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  • What is the difference between an Abstract Syntax Tree and a Concrete Syntax Tree?

    - by Jason Baker
    I've been reading a bit about how interpreters/compilers work, and one area where I'm getting confused is the difference between an AST and a CST. My understanding is that the parser makes a CST, hands it to the semantic analyzer which turns it into an AST. However, my understanding is that the semantic analyzer simply ensures that rules are followed. I don't really understand why it would actually make any changes to make it abstract rather than concrete. Is there something that I'm missing about the semantic analyzer, or is the difference between an AST and CST somewhat artificial?

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  • Three ways of ataching to events with dojo. What exactly is the difference?

    - by Mark
    Is the difference here just various syntactical sugars or is there a reason to use one approach over the other? They all work, and to be a little more confusing what is the difference between this and evt.currentTarget? the CSS #reportDetails table tr:hover td, #reportDetails table tr.hover td { background: #aae4e2; color: #333333; } Sample html <div id="reportDetails"> <table> <tr> <td> something</td> <td> soemthing else</td> </tr> <tr> <td> something2</td> <td> soemthing else2</td> </tr> </table> </div> dojo.behavior script dojo.require("dojo.behavior"); if (dojo.isIE <= 6) { dojo.behavior.add({ '#reportDetails tr': { onmouseover: function(evt){ dojo.addClass(evt.currentTarget, "hover");}, onmouseout: function(evt){dojo.removeClass(evt.currentTarget, "hover"); } } }); } dojo.behavior.apply(); dojo.query forEach script if (dojo.isIE <= 6) { dojo.addOnLoad(function() { dojo.query("tr", "reportDetails").forEach(function(node){ node.onmouseover=function(){dojo.addClass(node,"hover");} node.onmouseout=function() {dojo.removeClass(node,"hover");} } }); }); } dojo.query ataching straight to the events if (dojo.isIE <= 6) { dojo.addOnLoad(function(){ dojo.query("tr", "reportDetails") .onmouseover(function(evt){dojo.addClass(evt.currentTarget, "hover");}) .onmouseout(function(evt){dojo.removeClass(evt.currentTarget, "hover");}); }); } I am assuming that evt.currentTarget and node could all be replaced with this and still work. I believe there is no real difference between 2 and 3 but the first one might actually use a different approach.

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  • What is the difference between LR, SLR, and LALR parsers?

    - by equilibrium
    What is the actual difference between LR, SLR, and LALR parsers? I know that SLR and LALR are types of LR parsers, but what is the actual difference as far as their parsing tables are concerned? And how to show whether a grammar is LR, SLR, or LALR? For an LL grammar we just have to show that any cell of the parsing table should not contain multiple production rules. Any similar rules for LALR, SLR, and LR? For example, how can we show that the grammar S --> Aa | bAc | dc | bda A --> d is LALR(1) but not SLR(1)?

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  • What is the difference between #ifdef __IPHONE_3.2 and #if __IPHONE_3.2?

    - by Jonathan
    Hi, I have an iphone app that needs to work for 3.1.3 for the iPhone and 3.2 for the iPad. It is an iPhone app that I want to work on the iPad. The main difference is the MPMoviePlayerController which introduces/and deprecates lots of things in 3.2. Since, the iPhone OS only goes up to 3.1.3 and the iPad is on 3.2, I need to seperate my code so it only compiles the required code for the respective OS. I can't use [[UIDevice currentDevice] model] because I end up with deprecated warnings on the 3.1.3 code. Also, UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad is new in 3.2 so it doesn't work well with 3.1.3... So, I decided to use this, which only compiles what is necessary for the particular OS: #if __IPHONE _3_2 //do 3.2 iPad stuff #else //do 3.1.3 iPhone/iPod Touch stuff #endif My question is... What is the difference between these? #ifdef __IPHONE_3_2 and #if __IPHONE_3_2 Thank you

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  • What is the difference between Java RMI and JMS?

