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• Design pattern for window management in a Java Swing app

  - by Lord Torgamus

  I've just started creating my very first little Java Swing app. When the program opens, it brings up a single, simple window with a label and a couple buttons. Clicking one of those buttons is supposed to wipe out the welcome screen and replace it with a totally different panel. I'm not sure what the best way to create that functionality is. One method would be to pass my JFrame as an argument into... just about every other component, but that feels hacky to me. Or, there's making each panel double as an action listener, but that doesn't seem right, either. Is there a design pattern I should be applying here? "Replace the contents of the main — and only — window" must be a reasonably common operation. A name for the pattern would be enough; I can use Google on my own from there. (I wouldn't say no to a longer explanation, though.)

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• Android threads trouble wrapping my head around design

  - by semajhan

  I am having trouble wrapping my head around game design. On the android platform, I have an activity and set its content view with a custom surface view. The custom surface view acts as my panel and I create instances of all classes and do all the drawing and calculation in there. Question: Should I instead create the instances of other classes in my activity? Now I create a custom thread class that handles the game loop. Question: How do I use this one class in all my activities? Or do I have to create a separate instance of the extended thread class each time? In my previous game, I had multiple levels that had to create an instance of the thread class and in the thread class I had to set constructor methods for each separate level and in the loop use a switch statement to check which level it needs to render and update. Sorry if that sounds confusing. I just want to know if the method I am using is inefficient (which it probably is) and how to go about designing it the correct way. I have read many tutorials out there and I am still having lots of trouble with this particular topic. Maybe a link to a some tutorials that explain this? Thanks.

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• Which of these design patterns is superior?

  - by durron597

  I find I tend to design class structures where several subclasses have nearly identical functionality, but one piece of it is different. So I write nearly all the code in the abstract class, and then create several subclasses to do the one different thing. Does this pattern have a name? Is this the best way for this sort of scenario? Option 1: public interface TaxCalc { String calcTaxes(); } public abstract class AbstractTaxCalc implements TaxCalc { // most constructors and fields are here public double calcTaxes(UserFinancials data) { // code double diffNumber = getNumber(data); // more code } abstract protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data); protected double initialTaxes(double grossIncome) { // code return initialNumber; } } public class SimpleTaxCalc extends AbstractCalc { protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data) { double temp = intialCalc(data.getGrossIncome()); // do other stuff return temp; } } public class FancyTaxCalc extends AbstractTaxCalc { protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data) { int temp = initialCalc(data.getGrossIncome()); // Do fancier math return temp; } } Option 2: This version is more like the Strategy pattern, and should be able to do essentially the same sorts of tasks. public class TaxCalcImpl implements TaxCalc { private final TaxMath worker; public DummyImpl(TaxMath worker) { this.worker = worker; } public double calcTaxes(UserFinancials data) { // code double analyzedDouble = initialNumber; int diffNumber = worker.getNumber(data, initialNumber); // more code } protected int initialTaxes(double grossIncome) { // code return initialNumber; } } public interface TaxMath { double getNumber(UserFinancials data, double initial); } Then I could do: TaxCalc dum = new TaxCalcImpl(new TaxMath() { @Override public double getNumber(UserFinancials data, double initial) { double temp = data.getGrossIncome(); // do math return temp; }); And I could make specific implementations of TaxMath for things I use a lot, or I could make a stateless singleton for certain kinds of workers I use a lot. So the question I'm asking is: Which of these patterns is superior, when, and why? Or, alternately, is there an even better third option?

