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• iptables forward rule not working in openwrt

  - by Udit Gupta

  I am trying to apply some iptables forwarding rules in openwrt. Here is my scenario - My server has two cards ath0 and br-lan. br-lan is connected to internet and ath0 to private network. The other m/c in n/w also has ath0 that connects with this server's ath0 and they are able to ping each other. Now, I want other m/c in network to use internet using br-lan of server so I thought of using iptables forwarding rule- Here is what I tried - Server : $ ping 1.1.1.6 // <ath0-ip of client> works fine $ iptables -A FORWARD -i ath0 -o br-lan -j ACCEPT $ /etc/init.d/firewall restart Client : $ ping 1.1.1.5 // <ath0-ip of server> works fine $ ping 132.245.244.60 // <br-lan ip of server> (not working) I am new to iptables stuff and openwrt. What I am doing wrong here ?? Any other help if anyone could suggest for my scenario Edit- m/c - machine n/w - network

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• Qmail: relay only from selected servers based on rDNS

  - by Frank

  I'm looking for a way to disable Qmail relaying for everyone, but allow one certain group of hosts to do so. These hosts all use the same identifying rDNS entry. In Exchange 2003, Postfix, Exim and cPanel this can be achieved pretty easily. However, the only to do this with Qmail is to do this based on IP's. The IP's however tend to change. These changes can occur at any time, and it is impossible to keep all the servers up-to-date to the new IP's. Running a script that resolves the hostname and whitelists them accordingly is my last-resort option, but this is not fool-proof. Does anyone know whether this is possible and if so, how? Thanks!

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• How to route traffic from a subnet 10.0.0.x to a network 200.208.88.17

  - by Guilherme Longo

  I have the following configuration Router : IP: 200.208.88.17 (Internet) MASK: 255.255.255.40 Server 2003 : IP: 10.0.0.1 (with dhcp server ativated) dhcp scope: 10.0.0.11 - 10.0.0.254 MASK: 255.255.255.0 clients : IP: 10.0.0.11 - 10.0.0.254 MASK: 255.255.255.0 At this point I have all computer set-up in one switch. All clients are receiving ip´s from the dhcp server. I need to enable the internet in every client. I am not sure how to route the traffic from the clients to the router that is providing internet access. Could you please point me to the right direction?

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• Lan, vpn on Amazon EC2, how to?

  The problem is as follows: I have 2 windows2003 server instances running on the cloud. 1) How can I create a local area network from these 2 instances? 2) Assuming that I want to create a VPN network from these 2 instances, how do I do that? (I'm not very good in networking, therefor the above problem description might be incomplete or not very clear.) A detailed answer or clarification would be praised and appreciated! What I tried: 1) Setting up OpenVPN, but I got lost in the process. 2) Creating a VPN from windows2003 server in the following manner: on instance a): set up a dhcp server; set up an "accept income vpn" connection; with the followin tcp ip settings: obtain an ip from the dhcp server; on instance b): created a new vpn connection, tried to connect to intance A, using the instance A static IP but error 806 was thrown, something relate to a GRE protocol.

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• Posting data from multiple servers routing through one server to client server

  - by Swaroop Kundeti

  I have 5 webservers behind Load balancer and we have a client server at other end. Client has white listed my 5 webserver public ip so that my webservers will post a file to the client server. Here the problem is my webservers is going to increase and i cannot always ask client to make my new webserver ip's white list. So i would like to make my infra this way, my webservers will post data to the client server routing from a single server. Like assume that web-1 is main server and the remaining 4 web servers will post data to client server routing through main web-1. I was told that this can be achieved by doing IP Tunneling. But i have no idea how to do that. Would be great for any kind of help.

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• What to do if I can't ping my DNS?

  - by Moshe Lewin

  On my Windows XP SP3 machine I can only browse (with any browser) by putting in an ip address. If I put in any domain name it doesn't work. Skype and IM work. In command prompt nslookup works to resolve the name to an ip address, but ping does not work using a domain name, only using the ip address. Other computers on the same network can surf the net normally without any problems. I am not using a proxy. I already reset winsock and tcpip stack to no avail. Can anyone help me solve the problem?

