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• What are CAD apps written in, and how are they organized ?

  - by ldigas

  What are CAD applications (Rhino, Autocad) of today written in and how are they organized internally ? I gave as an example, Autocad and Rhino, although I would love to hear of other examples as well. I'm particularly interested in knowing what is their backend written in (multilanguage ?) and how is it organized, and how do they handle their frontend (GUI) in real time ? Do they use native windows API's or some libraries of their own, since I imagine, as good as may be, the open source solutions on today's market won't cut it. I may be wrong ... As most of you who have used them know, they handle amongs other things relatively complex rotational operations in realtime (shading is not interesting me). I've been doing some experiments with several packages recently, and for some larger models found that there is considerable difference in speed in, for example, programed rotation (big full ship models) amongst some of them (which I won't name). So I'm wondering about their internals ... Also, if someone knows of some book on the subject, I'd be interested to hear of it.

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• Why do .NET developers offer 32-bit/64-bit versions of .NET assemblies?

  - by Tyler

  Evey now and then I see both x86 and x64 versions of a .NET assembly. Consider the following web part for SharePoint. Why wouldn't the developer just offer a single version and have let the JIT compiler sort out the rest? When I see these kinds offering is it just that the developer decided to create a native image using a tool like ngen in order to avoid a JIT? Someone please help me out here, I feel like I'm missing something of note. Updated From what I got below, both x86 and x64 builds are offered because one or more of the following reasons: The developer wanted to avoid JITing and created a native image of his code, targeting a given architecture using a tool like ngen.exe. The assembly contains platform specific COM calls and so it makes no point to build it as AnyCPU. In these cases builds that target different platforms may contain different code. The assembly may contain Win32 calls using pinvoke which won't get remapped by a JIT and so the build should target the platform it is bound to.

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• Should we retire the term "Context"?

  - by MrGumbe

  I'm not sure if there is a more abused term in the world of programming than "Context." A word that has a very clear meaning in the English language has somehow morphed into a hot mess in software development, where the definition where the connotation can be completely different based on what library you happen to be developing in. Tomcat uses the word context to mean the configuration of a web application. Java applets, on the other hand, use an AppletContext to define attributes of the browser and HTML tag that launched it, but the BeanContext is defined as a container. ASP.NET uses the HttpContext object as a grab bag of state - containing information about the current request / response, session, user, server, and application objects. Context Oriented Programming defines the term as "Any information which is computationally accessible may form part of the context upon which behavioral variations depend," which I translate as "anything in the world." The innards of the Windows OS uses the CONTEXT structure to define properties about the hardware environment. The .NET installation classes, however, use the InstallContext property to represent the command line arguments entered to the installation class. The above doesn't even touch how all of us non-framework developers have used the term. I've seen plenty of developers fall into the subconscious trap of "I can't think of anything else to call this class, so I'll name it 'WidgetContext.'" Do you all agree that before naming our class a "Context," we may want to first consider some more descriptive terms? "Environment", "Configuraton", and "ExecutionState" come readily to mind.

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• Ideas for storing e-mail messages in a Delphi client server application

  - by user193655

  There are many suggestions here and there for storing e-mail messages. Somehow what I am doing is writing an Outlook addin to send emails from inbox/sent folders directly to my application. So only what is really interesting is saved. And I decide where to save it. Imagine this case: I recieve an email from a customer. It's up to me to decide whether I should save it on the customer or on the order 24 that that customer did. So this is why I am doing the add in, and not some automatic storing of emails = noise after some time. This said, how to store the emails? For the emails that I recieve or send through Outlook the idea could be save the whole file in a blob field (so the eml file), may be I can save also other info (like the subject) in another text field. But the problem comes when I write an email from my application. In this case I am not generating an eml file, I send through MAPI data to Outlook to compose an email that I will send with Outlook (so in this case I cannot save the eml), or I directly send it with Indy. Also in this case I don't have the eml file... One idea could be that the all the emails that I auto compose have a special flag that the Add in recognises and therefore when I send the mail it is stored back to the DB. So in this case I can save the eml also of the mails I sent from my application. May you comment?

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• What single software development tool do you think holds the most value?

