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  • Add a small RAID card? Will it help overall stability and performance of my nine hard drives?

    - by Ray
    Hi, Will I get any extra genuine added performance and RAID stability if I insert a basic RAID card into a PCI-E x1 slot? I am considering the Adaptec 1220SA - 2 port SATA , pci-express (1x) , raid 0/1. Ok it only supports two SATA drives. Purpose is to help support the eight internal hard drives (1TB each), a DVD drive and an external e-SATA connected 2TB hard drive - by dealing with two of the internal hard drives. My current configuration of eight internal 1TB Barracuda (7200.12) SATA hard drives, one external 2TB SATA Western Digital Green Drive (e-SATA) and one DVD drive can already be supported by the Intel P55 & JMicron controllers on the ASUS motherboard : the Intel P55 (controls six HDD; configured as three x RAID 1), and the JMicron (controls two HDD as one RAID 1, as well as the DVD drive and the external SATA drive via the motherboard's e-SATA port (controlled by the JMicron)). Bigger picture details : I have an ASUS motherboard designed for the LGA1156 type processor and it includes the Intel P55 Express Chipset and JMicron. I am using the Intel Core i7-870 processor, and have 8GB DDR3 (1333) memory (four x 2GB Corsair DIMMs). Enough overall power. The power supply is more than sufficicient for the system. Corsair AX850. The system will never need the full 850 watts (future : second graphics card). The RAID card would provide hardware RAID 1 for two of the eight intrnal drives. It would either reduce the load on : the Intel P55 firmware RAID support, or replace the JMicron controller's RAID 1 set. I am busy installing the above configuration using Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit as the OS. The RAID card is a last minute addition to the plan. Is it worth spending the extra R700 - R900 on the Adaptec 1220SA, or equivalent RAID card? I cannot afford to spend yet another R2000 - R3000 on a RAID card that would support many SATA2 hard drives, with a better RAID, example the RAID 5. My Issue & assumption : I am trusting that the Intel P55 chipset can properly handle six drives, configured as three * RAID 1. I am assuming that the JMicron can handle, using its RED SATA ports, one RAID-1 (two HDDs). The DVD drive connects to the JMicron optical SATA port 1 (white port 1). White port 2 is not used. The e-SATA connection is from the JMicron straight to, and through the motherboard - to an on-board (rear panel) e-SATA port. Am I being a little hopeful in only using the on-board Intel P55 and the JMicron? Is it a waste of money to install a RAID card that handles two SATA2 drives? OR Is it wisdom to take the pressure a little off the Intel P55? Obviously I am interested in data security, hence RAID 1, not RAID Zero. RAID 5 would be nice. The CPU, Intel Core i7-870 will provide the clout. Context to nine drives : I am using virtualisation with Windows 7 Ultimate. Bootable VMs. The operating system gets a mirror. Loaded apps gets a mirror. The current design data is kept in another mirror and Another mirror is back-up one and / or VM territory. Then the external 2TB drive (via e-SATA) is the next layer of data security and then finally, I use off-site data security. Thanks.

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  • Setup access to SAS RAID drives with NTFS partitions on CentOS Machine

