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  • Ur/Web new purely functional language for web programming?

    - by Phuc Nguyen
    I came across the Ur/Web project during my search for web frameworks for Haskell-like languages. It looks like a very interesting project done by one person. Basically, it is a domain-specific purely functional language for web programming, taking the best of ML and Haskell. The syntax is ML, but there are type classes and monad from Haskell, and it's strictly evaluated. Server-side is compiled to native code, client to Javascript. See the slides and FAQ page for other advertised advantages. Looking at the demos and their source code, I think the project is very promising. The latest version is something 20110123, so it seems to be under active development at this time. My question: Has anybody here had any further experience with it? Are there problems/annoyances compared to Haskell, apart from ML's slightly more verbose syntax? Even if it's not well known yet, I hope more people will know of it. OMG this looks very cool to me. I don't want this project to die!!

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  • Advice on selecting programming languages to concentrate on? (2nd year IT security student)

    - by Tyler J Fisher
    I'm in the process of considering which programming languages I should devote the majority of my coding studies to. I'm a 2nd year CS student, majoring in IT security. What I want to do/work with: Intelligence gathering Relational databases Virus design Snort network IPS Current coding experience (what I'm going to keep): Java - intermediate HTML5 - intermediate SQL (MySQL, Oracle 11g) - basic BASH - basic I'm going to need to learn (at least) one of the following languages in order to be successful in my field. Languages to add (at least 1): Ruby (+Metasploit) C++ (virus design, low-level driver interaction, computationally intensive applications) Python (import ALL the things) My dilemma: If I diversify too broadly, I won't be able to focus on, and improve in a specific niche. Does anyone have any advice as to how I should select a language? What I'm considering + why I'm leaning towards Ruby because of Metasploit support, despite lower efficiency when compared to Python. Any suggestions based on real-world experience? Should I focus on Ruby, Python, or C++? Both Ruby, and Python have been regarded as syntactically similar to Java which my degree is based around. I'm going to be studying C++ in two years as a component of my malicious code class. Thanks, Tyler

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  • What is your unique programming problem-solving style? [closed]

    - by gcc
    Everyone has their own styles and technique for approaching and solving real world problems. These distinguish us from other people or other programmers. (Actually, I think it make us more desirable as programmers and improves computer science) To improve, we read a lot of books; for example, programming style, how to solve problems, how to approach problems, software and algorithms, et al. Can I learn your technique? In other words, if someone gives you a problem, at first step, what are you doing to solve it? I want learn the style in which you approach, analyze, and solve a problem. EDIT: every programmer is a unique instance; each of us approach problems and converge on solutions in our own... idiomatic manner. This manner is sometimes a quirk of training, a bias of tools, but often it is an insightful nugget, a little golden hammer that cracks nuts just slightly faster then others. When answering, give your general approaches but also take a moment to identify how you look at things in ways that your peers do not. Let's call this your Unique Solving Perspective, or USP.

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  • What are the factors affecting a new programming language?

    - by Saurav Sengupta
    I am developing a new general-purpose programming language of my own design. It's currently my own personal project. I have read of some experts saying that new languages do not usually survive (unfortunately I can't find a reference to that right now). What are the most substantial problems that a new language faces? The language syntax is similar to C/Python families, it does not use S-expressions, and it is an imperative language, but I'm doing first-class functions in it to provide the facilities of currying. In particular, I am concentrating on translating the source language to an intermediate language for execution by an interpreter, but I'm not in a position to translate to native code yet. What would be the issues with that? I've not personally used many non-native code languages, so I'm not well aware of the performance issues on today's machines. I also can't decide upon a lexer and parser generator. What would be the pros and cons of Flex and Yacc vs. hand-made? And what benefits will LLVM provide? I need to get the interpreter ready as quickly as possible. Finally, what factors will affect the language's use post release? I am planning a small library of essentials and full documentation for the first phase.

