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• Laptop LCD sometimes stops working on reboot. Please help.

  - by J Ringle

  I have a Gateway P-6831FX Laptop with Vista Ultimate. The Laptop LCD will sometimes not come on after I reboot the computer. I don't even close the lid and it happens. It isn't dim, it doesn't come on at all. No posting of CMOS (BIOS), nothing. Please note... this happens sometimes, not every time. Frustrating! When plugged into an external monitor, which works fine, Vista display properties can't even "sense" the laptop LCD. I try to enable the laptop LCD for dual display, turning on the laptop LCD, and it does nothing. It's like the laptop LCD is not even there. Manually taking a magnet in my hand to the laptop lid sensing switch (the sensor that turns off display/sleep mode when you close lid), sometimes causes the LCD backlight to "turn on" but not display any images. By "turn on" I mean I can see the screen backlight turn on to a 'dark gray' screen instead of pitch black. Subsequent reboot the laptop display is not working again! Here are the facts: Only happens at random and only after a reboot. Waking from Sleep mode isn't a problem. Pressing F4 function key for dual display does nothing when this happens. Closing lid doesn't seem to be related. (unless it is only after reboot.) using external magnet from laptop screen sensor sometimes triggers backlight to turn on but reboot back to square one with no LCD display. an external display always works fine. I have taken apart LCD, checked all wires and ribbons for loose connections or damage. I have replaced the Inverter. It doesn't seem to be heat related as I can put in sleep mode and resume fine when very hot. (external monitor works fine too). Sometimes the screen works fine as if there is not a problem at all. Even after a reboot... This is random. Any ideas out there? If it is a bad part... which one? The LCD seems to be fine. What are the odds of 2 bad inverters? The backlight is fine. The LCD wires/ribbons seem to be fine. I am at a loss. No warranty left and Gateway tech support is clueless. Thanks for any feedback that might help.

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• APC UPS replace battery light and apcupsd reporting "replace battery"

  - by mgjk

  We have an APC Smart UPS 1500. The "Replace Battery" light is on, and apcupsd reports: Emergency! Batteries have failed on UPS xxxx. Change them NOW However, from this article, http://sturgeon.apcc.com/kbasewb2.nsf/for+external/f39c4312fcaf7b948525679a005ebb78?OpenDocument it seems that it's not so clear that the UPS battery needs to be replaced. Stranger, according to the information on the UPS, an 11 minute runtime at 42.9% load running at 27.7V isn't so bad. Any thoughts about what to try next? We're a non-profit, money is an object. It would be a shame to replace a battery with a year or so left in it. # apcaccess status APC : 001,041,1017 DATE : Thu Mar 29 13:01:41 EDT 2012 HOSTNAME : oreilly2 VERSION : 3.14.6 (16 May 2009) debian UPSNAME : xxxx CABLE : Custom Cable Smart MODEL : Smart-UPS 1500 UPSMODE : Stand Alone STARTTIME: Thu Mar 29 12:57:30 EDT 2012 STATUS : ONLINE LINEV : 112.3 Volts LOADPCT : 42.9 Percent Load Capacity BCHARGE : 100.0 Percent TIMELEFT : 11.0 Minutes MBATTCHG : 5 Percent MINTIMEL : 3 Minutes MAXTIME : 0 Seconds OUTPUTV : 112.3 Volts SENSE : High DWAKE : -01 Seconds DSHUTD : 090 Seconds LOTRANS : 106.0 Volts HITRANS : 127.0 Volts RETPCT : 000.0 Percent ITEMP : 23.8 C Internal ALARMDEL : Always BATTV : 27.7 Volts LINEFREQ : 60.0 Hz LASTXFER : No transfers since turnon NUMXFERS : 0 TONBATT : 0 seconds CUMONBATT: 0 seconds XOFFBATT : N/A SELFTEST : NO STATFLAG : 0x07000008 Status Flag SERIALNO : AS0603298896 BATTDATE : 2006-01-14 NOMOUTV : 120 Volts NOMBATTV : 24.0 Volts FIRMWARE : 601.3.D USB FW:1.5 APCMODEL : Smart-UPS 1500 END APC : Thu Mar 29 13:02:12 EDT 2012 Error when running upstest You are using a SMART cable type, so I'm entering SMART test mode mode.type = USB_UPS Setting up the port ... Hello, this is the apcupsd Cable Test program. This part of apctest is for testing Smart UPSes. Please select the function you want to perform. 1) Query the UPS for all known values 2) Perform a Battery Runtime Calibration 3) Abort Battery Calibration 4) Monitor Battery Calibration progress 5) Program EEPROM 6) Enter TTY mode communicating with UPS 7) Quit Select function number: 2 First ensure that we have a good link and that the UPS is functionning normally. Simulating UPSlinkCheck ... YWrote: Y Got: getline failed. Apparently the link is not up. Giving up.

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• GRUB 2 freezing at OS selection screen, what could be the cause?

  - by Michael Kjörling

  Mains power is somewhat unreliable where I live, so every now and then, the computer gets rebooted when the PSU can't maintain proper voltage during a brown-out or momentary black-out. It's happened a few times recently that when power is restored, the BIOS POST completes successfully, GRUB starts to load and then freezes. I've seen this at the Welcome to GRUB! message, but it seems to happen more often just past the switch to the graphical OS list. At this point, the computer will not respond to anything (arrow keys, control commands, Ctrl+Alt+Del, ...) - it simply sits there displaying this image, seemingly doing nothing more. At that point, turning the computer off using the power button and letting it sit for a while (cooling down?) has allowed it to boot successfully. Turning the computer off and immediately back on seems to give the same result (successful POST then freeze in GRUB). This behavior began recently, although does not seem to be directly correlated with my hard disk woes (although it may be relevant that GRUB resides on that physical disk, I don't know). Once the computer has booted, it runs without a hitch. I know that a "proper" solution would be to invest in a UPS, but what might be causing behavior like this? I was thinking in terms of perhaps the CPU shutting down as a thermal control measure, but if that was the cause then wouldn't I see similar freezes during use (which I do not)? What else could cause freezes apparently closely but not perfectly related to the BIOS handover from POST to OS bootloader? The BIOS settings are to reset to previous power status after a power loss. Since the PC in question is almost always turned on, this means restore to full power status. I have no expansion cards installed that make any BIOS extensions known by screen output during the boot process, at least, but I do have a few expansion cards installed. Haven't made any changes in that regard in a long time, now. I haven't touched GRUB itself for a long time, whether configuration or binaries, so I don't think that's the problem. Also, it doesn't really make sense that a bug in GRUB would manifest itself only once in a blue moon but significantly more often after a power failure.