    - by Quanano
    We have a Dell Poweredge 2900 system with Adaptec 39320A SCSI CONTROLLER CARD and 4 SAS hard drives attached, with NTFS partitions on them. We installed CentOS on the other raid array with a different controller and it is working fine. We are now trying to access the drives shown above and they are not being shown in /dev as sdb, etc. sda is the drive that we installed centos on and it has sda1, sda2, sda3, etc. The CDROM has been picked up as well. If I scan for scsi devices then the perc and adaptec controllers are both found. sg0 is the CDROM and sg2 is the centos installed, however I think sg1 is the other drive but I cannot see anyway to mount the partitions, as only the drive is listed in /dev. Thanks. EXTRA INFO fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 72.7 GB, 72746008576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8844 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x11e3119f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 8845 70528000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: 34.4 GB, 34431041536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4186 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: 21.1 GB, 21139292160 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2570 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: 16.6 GB, 16647192576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2023 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home doesn't contain a valid partition table These are all from the install hdd not the additional hard drives modprobe a320raid FATAL: Module a320raid not found. lsscsi -v [0:0:0:0] cd/dvd TSSTcorp CDRWDVD TS-H492C DE02 /dev/sr0 dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0] [4:0:10:0] enclosu DP BACKPLANE 1.05 - dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:0:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:0:10/4:0:10:0] [4:2:0:0] disk DELL PERC 5/i 1.03 /dev/sda dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:2:0/4:2:0:0] . lsmod Module Size Used by fuse 66285 0 des_generic 16604 0 ecb 2209 0 md4 3461 0 nls_utf8 1455 0 cifs 278370 0 autofs4 26888 4 ipt_REJECT 2383 0 ip6t_REJECT 4628 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6 8748 2 nf_defrag_ipv6 12182 1 nf_conntrack_ipv6 xt_state 1492 2 nf_conntrack 79453 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state ip6table_filter 2889 1 ip6_tables 19458 1 ip6table_filter ipv6 322029 31 ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6 bnx2 79618 0 ses 6859 0 enclosure 8395 1 ses dcdbas 9219 0 serio_raw 4818 0 sg 30124 0 iTCO_wdt 13662 0 iTCO_vendor_support 3088 1 iTCO_wdt i5000_edac 8867 0 edac_core 46773 3 i5000_edac i5k_amb 5105 0 shpchp 33482 0 ext4 364410 3 mbcache 8144 1 ext4 jbd2 88738 1 ext4 sd_mod 39488 3 crc_t10dif 1541 1 sd_mod sr_mod 16228 0 cdrom 39771 1 sr_mod megaraid_sas 77090 2 aic79xx 129492 0 scsi_transport_spi 26151 1 aic79xx pata_acpi 3701 0 ata_generic 3837 0 ata_piix 22846 0 radeon 1023359 1 ttm 70328 1 radeon drm_kms_helper 33236 1 radeon drm 230675 3 radeon,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 5762 1 radeon i2c_core 31276 4 radeon,drm_kms_helper,drm,i2c_algo_bit dm_mirror 14101 0 dm_region_hash 12170 1 dm_mirror dm_log 10122 2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash dm_mod 81500 11 dm_mirror,dm_log

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  • SCSI direct-access device appears as multiple lun's

    - by unixdj
    I have a similarly described problem to this question: http://superuser.com/questions/90181/same-scsi-drive-appears-multiple-times-on-the-controller-list where a SCSI direct-access device appears as multiple lun's, when it should only be one. The device is a SCSI-1 device, the SCSI controller card is an Adaptec AHA-7850 (rev 03), and system is PC / Linux 2.6. This device worked fine with RHEL4, and appeared as a single device / lun when the OS booted, but I've just tried plugging the device into a newer Linux disto (CentOS 5.4) and it now sees the device as 8 luns; with consequently 8 device files /dev/sgb to /dev/sgi. Any clues of how to figure out where the problem / fix is, would be great.

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  • Snap Server 18000 connection help!

    - by sicko666
    I wonder if anyone here can help me. I have a home server setup made up of old secondhand computers, 2 servers running Windows Server 2003, 1 workstation running Windows 7, a 16 port switch & an adsl ethernet modem. All these connect and talk to each other fine but then I got a "Snap Server 18000" and a "Snap disk 30sa" sata array. When I turn the Snap on, it boots past the BIOS, runs a kernel, then displays: This device cannot be managed via the video/kbd/mouse interface. The video is now disabled. You may access the management functions from your web browser. Only, none of the other PCs detect it, so no browser can find it! I have checked all cables, and all LEDs indicate there's a connection. I have installed the windows "iscsi" and the adaptec "Snap Server Manager" on all PCs but still it's not detected. I don't know what else to do, please advise!

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  • ESXi 4 failed to find boot device

    - by phil
    I had exsi 3.5 running just fine, the upgrade to 4 failed ( i thought it would so everything is backed up ). but it did boot just could not import the data store So i did a fresh install of ESXi 4. Now it says failed to find boot device. Not sure why. i have wiped the disk, the controller is a adaptec 3405, it worked fine in 3.5 and when i upgrade to 4 it did boot. Now it just hangs at loading vfat. then the failed to find boot device. Any ideas?

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  • Building optimal custom machine for Sql Server

    - by Chad Grant
    Getting the hardware in the mail any day. Hardware related to my question: x10 15.5k RPM SAS Segate Cheetah's x2 Adaptec 5405 PCIe Raid cards Motherboard has integrated SAS raid. Was thinking I would build 2 RAID 10 arrays one for data and one for logs The remaining 2 drives a RAID 0 for TempDB Will probably throw in a drive for OS. Does putting the Sql Server application / exe's on a raid make a difference and is there any impact of leaving the OS on a relatively slow disk compared to the raid arrays? I have 5/6 DBs combined < 50 gigs. With a relatively good / constant load. Estimating 60-7% reads vs writes. Planning on using log shipping as well if that matters. Any advice or suggestions?

