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  • Understanding Security Certificates (and thier pricing)

    - by John Robertson
    I work at a very small company so certificate costs need to be absolutely minimal. However for some applications we do Need to have our customers get that warm fuzzy not-using-a-self-signed certificate feeling. Since creating a "certificate authority" with makecert really just means creating a public/private key pair, it seems pretty clear that creating a public/private key pair FROM such a "certificate authority" really just means generating a second public/private key pair and signing both with the private key that belongs to the "certificate authority". Since the keys are signed anyone can verify they came from the certificate authority I created, or if verisign gave me the pair they sign it with one of their own private keys, and anyone can use verisigns corresponding public key to confirm verisign as the source of the keys. Given this I don't understand when I go to verisign or godaddy why they have rates only for yearly plans, when all I really want from them is a single public/private key pair signed with one of their private keys (so that anyone else can use their public keys to confirm that, yes, they gave me that public/private key pair and they confirmed I was who I said I was so you can trust my public/private key pair as belonging to a legitimate third party). Clearly I am misunderstanding something, what is it? Does verisign retire their public/private key pairs periodically so that my verisign signed key pair "expires" and I need new ones? Edit: I learned that the certificate has an internal expiration date and it also maintains an internal value stating whether it can be used to sign other certificates (i.e. sign other private/public key pairs stored as certificates). Can't I get a few (even one) non-signing certificate signed by someone like verisign that I can use for authentication/encryption without a yearly subscription?

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  • How to inspect remote SMTP server's TLS certificate?

    - by Miles Erickson
    We have an Exchange 2007 server running on Windows Server 2008. Our client uses another vendor's mail server. Their security policies require us to use enforced TLS. This was working fine until recently. Now, when Exchange tries to deliver mail to the client's server, it logs the following: A secure connection to domain-secured domain 'ourclient.com' on connector 'Default external mail' could not be established because the validation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) certificate for ourclient.com failed with status 'UntrustedRoot. Contact the administrator of ourclient.com to resolve the problem, or remove the domain from the domain-secured list. Removing ourclient.com from the TLSSendDomainSecureList causes messages to be delivered successfully using opportunistic TLS, but this is a temporary workaround at best. The client is an extremely large, security-sensitive international corporation. Our IT contact there claims to be unaware of any changes to their TLS certificate. I have asked him repeatedly to please identify the authority that generated the certificate so that I can troubleshoot the validation error, but so far he has been unable to provide an answer. For all I know, our client could have replaced their valid TLS certificate with one from an in-house certificate authority. Does anyone know a way to manually inspect a remote SMTP server's TLS certificate, as one can do for a remote HTTPS server's certificate in a web browser? It could be very helpful to determine who issued the certificate and compare that information against the list of trusted root certificates on our Exchange server.

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  • IIS 7 with verisign certificate, invalid certificate returned

    - by bh213
    We have IIS7 on windows 2008 and we installed verisign certificate and bound it to https. Certificate seems fine. Chain: mysite.com - not expired VeriSign international server CA class 3 - not expired Verisign Class 3 Public primary certification Authority - not expired Yet when I use verisign online validation, I get that second certificate is expired. https://knowledge.verisign.com/support/ssl-certificates-support/index?page=content&id=AR1130# This is what it reports, mysite is reported to be ok: ---------------- --Issued To-- Organization: VeriSign Trust Network Organizational Unit: www.verisign.com/CPS Incorp.by Ref. LIABILITY LTD.(c)97 VeriSign Organizational Unit 2: VeriSign International Server CA - Class 3 Organizational Unit 3: VeriSign,, Inc. --Issued By-- Organization: VeriSign,, Inc. Organizational Unit: Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority Country: US Validity Start: Wed Apr 16 17:00:00 PDT 1997 Validity End: Wed Jan 07 15:59:59 PST 2004 ---------------- Any ideas?

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  • Developer certificate vs purchased certificate for WCF

    - by RemotecUk
    I understsand that if I want to use authentication in WCF then I need to install a certificate on my server which WCF will use to encrypt data passing between my server and client. For development purposes I believe I can use the makecert.exe util. to make a development certificate. What is the worst that can happen if I use this certificate on the production environment? and... Why cant I use this certificate on the production environment? and ... What is the certificate actually going to do in this scenario? [Edit: Added another question] finally... In a scenario where the website has a certificate installed to provide HTTPS support can the same certificate be used for the WCF services as well? Note on my application: Its a NetTCP client and server service. The users will log in using the same username and password which they use for the website which is passed in clear text. I would be happy to pass the u/n + p/w in cleartext to WCF but this isnt allowed by the framework and a certificate must be in place. However, I dont want to buy an certificate due to budget constraints! (Sorry for the possibly stupid question but I really dont understand this so would welcome some help with this).