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• How to stop pptpd even when there are active vpn client connections?

  - by Michael Z

  After issued command to stop pptpd, the pptpd won't stop until all the VPN client has disconnected. The following code shows pptpd is still running after issuing the stop command. ubuntu@ip-10-138-31-87:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/pptpd stop Stopping PPTP: pptpd. ubuntu@ip-10-138-31-87:~$ ps -ef |grep pptpd root 5524 1 0 21:46 ? 00:00:00 pptpd [<myIp>:8544 - 0000] root 5525 5524 0 21:46 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/pppd local file /etc/ppp/pptpd-options 115200 192.168.0.1:192.168.0.234 ipparam <myIP> plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so pptpd-original-ip <myIP> ubuntu 5564 4668 0 21:50 pts/4 00:00:00 grep --color=auto pptpd After all the active vpn client connections were disconnected mannually, the pptpd then stops. Is there a way that pptpd can be forced to stop even there are active vpn client connections?

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• Using VMWare Workstation, to convert a physical Win2008 into a templtae

  - by SndLt

  I'm new to VMware and despite having read the documentations, I'm having trouble. I'm using VMware workstation Stand-Alone package to turn a physical Win Server 2008 R2 into a usable VM appliance. The source and destination part is getting me here. It seems using keyword "localhost" doesn't cut all the way through. Does the shared folder have to be in my local drive for that matter? For ip, am I using the simple private IP that my nearest DHCP has given me? But what if I have more than one interfaces that have two or three different private ip addresses? Thanks.

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• Why do I see router and not my real IIS?

  - by Tim Tom

  I am trying to access IIS through web but unable to do so. Basically I have a router (which functions as router and modem) that is given by ISP and I have another router connected to the router given by ISP. My ISP's router can be visited through 192.168.0.1 and the router that I connected to ISP's router can be visited through 192.168.1.1 Please see my ISP's router: As you can see I have DMZ enabled for my router of 192.168.1.1 Now please see my router of 192.168.1.1: As you can see I added a virtual server for port 80 where 192.168.1.125 is my private IP. I rebooted both of my modems an tried to visit my IP from: http://www.whatsmyip.org/ and after doing so, when I type my live IP I still see my router of 192.168.0.1 instead of my IIS. What am I missing? Note: I have disabled Firewall on both of the routers. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Why do I see router and not my real IIS?

  - by Tim Tom

  I am trying to access IIS through web but unable to do so. Basically I have a router (which functions as router and modem) that is given by ISP and I have another router connected to the router given by ISP. My ISP's router can be visited through 192.168.0.1 and the router that I connected to ISP's router can be visited through 192.168.1.1 Please see my ISP's router: As you can see I have DMZ enabled for my router of 192.168.1.1 Now please see my router of 192.168.1.1: As you can see I added a virtual server for port 80 where 192.168.1.125 is my private IP. I rebooted both of my modems an tried to visit my IP from: http://www.whatsmyip.org/ and after doing so, when I type my live IP I still see my router of 192.168.0.1 instead of my IIS. What am I missing? Note: I have disabled Firewall on both of the routers. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Force10 S60 remote management

  - by StaringSkyward

  We've got a Force10 S60 switch to replace an older Cisco. I can't find a way to give the switch itself an IP address on the local VLAN so I can ssh to it. The config guide talks about using either a management interface on a separate management network or dedicating e.g. a gigabit port as a management port with a dedicated IP address. Ideally I would like to do what we do currently with the Cisco switches, which is in effect give the entire switch an IP so it can be reached from any host on the same VLAN without having to use up a physical port on the switch or physically connect the management port to another device. Is this possible with the S60 and if so, how would you give it, say the address 10.0.1.1 in vlan 10 (10.0.1.1/24)? Thanks!!!

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• DNS resolution not working on Browsers but on Shell

  - by Shyam Sunder Verma

  Running dig/ping on any domain, give me correct ip. When I try to browse google.com in browser it does not work. When I pick the IP (via ping) and use it in browser, website open via IP fine. But further work does not work, because of name resolution problem. DO NOT works fine on : Ubuntu 9.10 installed in Virtual Box over Windows. Ubuntu 10.10 installed in Virtual Box over Windows. Ubuntu 9.10 installed on laptop. But Internet works fine on windows vista installed on laptop.