  - by Phobis

  Every day I realize how much I love Visual Studio for .NET development.... but, I believe that Resharper, may hold a value that surpasses Visual Studio's (I am using VS 2005 for WPF/WCF development). I decided it would be great to compile a list of the most valuable tools for software development. These can be applications/plug-ins anything that you think holds GREAT value. Also, please explain the benefits of the tool that you are posting. Resharper: Intergrated Unit testing "Camel Hump" code auto completion Find "usings" (inverse of "Go to Deceleration") Code formating and member rearranging Assembly and namespace inclusion (based on your code) Check for common optimizations and possible bugs in code and suggests/rewrites the code for you (things like null checking, redundant delegate creation, inverting if statements, etc...); Tells you when code and be more generic (may suggest things like "use this interface instead" if your code never refers to something specific on an object) Helps you see code that is not being used and will clean any unused members. File structure view helps you jump around the regions of your file (this is really awesome and clean). Class searching (you can use things like camel humps) Asks you which partial file to open once you find a class. It also has it's own plugin support, so you can do things like FxCop, documentation and relfector (all free). This thing has so much I don't think I hit 10% of it yet :) [When I get time, I will try to add more... feel free to help me out]

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• How much is too much memory allocation in NDK?

  - by Maximus

  The NDK download page notes that, "Typical good candidates for the NDK are self-contained, CPU-intensive operations that don't allocate much memory, such as signal processing, physics simulation, and so on." I came from a C background and was excited to try to use the NDK to operate most of my OpenGL ES functions and any native functions related to physics, animation of vertices, etc... I'm finding that I'm relying quite a bit on Native code and wondering if I may be making some mistakes. I've had no trouble with testing at this point, but I'm curious if I may run into problems in the future. For example, I have game struct defined (somewhat like is seen in the San-Angeles example). I'm loading vertex information for objects dynamically (just what is needed for an active game area) so there's quite a bit of memory allocation happening for vertices, normals, texture coordinates, indices and texture graphic data... just to name the essentials. I'm quite careful about freeing what is allocated between game areas. Would I be safer setting some caps on array sizes or should I charge bravely forward as I'm going now?

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• How to hold a queue of messages and have a group of working threads without polling?

  - by Mark

  I have a workflow that I want to looks something like this: / Worker 1 \ =Request Channel= - [Holding Queue|||] - Worker 2 - =Response Channel= \ Worker 3 / That is: Requests come in and they enter a FIFO queue Identical workers then pick up tasks from the queue At any given time any worker may work only one task When a worker is free and the holding queue is non-empty the worker should immediately pick up another task When tasks are complete, a worker places the result on the Response Channel I know there are QueueChannels in Spring Integration, but these channels require polling (which seems suboptimal). In particular, if a worker can be busy, I'd like the worker to be busy. Also, I've considered avoiding the queue altogether and simply letting tasks round-robin to all workers, but it's preferable to have a single waiting line as some tasks may be accomplished faster than others. Furthermore, I'd like insight into how many jobs are remaining (which I can get from the queue) and the ability to cancel all or particular jobs. How can I implement this message queuing/work distribution pattern while avoiding a polling? Edit: It appears I'm looking for the Message Dispatcher pattern -- how can I implement this using Spring/Spring Integration?

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• Open an Emacs buffer when a command tries to open an editor in shell-mode

  - by Chris Conway

  I like to use Emacs' shell mode, but it has a few deficiencies. One of those is that it's not smart enough to open a new buffer when a shell command tries to invoke an editor. For example with the environment variable VISUAL set to vim I get the following from svn propedit: $ svn propedit svn:externals . "svn-prop.tmp" 2L, 149C[1;1H ~ [4;1H~ [5;1H~ [6;1H~ [7;1H~ ... (It may be hard to tell from the representation, but it's a horrible, ugly mess.) With VISUAL set to "emacs -nw", I get $ svn propedit svn:externals . emacs: Terminal type "dumb" is not powerful enough to run Emacs. It lacks the ability to position the cursor. If that is not the actual type of terminal you have, use the Bourne shell command `TERM=... export TERM' (C-shell: `setenv TERM ...') to specify the correct type. It may be necessary to do `unset TERMINFO' (C-shell: `unsetenv TERMINFO') as well.svn: system('emacs -nw svn-prop.tmp') returned 256 (It works with VISUAL set to just emacs, but only from inside an Emacs X window, not inside a terminal session.) Is there a way to get shell mode to do the right thing here and open up a new buffer on behalf of the command line process?

