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• PyQt4: Scrollbar doesn't show in scrollarea when resizing dockWidget

  - by Whospal

  I created a python test program (Test_InfoPanel.py) that has MainWindow with dockWidget, and within it, a tabWidget with scrollArea widget. However, when I resize the MainWindow, the vertical scrollbar doesn't auto-appear when the Similarly, when I undock the dockWidget & resize, the vertical scrollbar doesn't auto-appear. Pls help! Test Program (Test_InfoPanel.py): #!/usr/bin/env python # Filename: Test_InfoPanel.py # Date: 2012-Sep-18 ''' This program test the scrollarea to show scrollbars for the InfoPanel_UI. ''' import sys from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) # Look and feel changed to 'Cleanlooks'. app.setStyle('Cleanlooks') from InfoPanel_UI import Ui_MainWindow_InfoPanel AppWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow() ui = Ui_MainWindow_InfoPanel() ui.setupUi(AppWindow) ui.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setCurrentWidget(ui.scrollArea_Info_Panel) AppWindow.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) Generated *.ui script (InfoPanel_UI.py): # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'InfoPanel.ui' # # Created: Wed Sep 19 13:11:06 2012 # by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.9.4 # # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost! from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui try: _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 except AttributeError: _fromUtf8 = lambda s: s class Ui_MainWindow_InfoPanel(object): def setupUi(self, MainWindow_InfoPanel): MainWindow_InfoPanel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow_InfoPanel")) MainWindow_InfoPanel.resize(602, 263) MainWindow_InfoPanel.setDocumentMode(False) self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow_InfoPanel) self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget")) MainWindow_InfoPanel.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget) self.statusbar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow_InfoPanel) self.statusbar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusbar")) MainWindow_InfoPanel.setStatusBar(self.statusbar) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel = QtGui.QDockWidget(MainWindow_InfoPanel) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(300, 140)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setBold(True) font.setItalic(True) font.setWeight(75) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setFont(font) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.LeftToRight) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setAllowedAreas(QtCore.Qt.LeftDockWidgetArea|QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("dockWidget_Info_Panel")) self.dockWidgetContents_Info_Panel = QtGui.QWidget() self.dockWidgetContents_Info_Panel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("dockWidgetContents_Info_Panel")) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel = QtGui.QTabWidget(self.dockWidgetContents_Info_Panel) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 300, 215)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setBold(False) font.setItalic(False) font.setWeight(50) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setFont(font) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("tabWidget_Info_Panel")) self.tab_1 = QtGui.QWidget() self.tab_1.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("tab_1")) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel = QtGui.QScrollArea(self.tab_1) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(9, 9, 271, 171)) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel.setWidgetResizable(True) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("scrollArea_Info_Panel")) self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtGui.QWidget() self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 269, 169)) self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("scrollAreaWidgetContents")) self.frame_Info_Panel = QtGui.QFrame(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents) self.frame_Info_Panel.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 261, 161)) self.frame_Info_Panel.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("frame_Info_Panel")) self.label_Eqpt_Model = QtGui.QLabel(self.frame_Info_Panel) self.label_Eqpt_Model.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 111, 27)) self.label_Eqpt_Model.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_Eqpt_Model")) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.frame_Info_Panel) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model.setEnabled(False) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 10, 111, 27)) palette = QtGui.QPalette() brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model.setPalette(palette) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_Eqpt_Model")) self.label_State = QtGui.QLabel(self.frame_Info_Panel) self.label_State.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 40, 111, 27)) self.label_State.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_State")) self.lineEdit_State = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.frame_Info_Panel) self.lineEdit_State.setEnabled(False) self.lineEdit_State.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 40, 111, 27)) palette = QtGui.QPalette() brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) self.lineEdit_State.setPalette(palette) self.lineEdit_State.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_State")) self.groupBox_Current_Position = QtGui.QGroupBox(self.frame_Info_Panel) self.groupBox_Current_Position.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 70, 241, 91)) palette = QtGui.QPalette() brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(170, 255, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 255, 63)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(56, 170, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(170, 255, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(170, 255, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 255, 63)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(56, 170, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(170, 255, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(170, 255, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 255, 63)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(56, 170, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(42, 127, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(85, 255, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush) self.groupBox_Current_Position.setPalette(palette) self.groupBox_Current_Position.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("groupBox_Current_Position")) self.label_Current_Position_X = QtGui.QLabel(self.groupBox_Current_Position) self.label_Current_Position_X.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 41, 27)) self.label_Current_Position_X.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_Current_Position_X")) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.groupBox_Current_Position) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X.setEnabled(False) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 20, 161, 27)) palette = QtGui.QPalette() brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X.setPalette(palette) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_Current_Position_X")) self.label_Current_Position_Y = QtGui.QLabel(self.groupBox_Current_Position) self.label_Current_Position_Y.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 50, 41, 27)) self.label_Current_Position_Y.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_Current_Position_Y")) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.groupBox_Current_Position) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y.setEnabled(False) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 50, 161, 27)) palette = QtGui.QPalette() brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(60, 60, 60)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127)) brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern) palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y.setPalette(palette) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_Current_Position_Y")) self.scrollArea_Info_Panel.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.addTab(self.tab_1, _fromUtf8("")) self.tab_2 = QtGui.QWidget() self.tab_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("tab_2")) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.addTab(self.tab_2, _fromUtf8("")) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setWidget(self.dockWidgetContents_Info_Panel) MainWindow_InfoPanel.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea(2), self.dockWidget_Info_Panel) self.retranslateUi(MainWindow_InfoPanel) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setCurrentIndex(0) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow_InfoPanel) def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow_InfoPanel): MainWindow_InfoPanel.setWindowTitle(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "MainWindow Info Panel", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.dockWidget_Info_Panel.setWindowTitle(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Info Panel", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.label_Eqpt_Model.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Eqpt Model:", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.lineEdit_Eqpt_Model.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "ABC", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.label_State.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "State:", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.lineEdit_State.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Working", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.groupBox_Current_Position.setTitle(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Current Position:", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.label_Current_Position_X.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "X =", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_X.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "1000.00 m", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.label_Current_Position_Y.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Y =", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.lineEdit_Current_Position_Y.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "1000.00 m", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setTabText(self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.indexOf(self.tab_1), QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Info_Pg 1", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.setTabText(self.tabWidget_Info_Panel.indexOf(self.tab_2), QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow_InfoPanel", "Info_Pg 2", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8)) PS: I initially created the mainWindow as a Dialog, but realized that after undock & redock, the dockWidget doesn't dock properly. Somehow there's an offset. This doesn't seem to be a problem if the mainWindow is a QtGui.QMainWindow instead of a QtGui.QDialog.

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• Python - Polymorphism in wxPython, What's wrong?

  - by Wallter

  I am trying to wright a simple custom button in wx.Python. My code is as follows, an error is thrown on line 19 of my "Custom_Button.py" - What is going on? I can find no help online for this error and have a suspicion that it has to do with the Polymorphism. (As a side note: I am relatively new to python having come from C++ and C# any help on syntax and function of the code would be great! - knowing that, it could be a simple error. thanks!) Error def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, NORM_BMP, PUSH_BMP, MOUSE_OVER_BMP, **kwargs): SyntaxError: non-default argument follows default argument Main.py class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, ID, title): wxFrame.__init__(self, parent, ID, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 400)) self.CreateStatusBar() self.SetStatusText("Program testing custom button overlays") menu = wxMenu() menu.Append(ID_ABOUT, "&About", "More information about this program") menu.AppendSeparator() menu.Append(ID_EXIT, "E&xit", "Terminate the program") menuBar = wxMenuBar() menuBar.Append(menu, "&File"); self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) self.Button1 = Custom_Button(self, parent, -1, "D:/Documents/Python/Normal.bmp", "D:/Documents/Python/Clicked.bmp", "D:/Documents/Python/Over.bmp", "None", wx.Point(200,200), wx.Size(300,100)) EVT_MENU(self, ID_ABOUT, self.OnAbout) EVT_MENU(self, ID_EXIT, self.TimeToQuit) def OnAbout(self, event): dlg = wxMessageDialog(self, "Testing the functions of custom " "buttons using pyDev and wxPython", "About", wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION) dlg.ShowModal() dlg.Destroy() def TimeToQuit(self, event): self.Close(true) class MyApp(wx.App): def OnInit(self): frame = MyFrame(NULL, -1, "wxPython | Buttons") frame.Show(true) self.SetTopWindow(frame) return true app = MyApp(0) app.MainLoop() Custom Button import wx from wxPython.wx import * class Custom_Button(wx.PyControl): ############################################ ##THE ERROR IS BEING THROWN SOME WHERE IN HERE ## ############################################ # The BMP's Mouse_over_bmp = wx.Bitmap(0) # When the mouse is over Norm_bmp = wx.Bitmap(0) # The normal BMP Push_bmp = wx.Bitmap(0) # The down BMP Pos_bmp = wx.Point(0,0) # The posisition of the button def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, NORM_BMP, PUSH_BMP, MOUSE_OVER_BMP, text="", pos, size, **kwargs): wx.PyControl.__init__(self,parent, id, **kwargs) # Set the BMP's to the ones given in the constructor self.Mouse_over_bmp = wx.Bitmap(MOUSE_OVER_BMP) self.Norm_bmp = wx.Bitmap(NORM_BMP) self.Push_bmp = wx.Bitmap(PUSH_BMP) self.Pos_bmp = pos ############################################ ##THE ERROR IS BEING THROWN SOME WHERE IN HERE ## ############################################ self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self._onMouseDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self._onMouseUp) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEAVE_WINDOW, self._onMouseLeave) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ENTER_WINDOW, self._onMouseEnter) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self._onEraseBackground) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self._onPaint) self._mouseIn = self._mouseDown = False def _onMouseEnter(self, event): self._mouseIn = True def _onMouseLeave(self, event): self._mouseIn = False def _onMouseDown(self, event): self._mouseDown = True def _onMouseUp(self, event): self._mouseDown = False self.sendButtonEvent() def sendButtonEvent(self): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED, self.GetId()) event.SetInt(0) event.SetEventObject(self) self.GetEventHandler().ProcessEvent(event) def _onEraseBackground(self,event): # reduce flicker pass def _onPaint(self, event): dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp) # draw whatever you want to draw # draw glossy bitmaps e.g. dc.DrawBitmap if self._mouseIn: # If the Mouse is over the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Mouse_over_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False) if self._mouseDown: # If the Mouse clicks the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Push_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False)