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• Can't get Passwordless (SSH provided) SFTP working

  - by Shoaibi

  I have chrooted sftp setup as below. # Package generated configuration file # See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 22 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin without-password StrictModes yes AllowGroups admins clients RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords #PasswordAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* #Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. UsePAM yes Subsystem sftp internal-sftp Match group clients ChrootDirectory /var/chroot-home X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp a dummy user root:~# tail -n1 /etc/passwd david:x:1000:1001::/david:/bin/sh Now in this case david can sftp using say filezilla client and he is chrooted to /var/chroot-home/david/. But what if i was to setup a passwordless auth? I have tried pasting his key in /var/chroot-home/david/.ssh/authorized_keys but no use, tried ssh'ing as david to the box and it just stops at "debug1: Sending env LC_CTYPE = C" after i supply it password and there is nothing shown in auth.log, may be because it can't find the homedir. If i do "su - david" as root i see "No directory, logging in with HOME=/" which makes sense. Symlink doesn't help either. I have also tried with: Match group clients ChrootDirectory /var/chroot-home/%u X11Forwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand internal-sftp a dummy user root:~# tail -n1 /etc/passwd david:x:1000:1001::/var/chroot-home/david:/bin/sh This way if i don't change /var/chroot-home/david to root:root sshd complains about bad ownership or permission modes, and if i do, david can no longer upload/delete anything directly in his home while using sftp from filezilla.

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• DNSBL listed at zen.spamhaus.org - cant get outgoing mail working? Am I interpreting the response correctly?

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  I have problem with a mailserver and there is something I kind of not understand! I can connect, authenticate, specify the sender address - but when specifying the reciever i get a error 550 which looks like so: RCPT TO:[email protected] 550-DNSBL listed at zen.spamhaus.org 550 http://www.spamhaus.org/query/bl?ip=62.178.15.161 Now the strange thing is that 62.178.15.161 is my local client address. Not the servers ip address. Also the error code 550 seems to be defined as so: 550 Requested action not taken: mailbox unavailable To me that makes totally no sense. Why this error code with this spamhaus message? Why the local ip adress and not the servers? There is exim running and there is nothing turning up in the logs mail.err mail.info mail.log mail.warn in /var/log I looked up both the servers and the clients ip adress on blacklists. The clients ip adress is listed on some (as expected), but the server is totally clean. Here is the complete telnet log when I reproduced the error. Mail clients like Evolution and Thunderbird give me the same spamhaus error message. joe@joe-desktop:~$ telnet mail.hunsynth.org 25 Trying 193.164.132.42... Connected to mail.hunsynth.org. Escape character is '^]'. 220 hunsynth.org ESMTP Exim 4.69 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 17:52:45 +0100 HELP 214-Commands supported: 214 AUTH STARTTLS HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA NOOP QUIT RSET HELP EHLO AUTH 250-hunsynth.org Hello chello062178015161.6.11.univie.teleweb.at [62.178.15.161] 250-SIZE 52428800 250-PIPELINING 250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 250-STARTTLS 250 HELP AUTH LOGIN 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6 dGVzdEBodW5zeW50aC5vcmc= 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6 ***** 235 Authentication succeeded MAIL FROM:[email protected] 250 OK RCPT TO:[email protected] 550-DNSBL listed at zen.spamhaus.org 550 http://www.spamhaus.org/query/bl?ip=62.178.15.161 quit 221 hunsynth.org closing connection Connection closed by foreign host. joe@joe-desktop:~$ Update: I tried the same thing from my other server and could successfully send an email. So it really looks like the server does check the IP wich establiches the connection is in some blacklist. This is theoretically a good thing - but - the authentication on the server should prevent that? Or shouldn't it? Well I just think it would be absurd if I couldn't send email over my smtp server from my dynamic ISP connection because the dynamic is listed, altough i have a clean server with login?

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• script to recursively check for and select dependencies

  - by rp.sullivan

  I have written a script that does this but it is one of my first scripts ever so i am sure there is a better way:) Let me know how you would go about doing this. I'm looking for a simple yet efficient way to do this. Here is some important background info: ( It might be a little confusing but hopefully by the end it will make sense. ) 1) This image shows the structure/location of the relevant dirs and files. 2) The packages.file located at ./config/default/config/packages is a space delimited file. field5 is the "package name" which i will call $a for explanations sake. field4 is the name of the dir containing the $a.dir i will call $b field1 shows if the package is selected or not, "X"(capital x) for selected and "O"(capital o as in orange) for not selected. Here is an example of what the packages.file might contain: ... X ---3------ 104.800 database gdbm 1.8.3 / base/library CROSS 0 O -1---5---- 105.000 base libiconv 1.13.1 / base/tool CROSS 0 X 01---5---- 105.000 base pkgconfig 0.25 / base/tool CROSS 0 X -1-3------ 105.000 base texinfo 4.13a / base/tool CROSS DIETLIBC 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop duma 2_5_15 / base/development CROSS NOPARALLEL 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop electricfence 2_4_13 / base/development CROSS 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop gnupth 2.0.7 / extra/development CROSS NOPARALLEL FPIC-QUIRK 0 ... 3) For almost every package listed in the "packages.file" there is a corresponding ".cache file" The .cache file for package $a would be located at ./package/$b/$a/$a.cache The .cache files contain a list of dependencies for that particular package. Here is an example of one of the .cache files might look like. Note that the dependencies are field2 of lines containing "[DEP]" These dependencies are all names of packages in the "package.file" [TIMESTAMP] 1134178701 Sat Dec 10 02:38:21 2005 [BUILDTIME] 295 (9) [SIZE] 11.64 MB, 191 files [DEP] 00-dirtree [DEP] bash [DEP] binutils [DEP] bzip2 [DEP] cf [DEP] coreutils ... So with all that in mind... I'm looking for a shell script that: From within the "main dir" Looks at the ./config/default/config/packages file and finds the "selected" packages and reads the corresponding .cache Then compiles a list of dependencies that excludes the already selected packages Then selects the dependencies (by changing field1 to X) in the ./config/default/config/packages file and repeats until all the dependencies are met Note: The script will ultimately end up in the "scripts dir" and be called from the "main dir". If this is not clear let me know what need clarification. For those interested I'm playing around with T2 SDE. If you are into playing around with linux it might be worth taking a look.