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  • SCSI driver installation trouble

    - by Vicky
    I tried to install the driver of Adaptec 39320A-Ultra 320 SCSI card in Win2003 Server R2 SP2 in a DELL PowerEdge 2950 Server. I selected the driver from the list of drivers present in windows. But it says that the device could not be started(Code 10). I tried to put the card in a system that already had the driver installed. It worked fine. So there is no problem with the hardware. I even tried downloading the driver from the manufacturer website. When I try to select install from path and install that driver, it tell no matching driver found. When I install the default driver from windows, it shows the card in SCSI group of device manager, but with an ! symbol. Also the device ID in driver details was different from that of the one present in other system where it insalled fine. Any suggessions to solve it?

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  • RAID1: Migrate HDD to SSD?

    - by OMG Ponies
    My current workstation uses an Adaptec 5805, with Win2008 mirrored between two 72 GB (10K?) savvio drives. My question is if there's a way to migrate the mirror to use SSDs - I've been looking at 90GB Corsair Force (Sandy Bridge) to replace the existing setup. If it's possible, without installing the OS fresh. If I replaced the mirrored drive with an SSD, would the array sync the drives? Then I could promote the SSD mirror to be the primary, and use the second SSD as the mirror. That'd be too easy... Or should use Ghost to get an image of the existing setup, apply it to the SSD for a new mirror to be setup on?

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  • RAID1: Migrate HHD to SSD?

    - by OMG Ponies
    My current workstation uses an Adaptec 5805, with Win2008 mirrored between two 72 GB (10K?) savvio drives. My question is if there's a way to migrate the mirror to use SSDs - I've been looking at 90GB Corsair Force (Sandy Bridge) to replace the existing setup. If it's possible, without installing the OS fresh. If I replaced the mirrored drive with an SSD, would the array sync the drives? Then I could promote the SSD mirror to be the primary, and use the second SSD as the mirror. That'd be too easy... Or should use Ghost to get an image of the existing setup, apply it to the SSD for a new mirror to be setup on?

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  • ESXi 4 failed to find boot device

    - by phil
    I had exsi 3.5 running just fine, the upgrade to 4 failed ( i thought it would so everything is backed up ). but it did boot just could not import the data store So i did a fresh install of ESXi 4. Now it says failed to find boot device. Not sure why. i have wiped the disk, the controller is a adaptec 3405, it worked fine in 3.5 and when i upgrade to 4 it did boot. Now it just hangs at loading vfat. then the failed to find boot device. Any ideas?

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  • Disk controller speed responsible for slow write speeds?

    - by vizvayu
    I have question. I'm using ESXi 4.0U1 in an IBM x3200M2 with an integrated LSI 1064e RAID controller, without any kind of cache. I have 3 250GB HOT-SWAP SATA HDs configured in RAID1E (IME). ESXi works fine, read speed are quite OK, but write speeds are incredible slow, never more than 8MB/s, and this is the best case scenario, benchmarking with iozone streaming writes, using a VMWare Paravirtual controller and with only this VM active, no swapping of any kind (total vm memory reserved). Already wrote to IBM but I don't have any kind of pay support so they didn't even answered, so I'm just wondering... anybody has any experience with a similar setup? I just want to be sure this is hardware related and can't be fixed with some kind of config option, because I'm thinking on buying a new RAID controller (Adaptec 2405 looks nice). Thanks again!

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  • HDDs randomly falling off raid

    - by michael
    I really need help on this it's Saturday long weekend.No customer service help:( .I recently build new server/light duty desktop.Main purpose is only file sharing.Raid configuration :Adaptec 6805 ,8x 3TB HDD WD Red,Intel RES2SV240 expander,Raid 6,set in Intel mobo DZ 77GA-70K.I upgraded firmwares, but I'm having strange problem. During Build Verify segment 7 got missing.I just reinsert drive into hot swap bay and it started to rebuild Array.After rebuild was done another segments 0 and 5 gone missing while build/verify.I reinserted drives and now I'm praying that raid is going to rebuild successfully from remaining 6 drives,because i already transfer some data on it(I know it was bad idea).I checked S.M.A.R.T on missing drives , it only says link failure and aborted commands on one of them.No Errors on HDDs.Connections and cables are good.I added 2 fans blowing on RAID controller because it was getting too hot, so I guess overheating shouldn't be issue.What can be possibly wrong? Thank you for help.