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• Python - wxPython custom button -> unbound method __init__()? what?

  - by Wallter

  After looking at questions like this it doesn't make sense that my __init__(self, parrent, id) would be throwing a unbound error? help? main.py import wx from customButton import customButton from wxPython.wx import * class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, ID, title): wxFrame.__init__(self, parent, ID, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 400)) # Non-important code here... # This is the first declaration of the Button1 # This is also where the ERROR is thrown. # Omitting this line causes the window to execute # flawlessly. self.Button1 = customButton.__init__(self, parent, -1) # ... finishes in a basic wx.program style... customButton.py # I've included all of the code in the file # because have no idea where the bug/error happens import wx from wxPython.wx import * class Custom_Button(wx.PyControl): # The BMP's Over_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # When the mouse is over Norm_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The normal BMP Push_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The down BMP def __init__(self, parent, id, **kwargs): wx.PyControl.__init__(self,parent, id, **kwargs) # Set the BMP's to the ones given in the constructor #self.Over_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(MOUSE_OVER_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Norm_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(NORM_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Push_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(PUSH_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) #self.Pos_bmp = self.pos self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self._onMouseDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self._onMouseUp) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEAVE_WINDOW, self._onMouseLeave) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ENTER_WINDOW, self._onMouseEnter) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self._onEraseBackground) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self._onPaint) self._mouseIn = self._mouseDown = False def _onMouseEnter(self, event): self._mouseIn = True def _onMouseLeave(self, event): self._mouseIn = False def _onMouseDown(self, event): self._mouseDown = True def _onMouseUp(self, event): self._mouseDown = False self.sendButtonEvent() def sendButtonEvent(self): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED, self.GetId()) event.SetInt(0) event.SetEventObject(self) self.GetEventHandler().ProcessEvent(event) def _onEraseBackground(self,event): # reduce flicker pass def _onPaint(self, event): dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp) # draw whatever you want to draw # draw glossy bitmaps e.g. dc.DrawBitmap if self._mouseIn: # If the Mouse is over the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Mouse_over_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False) if self._mouseDown: # If the Mouse clicks the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Push_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False)

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• Writing good tests for Django applications

  - by Ludwik Trammer

  I've never written any tests in my life, but I'd like to start writing tests for my Django projects. I've read some articles about tests and decided to try to write some tests for an extremely simple Django app or a start. The app has two views (a list view, and a detail view) and a model with four fields: class News(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=250) content = models.TextField() pub_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now) slug = models.SlugField(unique=True) I would like to show you my tests.py file and ask: Does it make sense? Am I even testing for the right things? Are there best practices I'm not following, and you could point me to? my tests.py (it contains 11 tests): # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from django.test import TestCase from django.test.client import Client from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse import datetime from someproject.myapp.models import News class viewTest(TestCase): def setUp(self): self.test_title = u'Test title: bareksc' self.test_content = u'This is a content 156' self.test_slug = u'test-title-bareksc' self.test_pub_date = datetime.datetime.today() self.test_item = News.objects.create( title=self.test_title, content=self.test_content, slug=self.test_slug, pub_date=self.test_pub_date, ) client = Client() self.response_detail = client.get(self.test_item.get_absolute_url()) self.response_index = client.get(reverse('the-list-view')) def test_detail_status_code(self): """ HTTP status code for the detail view """ self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_detail.status_code, 200) def test_list_status_code(self): """ HTTP status code for the list view """ self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_index.status_code, 200) def test_list_numer_of_items(self): self.failUnlessEqual(len(self.response_index.context['object_list']), 1) def test_detail_title(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_detail.context['object'].title, self.test_title) def test_list_title(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_index.context['object_list'][0].title, self.test_title) def test_detail_content(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_detail.context['object'].content, self.test_content) def test_list_content(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_index.context['object_list'][0].content, self.test_content) def test_detail_slug(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_detail.context['object'].slug, self.test_slug) def test_list_slug(self): self.failUnlessEqual(self.response_index.context['object_list'][0].slug, self.test_slug) def test_detail_template(self): self.assertContains(self.response_detail, self.test_title) self.assertContains(self.response_detail, self.test_content) def test_list_template(self): self.assertContains(self.response_index, self.test_title)

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• Yes, another thread question...

  - by Michael

  I can't understand why I am loosing control of my GUI even though I am implementing a thread to play a .wav file. Can someone pin point what is incorrect? #!/usr/bin/env python import wx, pyaudio, wave, easygui, thread, time, os, sys, traceback, threading import wx.lib.delayedresult as inbg isPaused = False isStopped = False class Frame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self): print 'Frame' wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=None, id=-1, title="Jasmine", size=(720, 300)) #initialize panel panel = wx.Panel(self, -1) #initialize grid bag sizer = wx.GridBagSizer(hgap=20, vgap=20) #initialize buttons exitButton = wx.Button(panel, wx.ID_ANY, "Exit") pauseButton = wx.Button(panel, wx.ID_ANY, 'Pause') prevButton = wx.Button(panel, wx.ID_ANY, 'Prev') nextButton = wx.Button(panel, wx.ID_ANY, 'Next') stopButton = wx.Button(panel, wx.ID_ANY, 'Stop') #add widgets to sizer sizer.Add(pauseButton, pos=(1,10)) sizer.Add(prevButton, pos=(1,11)) sizer.Add(nextButton, pos=(1,12)) sizer.Add(stopButton, pos=(1,13)) sizer.Add(exitButton, pos=(5,13)) #initialize song time gauge #timeGauge = wx.Gauge(panel, 20) #sizer.Add(timeGauge, pos=(3,10), span=(0, 0)) #initialize menuFile widget menuFile = wx.Menu() menuFile.Append(0, "L&oad") menuFile.Append(1, "E&xit") menuBar = wx.MenuBar() menuBar.Append(menuFile, "&File") menuAbout = wx.Menu() menuAbout.Append(2, "A&bout...") menuAbout.AppendSeparator() menuBar.Append(menuAbout, "Help") self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) self.CreateStatusBar() self.SetStatusText("Welcome to Jasime!") #place sizer on panel panel.SetSizer(sizer) #initialize icon self.cd_image = wx.Image('cd_icon.png', wx.BITMAP_TYPE_PNG) self.temp = self.cd_image.ConvertToBitmap() self.size = self.temp.GetWidth(), self.temp.GetHeight() wx.StaticBitmap(parent=panel, bitmap=self.temp) #set binding self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnQuit, id=exitButton.GetId()) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.pause, id=pauseButton.GetId()) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.stop, id=stopButton.GetId()) self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.loadFile, id=0) self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=1) self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnAbout, id=2) #Load file usiing FileDialog, and create a thread for user control while running the file def loadFile(self, event): foo = wx.FileDialog(self, message="Open a .wav file...", defaultDir=os.getcwd(), defaultFile="", style=wx.FD_MULTIPLE) foo.ShowModal() self.queue = foo.GetPaths() self.threadID = 1 while len(self.queue) != 0: self.song = myThread(self.threadID, self.queue[0]) self.song.start() while self.song.isAlive(): time.sleep(2) self.queue.pop(0) self.threadID += 1 def OnQuit(self, event): self.Close() def OnAbout(self, event): wx.MessageBox("This is a great cup of tea.", "About Jasmine", wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION, self) def pause(self, event): global isPaused isPaused = not isPaused def stop(self, event): global isStopped isStopped = not isStopped class myThread (threading.Thread): def __init__(self, threadID, wf): self.threadID = threadID self.wf = wf threading.Thread.__init__(self) def run(self): global isPaused global isStopped self.waveFile = wave.open(self.wf, 'rb') #initialize stream self.p = pyaudio.PyAudio() self.stream = self.p.open(format = self.p.get_format_from_width(self.waveFile.getsampwidth()), channels = self.waveFile.getnchannels(), rate = self.waveFile.getframerate(), output = True) self.data = self.waveFile.readframes(1024) isPaused = False isStopped = False #main play loop, with pause event checking while self.data != '': # while isPaused != True: # if isStopped == False: self.stream.write(self.data) self.data = self.waveFile.readframes(1024) # elif isStopped == True: # self.stream.close() # self.p.terminate() self.stream.close() self.p.terminate() class App(wx.App): def OnInit(self): self.frame = Frame() self.frame.Show() self.SetTopWindow(self.frame) return True def main(): app = App() app.MainLoop() if __name__=='__main__': main()