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• Windows 7 boot problem (with colorful blinking smilies)

  - by Ishmael Smyrnow

  I put my computer (Windows 7) to sleep, and a couple hours later, tried to wake it back up, but the monitor wouldn't come back on. I did a hard reset (held power button), but I still couldn't get the monitor to show anything. I plugged it into my laptop, and the monitor works fine. I then swapped out the video card with an older one I have. The monitor came on and started showing the boot process. However, shortly after the Windows 7 animated logo came up, the screen went blank, it made this weird beeping noise, and I seen the strangest thing ever. Small, colorful blocks started to fill my screen, and flash, as if something was loading. Inside of those blocks, were smilies (like the ASCII character kind). This continued for about a minute, then the computer rebooted. It scared the sh!t out of me. I've never had a virus before, and I'm savvy enough to keep myself from one, but I'm wondering if that's what it was. I've been using computers for ages, and never seen anything quite like this. Has anyone ever seen something like this? I'm doing hardware diagnostics before trying to boot into Windows again. Hopefully I can figure this out, but I thought I would consult the SU community while I wait on these results. -- UPDATE -- I did a Memory Diagnostic, which turned up nothing. I also booted into Safe Mode no problem, and scheduled a disk check on both of my drives (I dual boot XP & 7). I was feeling good, and tried putting my regular video card back in, and the monitor won't display anything with it. Also, even though the monitor displays nothing, the system sounds like it's booting up. However, I hear a clicking in one of my hard drives that isn't there with the older video card. Could this be a problem with my hard drive, video card, or PSU? PSU makes sense, except for the fact I've been using the same setup for over a year, and the video card doesn't require it's own power plug thing.

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• Using an SSD with no AHCI [ICH7 base] - Windows 7 hangs frequently

  - by h4xnoodle

  I have a Shuttle Intel G31 + ICH7 (base -- not M/R etc) system. I just bought an OCZ Vertex 3 120gb [VTX3-25SAT3-120G] which includes the Sandforce 2218 firmware. The ICH7 does not support AHCI. I understand that this can be a problem. What I don't understand, is if it's necessary to have the proper performance of this drive. I know that without AHCI I may get a limited read/write speed -- this is fine. What my concern is, is the constant freezing/hangs I'm getting with Windows 7 on any disk activity. The 'Highest Active Time' flip-flops from 0 to 100% every minute or so regardless of large or small files. EDIT: The threads/processes with the highest response time is the kernel. I've been reading about other people with Shuttle SG31G2s, and they seem to be using SSDs no problem. Is this the controller's fault? The fact that I do not have AHCI enabled? It makes sense to me that if this SSD requires AHCI features that it would cause Windows to hang, but I would like to fully determine my situation before returning things/reformatting. To initially have my drive recognise the SSD at all, I had to change the BIOS option to Force Gen II instead of Auto for the SATA controller. I then installed Windows with no problem. There were no errors in the event log related to disk usage, but watching the perfmon I could see the highest active time and the processes (usually pagefile.sys being written to, or chrome/firefox caching) which was correlated to the hanging. So now what I need answered is: should I be returning this SSD and getting one with a different controller, or returning the SSD all-together as it will never work out and I will continue to get these hangs. Posts I've read: Windows 7 New SSD SATA AHCI? -- suggests to use AHCI http://forums.anandtech.com/showthread.php?t=2189868 -- Sandforce issues Windows 7 freezes with SSD -- and attached posts Why does my Windows 7 PC / SSD drive keep freezing? -- this is not the controller I have, but still a related issue. Windows 7 hangs after longer inactivity of user -- also tried messing with power settings with no luck. It was already set to 'Never' for turning off HDDs.

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• Can't manage iPod from linux anymore

  - by kemp

  I used to be able to see and manage my iPod with different softwares: Amarok, Rhythmbox, GTKPod. The device is a nano 1st generation 4gb. Currently it mounts regularly and can be accessed from the file system, but I get this in dmesg: [ 1547.617891] scsi 11:0:0:0: Direct-Access Apple iPod 1.62 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 [ 1547.619103] sd 11:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 1547.620478] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Adjusting the sector count from its reported value: 7999488 [ 1547.620494] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] 7999487 512-byte hardware sectors: (4.09 GB/3.81 GiB) [ 1547.621718] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 1547.621726] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 68 00 00 08 [ 1547.621732] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 1547.623591] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Adjusting the sector count from its reported value: 7999488 [ 1547.624993] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 1547.625003] sdb: sdb1 sdb2 [ 1547.629686] sd 11:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk [ 1548.084026] FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive! [ 1548.369502] FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive! [ 1548.504358] FAT: invalid media value (0x2f) [ 1548.504363] VFS: Can't find a valid FAT filesystem on dev sdb1. [ 1548.945173] FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive! [ 1548.945179] FAT: invalid media value (0x2f) [ 1548.945182] VFS: Can't find a valid FAT filesystem on dev sdb1. [ 1610.092886] usb 2-6: USB disconnect, address 9 The only application that can access it (partially) is Rhythmbox. I say partially because I can transfer files to the iPod but can't remove or modify them. Also one transfer didn't finish and only 9 out of 16 songs were delivered to the device. All other softwares I tried (GTKPod, Amarok, Songbird) don't even detect it. What can I do to troubleshoot this? EDIT: # fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 4095 MB, 4095737344 bytes 241 heads, 62 sectors/track, 535 cylinders Units = cylinders of 14942 * 512 = 7650304 bytes Disk identifier: 0x20202020 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 11 80293+ 0 Empty Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): phys=(0, 1, 1) logical=(0, 1, 2) Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings: phys=(9, 254, 63) logical=(10, 181, 8) Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb2 11 536 3919415+ b W95 FAT32 Partition 2 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): phys=(10, 0, 7) logical=(10, 181, 15) Partition 2 has different physical/logical endings: phys=(497, 240, 62) logical=(535, 88, 61) EDIT2: The "before" state is hard to tell, it was a lot of updates ago. Haven't been using my iPod for a while so I can't say when exactly it stopped working. I'm sure Amarok was still at version 1.X but can't remember when it was. My current system is debian testing fully updated. NOTE: just noticed that if I mount the device manually instead of letting nautilus automount it, I can see it again on GTKPod but still not on Banshee AND it's vanished from Rhythmbox...

