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  • Good book for a software developer doing part-time (Linux) system administration work

    - by Tony Meyer
    In many smaller organisations, developers often end up doing some system administration work (for obvious reasons). A lot of the time, they have great developer skills, but few system administration skills (perhaps all self-taught), and so have to learn as they go, which is fairly inefficient. Are there canonical (or simply great) books that would help in this situation? More advanced than just using a shell (presumably a developer can do that), but not aimed at someone that hopes to spend many years doing this work. Ideally, something fairly generic (although specific to a distribution would be OK), covering databases, networking, general maintenance, etc, not just one specific task. For the most part, I'm interested in shell-based work (i.e. no GUI installed), although if there's something outstanding I'm missing, please point it out. (As an analogy, replace "system administration" with C, and I'd want K&R, with C++ and I'd want Meyers' "Effective C++").

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  • How to chroot Apache on CentOS?

    - by Jonathan Meyer
    I have been advised by a sysadmin, to run Apache in a chroot jail, in order to prevent that an attacker could take control of server. So my question is: What is the best method to chroot Apache/2.2.3 in RHEL/CentOS 5?, i only use the default modules that comes with Apache like mod_php and also mod_security. I heard of mod_security SecChrootDir but i don't know if it would be suitable for my config, it says that it's recommended only for static file serving in the documentation. Thank you!

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  • Excel: conditionally format a cell using the format of another, content-matching cell

    - by Eric A. Meyer
    I have an Excel spreadsheet where I’d like to be able to create a “key” of formatted cells with unique values, and then in another sheet format cells using the key formatting. So for example, my key is as follows, with one value per cell and the visual formatting indicated in parentheses: A (red background) B (green background) C (blue background) So that’s on one sheet (or in a remote corner of the current sheet—whichever is better). Then, in an area that I mark for conditional formatting, I can type one of those three letters and have the cell where I typed it visually formatted according to the key. So if I type a “B” into one of the conditionally formatted cells, it gets a green background. (Note that I’m using backgrounds here solely for ease of explanation: ideally I want to have all visual formatting copied over, whether it’s foreground color, background color, font weight, borders, or whatever. But I’ll take what I can get, obviously.) And—just to make it extra-tricky—if I change the formatting in the key, that change should be reflected in cells that reference the key. Thus, if I change the “B” formatting in the key from a green background to a purple background, any “B” in the main sheet should switch to the new color. Similarly, it should be possible to add or remove values from the key and have those changes applied to the main data set. I’m okay with the formatting-update-on-key-change being triggered by clicking a button or something. I suspect that if any of this is possible it will require VBA, but I’ve never used it so I’ve no idea where to start if that’s the case. I’m hoping it’s possible without VBA. I know it’s possible to just use multiple conditional formats, but my use case here is that I’m trying to create the above-described capability for someone who isn’t conversant with conditional formatting. I’d like to let them be able to define a key, update it if necessary, and keep on truckin’ without me having to rewrite the spreadsheet’s formatting rules for them. --- UPDATE --- So I think I was a bit unclear about my original request. Let me try again with an image. The image shows the “key” on the left, where values and styles are defined using keyboard and mouse input. On the right, you see the data that should be formatted to match the key. Thus if I type a “C” into a cell in the Data area, it should be blue-backed. Furthermore, if I change the formatting of “C” in the Key to have a purple background, all the “C” cells should switch from blue to purple. For further craziness, if I add more to the Key (say, “D” with a yellow background) then any “D” cells will be styled to match; if I remove a Key entry, then matching values in the Data area should revert to default styling. So. Is that more clear? Is it possible, in whole or in part? I don’t have to use conditional formatting for this; in fact, at this point I suspect I probably shouldn’t. But I’m open to any approach!

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  • What's with the accesses to $random_existing_file/cache/df.php?

