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• Optimize a MySQL count each duplicate Query

  - by Onema

  I have the following query That gets the city name, city id, the region name, and a count of duplicate names for that record: SELECT Country_CA.City AS currentCity, Country_CA.CityID, globe_region.region_name, ( SELECT count(Country_CA.City) FROM Country_CA WHERE City LIKE currentCity ) as counter FROM Country_CA LEFT JOIN globe_region ON globe_region.region_id = Country_CA.RegionID AND globe_region.country_code = Country_CA.CountryCode ORDER BY City This example is for Canada, and the cities will be displayed on a dropdown list. There are a few towns in Canada, and in other countries, that have the same names. Therefore I want to know if there is more than one town with the same name region name will be appended to the town name. Region names are found in the globe_region table. Country_CA and globe_region look similar to this (I have changed a few things for visualization purposes) CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Country_CA` ( `City` varchar(75) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `RegionID` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `CountryCode` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `CityID` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`City`,`RegionID`), KEY `CityID` (`CityID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; AND CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `globe_region` ( `country_code` char(2) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, `region_code` char(2) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, `region_name` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`country_code`,`region_code`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci; The query on the top does exactly what I want it to do, but It takes way too long to generate a list for 5000 records. I would like to know if there is a way to optimize the sub-query in order to obtain the same results faster. the results should look like this City CityID region_name counter sheraton 2349269 British Columbia 1 sherbrooke 2349270 Quebec 2 sherbrooke 2349271 Nova Scotia 2 shere 2349273 British Columbia 1 sherridon 2349274 Manitoba 1

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• SQL Query to return maximums over decades

  - by Abraham Lincoln

  My question is the following. I have a baseball database, and in that baseball database there is a master table which lists every player that has ever played. There is also a batting table, which tracks every players' batting statistics. I created a view to join those two together; hence the masterplusbatting table. CREATE TABLE `Master` ( `lahmanID` int(9) NOT NULL auto_increment, `playerID` varchar(10) NOT NULL default '', `nameFirst` varchar(50) default NULL, `nameLast` varchar(50) NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (`lahmanID`), KEY `playerID` (`playerID`), ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=18968 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; CREATE TABLE `Batting` ( `playerID` varchar(9) NOT NULL default '', `yearID` smallint(4) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `teamID` char(3) NOT NULL default '', `lgID` char(2) NOT NULL default '', `HR` smallint(3) unsigned default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`playerID`,`yearID`,`stint`), KEY `playerID` (`playerID`), KEY `team` (`teamID`,`yearID`,`lgID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; Anyway, my first query involved finding the most home runs hit every year since baseball began, including ties. The query to do that is the following.... select f.yearID, f.nameFirst, f.nameLast, f.HR from ( select yearID, max(HR) as HOMERS from masterplusbatting group by yearID )as x inner join masterplusbatting as f on f.yearID = x.yearId and f.HR = x.HOMERS This worked great. However, I now want to find the highest HR hitter in each decade since baseball began. Here is what I tried. select f.yearID, truncate(f.yearid/10,0) as decade,f.nameFirst, f.nameLast, f.HR from ( select yearID, max(HR) as HOMERS from masterplusbatting group by yearID )as x inner join masterplusbatting as f on f.yearID = x.yearId and f.HR = x.HOMERS group by decade You can see that I truncated the yearID in order to get 187, 188, 189 etc instead of 1897, 1885,. I then grouped by the decade, thinking that it would give me the highest per decade, but it is not returning the correct values. For example, it's giving me Adrian Beltre with 48 HR's in 2004 but everyone knows that Barry Bonds hit 73 HR in 2001. Can anyone give me some pointers?

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• LINQ thinks I need an extra INNER JOIN, but why?

  - by Saurabh Kumar

  I have a LINQ query, which for some reason is generating an extra/duplicatre INNER JOIN. This is causing the query to not return the expected output. If I manually comment that extra JOIN from the generated SQL, then I get seemingly correct output. Can you detect what I might have done i nthis LINQ to have cuased this extra JOIN? Thanks. Here is my approx LINQ var ids = context.Code.Where(predicate); var rs = from r in ids group r by new { r.phonenumbers.person.PersonID} into g let matchcount=g.Select(p => p.phonenumbers.PhoneNum).Distinct().Count() where matchcount ==2 select new { personid = g.Key }; and here is the generated SQL (the duplicate join is [t7]) Declare @p1 VarChar(10)='Home' Declare @p2 VarChar(10)='111' Declare @p3 VarChar(10)='Office' Declare @p4 VarChar(10)='222' Declare @p5 int=2 SELECT [t9].[PersonID] AS [pid] FROM ( SELECT [t3].[PersonID], ( SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT [t7].[PhoneValue] FROM [dbo].[Person] AS [t4] INNER JOIN [dbo].[PersonPhoneNumber] AS [t5] ON [t5].[PersonID] = [t4].[PersonID] INNER JOIN [dbo].[CodeMaster] AS [t6] ON [t6].[Code] = [t5].[PhoneType] INNER JOIN [dbo].[PersonPhoneNumber] AS [t7] ON [t7].[PersonID] = [t4].[PersonID] WHERE ([t3].[PersonID] = [t4].[PersonID]) AND ([t6].[Enumeration] = @p0) AND ((([t6].[CodeDescription] = @p1) AND ([t5].[PhoneValue] = @p2)) OR (([t6].[CodeDescription] = @p3) AND ([t5].[PhoneValue] = @p4))) ) AS [t8] ) AS [value] FROM ( SELECT [t0].[PersonID] FROM [dbo].[Person] AS [t0] INNER JOIN [dbo].[PersonPhoneNumber] AS [t1] ON [t1].[PersonID] = [t0].[PersonID] INNER JOIN [dbo].[CodeMaster] AS [t2] ON [t2].[Code] = [t1].[PhoneType] WHERE ([t2].[Enumeration] = @p0) AND ((([t2].[CodeDescription] = @p1) AND ([t1].[PhoneValue] = @p2)) OR (([t2].[CodeDescription] = @p3) AND ([t1].[PhoneValue] = @p4))) GROUP BY [t0].[PersonID] ) AS [t3] ) AS [t9] WHERE [t9].[value] = @p5

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• PostgreSQL storing paths for reference in scripts

  - by Brian D.

  I'm trying to find the appropriate place to store a system path in PostgreSQL. What I'm trying to do is load values into a table using the COPY command. However, since I will be referring to the same file path regularly I want to store that path in one place. I've tried creating a function to return the appropriate path, but I get a syntax error when I call the function in the COPY command. I'm not sure if this is the right way to go about it, but I'll post my code anyway. COPY command: COPY employee_scheduler.countries (code, name) FROM get_csv_path('countries.csv') WITH CSV; Function Definition: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION employee_scheduler.get_csv_path(IN file_name VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS VARCHAR(250) AS $$ DECLARE path VARCHAR(200) := E'C:\\Brian\\Work\\employee_scheduler\\database\\csv\\'; file_path VARCHAR(250) := ''; BEGIN file_path := path || file_name; RETURN file_path; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; If anyone has a different idea on how to accomplish this I'm open to suggestions. Thanks for any help!

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• SQL Structure of DB table with different types of columns

  - by Dmitry Dvornikov

  I have a problem with the optimization of the structure of the database. I'll try to explain it exactly. I create a project, where we can add different values??, but this values must have different types of the columns in the database (eg, int, double , varchar). What is the best way to store the different types of values ??in the database. In the project I'm using Propel 1.6. The point is availability to add value with 'int', 'varchar' and other columns types, to search the table was efficient. In total, I have two ideas. The first is to create a table of "value", which will have columns: "id ", "value_int", "value_double", "value_varchar", etc - with the corresponding column types. Depending on the type of values??, records will be saved with the value in the appropriate column (the rest will be NULL). The second solution is to create separate tables such as "value_int", "value_varchar" etc. There would be columns: "id", "value", which correspond to the relevant types of "value" (ie, such as int, varchar, etc). I must admit that I do not believe any of the above solutions, originally I was thinking about one table "value", where the column would be a "text" type - but this solution would probably be even worse. I would like to know your opinion on this topic, maybe something else would be better. Thanks in advance. EDIT: For example : We have three tables: USER: [table of users] * id * name FIELD: [table of profile fields - where the column 'type' is the type of field, eg int or varchar) * id * type * name VALUE : * id * User_id - ( FK user.id ) * Field_id - ( FK field.id ) * value So we have in each row an user in USER table, and the profile is stored in the VALUE table. Bit each profile field may have a different type (column 'type' in the FIELD table), and based on that I would want this value to add to the appropriate column of the appropriate type.

