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  • Use Linq to SQL to generate sales report

    - by Richard Reddy
    I currently have the following code to generate a sales report over the last 30 days. I'd like to know if it would be possible to use linq to generate this report in one step instead of the rather basic loop I have here. For my requirement, every day needs to return a value to me so if there are no sales for any day then a 0 is returned. Any of the Sum linq examples out there don't explain how it would be possible to include a where filter so I am confused on how to get the total amount per day, or a 0 if no sales, for the last days I pass through. Thanks for your help, Rich //setup date ranges to use DateTime startDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-29); DateTime endDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1); TimeSpan startTS = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0); TimeSpan endTS = new TimeSpan(23, 59, 59); using (var dc = new DataContext()) { //get database sales from 29 days ago at midnight to the end of today var salesForDay = dc.Orders.Where(b => b.OrderDateTime > Convert.ToDateTime(startDate.Date + startTS) && b.OrderDateTime <= Convert.ToDateTime(endDate.Date + endTS)); //loop through each day and sum up the total orders, if none then set to 0 while (startDate != endDate) { decimal totalSales = 0m; DateTime startDay = startDate.Date + startTS; DateTime endDay = startDate.Date + endTS; foreach (var sale in salesForDay.Where(b => b.OrderDateTime > startDay && b.OrderDateTime <= endDay)) { totalSales += (decimal)sale.OrderPrice; } Response.Write("From Date: " + startDay + " - To Date: " + endDay + ". Sales: " + String.Format("{0:0.00}", totalSales) + "<br>"); //move to next day startDate = startDate.AddDays(1); } }

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  • How does does ifstream eof() work?

    - by Chan
    Hello everyone, #include <vector> #include <list> #include <map> #include <set> #include <deque> #include <stack> #include <bitset> #include <algorithm> #include <functional> #include <numeric> #include <utility> #include <sstream> #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <cstdio> #include <cmath> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> #include <cctype> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { fstream inf( "ex.txt", ios::in ); while( !inf.eof() ) { std::cout << inf.get() << "\n"; } inf.close(); inf.clear(); inf.open( "ex.txt", ios::in ); char c; while( inf >> c ) { std::cout << c << "\n"; } return 0; } I'm really confused about eof() function. Suppose my ex.txt's content is: abc It always reads an extra character and show -1. when reading using eof()? But the inf c gave the correct output which was 'abc'? Can anyone help me explain this? Best regards, Chan Nguyen

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  • What influences running time of reading a bunch of images?

    - by remi
    I have a program where I read a handful of tiny images (50000 images of size 32x32). I read them using OpenCV imread function, in a program like this: std::vector<std::string> imageList; // is initialized with full path to the 50K images for(string s : imageList) { cv::Mat m = cv::imread(s); } Sometimes, it will read the images in a few seconds. Sometimes, it takes a few minutes to do so. I run this program in GDB, with a breakpoint further away than the loop for reading images so it's not because I'm stuck in a breakpoint. The same "erratic" behaviour happens when I run the program out of GDB. The same "erratic" behaviour happens with program compiled with/without optimisation The same "erratic" behaviour happens while I have or not other programs running in background The images are always at the same place in the hard drive of my machine. I run the program on a Linux Suse distrib, compiled with gcc. So I am wondering what could affect the time of reading the images that much?

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  • How to reliably get size of C-style array?

    - by Frank
    How do I reliably get the size of a C-style array? The method often recommended seems to be to use sizeof, but it doesn't work in the foo function, where x is passed in: #include <iostream> void foo(int x[]) { std::cerr << (sizeof(x) / sizeof(int)); // 2 } int main(){ int x[] = {1,2,3,4,5}; std::cerr << (sizeof(x) / sizeof(int)); // 5 foo(x); return 0; } Answers to this question recommend sizeof but they don't say that it (apparently?) doesn't work if you pass the array around. So, do I have to use a sentinel instead? (I don't think the users of my foo function can always be trusted to put a sentinel at the end. Of course, I could use std::vector, but then I don't get the nice shorthand syntax {1,2,3,4,5}.)

