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• Simple Windows+Linux server provisioning? Chef/Puppet/Ansible etc

  - by Andrew

  I'm primarily a developer, part time devops; and manage servers here and there for my projects. I want to automate provisioning of web/app/database servers going forward for my projects I manage a mixture of both Windows and Linux servers (VPS, cloud and dedicated) I've looked at investigated Chef/Puppet/Ansible briefly; and I am wanting to find something that: Is easy to learn and understand. I don't want to invest weeks into understanding a complicated piece of tech. Ideally does not require a server ("master server") to hold the configurations Supports provisioning of Windows and Linux servers Comes with suitable documentation to get started Does anyone have any advice on what tool is best suited? Thanks

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• Keyboard shortcut / navigation references

  - by jerryjvl

  I use the mouse much too freely, and my wrists are not thanking me for it. I have been meaning to try and use the keyboard more as my sole means of navigating Windows, but I am having trouble sticking with it because when I need to do something and I cannot find the right shortcut, I grab the mouse and forget to let go of it again. Personally, the main software that I need keyboard reference sheets for would be: Firefox Thunderbird Visual Studio Windows itself But I would encourage more general inclusion of shortcut references in the answers in case anyone else tries to make the same transition I am attempting ;) What I am looking for is reference material that is as comprehensive as possible so that over time I can hopefully learn to do everything with the keyboard and spare my wrists. Bonus points for references that can be printed in a reasonable size so I can keep them next to my machine in hardcopy. I know there is an answer for Windows already: Is there a definitive reference for Windows shortcuts keys?, but I am leaving it in my question in case anyone has a better printable alternative.

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• Critical (Unixlike) Distros for Sysadmin Hopefuls to Have Experience With

  - by Interwebs

  Hi All, I'm trying to learn to be a Unix/Linux Sysadmin, and am hoping to get some hands-on experience by setting up a few installs (VMs, old comps, and the like) at home and practicing administering them. I was wondering, in the experience of those on this site, which distros are critical to be comfortable with. Obviously, to a certain extent, they're all similar, but there are substantial enough differences between administering, say, Debian, OpenSolaris, FreeBSD, and CentOS. So, which distros are most important to practice with in your opinion? Which have had most demand/come up most often in actual work situations? Thanks!

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• Reverse proxy with SSL and IP passthrough?

  - by Paul

  Turns out that the IP of a much-needed new website is blocked from inside our organization's network for reasons that will take weeks to fix. In the meantime, could we set up a reverse proxy on an Internet-based server which will forward SSL traffic and perhaps client IPs to the external site? Load will be light. No need to terminate SSL on the proxy. We may be able to poison DNS so original URL can work. How do I learn if I need URL rewriting? Squid/apache/nginx/something else? Setup would be fastest on Win 2000, but other OSes are OK if that would help. Simple and quick are good since it's a temporary solution. Thanks for your thoughts!

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• Explanation of command to uppercase the first letter of a file

  - by hazielquake

  Hi I'm trying to learn to rename files with the command line, and after browsing around a lot of pages I finally found a command that uppercases the first letter of a file, but the problem is that I want to understand the meaning of each command. The command is: for i in *; do new=echo "$i" | sed -e 's/^./\U&/'; mv "$i" "$new";done I understand the 'for' kinda... but not the 'echo' or '`' and especially the sed command. if someone has a little patience to explain the meaning of each thing that'd be awesome! Thanks!

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• Danger in running a proxy server? [closed]

  - by NessDan

  I currently have a home server that I'm using to learn more and more about servers. There's also the advantage of being able to run things like a Minecraft server (Yeah!). I recently installed and setup a proxy service known as Squid. The main reason was so that no matter where I was, I would be able to access sites without dealing with any network content filter (like at schools). I wanted to make this public but I had second thoughts on it. I thought last night that if people were using my proxy, couldn't they access illegal materials with it? What if someone used my proxy to download copyright material? Or launched an attack on another site via my proxy? What if someone actually looked up child pornography through the proxy? My question is, am I liable for what people use my proxy for? If someone does an illegal act and it leads to my proxy server, could I be held accountable for the actions done?