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• EC2 Filesystem / Files stored on the wrong partiton after launching new instance from AMI

  - by Philip Isaacs

  Today I set up a new EC2 Instance from and AMI I created from an older EC2 instance. When I launched the new instance I took the AMI that was on a small instance and launched with a medium instance. From what I can tell this is pretty standard stuff. But here's the stang part. According to AWS these are the differences Small Instance (Default) 1.7 GB of memory, 1 EC2 Compute Unit (1 virtual core with 1 EC2 Compute Unit), 160 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit or 64-bit platform Medium Instance 3.75 GB of memory, 2 EC2 Compute Units (1 virtual core with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 410 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit or 64-bit platform Okay now here's where I'm having an issue. I when I log into the new bigger instance it still reports only having 1.7 GB of ram. The other strange part is that all my old partitions are still their in the same configurations. I see a new larger partition /mnt which is essential empty. Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 7.9G 5.9G 1.6G 79% / none 846M 120K 846M 1% /dev none 879M 0 879M 0% /dev/shm none 879M 76K 878M 1% /var/run none 879M 0 879M 0% /var/lock none 879M 0 879M 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sda2 335G 195M 318G 1% /mnt /dev/sdf 16G 9.9G 5.1G 67% /var2 This EC2 is a web server and I was serving files off the /var2 directory but for some reason the instance is storing everything on / Okay here's what I'd like to do. Move all my website files to /mnt and have the web server point to that. Any suggestions? If it helps here is what my fstab looks like as well. root@myserver:/var# mount -l /dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw) [cloudimg-rootfs] proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) /dev/sda2 on /mnt type ext3 (rw) /dev/sdf on /var2 type ext4 (rw,noatime) I hope this question makes sense. Basically i want my old files on this new partition. Thanks in advance

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• Completely remove user account and create another with same name in Windows 7

  - by TeaJay

  Here's my question simply and then the details in case they help to get me an appropriate answer. Question: How can I completely and permanently delete a user account in Windows 7 so that I can create another one with the same user name without the computer name extension added, eg Jane Smith not Jane Smith.computer name? The details: I just did a clean install of Windows 7 Professional 32 bit. (My laptop crashed, I reinstalled Vista and restored backup files but things weren't working so I decided to just get Windows 7 since I had to start over anyway). I used Windows Easy Transfer to save just about everything, even customizing to include a user's appdata from Windows.old which was created when I reinstalled Vista -- not knowing that another windows.old file would be created with the installation of Windows 7. After installing Windows 7, I used Windows Easy Transfer to transfer the user file, appdata, to the new user account which I gave the same name (Jane Smith) in case having a different name would cause problems with reading files or something. Afterwards, I realized that I did not want ALL of that junk. So, I thought no problem, I'll just delete the user account I just created, nothing lost, and create another one this time transferring only the files I wanted (using the customize option in windows easy transfer). I wanted to keep the same user name, e.g. Jane Smith, so after I deleted the user account I checked the files, and I didn't see. It was late so I went to bed and the next morning I created a new user with that same name (Jane Smith). The files looked fine if I remember correctly. Meanwhile, I updated the computer and it restarted a couple times. As I was moving files to the "Jane Smith" user account file, things weren't working as they should. I was actually moving files to the deleted user account and that the current user account was named "Jane Smith.computer name" and that's where the files needed to go. I don't like this. It's too confusing. I want just "Jane Smith". How can I do this without just changing the user name (which doesn't change it in the file path etc)? I want the first one GONE. If I can't do this, is it a problem to create an account with another name and still transfer files to it without path or other problems? I hope this question makes sense and that someone can help me. Thank you in advance!

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• Postfix SMTP auth not working with virtual mailboxes + SASL + Courier userdb

  - by Greg K

  So I've read a variety of tutorials and how-to's and I'm struggling to make sense of how to get SMTP auth working with virtual mailboxes in Postfix. I used this Ubuntu tutorial to get set up. I'm using Courier-IMAP and POP3 for reading mail which seems to be working without issue. However, the credentials used to read a mailbox are not working for SMTP. I can see from /var/log/auth.log that PAM is being used, does this require a UNIX user account to work? As I'm using virtual mailboxes to avoid creating user accounts. li305-246 saslauthd[22856]: DEBUG: auth_pam: pam_authenticate failed: Authentication failure li305-246 saslauthd[22856]: do_auth : auth failure: [user=fred] [service=smtp] [realm=] [mech=pam] [reason=PAM auth error] /var/log/mail.log li305-246 postfix/smtpd[27091]: setting up TLS connection from mail-pb0-f43.google.com[209.85.160.43] li305-246 postfix/smtpd[27091]: Anonymous TLS connection established from mail-pb0-f43.google.com[209.85.160.43]: TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA (128/128 bits) li305-246 postfix/smtpd[27091]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed li305-246 postfix/smtpd[27091]: warning: mail-pb0-f43.google.com[209.85.160.43]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure I've created accounts in userdb as per this tutorial. Does Postfix also use authuserdb? What debug information is needed to help diagnose my issue? main.cf: # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/smtpd.crt smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/smtpd.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # SMTP parameters smtpd_sasl_local_domain = smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination smtp_tls_security_level = may smtpd_tls_security_level = may smtpd_tls_auth_only = no smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/cacert.pem smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: plain login /etc/default/saslauthd START=yes PWDIR="/var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd" PARAMS="-m ${PWDIR}" PIDFILE="${PWDIR}/saslauthd.pid" DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon" NAME="saslauthd" MECHANISMS="pam" MECH_OPTIONS="" THREADS=5 OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd" /etc/courier/authdaemonrc authmodulelist="authuserdb" I've only modified one line in authdaemonrc and restarted the service as per this tutorial. I've added accounts to /etc/courier/userdb via userdb and userdbpw and run makeuserdb as per the tutorial. SOLVED Thanks to Jenny D for suggesting use of rimap to auth against localhost IMAP server (which reads userdb credentials). I updated /etc/default/saslauthd to start saslauthd correctly (this page was useful) MECHANISMS="rimap" MECH_OPTIONS="localhost" THREADS=0 OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r" After doing this I got the following error in /var/log/auth.log: li305-246 saslauthd[28093]: auth_rimap: unexpected response to auth request: * BYE [ALERT] Fatal error: Account's mailbox directory is not owned by the correct uid or gid: li305-246 saslauthd[28093]: do_auth : auth failure: [user=fred] [service=smtp] [realm=] [mech=rimap] [reason=[ALERT] Unexpected response from remote authentication server] This blog post detailed a solution by setting IMAP_MAILBOX_SANITY_CHECK=0 in /etc/courier/imapd. Then restart your courier and saslauthd daemons for config changes to take effect. sudo /etc/init.d/courier-imap restart sudo /etc/init.d/courier-authdaemon restart sudo /etc/init.d/saslauthd restart Watch /var/log/auth.log while trying to send email. Hopefully you're good!