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  • RHEL 5 SCSI ADPATEC

    - by Rajiv Sharma
    HI I have RHEL 5 box . and adpatec scsi card connected to it . I can see the adaptor under dsmeg | grep -i scsi dmesg | grep -i scsi SCSI subsystem initialized scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 00 scsi 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 5 sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 0x/0x caddy sr 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 scsi1 : Adaptec AIC79XX PCI-X SCSI HBA DRIVER, Rev 3.0 aic7901: Ultra320 Wide Channel A, SCSI Id=7, PCI-X 101-133Mhz, 512 SCBs Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-871. iscsi: registered transport (iser) iscsi: registered transport (cxgb3i) Broadcom NetXtreme II iSCSI Driver bnx2i v2.1.0 (Dec 06, 2009) iscsi: registered transport (bnx2i) scsi2 : Broadcom Offload iSCSI Initiator scsi3 : Broadcom Offload iSCSI Initiator iscsi: registered transport (tcp) iscsi: registered transport (be2iscsi) bnx2i: iSCSI not supported, dev=eth0 bnx2i: iSCSI not supported, dev=eth0 bnx2i: iSCSI not supported, dev=eth1 bnx2i: iSCSI not supported, dev=eth1 but cann't see under cat /proc/scsi/scsi cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: KVM Model: vmDisk-CD Rev: 0.01 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 02 all st and sg modules are enable. Anyone please help me thanks advance Rajiv

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  • SCSI Windows Setup on Dell Precision 670 Workstation...please help.

    - by sweetcoder
    Error Windows Setup: "setup did not find any hard disk drives installed in your computer" This is not exactly a programming question but I thought you guys might be able to help. I just received a Dell Precision 670 workstation. Windows is not recognizing the hard drive and I have experienced this before with other computers. I usually would just go in the bios and set the configuration to compatibility mode. I have no idea how to do this on this machine. There is this Adaptec SCSI HostRaid BIOS v4.30.4S5 screen on startup. It says to press CTRL A for SCSI select utility. It shows a Maxtor ATLAS10K5_73WLS for the drive. I was wondering if anyone out there knew how to configure this thing so that windows setup will recognize the hard drive? Any advice is very much appreciated and if you have to know further information please let me know. Raid was turned off in the BIOS for this device. TY

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  • Recommended motherboard with hardware raid for Linux

    - by luison
    Hi. We want to setup an internal office server for testing jobs (LAMP), email and samba. Only about 5-10 users. We are also considering starting to virtualize, initially by a base Ubuntu Server with Xen or VMWare Open Source server. Our current system runs with a Linux Raid which has worked great but it's always been complicated to recover the boot sector when one the drives fail and therefore I would prefer using now a hardware raid instead, but ideally with some kind of software monitoring. For this reason and considering we don't want to spend a fortune a I would appreciate any comments on the following options. Motherboard with RAID with linux support... which could you recommend. Motherboard + Hardware Raid card... Adaptec does not seem to have great Linux suppport. 3Ware seems to have a tc soft controller which we've used on a hosting company, but hard to find here in Spain. HP Proliant type basic server, which? Dell Small Servers... any good for Linux? Thanks in advance for any feedback.

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  • Dell 2970 - HP 1/8 G2 autoloader keeps falling off LSI 2032 SCSI chain

    - by middaparka
    I've a somewhat irritating problem with a Dell 2970 that has a HP 1/8 G2 autoloader (the Ultrium LTO 2 model) attached to the Dell/LSI 2032 non-RAID SCSI card. In essence, sometimes the autoloader/drive completely fails to appear on the SCSI chain (i.e.: there's neither a media changer or tape drive present within the device manager) and sometimes it appears but then subsequently disappears at a seemingly random (yet always inconvenient) time, resulting in backup failures. On most occasions, there are simply no errors logged in the system event log, but I did manage to capture a series of LSI_SCSI event ID 11 ("The driver detected a controller error on \Device\RaidPort0") errors followed by an event ID 129, ("Reset to device, \Device\RaidPort0, was issued") error during testing. I've tried two different cables, both with the same effect – sometimes the autoloader appears (for a while), sometimes it's completely absent. There's only one terminator I've tried to use, but as I've since successfully tested the autoloader on multiple occasions (albeit via a Adaptec U160 card on a different machine), my gut feel is that the issue doesn't lie with the terminator, or indeed the autoloader itself. As such, I'm just wondering if anyone has any ideas? It's most likely not relevant, but this is all under Windows SBS 2008, running Backup Exec 12.5 SBS edition (the Dell version), both fully patched. Addidtionally, the autoloader is running the latest firmware. It's been a while since I've dealt with anything SCSI, so all suggestions will be gratefully, gratefully received.