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• Mail being sent as root on Ubuntu 14.04

  - by Benjamin Allison

  I'm really struggling with this. I'm trying to set up this server to send mail using Gmail's SMTP. Google keeps bouncing the messages, saying that that Authentication is required: smtp.gmail.com[74.125.196.109]:25: 530-5.5.1 Authentication Required. Learn more at smtp.gmail.com[74.125.196.109]:25: 530 5.5.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=14257 But it seems my server is trying to send mail as [email protected]. I'm baffled. Here's what I've done so far: Updated mail.cf relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/cacert.pem smtp_use_tls = yes Created /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd: [smtp.gmail.com]:587 [email protected]:password Then did the following: sudo chmod 400 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd sudo postmap /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd cat /etc/ssl/certs/Thawte_Premium_Server_CA.pem | sudo tee -a /etc/postfix/cacert.pem service postfix restart I can't for the life me get a mail message to send, or change the default mail user from [email protected] to [email protected] (FWIW, I'm using Google Apps, that's why it's not a .gmail address).

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• Best use of new express card on Windows

  - by jckdnk111

  I just bought a 48GB SSD express card for my laptop and I am trying to decide how best to use it. I will be running some sort of virtualization (prob VirtualBox) to test / learn Windows Server administration. I am running Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit. I have 4GB of RAM and a 7200 RPM SATA hard disk. The express card will read at 115MB/s and write at 65MB/s. So how best to use this new disk? Readyboost, relocate pagefile, store VM disks, mix / match?

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• Getting Started with windows server 2008/2012

  - by hbrock

  First let me say, I am a programmer(not a super star) but I want to get more into the system/network administration side of things. This because there are more jobs for system/network administrators in the area I live. Right now I am using virtual machines to learn how windows 2008/2012 works and to build labs with. But how would I prove to an employer what my skill set is with windows 2008/2012? As a programmer I would point to my past projects, code samples, and so on. Thanks for any help.

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• Are there any Powershell modules specifically for IIS6 administration?

  - by program247365

  I'm looking to manage/administer many IIS6 servers remotely via Powershell (query sites, iis settings, etc). Is this possible? Is there a Microsoft-supported module out there? Or do I have to use WMI-Object/WebAdministration? If so, could some one give me some quick instructions on doing some simple "get info" commands in Powershell to a remote IIS6 machine? (It's frustrating that there is a nice IIS7/Microsoft-supported module out there: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/428/getting-started-with-the-iis-70-powershell-snap-in/ But not an IIS6 one easily found.)

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• What is the lightest, basic Email Server for Linux?

  - by Xeoncross

  I would like to install an extremely small mail server on my VPS and I am only interested in it sending out mail (activation links) from my web site. I don't need it to support mailboxes or incoming mail (although having that option for the future might be nice). The main requirement is that I don't have to worry about monitoring it as often and protecting against people bouncing messages off my server or wasting resources with incoming mail. I just want to send mail out. So something small that only listens on localhost would be ideal. The other requirement is that it is documented so I can learn how to set it up and manage it.

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• Identify what's painting the empty space in my Windows notification area?

  - by lance

  I have an "icon" in my Windows (XP, if it matters) notification area (by the clock) which renders no image, but rather an empty square space (no borders -- nothing rendered at all in the space where you'd expect an icon). Upon mousing over this space, it immediately collapses (disappears), preventing me from gathering any information about it. I'm assuming the collapse (on mouseover) indicates the process is no longer running. How can I learn what process is painting this "void" in my notification area? I don't control the workstation, so I can't control what launches when.

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• How SSD's drives reduce their latency?