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  • Framework 4 Features: Summary of Security enhancements

    - by Anthony Shorten
    In the last log entry I mentioned one of the new security features in Oracle Utilities Application Framework 4.0.1. Security is one of the major "tent poles" (to borrow a phrase from Steve Jobs) in this release of the framework. There are a number of security related enhancements requested by customers and as a result of internal reviews that we have introduced. Here is a summary of some of the security enchancements we have added in this release: Security Cache Changes - Security authorization information is automatically cached on the server for performance reasons (security is checked for every single call the product makes for all modes of access). Prior to this release the cache auto-refreshed every 30 minutes (or so). This has beem made more nimble by supporting a cache refresh every minute (or so). This means authorization changes are reflected quicker than before. Business Level security - Business Services are configurable services that are based upon Application Services. Typically, the business service inherited its security profile from its parent service. Whilst this is sufficient for most needs, it is now required to further specify security on the Business Service definition itself. This will allow granular security and allow the same application service to be exposed as different Business Services with their own security. This is particularly useful when you base a Business Service on a query zone. User Propogation - As with other client server applications, the database connections are pooled and shared as needed. This means that a common database user is used to access the database from the pool to allow sharing. Unfortunently, this means that tracability at the database level is that much harder. In Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 the end userid is now propogated to the database using the CLIENT_IDENTIFIER as part of the Oracle JDBC connection API. This not only means that the common database userid is still used but the end user is indentifiable for the duration of the database call. This can be used for monitoring or to hook into Oracle's database security products. This enhancement is only available to Oracle Database customers. Enhanced Security Definitions - Security Administrators use the product browser front end to control access rights of defined users. While this is sufficient for most sites, a new security portal has been introduced to speed up the maintenance of security information. Oracle Identity Manager Integration - With the popularity of Oracle's Identity Management Suite, the Framework now provides an integration adapter and Identity Manager Generic Transport Connector (GTC) to allow users and group membership to be provisioned to any Oracle Utilities Application Framework based product from Oracle's Identity Manager. This is also available for Oracle Utilties Application Framework V2.2 customers. Refer to My Oracle Support KBid 970785.1 - Oracle Identity Manager Integration Overview. Audit On Inquiry - Typically the configurable audit facility in the Oracle Utilities Application Framework is used to audit changes to records. In Oracle Utilities Application Framework the Business Services and Service Scripts could be configured to audit inquiries as well. Now it is possible to attach auditing capabilities to zones on the product (including base package ones). Time Zone Support - In some of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework based products, the timezone of the end user is a factor in the processing. The user object has been extended to allow the recording of time zone information for use in product functionality. JAAS Suport - Internally the Oracle Utilities Application Framework uses a number of techniques to validate and transmit security information across the architecture. These various methods have been reconciled into using Java Authentication and Authorization Services for standardized security. This is strictly an internal change with no direct on how security operates externally. JMX Based Cache Management - In the last bullet point, I mentioned extra security applied to cache management from the browser. Alternatively a JMX based interface is now provided to allow IT operations to control the cache without the browser interface. This JMX capability can be initiated from a JSR120 compliant JMX console or JMX browser. I will be writing another more detailed blog entry on the JMX enhancements as it is quite a change and an exciting direction for the product line. Data Patch Permissions - The database installer provided with the product required lower levels of security for some operations. At some sites they wanted the ability for non-DBA's to execute the utilities in a controlled fashion. The framework now allows feature configuration to allow delegation for patch execution. User Enable Support - At some sites, the use of temporary staff such as contractors is commonplace. In this scenario, temporary security setups were required and used. A potential issue has arisen when the contractor left the company. Typically the IT group would remove the contractor from the security repository to prevent login using that contractors userid but the userid could NOT be removed from the authorization model becuase of audit requirements (if any user in the product updates financials or key data their userid is recorded for audit purposes). It is now possible to effectively diable the user from the security model to prevent any use of the useridwhilst retaining audit information. These are a subset of the security changes in Oracle Utilities Application Framework. More details about the security capabilities of the product is contained in My Oracle Support KB Id 773473.1 - Oracle Utilities Application Framework Security Overview.

