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• How Do I Use WkHtmlToXSharp in C#

  - by Dizzy49

  I've read a lot about WkHtmlToXSharp (wrapper for wkhtmltopdf) so I downloaded it. The one page that appears to be the only documentation states you only need the wkhtmltosharp.dll, but I can't find it in the file I downloaded. It appears to be several projects, and the thing that looks like a DLL in the Libs/Win64 folder won't load into my project. I'd GREATLY appreciate it if someone could point me to some instructions, and maybe some basic samples. I need to know where the .DLL is, what namespace to use, and general usage syntax to convert a HTML file to PDF. THANK YOU!!

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• How to integrate KVC in MVC?

  - by Paperflyer

  So I have an MVC-application in Cocoa. There are some custom views, a controller and a model. Of course, the views need to know some stuff, so they get their data from the controller. However, they do not use accessors in the controller, they use KVC with a keypath that calls right through to the model: // In view.m time = [timeSource valueForKeyPath:@"theModel.currentTime"]; // timeSource is a pseudo-delegate of the view that holds the controller This simplifies things a great deal and technically, the views still don't know the model in person (that is, in pointer). But of course, they access it directly. Is that a usual (or at least sensible) usage of KVC and MVC? Or how would you implement this kind of communication?

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• R and version control for the solo data analyst

  - by Jeromy Anglim

  Many data analysts that I respect use version control. For example: http://github.com/hadley/ See comments on http://permut.wordpress.com/2010/04/21/revision-control-statistics-bleg/ However, I'm evaluating whether adopting a version control system such as git would be worthwhile. A brief overview: I'm a social scientist who uses R to analyse data for research publications. I don't currently produce R packages. My R code for a project typically includes a few thousand lines of code for data input, cleaning, manipulation, analyses, and output generation. Publications are typically written using LaTeX. With regards to version control there are many benefits which I have read about, yet they seem to be less relevant to the solo data analyst. Backup: I have a backup system already in place. Forking and rewinding: I've never felt the need to do this, but I can see how it could be useful (e.g., you are preparing multiple journal articles based on the same dataset; you are preparing a report that is updated monthly, etc) Collaboration: Most of the time I am analysing data myself, thus, I woudln't get the collaboration benefits of version control. There are also several potential costs involved with adopting version control: Time to evaluate and learn a version control system A possible increase in complexity over my current file management system However, I still have the feeling that I'm missing something. General guides on version control seem to be addressed more towards computer scientists than data analysts. Thus, specifically in relation to data analysts in circumstances similar to those listed above: Is version control worth the effort? What are the main pros and cons of adopting version control? What is a good strategy for getting started with version control for data analysis with R (e.g., examples, workflow ideas, software, links to guides)?

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• C# 4.0 RC, Silverlight 4.0 RC Covariance

  - by Ant

  Hi, I am trying to develop a Silverlight 4 application using C# 4.0. I have a case like this: public class Foo<T> : IEnumerable<T> { .... } Elsewhere: public class MyBaseType : MyInterface { ... } And the usage where I am having problems: Foo<MyBaseType> aBunchOfStuff = new Foo<MyBaseType>(); Foo<MyInterface> moreGeneralStuff = myListOFStuff; Now I believe this was impossible in C# 3.0 because generic type were "Invariant". However I thought this was possible in C# 4.0 through the new covariance for generics technology? As I understand it, in C# 4.0 a lot of common interfaces (like IEnumerable) have been modified to support variance. In this case does my Foo class need to anything special in order to become covariant? And is covariance supported in Silverlight 4 (RC) ?

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• What tools provide burndown charts to Bugzilla or Mylyn?

  - by Daniel Jomphe

  My team and I need to work on a project whose bugs are filed in Bugzilla, using Mylyn. Do you know of any tool or plug-in that provides scrum-inspired burndown charts to Bugzilla or Mylyn? Hopefully, this tool would be free for commercial usage, but we're not closed to commercial tools. Update: 4 hours of research allowed me to find very few free tools. Looks like bugzilla isn't popular in agile teams! And obviously, it's not the best fit.