  - by tigrou

  First time i read some information about SSD's, i was surprised to learn they internally use NAND flash chips. This kind of memory is generally slow (low bandwidth) and have high latency while SSD's are just the opposite. But here is how it works : SSD drives increase their bandwidth by using several NAND flash chips in parallel. In other words, they do some data striping (aka RAID0) across several chips (done by the controller). What i don't understand is how SSD's drives managed to reduce latency? (or at least lot better than what a single NAND chip without any controller can do)

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• Creating a webserver from scratch

  - by Val

  I know this is going to sound a humongous task and many of you would think why in the world would you want to do so or why re-invent the wheel. However I just want a project I can work on the side see how it goes and experiment ( I got a thirst for learning something new and this is a great challenge). Question Where would I start creating a server-side scripting like php, asp and (now) node.js I would like to have a few examples, and most importantly a CODEX/documentation where I can learn and find out more how it works. I guess I am asking for directions where to go to read and find out more about this. Many thanks,

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• Is there a filesystem that is "friendly" to both windows and Linux?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm planning to install Ubuntu 10.04 with Windows 7. (I'm new to Linux, have to use at work so I'm planning to install it at home to learn more) I plan to use a partition to my Windows system files (C:), a partition for my personal files that already exists (D:) and a new partition for Linux. What I want is to have a partition for my personal files that works across these systems - so, if I start with Windows or Linux, there's the same "Videos", "Pictures", "Projects" folders. Is it possible? Is there a hd filesystem capable of having writes from both systems without too much risk of corrupting or something?

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• First Linux - Ubuntu - should I change anything right away?

  - by Cyrcle

  I'm going to be getting a new system next week. I'm finally going to take the leap and run Linux as the native OS on it. Seems like a standard install of Ubuntu is the way to go for a newbie. I'm planning on 10.04 LTS. Is there anything that I should change right away that will cause me problems down the road? I'll be using this system for web development, mainly programming PHP. I'll be using my old laptop for testing with IE and Safari, at least until I either use Wine or VirtualBox to run them on the new machine. I think I'm going to force myself to learn Vim while I'm at it.

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• Is there a filesystem that is "friendly" to both windows and Linux?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm planning to install Ubuntu 10.04 with Windows 7. (I'm new to Linux, have to use at work so I'm planning to install it at home to learn more) I plan to use a partition to my Windows system files (C:), a partition for my personal files that already exists (D:) and a new partition for Linux. What I want is to have a partition for my personal files that works across these systems - so, if I start with Windows or Linux, there's the same "Videos", "Pictures", "Projects" folders. Is it possible? Is there a hd filesystem capable of having writes from both systems without too much risk of corrupting or something? (Can't be FAT32, I need to store 4gb files). I've read some horror stories of corruption, and would like to know from a sysadmin POV all the risks involved in such scenario.

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• Ubuntu in Virtualbox - web server very slow when using local IP address

  - by Lenny Marnham

  I'm using Ubuntu (Lucid Lynx) to learn Ruby On Rails. I'm running Ubuntu in VirtualBox (the host is Windows 7 Ultimate), using bridged networking. When I run my Rails app and point the browser at it using localhost:3000, the app responds immediately and my page is rendered in a second or two. However, if I use 10.0.0.5:3000 (where 10.0.0.5 is my IP address reported using ifconfig), the response from my rails app is incredibly slow - maybe 30 seconds or more for the server to respond and render the page. This happens in both Firefox and Chrome. Also, when I hit the Rails app from the host (to test it in IE), I get the same slooooooow response. Any ideas what might be going on? I've tried it with two different routers, and on two different networks (work and home) with the same result. Cheers all.

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• 'Unlimited' free trial of Windows Server 2008 by deleting and reinstalling VM? [closed]

  - by MrVimes

  I am using Virtual Machine software (VirtualBox) to learn Windows Server 2008 R2 Network Infrastructure (70-642). Trouble is - I'm learning at an extremely slow pace and so the trial periods of my virtual machines are close to running out. If I delete the VMs then install WS2008R2 from scratch on new VMs is that violating the acceptable use policy of Microsoft? I am aware that I can extend the trial, but it seems I can only do that by 10 days at a time. Also I think having to re-install from scratch is a good way to reinforce the knowledge.

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• Filtering downloading a file

  - by Ozgun Sunal

  people. i know there are several types of firewalls operating at different layers of OSI. ACLs(layer 3 firewalls filter based on port numbers and IP addresses), SPI(which examines the patterns of data at layer 3 and realise that data content is malicious or not) and application layer firewalls which is capable of understanding the data at that level. Considering this, i'll give an example and learn what i need to do. Lets say, we have a computer has access to the Internet. i want to download a file or display a web page from a website but block access to the another website/s or downloading. To do this, i cant block access to the web browser on the 3rd party firewall bcos that will shut down all access. ACLs wont already do it. So, which kind of firewall will make it possible to filter specific traffic and how?