    - by Sanoj
    When designing an distributed application in Java there seams to be a few technologies that address the same kind of problem. I have briefly read about Java Remote Method Invocation and Java Message Service, but it is hard to really see the difference. Java RMI seams to be more tightly coupled than JMS because JMS use asynchronous communication, but otherwise I don't see any big differences. What is the difference between them? Is one of them newer than the other one? Which one is more common/popular in enterprises? What advantages do they have over eachother? When is one preferred over the other? Do they differ much in how difficult they are to implement? I also think that Web Services and CORBA address the same problem.

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  • FASM vc MASM trasnlation problem in mov si, offset msg

    - by Ruben Trancoso
    hi folks, just did my first test with MASM and FASM with the same code (almos) and I falled in trouble. The only difference is that to produce just the 104 bytes I need to write to MBR in FASM I put org 7c00h and in MASM 0h. The problem is on the mov si, offset msg that in the first case transletes it to 44 7C (7c44h) and with masm translates to 44 00 (0044h)! but just when I change org 7c00h to org 0h in MASM. Otherwise it will produce the entire segment from 0 to 7dff. how do I solve it? or in short, how to make MASM produce a binary that begins at 7c00h as it first byte and subsequent jumps remain relative to 7c00h? .model TINY .code org 7c00h ; Boot entry point. Address 07c0:0000 on the computer memory xor ax, ax ; Zero out ax mov ds, ax ; Set data segment to base of RAM jmp start ; Jump to the first byte after DOS boot record data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ; DOS boot record data ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- brINT13Flag db 90h ; 0002h - 0EH for INT13 AH=42 READ brOEM db 'MSDOS5.0' ; 0003h - OEM name & DOS version (8 chars) brBPS dw 512 ; 000Bh - Bytes/sector brSPC db 1 ; 000Dh - Sectors/cluster brResCount dw 1 ; 000Eh - Reserved (boot) sectors brFATs db 2 ; 0010h - FAT copies brRootEntries dw 0E0h ; 0011h - Root directory entries brSectorCount dw 2880 ; 0013h - Sectors in volume, < 32MB brMedia db 240 ; 0015h - Media descriptor brSPF dw 9 ; 0016h - Sectors per FAT brSPH dw 18 ; 0018h - Sectors per track brHPC dw 2 ; 001Ah - Number of Heads brHidden dd 0 ; 001Ch - Hidden sectors brSectors dd 0 ; 0020h - Total number of sectors db 0 ; 0024h - Physical drive no. db 0 ; 0025h - Reserved (FAT32) db 29h ; 0026h - Extended boot record sig brSerialNum dd 404418EAh ; 0027h - Volume serial number (random) brLabel db 'OSAdventure' ; 002Bh - Volume label (11 chars) brFSID db 'FAT12 ' ; 0036h - File System ID (8 chars) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; Boot code ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- start: mov si, offset msg call showmsg hang: jmp hang msg db 'Loading...',0 showmsg: lodsb cmp al, 0 jz showmsgd push si mov bx, 0007 mov ah, 0eh int 10h pop si jmp showmsg showmsgd: retn ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Boot record signature ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------- dw 0AA55h ; Boot record signature END

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  • If I can ping my DB server, is my SQL Server connection guaranteed to work?

    - by Matt
    If I can ping my DB server, is my SQL Server connection guaranteed to work? I am using a default connection string in my code. My program runs fine locally but overseas sites are having issues and I am wondering if SQL might be using a TCP or UDP port that is still blocked. Here is the connection string "Data Source=xxxx.xxxx.com; Initial Catalog = xxxxx; User ID=xxxxx;password=xxxxx"

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  • Read and write struct in C