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• Python 4 step setup with progressBars

  - by Samuel Taylor

  I'm having a problem with the code below. When I run it the progress bar will pulse for around 10 secs as meant to and then move on to downloading and will show the progress but when finished it will not move on to the next step it just locks up. import sys import time import pygtk import gtk import gobject import threading import urllib import urlparse class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): def __init__ (self, function, parent, arg = None): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.function = function self.parent = parent self.arg = arg self.parent.still_working = True def run(self): # when does "run" get executed? self.parent.still_working = True if self.arg == None: self.function() else: self.function(self.arg) self.parent.still_working = False def stop(self): self = None class MainWindow: def __init__(self): gtk.gdk.threads_init() self.wTree = gtk.Builder() self.wTree.add_from_file("gui.glade") self.mainWindows() def mainWindows(self): self.mainWindow = self.wTree.get_object("frmMain") dic = { "on_btnNext_clicked" : self.mainWindowNext, } self.wTree.connect_signals(dic) self.mainWindow.show() self.installerStep = 0 # 0 = none, 1 = preinstall, 2 = download, 3 = install info, 4 = install #gtk.main() self.mainWindowNext() def pulse(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").pulse() if self.still_working == False: self.mainWindowNext() return self.still_working def preinstallStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 1 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def downloadStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 2 urllib.urlretrieve('http://mozilla.mirrors.evolva.ro//firefox/releases/3.6.3/win32/en-US/Firefox%20Setup%203.6.3.exe', '/tmp/firefox.exe', self.updateHook) self.mainWindowNext() def updateHook(self, blocks, blockSize, totalSize): percentage = float ( blocks * blockSize ) / totalSize if percentage > 1: percentage = 1 self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(percentage) while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() def installInfoStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(1) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(1) self.installerStep = 3 def installStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 4 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def mainWindowNext(self, widget = None): if self.installerStep == 0: self.preinstallStep() elif self.installerStep == 1: self.downloadStep() elif self.installerStep == 2: self.installInfoStep() elif self.installerStep == 3: self.installStep() elif self.installerStep == 4: sys.exit(0) def heavyWork(self): time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': MainWindow() gtk.main()

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• Multiple data series in real time plot

  - by Gr3n

  Hi, I'm kind of new to Python and trying to create a plotting app for values read via RS232 from a sensor. I've managed (after some reading and copying examples online) to get a plot working that updates on a timer which is great. My only trouble is that I can't manage to get multiple data series into the same plot. Does anyone have a solution to this? This is the code that I've worked out this far: import os import pprint import random import sys import wx # The recommended way to use wx with mpl is with the WXAgg backend import matplotlib matplotlib.use('WXAgg') from matplotlib.figure import Figure from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigCanvas, NavigationToolbar2WxAgg as NavigationToolbar import numpy as np import pylab DATA_LENGTH = 100 REDRAW_TIMER_MS = 20 def getData(): return int(random.uniform(1000, 1020)) class GraphFrame(wx.Frame): # the main frame of the application def __init__(self): wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, -1, "Usart plotter", size=(800,600)) self.Centre() self.data = [] self.paused = False self.create_menu() self.create_status_bar() self.create_main_panel() self.redraw_timer = wx.Timer(self) self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.on_redraw_timer, self.redraw_timer) self.redraw_timer.Start(REDRAW_TIMER_MS) def create_menu(self): self.menubar = wx.MenuBar() menu_file = wx.Menu() m_expt = menu_file.Append(-1, "&Save plot\tCtrl-S", "Save plot to file") self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.on_save_plot, m_expt) menu_file.AppendSeparator() m_exit = menu_file.Append(-1, "E&xit\tCtrl-X", "Exit") self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.on_exit, m_exit) self.menubar.Append(menu_file, "&File") self.SetMenuBar(self.menubar) def create_main_panel(self): self.panel = wx.Panel(self) self.init_plot() self.canvas = FigCanvas(self.panel, -1, self.fig) # pause button self.pause_button = wx.Button(self.panel, -1, "Pause") self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_pause_button, self.pause_button) self.Bind(wx.EVT_UPDATE_UI, self.on_update_pause_button, self.pause_button) self.hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) self.hbox1.Add(self.pause_button, border=5, flag=wx.ALL | wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL) self.vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) self.vbox.Add(self.canvas, 1, flag=wx.LEFT | wx.TOP | wx.GROW) self.vbox.Add(self.hbox1, 0, flag=wx.ALIGN_LEFT | wx.TOP) self.panel.SetSizer(self.vbox) #self.vbox.Fit(self) def create_status_bar(self): self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar() def init_plot(self): self.dpi = 100 self.fig = Figure((3.0, 3.0), dpi=self.dpi) self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111) self.axes.set_axis_bgcolor('white') self.axes.set_title('Usart data', size=12) pylab.setp(self.axes.get_xticklabels(), fontsize=8) pylab.setp(self.axes.get_yticklabels(), fontsize=8) # plot the data as a line series, and save the reference # to the plotted line series # self.plot_data = self.axes.plot( self.data, linewidth=1, color="blue", )[0] def draw_plot(self): # redraws the plot xmax = len(self.data) if len(self.data) > DATA_LENGTH else DATA_LENGTH xmin = xmax - DATA_LENGTH ymin = 0 ymax = 4096 self.axes.set_xbound(lower=xmin, upper=xmax) self.axes.set_ybound(lower=ymin, upper=ymax) # enable grid #self.axes.grid(True, color='gray') # Using setp here is convenient, because get_xticklabels # returns a list over which one needs to explicitly # iterate, and setp already handles this. # pylab.setp(self.axes.get_xticklabels(), visible=True) self.plot_data.set_xdata(np.arange(len(self.data))) self.plot_data.set_ydata(np.array(self.data)) self.canvas.draw() def on_pause_button(self, event): self.paused = not self.paused def on_update_pause_button(self, event): label = "Resume" if self.paused else "Pause" self.pause_button.SetLabel(label) def on_save_plot(self, event): file_choices = "PNG (*.png)|*.png" dlg = wx.FileDialog( self, message="Save plot as...", defaultDir=os.getcwd(), defaultFile="plot.png", wildcard=file_choices, style=wx.SAVE) if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: path = dlg.GetPath() self.canvas.print_figure(path, dpi=self.dpi) self.flash_status_message("Saved to %s" % path) def on_redraw_timer(self, event): if not self.paused: newData = getData() self.data.append(newData) self.draw_plot() def on_exit(self, event): self.Destroy() def flash_status_message(self, msg, flash_len_ms=1500): self.statusbar.SetStatusText(msg) self.timeroff = wx.Timer(self) self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.on_flash_status_off, self.timeroff) self.timeroff.Start(flash_len_ms, oneShot=True) def on_flash_status_off(self, event): self.statusbar.SetStatusText('') if __name__ == '__main__': app = wx.PySimpleApp() app.frame = GraphFrame() app.frame.Show() app.MainLoop()

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• python geometry help

  - by Enriquev

  Hello, I have the following problem, I am trying to find the following distances (F1 and F2): This is what I have as of now: def FindArrow(self, X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3): self.X1 = float(X1) self.Y1 = float(Y1) self.X2 = float(X2) self.Y2 = float(Y2) self.X3 = float(X3) self.Y3 = float(Y3) #center coords of the circle self.Xc = None self.Yc = None #radius self.R = None #F1 and F2 self.FAB = None self.FBC = None #check if the coordinates are collinear invalide = self.X1 * (self.Y2 - self.Y3) + self.X2 * (self.Y3 - self.Y1) + self.X3 * (self.Y1 - self.Y2) if (invalide == 0): return #get the coords of the circle's center s = (0.5 * ((self.X2 - self.X3)*(self.X1 - self.X3) - (self.Y2 - self.Y3) * (self.Y3 - self.Y1))) / invalide self.Xc = 0.5 * (self.X1 + self.X2) + s * (self.Y2 - self.Y1) self.Yc = 0.5 * (self.Y1 + self.Y2) + s * (self.X1 - self.X2) #get the radius self.R = math.sqrt(math.pow(self.Xc - self.X1, 2) + math.pow(self.Yc - self.Y1, 2)) Until here everything seems to work, now what would be the next steps to get F1 and F2 ?