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  • Visual Studio 2010 compile error with std::string?

    - by AJG85
    So this is possibly the strangest thing I've seen recently and was curious how this could happen. The compiler gave me an error saying that std::string is undefined when used as a return type but not when used as a parameter in methods of a class! #pragma once #include <string> #include <vector> // forward declarations class CLocalReference; class CResultSetHandle; class MyClass { public: MyClass() {} ~MyClass {} void Retrieve(const CLocalReference& id, CResultSetHandle& rsh, std::string& item); // this is fine const std::string Retrieve(const CLocalReference& id, CResultSetHandle& rsh); // this fails with std::string is undefined?!?! }; Doing a Rebuild All it still happened I had to choose clean solution and then Rebuild All again after for the universe to realign. While it's resolved for the moment I'd still like to know what could have caused this because I'm at a loss as to why when there should be no conflicts especially when I always use fully qualified names for STL.

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  • Exemplars of large document-centric applications with COM/XPCOM/.NET interfaces.

    - by Warren P
    I am looking for exemplars (design examples) showing the use of interfaces (aka 'protocols' for you smalltalkers) to design a document management architecture in a large Word Processor, Spreadsheet, vector graphic or publishing package, or office-productivity (non-database) application with support for as many of the following as possible: any open source project, will be ideal, and language of implementation is unimportant since I am looking for design examples, however an object oriented language with support for "interfaces" is a must. I know at least a dozen languages, and I'm willing to study any application's source. use of "interface" could loosely be applied to either XPCOM or COM interfaces, or .NET interfaces, or even the use of pure-virtual (virtual+abstract) base-classes for OOP languages that lack the ability to declare an interface distinct from a class. I am mostly looking for a robust, thorough and flexible implementation for a document, IDocument, various document views (IDocumentView), and whatever operations make sense in that case. I am particular interested in cases where the product in question is a real-world product. For example, if anybody familiar with OpenOffice can tell me if the code contains a good sample design. I am looking for design documentation that outlines the design of the interfaces for such an application. So for example, if the openoffice spreadsheet has such an interface design, then that might be the best case, because it is a widely used real-world design, with millions of users, rather than a textbook example, which is minimal, and contrived. I know that the Mozilla platform uses XPCOM, and its design is heavily "interface" oriented, but I am looking more for a "word processor" or "spreadsheet" type of document design, rather than a web-browser. I am particularly interested in the interfaces used to access to data and meta-data such as markup (attributes like bold, and italics, and font size), and the ability to search and look up named entities within a document.

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  • Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

    - by user89818
    I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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  • Should I learn to code?

    - by saltcod
    Hi All, This is more of a philosophical question than a technical one, but I’d like some opinions on it, and I think that there are many others in my position that would benefit. My issue is that I don’t really have time to learn how to code. I know, I know… no one has time anymore, but please hear me out. Since learning to use Drupal about 2 years ago I’ve been involved with several projects wherein I’ve become the default quasi-developer, front-end designer, site manager, and system administrator. What I’ve found is that I can produce fairly nice, feature rich Drupal sites with the wealth of contrib. modules out there (Views, CCK, image handling, etc….). BUT! I can’t code. I know enough PHP to insert something into a block, or re-word a string, but that’s about it. I still don’t really even know how arrays work. My question Succinctly, my question is: Given the time that I have available for all of this stuff – in addition to a full-time job and regular life – am I better off trying to become more expert at the front-end stuff, or should I just learn PHP already? Pros 1. If a project doesn’t use Drupal, I’ll know enough PHP to be able to participate. 2. Learning PHP would help my Drupal development too 3. Learning PHP would make front-end theming easier 4. Learning PHP should give me that missing background in programming – and should allow me to learn other languages in the future Cons 1. At 28, I know I’m not too old to learn anything. But am I too old to become ‘good’? 2. Am I better off getting better and better at front-end UX work? 3. Am I better off farming out the PHP work? Suggestions from coders welcome! Thanks Terry

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  • Get type of the parameter from list of objects, templates, C++