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• Examples of limitations in IT due to different bit length by design

  - by Alaudo

  I am teaching the course "Introduction in Programming" for the first-year students and would like to find interesting examples where the datatype size in bits, chosen by design, led to certain known restrictions or important values. Here are some examples: Due to the fact that the Bell teleprinter used 7-bit-code (later accepted as ASCII) until now have we often to encode attachments in electronic messages to contain only 7 bit data. Classical limitation of 32-bit address space leads to the 4Gb maximal RAM size available for 32-bit systems and 4Gb maximal file size in FAT32. Do you know some other interesting examples how the choice of the data type (and especially its binary length) influenced the modern IT world. Added after some discussion in comments: I am not going to teach how to overcome limitations. I just want them to know that 1 byte can hold the values from -127..0..+127 o 0..255, 2 bytes cover the range 0..65535 etc by proving examples they know from other sources, like the above-mentioned base64 encoding etc. We are just learning the basic datatypes and I am trying to find a good reference for "how large" these types are.

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• Android threads trouble wrapping my head around design

  - by semajhan

  I am having trouble wrapping my head around game design. On the android platform, I have an activity and set its content view with a custom surface view. The custom surface view acts as my panel and I create instances of all classes and do all the drawing and calculation in there. Question: Should I instead create the instances of other classes in my activity? Now I create a custom thread class that handles the game loop. Question: How do I use this one class in all my activities? Or do I have to create a separate thread each time? In my previous game, I had multiple levels that had to create an instance of the thread class and in the thread class I had to set constructor methods for each separate level and in the loop use a switch statement to check which level it needs to render and update. Sorry if that sounds confusing. I just want to know if the method I am using is inefficient (which it probably is) and how to go about designing it the correct way. I have read many tutorials out there and I am still having lots of trouble with this particular topic. Maybe a link to a some tutorials that explain this? Thanks.

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• 5 Mac Applications For Web And Graphic Design

  - by Jyoti

  In this article free applications useful and effective for the development and creation of websites with your Mac computer. Without further ado, here are 5 Excellent Mac Application for Web and Graphic Design. Fotoflexer : Fotoflexer claims to be “The world’s most advanced online image editor”. It offers completely free access to numerous features such as photo effects, graphics, shapes, morphing, and the creation of collages. You can also integrate and share your art with social sites like MySpace, Flickr, Facebook, and more. This can be an important app if the site you are creating is going to use applications. Simple CSS : With Simple CSS you can create Cascading Style Sheets from scratch or edit them right from the comfort of your desktop. Update styles on multiple pages all at once and reduce the data transfer usage on your page for faster loads. Blender : Blender is an open source software that allows you to create 3D animation with interactive playback leaves you with the option to optimize the style of your site with a few graphics. You can create animations with shades of colors, glossy features, soft shadows and advanced rendering features. JAlbum : Jalbum is a very useful app that allows you to create stylish photo galleries to publish on the web. All you have to do is simply drag selected folders into a pane where any images contained within the folder will automatically be arranged into a photo gallery. You can add several different themes and templates to enhance the appearance of your gallery, later then gain the HTML code and publish the complete gallery onto the web. Colorate : With Colorate you can create harmonized color palettes along with color schemes. Generate these palettes for images, photographs and more.

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• iOS chat application design, sending/relaying the message over to the end user

  - by AyBayBay

  I have a design question. Let us say you were tasked with building a chat application, specifically for iOS (iOS Chat Application). For simplicity let us say you can only chat with one person at a time (no group chat functionality). How then can you achieve sending a message directly to an end user from phone A to phone B? Obviously there is a web service layer with some API calls. One of the API calls available will be startChat(). After starting a chat, when you send a message, you make another async call, let us call it sendMessage() and pass in a string with your message. Once it goes to the web service layer, the message gets stored in a database. Here is where I am currently stuck. After the message gets sent to the web service layer, how do we then achieve sending/relaying the message over to the end user? Should the web server send out a message to the end user and notify them, or should each client call a receiveMessage() method periodically, and if the server side has some info for them it can then respond with that info? Finally, how can we handle the case in which the user you are trying to send a message to is offline? How can we make sure the end user gets the packet when he moves back to an area with signal?