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  • Programming habits, patterns, and standards that have developed out of appeal to tradition/by mistake? [closed]

    - by user828584
    Being self-taught, the vast majority of what I know about programming has come from reading other peoples' code on websites like this. I'm starting to wonder if I've developed bad or otherwise pointless habits from other people, or even just made invalid assumptions. For example, in javascript, void 0 is used in a lot of places, and until I saw this, I just assumed it was necessary and that 0 had some significance. Also, the http header, referer is misspelled but hasn't been changed because it would break a lot of applications. Also mentioned in Code Complete 2: The architecture should describe the motivations for all major decisions. Be wary of “we’ve always done it that way” justifications. One story goes that Beth wanted to cook a pot roast according to an award-winning pot roast recipe handed down in her husband’s family. Her husband, Abdul, said that his mother had taught him to sprinkle it with salt and pepper, cut both ends off, put it in the pan, cover it, and cook it. Beth asked, “Why do you cut both ends off?” Abdul said, “I don’t know. I’ve always done it that way. Let me ask my mother.” He called her, and she said, “I don’t know. I’ve always done it that way. Let me ask your grandmother.” She called his grandmother, who said, “I don’t know why you do it that way. I did it that way because it was too big to fit in my pan.” What are some other examples of this?

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  • How are objects modelled in a functional programming language?

    - by Giorgio
    In an answer to this question (written by Pete) there are some considerations about OOP versus FP. In particular, it is suggested that FP languages are not very suitable for modelling (persistent) objects that have an identity and a mutable state. I was wondering if this is true or, in other words, how one would model objects in a functional programming language. From my basic knowledge of Haskell I thought that one could use monads in some way, but I really do not know enough on this topic to come up with a clear answer. So, how are entities with an identity and a mutable persistent state normally modelled in a functional language? EDIT Here are some further details to clarify what I have in mind. Take a typical Java application in which I can (1) read a record from a database table into a Java object, (2) modify the object in different ways, (3) save the modified object to the database. How would this be implemented e.g. in Haskell? I would initially read the record into a record value (defined by a data definition), perform different transformations by applying functions to this initial value (each intermediate value is a new, modified copy of the original record) and then write the final record value to the database. Is this all there is to it? How can I ensure that at each moment in time only one copy of the record is valid / accessible? One does not want to have different immutable values representing different snapshots of the same object to be accessible at the same time.

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  • Are small amounts of functional programming understandable by non-FP people?

    - by kd35a
    Case: I'm working at a company, writing an application in Python that is handling a lot of data in arrays. I'm the only developer of this program at the moment, but it will probably be used/modified/extended in the future (1-3 years) by some other programmer, at this moment unknown to me. I will probably not be there directly to help then, but maybe give some support via email if I have time for it. So, as a developer who has learned functional programming (Haskell), I tend to solve, for example, filtering like this: filtered = filter(lambda item: included(item.time, dur), measures) The rest of the code is OO, it's just some small cases where I want to solve it like this, because it is much simpler and more beautiful according to me. Question: Is it OK today to write code like this? How does a developer that hasn't written/learned FP react to code like this? Is it readable? Modifiable? Should I write documentation like explaining to a child what the line does? # Filter out the items from measures for which included(item.time, dur) != True I have asked my boss, and he just says "FP is black magic, but if it works and is the most efficient solution, then it's OK to use it." What is your opinion on this? As a non-FP programmer, how do you react to the code? Is the code "googable" so you can understand what it does? I would love feedback on this :) Edit: I marked phant0m's post as answer, because he gives good advice on how to write the code in a more readable way, and still keep the advantages. But I would also like to recommend superM's post because of his viewpoint as a non-FP programmer.

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  • Do there exist programming languages where a variable can truly know its own name?