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• RewriteCond in .htaccess file gives me bad flag delimiters

  - by Steven

  I'm upgrading a website and I use this .htaccess file to show maintenance page: #MAINTENANCE-PAGE REDIRECT RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} !^127\.0\.0\.0 # Bogus IP address for posting here RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} !^127\.0\.0\.0 # Bogus IP address for posting here RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/maintenance\.html$ RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.mysite.no/maintenance.html [R=307,L] This opens the maintenance page for all users except the two IP addresses I've added. They get an Internal Server Error. I've used thesame script on another site, and that worked fine. Looking at the error log, I see the following: /var/www/vhosts/mysite.no/httpdocs/.htaccess: RewriteCond: bad flag delimiters If I remove my .htaccess file, I can work with my site just fine. My site is hosted on a VPN using CentOS 5. How can I fix this problem?

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• DNS A vs NS record

  - by Tiddo

  I'm trying to understand DNS a bit better, but I still don't get A and NS records completely. As far as I understood, the A record tells which IP-address belongs to a (sub) domain, so far it was still clear to me. But as I understood, the NS record tells which nameserver points belongs to a (sub) domain, and that nameserver should tell which IP-address belongs to a (sub) domain. But that was already specified in the A record in the same DNS file. So can someone explain to me what the NS records and nameservers exactly do, because probably I understood something wrong. edit: As I understand you correctly, a NS record tells you were to find the DNS server with the A record for a certain domain, and the A record tells you which ip-address belongs to a domain. But what is the use of putting an A and an NS record in the same DNS file? If there is already an A record for a certain domain, then why do you need to point to another DNS server, which would probably give you the same information?

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• Sonicwall NAT Policy Loopback

  - by John

  I have an issue and am pretty perplexed over it. I have a sonicwall and its setup with NAT polices and reflexive nat for an internal web server. That is, only 2 policies, no loopback policy, and the internal clients can access the web server by public ip no problems. Now, on another connection, another sonicwall, i have the exact same setup for another web server, with exact same policies (obviously different IP's) and the internal clients can't access the internal website by its public IP without creating the loopback policy. Maybe on the first one I've overlooked it, but I don't see any loopback what so ever and its working fine. My question is, does anyone know why the first one works like this but the second one needs the loopback policy? Thanks

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• Sharing Internet Connection using an ad-hoc wifi network

  - by Apps

  I've installed a WiFi Adapter in my Windows XP PC and created an ad-hoc network. I am able to connect to the network through my iPod Touch. On the same PC I have a LAN connection to the Internet. I need to share this internet connection to my iPod too. The problem is Windows did not assign an IP Address (even though assign IP address automatically is selected) to this WiFi network. When I tried to share the Internet connection, I got a message that LAN Network Adapter's IP address will be changed to 192.168.1.1. But if this happens I will not be able to connect to other devices/servers in my LAN Network. How do I share the Internet connection through WiFi?

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• Unable to access Citrix XenApp 6 published applications externally

  - by Christopher McCann

  We are trying to use a trial of Citrix XenApp 6 Fundamentals to virtualise a couple of applications as a proof of concept. We haven't ever used it before so I confess to be a noob with it. We can connect to the XenApp web interface, and the iPad app will connect and list the applications, but the applications themselves will not load. I discovered in the .ica file that it was attempting to connect to the internal IP address of the server instead of its static external. I have been following various threads on Citrix but nothing seems to have fixed it for me. The server is deployed on an EC2 instance with a static elastic IP. All the ports are opened and I can telnet into the XenApp server on 1493 and I get the ICA response. I have also run on ALTADDR and provided the external IP address. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• Can't connect to VPN in Windows XP mode

  - by darkstar13

  I have Windows 7 x32 installed on my laptop. I have also Windows XP mode installed. My setup is that my work-remote programs are in Windows XP mode because my VPN installer in Windows XP only. Lately, I have been having troubles getting on / logging in to VPN. I can access the internet in WinXP mode but When I ping the IP address of the target IP of my VPN network (or even just Google.com), I always get a 'Request Timeout'. However, when I ping the same IP address in command prompt in Windows 7, I get 100% data sent. Is there anything I need to adjust? Before, I have been able to connect instantly. Now, it's like trial and error, or I will have to wait for hours just to be able to enter logon credentials in Cisco VPN dialer. NAT is my network adapter in XP mode.