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• Python 4 steps setup with progressBars

  - by Samuel Taylor

  I'm having a problem with the code below. When I run it the progress bar will pulse for around 10 secs as meant to and then move on to downloading and will show the progress but when finished it will not move on to the next step it just locks up. import sys import time import pygtk import gtk import gobject import threading import urllib import urlparse class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): def __init__ (self, function, parent, arg = None): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.function = function self.parent = parent self.arg = arg self.parent.still_working = True def run(self): # when does "run" get executed? self.parent.still_working = True if self.arg == None: self.function() else: self.function(self.arg) self.parent.still_working = False def stop(self): self = None class MainWindow: def __init__(self): gtk.gdk.threads_init() self.wTree = gtk.Builder() self.wTree.add_from_file("gui.glade") self.mainWindows() def mainWindows(self): self.mainWindow = self.wTree.get_object("frmMain") dic = { "on_btnNext_clicked" : self.mainWindowNext, } self.wTree.connect_signals(dic) self.mainWindow.show() self.installerStep = 0 # 0 = none, 1 = preinstall, 2 = download, 3 = install info, 4 = install #gtk.main() self.mainWindowNext() def pulse(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").pulse() if self.still_working == False: self.mainWindowNext() return self.still_working def preinstallStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 1 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def downloadStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 2 urllib.urlretrieve('http://mozilla.mirrors.evolva.ro//firefox/releases/3.6.3/win32/en-US/Firefox%20Setup%203.6.3.exe', '/tmp/firefox.exe', self.updateHook) self.mainWindowNext() def updateHook(self, blocks, blockSize, totalSize): percentage = float ( blocks * blockSize ) / totalSize if percentage > 1: percentage = 1 self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(percentage) while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() def installInfoStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(1) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(1) self.installerStep = 3 def installStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 4 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def mainWindowNext(self, widget = None): if self.installerStep == 0: self.preinstallStep() elif self.installerStep == 1: self.downloadStep() elif self.installerStep == 2: self.installInfoStep() elif self.installerStep == 3: self.installStep() elif self.installerStep == 4: sys.exit(0) def heavyWork(self): time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': MainWindow() gtk.main() I have a feeling that its something to do with: while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() Is there a better way of doing this?

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• Problem with for-loop in python

  - by Protean

  This code is supposed to be able to sort the items in self.array based upon the order of the characters in self.order. The method sort runs properly until the third iteration, unil for some reason the for loop seems to repeat indefinitely. What is going on here? class sorting_class: def __init__(self): self.array = ['ca', 'bd', 'ac', 'ab'] #An array of strings self.arrayt = [] self.globali = 0 self.globalii = 0 self.order = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] #Order of characters self.orderi = 0 self.carry = [] self.leave = [] self.sortedlist = [] def sort(self): for arrayi in self.arrayt: #This should only loop for the number items in self.arrayt. However, the third time this is run it seems to loop indefinitely. print ('run', arrayi) #Shows the problem if self.order[self.orderi] == arrayi[self.globali]: self.carry.append(arrayi) else: if self.globali != 0: self.leave.append(arrayi) def srt(self): self.arrayt = self.array my.sort() #First this runs the first time. while len(self.sortedlist) != len(self.array): if len(self.carry) == 1: self.sortedlist.append(self.carry) self.arrayt = self.leave self.leave = [] self.carry = [] self.globali = 1 self.orderi = 0 my.sort() elif len(self.carry) == 0: if len(self.leave) != 0: #Because nothing matches 'aa' during the second iteration, this code runs the third time" self.arrayt = self.leave self.globali = 1 self.orderi += 1 my.sort() else: self.arrayt = self.array self.globalii += 1 self.orderi = self.globalii self.globali = 0 my.sort() self.orderi = 0 else: #This is what runs the second time. self.arrayt = self.carry self.carry = [] self.globali += 1 my.sort() my = sorting_class() my.srt()

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• How to use short breaks at work effectively for self-development?

  - by Alaudo

  At the moment my daily work as a developer requires me to have short 10-20 min breaks after every 2-3 hours. It would be nice if I could use those effectively to improve my expertise in programming or CS in general. I tried several things: Reading jokes online gets boring very soon. Trying to solve some (even the most simple) tasks from different code contests requires more time, as long as I have some idea of an algorithm the time is over. Reading a randomly picked Wikipedia-article about Computer Science: depending upon the article sometimes it requires more time and is not an easy reading for a break. So, I ended up reading StackOverflow questions and answers with most votes: that is entertaining and educative. Do you have any other suggestions?

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• How to update a QPixmap in a QGraphicsView with PyQt

  - by pops

  I am trying to paint on a QPixmap inside a QGraphicsView. The painting works fine, but the QGraphicsView doesn't update it. Here is some working code: #!/usr/bin/env python from PyQt4 import QtCore from PyQt4 import QtGui class Canvas(QtGui.QPixmap): """ Canvas for drawing""" def __init__(self, parent=None): QtGui.QPixmap.__init__(self, 64, 64) self.parent = parent self.imH = 64 self.imW = 64 self.fill(QtGui.QColor(0, 255, 255)) self.color = QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0) def paintEvent(self, point=False): if point: p = QtGui.QPainter(self) p.setPen(QtGui.QPen(self.color, 1, QtCore.Qt.SolidLine)) p.drawPoints(point) def clic(self, mouseX, mouseY): self.paintEvent(QtCore.QPoint(mouseX, mouseY)) class GraphWidget(QtGui.QGraphicsView): """ Display, zoom, pan...""" def __init__(self): QtGui.QGraphicsView.__init__(self) self.im = Canvas(self) self.imH = self.im.height() self.imW = self.im.width() self.zoomN = 1 self.scene = QtGui.QGraphicsScene(self) self.scene.setItemIndexMethod(QtGui.QGraphicsScene.NoIndex) self.scene.setSceneRect(0, 0, self.imW, self.imH) self.scene.addPixmap(self.im) self.setScene(self.scene) self.setTransformationAnchor(QtGui.QGraphicsView.AnchorUnderMouse) self.setResizeAnchor(QtGui.QGraphicsView.AnchorViewCenter) self.setMinimumSize(400, 400) self.setWindowTitle("pix") def mousePressEvent(self, event): if event.buttons() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton: pos = self.mapToScene(event.pos()) self.im.clic(pos.x(), pos.y()) #~ self.scene.update(0,0,64,64) #~ self.updateScene([QtCore.QRectF(0,0,64,64)]) self.scene.addPixmap(self.im) print('items') print(self.scene.items()) else: return QtGui.QGraphicsView.mousePressEvent(self, event) def wheelEvent(self, event): if event.delta() > 0: self.scaleView(2) elif event.delta() < 0: self.scaleView(0.5) def scaleView(self, factor): n = self.zoomN * factor if n < 1 or n > 16: return self.zoomN = n self.scale(factor, factor) if __name__ == '__main__': import sys app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) widget = GraphWidget() widget.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) The mousePressEvent does some painting on the QPixmap. But the only solution I have found to update the display is to make a new instance (which is not a good solution). How do I just update it?

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• Objective-C : Changing "self" value inside self

  - by Oliver

  Hello, I have a category on NSDate, and I want to implement some functions to manipulate the date, like : NSDate *thedate = [NSDate date]; [thedate setToMidnight]; so I have a function in NSDate like : -(void)setToMidnight { some code with calendars and comps self = theNewDate; } This works inside the function, but outside this member function, thedate has not changed. I understand this malfunction because I've been told that self is just a local variable created inside the member function. So, how can I make this work ? Of course, I could have written : thedate = [thedate dateAsMidnightDate] or thedate = [NSDate dateAtMidnightFromDate:thedate] but I feel it has more sense inside the instance class, as I don't want to change the date but just adjust some values of the previously created one. Can you help me to achieve this ?