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• Displaying a collection of objects in a .Net grid on a smartphone without data binding.

  - by Xav

  I know there's No DataGridView in the CF, but I've got a collection of in-memory objects that I want to display in a grid on a phone. Options I have thought of: Stick all the objects into a SQL-CE database and use a bound datagrid. This'll mean pulling my classes apart and separating the data from the functionality, which may or may not be a bad thing, but seems a little overkill. Write my own dataset and binding code so that I can bind my collection of objects to a bound datagrid. No idea how practical or possible this is, but seems like it's either do-able or impossible and I'm hoping someone here knows which! Find a third-party unbound grid control. The only one I've seen mentioned is OpenNetCF, which I'm downloading as I type. Are there others? Are any of them any good? Do something very nasty with dynamically loading labels and textboxes into a scrolling region on the form. REALLY don't want to go there. I'm not much experienced with data-bound controls other than occasionally making use of the very vanilla functionality in WinForms or ASP.Net, and that quite a long time ago, so if any of the above are silly, please be gentle. Thanks Xav

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• Versioning code in two separate projects concurently with subverison

  - by Matt1776

  I have a need to create a library of Object Oriented PHP code that will see much reuse and aspires to be highly flexible and modular. Because of its independent nature I would like it to exist as its own SVN project. I would like to be able to create a new web project, save it in SVN as its own separate project, and include within it the library project code as well. During this process, while coding the web application code and making commits, I may need to add a class to the library. I would like to be able to do so and commit those changes back to the libraries project code. In light of all this I could manage the code in two ways Commit the changes to the library back to a branch of its original base project code and make the branch name relevant to the web project I was using it with Commit the changes to the library back to the original code, growing it in size regardless of any specific references that might exist. I have two questions How can I include this library project code into a new project yet not break the subversion functionality, i.e. allowing me to make changes to each project individually? How I can keep the code synchronized? If I choose the first method of managing the library code I may want to grab changes from another branch and pull it in for use in another.

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• how to get selected chracter position in JTextArea?

  - by Reddy

  Hi! Here is a challenging question! Let me first tell you my scenario how am i implementing a solution to a problem. I am reading a log file and displaying it on the JTextArea. Log file is cp037 character coded. I was reading each file as a byte stream or byte array from the log file & displaying it. Anyways, i managed to display the text properly in JTextArea by cp037 character coding. Now, User may select a set of characters in the JTextArea. All i want is the position of first character of the user's selected text, from a nearest special character '+'(its character code in cp037 is 4E), which is prior to the selected text. This character may occur at several places in the JTextArea. In simple sentence, i want the first character location(of user selected text) from nearset '+' which should be occuring prior to the user's selected text. PS: cp037 is a type of character encoding scheme which is created by IBM & used for IBM Mainframes. Please fell free to ask me if the question is not clear...:-

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• Why represent shopping carts and order invoices differently in a domain model?

  - by Todd

  I've built some shopping cart systems in the past, but I always designed them such that the final order invoice is just a shopping cart that has been marked as "purchased". All the logic for adding/removing/changing items in a cart is also the logic for the order. All data is stored in the same tables in the database. But it seems this is not the proper way to design an e-commerce site.. Can someone explain the benefit of separating the shopping cart from invoices in the domain model? It seems to me this would lead to a lot of duplicated code, an extra set of tables in the database, and make it harder to maintain in the event the system need to start accommodating more complicated orders (like specifying selected options for an item which may or may not change the price/availability/shipping time of the order). I'm assuming I just haven't seen the light, as every book and other example I see seems to separate these two seemingly similar concerns -- but I can't find any explanation as to the benefit of doing such! It's also the case in the systems that I design that changes are often made after the initial order is confirmed. It's not uncommon for items to be removed, replaced, or added afterwards (but prior to fulfillment).