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• SSH as root using public key still prompts for password on RHEL 6.1

  - by Dean Schulze

  I've generated rsa keys with cygwin ssh-keygen and copied them to the server with ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub root@my.ip.address I've got the following settings in my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys PermitRootLogin yes When I ssh root@my.ip.address it still prompts for a password. The output below from /usr/sbin/sshd -d says that a matching keys was found in the .ssh/authorized_keys file, but it still requires a password from the client. I've read a bunch of web postings about permissions on files and directories, but nothing works. Is it possible to ssh with keys in RHEL 6.1 or is this forbidden? The debug output from ssh and sshd is below. $ ssh -v root@my.ip.address OpenSSH_6.1p1, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012 debug1: Connecting to my.ip.address [my.ip.address] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH_5* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA 9f:00:e0:1e:a2:cd:05:53:c8:21:d5:69:25:80:39:92 debug1: Host 'my.ip.address' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/dschulze/.ssh/known_hosts:3 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Offering DSA public key: /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Trying private key: /home/dschulze/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: Next authentication method: password Here is the server output from /usr/sbin/sshd -d [root@ga2-lab .ssh]# /usr/sbin/sshd -d debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_5.3p1 debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA debug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA debug1: rexec_argv[0]='/usr/sbin/sshd' debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d' debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0. Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22. debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::. Server listening on :: port 22. debug1: Server will not fork when running in debugging mode. debug1: rexec start in 5 out 5 newsock 5 pipe -1 sock 8 debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 3, 3 Connection from 172.60.254.24 port 53401 debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_6.1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.1 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: permanently_set_uid: 74/74 debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST received debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: KEX done debug1: userauth-request for user root service ssh-connection method none debug1: attempt 0 failures 0 debug1: PAM: initializing for "root" debug1: userauth-request for user root service ssh-connection method publickey debug1: attempt 1 failures 0 debug1: test whether pkalg/pkblob are acceptable debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "172.60.254.24" debug1: PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh" debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 0/0 (e=0/0) debug1: trying public key file /root/.ssh/authorized_keys debug1: fd 4 clearing O_NONBLOCK debug1: matching key found: file /root/.ssh/authorized_keys, line 1 Found matching RSA key: db:b3:b9:b1:c9:df:6d:e1:03:5b:57:d3:d9:c4:4e:5c debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 Postponed publickey for root from 172.60.254.24 port 53401 ssh2 debug1: userauth-request for user root service ssh-connection method publickey debug1: attempt 2 failures 0 debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 0/0 (e=0/0) debug1: trying public key file /root/.ssh/authorized_keys debug1: fd 4 clearing O_NONBLOCK debug1: matching key found: file /root/.ssh/authorized_keys, line 1 Found matching RSA key: db:b3:b9:b1:c9:df:6d:e1:03:5b:57:d3:d9:c4:4e:5c debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: do_pam_account: called Accepted publickey for root from 172.60.254.24 port 53401 ssh2 debug1: monitor_child_preauth: root has been authenticated by privileged process debug1: temporarily_use_uid: 0/0 (e=0/0) debug1: ssh_gssapi_storecreds: Not a GSSAPI mechanism debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 debug1: SELinux support enabled debug1: PAM: establishing credentials PAM: pam_open_session(): Authentication failure debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2. debug1: server_init_dispatch_20 debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 0 win 1048576 max 16384 debug1: input_session_request debug1: channel 0: new [server-session] debug1: session_new: session 0 debug1: session_open: channel 0 debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0 debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session debug1: server_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0 debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request pty-req reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req pty-req debug1: Allocating pty. debug1: session_pty_req: session 0 alloc /dev/pts/1 ssh_selinux_setup_pty: security_compute_relabel: Invalid argument debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request shell reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req shell debug1: Setting controlling tty using TIOCSCTTY. debug1: Received SIGCHLD. debug1: session_by_pid: pid 17323 debug1: session_exit_message: session 0 channel 0 pid 17323 debug1: session_exit_message: release channel 0 debug1: session_pty_cleanup: session 0 release /dev/pts/1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_close_by_channel: channel 0 child 0 debug1: session_close: session 0 pid 0 debug1: channel 0: free: server-session, nchannels 1 Received disconnect from 172.60.254.24: 11: disconnected by user debug1: do_cleanup debug1: PAM: cleanup debug1: PAM: deleting credentials