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  • InstantSSL's certificate no different than a self signed certificate under Nginx with an IP accessed address

    - by Absolute0
    I ordered an ssl certificate from InstantSSL and got the following pair of files: my_ip.ca-bundle, my_ip.crt I also previously generated my own key and crt files using openssl. I concatenated all the crt files: cat my_previously_generted.crt my_ip.ca_bundle my_ip.crt chained.crt And configured nginx as follows: server { ... listen 443; ssl on; ssl_certificate /home/dmsf/csr/chained.crt; ssl_certificate_key /home/dmsf/csr/csr.nopass.key; ... } I don't have a domain name as per the clients request. When I open the browser with https://my_ip chrome gives me this error: The site's security certificate is not trusted! You attempted to reach my_ip, but the server presented a certificate issued by an entity that is not trusted by your computer's operating system. This may mean that the server has generated its own security credentials, which Google Chrome cannot rely on for identity information, or an attacker may be trying to intercept your communications. You should not proceed, especially if you have never seen this warning before for this site.

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  • The Importance of a Security Assessment - by Michael Terra, Oracle

    - by Darin Pendergraft
    Today's Blog was written by Michael Terra, who was the Subject Matter Expert for the recently announced Oracle Online Security Assessment. You can take the Online Assessment here: Take the Online Assessment Over the past decade, IT Security has become a recognized and respected Business discipline.  Several factors have contributed to IT Security becoming a core business and organizational enabler including, but not limited to, increased external threats and increased regulatory pressure. Security is also viewed as a key enabler for strategic corporate activities such as mergers and acquisitions.Now, the challenge for senior security professionals is to develop an ongoing dialogue within their organizations about the importance of information security and how it can impact their organization's strategic objectives/mission. The importance of conducting regular “Security Assessments” across the IT and physical infrastructure has become increasingly important. Security standards and frameworks, such as the international standard ISO 27001, are increasingly being adopted by organizations and their business partners as proof of their security posture and “Security Assessments” are a great way to ensure a continued alignment to these frameworks.Oracle offers a number of different security assessment covering a broad range of technologies. Some of these are short engagements conducted for free with our strategic customers and partners. Others are longer term paid engagements delivered by Oracle Consulting Services or one of our partners. The goal of a security assessment, (also known as a security audit or security review), is to ensure that necessary security controls are integrated into the design and implementation of a project, application or technology.  A properly completed security assessment should provide documentation outlining any security gaps that exist in an infrastructure and the associated risks for those gaps. With that knowledge, an organization can choose to either mitigate, transfer, avoid or accept the risk. One example of an Oracle offering is a Security Readiness Assessment:The Oracle Security Readiness Assessment is a practical security architecture review focused on aligning an organization’s enterprise security architecture to their business principals and strategic objectives. The service will establish a multi-phase security architecture roadmap focused on supporting new and existing business initiatives.Offering OverviewThe Security Readiness Assessment will: Define an organization’s current security posture and provide a roadmap to a desired future state architecture by mapping  security solutions to business goals Incorporate commonly accepted security architecture concepts to streamline an organization’s security vision from strategy to implementation Define the people, process and technology implications of the desired future state architecture The objective is to deliver cohesive, best practice security architectures spanning multiple domains that are unique and specific to the context of your organization. Offering DetailsThe Oracle Security Readiness Assessment is a multi-stage process with a dedicated Oracle Security team supporting your organization.  During the course of this free engagement, the team will focus on the following: Review your current business operating model and supporting IT security structures and processes Partner with your organization to establish a future state security architecture leveraging Oracle’s reference architectures, capability maps, and best practices Provide guidance and recommendations on governance practices for the rollout and adoption of your future state security architecture Create an initial business case for the adoption of the future state security architecture If you are interested in finding out more, ask your Sales Consultant or Account Manager for details.

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  • How to avoid lftp Certificate verification error?