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• OpenVPN Clients using server's connection (with no default gateway)

  - by Branden Martin

  I wanted an OpenVPN server so that I could create a private VPN network for staff to connect to the server. However, not as planned, when clients connect to the VPN, it's using the VPN's internet connection (ex: when going to whatsmyip.com, it's that of the server and not the clients home connection). server.conf local <serverip> port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca ca.crt cert x.crt key x.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 9 client.conf client dev tun proto udp remote <srever> 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert x.crt key x.key ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 Server's route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 69.64.48.0 * 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default static-ip-69-64 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 default static-ip-69-64 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 default static-ip-69-64 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Server's IP Tables Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination fail2ban-proftpd tcp -- anywhere anywhere multiport dports ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data fail2ban-ssh tcp -- anywhere anywhere multiport dports ssh ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:domain ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:20000 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:webmin ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imaps ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imap2 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3s ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ftp-data ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ftp ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:domain ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain fail2ban-proftpd (1 references) target prot opt source destination RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere Chain fail2ban-ssh (1 references) target prot opt source destination RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere My goal is that clients can only talk to the server and other clients that are connected. Hope I made sense. Thanks for the help!

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• Block Google requests to 16k using pf firewall

  - by atmosx

  I'd like to block access to Google search using PF after the threshold of 17500 requests (connection established) in 24h, from a host running FreeBSD 9. What I came up with, after reading pf-faq is this rule: pass out on $net proto tcp from any to 'www.google.com' port www flags S/SA keep state (max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400) NOTE: 86400 are 24h in seconds. The rule should work, but PF is smart enough to know that www.google.com resolves in 5 different IPs. So my pfctl -sr output gives me this: pass out on vte0 inet proto tcp from any to 173.194.44.81 port = http flags S/SA keep state (source-track rule, max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400, src.track 86400) pass out on vte0 inet proto tcp from any to 173.194.44.82 port = http flags S/SA keep state (source-track rule, max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400, src.track 86400) pass out on vte0 inet proto tcp from any to 173.194.44.83 port = http flags S/SA keep state (source-track rule, max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400, src.track 86400) pass out on vte0 inet proto tcp from any to 173.194.44.80 port = http flags S/SA keep state (source-track rule, max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400, src.track 86400) pass out on vte0 inet proto tcp from any to 173.194.44.84 port = http flags S/SA keep state (source-track rule, max-src-conn 200, max-src-conn-rate 17500/86400, src.track 86400) PF creates 5 different rules, 1 for each IP that Google resolves. However I have the sense - without being 100% sure, I didn't had the chance to test it - that the number 17500/86400 applies for each IP. If that's the case - please confirm - then it's not what I want. In pf-faq there's another option called source-track-global: source-track This option enables the tracking of number of states created per source IP address. This option has two formats: + source-track rule - The maximum number of states created by this rule is limited by the rule's max-src-nodes and max-src-states options. Only state entries created by this particular rule count toward the rule's limits. + source-track global - The number of states created by all rules that use this option is limited. Each rule can specify different max-src-nodes and max-src-states options, however state entries created by any participating rule count towards each individual rule's limits. The total number of source IP addresses tracked globally can be controlled via the src-nodes runtime option. I tried to apply source-track-global in the above rule without success. How can I use this option in order to achieve my goal? Any thoughts or comments are more than welcome since I'm an amateur and don't fully understand PF yet. Thanks

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• Windows 7 remains powered on when restarting

  - by BombDefused

  I'm running windows 7 x64 on an MSI P67A-GD53 motherboard, in an Antec P280 Super Midi Towercase with a Corsair 650w PSU. I've just installed a second instance of windows 7 x64 on a separate disk (this is to keep my games separate from my work OS). The problem is that it appears now that I cannot restart from either instance of Windows 7. The shut down command, and sleep commands work as expected. When I try to restart, the shutdown happens but the system never reboots. Everything remains powered on, until I hold down the power button to force the power off. Ithink (but am not 100% sure) this has only started since I installed the second OS, and am assuming this has something to do with the motherboard needing to know which OS to run up again? Some other forums I've read suggest that the PSU has a major role in restart and could be at fault. Changing the boot order of the disks in the BIOS does not change anything. Any suggestions greatfully recieved! Update: I now have a reproduceable issue: I think the secondary OS install may have been a red herring. It was when windows tried to reboot during the install that I noticed the issue. After playing around with installing drivers, and rebooting many many times, I have found that it is the OC genie setting on the MSI motherboard that seems to trigger the problem. This makes sense as I only started using the OC genie feature a couple of weeks ago, and probably hadn't used restart in that time. However... simply turning off OC genie does not make the issue go away. I have to turn off OC genie, shutdown, start enter bios, go to the "Save and Exit" menu "Restore Defaults" yes to "Load optimized defaults", which will reset to clear the problem. Now when the PC boots into windows, I can restart as normal (and from the OS on either HDD). I only know how to control the issue, and don't still know the root cause. I'd like to be able to use the OC genie function if anyone can suggest a why I'm seeing this problem. Could it be that I'm drawing too much power when using OC feature?

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• How to grow to be global sysadmin of an organization?

  - by user64729

  Bit of a non-technical question but I have seen questions of the career development type on here before so hopefully it is fine. I work for a fast growing but still small organization (~65 employees). I have been their external sysadmin for a while now, looking after hosted Linux servers and infrastructure. In the past 12 months I have been transforming into the internal sysadmin for our office too. I'm currently studying Cisco CCNA to cover the demands of being an internal sysadmin and looking after the office LAN, routers, switches and VPNs. Now they want me to look after the global sysadmin function of the organization as a whole. The organization has 3 offices in total, 2 in the UK and 1 in the US. I work in one of the UK offices. The other offices are primarily Windows desktops with AD domain shops. My office is primarily a Linux shop with a file-server and NFS/NIS (no AD domain for the Windows desktops yet but it's in the works). Each other office has a sysadmin which in theory I am supposed to supervise but in reality each is independent. I have a very competent junior sysadmin working with me who shares the day-to-day tasks and does some of the longer term projects with my supervision. My boss has asked me how to grow from being the external sysadmin to the global sysadmin. I am to ponder this and then report back to him on how to achieve this. My current thoughts are: Management training or professional development - eg. reading books such as "Influencer" and "7 Habits". Also I feel I should take steps to improving communication skills since a senior person is expected to talk and speak out more often. Learn more about Windows and Active Directory - I'm an LPI-certified guy and have a lot of experience in Linux (Ubuntu or desktop, Debian/Ubuntu as server). Since the other offices are mainly Windows-domains it makes sense to skill-up in that area so I can understand what the other admins are talking about. Talk to previous colleagues who have are are in this role already - to try and get the benefit of their experience. Produce an "IT Roadmap" or similar that maps out where we want the organization to be and when, plotted out over the next couple of years with regards to internal and external infrastructure. I have produced a "Security roadmap" already which does cover some of these things. I guess this can summed up as "thinking more strategically"? I'd appreciate comments from anyone who has been through a similar situation, thanks.