    - by Bernd Jendrissek
    Occasionally I eyeball Apache's access_log and lately I've been noticing these accesses to URLs that I don't serve. They're correctly 404'ed, but I'd like to know just who and what is involved here. "Obviously" it's some sort of vulnerability probing; I'd like to know which. (Not that it affects me, but I like to know the score.) Here's an example: 69.89.31.206 - - [28/Nov/2012:17:36:34 +0200] "GET /cvfull.pdf/cache/df.php HTTP/1.1" 404 489 "-" "-" Oddly, all 26 attempts are to either /cache/df.php, or to /cvfull.pdf/cache/df.php - they come in pairs. A few weeks ago it was zx.php, now it's df.php - I'm assuming the target is the same. Perhaps I should be flattered that a script is thinking of hiring me. Seriously, my CV is one of only two PDF files on my site, so I can only guess that non-PDF URLs aren't interesting? I've tried Googling for "cache df php", but my Google-fu is weak at the best of times, so I can only find a few reports of other script attacks. What's the vulnerability being scanned for here?

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  • Is it possible to disable the retry mechanism in Exim

    - by Tony Meyer
    I have a very simple Exim configuration that's just forwarding all mail to a set of destination addresses. When immediate delivery to an address fails, the message is added to the queue (and then processed by the retry rules). I want to change this so that if immediately delivery fails, the message is :blackhole:d. (It's ok if a bounce is generated instead, as I'll just redirect the bounce to the :blackhole:). This needs to occur for temporary failures (i.e. 4xx) as well as permanent (i.e. 5xx) ones. I understand that this means that if delivery can't be done immediately the message will be permanently and irretrievably lost. In this particular context, that isn't a problem. Reading over this, it sounds suspiciously like "how can I improve my spamming Exim server". That really isn't what this is for, and if you can figure out a way I can prove that, I'm happy to do so!

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  • 'Multi' partition recipe from Ubuntu alternate install CD without preseed

    - by Nick Meyer
    The Ubuntu/Debian installer includes a built-in guided partitioning recipe, called 'multi', which creates separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions. It can be selected by starting the installer with a preseed file. You can see it described in the Karmic install guide: # You can choose one of the three predefined partitioning recipes: # - atomic: all files in one partition # - home: separate /home partition # - multi: separate /home, /usr, /var, and /tmp partitions d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic Is there any way to use guided partitioning with this recipe from the Ubuntu alternate install CD without the need to create a preseed file?

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  • Recover LVM2 volume group after one HDD failed

    - by Bernd
    I had two HDDs, each one containing a LVM partition which formed a volume group. Then I had two LVs, one for my / directory and one for my /home/ directory. Yesterday where I had my / dir failed. I'm trying to recover at least my /home/ dir. What I've done so far: Boot a live system Extract LVM2 metadata from the working HDD using dd Copy metadata to /etc/lvm/backup/vg0 Now I'm trying to do this: pvcreate --restore /etc/lvm/backup/vg0 --uuid "[uuid of my working hdd]" /dev/sdb2 But I always get: Couldn't find device with uuid '[uuid of broken hdd]'. Couldn't find device with uuid '[uuid of working hdd]'. Device /dev/sdb2 not found (or ignored by filtering). I confirmed that /dev/sdb2 exists and I've commented out all filtering settings from /etc/lvm/lvm.conf so I don't know what might be causing pvcreate not to find the device. So: What might be the problem? Is it even possible to restore this partition? (As I'm writing this I'm starting to think it's impossible D:) Edit: Okay, looks like I've got it figured out. I was using a Ubuntu 8.10 CD (yeah, I know it's not supported anymore) and it seems that was the problem. When I started from a Ubuntu 10.04 CD everything worked 'fine', I could mount my LVM partitions partially without problems. (Will answer the question in 4 hours. But if anyone has still got some hints/tips, please share! :)

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  • Mac: window manager frozen, have ssh access

    - by Bernd
    I have a Mac which regularly runs into a problem. The user interface stops reponding, showing a "frozen" user interface. The mouse is still moving but clicking does not trigger anything. This happens about once a week. Solution so far is to force switch-off the Mac and reboot it. I have ssh root access to the Mac. Killing (kill -9) the active application has no visible impact on what is shown on the screen. Any ideas on how to diagnose this? Is there a way to restart the window manager from the ssh shell? Killing /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Resources/WindowServer seems not to be possible. The Mac is an early 2008 iMac and runs Lion with latest updates. /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports is empty. Update: Problem stays after update to Mountain Lion. The WindowServer process is in "uninterruptible wait" state ("U" flag in ps output set): imac:~ root# ps ax|awk "NR==1|| /WindowServer/"|grep -v awk PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND 86 ?? Us 50:51.69 /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Resources/WindowServer -daemon Any idea for diagnosing what blocks the process? Any idea for "waking up" the process?