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  • Can enabling a RAID controller's writeback cache harm overall performance?

    - by Nathan O'Sullivan
    I have an 8 drive RAID 10 setup connected to an Adaptec 5805Z, running Centos 5.5 and deadline scheduler. A basic dd read test shows 400mb/sec, and a basic dd write test shows about the same. When I run the two simultaneously, I see the read speed drop to ~5mb/sec while the write speed stays at more or less the same 400mb/sec. The output of iostat -x as you would expect, shows that very few read transactions are being executed while the disk is bombarded with writes. If i turn the controller's writeback cache off, I dont see a 50:50 split but I do see a marked improvement, somewhere around 100mb/s reads and 300mb/s writes. I've also found if I lower the nr_requests setting on the drive's queue (somewhere around 8 seems optimal) I can end up with 150mb/sec reads and 150mb/sec writes; ie. a reduction in total throughput but certainly more suitable for my workload. Is this a real phenomenon? Or is my synthetic test too simplistic? The reason this could happen seems clear enough, when the scheduler switches from reads to writes, it can run heaps of write requests because they all just land in the controllers cache but must be carried out at some point. I would guess the actual disk writes are occuring when the scheduler starts trying to perform reads again, resulting in very few read requests being executed. This seems a reasonable explanation, but it also seems like a massive drawback to using writeback cache on an system with non-trivial write loads. I've been searching for discussions around this all afternoon and found nothing. What am I missing?

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  • NTBackup (on WS2k3) fails to backup remote server (WS2k8R2) with " Error: is not a valid drive, or you do not have access."

    - by Mark A
    We run an NTBackup job on a Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2 with all updates (as of Q4-2011). It works well backing up two WS2k3 servers as well as the backup server itself. However, we have been unable to successfully back up our Windows Server 2008 R2 machine ("G5-01"). It often runs for about 2GB worth of backup and then dies out with one of the below error messages. It should be more like 20GB for the full server. We have tried using the admin share (C$), an explicitly shared drive share, UNC and mapped drives. The result is the same each time, the only thing that varies is the amount of stuff backed up before it chokes. We've also run NTBbackup from the UI interface, from the command line and as a scheduled task. We are backing up to 400/800GB tapes and they have plenty of space available on them (blank media). Error: \\G5-01\c is not a valid drive, or you do not have access. Error: \\G5-01\c$ is not a valid drive, or you do not have access. Error: Y: is not a valid drive, or you do not have access. Error: Could not access or create backup catalog files. Verify that you have full access to the working folder and there is disk space available. The job is run as Administrator and we have no problems logging onto the server and transferring files. The Event Log on the WS2k8 is not much help, as it has success audits for each login. All of the hardware involved (HP DL360 G3, HP LTO Ultrium 3, Adaptec 39320A) has the latest supported drivers. We've seemingly tried a bunch of different options but are wondering where to look next to resolve the backup issue. We've been super happy with our reliable schedule task for years but this one is stumping us!

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  • How to use Hardware RAID in Ubuntu Server

    - by user2071938
    I have an Adaptec RAID-Controller and created an RAID-1(Mirroring) succesfully. Now I have installed Ubuntu Server 12.04.3. When I type fdisk -l I get this output: bf@fileserver:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdc: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004c454 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 501758 156301311 77899777 5 Extended /dev/sdc5 501760 156301311 77899776 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-root: 75.6 GB, 75606523904 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9191 cylinders, total 147668992 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ddf1_Data: 1000.1 GB, 1000065728512 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121584 cylinders, total 1953253376 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ddf1_Data doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-swap_1: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders, total 8126464 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table The 80 GB HDD is for the System The 1000.2 GB HDD should be for my data. But I'm a bit confused becauser there are listed two 1000.2 GB HDDs, due the Hardware RAID shoudln't there be only one HDD vissible to the OS? (I have two 1000.2 GB HDDs in an Raid-1 Array) dmraid gives me bf@fileserver:~$ sudo dmraid -r /dev/sdb: ddf1, ".ddf1_disks", GROUP, ok, 1953253376 sectors, data@ 0 /dev/sda: ddf1, ".ddf1_disks", GROUP, ok, 1953253376 sectors, data@ 0 so It seems to be ok? But how do I partitionate this disks and which one should I mount(sdb or sda?) Hope you can help me thx Florian