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• Where can these be posted besides the Python Cookbook?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Whitespace Assembler #! /usr/bin/env python """Assembler.py Compiles a program from "Assembly" folder into "Program" folder. Can be executed directly by double-click or on the command line. Give name of *.WSA file without extension (example: stack_calc).""" ################################################################################ __author__ = 'Stephen "Zero" Chappell <[email protected]>' __date__ = '14 March 2010' __version__ = '$Revision: 3 $' ################################################################################ import string from Interpreter import INS, MNEMONIC ################################################################################ def parse(code): program = [] process_virtual(program, code) process_control(program) return tuple(program) def process_virtual(program, code): for line, text in enumerate(code.split('\n')): if not text or text[0] == '#': continue if text.startswith('part '): parse_part(program, line, text[5:]) elif text.startswith(' '): parse_code(program, line, text[5:]) else: syntax_error(line) def syntax_error(line): raise SyntaxError('Line ' + str(line + 1)) ################################################################################ def process_control(program): parts = get_parts(program) names = dict(pair for pair in zip(parts, generate_index())) correct_control(program, names) def get_parts(program): parts = [] for ins in program: if isinstance(ins, tuple): ins, arg = ins if ins == INS.PART: if arg in parts: raise NameError('Part definition was found twice: ' + arg) parts.append(arg) return parts def generate_index(): index = 1 while True: yield index index *= -1 if index > 0: index += 1 def correct_control(program, names): for index, ins in enumerate(program): if isinstance(ins, tuple): ins, arg = ins if ins in HAS_LABEL: if arg not in names: raise NameError('Part definition was never found: ' + arg) program[index] = (ins, names[arg]) ################################################################################ def parse_part(program, line, text): if not valid_label(text): syntax_error(line) program.append((INS.PART, text)) def valid_label(text): if not between_quotes(text): return False label = text[1:-1] if not valid_name(label): return False return True def between_quotes(text): if len(text) < 3: return False if text.count('"') != 2: return False if text[0] != '"' or text[-1] != '"': return False return True def valid_name(label): valid_characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + '_' valid_set = frozenset(valid_characters) label_set = frozenset(label) if len(label_set - valid_set) != 0: return False return True ################################################################################ from Interpreter import HAS_LABEL, Program NO_ARGS = Program.NO_ARGS HAS_ARG = Program.HAS_ARG TWO_WAY = tuple(set(NO_ARGS) & set(HAS_ARG)) ################################################################################ def parse_code(program, line, text): for ins, word in enumerate(MNEMONIC): if text.startswith(word): check_code(program, line, text[len(word):], ins) break else: syntax_error(line) def check_code(program, line, text, ins): if ins in TWO_WAY: if text: number = parse_number(line, text) program.append((ins, number)) else: program.append(ins) elif ins in HAS_LABEL: text = parse_label(line, text) program.append((ins, text)) elif ins in HAS_ARG: number = parse_number(line, text) program.append((ins, number)) elif ins in NO_ARGS: if text: syntax_error(line) program.append(ins) else: syntax_error(line) def parse_label(line, text): if not text or text[0] != ' ': syntax_error(line) text = text[1:] if not valid_label(text): syntax_error(line) return text ################################################################################ def parse_number(line, text): if not valid_number(text): syntax_error(line) return int(text) def valid_number(text): if len(text) < 2: return False if text[0] != ' ': return False text = text[1:] if '+' in text and '-' in text: return False if '+' in text: if text.count('+') != 1: return False if text[0] != '+': return False text = text[1:] if not text: return False if '-' in text: if text.count('-') != 1: return False if text[0] != '-': return False text = text[1:] if not text: return False valid_set = frozenset(string.digits) value_set = frozenset(text) if len(value_set - valid_set) != 0: return False return True ################################################################################ ################################################################################ from Interpreter import partition_number VMC_2_TRI = { (INS.PUSH, True): (0, 0), (INS.COPY, False): (0, 2, 0), (INS.COPY, True): (0, 1, 0), (INS.SWAP, False): (0, 2, 1), (INS.AWAY, False): (0, 2, 2), (INS.AWAY, True): (0, 1, 2), (INS.ADD, False): (1, 0, 0, 0), (INS.SUB, False): (1, 0, 0, 1), (INS.MUL, False): (1, 0, 0, 2), (INS.DIV, False): (1, 0, 1, 0), (INS.MOD, False): (1, 0, 1, 1), (INS.SET, False): (1, 1, 0), (INS.GET, False): (1, 1, 1), (INS.PART, True): (2, 0, 0), (INS.CALL, True): (2, 0, 1), (INS.GOTO, True): (2, 0, 2), (INS.ZERO, True): (2, 1, 0), (INS.LESS, True): (2, 1, 1), (INS.BACK, False): (2, 1, 2), (INS.EXIT, False): (2, 2, 2), (INS.OCHR, False): (1, 2, 0, 0), (INS.OINT, False): (1, 2, 0, 1), (INS.ICHR, False): (1, 2, 1, 0), (INS.IINT, False): (1, 2, 1, 1) } ################################################################################ def to_trinary(program): trinary_code = [] for ins in program: if isinstance(ins, tuple): ins, arg = ins trinary_code.extend(VMC_2_TRI[(ins, True)]) trinary_code.extend(from_number(arg)) else: trinary_code.extend(VMC_2_TRI[(ins, False)]) return tuple(trinary_code) def from_number(arg): code = [int(arg < 0)] if arg: for bit in reversed(list(partition_number(abs(arg), 2))): code.append(bit) return code + [2] return code + [0, 2] to_ws = lambda trinary: ''.join(' \t\n'[index] for index in trinary) def compile_wsa(source): program = parse(source) trinary = to_trinary(program) ws_code = to_ws(trinary) return ws_code ################################################################################ ################################################################################ import os import sys import time import traceback def main(): name, source, command_line, error = get_source() if not error: start = time.clock() try: ws_code = compile_wsa(source) except: print('ERROR: File could not be compiled.\n') traceback.print_exc() error = True else: path = os.path.join('Programs', name + '.ws') try: open(path, 'w').write(ws_code) except IOError as err: print(err) error = True else: div, mod = divmod((time.clock() - start) * 1000, 1) args = int(div), '{:.3}'.format(mod)[1:] print('DONE: Comipled in {}{} ms'.format(*args)) handle_close(error, command_line) def get_source(): if len(sys.argv) > 1: command_line = True name = sys.argv[1] else: command_line = False try: name = input('Source File: ') except: return None, None, False, True print() path = os.path.join('Assembly', name + '.wsa') try: return name, open(path).read(), command_line, False except IOError as err: print(err) return None, None, command_line, True def handle_close(error, command_line): if error: usage = 'Usage: {} <assembly>'.format(os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])) print('\n{}\n{}'.format('-' * len(usage), usage)) if not command_line: time.sleep(10) ################################################################################ if __name__ == '__main__': main() Whitespace Helpers #! /usr/bin/env python """Helpers.py Includes a function to encode Python strings into my WSA format. Has a "PRINT_LINE" function that can be copied to a WSA program. Contains a "PRINT" function and documentation as an explanation.""" ################################################################################ __author__ = 'Stephen "Zero" Chappell <[email protected]>' __date__ = '14 March 2010' __version__ = '$Revision: 1 $' ################################################################################ def encode_string(string, addr): print(' push', addr) print(' push', len(string)) print(' set') addr += 1 for offset, character in enumerate(string): print(' push', addr + offset) print(' push', ord(character)) print(' set') ################################################################################ # Prints a string with newline. # push addr # call "PRINT_LINE" """ part "PRINT_LINE" call "PRINT" push 10 ochr back """ ################################################################################ # def print(array): # if len(array) <= 0: # return # offset = 1 # while len(array) - offset >= 0: # ptr = array.ptr + offset # putch(array[ptr]) # offset += 1 """ part "PRINT" # Line 1-2 copy get less "__PRINT_RET_1" copy get zero "__PRINT_RET_1" # Line 3 push 1 # Line 4 part "__PRINT_LOOP" copy copy 2 get swap sub less "__PRINT_RET_2" # Line 5 copy 1 copy 1 add # Line 6 get ochr # Line 7 push 1 add goto "__PRINT_LOOP" part "__PRINT_RET_2" away part "__PRINT_RET_1" away back """ Whitespace Interpreter #! /usr/bin/env python """Interpreter.py Runs programs in "Programs" and creates *.WSO files when needed. Can be executed directly by double-click or on the command line. If run on command line, add "ASM" flag to dump program assembly.""" ################################################################################ __author__ = 'Stephen "Zero" Chappell <[email protected]>' __date__ = '14 March 2010' __version__ = '$Revision: 4 $' ################################################################################ def test_file(path): disassemble(parse(trinary(load(path))), True) ################################################################################ load = lambda ws: ''.join(c for r in open(ws) for c in r if c in ' \t\n') trinary = lambda ws: tuple(' \t\n'.index(c) for c in ws) ################################################################################ def enum(names): names = names.replace(',', ' ').split() space = dict((reversed(pair) for pair in enumerate(names)), __slots__=()) return type('enum', (object,), space)() INS = enum('''\ PUSH, COPY, SWAP, AWAY, \ ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, MOD, \ SET, GET, \ PART, CALL, GOTO, ZERO, LESS, BACK, EXIT, \ OCHR, OINT, ICHR, IINT''') ################################################################################ def parse(code): ins = iter(code).