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• Static IPv6 address in Windows unused for outgoing connections

  - by Luc

  I'm running a Windows server and trying to get it to use a static IPv6 address for outgoing connections to other IPv6 hosts (such as Gmail). I need this because Gmail requires a ptr record, and I can't set one for random addresses. The static address is configured on the host, but it also has a temporary privacy address as well as a random address from the router it seems. By default Windows uses the privacy address; it seems this is the expected behavior (and it makes perfect sense for people/users that did not set a static address, but I did!). I've tried disabling the privacy address with: netsh int ipv6 set privacy disabled This indeed gets rid of the privacy address, but I still have the random address that the router assigned. To disable this, it was said I needed to disable "router discovery" using this command: net interface ipv6 set interface 14 routerdiscovery=disabled Upon doing this, all IPv6 connectivity is lost. If I do this while pinging Gmail, it will report "Destination host unreachable" as soon as I enter the command. In the static IPv6 configuration, I did configure the default gateway and prefix length, so I don't see why it's unable to connect. Probably has something to do with the lack of ARP in IPv6 and somehow being unable to resolve the router's MAC, but I wouldn't know how to fix this. Finally I've tried disabling the DHCPv6 lease with these commands: netsh interface ipv6 set interface "IDMZ Team" managedaddress=disabled netsh interface ipv6 set interface "IDMZ Team" otherstateful=disabled Which was to no avail; the host continues to obtain and use the router-assigned IPv6 address. The router is a FritzBox 7340, which shows me all the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses that the host (identified by MAC) utilizes, but I'm unable to change the assigned address. Maybe this could be done over the telnet interface of the router somehow, but again, I wouldn't know how to do this even if it's the way to go. In short, any of the following would probably solve my problem: Change Windows' source address selection behavior. Have Windows not get an address from the router and not generate a privacy address; Have the router hand out a static address and make Windows use that as source address. Recover connectivity after disabling router discovery on Windows. Alternatively I might use some (batch, perl, ...) script to throw away all IPv6 addresses except the desired one, but this feels rather hacky. If it's the only way (or less hacky than another hacky solution), it might be an option though. Thanks!

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• Stack-based keyboard delay using Logitech MX3100 keyboard

  - by Mark S. Rasmussen

  I've been using a Logitech Cordless Desktop MX3100 keyboard for quite a while. I've never really had any problems, except for the occasional typo. I noticed however that I tended make the typo "Laod" instead of "Load", quite a bit more often than any other typos. As it started to get on my nerves, I decided to do some testing. What I found out was than when I write lowercase "load", I'd never make the typo. All uppercase, or just uppercase L, I'd make the typo quite often. My actual (very scientific) testing is probably best described by showing the output: moatmoatmoat MoatMoatMoat loatloatloat LaotLaotLaot loafloafloaf LaofLaofLaof hoathoathoat HoatHoatHoat hoadhoadhoad HoadHoadHoad lortlortlort LrotLrotLrot What i found out was that whenever shift was depressed, typing an uppercase "L" would induce a significant lag if the next character was an "o", compared to the lag of the any other key: High "o" lag: LoLoLoLoLoLo No "a" lag: LaLaLaLaLaLa No lag for neither "o" nor "a": lolololololo lalalalalala By realizing this I regained a slight bit of sanity as I knew I wasn't coming down with a case of Parkinsons. I was actually typing correctly, the lag just interpreted it wrongly. Now, what really bugs me is that I can't fathom how this is occurring. What I'm actually typing, in physical order, is this: L - o - a - d, and yet, the "a" is output before the "o", even though "o" was pressed before "a". So while the keyboard is processing the "Lo" combo, the "a" gets prioritized and is inserted before the "o" is done processing, resulting in Laod instead of Load. And this only happens when typing "Lo", not when typing lowercase "lo". This problem could stem from the keyboard hardware, the receiver hardware or the keyboard software driver. No matter the fault location however, I can't imagine how this could be implemented as anything but a FIFO queue. A general delay, sure, I could live with that, albeit I'd be irritated. But a lag affecting different keys differently, and even resulting in unpredictable outcome - that just doesn't make any sense. I've solved the problem by just switching to a wired keyboard. I just can't shake it off me though; what kind of bug/error/scenario would result in a case like this? Edit: It's been suggested that I stop drinking Red Bull and stick to water instead. While that may actually help solve the issue, I'm really not looking for a solution as such. I'm more interested in an explanation of how this could happen, as I can't imagine any viable technical solution that could result in this behavior.

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• How to make a 100% UNIQUE dvd? [closed]

  - by sajawikio

  Is it possible to make a DVD which would be next to impossible to replicate exactly even with special equipment? To be clear, not in the sense of making the data itself resistant to piracy - nothing like that. More like as an analogy to antiques - a reproduction of a furniture would be able to be spotted to a trained eye, that it is not the original. Is it possible to do this for a dvd? Like, say a dvd is copied, even by someone who is trying to use even special equipment and is hypothetically dying to copy the dvd exactly for whatever reason - even such copied dvd would be detectable that it is not exactly the original dvd somehow (as if it were a reproduction of an original antique, but not the original), and would be almost or even preferably impossible to actually copy 100% exact the dvd ever again. Just some ideas below on the sort of thing i might go about doing to do this, but really am not sure how or what programs, media, hardware, etc. would do the trick Not sure what would do the trick -- but for instance do there exist any blank dvd's that already come pre-recorded with some sort of serial number or bar code, or other metadata, or an encrypted hash, or something like that? Maybe any blank dvd will do but i should get a special software to extract hardcoded metadata? If so which software? Or special hardware even maybe? Such dvd which the "secret" can be: Well, to know what the "secret" is and if it is present on the disk, it probably should be readable by some software or maybe a particular hardware (i guess preferably only if some sort of key is known and input into the software, even better, only then such secret data on disk can be read, otherwise nothing shows up and it looks like just a regular disk with no secret on it), and Would be impossible to actually replicate, especially not with regular burning hardware and preferably not at all. Other idea: Is there any special software that can direct the write head of laser to physically "mar" the dvd in such a way that, when played in dvd player, makes a particular visual pattern or something like that, also say the mar itself shows up as faint scratch on disk, but would be impossible for someone to do themselves exactly? EDIT: Also to clarify suppose the dvd contains video and music that should be playable on dvd players, maybe a menu too (i.e not a dvd containing software), and also to clarify the question is about how to make dvd 100% unique, not how to make the actual content of dvd protected from "piracy".

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• Troubleshooting major performance issue: Is culprit Intel RST, Hard drive, or something else?