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• SQL Aggregate all Purchases for a certain product with same rebatecode

  - by debuggerlikeanother

  Hi SO, i would like to aggregate all purchases for a certain product that used the same rebatecode (using SQL Server 2005) Assume we have the following table: ID ProductID Product RebateCode Amount 1 123 7HM ABC 1 2 123 7HM XYZ 2 3 124 7HM ABC 10 4 124 7HM XYZ 20 5 125 2EB LOI 4 6 126 2EB LOI 40 CREATE TABLE #ProductSales(ID SMALLINT, ProductID int, Product varchar(6), RebateCode varchar(4), Amount int) GO INSERT INTO #ProductSales select 1, 123, '7HM', 'A', 1 union all select 2, 123, '7HM', 'B', 2 union all select 3, 124, '7HM', 'A', 10 union all select 4, 124, '7HM', 'B', 20 union all select 5, 125, '7HM', 'A', 100 union all select 6, 125, '7HM', 'B', 200 union all select 7, 125, '7HM', 'C', 3 union all select 8, 126, '2EA', 'E', 4 union all select 8, 127, '2EA', 'E', 40 union all select 9, 128, '2EB', 'F', 5 union all select 9, 129, '2EB', 'F', 50 union all select 10, 130, '2EB', 'F', 500 GO SELECT * FROM #ProductSales GO /* And i would like to have the following result Product nrOfProducts CombinationRebateCode SumAmount ABC LOI XYZ 7HM 2 ABC, XYZ 33 11 0 22 2EB 2 LOI 44 0 44 0 .. */ CREATE TABLE #ProductRebateCode(Product varchar(6), nrOfProducts int, sumAmountRebateCombo int, rebateCodeCombination varchar(80), A int, B int, C int, E int, F int) Go INSERT INTO #ProductRebateCode select '7HM', 2, 33, 'A, B', 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 union all select '7HM', 1, 303, 'A, B, C', 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 union all select '2EA', 2, 44, 'E', 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 union all select '2EB', 3, 555, 'E', 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 Select * from #ProductRebateCode -- Drop Table #ProductSales IF EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.sysobjects WHERE name LIKE '#ProductSales%') DROP TABLE #ProductSales -- Drop Table #ProductRebateCode IF EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.sysobjects WHERE name LIKE '#ProductRebateCode%') DROP TABLE #ProductRebateCode I would like to have the result like in the example (see second select (#ProductRebateCode). I tried to achieve it with the crosstab from this post: http://www.sqlteam.com/forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=6216&whichpage=6. exec CrossTab2b @SQL = 'SELECT [ProductID], Product, RebateCode, Amount FROM #ProductSales' ,@PivotCol = 'RebateCode' ,@Summaries = 'Sum(Amount ELSE 0)[_Sum], Count([ProductID])[_nrOfProducts]' /* SUM(Amount ELSE 0)[Amount], COUNT(Amount)[Qty] */ ,@GroupBy = 'RebateCode, Product' ,@OtherFields = 'Product' I believe that this could work, but i am unable to solve it. Do you believe that it is possible to achieve what i am trying without MDX or the other fancy ?DX-Stuff? Best regards And Thanks a lot debugger the other

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• Query returning related assets

  - by GMo

  I have 2 tables, one is an assets table which holds digital assets (e.g. article, images etc), the 2nd table is an asset_links table which maps 1-1 relationships between assets contained within the assets table. Here are the table definitions: Asset +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | source | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | title | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | date_created | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_embargo | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_expires | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | date_updated | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | keywords | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | status | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | priority | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | fk_site | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | resource_type | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | resource_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | fk_user | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ Asset_links +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | asset_id1 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | asset_id2 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +-----------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ In the asset_links table there are the following rows: 1 - 3, 1 - 4, 2 - 10, 2 - 56 I am looking to write one query which will return all assets which satisfy any asset search criteria and within the same query return all of the linked asset data for linked assets for that asset. e.g. The query returning assets 1 and 2 would return : Asset 1 attributes - Asset 3 attributes - Asset 4 attributes Asset 2 attributes - Asset 10 attributes - Asset 56 attributes What is the best way to write the query?

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• SELECT product from subclass: How many queries do I need?

  - by Stefano

  I am building a database similar to the one described here where I have products of different type, each type with its own attributes. I report a short version for convenience product_type ============ product_type_id INT product_type_name VARCHAR product ======= product_id INT product_name VARCHAR product_type_id INT -> Foreign key to product_type.product_type_id ... (common attributes to all product) magazine ======== magazine_id INT title VARCHAR product_id INT -> Foreign key to product.product_id ... (magazine-specific attributes) web_site ======== web_site_id INT name VARCHAR product_id INT -> Foreign key to product.product_id ... (web-site specific attributes) This way I do not need to make a huge table with a column for each attribute of different product types (most of which will then be NULL) How do I SELECT a product by product.product_id and see all its attributes? Do I have to make a query first to know what type of product I am dealing with and then, through some logic, make another query to JOIN the right tables? Or is there a way to join everything together? (if, when I retrieve the information about a product_id there are a lot of NULL, it would be fine at this point). Thank you

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• Is there a way to prevent SQL Server silently truncating data in local variables and stored procedure parameters?

  - by Luke Woodward

  I recently encountered an issue while porting an app to SQL Server. It turned out that this issue was caused by a stored procedure parameter being declared too short for the data being passed to it: the parameter was declared as VARCHAR(100) but in one case was being passed more than 100 characters of data. What surprised me was that SQL Server didn't report any errors or warnings -- it just silently truncated the data to 100 characters. The following SQLCMD session demonstrates this: 1 create procedure WhereHasMyDataGone (@data varchar(5)) as 2 begin 3 print 'Your data is ''' + @data + '''.'; 4 end; 5 go 1 exec WhereHasMyDataGone '123456789'; 2 go Your data is '12345'. Local variables also exhibit the same behaviour: 1 declare @s varchar(5) = '123456789'; 2 print @s; 3 go 12345 Is there an option I can enable to have SQL Server report errors (or at least warnings) in such situations? Or should I just declare all local variables and stored procedure parameters as VARCHAR(MAX) or NVARCHAR(MAX)?

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• multiple-to-one relationship mysql, submissions

  - by Yulia

  Hello, I have the following problem. Basically I have a form with an option to submit up to 3 images. Right now, after each submission it creates 3 records for album table and 3 records for images. I need it to be one record for album and 3 for images, plus to link images to the album. I hope it all makes sense... Here is my structure. TABLE `albums` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `title` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `fullname` varchar(40) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `created_at` datetime NOT NULL, `theme_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `description` int(11) NOT NULL, `vote_cache` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=20 ; TABLE `images` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `album_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, and my code function create_album($params) { db_connect(); $query = sprintf("INSERT INTO albums set albums.title = '%s', albums.email = '%s', albums.discuss_url = '%s', albums.theme_id = '%s', albums.fullname = '%s', albums.description = '%s', created_at = NOW()", mysql_real_escape_string($params['title']), mysql_real_escape_string($params['email']), mysql_real_escape_string($params['theme_id']), mysql_real_escape_string($params['fullname']), mysql_real_escape_string($params['description']) ); $result = mysql_query($query); if(!$result) { return false; } $album_id = mysql_insert_id(); return $album_id; } if(!is_uploaded_file($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'][$i])) { $warning = 'No file uploaded'; } elseif is_valid_file_size($_FILES['userfile']['size'][$i])) { $_POST['album']['theme_id'] = $theme['id']; create_album($_POST['album']); mysql_query("INSERT INTO images(name) VALUES('$newName')"); copy($_FILES['userfile']['tmp_name'][$i], './photos/'.$original_dir.'/' .$newName.'.jpg');

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• UPDATE Table SET Field

  - by davlyo

  This is my Very first Post! Bear with me. I have an Update Statement that I am trying to understand how SQL Server handles it. UPDATE a SET a.vField3 = b.vField3 FROM tableName a INNER JOIN tableName b ON a.vField1 = b.vField1 AND b.nField2 = a.nField2 – 1 This is my query in its simplest form. vField1 is a Varchar nField2 is an int (autonumber) vField3 is a Varchar I have left the WHERE clause out so understand there is logic that otherwise makes this a nessessity. Say vField1 is a Customer Number and that Customer has 3 records The value in nField2 is 1, 2, and 3 consecutively. vField3 is a Status When the Update comes to a.nField2 = 1 there is no a.nField2 -1 so it continues When the Update comes to a.nField2 = 2, b.nField2 = 1 When the Update comes to a.nField2 = 3, b.nField2 = 2 So when the Update is on a.nField2 = 2, alias b reflects what is on the line prior (b.nField2 = 1) And it SETs the Varchar Value of a.vField3 = b.vField3 When the Update is on a.nField2 = 3, alias b reflects what is on the line prior (b.nField2 = 2) And it (should) SET the Varchar Value of a.vField3 = b.vField3 When the process is complete –the Second of three records looks as expected –hence the value in vField3 of the second record reflects the value in vField3 from the First record However, vField3 of the Third record does not reflect the value in vField3 from the Second record. I think this demonstrates that SQL Server may be producing a transaction of some sort and then an update. Question: How can I get the DB to Update after each transaction so I can reference the values generated by each transaction?

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• What is preferred method for searching table data using stored procedure?

  - by Mourya

  I have a customer table with Cust_Id, Name, City and search is based upon any or all of the above three. Which one Should I go for ? Dynamic SQL: declare @str varchar(1000) set @str = 'Select [Sno],[Cust_Id],[Name],[City],[Country],[State] from Customer where 1 = 1' if (@Cust_Id != '') set @str = @str + ' and Cust_Id = ''' + @Cust_Id + '''' if (@Name != '') set @str = @str + ' and Name like ''' + @Name + '%''' if (@City != '') set @str = @str + ' and City like ''' + @City + '%''' exec (@str) Simple query: select [Sno],[Cust_Id],[Name],[City],[Country],[State] from Customer where (@Cust_Id = '' or Cust_Id = @Cust_Id) and (@Name = '' or Name like @Name + '%') and (@City = '' or City like @City + '%') Which one should I prefer (1 or 2) and what are advantages? After going through everyone's suggestion , here is what i finally got. DECLARE @str NVARCHAR(1000) DECLARE @ParametersDefinition NVARCHAR(500) SET @ParametersDefinition = N'@InnerCust_Id varchar(10), @InnerName varchar(30),@InnerCity varchar(30)' SET @str = 'Select [Sno],[Cust_Id],[Name],[City],[Country],[State] from Customer where 1 = 1' IF(@Cust_Id != '') SET @str = @str + ' and Cust_Id = @InnerCust_Id' IF(@Name != '') SET @str = @str + ' and Name like @InnerName' IF(@City != '') SET @str = @str + ' and City like @InnerCity' -- ADD the % symbol for search based upon the LIKE keyword SELECT @Name = @Name + '%', @City = @City+ '%' EXEC sp_executesql @str, @ParametersDefinition, @InnerCust_Id = @Cust_Id, @InnerName = @Name, @InnerCity = @City; References : http://blogs.lessthandot.com/index.php/DataMgmt/DataDesign/changing-exec-to-sp_executesql-doesn-t-p http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms175170.aspx