    - by CrocodileDundee
    This question follows to my previous question Get type of the parameter, templates, C++ There is the following data structure: Object1.h template <class T> class Object1 { private: T a1; T a2; public: T getA1() {return a1;} typedef T type; }; Object2.h template <class T> class Object2: public Object1 <T> { private: T b1; T b2; public: T getB1() {return b1;} } List.h template <typename Item> struct TList { typedef std::vector <Item> Type; }; template <typename Item> class List { private: typename TList <Item>::Type items; }; Is there any way how to get type T of an object from the list of objects (i.e. Object is not a direct parameter of the function but a template parameter)? template <class Object> void process (List <Object> *objects) { typename Object::type a1 = objects[0].getA1(); // g++ error: 'Object1<double>*' is not a class, struct, or union type } But his construction works (i.e. Object represents a parameter of the function) template <class Object> void process (Object *o1) { typename Object::type a1 = o1.getA1(); // OK }

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  • R optimization: How can I avoid a for loop in this situation?

    - by chrisamiller
    I'm trying to do a simple genomic track intersection in R, and running into major performance problems, probably related to my use of for loops. In this situation, I have pre-defined windows at intervals of 100bp and I'm trying to calculate how much of each window is covered by the annotations in mylist. Graphically, it looks something like this: 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 windows: |-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| mylist: |-| |-----------| So I wrote some code to do just that, but it's fairly slow and has become a bottleneck in my code: ##window for each 100-bp segment windows <- numeric(6) ##second track mylist = vector("list") mylist[[1]] = c(1,20) mylist[[2]] = c(120,320) ##do the intersection for(i in 1:length(mylist)){ st <- floor(mylist[[i]][1]/100)+1 sp <- floor(mylist[[i]][2]/100)+1 for(j in st:sp){ b <- max((j-1)*100, mylist[[i]][1]) e <- min(j*100, mylist[[i]][2]) windows[j] <- windows[j] + e - b + 1 } } print(windows) [1] 20 81 101 21 0 0 Naturally, this is being used on data sets that are much larger than the example I provide here. Through some profiling, I can see that the bottleneck is in the for loops, but my clumsy attempt to vectorize it using *apply functions resulted in code that runs an order of magnitude more slowly. I suppose I could write something in C, but I'd like to avoid that if possible. Can anyone suggest another approach that will speed this calculation up?

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  • ggplot: showing % instead of counts in charts of categorical variables

    - by wishihadabettername
    I'm plotting a categorical variable and instead of showing the counts for each category value, I'm looking for a way to get ggplot to display the percentage of values in that category. Of course, it is possible to create another variable with the calculated percentage and plot that one, but I have to do it several dozens of times and I hope to achieve that in one command. I was experimenting with something like qplot (mydataf) + stat_bin(aes(n=nrow(mydataf), y=..count../n)) + scale_y_continuous(formatter="percent") but I must be using it incorrectly, as I got errors. To easily reproduce the setup, here's a simplified example: mydata <- c ("aa", "bb", null, "bb", "cc", "aa", "aa", "aa", "ee", null, "cc"); mydataf <- factor(mydata); qplot (mydataf); #this shows the count, I'm looking to see % displayed. In the real case I'll probably use ggplot instead of qplot, but the right way to use stat_bin still eludes me. Thank you. UPDATE: I've also tried these four approaches: ggplot(mydataf, aes(y = (..count..)/sum(..count..))) + scale_y_continuous(formatter = 'percent'); ggplot(mydataf, aes(y = (..count..)/sum(..count..))) + scale_y_continuous(formatter = 'percent') + geom_bar(); ggplot(mydataf, aes(x = levels(mydataf), y = (..count..)/sum(..count..))) + scale_y_continuous(formatter = 'percent'); ggplot(mydataf, aes(x = levels(mydataf), y = (..count..)/sum(..count..))) + scale_y_continuous(formatter = 'percent') + geom_bar(); but all 4 give: Error: ggplot2 doesn't know how to deal with data of class factor The same error appears for the simple case of ggplot (data=mydataf, aes(levels(mydataf))) + geom_bar() so it's clearly something about how ggplot interacts with a single vector. I'm scratching my head, googling for that error gives a single result.