  - by Sean Killeen

  The Setup I have the following components that come into play in this situation: ASUS P8Z68 V/PRO motherboard a RAID1 configuration (1x 1TB drive, 1 x 2TB drive -- I explain below), accelerated with an SSD using Intel's RST software, and 1 TB drive standing by as a spare. Core i7 2600k 32 GB RAM Windows 8.1 This box was designed to be beast, and until just recently, was very good at being just that. What's Happening The system has slowed to a crawl whenever it touches the disk. Things appear to work at normal speed when dealing with memory. For example, typing this is fine, but saving it to disk from notepad gave me a 5-7 second pause when clicking save. The disks appear to be at 100% all the time (e.g. the light on the disk access on the PC is solidly on -- not even any flashing) In ProcExp it appears that the disk is barely being utilized at all: Intel RST reports that everything is fine: Other Details Prior to this happening, RST had reported that my drives were failing (one went bad, one was throwing SMART events). This made sense; they were at the tail end of their warranty and the PC is on almost all the time. I RMA'd the drives via Seagate. In the meantime, I'd purchased a 2TB drive because I didn't realize that the 1TB drives were under warranty. I figured I'd replace the other 1 TB drive with another 2 TB when it died but then discovered the warranty. AFAIK, I haven't done any major updates since 8.1 and it worked fine after those. Question(s) How can I troubleshoot this? What is the best way to try to figure out why disks are being maxed out despite the OS reporting barely any disk usage and that everything is OK? Given the failures, etc. that I describe above, is it possible that the problem could be the I/O on the motherboard itself? If so, how would I even be able to diagnose it? I'm betting the drives that Seagate gave me are refurbished (didn't think to look; that's dumb). Is it possible that the same model drive, refurbished, could somehow cause this? In terms of how RAID1 works, is it possible that one drive is "falling behind" somehow, and that the RAID1 is constantly trying to fix the mirroring? If so, this seems like Intel RST would report on it, but I wanted to consider it as an option.

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• My server is slower than the average user's computer, should I still offload Access queries to SQL Server? [closed]

  - by andrewb

  Possible Duplicate: How do you do Load Testing and Capacity Planning for Databases I have a database set up with MS Access 2007 front ends and an SQL Server 2005 back end. At the moment, all the queries are saved in the front end as I've only recently moved to an SQL Server backend. I'm wondering how much of those queries I should save as stored procedures/views on SQL Server. About the system The number of concurrent users is only a handful, though it could be as high as 25 at one time (very unlikely). The average computer has an Intel i3-2120 CPU running at 3.3 GHz, which gets a PassMark score of 3,987, whilst the server has an Intel Xeon E5335 running at 2.0 GHz, which gets a PassMark score of 2,637. Always an awkward situation when an i3 outperforms a Xeon... though the i3 is from Q1 2011 and the Xeon is Q2 2009. There is potential for a server upgrade in the future, though it wouldn't come easy. I'm inclined to move the queries to the back end, as they are beginning to take noticeable time and I figure that is a better way of doing things. I like the idea of throwing everything at the server, then pushing for a server upgrade. It makes more sense in my mind to be upgrading one server rather than 30 PCs. Or am I being overzealous? Why my question isn't a duplicate It seems that my question has been misinterpreted and labelled a duplicate of quite a different question, one about testing and capacity planning. I'll try explain how my question is very different from the linked question. The crux of my question is something like "Even though my server is technically slower, is it better to have it doing more of the queries?" There's two ways that people could have answered this: I agree the server is going to be slower, but the extra benefits of such and such (like the less Access the better) means you should move most to the server anyway. (OR no it doesn't outweigh the benefit, keep them in Access) Actually the server will be faster because of such and such. I'm hoping that people out there could provide some answers like this, and the question in the dupe link doesn't really provide either of these answers. Ok sure, I suppose I could do extensive performance testing to compare Access queries running on a local machine to SQL Server queries running on the server, but that sounds like a very hard task (particularly performance testing of access) compared to someone giving some quick general guidance, and again, my question is looking for a lot more than immediate performance benefit.

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• git, egit, submodules, and symlinks -- how should shared sub-projects be handled in eclipse?

  - by Autophil

  Question: what's the best way to handle sub-projects in eclipse when using git for SCM? Here's the situation. I have a few git projects with a directory structure layed out more or less like this: simpleproj app www admin demo lib model orm view model user blah ... storeproj app www about mobile fbapp lib model orm view model user message cart product merchant Each directory in "lib" contains a separate project, either created in-house or forked, all of which use git for source control. So I figured I should make them submodules of my projects, right? Well, we've been moving toward eclipse + egit, because some of our windows guys not used to a CLI need something they can use without being scared of screwing things up. Anyway, the problem is, egit doesn't support submodules. So, my solution has been a rather crude one involving symlinks... lets say my directory structure on my dev box is generally layed out like this: ~/projects/ bigproj .git app lib model (- ~/lib/model/src/) orm (- ~/lib/orm/src/) neatproj .git app lib view (- ~/lib/view/src/) oldproj .git app lib orm (- ~/lib/orm/src/) ~/lib/ model .git src README.md orm .git src COPYING view .git src ...the symlinks link to a subdirectory of the directory containing the git repo, so eclipse doesn't get confused, and everything sort of works. On my machine, I can update the libs from anywhere and all projects will be updated (needing to be committed again of course). Each project stores a separate copy of the contents of the symlinked directories within "lib" -- but only when staged from within eclipse. After committing from eclipse and moving back to the CLI, git sees that a bunch of files have been removed and a few symlinks have been created. Of course this is acceptable also, probably more so than keeping a separate history of the libs for each project... but eclipse and CLI git obviously need to be on the same page so tons of files aren't vanishing and reappearing. So this brings me to my question. I'd like to know how to either: get eclipse+egit to see the symlinks as symlinks if git will somehow handle them properly*, or get the CLI git to treat them as non-symlinks. Or, if there's a better way to do this, I'm all ears. Hope this all made sense! :D Note: tried to tag this as git-submodules, but was not allowed :( * should I make them relative or absolute? Either way it's a mess. Also will symlinks will work on windows? i know there's something similar but you need a 3rd party tool to manage them AFAIK, i doubt these would translate well.