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• BlackBerry Simulator & BIS Push Service

  - by Submerged

  I am hoping that someone knows if you can use RIMM's push service with BIS WITHOUT a hand held device. I have registered for the push evaluation and I want to program a push server that will send out notifications to BB clients. I got my email this morning containing: Server: Application: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Pwd: xxxXXXXX CPID (Content Provider ID):xxx Start Date (MM/DD/YYYY): X/X/XXXX Expiry Date (MM/DD/YYYY):X/X/XXXX First Name:XXXXXXX Last Name:XXXXX Email:[email protected] Account Type:Plus Source IP:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Usage:BIS AND Client: Application Credentials (for use in your client application): Application ID:XXX-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Push Port:xxxxx I am hoping someone can tell me where to get started - as an iPhone developer, I have to say, there is much more information. Lastly, if I DO need a device, does that device have to have a dataplan? I wanted to be able to serve my clients from WiFi as well, does the BB push system work only on Cell networks? Thank you

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• Making ehcache read-write for test code and read-only for production code

  - by Rick

  I would like to annotate many of my Hibernate entities that contain reference data and/or configuration data with @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_ONLY) However, my JUnit tests are setting up and tearing down some of this reference/configuration data using the Hibernate entities. Is there a recommended way of having entities be read-write during test setup and teardown but read-only for production code? Two of my immediate thoughts for non-ideal workarounds are: Using NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE, but I am not sure what the hidden downsides are. Creating subclassed entities in my test code to override the read-only cache annotation. Any recommendations on the cleanest way to handle this? (Note: Project uses maven.)

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• Symbolic Link in Tomcat 5 is not working after setting allowLinking="true"

  - by Jais

  I created a symbolic link to a .htm file. ln -sf /u105/app/ptelrep/reports/kfx/generated/KFX026_Wholesale_1.htm /u105/app/ptelrep/reports/kfx/generated/KFX026_Wholesale.htm The link works. I have the configuration file, reports.xml: /u355/app/ptelrep/tomcat50-jwsdp/conf/Catalina/localhost/reports.xml I have a JSP file which has link points to the symbolic link: onMouseOver="toggleDiv('div1',1)" onMouseOut="toggleDiv('div1',0)"Detail Usage I restarted the tomcat but the symlink is not working. When I change the symlink to a point to the original file, it works. Can anyone know what the problem is?

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• Is TDD broken in Python?

  - by Konstantin

  Hi! Assume we have a class UserService with attribute current_user. Suppose it is used in AppService class. We have AppService covered with tests. In test setup we stub out current_user with some mock value: UserService.current_user = 'TestUser' Assume we decide to rename current_user to active_user. We rename it in UserService but forget to make change to its usage in AppService. We run tests and they pass! Test setup adds attribute current_user which is still (wrongly but successfully) used in AppService. Now our tests are useless. They pass but application will fail in production. We can't rely on our test suite == TDD is not possible. Is TDD broken in Python?

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• Winform problem with autoscrolling of the ScrollableControl

  - by BobLim

  Hi guys, I have a problem with autoscrolling of the .NET ScrollableControl. I am using TabPage which inherited from ScrollableControl in the class hierarachy. Every TabPage object has only 1 UserControl derived control which draws the landscape; there is no other control on the tabpage. The usage of my application is its user will drag a file from windows explorer and drop into the TabPage. As more files are dragged and dropped, the UserControl derived control will expand to accomodate the drawing of the files and auto-scrolling will be enabled. The problem I have is when I mouse-click on the UserControl control, the vertical and horizontal scrollbars will scroll back to (0,0) position. I want the vertical and horizontal scrollbars to remain at their original scrolled position whatever happens. I believe when I mouse-click on the UserControl control, the UserControl control comes into focus and that triggers the auto-scrolling to (0,0) position. Please help. Thanks in advance!

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• how to use console use in Symfony2

  - by Elzo Valugi

  I found the console and run it like this: root@valugi-laptop:/var/www/sandbox/hello# php console Symfony version 2.0.0-DEV - hello Usage: Symfony [options] command [arguments] Options: --help -h Display this help message. --quiet -q Do not output any message. --verbose -v Increase verbosity of messages. --version -V Display this program version. --color -c Force ANSI color output. --no-interaction -n Do not ask any interactive question. --shell -s Launch the shell. Available commands: help Displays help for a command (?) list Lists commands assets :install bundle :pharize container :graphviz doctrine :generate-proxies init :application :bundle router :debug Displays current routes for an application :dump-apache But I cannot run any of those commands. I am trying like this: php console Symfony -h But I get [InvalidArgumentException] Command "Symfony" is not defined. Any suggestions?