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• F# - POCO Class

  - by ebb

  Hey there! I'm trying to write a POCO class in proper F#... But something is wrong.. The C# code that I want to "translate" to proper F# is: public class MyTest { [Key] public int ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } The closest I can come to the above code in F# is something like: type Mytest() = let mutable _id : int = 0; let mutable _name : string = null; [<KeyAttribute>] member x.ID with public get() : int = _id and public set(value) = _id <- value member x.Name with public get() : string = _name and public set value = _name <- value However when I try to access the properties of the F# version it just returns a compile error saying "Lookup on object of indeterminate type based on information prior to this program point. A type annotation may be needed prior to this program point to constrain the type of the object. This may allow the lookup to be resolved." The code thats trying to get the property is a part of my Repository (I'm using EF Code First). module Databasethings = let GetEntries = let ctx = new SevenContext() let mydbset = ctx.Set<MyTest>() let entries = mydbset.Select(fun item -> item.Name).ToList() // This line comes up with a compile error at "item.Name" (the compile error is written above) entries What the hell is going on? Thanks in advance!

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• Which compiler option I should choose?

  - by Surjya Narayana Padhi

  Hi Geeks, I have to use the third party static library for my qt application to run on windows. The third party provides me a .lib and .h file for use. These libraries are compiled with MSVC compiler. My qt Creator is using MinGW compiler to compile my application. I copied the .h and .lib file to my qt project directory and then added those in .pro file as follows QT += core gui TARGET = MyTest TEMPLATE = app LIBS += C:\Qt\2010.05\qt\MyTest\newApi.lib SOURCES += main.cpp\ mainwindow.cpp HEADERS += mainwindow.h \ newApi.h FORMS += mainwindow.ui Now I am getting some runtime error like this - Starting C:\Qt\2010.05\qt\MyTest-build-desktop\debug\MyTest.exe... C:\Qt\2010.05\qt\MyTest-build-desktop\debug\MyTest.exe exited with code -1073741515 Can any body suggest is this runtime error is due to mismatch of compiler? (because of my .lib file I added is comipled in MSVC compiler and my qt app is compiled using MinGW compiler) If not what may be the reason? Am I missing anything in adding the .h and .lib file to my qt project? If my MinGW compiler will not support the .lib file generated in MSVC compiler what may be the work-arround? Can I create the .lib files in MinGW compiler? or this format is supported only by MSVC compiler only? Please suggest...

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• Is this a correct way to stop Execution Task

  - by Yan Cheng CHEOK

  I came across code to stop execution's task. private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); public void stop() { executor.shutdownNow(); try { executor.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.DAYS); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { log.error(null, ex); } } public Runnable getRunnable() { return new Runnable() { public void run() { while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) { // What if inside fun(), someone try to clear the interrupt flag? // Say, through Thread.interrupted(). We will stuck in this loop // forever. fun(); } } }; } I realize that, it is possible for Runnable to be in forever loop, as Unknown fun may Thread.sleep, clear the interrupt flag and ignore the InterruptedException Unknown fun may Thread.interrupted, clear the interrupt flag. I was wondering, is the following way correct way to fix the code? private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); private volatile boolean flag = true; public void stop() { flag = false; executor.shutdownNow(); try { executor.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.DAYS); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { log.error(null, ex); } } public Runnable getRunnable() { return new Runnable() { public void run() { while (flag && !Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) { // What if inside fun(), someone try to clear the interrupt flag? // Say, through Thread.interrupted(). We will stuck in this loop // forever. fun(); } } }; }

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• What's the cleanest way to do byte-level manipulation?