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• Office design and layout for agile development

  - by Adam Eberbach

  (moved from stackoverflow) I have found lot of discussions here on about which keyboard, desk, light or colored background is best - but I can't find one addressing the layout of the whole office. We are a company with about 20 employees moving to a new place, something larger. There are two main development practices going on here with regular combination, the back end people often needing to work with the mobile people to arrange web services. There are about twice as many back end people as mobile people. About half of the back end developers are working on-site at any time and while they are almost never all in the office at once at least 5-10 spaces need to be provided - so most of the time the two groups are about equal. We have the chance to arrange desks, partitions and possibly even walls to make the space good. There won't be cash for dot-com frills like catering or massages but now's the time to be planning to avoid ending up with a bunch of desks in a long line. Joel on Software's Bionic Office is an article I've remembered from way back and it has some good ideas but I* (and more importantly the company's owners) are not completely sold on the privacy idea in an environment where we are supposed to be collaborating. This is another great link - The Ultimate Software Development Office Layout - I hadn't even remembered enclosed meeting rooms until reading this. Does the private office stand in the way of agile development? Is the scrum enough forced contact and if you need to bug someone you should need to get up and knock on their door? What design layouts can you point to and why would you recommend them? *I'm not against closed offices at all but would be happy if some other solution can do just as well. If it can't... well, that's what this question is all about.

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• Decorator not calling the decorated instance - alternative design needed

  - by Daniel Hilgarth

  Assume I have a simple interface for translating text (sample code in C#): public interface ITranslationService { string GetTranslation(string key, CultureInfo targetLanguage); // some other methods... } A first simple implementation of this interface already exists and simply goes to the database for every method call. Assuming a UI that is being translated at start up this results in one database call per control. To improve this, I want to add the following behavior: As soon as a request for one language comes in, fetch all translations from this language and cache them. All translation requests are served from the cache. I thought about implementing this new behavior as a decorator, because all other methods of that interface implemented by the decorater would simple delegate to the decorated instance. However, the implementation of GetTranslation wouldn't use GetTranslation of the decorated instance at all to get all translations of a certain language. It would fire its own query against the database. This breaks the decorator pattern, because every functionality provided by the decorated instance is simply skipped. This becomes a real problem if there are other decorators involved. My understanding is that a Decorator should be additive. In this case however, the decorator is replacing the behavior of the decorated instance. I can't really think of a nice solution for this - how would you solve it? Everything is allowed, even a complete re-design of ITranslationService itself.

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• Question about a simple design problem

  - by Uri

  At work I stumbled uppon a method. It made a query, and returned a String based on the result of the query, such as de ID of a customer. If the query didn't return a single customer, it'd return a null. Otherwise, it'd return a String with the ID's of them. It looked like this: String error = getOwners(); if (error != null) { throw new Exception("Can't delete, the flat is owned by: " + error); } ... Ignoring the fact that getCustomers() returns a null when it should instead return an empty String, two things are happening here. It checks if the flat is owned by someone, and then returns them. I think a more readable logic would be to do this: if (isOwned) { throw new Exception("Can't delete, the flat is owned by: " + getOwners()); } ... The problem is that the first way does with one query what I do with two queries to the database. What would be a good solution involving good design and efficiency for this?

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• Best design for a "Command Executer" class

  - by Justin984

  Sorry for the vague title, I couldn't think of a way to condense the question. I am building an application that will run as a background service and intermittently collect data about the system its running on. A second Android controller application will query the system over tcp/ip for statistics about the system. Currently, the background service has a tcp listener class that reads/writes bytes from a socket. When data is received, it raises an event to notify the service. The service takes the bytes, feeds them into a command parser to figure out what is being requested, and then passes the parsed command to a command executer class. When the service receives a "query statistics" command, it should return statistics over the tcp/ip connection. Currently, all of these classes are fully decoupled from each other. But in order for the command executer to return statistics, it will obviously need access to the socket somehow. For reasons I can't completely articulate, it feels wrong for the command executer to have a direct reference to the socket. I'm looking for strategies and/or design patterns I can use to return data over the socket while keeping the classes decoupled, if this is possible. Hopefully this makes sense, please let me know if I can include any info that would make the question easier to understand.