    - by pattulus
    I'm trying to get my Pelican blog working. It uses lftp to transfer the actual blog to ones server, but I always get an error: mirror: Fatal error: Certificate verification: subjectAltName does not match ‘blogname.com’ I think lftp is checking the SSL and the quick setup of Pelican just forgot to include that I don't have SSL on my FTP. This is the code in Pelican's Makefile: ftp_upload: $(OUTPUTDIR)/index.html lftp ftp://$(FTP_USER)@$(FTP_HOST) -e "mirror -R $(OUTPUTDIR) $(FTP_TARGET_DIR) ; quit" which renders in terminal as: lftp ftp://[email protected] -e "mirror -R /Volumes/HD/Users/me/Test/output /myblog_directory ; quit" What I managed so far is, denying the SSL check by changing the Makefile to: lftp ftp://$(FTP_USER)@$(FTP_HOST) -e "set ftp:ssl-allow no" "mirror -R $(OUTPUTDIR) $(FTP_TARGET_DIR) ; quit" Due to my incorrect implementation I get logged in correctly (lftp [email protected]:~>) but the one line feature doesn't work anymore and I have to enter the mirror command by hand: mirror -R /Volumes/HD/Users/me/Test/output/ /myblog_directory This works without an error and timeout. The question is how to do this with a one liner. In addition I tried: set ssl:verify-certificate/ftp.myblog.com no This trick to disable certificate verification in lftp: $ cat ~/.lftp/rc set ssl:verify-certificate no However, it seems there is no "rc" folder in my lftp directory - so this prompt has no chance to work.

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  • Check if root ca certificate is installed

    - by Zulakis
    We are having a custom CA for our local-domains. The Root CA certificate is installed on all the corporate machines by default, but sometimes it happens that we have someone here who doesn't have it installed. If the user a) accesses our intranet using http or b) accepts the server-certificate I would like to redirect the user to a site which tells it what happened and how they can install the root CA. The only solution I found was the following: <img src="https://the_site/the_image" onerror="redirectToCertPage()"> This is barely a work-around and not really a solution. It can be triggered by other problems then the missing certificate. Are there any better solutions on how to solve this problem?

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  • Installing SSL certificate on JBoss

    - by Teddy
    I have a server that runs JBoss. When I type bad URL to that server it gives me version like this: JBossWeb/2.0.1.GA - what version of JBoss that would be? A SSL certificate will be bought and provided for me so that I could install it in JBoss. I would really appreciate any HOWTO or any information how to install ready SSL certificate on JBoss. Do I need to generate any files with openssl, when this SSL certificate will be bought from some other company that sells SSL certificates? Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • IE8/IE7/IE6/IE5 on WinXP Use The Wrong Certificate

    - by Marco Calì
    For some reason IE8/IE7/IE6/IE5 on Windows XP, instead to use the certificate that is listed on the nginx website config, is using another certificate that is used from other websites. Checking the nging config file for the website everything is fine. A confirm of this is that all the other browsers (Chrome/Firefox/Safari/IE9) are using the correct certificate. This is the nginx configuration for the app: server { listen 80; listen 443 ssl; server_name mydomain.com; ssl_certificate /root/certs/mydomain.com/mydomain.bundle.crt; ssl_certificate_key /root/certs/mydomain.com/mydoamin.key; access_log /opt/webapps/cs_at/logs/access.log; location / { add_header P3P 'CP="CAO PSA OUR"'; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:20004; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; } }

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  • Missing subject field values in user certificate (Windows)

    - by nwang
    I am trying to enroll (on behalf of) a user certificate but certain fields appear to be missing in the subject field. Specifically, O and OU. Using ADSI, I see that the fields have the values I want but when I generate the certificate using Enroll on Behalf, certreq.exe, or certmgr.msc (run as different user) O does not appear at all and OU values are the AD containers the user account belongs to. This occurs despite my specifying the values in my .inf for certreq and setting the values in certificate properties when using certmgr.msc. Am I missing something or could I have configured something wrong? I am using an in internal CA.

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  • Identifying program attempting to install certificate on windows

    - by R..
    I'm trying to help a friend using Windows (which I'm not an expert on by any means) who's experiencing malware-like behavior: a dialog box is repeatedly popping up reading: You are about to install a certificate from a certification authority (CA) claiming to represent: CE_UmbrellaCert Warning: If you install this root certificate, Windows will automatically trust any certificate issued by this CA. Installing a certificate with an unconfirmed thumbprint is a security risk. If you click "yes" you acknowledge this risk. AV and anti-malware scanners don't detect anything. My friend hasn't accepted installing the certificate, but whatever program is trying to install it keeps retrying, making the system unusable (constant interruptions). Is there any way to track down which program is making the attempt to install it so this program can be uninstalled/deleted?

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  • Disable integrated client certificate validation in IIS7?

    - by danford
    We have an IIS 7 hosted site that requires client certificates (two-way ssl). Unfortunately, I don't have access to the trusted certificate store on the host machines, and so I was forced to write a custom http module to verify the certificates. My module never gets a chance to do the authentication, however, because IIS doesn't recognize the certificates and responds with a 403.7 error. How do I turn off client certificate validation, while still requiring clients to provide them?