    - by Job
    In PHP and Python one can iterate over the local variables and, if there is only once choice where the value matches, you could say that you know what the variable's name is, but this does not always work. Machine code does not have variable names. C compiles to assembly and does not have any native reflection capabilities, so it would not know it's name. (Edit: per Anton's answer the pre-processor can know the variable's name). Do there exist programming languages where a variable would know it's name? It gets tricky if you do something like b = a and b does not become a copy of a but a reference to the same place. EDIT: Why in the world would you want this? I can think of one example: error checking that can survive automatic refactoring. Consider this C# snippet: private void CheckEnumStr(string paramName, string paramValue) { if (paramName != "pony" && paramName != "horse") { string exceptionMessage = String.Format( "Unexpected value '{0}' of the parameter named '{1}'.", paramValue, paramName); throw new ArgumentException(exceptionMessage); } } ... CheckEnumStr("a", a); // Var 'a' does not know its name - this will not survive naive auto-refactoring There are other libraries provided by Microsoft and others that allow to check for errors (sorry the names have escaped me). I have seen one library which with the help of closures/lambdas can accomplish error checking that can survive refactoring, but it does not feel idiomatic. This would be one reason why I might want a language where a variable knows its name.

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  • How can calculus and linear algebra be useful to a system programmer?

    - by Victor
    I found a website saying that calculus and linear algebra are necessary for System Programming. System Programming, as far as I know, is about osdev, drivers, utilities and so on. I just can't figure out how calculus and linear algebra can be helpful on that. I know that calculus has several applications in science, but in this particular field of programming I just can't imagine how calculus can be so important. The information was on this site: http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Programmer Edit: Some answers here are explaining about algorithm complexity and optimization. When I made this question I was trying to be more specific about the area of System's Programming. Algorithm complexity and optimization can be applied to any area of programming not just System's Programming. That may be why I wasn't able to came up with such thinking at the time of the question.

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  • Code Trivia: optimize the code for multiple nested loops

    - by CodeToGlory
    I came across this code today and wondering what are some of the ways we can optimize it. Obviously the model is hard to change as it is legacy, but interested in getting opinions. Changed some names around and blurred out some core logic to protect. private static Payment FindPayment(Order order, Customer customer, int paymentId) { Payment payment = Order.Payments.FindById(paymentId); if (payment != null) { if (payment.RefundPayment == null) { return payment; } if (String.Compare(payment.RefundPayment, "refund", true) != 0 ) { return payment; } } Payment finalPayment = null; foreach (Payment testpayment in Order.payments) { if (testPayment.Customer.Name != customer.Name){continue;} if (testPayment.Cancelled) { continue; } if (testPayment.RefundPayment != null) { if (String.Compare(testPayment.RefundPayment, "refund", true) == 0 ) { continue; } } if (finalPayment == null) { finalPayment = testPayment; } else { if (testPayment.Value > finalPayment.Value) { finalPayment = testPayment; } } } if (finalPayment == null) { return payment; } return finalPayment; } Making this a wiki so code enthusiasts can answer without worrying about points.

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  • Programming for a 32-bit environment vs programming for a 64-bit environment / Build configurations

    - by Russel
    I was looking at some same code (a sample MS Visual Studio C++ project) recently with multiple build configurations (Release/Debug, Win32/x64). My question: What is the difference? I guess I understand Release/Debug (Release = finalized version of project, Debug = version used to run in debugger), but what things need to be considered when building different versions for Win32/x64 platforms? Is there any coding differences, or does this just affect how that same code is ultimately built into machine code? I know there are different library files depending on whether you're using a 32-bit or 64-bit system as well... Are all of these differences again just machine code? Would a 32-bit library file and its corresponding 64-bit library file be two files with exactly the same functions build from the same source code originally, and only differing in their machine code implementation? Thanks! --Russel

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  • Implementing crossover in genetic programming