__next__ program = [] while True: try: imp = ins() except StopIteration: return tuple(program) if imp == 0: # [Space] parse_stack(ins, program) elif imp == 1: # [Tab] imp = ins() if imp == 0: # [Tab][Space] parse_math(ins, program) elif imp == 1: # [Tab][Tab] parse_heap(ins, program) else: # [Tab][Line] parse_io(ins, program) else: # [Line] parse_flow(ins, program) def parse_number(ins): sign = ins() if sign == 2: raise StopIteration() buffer = '' code = ins() if code == 2: raise StopIteration() while code != 2: buffer += str(code) code = ins() if sign == 1: return int(buffer, 2) * -1 return int(buffer, 2) ################################################################################ def parse_stack(ins, program): code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space] number = parse_number(ins) program.append((INS.PUSH, number)) elif code == 1: # [Tab] code = ins() number = parse_number(ins) if code == 0: # [Tab][Space] program.append((INS.COPY, number)) elif code == 1: # [Tab][Tab] raise StopIteration() else: # [Tab][Line] program.append((INS.AWAY, number)) else: # [Line] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Line][Space] program.append(INS.COPY) elif code == 1: # [Line][Tab] program.append(INS.SWAP) else: # [Line][Line] program.append(INS.AWAY) def parse_math(ins, program): code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space][Space] program.append(INS.ADD) elif code == 1: # [Space][Tab] program.append(INS.SUB) else: # [Space][Line] program.append(INS.MUL) elif code == 1: # [Tab] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Tab][Space] program.append(INS.DIV) elif code == 1: # [Tab][Tab] program.append(INS.MOD) else: # [Tab][Line] raise StopIteration() else: # [Line] raise StopIteration() def parse_heap(ins, program): code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space] program.append(INS.SET) elif code == 1: # [Tab] program.append(INS.GET) else: # [Line] raise StopIteration() def parse_io(ins, program): code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space][Space] program.append(INS.OCHR) elif code == 1: # [Space][Tab] program.append(INS.OINT) else: # [Space][Line] raise StopIteration() elif code == 1: # [Tab] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Tab][Space] program.append(INS.ICHR) elif code == 1: # [Tab][Tab] program.append(INS.IINT) else: # [Tab][Line] raise StopIteration() else: # [Line] raise StopIteration() def parse_flow(ins, program): code = ins() if code == 0: # [Space] code = ins() label = parse_number(ins) if code == 0: # [Space][Space] program.append((INS.PART, label)) elif code == 1: # [Space][Tab] program.append((INS.CALL, label)) else: # [Space][Line] program.append((INS.GOTO, label)) elif code == 1: # [Tab] code = ins() if code == 0: # [Tab][Space] label = parse_number(ins) program.append((INS.ZERO, label)) elif code == 1: # [Tab][Tab] label = parse_number(ins) program.append((INS.LESS, label)) else: # [Tab][Line] program.append(INS.BACK) else: # [Line] code = ins() if code == 2: # [Line][Line] program.append(INS.EXIT) else: # [Line][Space] or [Line][Tab] raise StopIteration() ################################################################################ MNEMONIC = '\ push copy swap away add sub mul div mod set get part \ call goto zero less back exit ochr oint ichr iint'.split() HAS_ARG = [getattr(INS, name) for name in 'PUSH COPY AWAY PART CALL GOTO ZERO LESS'.split()] HAS_LABEL = [getattr(INS, name) for name in 'PART CALL GOTO ZERO LESS'.split()] def disassemble(program, names=False): if names: names = create_names(program) for ins in program: if isinstance(ins, tuple): ins, arg = ins assert ins in HAS_ARG has_arg = True else: assert INS.PUSH <= ins <= INS.IINT has_arg = False if ins == INS.PART: if names: print(MNEMONIC[ins], '"' + names[arg] + '"') else: print(MNEMONIC[ins], arg) elif has_arg and ins in HAS_ARG: if ins in HAS_LABEL and names: assert arg in names print(' ' + MNEMONIC[ins], '"' + names[arg] + '"') else: print(' ' + MNEMONIC[ins], arg) else: print(' ' + MNEMONIC[ins]) ################################################################################ def create_names(program): names = {} number = 1 for ins in program: if isinstance(ins, tuple) and ins[0] == INS.PART: label = ins[1] assert label not in names names[label] = number_to_name(number) number += 1 return names def number_to_name(number): name = '' for offset in reversed(list(partition_number(number, 27))): if offset: name += chr(ord('A') + offset - 1) else: name += '_' return name def partition_number(number, base): div, mod = divmod(number, base) yield mod while div: div, mod = divmod(div, base) yield mod ################################################################################ CODE = (' \t\n', ' \n ', ' \t \t\n', ' \n\t', ' \n\n', ' \t\n \t\n', '\t ', '\t \t', '\t \n', '\t \t ', '\t \t\t', '\t\t ', '\t\t\t', '\n \t\n', '\n \t \t\n', '\n \n \t\n', '\n\t \t\n', '\n\t\t \t\n', '\n\t\n', '\n\n\n', '\t\n ', '\t\n \t', '\t\n\t ', '\t\n\t\t') EXAMPLE = ''.join(CODE) ################################################################################ NOTES = '''\ STACK ===== push number copy copy number swap away away number MATH ==== add sub mul div mod HEAP ==== set get FLOW ==== part label call label goto label zero label less label back exit I/O === ochr oint ichr iint''' ################################################################################ ################################################################################ class Stack: def __init__(self): self.__data = [] # Stack Operators def push(self, number): self.__data.append(number) def copy(self, number=None): if number is None: self.__data.append(self.__data[-1]) else: size = len(self.__data) index = size - number - 1 assert 0 <= index < size self.__data.append(self.__data[index]) def swap(self): self.__data[-2], self.__data[-1] = self.__data[-1], self.__data[-2] def away(self, number=None): if number is None: self.__data.pop() else: size = len(self.__data) index = size - number - 1 assert 0 <= index < size del self.__data[index:-1] # Math Operators def add(self): suffix = self.__data.pop() prefix = self.__data.pop() self.__data.append(prefix + suffix) def sub(self): suffix = self.__data.pop() prefix = self.__data.pop() self.__data.append(prefix - suffix) def mul(self): suffix = self.__data.pop() prefix = self.__data.pop() self.__data.append(prefix * suffix) def div(self): suffix = self.__data.pop() prefix = self.__data.pop() self.__data.append(prefix // suffix) def mod(self): suffix = self.__data.pop() prefix = self.__data.pop() self.__data.append(prefix % suffix) # Program Operator def pop(self): return self.__data.pop() ################################################################################ class Heap: def __init__(self): self.__data = {} def set_(self, addr, item): if item: self.__data[addr] = item elif addr in self.__data: del self.__data[addr] def get_(self, addr): return self.__data.get(addr, 0) ################################################################################ import os import zlib import msvcrt import pickle import string class CleanExit(Exception): pass NOP = lambda arg: None DEBUG_WHITESPACE = False ################################################################################ class Program: NO_ARGS = INS.COPY, INS.SWAP, INS.AWAY, INS.ADD, \ INS.SUB, INS.MUL, INS.DIV, INS.MOD, \ INS.SET, INS.GET, INS.BACK, INS.EXIT, \ INS.OCHR, INS.OINT, INS.ICHR, INS.IINT HAS_ARG = INS.PUSH, INS.COPY, INS.AWAY, INS.PART, \ INS.CALL, INS.GOTO, INS.ZERO, INS.LESS def __init__(self, code): self.__data = code self.__validate() self.__build_jump() self.__check_jump() self.__setup_exec() def __setup_exec(self): self.__iptr = 0 self.__stck = stack = Stack() self.__heap = Heap() self.__cast = [] self.__meth = (stack.push, stack.copy, stack.swap, stack.away, stack.add, stack.sub, stack.mul, stack.div, stack.mod, self.__set, self.__get, NOP, self.__call, self.__goto, self.__zero, self.__less, self.__back, self.__exit, self.__ochr, self.__oint, self.__ichr, self.__iint) def step(self): ins = self.__data[self.__iptr] self.__iptr += 1 if isinstance(ins, tuple): self.__meth[ins[0]](ins[1]) else: self.__meth[ins]() def run(self): while True: ins = self.__data[self.__iptr] self.__iptr += 1 if isinstance(ins, tuple): self.__meth[ins[0]](ins[1]) else: self.__meth[ins]() def __oint(self): for digit in str(self.__stck.pop()): msvcrt.putwch(digit) def __ichr(self): addr = self.__stck.pop() # Input Routine while msvcrt.kbhit(): msvcrt.getwch() while True: char = msvcrt.getwch() if char in '\x00\xE0': msvcrt.getwch() elif char in string.printable: char = char.replace('\r', '\n') msvcrt.putwch(char) break item = ord(char) # Storing Number self.__heap.set_(addr, item) def __iint(self): addr = self.__stck.pop() # Input Routine while msvcrt.kbhit(): msvcrt.getwch() buff = '' char = msvcrt.getwch() while char != '\r' or not buff: if char in '\x00\xE0': msvcrt.getwch() elif char in '+-' and not buff: msvcrt.putwch(char) buff += char elif '0' <= char <= '9': msvcrt.putwch(char) buff += char elif char == '\b': if buff: buff = buff[:-1] msvcrt.putwch(char) msvcrt.putwch(' ') msvcrt.putwch(char) char = msvcrt.getwch() msvcrt.putwch(char) msvcrt.putwch('\n') item = int(buff) # Storing Number self.__heap.set_(addr, item) def __goto(self, label): self.__iptr = self.__jump[label] def __zero(self, label): if self.__stck.pop() == 0: self.__iptr = self.__jump[label] def __less(self, label): if self.__stck.pop() < 0: self.__iptr = self.__jump[label] def __exit(self): self.__setup_exec() raise CleanExit() def __set(self): item = self.__stck.pop() addr = self.__stck.po