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• Comparing date range quarters sql server

  - by CR41G14

  I have a policies in a system PolRef Start End POL123 22/11/2012 23/12/2014 POL212 24/09/2012 23/10/2012 POL214 23/08/2012 29/09/2012 I am asking a user for a reporting date, the user enters 24/10/2012 this becomes @StartDate From this I derive what the quarter is by the month: set @currentMonth = Month(@StartDate) if @currentMonth = 1 or @currentMonth = 2 or @currentMonth = 3 begin set @startmonth = 1 set @endmonth = 3 end if @currentMonth = 4 or @currentMonth = 5 or @currentMonth = 6 begin set @startmonth = 4 set @endmonth = 6 end if @currentMonth = 7 or @currentMonth = 8 or @currentMonth = 9 begin set @startmonth = 7 set @endmonth = 9 end if @currentMonth = 10 or @currentMonth = 11 or @currentMonth = 12 begin set @startmonth = 10 set @endmonth = 12 end I then get a date range: @quarterStartDate = CAST(CAST(YEAR(@StartDate) AS varchar) + '-' + CAST(@startMonth AS varchar) + '-' + '01') AS Date) @quarterEndDate = CAST(CAST(YEAR(@EcdDate) AS varchar) + '-' + CAST(@endMonth AS varchar) + '-' + '31') AS Date) This will give me 01-10-2012 and 31-12-2012. Basically I need a script to only bring back the policies that are in this quarter. The policy doesn't have to span the entire quarter date range, just exist in the quarter date range. The results expected would be PolRef Start End POL123 22/11/2012 23/12/2014 POL212 24/09/2012 23/10/2012 Pol123 appears because it spans over the quarterly date range. Pol212 is there because it expires in that quarter date range. Pol214 does not appear because it neither spans, expires or starts in this quarter. Any help would be greatly appreciated

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• Unnecessary Redundancy with Tables.

  - by Stacey

  My items are listed as follows; This is just a summary of course. But I'm using a method shown for the "Detail" table to represent a type of 'inheritence', so to speak - since "Item" and "Downloadable" are going to be identical except that each will have a few additional fields relevant only to them. My question is in this design pattern. This sort of thing appears many, many times in our projects - is there a more intelligent way to handle it? I basically need to normalize the tables as much as possible. I'm extremely new to databases and so this is all very confusing to me. There are 5 items. Awards, Items, Purchases, Tokens, and Downloads. They are all very, very similar, except each has a few pieces of data relevant only to itself. I've tried to use a declaration field (like an enumerator 'Type' field) in conjunction with nullable columns, but I was told that is a bad approach. What I have done is take everything similar and place it in a single table, and then each type has its own table that references a column in the 'base' table. The problem occurs with relationships, or junctions. Linking all of these back to a customer. Each type takes around 2 additional tables to properly junction all of the data together- and as such, my database is growing very, very large. Is there a smarter practice for this kind of behavior? Item ID | GUID Name | varchar(64) Product ID | GUID Name | varchar(64) Store | GUID [ FK ] Details | GUID [FK] Downloadable ID | GUID Name | varchar(64) Url | nvarchar(2048) Details | GUID [FK] Details ID | GUID Price | decimal Description | text Peripherals [ JUNCTION ] ID | GUID Detail | GUID [FK] Store ID | GUID Addresses | GUID Addresses ID | GUID Name | nvarchar(64) State | int [FK] ZipCode | int Address | nvarchar(64) State ID | int Name | varchar(32)

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• SQL Server Split() Function

  - by HighAltitudeCoder

  Title goes here   Ever wanted a dbo.Split() function, but not had the time to debug it completely?  Let me guess - you are probably working on a stored procedure with 50 or more parameters; two or three of them are parameters of differing types, while the other 47 or so all of the same type (id1, id2, id3, id4, id5...).  Worse, you've found several other similar stored procedures with the ONLY DIFFERENCE being the number of like parameters taped to the end of the parameter list. If this is the situation you find yourself in now, you may be wondering, "why am I working with three different copies of what is basically the same stored procedure, and why am I having to maintain changes in three different places?  Can't I have one stored procedure that accomplishes the job of all three? My answer to you: YES!  Here is the Split() function I've created.    /******************************************************************************                                       Split.sql   ******************************************************************************/ /******************************************************************************   Split a delimited string into sub-components and return them as a table.   Parameter 1: Input string which is to be split into parts. Parameter 2: Delimiter which determines the split points in input string. Works with space or spaces as delimiter. Split() is apostrophe-safe.   SYNTAX: SELECT * FROM Split('Dvorak,Debussy,Chopin,Holst', ',') SELECT * FROM Split('Denver|Seattle|San Diego|New York', '|') SELECT * FROM Split('Denver is the super-awesomest city of them all.', ' ')   ******************************************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE xtype = 'TF'       AND name = 'Split'       ) BEGIN       DROP FUNCTION Split END GO   CREATE FUNCTION Split (       @InputString                  VARCHAR(8000),       @Delimiter                    VARCHAR(50) )   RETURNS @Items TABLE (       Item                          VARCHAR(8000) )   AS BEGIN       IF @Delimiter = ' '       BEGIN             SET @Delimiter = ','             SET @InputString = REPLACE(@InputString, ' ', @Delimiter)       END         IF (@Delimiter IS NULL OR @Delimiter = '')             SET @Delimiter = ','   --INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Delimiter) -- Diagnostic --INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@InputString) -- Diagnostic         DECLARE @Item                 VARCHAR(8000)       DECLARE @ItemList       VARCHAR(8000)       DECLARE @DelimIndex     INT         SET @ItemList = @InputString       SET @DelimIndex = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @ItemList, 0)       WHILE (@DelimIndex != 0)       BEGIN             SET @Item = SUBSTRING(@ItemList, 0, @DelimIndex)             INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Item)               -- Set @ItemList = @ItemList minus one less item             SET @ItemList = SUBSTRING(@ItemList, @DelimIndex+1, LEN(@ItemList)-@DelimIndex)             SET @DelimIndex = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @ItemList, 0)       END -- End WHILE         IF @Item IS NOT NULL -- At least one delimiter was encountered in @InputString       BEGIN             SET @Item = @ItemList             INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Item)       END         -- No delimiters were encountered in @InputString, so just return @InputString       ELSE INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@InputString)         RETURN   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON Split TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON Split TO UserRole2 --GO   The syntax is basically as follows: SELECT <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C AND TABLE2.Id IN (SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ',')) @IdList is a parameter passed into the stored procedure, and the comma (',') is the delimiter you have chosen to split the parameter list on. You can also use it like this: SELECT <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C HAVING COUNT(SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ',') Similarly, it can be used in other aggregate functions at run-time: SELECT MIN(SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ','), <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C GROUP BY <fields> Now that I've (hopefully effectively) explained the benefits to using this function and implementing it in one or more of your database objects, let me warn you of a caveat that you are likely to encounter.  You may have a team member who waits until the right moment to ask you a pointed question: "Doesn't this function just do the same thing as using the IN function?  Why didn't you just use that instead?  In other words, why bother with this function?" What's happening is, one or more team members has failed to understand the reason for implementing this kind of function in the first place.  (Note: this is THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT OF THIS POST). Allow me to outline a few pros to implementing this function, so you may effectively parry this question.  Touche. 1) Code consolidation.  You don't have to maintain what is basically the same code and logic, but with varying numbers of the same parameter in several SQL objects.  I'm not going to go into the cons related to using this function, because the afore mentioned team member is probably more than adept at pointing these out.  Remember, the real positive contribution is ou are decreasing the liklihood that your team fails to update all (x) duplicate copies of what are basically the same stored procedure, and so on...  This is the classic downside to duplicate code.  It is a virus, and you should kill it. You might be better off rejecting your team member's question, and responding with your own: "Would you rather maintain the same logic in multiple different stored procedures, and hope that the team doesn't forget to always update all of them at the same time?".  In his head, he might be thinking "yes, I would like to maintain several different copies of the same stored procedure", although you probably will not get such a direct response.  2) Added flexibility - you can use the Split function elsewhere, and for splitting your data in different ways.  Plus, you can use any kind of delimiter you wish.  How can you know today the ways in which you might want to examine your data tomorrow?  Segue to my next point. 3) Because the function takes a delimiter parameter, you can split the data in any number of ways.  This greatly increases the utility of such a function and enables your team to work with the data in a variety of different ways in the future.  You can split on a single char, symbol, word, or group of words.  You can split on spaces.  (The list goes on... test it out). Finally, you can dynamically define the behavior of a stored procedure (or other SQL object) at run time, through the use of this function.  Rather than have several objects that accomplish almost the same thing, why not have only one instead?