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• Design help with parallel process

  - by brazc0re

  I am re-factoring some code and an having an issue with retrieving data from two parallel processes. I have an application that sends packets back and forth via different mediums (ex: RS232, TCP/IP, etc). The jist if of this question is that there are two parallel processes going on. I hope the picture below displays what is going on better than I can word it: SetupRS232() class creates a new instance of the SerialPort by: SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort(); My question is, what is the best way that the Communicator() class, which sends out the packet via the respective medium, get access to the SerialPort object from the SetupRS232 class? I can do it with a Singleton but have heard that they are generally not the best design to go by. I am trying to follow SRP but I do feel like I am doing something wrong here. Communicator() will need to go out of it's way to get access to SetupRS232() to get access to the SerialPort class. I actually haven't found a way to even get access to it. Would designing each medium class, for example, SetupRS232(), SetupTCPIP, as a singleton be the best way to approach this problem?

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• Help with design structure choice: Using classes or library of functions

  - by roverred

  So I have GUI Class that will call another class called ImageProcessor that contains a bunch functions that will perform image processing algorithms like edgeDetection, gaussianblur, contourfinding, contour map generations, etc. The GUI passes an image to ImageProcessor, which performs one of those algorithm on it and it returns the image back to the GUI to display. So essentially ImageProcessor is a library of independent image processing functions right now. It is called in the GUI like so Image image = ImageProcessor.EdgeDetection(oldImage); Some of the algorithms procedures require many functions, and some can be done in a single function or even one line. All these functions for the algorithms jam packed into ImageProcessor can be pretty messy, and ImageProcessor doesn't sound it should be a library. So I was thinking about making every algorithm be a class with a shared interface say IAlgorithm. Then I pass the IAlgorithm interface from the GUI to the ImageProcessor. public interface IAlgorithm{ public Image Process(); } public class ImageProcessor{ public Image Process(IAlgorithm TheAlgorithm){ return IAlgorithm.Process(); } } Calling in the GUI like so Image image = ImageProcessor.Process(new EdgeDetection(oldImage)); I think it makes sense in an object point of view, but the problem is I'll end up with some classes that are just one function. What do you think is a better design, or are they both crap and you have a much better idea? Thanks!

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• OOP Design: relationship between entity classes

  - by beginner_

  I have at first sight a simple issue but can't wrap my head around on how to solve. I have an abstract class Compound. A Compound is made up of Structures. Then there is also a Container which holds 1 Compound. A "special" implementation of Compound has Versions. For that type of Compound I want the Container to hold the Versionof the Compound and not the Compound itself. You could say "just create an interface Containable" and a Container holds 1 Containable. However that won't work. The reason is I'm creating a framework and the main part of that framework is to simplify storing and especially searching for special data type held by Structure objects. Hence to search for Containers which contain a Compound made up of a specific Structure requires that the "Path" from Containerto Structure is well defined (Number of relationships or joins). I hope this was understandable. My question is how to design the classes and relationships to be able to do what I outlined.

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• Ant: project dependencies in a flat project layout with ivy

  - by MH

  Hello, I have two (Eclipse-) projects. Project A depends on project B, but the projects aren't nested i.e. project A is not a subproject of project B. Apache Ivy is responsible for the dependency management. When I run the compile task in Project A, is there any way to trigger the compile task (in project B) automatically (for example if the jar file of project B doesn't exist)? Thanks a million in advance.