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  • How to talk to a virtual host on a guest OS?

    - by Bernd
    Let's say there is a host OS (Mac OS X) and a virtual machine running Ubuntu as guest OS. The guest OS has the IP 192.186.56.101 and some virtual hosts, e.g. ubuntu.server So, how to really map a request to the virtual host ubuntu.server on the guest OS? I tried: Configure the host OS in /etc/hosts to map ubuntu.server to 192.186.56.101 On the guest OS we have the trouble. It accepts the request for 192.186.56.101 which is not ubuntu.server and therefor the ubuntu.server virtual host will never be requested. Just the localhost on the guest OS. It might surely be possible to simply then use 192.168.56.101. But this would only work for one host per guest OS. Any idea? Or is there a bug in my train of thoughts?

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  • Find edited Word attachment opened via Windows Mail (Vista)

    - by Tony Meyer
    If you open (not save) a Word attachment in Windows Mail, then it will open the document up in Microsoft Word. This is saved somewhere, and you can edit the file and save it (i.e. no "save as" dialog appears). If you then close Word without explicitly saving the file somewhere, how do you then find the edited file? (Assuming that it can be found, and isn't automatically deleted). Windows Search does not find the file (presumably because it's in the folders that are excluded from search).

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  • How to get iTunes to recognize that certain ID3 tags have been removed from files?

    - by Nick Meyer
    I use MusicBrainz Picard to manage the ID3 tags on my MP3 collection and iTunes for playing them and managing my iPod. I have Picard set to remove the Composer tag from any files that don't also contain the word "Classical" in the Genre tag. I've run Picard and it has removed the Composer tag from many of my files. However, iTunes keeps displaying the old value of the Composer field. I have tried right-clicking on the file to update, choosing "Get Info" and clicking OK. This has no effect on the Composer field when it has been removed entirely; it only refreshes the displayed value when it has been changed from one non-empty value to another. How can I get iTunes to stop showing the old values for tags that have been removed? Please note I don't want to lose other iTunes metadata such as ratings and play counts, so removing the files from the iTunes library and re-adding them is not an option.

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  • Microsoft Outlook: show multi-day appointments as boxes in calendar day and week view

    - by Bernd
    I would like to show appointments spanning several days the same way as appintments within a single day. Single day appointments are shown with a white or colored box, covering the day horizontally. Multi-day appointments are shown in the day/week header and are indicated blue or purple on the left side of a day. This happens even if a multi-day appointment is not an all-day appointment (i.e. checkbox is off) and I have a start and end time. I frequently have a hard time seeing appointment overlaps wenn acceping single day appointments. Therefore I am looking for multi-day appointments shown the same way as single day appointments. I am on Outlook 2003.

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  • Speeding up Connection Between Computer and Wireless/Bridged Router

    - by Justian Meyer
    Hey everyone, I looked through other questions, but didn't find useful responses. Our main computer has a dl speed of 6 Mbps, but some of our other computers are getting only 40-200 Kb! The router is wireless, but all computers are connected using a Netgear Wall-Plugged Bridge XE102, which transmits information via the building's powerline. It can't be the hardware itself, however, because some computers still manage decent speeds. The computers afflicted are running on Microsoft XP Service Packs 2 and 3, but so are computers that are totally functional. These speeds severely impede on productivity and are excruciatingly frustrating when trying to cram in time in the early hours. Could it be an issue with the computer? Location? Router? Many thanks in advance, Justian

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  • Client unable to access OWA website after temporarily changing SSL certificate on the server