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• jQuery - .Ready fires on div tag not in the page

  - by Anders Juul

  Dear all, I have implemented below function in a separate .js script file which I load in my main page (Asp.net mvc). The call back to server is rather costly but ok if specifically requested on the sub-page / content page on which my div tag needs to be filled. My problem is that the code runs on every page, including pages where the div tag is not present. How can I remedy my code? Any comments welcome, Thanks, Anders, Denmark jQuery("divStatWrapper").ready(function() { jQuery.getJSON("/Statistics/GetPointsDevelopment", function(json) { jQuery("#divStatWrapper #divStatLoading").fadeOut(1000); var jsonPoints = new Array(); jQuery.each(json.Points, function(i, item) { jsonPoints.push(item.PlayerPoints ); }); jsonPoints.reverse(); var api = new jGCharts.Api(); jQuery('<img>') .attr('src', api.make({ data : jsonPoints, type : "lc", size : "600x250" })) .appendTo("#divStatContents"); jQuery("#divStatWrapper #divStatContents").fadeIn(1000); }); });

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• DLL Config in Mono

  - by nubela

  Hi, I'm trying to pick up Svn.NET (http://www.pumacode.org/projects/svndotnet/) library for use in my Mono project. I tried compiling its mockapp - svnmockapp project (http://www.pumacode.org/projects/svndotnet/browser/trunk/SvnMockApp) , I am able to get the references right and get it compiled right. I understand that it references 2 other modules libapr (libapr-1.so.0) and svn_client (libsvn_client-1.so.0) , by which I've created PumaCode.SvnDotNet.dll.config in /bin/Debug . That is all I've done to tried to try to get the mockapp at least outputting something to show that it is indeed interfacing SVN. Nevertheless, it is not working. Commands that are entered that doesn't interface SVN works fine: $ mono SvnTest.exe -usage Usage: SvnTest <subcommand> [options] Short Options: ~?.V Subcommands: add, checkout[co], status[st], update[up] For help on subcommands, use the -?/--help subcommand option. Commands that tries to access SVN throws an exception: $ mono SvnTest.exe st An exception was thrown by the type initializer for PumaCode.SvnDotNet.AprSharp.Apr Unhandled Exception: System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. ---> System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object at PumaCode.SvnDotNet.SubversionSharp.SvnMockApp.CmdBase.Run (PumaCode.SvnDotNet.SubversionSharp.SvnMockApp.SubCommand sc, System.String[] args) [0x00000] at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (object,object[],System.Exception&) at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) [0x00000] --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) [0x00000] at System.Reflection.MethodBase.Invoke (System.Object obj, System.Object[] parameters) [0x00000] at PumaCode.SvnDotNet.SubversionSharp.SvnMockApp.Application.Run (System.String[] args) [0x00000] at PumaCode.SvnDotNet.SubversionSharp.SvnMockApp.Application.Main (System.String[] args) [0x00000] Using MONO_DEBUG_LEVEL="debug", we get the following log pasted here. At the tail end of the log, we see this: . . . Mono-INFO: DllImport attempting to load: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading location: 'libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library: 'libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading library: './libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library './libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library 'libapr-1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport attempting to load: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading location: 'libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library: 'libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading library: './libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library './libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library 'libapr-1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport attempting to load: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading location: 'libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library: 'libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading library: './libapr-1.so'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library './libapr-1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. Mono-INFO: DllImport loading: 'libapr-1'. Mono-INFO: DllImport error loading library 'libapr-1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'. An exception was thrown by the type initializer for PumaCode.SvnDotNet.AprSharp.Apr I've tried to symlink the appropriate modules in the directory where SvnTest.exe exists, but this still persist. How can I fix this? Did I place the PumaCode.SvnDotNet.dll.config in the wrong folder? (I placed it at /bin/Debug and also tried /bin) What can I do to remedy this? Thank you for your kind help! Much appreciated! Heres the config file: (PumaCode.SvnDotNet.dll.config) <configuration> <dllmap dll="libapr" target="/usr/lib/libapr-1.so.0"/> <dllmap dll="svn_client-1" target="/usr/lib/libsvn_client-1.so.0"/> </configuration>