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• How does Windows Remote Desktop Connection Work?

  - by Devoted

  How does Windows Remote Desktop connection work? An IP address is used to connect to the computer but....how can that IP be accessed from anywhere? If, for example, the IP address is 128.10.10.10, there MUST be another 128.10.10.10 somewhere else in the world. How does Remote Desktop know which one to connect to? Thanks so much EDIT: Thank you! Answers cleared this up quite a bit. But if my remote desktop connection suddenly stopped working and I didn't change anything, how do I even start to diagnose what may be the problem? I can remote connect to it from a LAN computer though...

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• How do I delete a route in OS X 10.5

  - by authormichael-olsen-craig

  I somehow configured my Mac to route all requests for a particular IP Name (sample.com) to the loopback address (127.0.0.1). Now I'm trying to remove this, but can't determine where to do it. There is no entry for it under /etc/hosts. The routing table shows that it is mapping the IP Name to the IP address of the Mac. Routing table output below: Internet: Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire default 192.168.2.1 UGSc 4 1 en0 127 sample.com UCS 0 0 lo0 sample.com sample.com UH 1 7093 lo0 169.254 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0 192.168.2 link#4 UCS 6 0 en0 192.168.2.1 0:11:22:22:3f:fa UHLW 20 55565 en0 1070 192.168.2.15 tsema.org UHS 0 9 lo0 192.168.2.255 link#4 UHLWb 4 84777 en0 Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Netsh commands not working on remote computer

  - by Mike Christiansen

  Hello, At work, we are in the process of migrating over 200 computers from static IPs to DHCP. The DHCP server is configured. My biggest hurdle is physically going to every single computer in the area and configuring them all for DHCP. I am trying to use netsh to accomplish this. However, I cannot even seem to set one computer to DHCP remotely. The command I am trying is: netsh -r COMPUTERNAME interface ip set address name="Local Area Connection" source=dhcp netsh -r COMPUTERNAME interface ip set dns name="Local Area Connection" source=dhcp This results in the error The following command was not found: interface ip set address "name=Local Area Connection" source=dhcp. Any ideas?

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• Cross-platform, human-readable, du on root partition that truly ignores other filesystems