  - by Jurily

  I have the following C struct from the source code of a server, and many similar: // preprocessing magic: 1-byte alignment typedef struct AUTH_LOGON_CHALLENGE_C { // 4 byte header uint8 cmd; uint8 error; uint16 size; // 30 bytes uint8 gamename[4]; uint8 version1; uint8 version2; uint8 version3; uint16 build; uint8 platform[4]; uint8 os[4]; uint8 country[4]; uint32 timezone_bias; uint32 ip; uint8 I_len; // I_len bytes uint8 I[1]; } sAuthLogonChallenge_C; // usage (the actual code that will read my packets): sAuthLogonChallenge_C *ch = (sAuthLogonChallenge_C*)&buf[0]; // where buf is a raw byte array These are TCP packets, and I need to implement something that emits and reads them in C#. What's the cleanest way to do this? My current approach involves [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)] unsafe struct foo { ... } and a lot of fixed statements to read and write it, but it feels really clunky, and since the packet itself is not fixed length, I don't feel comfortable using it. Also, it's a lot of work. However, it does describe the data structure nicely, and the protocol may change over time, so this may be ideal for maintenance. What are my options? Would it be easier to just write it in C++ and use some .NET magic to use that?

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• minifying final html output using regex with codeigniter

  - by Aman

  Google pages suggest you to minify html i.e. remove all the un-necessary spaces. Codeigniter does have feature of giziping output or it can be done via .htaccess. But still I also would like to remove un-necessary spaces from final html output as well. I played a bit with this peace of code to do it, and it seem to work. This does indeed result in html that is without excess spaces and removes other tab formatting. class Welcome extends CI_Controller { function _output() { echo preg_replace('!\s+!', ' ', $output); } function index(){ ... } } Now the problem with this is there may be tag like <pre>,<textarea>, etc.. which may have space in it and regx should remove them. So, how do I remove excess space from final html, without effecting spaces or formatting for these certain tags using regx? Thanks to @Alan Moore got the answer, this worked for me echo preg_replace('#(?ix)(?>[^\S ]\s*|\s{2,})(?=(?:(?:[^<]++|<(?!/?(?:textarea|pre)\b))*+)(?:<(?>textarea|pre)\b|\z))#', ' ', $output); @ridgerunner here did very good job of analyzing this regx, ended up using his solution. Cheers to ridgerunner.

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• Why it's important to specify the complete class name in your association when using namespaces

  - by Carmine Paolino

  In my Rails application there is a model that has some has_one associations (this is a fabricated example): class Person::Admin < ActiveRecord::Base has_one :person_monthly_revenue has_one :dude_monthly_niceness accepts_nested_attributes_for :person_monthly_revenue, :dude_monthly_niceness end class Person::MonthlyRevenue < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :person_admin end class Dude::MonthlyNiceness < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :person_admin end The application talks to a backend that computes some data and returns a piece of JSON like this: { "dude_monthly_niceness": { "february": 1.1153232569518972, "october": 1.1250217200558268, "march": 1.3965786869658541, "august": 1.6293418014601631, "september": 1.4062771500697835, "may": 1.7166279693955291, "january": 1.0086401628086725, "june": 1.5711510228365859, "april": 1.5614525597326563, "december": 0.99894169970474289, "july": 1.7263264324994585, "november": 0.95044938418509506 }, "person_monthly_revenue": { "february": 10.585596551505297, "october": 10.574823016656749, "march": 9.9125274764852787, "august": 9.2111604702328922, "september": 9.7905249446675153, "may": 9.1329712474607962, "january": 10.479614016604238, "june": 9.3710235926961936, "april": 9.5897372624830304, "december": 10.052587677671438, "july": 8.9508877843925561, "november": 10.925339756096172 }, } To deserialize it, I use ActiveRecord's from_json, but instead of a Person::Admin object with all the associations in place, I get this error: >> Person::Admin.new.from_json(json) NameError: uninitialized constant Person::Admin::DudeMonthlyNiceness Am I doing something wrong? Is there a better way to deserialize data? (I can modify the backend easily) UPDATE: the original title was "How to deserialize from json to ActiveRecord objects with associations?" but it ended up being my mistake in specifying associations so I changed the title.