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• Monitoring disk performance with MRTG

  - by Ghostrider

  I use MRTG to monitor vital stats on my servers like disk space, CPU load, memory usage, temperatures etc. It all works fine and well for parameters that don't change rapidly. By running small VB script I can also get any Performance Counter. However these scripts are called by MRTG every 5 minutes while performance counters like physical disk idle time return a snapshot value from previous few seconds so a lot or data is missed. Surely I could write a service that would poll all required counters in background and store average values somewhere on disk where MRTG would pick them up. However before I do so I would like to find out if there is some ready solution that would allow me to get average value of some counter for the last 5 minutes as opposed to immediate snapshot.

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• List<T>.SelectMany(), Linq and lambda help

  - by jim

  Hi there I have a class. public class MedicalRequest { private int id private IList<MedicalDays> Days private string MedicalUser ... } and another public class MedicalDays { private int id; private DateTime? day private MedicalRequest request ... } I'm using nhibernate to return a list of all the MedicalDays within a time span. I'd like to do something like this to the resulting list //nhibernate query IList<MedicalDays> days = daysDao.FindAll(searchCritCollection); //select a list of days from resulting list IEnumerable<MedicalDays> queriedList = days.SelectMany(i => i.MedicalRequest.MedicalUser == employee); Linq tells me that the type cannot be inferred by the usage. I'd like to know what I'm doing wrong, and if there is a preferred way of doing something like this. Thanks for your time.

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• How to use JTA support in Tomcat 6 for Hibernate ?

  - by EugeneP

  They recommend using JTA transaction support in JEE environment. But how to configure JTA in Tomcat6 so that Hibernate Session could use it ? Starting with version 3.0.1, Hibernate added the SessionFactory.getCurrentSession() method. Initially, this assumed usage of JTA transactions, where the JTA transaction defined both the scope and context of a current session. Given the maturity of the numerous stand-alone JTA TransactionManager implementations, most, if not all, applications should be using JTA transaction management, whether or not they are deployed into a J2EE container. Based on that, the JTA-based contextual sessions are all you need to use.

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• Why is IoC / DI not common in Python?

  - by tux21b

  In Java IoC / DI is a very common practice which is extensively used in web applications, nearly all available frameworks and Java EE. On the other hand, there are also lots of big Python web applications, but beside of Zope (which I've heard should be really horrible to code) IoC doesn't seem to be very common in the Python world. (Please name some examples if you think that I'm wrong). There are of course several clones of popular Java IoC frameworks available for Python, springpython for example. But none of them seems to get used practically. At least, I've never stumpled upon a Django or sqlalchemy+<insert your favorite wsgi toolkit here> based web application which uses something like that. In my opinion IoC has reasonable advantages and would make it easy to replace the django-default-user-model for example, but extensive usage of interface classes and IoC in Python looks a bit odd and not »pythonic«. But maybe someone has a better explanation, why IoC isn't widely used in Python.

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• Freeware Programmer Calculator

  - by AdamC

  There have been lots of times in the past where a good programmer-oriented calculator would've saved me a lot of time. Lately, I've been doing quite a lot of bit manipulation, and having to do build/run to debug my calculations feels really slow. I've looked for something like this in the past, but found nothing that worked very well. The only thing that comes close is this one from AnalogX, but I can't get it to work or really do anything on my vista box which is where I'm doing most of my work at the moment. (btw - please send comments about my vista usage here;). Anyway, I'm looking for something for simple calculations using a C-like syntax with support for proper precenedce, operators, etc. Bonus points for cross-platform. The python interpreter was a great idea and is totally cross-platform. For windows only SpeQ is amazing. Thanks for the suggestions.

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• Quick, beginner MASM register question - DX:AX

  - by Francisco P.