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  • Linux RAID-0 performance doesn't scale up over 1 GB/s

    - by wazoox
    I have trouble getting the max throughput out of my setup. The hardware is as follow : dual Quad-Core AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 2376 16 GB DDR2 ECC RAM dual Adaptec 52245 RAID controllers 48 1 TB SATA drives set up as 2 RAID-6 arrays (256KB stripe) + spares. Software : Plain vanilla 2.6.32.25 kernel, compiled for AMD-64, optimized for NUMA; Debian Lenny userland. benchmarks run : disktest, bonnie++, dd, etc. All give the same results. No discrepancy here. io scheduler used : noop. Yeah, no trick here. Up until now I basically assumed that striping (RAID 0) several physical devices should augment performance roughly linearly. However this is not the case here : each RAID array achieves about 780 MB/s write, sustained, and 1 GB/s read, sustained. writing to both RAID arrays simultaneously with two different processes gives 750 + 750 MB/s, and reading from both gives 1 + 1 GB/s. however when I stripe both arrays together, using either mdadm or lvm, the performance is about 850 MB/s writing and 1.4 GB/s reading. at least 30% less than expected! running two parallel writer or reader processes against the striped arrays doesn't enhance the figures, in fact it degrades performance even further. So what's happening here? Basically I ruled out bus or memory contention, because when I run dd on both drives simultaneously, aggregate write speed actually reach 1.5 GB/s and reading speed tops 2 GB/s. So it's not the PCIe bus. I suppose it's not the RAM. It's not the filesystem, because I get exactly the same numbers benchmarking against the raw device or using XFS. And I also get exactly the same performance using either LVM striping and md striping. What's wrong? What's preventing a process from going up to the max possible throughput? Is Linux striping defective? What other tests could I run?

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  • Do RAID controllers commonly have SATA drive brand compatibility issues?

    - by Jeff Atwood
    We've struggled with the RAID controller in our database server, a Lenovo ThinkServer RD120. It is a rebranded Adaptec that Lenovo / IBM dubs the ServeRAID 8k. We have patched this ServeRAID 8k up to the very latest and greatest: RAID bios version RAID backplane bios version Windows Server 2008 driver This RAID controller has had multiple critical BIOS updates even in the short 4 month time we've owned it, and the change history is just.. well, scary. We've tried both write-back and write-through strategies on the logical RAID drives. We still get intermittent I/O errors under heavy disk activity. They are not common, but serious when they happen, as they cause SQL Server 2008 I/O timeouts and sometimes failure of SQL connection pools. We were at the end of our rope troubleshooting this problem. Short of hardcore stuff like replacing the entire server, or replacing the RAID hardware, we were getting desperate. When I first got the server, I had a problem where drive bay #6 wasn't recognized. Switching out hard drives to a different brand, strangely, fixed this -- and updating the RAID BIOS (for the first of many times) fixed it permanently, so I was able to use the original "incompatible" drive in bay 6. On a hunch, I began to assume that the Western Digital SATA hard drives I chose were somehow incompatible with the ServeRAID 8k controller. Buying 6 new hard drives was one of the cheaper options on the table, so I went for 6 Hitachi (aka IBM, aka Lenovo) hard drives under the theory that an IBM/Lenovo RAID controller is more likely to work with the drives it's typically sold with. Looks like that hunch paid off -- we've been through three of our heaviest load days (mon,tue,wed) without a single I/O error of any kind. Prior to this we regularly had at least one I/O "event" in this time frame. It sure looks like switching brands of hard drive has fixed our intermittent RAID I/O problems! While I understand that IBM/Lenovo probably tests their RAID controller exclusively with their own brand of hard drives, I'm disturbed that a RAID controller would have such subtle I/O problems with particular brands of hard drives. So my question is, is this sort of SATA drive incompatibility common with RAID controllers? Are there some brands of drives that work better than others, or are "validated" against particular RAID controller? I had sort of assumed that all commodity SATA hard drives were alike and would work reasonably well in any given RAID controller (of sufficient quality).