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• How do I completely self study computer science?

  - by Optimus

  Being a completely self taught programmer I would like it if I could better myself by self-learning computer science course taught to a typical CS grad. Finding different resources on internet has been easy, there is of course MIT open course ware, and there are Coursera courses from Stanford and other universities. There are numerous other open resources scattered around the Internet and some good books that are repeatedly recommended. I have been learning a lot but my study is heavily fragmented, which really bugs me, I would love If somewhere I could find a path I should follow and a stack I should limit myself to so that I can be sure about what essential parts of computer science I have studied and systematically approach those I haven't. The problem with Wikipedia is it doesn't tell you whats essential but insists on being a complete reference. MIT open course ware for Computer science and Electrical Engg. has a huge list of courses also not telling you what courses are essential and what optional as per person's interest/requirement. I found no mention of an order in which one should study different subjects. What I would love is to create a list that I can follow like this dummy one SUBJECTS DONE Introduction to Computer Science * Introduction to Algorithms * Discrete Mathematics Adv. Discrete Mathematics Data structures * Adv. Algorithms ... As you can clearly see I have little idea of what specific subjects computer science consists of. It would be hugely helpful even if some one pointed out essential courses from MIT Course ware ( + essential subjects not present at MIT OCW) in a recommended order of study. I'll list the Posts I already went through (and I didn't get what I was looking for there) Computer science curriculum for non-CS major? - top answer says it isn't worth studying cse How can a self-taught programmer learn more about Computer Science? - points to MIT OCW Studying computer science - what am I getting myself into? Overview of computer science, programming

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• Books to help self-taught programmers.

  - by RHaguiuda

  As a self-taught programmer I find myself sometimes thinking how to improve my learning skills. Are there any books out there that you recommend, that help a self-taught learning aproach? When I ask about books here, please I`m not reffering about programming books, but something more like metacognition and the process of learning.

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• Python - help on custom wx.Python (pyDev) class

  - by Wallter

  I have been hitting a dead end with this program. I am trying to build a class that will let me control the BIP's of a button when it is in use. so far this is what i have (see following.) It keeps running this weird error TypeError: 'module' object is not callable - I, coming from C++ and C# (for some reason the #include... is so much easier) , have no idea what that means, Google is of no help so... I know I need some real help with sintax and such - anything woudl be helpful. Note: The base code found here was used to create a skeleton for this 'custom button class' Custom Button import wx from wxPython.wx import * class Custom_Button(wx.PyControl): # The BMP's # AM I DOING THIS RIGHT? - I am trying to get empty 'global' # variables within the class Mouse_over_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # When the mouse is over Norm_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The normal BMP Push_bmp = None #wxEmptyBitmap(1,1,1) # The down BMP Pos_bmp = wx.Point(0,0) # The posisition of the button def __init__(self, parent, NORM_BMP, PUSH_BMP, MOUSE_OVER_BMP, pos, size, text="", id=-1, **kwargs): wx.PyControl.__init__(self,parent, id, **kwargs) # The conversions, hereafter, were to solve another but. I don't know if it is # necessary to do this since the source being given to the class (in this case) # is a BMP - is there a better way to prevent an error that i have not # stumbled accost? # Set the BMP's to the ones given in the constructor self.Mouse_over_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(MOUSE_OVER_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) self.Norm_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(NORM_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) self.Push_bmp = wx.Bitmap(wx.Image(PUSH_BMP, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY).ConvertToBitmap()) self.Pos_bmp = self.pos self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self._onMouseDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self._onMouseUp) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEAVE_WINDOW, self._onMouseLeave) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ENTER_WINDOW, self._onMouseEnter) self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self._onEraseBackground) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self._onPaint) self._mouseIn = self._mouseDown = False def _onMouseEnter(self, event): self._mouseIn = True def _onMouseLeave(self, event): self._mouseIn = False def _onMouseDown(self, event): self._mouseDown = True def _onMouseUp(self, event): self._mouseDown = False self.sendButtonEvent() def sendButtonEvent(self): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED, self.GetId()) event.SetInt(0) event.SetEventObject(self) self.GetEventHandler().ProcessEvent(event) def _onEraseBackground(self,event): # reduce flicker pass def _onPaint(self, event): dc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self) dc.SetFont(self.GetFont()) dc.SetBackground(wx.Brush(self.GetBackgroundColour())) dc.Clear() dc.DrawBitmap(self.Norm_bmp) # draw whatever you want to draw # draw glossy bitmaps e.g. dc.DrawBitmap if self._mouseIn: # If the Mouse is over the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Mouse_over_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False) if self._mouseDown: # If the Mouse clicks the button dc.DrawBitmap(self, self.Push_bmp, self.Pos_bmp, useMask=False) Main.py import wx import Custom_Button from wxPython.wx import * ID_ABOUT = 101 ID_EXIT = 102 class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, ID, title): wxFrame.__init__(self, parent, ID, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 400)) self.CreateStatusBar() self.SetStatusText("Program testing custom button overlays") menu = wxMenu() menu.Append(ID_ABOUT, "&About", "More information about this program") menu.AppendSeparator() menu.Append(ID_EXIT, "E&xit", "Terminate the program") menuBar = wxMenuBar() menuBar.Append(menu, "&File"); self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) self.Button1 = Custom_Button(self, parent, -1, "D:/Documents/Python/Normal.bmp", "D:/Documents/Python/Clicked.bmp", "D:/Documents/Python/Over.bmp", wx.Point(200,200), wx.Size(300,100)) EVT_MENU(self, ID_ABOUT, self.OnAbout) EVT_MENU(self, ID_EXIT, self.TimeToQuit) def OnAbout(self, event): dlg = wxMessageDialog(self, "Testing the functions of custom " "buttons using pyDev and wxPython", "About", wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION) dlg.ShowModal() dlg.Destroy() def TimeToQuit(self, event): self.Close(true) class MyApp(wx.App): def OnInit(self): frame = MyFrame(NULL, -1, "wxPython | Buttons") frame.Show(true) self.SetTopWindow(frame) return true app = MyApp(0) app.MainLoop() Errors (and traceback) /home/wallter/python/Custom Button overlay/src/Custom_Button.py:8: DeprecationWarning: The wxPython compatibility package is no longer automatically generated or actively maintained. Please switch to the wx package as soon as possible. I have never been able to get this to go away whenever using wxPython any help? from wxPython.wx import * Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/wallter/python/Custom Button overlay/src/Main.py", line 57, in <module> app = MyApp(0) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/wx-2.8-gtk2-unicode/wx/_core.py", line 7978, in __init__ self._BootstrapApp() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/wx-2.8-gtk2-unicode/wx/_core.py", line 7552, in _BootstrapApp return _core_.PyApp__BootstrapApp(*args, **kwargs) File "/home/wallter/python/Custom Button overlay/src/Main.py", line 52, in OnInit frame = MyFrame(NULL, -1, "wxPython | Buttons") File "/home/wallter/python/Custom Button overlay/src/Main.py", line 32, in __init__ wx.Point(200,200), wx.Size(300,100)) TypeError: 'module' object is not callable I have tried removing the "wx.Point(200,200), wx.Size(300,100))" just to have the error move up to the line above. Have I declared it right? help?

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• wxPython - ListCrtl and SQLite3

  - by Dunwitch

  I'm trying to get a SQLite3 DB to populate a wx.ListCrtl. I can get it to print to stdout/stderr without any problem. I just can't seem to figure out how to display the data in the DataWindow/DataList? I'm sure I've made some code mistakes, so any help is appreciated. Main.py import wx import wx.lib.mixins.listctrl as listmix from database import * import sys class DataWindow(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent = None): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, -1, 'DataList', size=(640,480)) self.win = DataList(self) self.Center() self.Show(True) class DataList(wx.ListCtrl, listmix.ListCtrlAutoWidthMixin, listmix.ColumnSorterMixin): def __init__(self, parent = DataWindow): wx.ListCtrl.__init__( self, parent, -1, style=wx.LC_REPORT|wx.LC_VIRTUAL|wx.LC_HRULES|wx.LC_VRULES) #building the columns self.InsertColumn(0, "Location") self.InsertColumn(1, "Address") self.InsertColumn(2, "Subnet") self.InsertColumn(3, "Gateway") self.SetColumnWidth(0, 100) self.SetColumnWidth(1, 150) self.SetColumnWidth(2, 150) self.SetColumnWidth(3, 150) class MainWindow(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent = None, id = -1, title = "MainWindow"): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size = (800,600), style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE ^ (wx.RESIZE_BORDER)) # StatusBar self.CreateStatusBar() # Filemenu filemenu = wx.Menu() # Filemenu - About menuitem = filemenu.Append(-1, "&About", "Information about this application") self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onAbout, menuitem) #Filemenu - Data menuitem = filemenu.Append(-1, "&Data", "Get data") self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onData, menuitem) # Filemenu - Seperator filemenu.AppendSeparator() #Filemenu - Exit menuitem = filemenu.Append(-1, "&Exit", "Exit the application") self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onExit, menuitem) # Menubar menubar = wx.MenuBar() menubar.Append(filemenu, "&File") self.SetMenuBar(menubar) # Show self.Show(True) self.Center() def onAbout(self, event): pass def onData(self, event): DataWindow(self) callDb = Database() sql = "SELECT rowid, address, subnet, gateway FROM pod1" records = callDb.select(sql) for v in records: print "How do I get the records on the DataList?" #print "%s%s%s" % (v[1],v[2],v[3]) #for v in records: #DataList.InsertStringItem("%s") % (v[0], v[1], v[2]) def onExit(self, event): self.Close() self.Destroy() def onSave(self, event): pass if __name__ == '__main__': app = wx.App() frame = MainWindow(None, -1) frame.Show() app.MainLoop() database.py import os import sqlite3 class Database(object): def __init__(self, db_file="data/data.sqlite"): database_allready_exists = os.path.exists(db_file) self.db = sqlite3.connect(db_file) if not database_allready_exists: self.setupDefaultData() def select(self,sql): cursor = self.db.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) records = cursor.fetchall() cursor.close return records def insert(self,sql): newID = 0 cursor = self.db.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) newID = cursor.lastrowid self.db.commit() cursor.close() return newID def save(self,sql): cursor = self.db.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) self.db.commit() cursor.close() def setupDefaultData(self): pass

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• Will be self-taught limit me?

