MaximumNumberOfFiles="1" runat="server" /> In the code above, the maximum number of files which can be uploaded is restricted to a single file. Restricting Uploaded File Types You might want to allow only certain types of files to be uploaded. For example, you might want to accept only image uploads. In that case, you can use the AllowedFileTypes property to provide a list of allowed file types like this: <ajaxToolkit:AjaxFileUpload id="ajaxUpload1" OnUploadComplete="ajaxUpload1_OnUploadComplete" ThrobberID="throbber" AllowedFileTypes="jpg,jpeg,gif,png" runat="server" /> The code above prevents any files except jpeg, gif, and png files from being uploaded. Enhancements to the HTMLEditorExtender Over the past months, we spent a considerable amount of time making bug fixes and feature enhancements to the existing HtmlEditorExtender control. I want to focus on two of the most significant enhancements that we made to the control: support for Source View and support for uploading images. Adding Source View Support to the HtmlEditorExtender When you click the Source View tag, the HtmlEditorExtender changes modes and displays the HTML source of the contents contained in the TextBox being extended. You can use Source View to make fine-grain changes to HTML before submitting the HTML to the server. For reasons of backwards compatibility, the Source View tab is disabled by default. To enable Source View, you need to declare your HtmlEditorExtender with the DisplaySourceTab property like this: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="05_SourceView.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1._05_SourceView" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>HtmlEditorExtender with Source View</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <ajaxToolkit:ToolkitScriptManager ID="ToolkitScriptManager1" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox id="txtComments" TextMode="MultiLine" Columns="60" Rows="10" Runat="server" /> <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="HEE1" TargetControlID="txtComments" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" /> </div> </form> </body> </html> The page above includes a ToolkitScriptManager, TextBox, and HtmlEditorExtender control. The HtmlEditorExtender extends the TextBox so that it supports rich text editing. Notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes a DisplaySourceTab property. This property causes a button to appear at the bottom of the HtmlEditorExtender which enables you to switch to Source View: Note: when using the HtmlEditorExtender, we recommend that you set the DOCTYPE for the document. Otherwise, you can encounter weird formatting issues. Accepting Image Uploads We also enhanced the HtmlEditorExtender to support image uploads (another very highly requested feature at CodePlex). The following video illustrates the experience of adding an image to the editor: Once again, for backwards compatibility reasons, support for image uploads is disabled by default. Here’s how you can declare the HtmlEditorExtender so that it supports image uploads: <ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender id="MyHtmlEditorExtender" TargetControlID="txtComments" OnImageUploadComplete="MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete" DisplaySourceTab="true" runat="server" > <Toolbar> <ajaxToolkit:Bold /> <ajaxToolkit:Italic /> <ajaxToolkit:Underline /> <ajaxToolkit:InsertImage /> </Toolbar> </ajaxToolkit:HtmlEditorExtender> There are two things that you should notice about the code above. First, notice that an InsertImage toolbar button is added to the HtmlEditorExtender toolbar. This HtmlEditorExtender will render toolbar buttons for bold, italic, underline, and insert image. Second, notice that the HtmlEditorExtender includes an event handler for the ImageUploadComplete event. The code for this event handler is below: using System.Web.UI; using AjaxControlToolkit; namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class _06_ImageUpload : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void MyHtmlEditorExtender_ImageUploadComplete(object sender, AjaxFileUploadEventArgs e) { // Generate file path string filePath = "~/Images/" + e.FileName; // Save uploaded file to the file system var ajaxFileUpload = (AjaxFileUpload)sender; ajaxFileUpload.SaveAs(MapPath(filePath)); // Update client with saved image path e.PostedUrl = Page.ResolveUrl(filePath); } } } Within the ImageUploadComplete event handler, you need to do two things: 1) Save the uploaded image (for example, to the file system, a database, or Azure storage) 2) Provide the URL to the saved image so the image can be displayed within the HtmlEditorExtender In the code above, the uploaded image is saved to the ~/Images folder. The path of the saved image is returned to the client by setting the AjaxFileUploadEventArgs PostedUrl property. Not surprisingly, under the covers, the HtmlEditorExtender uses the AjaxFileUpload. You can get a direct reference to the AjaxFileUpload control used by an HtmlEditorExtender by using the following code: void Page_Load() { var ajaxFileUpload = MyHtmlEditorExtender.AjaxFileUpload; ajaxFileUpload.AllowedFileTypes = "jpg,jpeg"; } The code above illustrates how you can restrict the types of images that can be uploaded to the HtmlEditorExtender. This code prevents anything but jpeg images from being uploaded. Summary This was the most difficult release of the Ajax Control Toolkit to date. We iterated through several designs for the AjaxFileUpload control – with each iteration, the goal was to make the AjaxFileUpload control easier for developers to use. My hope is that we were able to create a control which Web Forms developers will find very intuitive. I want to thank the developers on the Superexpert.com team for their hard work on this release.

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