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• SQL SERVER – Weekly Series – Memory Lane – #031

  - by Pinal Dave

  Here is the list of selected articles of SQLAuthority.com across all these years. Instead of just listing all the articles I have selected a few of my most favorite articles and have listed them here with additional notes below it. Let me know which one of the following is your favorite article from memory lane. 2007 Find Table without Clustered Index – Find Table with no Primary Key Clustered index is very important concept for any table. They impact the performance very heavily. Here is a quick script to find tables without a clustered index. Replace TEXT with VARCHAR(MAX) – Stop using TEXT, NTEXT, IMAGE Data Types Question: “Is VARCHAR (MAX) big enough to store the TEXT field?” Answer: “Yes, VARCHAR(MAX) is big enough to accommodate TEXT field. TEXT, NTEXT and IMAGE data types of SQL Server 2000 will be deprecated in a future version of SQL Server, SQL Server 2005 provides backward compatibility to data types but it is recommended to use new data types which are VARHCAR (MAX), NVARCHAR (MAX) and VARBINARY (MAX).” Limiting Result Sets by Using TABLESAMPLE – Examples Introduced in SQL Server 2005, TABLESAMPLE allows you to extract a sampling of rows from a table in the FROM clause. The rows retrieved are random and they are are not in any order. This sampling can be based on a percentage of number of rows. You can use TABLESAMPLE when only a sampling of rows is necessary for the application instead of a full result set. User Defined Functions (UDF) Limitations UDF have its own advantage and usage but in this article we will see the limitation of UDF. Things UDF can not do and why Stored Procedure are considered as more flexible then UDFs. Stored Procedure are more flexibility then User Defined Functions(UDF). However, this blog post is a good read to know what are the limitations of UDF. Change Database Compatible Level – Backward Compatibility For a long time SQL Server stayed on the compatibility level of 80 which is of SQL Server 2000. However, as soon as SQL Server 2005 introduced the issue of compatibility was quite a major issue. Since that time MS has been releasing the versions at every 2-3 years, changing compatibility is a ever popular topic. In this blog post, we learn how we can do the same using T-SQL. We can also do the same using SSMS and here is the blog post for the same: Change Database Compatible Level – Backward Compatibility – Part 2 – Management Studio. Constraint on VARCHAR(MAX) Field To Limit It Certain Length How can I limit the VARCHAR(MAX) field with maximum length of 12500 characters only. His Question was valid as our application was allowed 12500 characters. First of all – this requirement is bit strange but if someone wants to do the same, they can do it as described in this blog post. 2008 UNPIVOT Table Example Understanding UNPIVOT can be very complicated at times. In this blog post, I have attempted to explain the same concept in very simple words. Create Default Constraint Over Table Column A simple straight to script blog post – I still use this blog quite many times for my own reference. UDF – Get the Day of the Week Function It took me 4 iteration to find this very simple function which can immediately get the day of the week in a single line. 2009 Find Hostname and Current Logged In User Name There are two tricks listed in this blog post where users can find out the hostname and current logged user name immediately and very easily. Interesting Observation of Logon Trigger On All Servers When I was doing a project, I made an interesting observation of executing a logon trigger multiple times. It was absolutely unexpected for me! As I was logging only once, naturally, I was expecting the entry only once. However, it did it multiple times on different threads – indeed an eccentric phenomenon at first sight! Difference Between Candidate Keys and Primary Key One needs to be very careful in selecting the Primary Key as an incorrect selection can adversely impact the database architect and future normalization. For a Candidate Key to qualify as a Primary Key, it should be Non-NULL and unique in any domain. I have observed quite often that Primary Keys are seldom changed. I would like to have your feedback on not changing a Primary Key. Create Multiple Filegroup For Single Database Why should one create multiple file group for any database and what are the advantages of the same. In this blog post, I explain the same in detail. List All Objects Created on All Filegroups in Database In this blog post we discuss the essential question – “How can I find which object belongs to which filegroup. Is there any way to know this?” 2010 DATE and TIME in SQL Server 2008 When DATE is converted to DATETIME it adds the of midnight. When TIME is converted to DATETIME it adds the date of 1900 and it is something one wants to consider if you are going to run scripts from SQL Server 2008 to earlier version with CONVERT. Disabled Index and Update Statistics If you do not need a nonclustered index, I suggest you to drop it as keeping them disabled is an overhead on your system. This is because every time the statistics are updated for system all the statistics for disabled indexes are also updated. Precision of SMALLDATETIME – A 1 Minute Precision The precision of the datatype SMALLDATETIME is 1 minute. It discards the seconds by rounding up or rounding down any seconds greater than zero. 2011 Getting Columns Headers without Result Data – SET FMTONLY ON SET FMTONLY ON returns only metadata to the client. It can be used to test the format of the response without actually running the query. When this setting is ON the resultset only have headers of the results but no data. Copy Database from Instance to Another Instance – Copy Paste in SQL Server SQL Server has a feature which copy database from one database to another database and it can be automated as well using SSIS. Make sure you have SQL Server Agent Turned on as this feature will create a job. Puzzle – SELECT * vs SELECT COUNT(*) If you have ever wondered SELECT * gives error when executed alone but SELECT COUNT(*) does not. Why? in that case, you should read this blog post. Creating All New Database with Full Recovery Model This blog post is very based on very interesting story where the user wants to do something by default for every single new database created. Model database is a secret weapon which should be used very carefully and with proper evalution. If used carefully this can be a very much beneficiary when we need a newly created database behave in certain fashion. 2012 In year 2012 I had two interesting series ran on the blog. If there is no fun in learning, the learning becomes a burden. For the same reason, I had decided to build a three part quiz around SEQUENCE. The quiz was to identify the next value of the sequence. I encourage all of you to take part in this fun quiz. Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 1 Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 2 Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 3 Can anyone remember their final day of schooling?  This is probably a silly question because – of course you can!  Many people mark this as the most exciting, happiest day of their life.  It marks the end of testing, the end of following rules set by teachers, and the beginning of finally being able to earn money and work in your chosen field. Read five part series on developer training subject Developer Training - Importance and Significance - Part 1 Developer Training – Employee Morals and Ethics – Part 2 Developer Training – Difficult Questions and Alternative Perspective - Part 3 Developer Training – Various Options for Developer Training – Part 4 Developer Training – A Conclusive Summary- Part 5 Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Memory Lane, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Beware Sneaky Reads with Unique Indexes