    - by Name
    Hi, I'm writing a genetic programming (GP) system (in C but that's a minor detail). I've read a lot of the literature (Koza, Poli, Langdon, Banzhaf, Brameier, et al) but there are some implementation details I've never seen explained. For example: I'm using a steady state population rather than a generational approach, primarily to use all of the computer's memory rather than reserve half for the interim population. Q1. In GP, as opposed to GA, when you perform crossover you select two parents but do you create one child or two, or is that a free choice you have? Q2. In steady state GP, as opposed to a generational system, what members of the population do the children created by crossover replace? This is what I haven't seen discussed. Is it the two parents, or is it two other, randomly-selected members? I can understand if it's the latter, and that you might use negative tournament selection to choose members to replace, but would that not create premature convergence? (After a crossover event the population contains the two original parents plus two children of those parents, and two other random members get removed. Elitism is inherent.) Q3. Is there a Web forum or mailing list focused on GP? Oddly I haven't found one. Yahoo's GP group is used almost exclusively for announcements, the Poli/Langdon Field Guide forum is almost silent, and GP discussions on general/game programming sites like gamedev.net are very basic. Thanks for any help you can provide!

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  • Experience with Take home Programming Test for Interviews

    - by Alan
    Okay this is not "programming" related per-se, but it is a situation that I believe the SO audience would be more familiar with, than say an ask.yahoo.com audience, so please forgive me. I had a phone screen the other day with a company that I really want to work for. It went pretty well, based on cues from the HR person, such as "Next step we're going to send you a programming test," and "Well, before I get ahead of myself, do you want to continue the interviewing process." and "We'll send out the test later this afternoon. It doesn't sound like you'll have trouble with it, but I want to be honest we do have a high failure rate on it." The questions asked weren't technical, just going down my resume, and talking about the work I've done, and how it relates to the position. Nothing I couldn't talk through. This was last Thursday. It's now Tuesday, and haven't received the test yet. I sent a follow up email yesterday to the lady who interviewed me, but haven't gotten a response. Anyone had a similar experience? Am I reading too much into this? Or was I off the mark by thinking I had moved on to the next step in the interview process. Since this is a company I really want to work for, I'm driving myself insane enumerating all the various what-if scenarios.

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  • Keep a programming language backwards compatible vs. fixing its flaws

    - by Radu Murzea
    First, some context (stuff that most of you know anyway): Every popular programming language has a clear evolution, most of the time marked by its version: you have Java 5, 6, 7 etc., PHP 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 etc. Releasing a new version makes new APIs available, fixes bugs, adds new features, new frameworks etc. So all in all: it's good. But what about the language's (or platform's) problems? If and when there's something wrong in a language, developers either avoid it (if they can) or they learn to live with it. Now, the developers of those languages get a lot of feedback from the programmers that use them. So it kind of makes sense that, as time (and version numbers) goes by, the problems in those languages will slowly but surely go away. Well, not really. Why? Backwards compatibility, that's why. But why is this so? Read below for a more concrete situation. The best way I can explain my question is to use PHP as an example: PHP is loved thousands of people and hated by just as many thousands. All languages have flaws, but apparently PHP is special. Check out this blog post. It has a very long list of so called flaws in PHP. Now, I'm not a PHP developer (not yet), but I read through all of it and I'm sure that a big chunk of that list are indeed real issues. (Not all of it, since it's potentially subjective). Now, if I was one of the guys who actively develops PHP, I would surely want to fix those problems, one by one. However, if I do that, then code that relies on a particular behaviour of the language will break if it runs on the new version. Summing it up in 2 words: backwards compatibility. What I don't understand is: why should I keep PHP backwards compatible? If I release PHP version 8 with all those problems fixed, can't I just put a big warning on it saying: "Don't run old code on this version !"? There is a thing called deprecation. We had it for years and it works. In the context of PHP: look at how these days people actively discourage the use of the mysql_* functions (and instead recommend mysqli_* and PDO). Deprecation works. We can use it. We should use it. If it works for functions, why shouldn't it work for entire languages? Let's say I (the developer of PHP) do this: Launch a new version of PHP (let's say 8) with all of those flaws fixed New projects will start using that version, since it's much better, clearer, more secure etc. However, in order not to abandon older versions of PHP, I keep releasing updates to it, fixing security issues, bugs etc. This makes sense for reasons that I'm not listing here. It's common practice: look for example at how Oracle kept updating version 5.1.x of MySQL, even though it mostly focused on version 5.5.x. After about 3 or 4 years, I stop updating old versions of PHP and leave them to die. This is fine, since in those 3 or 4 years, most projects will have switched to PHP 8 anyway. My question is: Do all these steps make sense? Would it be so hard to do? If it can be done, then why isn't it done? Yes, the downside is that you break backwards compatibility. But isn't that a price worth paying ? As an upside, in 3 or 4 years you'll have a language that has 90 % of its problems fixed.... a language much more pleasant to work with. Its name will ensure its popularity. EDIT: OK, so I didn't expressed myself correctly when I said that in 3 or 4 years people will move to the hypothetical PHP 8. What I meant was: in 3 or 4 years, people will use PHP 8 if they start a new project.