  - by nice_line

  I hate this so much: Linux builtsowell 2.6.18-274.7.1.el5 #1 SMP Mon Oct 17 11:57:14 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux df -kh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/mpath0p2 8.8G 8.7G 90M 99% / /dev/mapper/mpath0p6 2.0G 37M 1.9G 2% /tmp /dev/mapper/mpath0p3 5.9G 670M 4.9G 12% /var /dev/mapper/mpath0p1 494M 86M 384M 19% /boot /dev/mapper/mpath0p7 7.3G 187M 6.7G 3% /home tmpfs 48G 6.2G 42G 14% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/o10g.bin 25G 7.4G 17G 32% /app/SIP/logs /dev/mapper/o11g.bin 25G 11G 14G 43% /o11g tmpfs 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /dev/vx lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_backup/epmxs1q1 686G 507G 180G 74% /rpmqa/backup lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/bisxs1q1 4.0G 1.6G 2.5G 38% /bisxs1q/rdoctl1 lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_backup/bisxs1q1 686G 507G 180G 74% /bisxs1q/backup lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_exp/bisxs1q1 2.0T 1.1T 984G 52% /bisxs1q/exp lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_home/bisxs1q1 10G 174M 9.9G 2% /bisxs1q/home lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_data/bisxs1q1 52G 5.2G 47G 10% /bisxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/bisxs1q2 4.0G 1.6G 2.5G 38% /bisxs1q/rdoctl2 ip-address1:/vol/oradb_home/cspxs1q1 10G 184M 9.9G 2% /cspxs1q/home ip-address2:/vol/oradb_backup/cspxs1q1 674G 314G 360G 47% /cspxs1q/backup ip-address2:/vol/oradb_redo/cspxs1q1 4.0G 1.5G 2.6G 37% /cspxs1q/rdoctl1 ip-address2:/vol/oradb_exp/cspxs1q1 4.1T 1.5T 2.6T 37% /cspxs1q/exp ip-address2:/vol/oradb_redo/cspxs1q2 4.0G 1.5G 2.6G 37% /cspxs1q/rdoctl2 ip-address1:/vol/oradb_data/cspxs1q1 160G 23G 138G 15% /cspxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_exp/epmxs1q1 2.0T 1.1T 984G 52% /epmxs1q/exp lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_home/epmxs1q1 10G 80M 10G 1% /epmxs1q/home lunmonster2q:/vol/oradb_data/epmxs1q1 330G 249G 82G 76% /epmxs1q/oradata lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/epmxs1q2 5.0G 609M 4.5G 12% /epmxs1q/rdoctl2 lunmonster1q:/vol/oradb_redo/epmxs1q1 5.0G 609M 4.5G 12% /epmxs1q/rdoctl1 /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol1 183G 17G 157G 10% /slaxs1q/backup /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol4 173G 58G 106G 36% /slaxs1q/oradata /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol5 75G 952M 71G 2% /slaxs1q/exp /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol2 9.8G 381M 8.9G 5% /slaxs1q/home /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol6 4.0G 1.6G 2.2G 42% /slaxs1q/rdoctl1 /dev/vx/dsk/slaxs1q/slaxs1q-vol3 4.0G 1.6G 2.2G 42% /slaxs1q/rdoctl2 /dev/mapper/appoem 30G 1.3G 27G 5% /app/em Yet, I equally, if not quite a bit more, also hate this: SunOS solarious 5.10 Generic_147440-19 sun4u sparc SUNW,SPARC-Enterprise Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on kiddie001Q_rpool/ROOT/s10s_u8wos_08a 8G 7.7G 1.3G 96% / /devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab swap 15G 1.8M 15G 1% /etc/svc/volatile objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd kiddie001Q_rpool/ROOT/s10s_u8wos_08a/var 31G 8.3G 6.6G 56% /var swap 512M 4.6M 507M 1% /tmp swap 15G 88K 15G 1% /var/run swap 15G 0K 15G 0% /dev/vx/dmp swap 15G 0K 15G 0% /dev/vx/rdmp /dev/dsk/c3t4d4s0 3 20G 279G 41G 88% /fs_storage /dev/vx/dsk/oracle/ora10g-vol1 292G 214G 73G 75% /o10g /dev/vx/dsk/oec/oec-vol1 64G 33G 31G 52% /oec/runway /dev/vx/dsk/oracle/ora9i-vol1 64G 33G 31G 59% /o9i /dev/vx/dsk/home 23G 18G 4.7G 80% /export/home /dev/vx/dsk/dbwork/dbwork-vol1 292G 214G 73G 92% /db03/wk01 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebusredovol 2.0G 475M 1.5G 24% /u21 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebusbckupvol 200G 32G 166G 17% /u31 /dev/vx/dsk/oradg/ebuscrtlvol 2.0G 475M 1.5G 24% /u20 kiddie001Q_rpool 31G 97K 6.6G 1% /kiddie001Q_rpool monsterfiler002q:/vol/ebiz_patches_nfs/NSA0304 203G 173G 29G 86% /oracle/patches /dev/odm 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/odm The people with the authority don't rotate logs or delete packages after install in my environment. Standards, remediation, cohesion...all fancy foreign words to me. ============== How am I supposed to deal with / filesystem full issues across multiple platforms that have a devastating number of