  - by Paul White NZ

  A few days ago, Sandra Mueller (twitter | blog) asked a question using twitter’s #sqlhelp hash tag: “Might SQL Server retrieve (out-of-row) LOB data from a table, even if the column isn’t referenced in the query?” Leaving aside trivial cases (like selecting a computed column that does reference the LOB data), one might be tempted to say that no, SQL Server does not read data you haven’t asked for.  In general, that’s quite correct; however there are cases where SQL Server might sneakily retrieve a LOB column… Example Table Here’s a T-SQL script to create that table and populate it with 1,000 rows: CREATE TABLE dbo.LOBtest ( pk INTEGER IDENTITY NOT NULL, some_value INTEGER NULL, lob_data VARCHAR(MAX) NULL, another_column CHAR(5) NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.LOBtest pk] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (pk ASC) ); GO DECLARE @Data VARCHAR(MAX); SET @Data = REPLICATE(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 'x'), 65540);   WITH Numbers (n) AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) FROM master.sys.columns C1, master.sys.columns C2 ) INSERT LOBtest WITH (TABLOCKX) ( some_value, lob_data ) SELECT TOP (1000) N.n, @Data FROM Numbers N WHERE N.n <= 1000; Test 1: A Simple Update Let’s run a query to subtract one from every value in the some_value column: UPDATE dbo.LOBtest WITH (TABLOCKX) SET some_value = some_value - 1; As you might expect, modifying this integer column in 1,000 rows doesn’t take very long, or use many resources.  The STATITICS IO and TIME output shows a total of 9 logical reads, and 25ms elapsed time.  The query plan is also very simple: Looking at the Clustered Index Scan, we can see that SQL Server only retrieves the pk and some_value columns during the scan: The pk column is needed by the Clustered Index Update operator to uniquely identify the row that is being changed.  The some_value column is used by the Compute Scalar to calculate the new value.  (In case you are wondering what the Top operator is for, it is used to enforce SET ROWCOUNT). Test 2: Simple Update with an Index Now let’s create a nonclustered index keyed on the some_value column, with lob_data as an included column: CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX dbo.LOBtest some_value (lob_data)] ON dbo.LOBtest (some_value) INCLUDE ( lob_data ) WITH ( FILLFACTOR = 100, MAXDOP = 1, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = ON ); This is not a useful index for our simple update query; imagine that someone else created it for a different purpose.  Let’s run our update query again: UPDATE dbo.LOBtest WITH (TABLOCKX) SET some_value = some_value - 1; We find that it now requires 4,014 logical reads and the elapsed query time has increased to around 100ms.  The extra logical reads (4 per row) are an expected consequence of maintaining the nonclustered index. The query plan is very similar to before (click to enlarge): The Clustered Index Update operator picks up the extra work of maintaining the nonclustered index. The new Compute Scalar operators detect whether the value in the some_value column has actually been changed by the update.  SQL Server may be able to skip maintaining the nonclustered index if the value hasn’t changed (see my previous post on non-updating updates for details).  Our simple query does change the value of some_data in every row, so this optimization doesn’t add any value in this specific case. The output list of columns from the Clustered Index Scan hasn’t changed from the one shown previously: SQL Server still just reads the pk and some_data columns.  Cool. Overall then, adding the nonclustered index hasn’t had any startling effects, and the LOB column data still isn’t being read from the table.  Let’s see what happens if we make the nonclustered index unique. Test 3: Simple Update with a Unique Index Here’s the script to create a new unique index, and drop the old one: CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [UQ dbo.LOBtest some_value (lob_data)] ON dbo.LOBtest (some_value) INCLUDE ( lob_data ) WITH ( FILLFACTOR = 100, MAXDOP = 1, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = ON ); GO DROP INDEX [IX dbo.LOBtest some_value (lob_data)] ON dbo.LOBtest; Remember that SQL Server only enforces uniqueness on index keys (the some_data column).  The lob_data column is simply stored at the leaf-level of the non-clustered index.  With that in mind, we might expect this change to make very little difference.  Let’s see: UPDATE dbo.LOBtest WITH (TABLOCKX) SET some_value = some_value - 1; Whoa!  Now look at the elapsed time and logical reads: Scan count 1, logical reads 2016, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 36015, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 15992.   CPU time = 172 ms, elapsed time = 16172 ms. Even with all the data and index pages in memory, the query took over 16 seconds to update just 1,000 rows, performing over 52,000 LOB logical reads (nearly 16,000 of those using read-ahead). Why on earth is SQL Server reading LOB data in a query that only updates a single integer column? The Query Plan The query plan for test 3 looks a bit more complex than before: In fact, the bottom level is exactly the same as we saw with the non-unique index.  The top level has heaps of new stuff though, which I’ll come to in a moment. You might be expecting to find that the Clustered Index Scan is now reading the lob_data column (for some reason).  After all, we need to explain where all the LOB logical reads are coming from.  Sadly, when we look at the properties of the Clustered Index Scan, we see exactly the same as before: SQL Server is still only reading the pk and some_value columns – so what’s doing the LOB reads? Updates that Sneakily Read Data We have to go as far as the Clustered Index Update operator before we see LOB data in the output list: [Expr1020] is a bit flag added by an earlier Compute Scalar.  It is set true if the some_value column has not been changed (part of the non-updating updates optimization I mentioned earlier). The Clustered Index Update operator adds two new columns: the lob_data column, and some_value_OLD.  The some_value_OLD column, as the name suggests, is the pre-update value of the some_value column.  At this point, the clustered index has already been updated with the new value, but we haven’t touched the nonclustered index yet. An interesting observation here is that the Clustered Index Update operator can read a column into the data flow as part of its update operation.  SQL Server could have read the LOB data as part of the initial Clustered Index Scan, but that would mean carrying the data through all the operations that occur prior to the Clustered Index Update.  The server knows it will have to go back to the clustered index row to update it, so it delays reading the LOB data until then.  Sneaky! Why the LOB Data Is Needed This is all very interesting (I hope), but why is SQL Server reading the LOB data?  For that matter, why does it need to pass the pre-update value of the some_value column out of the Clustered Index Update? The answer relates to the top row of the query plan for test 3.  I’ll reproduce it here for convenience: Notice that this is a wide (per-index) update plan.  SQL Server used a narrow (per-row) update plan in test 2, where the Clustered Index Update took care of maintaining the nonclustered index too.  I’ll talk more about this difference shortly. The Split/Sort/Collapse combination is an optimization, which aims to make per-index update plans more efficient.  It does this by breaking each update into a delete/insert pair, reordering the operations, removing any redundant operations, and finally applying the net effect of all the changes to the nonclustered index. Imagine we had a unique index which currently holds three rows with the values 1, 2, and 3.  If we run a query that adds 1 to each row value, we would end up with values 2, 3, and 4.  The net effect of all the changes is the same as if we simply deleted the value 1, and added a new value 4. By applying net changes, SQL Server can also avoid false unique-key violations.  If we tried to immediately update the value 1 to a 2, it would conflict with the existing value 2 (which would soon be updated to 3 of course) and the query would fail.  You might argue that SQL Server could avoid the uniqueness violation by starting with the highest value (3) and working down.  That’s fine, but it’s not possible to generalize this logic to work with every possible update query. SQL Server has to use a wide update plan if it sees any risk of false uniqueness violations.  It’s worth noting that the logic SQL Server uses to detect whether these violations are possible has definite limits.  As a result, you will often receive a wide update plan, even when you can see that no violations are possible. Another benefit of this optimization is that it includes a sort on the index key as part of its work.  Processing the index changes in index key order promotes sequential I/O against the nonclustered index. A side-effect of all this is that the net changes might include one or more inserts.  In order to insert a new row in the index, SQL Server obviously needs all the columns – the key column and the included LOB column.  This is the reason SQL Server reads the LOB data as part of the Clustered Index Update. In addition, the some_value_OLD column is required by the Split operator (it turns updates into delete/insert pairs).  In order to generate the correct index key delete operation, it needs the old key value. The irony is that in this case the Split/Sort/Collapse optimization is anything but.  Reading all that LOB data is extremely expensive, so it is sad that the current version of SQL Server has no way to avoid it. Finally, for completeness, I should mention that the Filter operator is there to filter out the non-updating updates. Beating the Set-Based Update with a Cursor One situation where SQL Server can see that false unique-key violations aren’t possible is where it can guarantee that only one row is being updated.  Armed with this knowledge, we can write a cursor (or the WHILE-loop equivalent) that updates one row at a time, and so avoids reading the LOB data: SET NOCOUNT ON; SET STATISTICS XML, IO, TIME OFF;   DECLARE @PK INTEGER, @StartTime DATETIME; SET @StartTime = GETUTCDATE();   DECLARE curUpdate CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY KEYSET SCROLL_LOCKS FOR SELECT L.pk FROM LOBtest L ORDER BY L.pk ASC;   OPEN curUpdate;   WHILE (1 = 1) BEGIN FETCH NEXT FROM curUpdate INTO @PK;   IF @@FETCH_STATUS = -1 BREAK; IF @@FETCH_STATUS = -2 CONTINUE;   UPDATE dbo.LOBtest SET some_value = some_value - 1 WHERE CURRENT OF curUpdate; END;   CLOSE curUpdate; DEALLOCATE curUpdate;   SELECT DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND, @StartTime, GETUTCDATE()); That completes the update in 1280 milliseconds (remember test 3 took over 16 seconds!) I used the WHERE CURRENT OF syntax there and a KEYSET cursor, just for the fun of it.  One could just as well use a WHERE clause that specified the primary key value instead. Clustered Indexes A clustered index is the ultimate index with included columns: all non-key columns are included columns in a clustered index.  Let’s re-create the test table and data with an updatable primary key, and without any non-clustered indexes: IF OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.LOBtest', N'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.LOBtest; GO CREATE TABLE dbo.LOBtest ( pk INTEGER NOT NULL, some_value INTEGER NULL, lob_data VARCHAR(MAX) NULL, another_column CHAR(5) NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.LOBtest pk] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (pk ASC) ); GO DECLARE @Data VARCHAR(MAX); SET @Data = REPLICATE(CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), 'x'), 65540);   WITH Numbers (n) AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) FROM master.sys.columns C1, master.sys.columns C2 ) INSERT LOBtest WITH (TABLOCKX) ( pk, some_value, lob_data ) SELECT TOP (1000) N.n, N.n, @Data FROM Numbers N WHERE N.n <= 1000; Now here’s a query to modify the cluster keys: UPDATE dbo.LOBtest SET pk = pk + 1; The query plan is: As you can see, the Split/Sort/Collapse optimization is present, and we also gain an Eager Table Spool, for Halloween protection.  In addition, SQL Server now has no choice but to read the LOB data in the Clustered Index Scan: The performance is not great, as you might expect (even though there is no non-clustered index to maintain): Table 'LOBtest'. Scan count 1, logical reads 2011, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 36015, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 15992.   Table 'Worktable'. Scan count 1, logical reads 2040, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 34000, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 8000.   SQL Server Execution Times: CPU time = 483 ms, elapsed time = 17884 ms. Notice how the LOB data is read twice: once from the Clustered Index Scan, and again from the work table in tempdb used by the Eager Spool. If you try the same test with a non-unique clustered index (rather than a primary key), you’ll get a much more efficient plan that just passes the cluster key (including uniqueifier) around (no LOB data or other non-key columns): A unique non-clustered index (on a heap) works well too: Both those queries complete in a few tens of milliseconds, with no LOB reads, and just a few thousand logical reads.  (In fact the heap is rather more efficient). There are lots more fun combinations to try that I don’t have space for here. Final Thoughts The behaviour shown in this post is not limited to LOB data by any means.  If the conditions are met, any unique index that has included columns can produce similar behaviour – something to bear in mind when adding large INCLUDE columns to achieve covering queries, perhaps. Paul White Email: [email protected] Twitter: @PaulWhiteNZ

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• JBoss AS 5: starts but can't connect (Windows, remote)