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• Project Euler 53: Ruby

  - by Ben Griswold

  In my attempt to learn Ruby out in the open, here’s my solution for Project Euler Problem 53.  I first attempted to solve this problem using the Ruby combinations libraries. That didn’t work out so well. With a second look at the problem, the provided formula ended up being just the thing to solve the problem effectively. As always, any feedback is welcome. # Euler 53 # http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=problems&id=53 # There are exactly ten ways of selecting three from five, # 12345: 123, 124, 125, 134, 135, 145, 234, 235, 245, # and 345 # In combinatorics, we use the notation, 5C3 = 10. # In general, # # nCr = n! / r!(n-r)!,where r <= n, # n! = n(n1)...321, and 0! = 1. # # It is not until n = 23, that a value exceeds # one-million: 23C10 = 1144066. # In general: nCr # How many, not necessarily distinct, values of nCr, # for 1 <= n <= 100, are greater than one-million timer_start = Time.now # There's no factorial method in Ruby, I guess. class Integer # http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Factorial#Ruby def factorial (1..self).reduce(1, :*) end end def combinations(n, r) n.factorial / (r.factorial * (n-r).factorial) end answer = 0 100.downto(3) do |c| (2).upto(c-1) { |r| answer += 1 if combinations(c, r) > 1_000_000 } end puts answer puts "Elapsed Time: #{(Time.now - timer_start)*1000} milliseconds"

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• Project Euler 14: (Iron)Python

  - by Ben Griswold

  In my attempt to learn (Iron)Python out in the open, here’s my solution for Project Euler Problem 14.  As always, any feedback is welcome. # Euler 14 # http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=problems&id=14 # The following iterative sequence is defined for the set # of positive integers: # n -> n/2 (n is even) # n -> 3n + 1 (n is odd) # Using the rule above and starting with 13, we generate # the following sequence: # 13 40 20 10 5 16 8 4 2 1 # It can be seen that this sequence (starting at 13 and # finishing at 1) contains 10 terms. Although it has not # been proved yet (Collatz Problem), it is thought that all # starting numbers finish at 1. Which starting number, # under one million, produces the longest chain? # NOTE: Once the chain starts the terms are allowed to go # above one million. import time start = time.time() def collatz_length(n): # 0 and 1 return self as length if n <= 1: return n length = 1 while (n != 1): if (n % 2 == 0): n /= 2 else: n = 3*n + 1 length += 1 return length starting_number, longest_chain = 1, 0 for x in xrange(1, 1000001): l = collatz_length(x) if l > longest_chain: starting_number, longest_chain = x, l print starting_number print longest_chain # Slow 31 seconds print "Elapsed Time:", (time.time() - start) * 1000, "millisecs" a=raw_input('Press return to continue')

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• Project Euler 12: (Iron)Python

  - by Ben Griswold

  In my attempt to learn (Iron)Python out in the open, here’s my solution for Project Euler Problem 12.  As always, any feedback is welcome. # Euler 12 # http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=problems&id=12 # The sequence of triangle numbers is generated by adding # the natural numbers. So the 7th triangle number would be # 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 28. The first ten terms # would be: # 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, ... # Let us list the factors of the first seven triangle # numbers: # 1: 1 # 3: 1,3 # 6: 1,2,3,6 # 10: 1,2,5,10 # 15: 1,3,5,15 # 21: 1,3,7,21 # 28: 1,2,4,7,14,28 # We can see that 28 is the first triangle number to have # over five divisors. What is the value of the first # triangle number to have over five hundred divisors? import time start = time.time() from math import sqrt def divisor_count(x): count = 2 # itself and 1 for i in xrange(2, int(sqrt(x)) + 1): if ((x % i) == 0): if (i != sqrt(x)): count += 2 else: count += 1 return count def triangle_generator(): i = 1 while True: yield int(0.5 * i * (i + 1)) i += 1 triangles = triangle_generator() answer = 0 while True: num = triangles.next() if (divisor_count(num) >= 501): answer = num break; print answer print "Elapsed Time:", (time.time() - start) * 1000, "millisecs" a=raw_input('Press return to continue')

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• Project Euler 19: (Iron)Python