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  • Script to determine the SSL certificate assigned to each site

    - by Thomas
    I have a IIS6 web server with 100+ sites on it. Recently, I was forced to renew my wildcard SSL certificate which all the sites use by creating a new CSR request rather than a renew CSR request. I have installed the certificate and can update each site one at a time to use the new certificate however, I was wondering whether: There is a way to update every site at the same time and If there was a script I can use to view which certificate is currently being used by each site.

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  • WinHttpCertCfg not importing certificate

    - by Ramon Zarazua
    I need to setup a deployment script that imports an SSL certificate that my service uses. I have tried importing with WinHttpCertCfg and with CertMgr to no avail. Here are the command-line arguments I have tried to use with both: winhttpcertcfg.exe -i <certname>.pfx -c LOCAL_MACHINE\My -p <password> -a <user service runs as> and CertMgr.exe -add -all -s -r localMachine -c <cert name> My It seems from what I have investigated that CertMgr does not allow you to import certificates with a password, so I'd rather get winhttpcertcfg working. When I run them I get the following output: WinHttpCertCfg: Microsoft (R) WinHTTP Certificate Configuration Tool Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2001. CertMgr: CertMgr Succeeded However, when I look into the local machine certificates in MMC, try to load them from my service, or list it out through winhttpcertcfg, or even looking at the registry in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\MY\Certificates it is not found. I have tried all of the following: If I install the cert manually (Through CertMgr.msc dialogs) it works. The user installing is running as administrator The user installing has full access on the certificate The tools print out an error when something is wrong (wrong password) Tried it in multiple machines (All of them server 2008 R2) At this point I am officially out of ideas. Thank you.

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  • Security as a Service (SecaaS) for Amazon EC2

    - by Dave
    I'm looking for a security as a service (SecaaS) provider or open source solution for Amazon EC2 instances, however I can't seem to find much on Google or elsewhere so was wondering if anyone knows where I could find this service? Ideally I'm looking for something that offers virtual firewalls, email and web security and virtual spam prevention. If anyone has any information on SecaaS i'd appreciate it, Thanks in advance

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  • Certificate Authority issuing Basic EFS certificates without Autoenroll

    - by James Jones
    We have observed some puzzling behavior from the CAs we have set up in both the past and present. For some reason unknown to us, it seems that our CAs are randomly issuing "Basic EFS" certificates to our users. This is evident through the "Issued Certificates" log on the CA. I personally set up a CA yesterday, and the instant that I installed certificate services it started dishing out Basic EFS certs to our users. They seem to be issued at random times: 1:51am, 2:20am, then 7:54am, then 8:03am... etc I looked at the certificate template for Basic EFS and there isn't even an option for Autoenrollment, so I'm seriously in a state of "WTF?!"... Can anyone clue me in as to why my CA has a mind of its own? Do CAs tend to become self-aware and lash out at their owners? Please help...

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  • What is recommended - UC or EV or EV UC certificate?

    - by Abdel Olakara
    We are implementing Exchange 2010 server and an eCommerce site. Both of these need certificates and I am confused what to use? I know Exchange need UC certificate. Can I use it for the ecommerce site as well? I did read EV is recommended for web sites.. I would like to know what to use and the recommended procedures. Here how we will be using the certificates: We are planning to use *.net for testing Exchange server Will be using *.com for Exchange server (Production) Will be using *.com for ecommerce site (Production) I also heard about certificates which are both EV UC.. please recommend the correct certificates to use.

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  • What is recommended - UC or EV or EV UC certificate?

    - by Abdel Olakara
    Hi all, We are implementing Exchange 2010 server and an eCommerce site. Both of these need certificates and I am confused what to use? I know Exchange need UC certificate. Can I use it for the ecommerce site as well? I did read EV is recommended for web sites.. I would like to know what to use and the recommended procedures. Here how we will be using the certificates: We are planning to use *.net for testing Exchange server Will be using *.com for Exchange server (Production) Will be using *.com for ecommerce site (Production) I also heard about certificates which are both EV UC.. please recommend the correct certificates to use. Thanks in advance.

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  • Software/IT security training and certificate

    - by 5YrsLaterDBA
    I am thinking about attending software security training and getting software security certificate. (or IT security in general.) I am in MA Boston area. I am new in software security field and need to know this field for current project and/or future job. Any suggestion about the training and certificate? thanks, EDIT: How about this course and certificate? http://scpd.stanford.edu/public/category/courseCategoryCertificateProfile.do?method=load&from=courseprofile&certificateId=3575647#searchResults

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