  - by Nuwan

  Hello I installed Jboss 5.0GA and Its works fine in localhost.But I want It to access through remote Machine.Then I bind my IP address to my server and started it.This is the command I used run.bat -b 10.17.62.63 Then the server Starts fine This is the console log when starting the server > =============================================================================== > > JBoss Bootstrap Environment > > JBOSS_HOME: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA > > JAVA: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_34\bin\java > > JAVA_OPTS: -Dprogram.name=run.bat -server -Xms128m -Xmx512m > -XX:MaxPermSize=25 6m -Dorg.jboss.resolver.warning=true -Dsun.rmi.dgc.client.gcInterval=3600000 -Ds un.rmi.dgc.server.gcInterval=3600000 > > CLASSPATH: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\bin\run.jar > > =============================================================================== > > run.bat: unused non-option argument: ûb run.bat: unused non-option > argument: 0.0.0.0 13:43:38,179 INFO [ServerImpl] Starting JBoss > (Microcontainer)... 13:43:38,179 INFO [ServerImpl] Release ID: JBoss > [Morpheus] 5.0.0.GA (build: SV NTag=JBoss_5_0_0_GA date=200812041714) > 13:43:38,179 INFO [ServerImpl] Bootstrap URL: null 13:43:38,179 INFO > [ServerImpl] Home Dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA 13:43:38,179 INFO > [ServerImpl] Home URL: file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/ 13:43:38,195 INFO > [ServerImpl] Library URL: file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/lib/ 13:43:38,195 > INFO [ServerImpl] Patch URL: null 13:43:38,195 INFO [ServerImpl] > Common Base URL: file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/common/ > > 13:43:38,195 INFO [ServerImpl] Common Library URL: > file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/comm on/lib/ 13:43:38,195 INFO [ServerImpl] > Server Name: default 13:43:38,195 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Base Dir: > C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server 13:43:38,195 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Base > URL: file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/ > > 13:43:38,210 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Config URL: > file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/serve r/default/conf/ 13:43:38,210 INFO > [ServerImpl] Server Home Dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\defaul t > 13:43:38,210 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Home URL: > file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/ default/ 13:43:38,210 INFO > [ServerImpl] Server Data Dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\defaul t\data > 13:43:38,210 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Library URL: > file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/serv er/default/lib/ 13:43:38,210 INFO > [ServerImpl] Server Log Dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\default \log > 13:43:38,210 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Native Dir: > C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\defa ult\tmp\native 13:43:38,210 INFO > [ServerImpl] Server Temp Dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\defaul t\tmp > 13:43:38,210 INFO [ServerImpl] Server Temp Deploy Dir: > C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server \default\tmp\deploy 13:43:39,710 INFO > [ServerImpl] Starting Microcontainer, bootstrapURL=file:/C:/j > boss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/conf/bootstrap.xml 13:43:40,851 INFO > [VFSCacheFactory] Initializing VFSCache [org.jboss.virtual.pl > ugins.cache.IterableTimedVFSCache] 13:43:40,866 INFO > [VFSCacheFactory] Using VFSCache [IterableTimedVFSCache{lifet > ime=1800, resolution=60}] 13:43:41,616 INFO [CopyMechanism] VFS temp > dir: C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server\defaul t\tmp 13:43:41,648 INFO > [ZipEntryContext] VFS force nested jars copy-mode is enabled. > > 13:43:44,288 INFO [ServerInfo] Java version: 1.6.0_34,Sun > Microsystems Inc. 13:43:44,288 INFO [ServerInfo] Java VM: Java > HotSpot(TM) Server VM 20.9-b04,Sun Microsystems Inc. 13:43:44,288 > INFO [ServerInfo] OS-System: Windows XP 5.1,x86 13:43:44,569 INFO > [JMXKernel] Legacy JMX core initialized 13:43:50,148 INFO > [ProfileServiceImpl] Loading profile: default from: org.jboss > .system.server.profileservice.repository.SerializableDeploymentRepository@e72f0c > (root=C:\jboss-5.0.0.GA\server, > key=org.jboss.profileservice.spi.ProfileKey@143b > 82c3[domain=default,server=default,name=default]) 13:43:50,148 INFO > [ProfileImpl] Using repository:org.jboss.system.server.profil > eservice.repository.SerializableDeploymentRepository@e72f0c(root=C:\jboss-5.0.0. > GA\server, > key=org.jboss.profileservice.spi.ProfileKey@143b82c3[domain=default,s > erver=default,name=default]) 13:43:50,148 INFO [ProfileServiceImpl] > Loaded profile: ProfileImpl@8b3bb3{key=o > rg.jboss.profileservice.spi.ProfileKey@143b82c3[domain=default,server=default,na > me=default]} 13:43:54,804 INFO [WebService] Using RMI server > codebase: http://127.0.0.1:8083 / 13:44:12,147 INFO [CXFServerConfig] > JBoss Web Services - Stack CXF Runtime Serv er 13:44:12,147 INFO > [CXFServerConfig] 3.1.2.GA 13:44:29,788 INFO > [Ejb3DependenciesDeployer] Encountered deployment AbstractVFS > DeploymentContext@29776073{vfszip:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/myE-e > jb.jar} 13:44:29,819 INFO [Ejb3DependenciesDeployer] Encountered > deployment AbstractVFS > DeploymentContext@29776073{vfszip:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/myE-e > jb.jar} 13:44:29,819 INFO [Ejb3DependenciesDeployer] Encountered > deployment AbstractVFS > DeploymentContext@29776073{vfszip:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/myE-e > jb.jar} 13:44:29,819 INFO [Ejb3DependenciesDeployer] Encountered > deployment AbstractVFS > DeploymentContext@29776073{vfszip:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/myE-e > jb.jar} 13:44:37,116 INFO [JMXConnectorServerService] JMX Connector > server: service:jmx > :rmi://127.0.0.1/jndi/rmi://127.0.0.1:1090/jmxconnector 13:44:38,022 > INFO [MailService] Mail Service bound to java:/Mail 13:44:43,162 WARN > [JBossASSecurityMetadataStore] WARNING! POTENTIAL SECURITY RI SK. It > has been detected that the MessageSucker component which sucks > messages f rom one node to another has not had its password changed > from the installation d efault. Please see the JBoss Messaging user > guide for instructions on how to do this. 13:44:43,209 WARN > [AnnotationCreator] No ClassLoader provided, using TCCL: org. > jboss.managed.api.annotation.ManagementComponent 13:44:43,600 INFO > [TransactionManagerService] JBossTS Transaction Service (JTA version) > - JBoss Inc. 13:44:43,600 INFO [TransactionManagerService] Setting up property manager MBean and JMX layer 13:44:44,366 INFO > [TransactionManagerService] Initializing recovery manager 13:44:44,678 > INFO [TransactionManagerService] Recovery manager configured > 13:44:44,678 INFO [TransactionManagerService] Binding > TransactionManager JNDI R eference 13:44:44,787 INFO > [TransactionManagerService] Starting transaction recovery man ager > 13:44:46,428 INFO [Http11Protocol] Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on > http-127.0.0 .1-8080 13:44:46,459 INFO [AjpProtocol] Initializing > Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-127.0.0.1-80 09 13:44:46,459 INFO > [StandardService] Starting service jboss.web 13:44:46,475 INFO > [StandardEngine] Starting Servlet Engine: JBoss Web/2.1.1.GA > 13:44:46,616 INFO [Catalina] Server startup in 350 ms 13:44:46,709 > INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/web-console, vfsUrl=manag > ement/console-mgr.sar/web-console.war 13:44:48,553 INFO > [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/juddi, vfsUrl=juddi-servi > ce.sar/juddi.war 13:44:48,678 INFO [RegistryServlet] Loading jUDDI > configuration. 13:44:48,694 INFO [RegistryServlet] Resources loaded > from: /WEB-INF/juddi.prope rties 13:44:48,709 INFO [RegistryServlet] > Initializing jUDDI components. 13:44:48,991 INFO [TomcatDeployment] > deploy, ctxPath=/invoker, vfsUrl=http-invo ker.sar/invoker.war > 13:44:49,162 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/jbossws, > vfsUrl=jbossws.s ar/jbossws-management.war 13:44:49,475 INFO > [RARDeployment] Required license terms exist, view vfszip:/C: > /jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/jboss-local-jdbc.rar/META-INF/ra.xml > 13:44:49,569 INFO [RARDeployment] Required license terms exist, view > vfszip:/C: > /jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/jboss-xa-jdbc.rar/META-INF/ra.xml > 13:44:49,741 INFO [RARDeployment] Required license terms exist, view > vfszip:/C: > /jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/jms-ra.rar/META-INF/ra.xml > 13:44:49,819 INFO [RARDeployment] Required license terms exist, view > vfszip:/C: > /jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/mail-ra.rar/META-INF/ra.xml > 13:44:49,912 INFO [RARDeployment] Required license terms exist, view > vfszip:/C: > /jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/deploy/quartz-ra.rar/META-INF/ra.xml > 13:44:50,069 INFO [SimpleThreadPool] Job execution threads will use > class loade r of thread: main 13:44:50,115 INFO [QuartzScheduler] > Quartz Scheduler v.1.5.2 created. 13:44:50,131 INFO [RAMJobStore] > RAMJobStore initialized. 13:44:50,131 INFO [StdSchedulerFactory] > Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzSchedule r' initialized from default > resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties' > > 13:44:50,131 INFO [StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler version: > 1.5.2 13:44:50,131 INFO [QuartzScheduler] Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUS TERED started. 13:44:51,194 INFO > [ConnectionFactoryBindingService] Bound ConnectionManager 'jb > oss.jca:service=DataSourceBinding,name=DefaultDS' to JNDI name > 'java:DefaultDS' 13:44:51,819 WARN [QuartzTimerServiceFactory] sql > failed: CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB > _DETAILS(JOB_NAME VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, DESCRIPT ION VARCHAR(120) NULL, JOB_CLASS_NAME VARCHAR(128) NOT > NULL, IS_DURABLE VARCHAR( 1) NOT NULL, IS_VOLATILE VARCHAR(1) NOT > NULL, IS_STATEFUL VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL, R EQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) > NOT NULL, JOB_DATA BINARY NULL, PRIMARY KEY (JOB_NAM E,JOB_GROUP)) > 13:44:51,912 INFO [SimpleThreadPool] Job execution threads will use > class loade r of thread: main 13:44:51,928 INFO [QuartzScheduler] > Quartz Scheduler v.1.5.2 created. 13:44:51,928 INFO [JobStoreCMT] > Using db table-based data access locking (synch ronization). > 13:44:51,944 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Removed 0 Volatile Trigger(s). > 13:44:51,944 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Removed 0 Volatile Job(s). > 13:44:51,944 INFO [JobStoreCMT] JobStoreCMT initialized. 13:44:51,944 > INFO [StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler 'JBossEJB3QuartzSchedu > ler' initialized from an externally provided properties instance. > 13:44:51,959 INFO [StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler version: > 1.5.2 13:44:51,959 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Freed 0 triggers from 'acquired' / 'blocked' st ate. 13:44:51,975 INFO [JobStoreCMT] > Recovering 0 jobs that were in-progress at the time of the last > shut-down. 13:44:51,975 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Recovery complete. > 13:44:51,975 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Removed 0 'complete' triggers. > 13:44:51,975 INFO [JobStoreCMT] Removed 0 stale fired job entries. > 13:44:51,990 INFO [QuartzScheduler] Scheduler > JBossEJB3QuartzScheduler_$_NON_CL USTERED started. 13:44:52,381 INFO > [ServerPeer] JBoss Messaging 1.4.1.GA server [0] started 13:44:52,569 > INFO [QueueService] Queue[/queue/DLQ] started, fullSize=200000, pa > geSize=2000, downCacheSize=2000 13:44:52,584 INFO [QueueService] > Queue[/queue/ExpiryQueue] started, fullSize=20 0000, pageSize=2000, > downCacheSize=2000 13:44:52,709 INFO [ConnectionFactory] Connector > bisocket://127.0.0.1:4457 has l easing enabled, lease period 10000 > milliseconds 13:44:52,709 INFO [ConnectionFactory] > org.jboss.jms.server.connectionfactory.Co nnectionFactory@1a8ac5e > started 13:44:52,725 WARN [ConnectionFactoryJNDIMapper] > supportsFailover attribute is t rue on connection factory: > jboss.messaging.connectionfactory:service=ClusteredCo nnectionFactory > but post office is non clustered. So connection factory will *no t* > support failover 13:44:52,725 WARN [ConnectionFactoryJNDIMapper] > supportsLoadBalancing attribute is true on connection factory: > jboss.messaging.connectionfactory:service=Cluste redConnectionFactory > but post office is non clustered. So connection factory wil l *not* > support load balancing 13:44:52,740 INFO [ConnectionFactory] > Connector bisocket://127.0.0.1:4457 has l easing enabled, lease period > 10000 milliseconds 13:44:52,740 INFO [ConnectionFactory] > org.jboss.jms.server.connectionfactory.Co nnectionFactory@1d43178 > started 13:44:52,740 INFO [ConnectionFactory] Connector > bisocket://127.0.0.1:4457 has l easing enabled, lease period 10000 > milliseconds 13:44:52,756 INFO [ConnectionFactory] > org.jboss.jms.server.connectionfactory.Co nnectionFactory@52728a > started 13:44:53,084 INFO [ConnectionFactoryBindingService] Bound > ConnectionManager 'jb > oss.jca:service=ConnectionFactoryBinding,name=JmsXA' to JNDI name > 'java:JmsXA' 13:44:53,225 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/, > vfsUrl=ROOT.war 13:44:53,553 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, > ctxPath=/jmx-console, vfsUrl=jmx-c onsole.war 13:44:53,975 INFO > [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/TestService, vfsUrl=TestS > erviceEAR.ear/TestService.war 13:44:55,662 INFO [JBossASKernel] > Created KernelDeployment for: myE-ejb.jar 13:44:55,709 INFO > [JBossASKernel] installing bean: jboss.j2ee:jar=myE-ejb.jar,n > ame=RPSService,service=EJB3 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] with > dependencies: 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] and demands: > 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] > jboss.ejb:service=EJBTimerService 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] > and supplies: 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] > jndi:RPSService/remote 13:44:55,725 INFO [JBossASKernel] Added > bean(jboss.j2ee:jar=myE-ejb.jar,name=RP SService,service=EJB3) to > KernelDeployment of: myE-ejb.jar 13:44:56,772 INFO > [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=myE-ejb.jar,na > me=RPSService,service=EJB3 13:44:56,803 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED > EJB: com.monz.rpz.RPSService ejbName: RPSService 13:44:56,819 INFO > [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in G lobal > JNDI: > > > 13:44:57,381 INFO [DefaultEndpointRegistry] register: > jboss.ws:context=myE-ejb, endpoint=RPSService 13:44:57,428 INFO > [DescriptorDeploymentAspect] Add Service id=RPSService > address=http://127.0.0.1:8080/myE-ejb/RPSService > implementor=com.monz.rpz.RPSService > invoker=org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.InvokerEJB3 mtomEnabled=false > 13:44:57,459 INFO [DescriptorDeploymentAspect] JBossWS-CXF > configuration genera ted: > file:/C:/jboss-5.0.0.GA/server/default/tmp/jbossws/jbossws-cxf1864137209199 > 110130.xml 13:44:57,569 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/myE-ejb, vfsUrl=myE-ejb.j ar 13:44:57,709 WARN [config] > Unable to process deployment descriptor for context '/myE-ejb' > 13:44:59,334 INFO [Http11Protocol] Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on > http-127.0.0.1-8 080 13:44:59,397 INFO [AjpProtocol] Starting Coyote > AJP/1.3 on ajp-127.0.0.1-8009 13:44:59,459 INFO [ServerImpl] JBoss > (Microcontainer) [5.0.0.GA (build: SVNTag= JBoss_5_0_0_GA > date=200812041714)] Started in 1m:21s:233ms But Still I cant connect to It when I Type my IP address in my browser thanks