    - by Lorenz Meyer
    I have the following issue: One client computer (Windows XP) cannot access the OWA website. All other client computers can (Except another one in the same remote office). How this happened: I temporarily changed the SSL certificate on the Exchange Server yesterday. After a few minutes, I reverted back, an now the same certificate that was installed for years is back again. During these few minutes, they were in OWA on this computer and got a certificate error. What exactly happens: Internet Explorer displays the error Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage, Firefox displays The connection was reset and Crome shows This webpage is not available. The connection to ... was interrupted. What I already did to try to get this working: Restart the client computer Restart the exchange server Deleted Internet Explorer browsing history In IE, Internet Options, tab Content, under Certificates deletes SSL cache Restored Internet Explorer to the default parameters I looked into certmgr.msc, but did not find a certificate related to the issue What could I do else to narrow down the origin of this problem (or better: resolve it) ? Can you give any advice ?

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  • Exchange 2010 - Certificate error on internal Outlook 2013 connections

    - by Lorenz Meyer
    I have an Exchange 2010 and Outlook 2003. The exchange server has a wildcard SSL certificate installed *.domain.com, (for use with autodiscover.domain.com and mail.domain.com). The local fqdn of the Exchange server is exch.domain.local. With this configuration there is no problem. Now I started upgrading all Outlook 2003 to Outlook 2013, and I start to get consistently a certificate error in Outlook : The Name on the security certificate is invalid or does not match the name of the site I understand why I get that error: Outlook 2013 is connecting to exch.domain.local while the certificate is for *.domain.com. I was ready to buy a SAN (Subject Alternate Names) Certificate, that contains the three domains exch.domain.local, mail.domain.com, autodiscover.domain.com. But there is a hindrance: the certificate provider (in my case Godaddy) requires that the domain is validated as being our property. Now it is not possible for an internal domain that is not accessible from the internet. So this turns out not to be an option. Create self-signed SAN certificate with an Enterprise CA is an other option that is barely viable: There would be certificate error with every access to webmail, and I had to install the certificate on all Outlook clients. What is a recommended viable solution ? Is it possible to disable certificate checking in Outlook ? Or how could I change the Exchange server configuration so that the public domain name is used for all connections ? Or is there another solution I'm not thinking of ? Any advice is welcome.

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  • Fatal error: Out of memory (allocated ...) (tried to allocate ... bytes) not due to memory_limit setting

    - by Lorenz Meyer
    Since a few days, I get the following error on my server: Fatal error: Out of memory (allocated 262144) (tried to allocate 393216 bytes) Usually this error is due to a memory consumption that is exceeding the configured memory_limit, but in my case there is no relation. The memory_limit is set to 128MB, and in this case, we not even reach 1MB. Also the server does not have a big load, in fact it is an intranet server, and there are just a few people conected to it. System: Windows Server 2003, 1Go RAM, only 600 MB used. Apache 2.2.4 PHP 5.2.3 This error is appearing randomly. The memory limit reached also is randomly between a few kB to a few MB. Sometimes restarting Apache is required to get rid of the error, sometimes it disapears itself. Restarting Apache or the entire server helps temporarily. Where could this problem come from ? How could I narrow down the error source ?

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  • JPQL IN clause: Java-Arrays (or Lists, Sets...)?

    - by Bernd Haug
    I would like to load all objects that have a textual tag set to any of a small but arbitrary number of values from our database. The logical way to go about this in SQL would be to build an "IN" clause. JPQL allows for IN, but it seems to require me to specify every single parameter to IN directly (as in, "in (:in1, :in2, :in3)"). Is there some way to specify an array, or a list (or some other container) that should be unrolled to the values of an IN clause?

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  • ODBC: Mapping of literal type names in create table statements

    - by matthias-meyer
    I was wondering if data types in a a literal "create table" statement, executed over ODBC, are replaced with their database specific counterparts (platform is Windows/.Net/C#). I cannot find this feature in the ODBC docs, and there seems to be no list of literal "ODBC data types". However, I know that this works for Oracle, SQL Server and Access; the following statement is executed correctly, although the type LONGVARBINARY is no native type in all of these systems: CREATE TABLE (MYCOLUMN LONGVARBINARY) However, e.g. for Oracle the mapped native type depends on the used ODBC driver. Is this an undocumented feature? Is there a list of supported type names anywhere? Thanks!