  - by Isaiah

  I'm 21 and am pretty efficient in html/css, python, and javascript. I also know my way around lisp languages and enjoy programing in them. My problem is that I'm extremely self-taught and not quite confident that I could land a job programing, but I really need a job soon as I've just become a father. I haven't even created a resume yet because I'm not really sure what to put on it except my lone experience. So I wanted to ask, will being primarily self-taught with some experience on small projects I've done for a few clients limit me too much? I mean I know I need some kind of education so I've enrolled part time in a community college to work on a degree in computer science, but it's years till then. And if it will limit me a lot, what kind of skills would be good to work on to make my chances any better? Thank You

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• Will being self-taught limit me?

  - by Isaiah

  I'm 21 and am pretty efficient in html/css, python, and javascript. I also know my way around lisp languages and enjoy programing in them. My problem is that I'm extremely self-taught and not quite confident that I could land a job programing, but I really need a job soon as I've just become a father. I haven't even created a resume yet because I'm not really sure what to put on it except my lone experience. So I wanted to ask, will being primarily self-taught with some experience on small projects I've done for a few clients limit me too much? I mean I know I need some kind of education so I've enrolled part time in a community college to work on a degree in computer science, but it's years till then. And if it will limit me a lot, what kind of skills would be good to work on to make my chances any better? Thank You

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• Is there any self-improving compiler around?

  - by JohnIdol

  I am not aware of any self-improving compiler, but then again I am not much of a compiler-guy. Is there ANY self-improving compiler out there? Please note that I am talking about a compiler that improves itself - not a compiler that improves the code it compiles. Any pointers appreciated! Side-note: in case you're wondering why I am asking have a look at this post. Even if I agree with most of the arguments I am not too sure about the following: We have programs that can improve their code without human input now — they’re called compilers. ... hence my question.

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• Running the same code for get(self) as post(self)

  - by Peter Farmer

  Its been mentioned in other answers about getting the same code running for both the def get(self) and the def post(self) for any given request. I was wondering what techniques people use, I was thinking of: class ListSubs(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): self._run() def post(self): self._run() def _run(self): self.response.out.write("This works nicely!")

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• Hopcroft–Karp algorithm in Python

  - by Simon

  I am trying to implement the Hopcroft Karp algorithm in Python using networkx as graph representation. Currently I am as far as this: #Algorithms for bipartite graphs import networkx as nx import collections class HopcroftKarp(object): INFINITY = -1 def __init__(self, G): self.G = G def match(self): self.N1, self.N2 = self.partition() self.pair = {} self.dist = {} self.q = collections.deque() #init for v in self.G: self.pair[v] = None self.dist[v] = HopcroftKarp.INFINITY matching = 0 while self.bfs(): for v in self.N1: if self.pair[v] and self.dfs(v): matching = matching + 1 return matching def dfs(self, v): if v != None: for u in self.G.neighbors_iter(v): if self.dist[ self.pair[u] ] == self.dist[v] + 1 and self.dfs(self.pair[u]): self.pair[u] = v self.pair[v] = u return True self.dist[v] = HopcroftKarp.INFINITY return False return True def bfs(self): for v in self.N1: if self.pair[v] == None: self.dist[v] = 0 self.q.append(v) else: self.dist[v] = HopcroftKarp.INFINITY self.dist[None] = HopcroftKarp.INFINITY while len(self.q) > 0: v = self.q.pop() if v != None: for u in self.G.neighbors_iter(v): if self.dist[ self.pair[u] ] == HopcroftKarp.INFINITY: self.dist[ self.pair[u] ] = self.dist[v] + 1 self.q.append(self.pair[u]) return self.dist[None] != HopcroftKarp.INFINITY def partition(self): return nx.bipartite_sets(self.G) The algorithm is taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopcroft%E2%80%93Karp_algorithm However it does not work. I use the following test code G = nx.Graph([ (1,"a"), (1,"c"), (2,"a"), (2,"b"), (3,"a"), (3,"c"), (4,"d"), (4,"e"),(4,"f"),(4,"g"), (5,"b"), (5,"c"), (6,"c"), (6,"d") ]) matching = HopcroftKarp(G).match() print matching Unfortunately this does not work, I end up in an endless loop :(. Can someone spot the error, I am out of ideas and I must admit that I have not yet fully understand the algorithm, so it is mostly an implementation of the pseudo code on wikipedia

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• GAE Datastore Put()

  - by Ivan Slaughter

  def post(self): update = self.request.get('update') if users.get_current_user(): if update: personal = db.GqlQuery("SELECT * FROM Personal WHERE __key__ = :1", db.Key(update)) personal.name = self.request.get('name') personal.gender = self.request.get('gender') personal.mobile_num = self.request.get('mobile_num') personal.birthdate = int(self.request.get('birthdate')) personal.birthplace = self.request.get('birthplace') personal.address = self.request.get('address') personal.geo_pos = self.request.get('geo_pos') personal.info = self.request.get('info') photo = images.resize(self.request.get('img'), 0, 80) personal.photo = db.Blob(photo) personal.put() self.redirect('/admin/personal') else: personal= Personal() personal.name = self.request.get('name') personal.gender = self.request.get('gender') personal.mobile_num = self.request.get('mobile_num') personal.birthdate = int(self.request.get('birthdate')) personal.birthplace = self.request.get('birthplace') personal.address = self.request.get('address') personal.geo_pos = self.request.get('geo_pos') personal.info = self.request.get('info') photo = images.resize(self.request.get('img'), 0, 80) personal.photo = db.Blob(photo) personal.put() self.redirect('/admin/personal') else: self.response.out.write('I\'m sorry, you don\'t have permission to add this LP Personal Data.') Should this will update the existing record if the 'update' is querystring containing key datastore key. I try this but keep adding new record/entity. Please give me some sugesstion to correctly updating the record/entity. Correction? : def post(self): update = self.request.get('update') if users.get_current_user(): if update: personal = Personal.get(db.Key(update)) personal.name = self.request.get('name') personal.gender = self.request.get('gender') personal.mobile_num = self.request.get('mobile_num') personal.birthdate = int(self.request.get('birthdate')) personal.birthplace = self.request.get('birthplace') personal.address = self.request.get('address') personal.geo_pos = self.request.get('geo_pos') personal.info = self.request.get('info') photo = images.resize(self.request.get('img'), 0, 80) personal.photo = db.Blob(photo) personal.put() self.redirect('/admin/personal') else: personal= Personal() personal.name = self.request.get('name') personal.gender = self.request.get('gender') personal.mobile_num = self.request.get('mobile_num') personal.birthdate = int(self.request.get('birthdate')) personal.birthplace = self.request.get('birthplace') personal.address = self.request.get('address') personal.geo_pos = self.request.get('geo_pos') personal.info = self.request.get('info') photo = images.resize(self.request.get('img'), 0, 80) personal.photo = db.Blob(photo) personal.put() self.redirect('/admin/personal') else: self.response.out.write('I\'m sorry, you don\'t have permission to add this LP Personal Data.')

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• Objective-C I can access self.view but not self.view.frame

  - by user292896

  I can access and show self.view and see the frame in the log but when I try to access self.view.frame I get null. Below is the log output of NSLog(@"Show self.view:%@",self.view); NSLog(@"Show self.view.frame:%@",self.view.frame); - 2010-03-28 11:08:43.373 vivmed_CD_Tab[20356:207] Show self.view:<UITableView: 0x4001600; frame = (0 0; 320 583); clipsToBounds = YES; autoresize = W+H; layer = <CALayer: 0x3b21270>> 2010-03-28 11:08:43.373 vivmed_CD_Tab[20356:207] Show self.view.frame:(null) Can anyone explain why self.view.frame is null but self.view shows a frame? May Goal is to change the frame size. Cheers, Grant

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