  - by Ben Griswold

  In my attempt to learn (Iron)Python out in the open, here’s my solution for Project Euler Problem 19.  As always, any feedback is welcome. # Euler 19 # http://projecteuler.net/index.php?section=problems&id=19 # You are given the following information, but you may # prefer to do some research for yourself. # # - 1 Jan 1900 was a Monday. # - Thirty days has September, # April, June and November. # All the rest have thirty-one, # Saving February alone, # Which has twenty-eight, rain or shine. # And on leap years, twenty-nine. # - A leap year occurs on any year evenly divisible by 4, # but not on a century unless it is divisible by 400. # # How many Sundays fell on the first of the month during # the twentieth century (1 Jan 1901 to 31 Dec 2000)? import time start = time.time() import datetime sundays = 0 for y in range(1901,2001): for m in range(1,13): # monday == 0, sunday == 6 if datetime.datetime(y,m,1).weekday() == 6: sundays += 1 print sundays print "Elapsed Time:", (time.time() - start) * 1000, "millisecs" a=raw_input('Press return to continue')

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• Project Codenames - Yea or Nay?

  - by rmx

  Where I work, most of our projects have (or at least attempt) descriptive, useful names. However we have a few with names that make no sense: I found that an assembly named WiFi which actually has nothing whatsoever to do with wi-fi, but is a codename. When I asked why, I was told that it's to protect company secrets incase some intern has few too many at the pub on Friday and starts chatting about the brand new 'WiFi' project he's been working on. Its clear that some people find enjoyment in finding silly / amusing codenames for their projects (like in this question). My question is: is it really a good idea to use codenames for your projects or are you better off spending the time to decide upon a descriptive name? My opinion is that in the long-run its better to give your projects relevant names. My reasoning is that if you can't think of a decent name, perhaps you don't really know the requirements well enough. I think there are better ways to 'protect company secrets' and I find it quite confusing when the name does not correlate at all with the content. It's just common sense, surely?! So do you use codenames and what the your reasons for or against this seemingly common, yet annoying (to me at least) practice?

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• Need suggestion for Mutiple Windows application design

  - by King Chan

  This was previously posted in StackOverflow, I just moved to here... I am using VS2008, MVVM, WPF, Prism to make a mutiple window CRM Application. I am using MidWinow in my MainWindow, I want Any ViewModel would able to make request to MainWindow to create/add/close MidChildWindow, ChildWindow(from WPF Toolkit), Window (the Window type). ViewModel can get the DialogResult from the ChildWindow its excutes. MainWindow have control on all opened window types. Here is my current approach: I made Dictionary of each of the windows type and stores them into MainWindow class. For 1, i.e in a CustomerInformationView, its CustomerInformationViewModel can execute EditCommand and use EventAggregator to tell MainWindow to open a new ChildWindow. CustomerInformationViewModel: CustomerEditView ceView = new CustomerEditView (); CustomerEditViewModel ceViewModel = CustomerEditViewModel (); ceView.DataContext = ceViewModel; ChildWindow cWindow = new ChildWindow(); cWindow.Content = ceView; MainWindow.EvntAggregator.GetEvent<NewWindowEvent>().Publish(new WindowEventArgs(ceViewModel.ViewModeGUID, cWindow )); cWindow.Show(); Notice that all my ViewModel will generates a Guid for help identifies the ChildWindow from MainWindow's dictionary. Since I will only be using 1 View 1 ViewModel for every Window. For 2. In CustomerInformationViewModel I can get DialogResult by OnClosing event from ChildWindow, in CustomerEditViewModel can use Guid to tell MainWindow to close the ChildWindow. Here is little question and problems: Is it good idea to use Guid here? Or should I use HashKey from ChildWindow? My MainWindows contains windows reference collections. So whenever window close, it will get notifies to remove from the collection by OnClosing event. But all the Windows itself doesn't know about its associated Guid, so when I remove it, I have to search for every KeyValuePair to compares... I still kind of feel wrong associate ViewModel's Guid for ChildWindow, it would make more sense if ChildWindow has it own ID then ViewModel associate with it... But most important, is there any better approach on this design? How can I improve this better?

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• A project idea I've got...