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• Help with Design for Vacation Tracking System (C#/.NET/Access/WebServices/SOA/Excel) [closed]

  - by Aaronaught

  I have been tasked with developing a system for tracking our company's paid time-off (vacation, sick days, etc.) At the moment we are using an Excel spreadsheet on a shared network drive, and it works pretty well, but we are concerned that we won't be able to "trust" employees forever and sometimes we run into locking issues when two people try to open the spreadsheet at once. So we are trying to build something a little more robust. I would like some input on this design in terms of maintainability, scalability, extensibility, etc. It's a pretty simple workflow we need to represent right now: I started with a basic MS Access schema like this: Employees (EmpID int, EmpName varchar(50), AllowedDays int) Vacations (VacationID int, EmpID int, BeginDate datetime, EndDate datetime) But we don't want to spend a lot of time building a schema and database like this and have to change it later, so I think I am going to go with something that will be easier to expand through configuration. Right now the vacation table has this schema: Vacations (VacationID int, PropName varchar(50), PropValue varchar(50)) And the table will be populated with data like this: VacationID | PropName | PropValue -----------+--------------+------------------ 1 | EmpID | 4 1 | EmpName | James Jones 1 | Reason | Vacation 1 | BeginDate | 2/24/2010 1 | EndDate | 2/30/2010 1 | Destination | Spectate Swamp 2 | ... | ... I think this is a pretty good, extensible design, we can easily add new properties to the vacation like the destination or maybe approval status, etc. I wasn't too sure how to go about managing the database of valid properties, I thought of putting them in a separate PropNames table but it gets complicated to manage all the different data types and people say that you shouldn't put CLR type names into a SQL database, so I decided to use XML instead, here is the schema: <VacationProperties> <PropertyNames>EmpID,EmpName,Reason,BeginDate,EndDate,Destination</PropertyNames> <PropertyTypes>System.Int32,System.String,System.String,System.DateTime,System.DateTime,System.String</PropertyTypes> <PropertiesRequired>true,true,false,true,true,false</PropertiesRequired> </VacationProperties> I might need more fields than that, I'm not completely sure. I'm parsing the XML like this (would like some feedback on the parsing code): string xml = File.ReadAllText("properties.xml"); Match m = Regex.Match(xml, "<(PropertyNames)>(.*?)</PropertyNames>"; string[] pn = m.Value.Split(','); // do the same for PropertyTypes, PropertiesRequired Then I use the following code to persist configuration changes to the database: string sql = "DROP TABLE VacationProperties"; sql = sql + " CREATE TABLE VacationProperties "; sql = sql + "(PropertyName varchar(100), PropertyType varchar(100) "; sql = sql + "IsRequired varchar(100))"; for (int i = 0; i < pn.Length; i++) { sql = sql + " INSERT VacationProperties VALUES (" + pn[i] + "," + pt[i] + "," + pv[i] + ")"; } // GlobalConnection is a singleton new SqlCommand(sql, GlobalConnection.Instance).ExecuteReader(); So far so good, but after a few days of this I then realized that a lot of this was just a more specific kind of a generic workflow which could be further abstracted, and instead of writing all of this boilerplate plumbing code I could just come up with a workflow and plug it into a workflow engine like Windows Workflow Foundation and have the users configure it: In order to support routing these configurations throw the workflow system, it seemed natural to implement generic XML Web Services for this instead of just using an XML file as above. I've used this code to implement the Web Services: public class VacationConfigurationService : WebService { [WebMethod] public void UpdateConfiguration(string xml) { // Above code goes here } } Which was pretty easy, although I'm still working on a way to validate that XML against some kind of schema as there's no error-checking yet. I also created a few different services for other operations like VacationSubmissionService, VacationReportService, VacationDataService, VacationAuthenticationService, etc. The whole Service Oriented Architecture looks like this: And because the workflow itself might change, I have been working on a way to integrate the WF workflow system with MS Visio, which everybody at the office already knows how to use so they could make changes pretty easily. We have a diagram that looks like the following (it's kind of hard to read but the main items are Activities, Authenticators, Validators, Transformers, Processors, and Data Connections, they're all analogous to the services in the SOA diagram above). The requirements for this system are: (Note - I don't control these, they were given to me by management) Main workflow must interface with Excel spreadsheet, probably through VBA macros (to ease the transition to the new system) Alerts should integrate with MS Outlook, Lotus Notes, and SMS (text messages). We also want to interface it with the company Voice Mail system but that is not a "hard" requirement. Performance requirements: Must handle 250,000 Transactions Per Second Should be able to handle up to 20,000 employees (right now we have 3) 99.99% uptime ("four nines") expected Must be secure against outside hacking, but users cannot be required to enter a username/password. Platforms: Must support Windows XP/Vista/7, Linux, iPhone, Blackberry, DOS 2.0, VAX, IRIX, PDP-11, Apple IIc. Time to complete: 6 to 8 weeks. My questions are: Is this a good design for the system so far? Am I using all of the recommended best practices for these technologies? How do I integrate the Visio diagram above with the Windows Workflow Foundation to call the ConfigurationService and persist workflow changes? Am I missing any important components? Will this be extensible enough to support any scenario via end-user configuration? Will the system scale to the above performance requirements? Will we need any expensive hardware to run it? Are there any "gotchas" I should know about with respect to cross-platform compatibility? For example would it be difficult to convert this to an iPhone app? How long would you expect this to take? (We've dedicated 1 week for testing so I'm thinking maybe 5 weeks?) Many thanks for your advices, Aaron

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• SQL Server add primary key

  - by Paul

  I have a table that needs to be given a new primary key, as my predecesor used a varchar(8) row as the primary key, and we are having problems with it now. I know how to add the primary key, but am not sure of the correct way to add this new primary key to other tables that have the foreign key. Here is what I have: users table: old_user_id varchar(8) ... ... new_user_id int(11) orders table: order_id int(11) ... ... old_user_fk varchar(8) new_user_fk int(11) I need to get the same results whether I join the tables on users.old_user_id=orders.old_user_fk or users.new_user_id=orders.new_user_fk. Any help is appreciated.