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  • Objective-measures of the power of programming languages

    - by Casebash
    Are there any objective measures for measuring the power of programming languages? Turing-completeness is one, but it is not particularly discriminating. I also remember there being a few others measures of power which are more limited versions (like finite-state-autonoma), but is there any objective measure that is more powerful?

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  • Programming Blogs, Tumblrs, eBooks or Resources

    - by jiewmeng
    i thought it will be good to know what websites, blogs or tumblogs providing good programming resources, latest news/trends etc. i was actually on tumblr when i thought about finding other users to follow, but couldn't. so i thought i asked here, but dont want to be limited to tumblr please enter 1 link per answer to facilitate voting

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  • dynamic programming [closed]

    - by shruti
    the input to this problem is a sequence S of integers(not necessarily positive). the problem is to find consecutive subsequence of S with maximum sum using dynamic programming. consecutive means that you are not allowed to skip numbers. for example: if the input was 12,-14,1,23,-6,22,-34,-13. the output would be 1,23,-6,22.

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  • Programming for Multi core Processors

    - by Chathuranga Chandrasekara
    As far as I know, the multi-core architecture in a processor does not effect the program. The actual instruction execution is handled in a lower layer. my question is, Given that you have a multicore environment, Can I use any programming practices to utilize the available resources more effectively? How should I change my code to gain more performance in multicore environments?

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  • Replacement for C low level programming?

    - by Sauron
    So C obviously has a pretty dominant low level programming stronghold.....but is anything coming out that challenges/wants to replace it? Python/C#/etc all seem to be aimed at very high level, but when it comes down to nitty-gritty low level stuff C seems to be king and I haven't seen much "try" to replace that? Is there anything out there, or does learning C for low level stuff seem to be the standard?

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  • Dynamic Programming Algorithm?

    - by scardin
    I am confused about how best to design this algorithm. A ship has x pirates, where the age of the jth pirate is aj and the weight of the jth pirate is wj. I am thinking of a dynamic programming algorithm, which will find the oldest pirate whose weight is in between twenty-fifth and seventy-fifth percentile of all pirates. But I am clueless as to how to proceed.

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  • What's your take on the programming language Go?

    - by fbrereto
    I've just been told about a new programming language, Go, developed at Google by such notables as Ken Thompson and Rob Pike. Does anyone have any experience with it so far? What are your thoughts about how viable small- and large-scale applications could be developed with it? Relevant links (thanks to Lance Roberts; feel free to update these as necessary): Ars-Technica PC World Google Open Source Blog Tech Talk Video Go Mailing List

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  • Are there any ball tracking algorithms/patterns around in game programming

    - by user214626
    Hello, I am a newbie to game programming,I would need the suggestions and help of the wonderful people around here. I have set of players, and a ball, the players can kick the ball around the ground (not yet a football game, neither a foosball game too ).Are there any algorithms/ patterns for addressing the problems with tracking the ball and taking decisions, Is that too much to ask.What I was looking at is something like a collision detection algorithm for the common problem of 2 objects interacting with one another.

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  • Language for non-programmers to start learning programming

    - by zarawesome
    A non-programmer friend will be starting the Computer Science college course in a few months. I'd like her to try her hand at some programming before she starts her studies (the course itself expects one to know C, but it's an horrible language to learn to program at). What language would be the best to do so? Related question: Best ways to teach a beginner to program?

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