  Hello, I am currently studying for an exam I'll have on x86 assembly. I didn't have much luck googling for ":", too common of a punctuation mark :/ IDIV - Signed Integer Division Usage: IDIV src Modifies flags: (AF,CF,OF,PF,SF,ZF undefined) Signed binary division of accumulator by source. If source is a byte value, AX is divided by "src" and the quotient is stored in AL and the remainder in AH. If source is a word value, DX:AX is divided by "src", and the quotient is stored in AL and the remainder in DX. Taken from "Intel Opcodes and Mnemonics" What does DX:AX mean? Thanks a lot for your time :)

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• SQLite3-ruby extremely slow under 1.9.1?

  - by NilObject

  I decided to upgrade my server to Ruby 1.9.1, and a lot of things are indeed much faster. However, I have a process that dumps a database to sqlite, and it's become glacially slow. What used to take 30 seconds now takes upwards of 10 minutes. The code does several create table statements, and then lots of inserts. The insert statements nearly all use placeholders (?), so SQLite is doing the heavy lifting of binding the parameters. In short, I can't see why this particular usage has slowed down so much. Does anyone know of any problems that have caused it? I'm using sqlite3-ruby (1.2.5), and I'm hoping that someone has encountered this and profiled it. If not, I guess I'm going to learn how to profile ruby code :)

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• Excel export displaying '#####...'

  - by Cypher

  I'm trying to export an Excel database into .txt (Tab Delimited), but some of my cells are quite large. When I export into a txt some of the cells are exported as '#######....' which is surprisingly useless. Has this happened to anyone else? Do you know an easy fix? Data from one cell of my column: Accounting, African Studies, Agricultural/Bioresource Engineering, Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Science, Anatomy/Cell Biology, Animal Biology, Animal Science, Anthropology, Applied Zoology, Architecture, Art History, Atmospheric/Oceanic Science, Biochemistry, Biology, Botanical Sciences, Canadian Studies, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry/Bio-Organic/Environmental/Materials,ChurchMusicPerformance, Civil Engineering/Applied Mechanics, Classics, Composition, Computer Engineering,ComputerScience, ContemporaryGerman Studies, Dietetics, Early Music Performance, Earth/Planetary Sciences, East Asian Studies, Economics, Electrical Engineering, English Literature/ Drama/Theatre/Cultural Studies, Entrepreneurship, Environment, Environmental Biology, Finance, Food Science, Foundations of Computing, French Language/Linguistics/Literature/Translation, Geography, Geography/ Urban Systems, German, German Language/Literature/Culture, Hispanic Languages/Literature/Culture,History,Humanistic Studies, Industrial Relations, Information Systems, International Business, International Development Studies, Italian Studies/Medieval/Renaissance, Jazz Performance, Jewish Studies, Keyboard Studies, Kindergarten/Elementary Education, Kindergarten/Elementary Education/Jewish Studies,Kinesiology, Labor/Management Relations, Latin American/Caribbean Studies, Linguistics, Literature/Translation, Management Science, Marketing, Materials Engineering,Mathematics,Mathematics/Statistics,Mechanical Engineering, Microbiology, Microbiology/Immunology, Middle Eastern Studies, Mining Engineering, Music, Music Education, MusicHistory,Music Technology,Music Theory,North American Studies, Nutrition,OperationsManagement,OrganizationalBehavior/Human Resources Management, Performing Arts, Philosophy, Physical Education, Physics, Physiology, Plant Sciences, Political Science, Psychology, Quebec Studies, Religious Studies/Scriptures/Interpretations/World Religions,ResourceConservation,Russian, Science for Teachers,Secondary Education, Secondary Education/Music, Secondary Education/Science, SocialWork, Sociology, Software Engineering, Soil Science, Strategic Management, Teaching of French/English as a Second Language, Theology, Wildlife Biology, Wildlife Resources, Women’s Studies.

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• C# Speech Recognition

  - by fonix232

  I am making a Smart House Control System right now, and I have a little problem. I was thinking on using Cosmos for a base system, and adding the needed namespace libraries to it, but as the usual System.Speech.Recognition namespace depends too much on Windows Speech API, I have to forget about using it. So my question is, is there any (free if possible) voice recognition and/or speech speech synthesizer library for C#, what has the following: support for multi-language speaking extracting text content from speech sample synthesizing speech with selectable (or user-written) speech pattern (voice) A general usage, non-windows dependent library would be the best, and of course, if it was free too.