    - by Sergey
    I have a struct: typedef struct student { char fname[30]; char sname[30]; char tname[30]; Faculty fac; int course; char group[10]; int room; int bad; } Student; I read it from the file: Database * dbOpen(char *fname) { FILE *fp = fopen(fname, "rb"); List *lst, *temp; Student *std; Database *db = malloc(sizeof(*db)); if (!fp) return NULL; FileNameS = fname; std = malloc(sizeof(*std)); if (!fread(std, sizeof(*std), 1, fp)) { db->head = db->tail = NULL; return db; } lst = malloc(sizeof(*lst)); lst->s = std; lst->prev = NULL; db->head = lst; while (!feof(fp)) { fread(std, sizeof(*std), 1, fp); temp = malloc(sizeof(*temp)); temp->s = std; temp->prev = lst; lst->next = temp; lst = temp; } lst->next = NULL; db->tail = lst; fclose(fp); return db; } And I have a problem... At the last record i have a such file pointer: `fp 0x10311448 {_ptr=0x00344b90 "???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? _ _iobuf * ` And i read last record 2 times... Save file code: void * dbClose(Database *db) { FILE *fp = fopen(FileNameS, "w+b"); List *lst, *temp; lst = db->head; while(lst != NULL) { fwrite(lst->s, sizeof(*(lst->s)), 1, fp); temp = lst; lst = lst->next; free(temp); } free(db); fclose(fp); }

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  • How to mix mongodb and a traditional db in Rails?

    - by Jonathan
    I am considering using MongoDB (mongo-mapper) for a portion of my rails application. I am not ready to go whole hog MongoDB because there are too many useful gems that depend on a traditional DB. That being said there are parts of my application that would be great to leverage a document database. Has anyone had success mixing the two approaches? How do you link activerecord models with mongomapper models? Thanks, Jonathan

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  • CakePHP: Can I ignore a field when reading the Model from the DB?

    - by Daniel Magliola
    In one of my models, I have a "LONGTEXT" field that has a big dump of a bunch of stuff that I never care to read, and it slows things down, since I'm moving much more data between the DB and the web app. Is there a way to specify in the model that I want CakePHP to simply ignore that field, and never read it or do anything with it? I really want to avoid the hassle of creating a separate table and a separate model, only for this field. Thanks! Daniel

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  • In Magento, is it possible to populate your product models from an external API instead of the Magento DB?

    - by James Pelton
    I currently have Magento 1.7 CE installed. I want to use the Magento Product Models, except I want to get the price for the product from an external API (our pricing exists outside of Magento). I know what I could use the Magento API to import all the prices from our existing database, but our pricing changes very often, and we would then need to maintain two databases. Basically I'm wondering if there is something in Magento I can overwrite to call our API instead of the DB?

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  • Why DB constraints are not added during table creation.

    - by Pratik
    Hi All, What is the difference between these to ways of table creation. CREATE TABLE TABLENAME( field1.... field2... add constraint constraint1; add constraint constraint2; ) AND CREATE TABLE TABLENAME( field1.... field2... ) ALTER TABLE TABLENAME add constaint1 ALTER TABLE TABLENAME add constaint2 Moreover the first scripts fails on the SQL+ but they pass on sqldeveloper Thanks! Pratik

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  • 'Attempt to call private method' error when trying to change change case of db entires in migration

    - by Senthil
    class AddTitleToPosts < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up add_column :posts, :title, :string Post.find(:all).each do |post| post.update(:title => post.name.upcase) end end def self.down end end Like you can nothing particularly complicated, just trying to add new column title by changing case of name column already in db. But I get attempt to call private method error. I'm guessing it has something to do with 'self'? Thanks for your help.

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  • What's the best way to migrate a Django DB from SQLite to MySQL?

    - by Inshim
    I need to migrate my db from sqlite to mysql, and the various tools/scripts out there are too many for me to easily spot the safest and most elegant solution. This seemed to me nice http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/14/ but appears to be 3 years since getting an update which is worrying.. Can you recommend a solution that is known to be reliable with Django 1.1.1 ?

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