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• Starting an STA thread, but with parameters to the final function

  - by DRapp

  I'm a bit weak on how some delegates behave, such as passing a method as the parameter to be invoked. While trying to do some NUnit test scripts, I have something that I need to run many test with. Each of these tests requires a GUI created and thus the need for an STA thread. So, I have something like public class MyTest { // the Delegate "ThreadStart" is part of the System.Threading namespace and is defined as // public delegate void ThreadStart(); protected void Start_STA_Thread(ThreadStart whichMethod) { Thread thread = new Thread(whichMethod); thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA); //Set the thread to STA thread.Start(); thread.Join(); } [Test] public void Test101() { // Since the thread issues an INVOKE of a method, I'm having it call the // corresponding "FromSTAThread" method, such as Start_STA_Thread( Test101FromSTAThread ); } protected void Test101FromSTAThread() { MySTA_RequiredClass oTmp = new MySTA_RequiredClass(); Assert.IsTrue( oTmp.DoSomething() ); } } This part all works fine... Now the next step. I now have a different set of tests that ALSO require an STA thread. However, each "thing" I need to do requires two parameters... both strings (for this case). How do I go about declaring proper delegate so I can pass in the method I need to invoke, AND the two string parameters in one shot... I may have 20+ tests to run with in this pattern and may have future of other similar tests with different parameter counts and types of parameters too. Thanks.

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• Limit CPU usage of a process

  - by jb

  I have a service running which periodically checks a folder for a file and then processes it. (Reads it, extracts the data, stores it in sql) So I ran it on a test box and it took a little longer thaan expected. The file had 1.6 million rows, and it was still running after 6 hours (then I went home). The problem is the box it is running on is now absolutely crippled - remote desktop was timing out so I cant even get on it to stop the process, or attach a debugger to see how far through etc. It's solidly using 90%+ CPU, and all other running services or apps are suffering. The code is (from memory, may not compile): List<ItemDTO> items = new List<ItemDTO>(); using (StreamReader sr = fileInfo.OpenText()) { while (!sr.EndOfFile) { string line = sr.ReadLine() try { string s = line.Substring(0,8); double y = Double.Parse(line.Substring(8,7)); //If the item isnt already in the collection, add it. if (items.Find(delegate(ItemDTO i) { return (i.Item == s); }) == null) items.Add(new ItemDTO(s,y)); } catch { /*Crash*/ } } return items; } - So I am working on improving the code (any tips appreciated). But it still could be a slow affair, which is fine, I've no problems with it taking a long time as long as its not killing my server. So what I want from you fine people is: 1) Is my code hideously un-optimized? 2) Can I limit the amount of CPU my code block may use? Cheers all

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• MySQL query returning mysql_error

  - by Sebastian

  This returns mysql_error: <?php $name = $_POST['inputName2']; $email = $_POST['inputEmail2']; $instruments = $_POST['instruments']; $city = $_POST['inputCity']; $country = $_POST['inputCountry']; $distance = $_POST['distance']; // ^^ These all echo properly ^^ // CONNECT TO DB $dbhost = "xxx"; $dbname = "xxx"; $dbuser = "xxx"; $dbpass = "xxx"; $con = mysqli_connect("$dbhost", "$dbuser", "$dbpass", "$dbname"); if (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); } $query = "INSERT INTO depfinder (name, email, instrument1, instrument2, instrument3, instrument4, instrument5, city, country, max_distance) VALUES ($name, $email, $instruments[0], $instruments[1], $instruments[2], $instruments[3], $instruments[4], $city, $country, $max_distance)"; $result = mysqli_query($con, $query) or die(mysqli_error($con)); // script fails here if (!$result) { echo "There was a problem with the signup process. Please try again later."; } else { echo "Success"; } } ?> N.B. I'm not sure whether it's relevant, but the user may not choose five instruments so some $instrument[] array values may be empty. Bonus question: is my script secure enough or is there more I could do?

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• How is timezone handled in the lifecycle of an ADO.NET + SQL Server DateTime column?