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  • Failed to specialize function template

    - by citizencane
    This is homework, although it's already submitted with a different approach. I'm getting the following from Visual Studio 2008 error C2893: Failed to specialize function template 'void std::sort(_RanIt,_RanIt,_Pr)' The code is as follows main.cpp Database<> db; db.loadDatabase(); db.sortDatabase(sort_by_title()); Database.cpp void Database<C>::sortDatabase(const sort_by &s) { std::sort(db_.begin(), db_.end(), s); } And the function objects are defined as struct sort_by : public std::binary_function<const Media *, const Media *, bool> { virtual bool operator()(const Media *l, const Media *r) const = 0; }; struct sort_by_title : public sort_by { bool operator()(const Media *l, const Media *r) const { ... } }; ... What's the cure here? [Edit] Sorry, maybe I should have made the inheritance clear template <typename C = std::vector<Media *> > class Database : public IDatabase<C> [/Edit]

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  • How to check if a position inside a std string exists ?? (c++)

    - by yox
    Hello, i have a long string variable and i want to search in it for specific words and limit text according to thoses words. Say i have the following text : "This amazing new wearable audio solution features a working speaker embedded into the front of the shirt and can play music or sound effects appropriate for any situation. It's just like starring in your own movie" and the words : "solution" , "movie". I want to substract from the big string (like google in results page): "...new wearable audio solution features a working speaker embedded..." and "...just like starring in your own movie" for that i'm using the code : for (std::vector<string>::iterator it = words.begin(); it != words.end(); ++it) { int loc1 = (int)desc.find( *it, 0 ); if( loc1 != string::npos ) { while(desc.at(loc1-i) && i<=80){ i++; from=loc1-i; if(i==80) fromdots=true; } i=0; while(desc.at(loc1+(int)(*it).size()+i) && i<=80){ i++; to=loc1+(int)(*it).size()+i; if(i==80) todots=true; } for(int i=from;i<=to;i++){ if(fromdots) mini+="..."; mini+=desc.at(i); if(todots) mini+="..."; } } but desc.at(loc1-i) causes OutOfRange exception... I don't know how to check if that position exists without causing an exception ! Help please!

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  • Where to place interactive objects in JavaScript?

    - by Chris
    I'm creating a web based application (i.e. JavaScript with jQuery and lots of SVG) where the user interacts with "objects" on the screen (think of DIVs that can be draged around, resized and connected by arraows - like a vector drawing programm or a graphical programming language). As each "object" contains individual information but is allways belonging to a "class" of elements it's obvious that this application should be programmed by using an OOP approach. But where do I store the "objects" best? Should I create a global structure ("registry") with all (JS native) objects and tell them "draw yourself on the DOM"? Or should I avoid such a structure and think of the (relevant) DOM nodes as my objects and attach the relevant data as .data() to them? The first approach is very MVC - but I guess the attachment of all the event handlers will be non trivial. The second approach will handle the events in a trivial way and it doesn't create a duplicate structure, but I guess the usual OO stuff (like methods) will be more complex. What do you recomend? I think the answer will be JavaScript and SVG specific as "usual" programming languages don't have such a highly organized output "canvas".

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  • R Random Data Sets within loops