mounts? On Red Hat el5, du -x apparently avoids traversal into other filesystems. While this may be so, it does not appear to do anything if run from the / directory. On Solaris 10, the equivalent flag is du -d, which apparently packs no surprises, allowing Sun to uphold its legacy of inconvenience effortlessly. (I'm hoping I've just been doing it wrong.) I offer up for sacrifice my Frankenstein's monster. Tell me how ugly it is. Tell me I should download forbidden 3rd party software. Tell me I should perform unauthorized coreutils updates, piecemeal, across 2000 systems, with no single sign-on, no authorized keys, and no network update capability. Then, please help me make this bastard better: pwd / du * | egrep -v "$(echo $(df | awk '{print $1 "\n" $5 "\n" $6}' | \ cut -d\/ -f2-5 | egrep -v "[0-9]|^$|Filesystem|Use|Available|Mounted|blocks|vol|swap")| \ sed 's/ /\|/g')" | egrep -v "proc|sys|media|selinux|dev|platform|system|tmp|tmpfs|mnt|kernel" | \ cut -d\/ -f1-2 | sort -k2 -k1,1nr | uniq -f1 | sort -k1,1n | cut -f2 | xargs du -shx | \ egrep "G|[5-9][0-9]M|[1-9][0-9][0-9]M" My biggest failure and regret is that it still requires a single character edit for Solaris: pwd / du * | egrep -v "$(echo $(df | awk '{print $1 "\n" $5 "\n" $6}' | \ cut -d\/ -f2-5 | egrep -v "[0-9]|^$|Filesystem|Use|Available|Mounted|blocks|vol|swap")| \ sed 's/ /\|/g')" | egrep -v "proc|sys|media|selinux|dev|platform|system|tmp|tmpfs|mnt|kernel" | \ cut -d\/ -f1-2 | sort -k2 -k1,1nr | uniq -f1 | sort -k1,1n | cut -f2 | xargs du -shd | \ egrep "G|[5-9][0-9]M|[1-9][0-9][0-9]M" This will exclude all non / filesystems in a du search from the / directory by basically munging an egrepped df from a second pipe-delimited egrep regex subshell exclusion that is naturally further excluded upon by a third egrep in what I would like to refer to as "the whale." The munge-fest frantically escalates into some xargs du recycling where -x/-d is actually useful, and a final, gratuitous egrep spits out a list of directories that almost feels like an accomplishment: Linux: 54M etc/gconf 61M opt/quest 77M opt 118M usr/ ##===\ 149M etc 154M root 303M lib/modules 313M usr/java ##====\ 331M lib 357M usr/lib64 ##=====\ 433M usr/lib ##========\ 1.1G usr/share ##=======\ 3.2G usr/local ##========\ 5.4G usr ##<=============Ascending order to parent 94M app/SIP ##<==\ 94M app ##<=======Were reported as 7gb and then corrected by second du with -x. Solaris: 63M etc 490M bb 570M root/cores.ric.20100415 1.7G oec/archive 1.1G root/packages 2.2G root 1.7G oec Guess what? It's really slow. Edit: Are there any bash one-liner heroes out there than can turn my bloated abomination into divine intervention, or at least something resembling gingerly copypasta?

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• XenServer VM's lose network settings

  - by Ash

  We deploy virtual machines using Citrix XenServer 6.0 for our clients. Two seperate clients experience the same issue: when a Server 2008 virtual machine is restarted, the static IP addresses (network address, subnet, gateway, primary DNS) don't appear to apply correctly as the IP's cannot be pinged, network services cannot be accessed etc. The issue is resolved by manually switching the network adapters to DHCP, then re-setting them to the original static IP's. While not a major issue, it's a pain when restarting servers due to Windows Updates, plus iSCSI drives need to be manually connected to Windows again via iSCSI Initiator. We have tried removed the network adapters from the virtual machine under XenCentre but without luck. Anyone experienced similar issues?

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• How does Router know where to forward packet

  - by kornelijepetak

  If several computers with local addresses (192.168.0.#) are connected to a router and each computer opens a web browser and requests a page over HTTP, when these TCP:80 packets are sent out, the router switches the local address with the static IP of the router (i.e. Provider given IP) so the server can reply to the appropriate address. But how does the router know to which computer to forward the HTTP reply, since the TCP header does not contain the local IP address (does it?), and all computers are using port 80? Does this have anything to do with the MAC addresses? How exactly does this work?

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