  - by stimpy77

  Using SQL Server 2008. This is a really junior question and I could really use some elaborate information, but the information on Google seems to dance around the topic quite a bit and it would be nice if there was some detailed elaboration on how this works... Let's say I have a datetime column and in ADO.NET I set it to DateTime.UtcNow. 1) Does SQL Server store DateTime.UtcNow accordingly, or does it offset it again based on the timezone of where the server is installed, and then return it offset-reversed when queried? I think I know that the answer is "of course it stores it without offsetting it again" but want to be certain. So then I query for it and cast it from, say, an IDataReader column to a DateTime. As far as I know, System.DateTime has metadata that internally tracks whether it is a UTC DateTime or it is an offsetted DateTime, which may or may not cause .ToLocalTime() and .ToUniversalTime() to have different behavior depending on this state. So, 2) Does this casted System.DateTime object already know that it is a UTC DateTime instance, or does it assume that it has been offset? Now let's say I don't use UtcNow, I use DateTime.Now, when performing an ADO.NET INSERT or UPDATE. 3) Does ADO.NET pass the offset to SQL Server and does SQL Server store DateTime.Now with the offset metadata? So then I query for it and cast it from, say, an IDataReader column to a DateTime. 4) Does this casted System.DateTime object already know that it is an offset time, or does it assume that it is UTC?

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• How do you prove a function works?

  - by glenn I.

  I've recently gotten the testing religion and have started primarily with unit testing. I code unit tests which illustrate that a function works under certain cases, specifically using the exact inputs I'm using. I may do a number of unit tests to exercise the function. Still, I haven't actually proved anything other than the function does what I expect it to do under the scenarios I've tested. There may be other inputs and scenarios I haven't thought of and thinking of edge cases is expensive, particularly on the margins. This is all not very satisfying to do me. When I start to think of having to come up with tests to satisfy branch and path coverage and then integration testing, the prospective permutations can become a little maddening. So, my question is, how can one prove (in the same vein of proving a theorem in mathematics) that a function works (and, in a perfect world, compose these 'proofs' into a proof that a system works)? Is there a certain area of testing that covers an approach where you seek to prove a system works by proving that all of its functions work? Does anybody outside of academia bother with an approach like this? Are there tools and techniques to help? I realize that my use of the word 'work' is not precise. I guess I mean that a function works when it does what some spec (written or implied) states that it should do and does nothing other than that. Note, I'm not a mathematician, just a programmer.

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• C#/.NET: FInd out whether a server exists, Query DNS for SVC records.

  - by TomTom

  Writing a cleint/Server tool I am tasked trying to find a server to connect to. I would love to make things as easy as possible for the user. As such, my idea is to: CHeck whether specific servers (coded by name) exist (like "mail.xxx" for a mail server, for example - my exampüle is not a mail server;) Query otherwise for DNS SVC records, allowing the admin to configure a server location for a specific serivce (that the client connects to). The result is that the user may have to enter only a domain name, possibly even not even that (using the registered standard domain of the computer in a LAN environment). Anyone ideas how: To find out whether a server exists and answers (i.e. is online) in the fastest way? TCP can take a long time if the server is not there. A UDP style ping sounds like a good idea to me. PING itself may be unavailable. Anyonw knows how to ask from withint .NET best for a SVC record in a specific (the default) domain?

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• "end()" iterator for back inserters?

  - by Thanatos

  For iterators such as those returned from std::back_inserter(), is there something that can be used as an "end" iterator? This seems a little nonsensical at first, but I have an API which is: template<typename InputIterator, typename OutputIterator> void foo( InputIterator input_begin, InputIterator input_end, OutputIterator output_begin, OutputIterator output_end ); foo performs some operation on the input sequence, generating an output sequence. (Who's length is known to foo but may or may not be equal to the input sequence's length.) The taking of the output_end parameter is the odd part: std::copy doesn't do this, for example, and assumes you're not going to pass it garbage. foo does it to provide range checking: if you pass a range too small, it throws an exception, in the name of defensive programming. (Instead of potentially overwriting random bits in memory.) Now, say I want to pass foo a back inserter, specifically one from a std::vector which has no limit outside of memory constraints. I still need a "end" iterator - in this case, something that will never compare equal. (Or, if I had a std::vector but with a restriction on length, perhaps it might sometimes compare equal?) How do I go about doing this? I do have the ability to change foo's API - is it better to not check the range, and instead provide an alternate means to get the required output range? (Which would be needed anyways for raw arrays, but not required for back inserters into a vector.) This would seem less robust, but I'm struggling to make the "robust" (above) work.

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