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  • Spring Security 3.0 and Active Directory LDAP: DOMAIN\user login

    - by Bernd Haug
    I would like to have users authenticate against an ActiveDirectory LDAP server using the DOMAIN\user.name syntax. I think that should be possible with SpringSec 3.0 since the docs mention an "alternative syntax" which I guess refers to the DOM\user syntax instead of a bind DN, but the docs don't elaborate further. Is there some way to configure Spring Sec 3 LDAP to use "the MS way" or do I have to write my own Authenticator implementation (against e.g. the java.naming.directory package, which I've tested to be able to use the MS syntax as its SECURITY_PRINCIPAL)?

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  • how to merge stripped symbols with binary?

    - by Bernd Schmickler
    I compiled the Qt Framework with debugging enabled, but the script stripped the debugging symbols from the libraries and saved them as *.debug files -- just like here. Sadly I need these symbols inside the .so files, so I can continue working with them. There seems no way to teach my debugger to load external (non-PDB) symbols. So another way of solving my problem might be converting the .debug files to PDB format, which might also be a problem. Thank you very much!

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  • How do I force fetching of tags if I have the --no-tags option set

    - by douglas.meyer
    Whenever I run git fetch it fetches all the tags from origin. In a project with lots of tags, this can get quite bothersome. So I ran git config remote.origin.tagopt --no-tags so fetching will no-longer fetch tags. However, there are some times when I do want to fetch tags, or a single tag. Does anyone know how to do this? (besides removing that configuration, and running git fetch --no-tags every time) Thanks!

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  • Performance analysis strategies

    - by Bernd
    I am assigned to a performance-tuning-debugging-troubleshooting task. Scenario: a multi-application environment running on several networked machines using databases. OS is Unix, DB is Oracle. Business logic is implemented across applications using synchronous/asynchronous communication. Applications are multi-user with several hundred call center users at peak time. User interfaces are web-based. Applications are third party, I can get access to developers and source code. I only have the production system and a functional test environment, no load test environment. Problem: bad performance! I need fast results. Management is going crazy. I got symptom examples like these: user interface actions taking minutes to complete. Seaching for a customer usually takes 6 seconds but an immediate subsequent search with same parameters may take 6 minutes. What would be your strategy for finding root causes?

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  • Javascript won't execute in iPhone Safari

    - by Stuart Meyer
    I'm running into this issue only because I recently purchased an iPhone. The javascript for a picture carousel on my website (http://www.stuartmeyerphotography.com) won't execute in Safari for iPhone. I thought it worked on Mac Safari last I checked with a friend who had a Mac (a year ago), but now I need to go back and check that too to make sure it works on the Mac. "View source" on my website would show the entire html page, but I've pulled the code from the body section to show here: carousel({id:'Photos', border:'', size_mode:'image', width:120, height:120, sides:8, steps:75, speed:4, direction:'left', images:['mainthumbs/babiesthumb.jpg','mainthumbs/engagementsthumb.jpg','mainthumbs/dancethumb1.jpg','mainthumbs/artistthumb.jpg','mainthumbs/portraitsthumb1.jpg','mainthumbs/seniorsthumb1.jpg','mainthumbs/wedthumb1.jpg'], links:['babies/babies.html','engagements/engagemainshow/engagementpictures.html','dance/dancepictures.html','artists/artists.html','portraits/portraits.html','seniors/highschoolseniors.html','weddings/weddings.html'], lnk_base:'', lnk_targets:['_iframe1', '_iframe1', '_iframe1', '_iframe1', '_iframe1', '_iframe1', '_iframe1' ], lnk_attr:['width=200,height=300,top=200,menubar=yes', 'width=300,height=200,left=400,scrollbars=yes', 'width=150,height=250,left=200,top=100', ''], titles:['Babies', 'Engagements', 'Dance', 'Artists', 'Portraits', 'HS Seniors', 'Weddings'], image_border_width:1, image_border_color:'#E3F0A1' });   </div> Any thoughts? -Stuart

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