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• Design for Vacation Tracking System

  - by Aaronaught

  I have been tasked with developing a system for tracking our company's paid time-off (vacation, sick days, etc.) At the moment we are using an Excel spreadsheet on a shared network drive, and it works pretty well, but we are concerned that we won't be able to "trust" employees forever and sometimes we run into locking issues when two people try to open the spreadsheet at once. So we are trying to build something a little more robust. I would like some input on this design in terms of maintainability, scalability, extensibility, etc. It's a pretty simple workflow we need to represent right now: I started with a basic MS Access schema like this: Employees (EmpID int, EmpName varchar(50), AllowedDays int) Vacations (VacationID int, EmpID int, BeginDate datetime, EndDate datetime) But we don't want to spend a lot of time building a schema and database like this and have to change it later, so I think I am going to go with something that will be easier to expand through configuration. Right now the vacation table has this schema: Vacations (VacationID int, PropName varchar(50), PropValue varchar(50)) And the table will be populated with data like this: VacationID | PropName | PropValue -----------+--------------+------------------ 1 | EmpID | 4 1 | EmpName | James Jones 1 | Reason | Vacation 1 | BeginDate | 2/24/2010 1 | EndDate | 2/30/2010 1 | Destination | Spectate Swamp 2 | ... | ... I think this is a pretty good, extensible design, we can easily add new properties to the vacation like the destination or maybe approval status, etc. I wasn't too sure how to go about managing the database of valid properties, I thought of putting them in a separate PropNames table but it gets complicated to manage all the different data types and people say that you shouldn't put CLR type names into a SQL database, so I decided to use XML instead, here is the schema: <VacationProperties> <PropertyNames>EmpID,EmpName,Reason,BeginDate,EndDate,Destination</PropertyNames> <PropertyTypes>System.Int32,System.String,System.String,System.DateTime,System.DateTime,System.String</PropertyTypes> <PropertiesRequired>true,true,false,true,true,false</PropertiesRequired> </VacationProperties> I might need more fields than that, I'm not completely sure. I'm parsing the XML like this (would like some feedback on the parsing code): string xml = File.ReadAllText("properties.xml"); Match m = Regex.Match(xml, "<(PropertyNames)>(.*?)</PropertyNames>"; string[] pn = m.Value.Split(','); // do the same for PropertyTypes, PropertiesRequired Then I use the following code to persist configuration changes to the database: string sql = "DROP TABLE VacationProperties"; sql = sql + " CREATE TABLE VacationProperties "; sql = sql + "(PropertyName varchar(100), PropertyType varchar(100) "; sql = sql + "IsRequired varchar(100))"; for (int i = 0; i < pn.Length; i++) { sql = sql + " INSERT VacationProperties VALUES (" + pn[i] + "," + pt[i] + "," + pv[i] + ")"; } // GlobalConnection is a singleton new SqlCommand(sql, GlobalConnection.Instance).ExecuteReader(); So far so good, but after a few days of this I then realized that a lot of this was just a more specific kind of a generic workflow which could be further abstracted, and instead of writing all of this boilerplate plumbing code I could just come up with a workflow and plug it into a workflow engine like Windows Workflow Foundation and have the users configure it: In order to support routing these configurations throw the workflow system, it seemed natural to implement generic XML Web Services for this instead of just using an XML file as above. I've used this code to implement the Web Services: public class VacationConfigurationService : WebService { [WebMethod] public void UpdateConfiguration(string xml) { // Above code goes here } } Which was pretty easy, although I'm still working on a way to validate that XML against some kind of schema as there's no error-checking yet. I also created a few different services for other operations like VacationSubmissionService, VacationReportService, VacationDataService, VacationAuthenticationService, etc. The whole Service Oriented Architecture looks like this: And because the workflow itself might change, I have been working on a way to integrate the WF workflow system with MS Visio, which everybody at the office already knows how to use so they could make changes pretty easily. We have a diagram that looks like the following (it's kind of hard to read but the main items are Activities, Authenticators, Validators, Transformers, Processors, and Data Connections, they're all analogous to the services in the SOA diagram above). The requirements for this system are: (Note - I don't control these, they were given to me by management) Main workflow must interface with Excel spreadsheet, probably through VBA macros (to ease the transition to the new system) Alerts should integrate with MS Outlook, Lotus Notes, and SMS (text messages). We also want to interface it with the company Voice Mail system but that is not a "hard" requirement. Performance requirements: Must handle 250,000 Transactions Per Second Should be able to handle up to 20,000 employees (right now we have 3) 99.99% uptime ("four nines") expected Must be secure against outside hacking, but users cannot be required to enter a username/password. Platforms: Must support Windows XP/Vista/7, Linux, iPhone, Blackberry, DOS 2.0, VAX, IRIX, PDP-11, Apple IIc. Time to complete: 6 to 8 weeks. My questions are: Is this a good design for the system so far? Am I using all of the recommended best practices for these technologies? How do I integrate the Visio diagram above with the Windows Workflow Foundation to call the ConfigurationService and persist workflow changes? Am I missing any important components? Will this be extensible enough to support any scenario via end-user configuration? Will the system scale to the above performance requirements? Will we need any expensive hardware to run it? Are there any "gotchas" I should know about with respect to cross-platform compatibility? For example would it be difficult to convert this to an iPhone app? How long would you expect this to take? (We've dedicated 1 week for testing so I'm thinking maybe 5 weeks?)

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• T-sql Common expression query as subquery

  - by ase69s

  I have the following query: WITH Orders(Id) AS ( SELECT DISTINCT anfrageid FROM MPHotlineAnfrageAnhang ) SELECT Id, ( SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(255),anfragetext) + ' | ' FROM MPHotlineAnfrageAnhang WHERE anfrageid = Id ORDER BY anfrageid, erstelltam FOR XML PATH('') ) AS Descriptions FROM Orders Its concatenates varchar values of diferents rows grouped by an id. But now i want to include it as a subquery and it gives some errors i cant solve. Simplified example of use: select descriptions from ( WITH Orders(Id) AS ( SELECT DISTINCT anfrageid FROM MPHotlineAnfrageAnhang ) SELECT Id, ( SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(255),anfragetext) + ' | ' FROM MPHotlineAnfrageAnhang WHERE anfrageid = Id ORDER BY anfrageid, erstelltam FOR XML PATH('') ) AS Descriptions FROM Orders ) as tx where id=100012 Errors (Aproximate translation from spanish): -Incorrect sintaxis near 'WITH'. -Incorrect sintaxis near 'WITH'. If the instruction is a common table expression or a xmlnamespaces clause, the previous instruction must end with semicolon. -Incorrect sintaxis near ')'. What im doing wrong?

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• RTF to TEXT in sql server

  - by user360109

  I have a RTF field in my SQL 2005 table, I need to convert it to Text and display it. After a quick research I got the following method... create function dbo.RTF2TXT(@in varchar(8000)) RETURNS varchar(8000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @object int DECLARE @hr int DECLARE @out varchar(8000) -- Create an object that points to the SQL Server EXEC @hr = sp_OACreate 'RICHTEXT.RichtextCtrl', @object OUT EXEC @hr = sp_OASetProperty @object, 'TextRTF', @in EXEC @hr = sp_OAGetProperty @object, 'Text', @out OUT EXEC @hr = sp_OADestroy @object return @out END GO select dbo.RTF2TXT('{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1 aaa}') But Here I am getting only NULL as result... What could be the issue, please suggest Thanks

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• Retreive a value inside a stored procedure and use it inside that stored procedure

  - by sai

  delimiter // CREATE DEFINER=root@localhost PROCEDUREgetData(IN templateName VARCHAR(45),IN templateVersion VARCHAR(45),IN userId VARCHAR(45)) BEGIN set @version = CONCAT("SELECT saveOEMsData_answersVersion FROMsaveOEMsData WHERE saveOEMsData_templateName = '",templateName,"' ANDsaveOEMsData_templateVersion = ",templateVersion," AND saveOEMsData_userId= ",userId); PREPARE s1 from @version; EXECUTE S1; END // delimiter ; I am retreiving saveOEMsData_answersVersion, but I have to use it in an IF loop, as in if the version == 1, then I would use a query, else I would use something else. But I am not able to use the version. Could someone help with this?? I am only able to print but not able to use the version for data manipulation. The procedure works fine but I am unable to proceed to next step which is the if condition. The if condition would have something like the below mentioned. IF(ver == 1) THEN SELECT "1"; END IF;

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• SQL server query not showing daily date result

  - by Andrew Jahn

  I have a simple user production report where daily quotas are tracked. The sql returns a weeks worth of data for all users and for each day it tracks their totals. The problem is if they are out for a day and have a zero production for that day then the result query just skips that day and leaves it out. I want to return days even if the table has no entries for the person on that day. table: user date andy 3/22/10 andy 3/22/10 andy 3/23/10 andy 3/24/10 andy 3/26/10 result: andy 3/22/10 2 3/23/10 1 3/24/10 1 3/25/10 0 3/26/10 1 So my question is how do I get the query to return that 3/25/10 date with a count of 0. (current query I'm using): SELECT A.USUS_ID as Processor, CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),A.CLST_STS_DTM,101) as Date, COUNT(A.CLCL_ID) as DailyTotal FROM CMC_CLST_STATUS A WHERE A.CLST_STS_DTM >= (@Day) AND DATEADD(d, 5, @Day) > A.CLST_STS_DTM GROUP BY A.USUS_ID, CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),A.CLST_STS_DTM,101) ORDER BY A.USUS_ID, CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),A.CLST_STS_DTM,101)

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