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• Server Requirement and Cost for an android Application [duplicate]

  - by CagkanToptas

  This question already has an answer here: How do you do load testing and capacity planning for web sites? 3 answers Can you help me with my capacity planning? 2 answers I am working on a project which is an android application. For my project proposal, I need to calculate what is my server requirements to overcome the traffic I explained below? and if possible, I want to learn what is approximate cost of such server? I am giving the maximum expected values for calculation : -Database will be in mysql (Average service time of DB is 100-110ms in my computer[i5,4GB Ram]) -A request will transfer 150Kb data for each request on average. -Total user count : 1m -Active user count : 50k -Estimated request/sec for 1 active user : 0.06 -Total expected request/second to the server = ~5000 I am expecting this traffic between 20:00-1:00 everyday and then this values will decrease to 1/10 rest of the day. Is there any solution to this? [e.g increasing server capacity in a specific time period everyday to reduce cost]

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• Keep IMAP messages locally when deleted remotely

  - by user74328

  I use my email from my phone and my computer via IMAP. I want to set something up so that if I delete a message via my phone, my computer will still keep the message locally. For example, assume I leave my computer on, with a synchronize interval of 5 minutes. I want to be able to send something from my phone, wait 5 minutes to be sure my computer has downloaded the item from the Sent folder, then delete it from the IMAP sent folder via my phone, but have the computer at home keep it's copy. Is this possible with any readily available email clients out there? I have Thunderbird and Outlook at the moment, but would be willing to learn a new interface for this feature. How can I accomplish this?

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• Very small computer for note-taking, with full-size keyboard

  - by Reid

  I am looking for a very small, lightweight computer with a full-size keyboard for taking text notes. Ideally it would be 500g or less including batteries for 16 hours of use. And writing text is the only use - a typewriter, if I could find one light enough, would be just fine. [I realize this is not the place for product recommendations, and that's not what I'm looking for. Rather, I have no experience in this space, so what I'd like is to understand what kinds of equipment are available and what are the right keywords to plug into Google/eBay/etc. In other words, help me learn enough to do a worthwhile search.]

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• How can i simulate the production servers in my home for linux VMs [closed]

  - by user31

  I am thinking of making the small simulation of how the big companies run their system in my home environment to get the feeling. I have the server with 8GB ram , quad core processor. I am thinking of following setup if thats [possible because i have not worked with biger companies , so i want to know how can i do that I am thinking of creating 5 virtual machines VM1 will be database server and will have all databases like MySQL , postgreSQL , sqlite , mongodb and Oracle VM2 will be the web server and will have Apache and Tomcat installed VM3 will be the Filse server where i will have all the web sites file VM4 , i am thinking of as main box where i can install ptyon php java j2ee sites but not sure VM5 will have the server 22008 for c# .net applications my main idea is to be able to host the sites in php, python , java j2ee with spring Is my setup ok or i am missing few things. Please guide me with correct setup so that i can learn stuff

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• Why do I need to add my application pool identity to the IIS_IUSRS group?

  - by smcolligan

  I'm setting up a .NET v4.0 web application on a Windows 2008 R2/IIS 7.5 server that uses a domain account for the application pool identity. When I access the site, I get the following error: The current identity () does not have write access to 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files' According to this: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/140/understanding-built-in-user-and-group-accounts-in-iis/ the identity of the worker process is added to the IIS_IUSRS group when the process starts. This seems to work fine for the existing .NET v2.0 applications I have running on the same server (I have not had to add their domain account application pool identities to IIS_IUSRS group). This does not seem to be the case for the first .NET v4.0 web application I'm setting up. Once I add the identity to the group, everything works fine. I suspect something is not configured correctly that is forcing me to do this. I would like to understand this before rolling out more sites/servers. Thanks in advance for your help...

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