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• Resizing JPEG image during decoding

  - by Thomas

  I'm working on a program that creates thumbnails of JPEG images on the fly. Now I was thinking: since a JPEG image is built from 8x8-pixel blocks (Wikipedia has a great explanation), would it be possible to skip part of the decoding? Let's say that my thumbnails are at least 8 times smaller than the original image. We could then map each 8x8 block in the input file to 1 pixel in the decoding output, by including only the constant term of the discrete cosine transform. Most of the image data can be discarded right away, and need not be processed. Moreover, the memory usage is reduced by a factor of 64. I don't want to implement this from scratch; that'll easily take a week. Is there any code out there that can do this? If not, is this because this approach isn't worthwhile, or simply because nobody has thought of it yet?

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• Eclipse uses 100 % CPU randomly

  - by Florian Gutmann

  Hi everyone! My eclipse sometimes starts using 100 % of my CPU very spontaneously. I can't figure out why it needs that much CPU usage. There is no background task like "building workspace" running. After some time the CPU load drops to 0 and everything is normal. I can't find any information related to the problem in workspace/.metadata/.log file. Has anybody some tip how i can figure out which part of eclipse is using the CPU so heavily? Is there a way to get a thread dump of eclipse? The kill -3 on the eclipse process doesn't do anything. Eclipse Version: Galileo JavaEE Operating System: Linux 2.6.31 Thanks in advance! Florian

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• creating a 3d plane using Frank Luna's technique

  - by numerical25

  I am creating a 3d plane that lays on the x and z axis. and has hills that extend on the y axis. bulk of the code looks like this float PeaksAndValleys::getHeight(float x, float z)const { return 0.3f*( z*sinf(0.1f*x) + x*cosf(0.1f*z) ); } void PeaksAndValleys::init(ID3D10Device* device, DWORD m, DWORD n, float dx) { md3dDevice = device; mNumRows = m; mNumCols = n; mNumVertices = m*n; mNumFaces = (m-1)*(n-1)*2; // Create the geometry and fill the vertex buffer. std::vector<Vertex> vertices(mNumVertices); float halfWidth = (n-1)*dx*0.5f; float halfDepth = (m-1)*dx*0.5f; for(DWORD i = 0; i < m; ++i) { float z = halfDepth - i*dx; for(DWORD j = 0; j < n; ++j) { float x = -halfWidth + j*dx; // Graph of this function looks like a mountain range. float y = getHeight(x,z); vertices[i*n+j].pos = D3DXVECTOR3(x, y, z); // Color the vertex based on its height. if( y < -10.0f ) vertices[i*n+j].color = BEACH_SAND; else if( y < 5.0f ) vertices[i*n+j].color = LIGHT_YELLOW_GREEN; else if( y < 12.0f ) vertices[i*n+j].color = DARK_YELLOW_GREEN; else if( y < 20.0f ) vertices[i*n+j].color = DARKBROWN; else vertices[i*n+j].color = WHITE; } } D3D10_BUFFER_DESC vbd; vbd.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_IMMUTABLE; vbd.ByteWidth = sizeof(Vertex) * mNumVertices; vbd.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; vbd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; vbd.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vinitData; vinitData.pSysMem = &vertices[0]; HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&vbd, &vinitData, &mVB)); // Create the index buffer. The index buffer is fixed, so we only // need to create and set once. std::vector<DWORD> indices(mNumFaces*3); // 3 indices per face // Iterate over each quad and compute indices. int k = 0; for(DWORD i = 0; i < m-1; ++i) { for(DWORD j = 0; j < n-1; ++j) { indices[k] = i*n+j; indices[k+1] = i*n+j+1; indices[k+2] = (i+1)*n+j; indices[k+3] = (i+1)*n+j; indices[k+4] = i*n+j+1; indices[k+5] = (i+1)*n+j+1; k += 6; // next quad } } D3D10_BUFFER_DESC ibd; ibd.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_IMMUTABLE; ibd.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * mNumFaces*3; ibd.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; ibd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; ibd.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA iinitData; iinitData.pSysMem = &indices[0]; HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&ibd, &iinitData, &mIB)); } My question pretains to the cosf and sinf. I am formiluar with trigonometry and I understand sin, cosine, and tangent. but I am not formiluar with cosf and sinf and what they do. From looking at this example. they have alot to do with finding a y value.

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