    - by jugossery
    Here is what I want to do: I have a time series data frame with let us say 100 time-series of length 600 - each in one column of the data frame. I want to pick up 4 of the time-series randomly and then assign them random weights that sum up to one (ie 0.1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.1). Using those I want to compute the mean of the sum of the 4 weighted time series variables (e.g. convex combination). I want to do this let us say 100k times and store each result in the form ts1.name, ts2.name, ts3.name, ts4.name, weight1, weight2, weight3, weight4, mean so that I get a 9*100k df. I tried some things already but R is very bad with loops and I know vector oriented solutions are better because of R design. Thanks Here is what I did and I know it is horrible The df is in the form v1,v2,v2.....v100 1,5,6,.......9 2,4,6,.......10 3,5,8,.......6 2,2,8,.......2 etc e=NULL for (x in 1:100000) { s=sample(1:100,4)#pick 4 variables randomly a=sample(seq(0,1,0.01),1) b=sample(seq(0,1-a,0.01),1) c=sample(seq(0,(1-a-b),0.01),1) d=1-a-b-c e=c(a,b,c,d)#4 random weights average=mean(timeseries.df[,s]%*%t(e)) e=rbind(e,s,average)#in the end i get the 9*100k df } The procedure runs way to slow. EDIT: Thanks for the help i had,i am not used to think R and i am not very used to translate every problem into a matrix algebra equation which is what you need in R. Then the problem becomes a little bit complex if i want to calculate the standard deviation. i need the covariance matrix and i am not sure i can if/how i can pick random elements for each sample from the original timeseries.df covariance matrix then compute the sample variance (t(sampleweights)%*%sample_cov.mat%*%sampleweights) to get in the end the ts.weighted_standard_dev matrix Last question what is the best way to proceed if i want to bootstrap the original df x times and then apply the same computations to test the robustness of my datas thanks

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  • C++: inheritance problem

    - by Helltone
    It's quite hard to explain what I'm trying to do, I'll try: Imagine a base class A which contains some variables, and a set of classes deriving from A which all implement some method bool test() that operates on the variables inherited from A. class A { protected: int somevar; // ... }; class B : public A { public: bool test() { return (somevar == 42); } }; class C : public A { public: bool test() { return (somevar > 23); } }; // ... more classes deriving from A Now I have an instance of class A and I have set the value of somevar. int main(int, char* []) { A a; a.somevar = 42; Now, I need some kind of container that allows me to iterate over the elements i of this container, calling i::test() in the context of a... that is: std::vector<...> vec; // push B and C into vec, this is pseudo-code vec.push_back(&B); vec.push_back(&C); bool ret = true; for(i = vec.begin(); i != vec.end(); ++i) { // call B::test(), C::test(), setting *this to a ret &= ( a .* (&(*i)::test) )(); } return ret; } How can I do this? I've tried two methods: forcing a cast from B::* to A::*, adapting a pointer to call a method of a type on an object of a different type (works, but seems to be bad); using std::bind + the solution above, ugly hack; changing the signature of bool test() so that it takes an argument of type const A& instead of inheriting from A, I don't really like this solution because somevar must be public.

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  • Is Domain Anaemia appropriate in a Service Oriented Architecture?

    - by Stimul8d
    I want to be clear on this. When I say domain anaemia, I mean intentional domain anaemia, not accidental. In a world where most of our business logic is hidden away behind a bunch of services, is a full domain model really necessary? This is the question I've had to ask myself recently since working on a project where the "domain" model is in reality a persistence model; none of the domain objects contain any methods and this is a very intentional decision. Initially, I shuddered when I saw a library full of what are essentially type-safe data containers but after some thought it struck me that this particular system doesn't do much but basic CRUD operations, so maybe in this case this is a good choice. My problem I guess is that my experience so far has been very much focussed on a rich domain model so it threw me a little. The remainder of the domain logic is hidden away in a group of helpers, facades and factories which live in a separate assembly. I'm keen to hear what people's thoughts are on this. Obviously, the considerations for reuse of these classes are much simpler but is really that great a benefit?

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  • reading keyboard input without "consuming" it in x86 assembly

    - by Bob
    Ok so here the deal: I have an assignment regarding DOS and interrupts: I need to write a sort of key-logger function that can be called from C code. what it means is a c program would call an assembly function called startlog that would indicate to start logging the keys pressed until a function called endlog is called. the logging should work like this: write the ascii value of any key pressed without disturbing the C code between startlog and endlog, meaning that if the C code also needs to read the input (let's say by scanf, it would work ok). I managed to write the logger by changing the interrupt vector 9th entry (interrupt for keyboard press) to a function I wrote that writes the values to a file, and it works fine. however the C code does not get the input. Basically what i did is read the key pressed using int 21h, however after reading the ascii value it is "consumed" so I need a way to either simulate the key press again or read the value without "consuming" it so next time a key is read it reads the same key. (I described the code in english because it is long and clumsy assembly code)

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  • Calculating collission for a moving circle, without overlapping the boundaries