  - by Mr Teeth

  Hi, Next year I will be doing a final year project at Uni. I've already thought of one and was wondering what you guys think of it. I want to create a University Information Search for prospective students who are trying to look for an affordable University to attend. It will depend on the student's family income and the grades they get. They enter in those two parameters (and some more) and it comes up with a list of suitable Unis based on their criteria. This is not about the price of tution fee. It's mostly to do with the cost of living. Stuff like: Rent (if living in a private flat). Student Accomadation. Cost of traveling to your home and back (for holidays). ...and some other stuff stuff I haven't thought about yet. It'll mostly be GUI driven with some textual information. I'm also thinking of using it as a website interface. What do you guys think? Can I program something like this Java? If there's any holes you see in my idea please tell me.

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• Inheritance vs containment while extending a large legacy project

  - by Flot2011

  I have got a legacy Java project with a lot of code. The code uses MVC pattern and is well structured and well written. It also has a lot of unit tests and it is still actively maintained (bug fixing, minor features adding). Therefore I want to preserve the original structure and code style as much as possible. The new feature I am going to add is a conceptual one, so I have to make my changes all over the code. In order to minimize changes I decided not to extend existing classes but to use containment: class ExistingClass { // .... existing code // my code adding new functionality private ExistingClassExtension extension = new ExistingClassExtension(); public ExistingClassExtension getExtension() {return extension;} } ... // somewhere in code ExistingClass instance = new ExistingClass(); ... // when I need a new functionality instance.getExtension().newMethod1(); All functionality that I am adding is inside a new ExistingClassExtension class. Actually I am adding only these 2 lines to each class that needs to be extended. By doing so I also do not need to instantiate new, extended classes all over the code and I may use existing tests to make sure there is no regression. However my colleagues argue that in this situation doing so isn't a proper OOP approach, and I need to inherit from ExistingClass in order to add a new functionality. What do you think? I am aware of numerous inheritance/containment questions here, but I think my question is different.

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• design an extendible and pluggable business logic flow handler in php

  - by Broncha

  I am working on a project where I need to allow a pluggable way to inject business processes in the normal data flow. eg There is an ordering system. The standard flow of the application is A consumer orders an item. Pays for it and card is authorized. Admin captures the payment. Order is marked as complete and item is shipped. But this process may vary (extra steps in between) for different clients. Say a client would need to validate the location of the consumer before he is presented with a credit card form, OR his policies might require some other processes in between. I am thinking of using State Pattern for processing orders, saving the current state of the order in database, and initializing the state of order from the saved state. I would also need some mechanism, where a small plugin would be able to inject business specific states in the state machine. Am I thinking the right way? Are there already implemented patterns for this kind of situation? I am working with Codeigniter and basically this would mean for me, to redirect to proper controller according to the current state of the order. Like, if the state of the order is unconfirmed then redirect the user to details page and then change the state to pending. If some client would need to do some validation, then register an intermediate state between unconfirmed and pending Please suggest.

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• How can you force the start and end date of a task in Microsoft Project to be on the same day?

  - by Hauke P.

  I have a task called "Interview person A about topic X". The task's duration is set to 2 hours. The start date of the task should automatically be calculated taking dependencies and resource availabilities into account. My question boils down to: How can I force this task to start and end on the same date? Background: In my case, Microsoft Project sets the start date to a Friday at 5pm. As my working hours are set to 8am to 12am and 1pm to 6pm (Mon-Fri), Microsoft Project "splits up" the task at 6pm on Friday and plans to continue it at 8am on the following Monday. However, it does not make any sense to stop the interview on a Friday and restart it on Monday. Therefore the automatic suggestion is not helpful in this case. That's why I'm looking for a way way to force the task to start and end on the very same day. (In my example, I'd like Microsoft Project to delay the start date of the task until Monday 8am as this is the first time slot in which the task "fits in completely".) By the way: I have lots of such cases... for that reason it would be really great if there was a solution that doesn't just deal with this single special case.)

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