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  • Bad disks in ancient server

    - by Joel Coel
    I have a 1998-era Netware 3.12 server that runs everything on our campus: general ledger, purchasing, payroll, student information, grades, you name it. The server has an Adaptec RAID controller with two volumes: RAID 1, 2 17GB scsi disks, Seagate ST318417W RAID 5, 3 4GB scsi disks, 2 Seagate ST34573W and 1 ST34572W. We are currently in the early stages of a project to replace this system, but you don't just jump into a new system like that and so I need to keep this server running until at least November 2011. This week we had not one but two hard drives fail. Thankfully they are from different volumes and we're able to keep running for the moment, but given the close nature of these failures I have serious doubts that I'll be able to avoid catastrophic failure from this server through the November target as is without restoring the RAID redundancy — it'll only take one more drive failure anywhere and I'm completely hosed. We are fortunate enough to have exact match "spares" lying around for both drives, but the spares are in unknown condition. I tried swapping just them in, but the RAID controller isn't smart enough to handle this and it renders the system unbootable. As for the RAID controller itself, there is utility I can get into during POST via a Ctrl-A shortcut, but I can't do much useful from there. To actually manage volumes I must first boot in to Netware, at which point I can use CI/O Array Management Software Version 2.0 to actually look at volume information. I suspect that the normal way to manage things is to boot from a special floppy with the controller software on it, but that floppy is long gone. Going through the options in the RAID software, I think the only supported way to replace a disk in an existing RAID volume is to physically add the disk, boot up and configure it as a "spare" for a volume, force the volume to use the spare to replace an existing down disk (and at this point I'm only guessing) so that the down disk becomes the spare, repair the volume, remove the spare from the volume, and then shut down and remove the disk. Then start all over for the other failed disk. All this amounts to a lot of downtime, assuming I can even make it work and that my spares are any good. As for finding reliable spares, I have no clue where to even begin looking to find a new 4GB scsi drive, or even which exact scsi system I'm looking for, as it's gone through a few different iterations over time. Another option is to migrate this to a virtual machine (hyper-v), but all previous attempts we've made in this area have failed to get very far. When this machine was installed I was just graduating from high school, and so it requires lower level knowledge of netware and dos than I ever developed, or if I did have since forgotten (I'm not exactly a dos neophyte, either). Part of my problem is this is a high-use server, and taking it down for a few days to figure things out isn't gonna fly very well. As for the question, I'm looking for anything that might be helpful in this situation: a recommendation on a place to find good spares from this era, personal experience repairing RAID volumes using a similar controller or building a hyper-v vm from an old netware server, a line on a floppy with better software for the RAID controller, recommendation on a good Novell consultant in Nebraska that would be able to put things right, a whole other option I haven't considered yet, etc. Update: For backups, we have good (recently verified via restore) backups of the data only -- nothing for the software that actually runs things. Update 2: Just a progress report that I currently have a working Netware 3.12 install in VMWare Virtual Server 2.0, thanks largely to the guide I found here: http://cerbulescubogdan.blogspot.com/2010/11/novell-netware-312-on-vmware.html The next steps are preparing empty netware volumes to match the additional volumes on my existing server, taking a dump of everything on the C:\ drive and netware volumes on my existing server, and figuring out from that information what modules need added to netware, installing my licenses (we do still have that disk, if it's any good), and moving data over. I have approval to bring the server down for a week after the first of the year (sadly not before), so, aside from creating empty volumes, the rest of the work will have to wait until then. Final Update (Jan 5, 2011): I was able to get spares working in both raid arrays without data loss this week. Both are now listed by the controller as "FAULT TOLLERANT" (yay!). I was also able to build on the progress from my last update and now have a functional "spare" server in VMWare Server 2.0. The spare can run and use our erp software, but I can't put it into production because I can't (yet) print from that box (and I have no idea why). Even so, this VM will do in a pinch if I have no other choice, and between it and the repaired RAID arrays I'm comfortable pushing on until I can junk the machine in November.