    - by Robert Vella
    Let's say I have circle bouncing around inside a rectangular area. At some point this circle will collide with one of the surfaces of the rectangle and reflect back. The usual way I'd do this would be to let the circle overlap that boundary and then reflect the velocity vector. The fact that the circle actually overlaps the boundary isn't usually a problem, nor really noticeable at low velocity. At high velocity it becomes quite clear that the circle is doing something it shouldn't. What I'd like to do is to programmitically take reflection into account and place the circle at it's proper position before displaying it on the screen. This means that I have to calculate the point where it hits the boundary between it's current position and it's future position -- rather than calculating it's new position and then checking if it has hit the boundary. This is a little bit more complicated than the usual circle/rectangle collission problem. I have a vague idea of how I should do it -- basically create a bounding rectangle between the current position and the new position, which brings up a slew of problems of it's own (Since the rectangle is rotated according to the direction of the circle's velocity). However, I'm thinking that this is a common problem, and that a common solution already exists. Is there a common solution to this kind of problem? Perhaps some basic theories which I should look into?

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  • Speed/expensive of SQLite query vs. List.contains() for "in-set" icon on list rows

    - by kpdvx
    An application I'm developing requires that the app main a local list of things, let's say books, in a local "library." Users can access their local library of books and search for books using a remote web service. The app will be aware of other users of the app through this web service, and users can browse other users' lists of books in their library. Each book is identified by a unique bookId (represented as an int). When viewing books returned through a search result or when viewing another user's book library, the individual list row cells need to visually represent if the book is in the user's local library or not. A user can have at most 5,000 books in the library, stored in SQLite on the device (and synchronized with the remote web service). My question is, to determine if the book shown in the list row is in the user's library, would it be better to directly ask SQLite (via SELECT COUNT(*)...) or to maintain, in-memory, a List or int[] array of some sort containing the unique bookIds. So, on each row display do I query SQLite or check if the List or int[] array contains the unique bookId? Because the user can have at most 5,000 books, each bookId occupies 4 bytes so at most this would use ~ 20kB. In thinking about this, and in typing this out, it seems obvious to me that it would be far better for performance if I maintained a list or int[] array of in-library bookIds vs. querying SQLite (the only caveat to maintaining an int[] array is that if books are added or removed I'll need to grow or shrink the array by hand, so with this option I'll most likely use an ArrayList or Vector, though I'm not sure of the additional memory overhead of using Integer objects as opposed to primitives). Opinions, thoughts, suggestions?

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  • Triangulation in 3D Space

    - by w3b_wizzard
    Disclaimer: This is for class, however I'm fresh out of ideas and a nudge in the right direction would be much appreciated. Also, this needs to be implemented in raw C, so no fancy libraries can be used. I have to write a search and rescue simulator for submarines, it has to find a probe that is randomly placed in 3D space in a grid from of the MAX_XYZ (100000). The only tools I'm given are a "ping" which will give the magnitude of the distance between a certain sub and the probe. The goal is to optimize the costs of this entire operation so a brute force attempt, like looking at every single coordinate, won't work. Hence I was thinking triangulation. Now, it makes loads of sense to me, place three subs, each one of them uses their ping to get the distance between them and the probe. Since each sub have a known distance relative to one another, it's easy to build the base of a tetrahedron with them, and the results of the ping will point to a certain coordinate, the problem I'm having is how to figure out the elevation, or the height, of the tetrahedron. So what I have as data is the following: Distances between subs (In vector format) Angles between each subs (very easy to compute) Distance between each sub and the probe (3 segments from the base to the peak) Angles inside each of the outer 3 surfaces of the tetrahedron. I tried finding some sort of relationship with the vertices of the tetrahedron and the relative angles in each of them, however all I found had to deal with tetrahedrons built with equilateral triangles, which isn't much help. I have the impression this can be easily solved with trig but either I'm not seeing it or I need more coffee. Any suggestions would be appreciated!

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  • Is it not possible to make a C++ application "Crash Proof"?