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• Microphones not working on Apple macbook Air 1,1 (Early 2008) under Linux

  - by jj_p

  I'm running Linux on an mba. I can't make the microphones (neither external nor internal) work. I test using alsamixer and arecord -d 5 test-mic.waw together with aplay test-mic.waw It seems there is a problem with kernel trying to decipher Apple (intentionally) corrupted 'bios', in particular the mic pins are wrongly assigned. As far as we are concerned here, is there any difference between using EFI and BIOS-compatibility mode? (see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/MacBook where they claim to have everything working out of the box on mba1,1) A nice proposal would be to compile the latest Linux kernel and run hda-jack-retask to find the right configuration (in the case of Realtek codec, the missing things I'm supposed to check are either some vendor-specific COEF verbs, EAPD or GPIO setup.), and then come up with a kernel patch to address the issue. Since I'm not that familiar with this last part of the story, can anyone help me through this process? Some useful data: The output from alsa script run as root http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=adae8ebee1007043fe83414ac4972319e02255fa The command hda-jack-sense-test -a (with external mic in) Pin 0x14 (Internal Speaker): present = No Pin 0x15 (Green HP Out): present = Yes Pin 0x16 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x17 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x18 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x19 (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1a (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1b (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1c (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1d (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1e (Not connected): present = No Pin 0x1f (Not connected): present = No Most likely the chip is Realtek ALC885 (compare also ALC889A) http://guide-images.ifixit.net/igi/bBTSqaeK5JpQ1AWe.large , although at the moment alsa reads it as ALC889A Takashi Iwai's tutorial https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt Some people researched the original files from a running OS X installation on this same model (I think the relevant files are AppleHDA.kext/Contents/MacOS/AppleHDA AppleHDA.kext/Contents/PlugIns/AppleHDAHardwareConfigDriver.kext/Contents/Info.p????list AppleHDA.kext/Contents/Resources/layout12.xml.zlib AppleHDA.kext/Contents/Resources/Platforms.xml.zlib) http://www.insanelymac.com/forum/topic/220090-alc889a-pin-configuration/#entry1554954 Datasheet http://www.realtek.info/pdf/ALC885_1-1.pdf (from the same Realtek, one can also try to download Linux driver, but this is just taken from ALSA project, as stated in the readme file.) Compare with this Arch guy http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=3ca8243c0626844f0264a3faad0aa72018bc14f4 Here for the first time support to audio (except mics) for mba1,2 (which is morally the same as 1,1) is patched into the kernel http://www.alsa-project.org/pipermail/alsa-devel/2010-February/025511.html The same jack supposedly works both for HP and ext MIC, I think it's called TRRS, and it's the same as the one used e.g. for iphones This guy might have done a similar job, though to a more recent version and for sound globally, not just mics: http://blogs.aerys.in/jeanmarc-leroux/2013/09/15/fixing-2013-macbook-air-ubuntu-sound-issue/ (this is mirror to http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/73044/microphones-not-working-on-apple-macbook-air-1-1-early-2008-under-linux )

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• HOSTS ignored when disconnected [closed]

  - by Synetech

  Problem I’m seeing a strange and extremely frustrating problem. Any system that is not connect to the Internet (Windows 7 shows the no Internet access icon because it cannot constantly ping Microsoft’s servers) cannot even access locally hosted servers. Hypothesis The problem appears to be that the HOSTS file is not being used to resolve DNS entries when there are no active NICs. Tests / Reproduction You can reproduce it as so: Disconnect a system from the Internet (make sure all wired and wireless connections are disconnected). If necessary, add an entry to the HOSTS file (e.g., 127.0.0.1 foobar or 127.0.0.1 foobar.com) Open a command-prompt Type ping foobar or ping foobar.com Observations The screenshots below show a clear and demonstrative example. In the first snap, a laptop is connected to a router wirelessly. The HOSTS file has only three entries and they resolve just fine. In the second snap, the wireless radio is turned off, so the entries in the HOSTS file are ignored. Moreover, notice that pinging localhost still works even without any active NICs (as does 127.0.0.1), but it is using the IPv6 address (must be hard-coded). You can see the same results in Windows XP with no IPv6 installed, so it has nothing to do with IPv6. I tried pining what should have resolved to 127.0.0.1 while the desktop system (with no wireless NICs) was connected via its Ethernet adapter, then again after pulling the cable from the router and waiting a couple of seconds, then again after plugging the cable back in. The same thing happens if instead of pulling out the cable, the NIC is disabled through software (the [Disable] button in the NIC’s Status dialog or via Device Manager). Conclusions It looks as though the HOSTS file is only being read and used if there is an active NIC, otherwise it is being ignored. This makes some sense in that if there are no active network adapters, then presumably there will not be any network activity, and thus no need to resolve host names via the HOSTS file. This assumption is specious however because it precludes locally hosted virtual servers. The HOSTS file should be used regardless of external DNS server connectivity, otherwise you cannot use simple/consistent/testing-production names for locally hosted servers when not connected to the Internet (for example web servers; help servers for Visual Studio, 3dsmax, etc.; and so on). Question Does anyone know how to force Windows to use the HOSTS file even if there are no active NICs? Appendix Figure 1: While the wireless NIC is connected to the router (the cable-modem is in standby, so no external Internet connectivity). Figure 2: With the wireless radio turned off (the Ethernet port is not unconnected in both cases). Figure 3: Same results in XP with no IPv6

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• Nginx / uWsgi / Django site can handle more traffic with rewrite URL

  - by Ludo

  Hi there. I'm running a Django app, using uWsgi behind Nginx. I've been doing some performance tuning and load testing using ApacheBench and have discovered something unexpected which I wonder if someone could explain for me. In my Nginx config I have a rewrite directive which catches lots of different URL permutations and then forwards them to the canonical URL I wish to use, eg, it traps www.mysite.com/whatever, www.mysite.co.uk/whatever and forwards them all to http://mysite.com/whatever. If I load test against any of the URLs listed with a redirect (ie, NOT the canonical URL which it is eventually forwarded to), it can serve 15000 concurrent connections without breaking a sweat. If I load test against the canonical URL, which the above test I would have expected got forwarded to anyway, it can't handle nearly as much. It will drop about 4000 of the 15000 requests, and can only handle about 9000 reliably. This is the command line I'm using to test: ab -c15000 -n15000 http://www.mysite.com/somepath/ and ab -c15000 -n15000 http://mysite.com/somepath/ I've tried several different types - it makes no different which order I do them in. This doesn't make sense to me - I can understand why the requests involving a redirect may not handle quite so many concurrent connections, but it's happening the other way round. Can anyone explain? I'd really prefer it if the canonical URL was the one which could handle more traffic. I'll post my Nginx config below. Thanks loads for any help! server { server_name www.somesite.com somesite.net www.somesite.net somesite.co.uk www.somesite.co.uk; rewrite ^(.*) http://somesite.com$1 permanent; } server { root /home/django/domains/somesite.com/live/somesite/; server_name somesite.com somesite-live.myserver.somesite.com; access_log /home/django/domains/somesite.com/live/log/nginx.log; location / { uwsgi_pass unix:////tmp/somesite-live.sock; include uwsgi_params; } location /media { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /site_media { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location = /favicon.ico { empty_gif; } }

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