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  • CentOS - Add additional hard drive raid arrays on Dell Perc 5/i card

    - by Quanano
    We have a Dell Poweredge 2900 system with Dell Perc 5/i card and 4 SAS hard drives attached, with NTFS partitions on them. We installed CentOS on one raid array on this controller with a different controller and it is working fine. We are now trying to access the drives shown above and they are not being shown in /dev as sdb, etc. sda is the drive that we installed centos on and it has sda1, sda2, sda3, etc. The CDROM has been picked up as well. If I scan for scsi devices then the perc and adaptec controllers are both found. sg0 is the CDROM and sg2 is the centos installed, however I think sg1 is the other drive but I cannot see anyway to mount the partitions, as only the drive is listed in /dev. Thanks. EXTRA INFO fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 72.7 GB, 72746008576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8844 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x11e3119f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 8845 70528000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: 34.4 GB, 34431041536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4186 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: 21.1 GB, 21139292160 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2570 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: 16.6 GB, 16647192576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2023 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home doesn't contain a valid partition table These are all from the install hdd not the additional hard drives modprobe a320raid FATAL: Module a320raid not found. lsscsi -v: [0:0:0:0] cd/dvd TSSTcorp CDRWDVD TS-H492C DE02 /dev/sr0 dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0] [4:0:10:0] enclosu DP BACKPLANE 1.05 - dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:0:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:0:10/4:0:10:0] [4:2:0:0] disk DELL PERC 5/i 1.03 /dev/sda dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:2:0/4:2:0:0] . lsmod: Module Size Used by fuse 66285 0 des_generic 16604 0 ecb 2209 0 md4 3461 0 nls_utf8 1455 0 cifs 278370 0 autofs4 26888 4 ipt_REJECT 2383 0 ip6t_REJECT 4628 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6 8748 2 nf_defrag_ipv6 12182 1 nf_conntrack_ipv6 xt_state 1492 2 nf_conntrack 79453 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state ip6table_filter 2889 1 ip6_tables 19458 1 ip6table_filter ipv6 322029 31 ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6 bnx2 79618 0 ses 6859 0 enclosure 8395 1 ses dcdbas 9219 0 serio_raw 4818 0 sg 30124 0 iTCO_wdt 13662 0 iTCO_vendor_support 3088 1 iTCO_wdt i5000_edac 8867 0 edac_core 46773 3 i5000_edac i5k_amb 5105 0 shpchp 33482 0 ext4 364410 3 mbcache 8144 1 ext4 jbd2 88738 1 ext4 sd_mod 39488 3 crc_t10dif 1541 1 sd_mod sr_mod 16228 0 cdrom 39771 1 sr_mod megaraid_sas 77090 2 aic79xx 129492 0 scsi_transport_spi 26151 1 aic79xx pata_acpi 3701 0 ata_generic 3837 0 ata_piix 22846 0 radeon 1023359 1 ttm 70328 1 radeon drm_kms_helper 33236 1 radeon drm 230675 3 radeon,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 5762 1 radeon i2c_core 31276 4 radeon,drm_kms_helper,drm,i2c_algo_bit dm_mirror 14101 0 dm_region_hash 12170 1 dm_mirror dm_log 10122 2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash dm_mod 81500 11 dm_mirror,dm_log blkid: /dev/sda1: UUID="bc4777d9-ae2c-4c58-96ea-cedb342b8338" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda2: UUID="j2wRZr-Mlko-QWBR-BndC-V2uN-vdhO-iKCuYu" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: UUID="9238208a-1daf-4c3c-aa9b-469f0387ebee" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: UUID="dbefb39c-5871-4bc9-b767-1ef18f12bd3d" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: UUID="ec698993-08b7-443e-84f0-9f9cb31c5da8" TYPE="ext4" dmesg shows: megaraid_sas: fw state:c0000000 megasas: fwstate:c0000000, dis_OCR=0 scsi2 : LSI SAS based MegaRAID driver scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:1:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:2:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:3:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:4:0: Direct-Access HITACHI HUS154545VLS300 D590 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:5:0: Direct-Access HITACHI HUS154545VLS300 D590 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:8:0: Direct-Access FUJITSU MBA3073RC D305 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:9:0: Direct-Access FUJITSU MBA3073RC D305 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 i.e. the 3 RAID Arrays Seagate Hitatchi and Fujitsu hard drives respectively. FURTHER UPDATE I have installed the megaraid storage manager console and connected to the server. It appears that the two CentOS installation hard drives are OK. The other 6 drives, one raid array of 4 and one raid array of 2 disks. The other drives are listed as (Foreign) Unconfigured Good.

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