    - by Enno Shioji
    Let's say we have an SDK in C++ that accepts some binary data (like a picture) and does something. Is it not possible to make this SDK "crash-proof"? By crash I primarily mean forceful termination by the OS upon memory access violation, due to invalid input passed by the user (like an abnormally short junk data). I have no experience with C++, but when I googled, I found several means that sounded like a solution (use a vector instead of an array, configure the compiler so that automatic bounds check is performed, etc.). When I presented this to the developer, he said it is still not possible.. Not that I don't believe him, but if so, how is language like Java handling this? I thought the JVM performs everytime a bounds check. If so, why can't one do the same thing in C++ manually? UPDATE By "Crash proof" I don't mean that the application does not terminate. I mean it should not abruptly terminate without information of what happened (I mean it will dump core etc., but is it not possible to display a message like "Argument x was not valid" etc.?)

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  • Dimensions of a collection, and how to traverse it in an efficient, elegant manner

    - by Bruce Ferguson
    I'm trying to find an elegant way to deal with multi-dimensional collections in Scala. My understanding is that I can have up to a 5 dimensional collection using tabulate, such as in the case of the following 2-Dimensional array: val test = Array.tabulate[Double](row,col)(_+_) and that I can access the elements of the array using for(i<-0 until row) { for(j<-0 until col) { test(i)(j) = 0.0 } } If I don't know a priori what I'm going to be handling, what might be a succinct way of determining the structure of the collection, and spanning it, without doing something like: case(Array(x)) => for(i<-1 until dim1) { test(i) = 0.0 } case(Array(x,y)) => for(i<-1 until dim1) { for(j<-1 until dim2) { test(i)(j) = 0.0 } } case(Array(x,y,z)) => ... The dimensional values n1, n2, n3, etc... are private, right? Also, would one use the same trick of unwrapping a 2-D array into a 1-D vector when dealing with n-Dimensional objects if I want a single case to handle the traversal? Thanks in advance Bruce

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  • Design for fastest page download

    - by mexxican
    I have a file with millions of URLs/IPs and have to write a program to download the pages really fast. The connection rate should be at least 6000/s and file download speed at least 2000 with avg. 15kb file size. The network bandwidth is 1 Gbps. My approach so far has been: Creating 600 socket threads with each having 60 sockets and using WSAEventSelect to wait for data to read. As soon as a file download is complete, add that memory address(of the downloaded file) to a pipeline( a simple vector ) and fire another request. When the total download is more than 50Mb among all socket threads, write all the files downloaded to the disk and free the memory. So far, this approach has been not very successful with the rate at which I could hit not shooting beyond 2900 connections/s and downloaded data rate even less. Can somebody suggest an alternative approach which could give me better stats. Also I am working windows server 2008 machine with 8 Gig of memory. Also, do we need to hack the kernel so as we could use more threads and memory. Currently I can create a max. of 1500 threads and memory usage not going beyond 2 gigs [ which technically should be much more as this is a 64-bit machine ]. And IOCP is out of question as I have no experience in that so far and have to fix this application today. Thanks Guys!

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  • Custom bean instantiation logic in Spring MVC

    - by Michal Bachman
    I have a Spring MVC application trying to use a rich domain model, with the following mapping in the Controller class: @RequestMapping(value = "/entity", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String create(@Valid Entity entity, BindingResult result, ModelMap modelMap) { if (entity== null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("An entity is required"); if (result.hasErrors()) { modelMap.addAttribute("entity", entity); return "entity/create"; } entity.persist(); return "redirect:/entity/" + entity.getId(); } Before this method gets executed, Spring uses BeanUtils to instantiate a new Entity and populate its fields. It uses this: ... ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor); return ctor.newInstance(args); Here's the problem: My entities are Spring managed beans. The reason for this is to inject DAOs on them. Instead of calling new, I use EntityFactory.createEntity(). When they're retrieved from the database, I have an interceptor that overrides the public Object instantiate(String entityName, EntityMode entityMode, Serializable id) method and hooks the factories into that. So the last piece of the puzzle missing here is how to force Spring to use the factory rather than its own BeanUtils reflective approach? Any suggestions for a clean solution? Thanks very much in advance.

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